PSHBOJTFE JO JU CFDBNF BO JMMVTPSZ *OEPDIJOFTF GFEFSBM DBQJUBM 5IFO JO #Ë˝PÍƒĂĽËźJ NBEF JU B QPJOU UP TFUUMF UIFSF XIFO IF SFUVSOFE UP SFJHO PWFS 7JFU /BN )F NBEF it his non-official capital to rule the State of 7JFU /BN BOE UIF )JHIMBOE UFSSJUPSJFT UIBU were under his direct authority. *O /PWFNCFS 5SËżO ĂĽĂ–OI 2VĂ? CFDBNF the first Vietnamese mayor of the city. The city became home to new military infrastructures (School for the children of Eurasian troops, École Interarmes founded JO BOE JOUFSQSPWJODJBM BOE OBUJPOBM PSHBOJTBUJPOT 5IF̓ T NBSLFE UIF USBOTJUJPO PG ĂĽĂ‹ -ËźU GSPN B DPMPOJBM DJUZ UP B Vietnamese municipality to which power was gradually transferred. Urban Embellishment and Landscape Preservation 'SPN JO UIF QPQVMBUJPO USJQMFE JO UP SFBDI JO #FUXFFO BOE B EP[FO PS TP villages were created, often depending on UIF NJHSBOUT QSPWJODFT PG PSJHJO A certain architectural eclecticism can be seen in the many religious buildings whose DPOTUSVDUJPO CFHBO JO UIF T BOE DPOUJOVFE JOUP UIF T "T XFMM BT UIF NBOZ Catholic religious buildings, the city was also home to small temples, an impressive NBVTPMFVN EFWPUFE UP /HVZĚŽO )ĚŁV )Ă‹P BOE QBHPEBT *O UPUBM UIFSF XFSF QBHPEBT DIBQFMT BOE DIVSDIFT BOE $BUIPMJD orders. "T B DPOTFRVFODF PG UIF MBDL PG DPOTUSVDUJPO QSPKFDUT UIF MBOETDBQF QFSTQFDUJWFT UIF non aedificandi zones) and vantage points could be preserved. The gardens and horticultural zones strengthened the harmony between
the architecture and the natural sites in the city. 5IJT QFSJPE DFSUBJOMZ SFQSFTFOUT üË -˟U T golden age of architecture and landscape. 5IF DJUZ PòFSFE B XJEF QBMFUUF PG TUZMFT *O UIFSF XFSF WJMMBT BOE BT NBOZ gardens. Public buildings were built in a modernist style. Those built during this period were above all functional. This architectural heritage became an emblem of the city, encapsulating a certain aesthetic maturity.
1.2.7 The Provincialising of Ä?Ă Lất (1955-1993) The Modernity of Ä?Ă Lất in the Middle of the 1960s %VSJOH UIF T UIF 'SFODI DPMPOJBM DJUZ was transformed under the influence of a nationalisation of public services and a Vietnamisation of its residential zones and city services. Its development was naturally SFTUSBJOFE CZ UIF DPOUFYU PG XBS "MUIPVHI infrastructures were strengthened to make ĂĽĂ‹ -ËźU B NVMUJ QVSQPTF DJUZ UIF FòPSUT NBEF UP MBVODI OFX UPXO QMBOOJOH QSPKFDUT MFE UP OPUIJOH SFBMMZ FYDFQUJPOBM 5IF -BHJTRVFU 1MBO XBT FWFO SFVTFE VOEFS UIF /HĂ™ ĂĽĂ–OI %JĚ?N HPWFSONFOU 8IBU XF saw was more a “provincialisingâ€? of the city. *O̓ BENJOJTUSBUJWF CPVOEBSZ DIBOHFT MFE̓UP UIF DSFBUJPO PG UIF QSPWJODF PG 5VZĂ?O ĂĽĚ D XJUI ĂĽĂ‹ -ËźU BT JUT BENJOJTUSBUJWF DBQJUBM 5IF T TBX UIF JNQMFNFOUBUJPO PG QSFWJPVTMZ EFDJEFE NPEFSOJTBUJPO FòPSUT in the city, but there was no real attempt to add to them. 5IF QPQVMBUJPO PG ĂĽĂ‹ -ËźU IBE SFBDIFE Agricultural activity intensified, the city centre became more and more populated and new
[ ] July 2015 / Tam Ä?ảo Summer School Week 2014 / Š AFD