Tms 2019 148th annual meeting exhibition supplemental proceedings & the minerals - The ebook is avai

Page 1


Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://textbookfull.com/product/tms-2019-148th-annual-meeting-exhibition-suppleme ntal-proceedings-the-minerals/

More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant download maybe you interests ...

TMS 2014 143rd Annual Meeting Exhibition Annual Meeting

Supplemental Proceedings 1st Edition Metals & Materials Society (Tms) The Minerals

https://textbookfull.com/product/tms-2014-143rd-annual-meetingexhibition-annual-meeting-supplemental-proceedings-1st-editionmetals-materials-society-tms-the-minerals/

EPD Congress 2015 proceedings of symposia sponsored by the Extraction Processing Division EPD of the Minerals

Metals Materials Society TMS held during TMS 2015 144th Annual Meeting Exhibition March 15 19 2015 Orlando

Florida 1st Edition Yurko

https://textbookfull.com/product/epd-congress-2015-proceedingsof-symposia-sponsored-by-the-extraction-processing-division-epdof-the-minerals-metals-materials-society-tms-held-duringtms-2015-144th-annual-meeting-exhibition-march-15/

Magnesium technology 2016 : proceedings of a symporsium sponsored by Magnesium Committtee of the Light Metals Division of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) held during TMS 2016, 145th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, February 14-18 Downtown Nashv 1st Edition Manuel

https://textbookfull.com/product/magnesiumtechnology-2016-proceedings-of-a-symporsium-sponsored-bymagnesium-committtee-of-the-light-metals-division-of-theminerals-metals-materials-society-tms-held-during-tms-2016-145thann/

5th International Symposium on High Temperature

Metallurgical Processing proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Minerals Metals Materials Society TMS held during TMS 2014 143rd Annual Meeting Exhibition February 16 20 2014 San Diego Conv 1st Edition Tao Jiang

https://textbookfull.com/product/5th-international-symposium-onhigh-temperature-metallurgical-processing-proceedings-of-asymposium-sponsored-by-the-minerals-metals-materials-society-tmsheld-during-tms-2014-143rd-annual-meeting-exh/

Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2019: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society Alexei V. Samsonovich

https://textbookfull.com/product/biologically-inspired-cognitivearchitectures-2019-proceedings-of-the-tenth-annual-meeting-ofthe-bica-society-alexei-v-samsonovich/

Light Metals 2016 1st Edition Metals & Materials Society (Tms) The Minerals

https://textbookfull.com/product/light-metals-2016-1st-editionmetals-materials-society-tms-the-minerals/

Characterization of minerals, metals, and materials 2016: proceedsing of a symposium sponsored by the Materials Characterization Committee of the Extraction and Processing Division of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) held during TMS 2016, 14 1st Edition Shadia Ikhmayies

https://textbookfull.com/product/characterization-of-mineralsmetals-and-materials-2016-proceedsing-of-a-symposium-sponsoredby-the-materials-characterization-committee-of-the-extractionand-processing-division-of-the-minerals-me/

IAEG AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings San Francisco California 2018 Volume 2 Geotechnical and Environmental Site Characterization Abdul Shakoor

https://textbookfull.com/product/iaeg-aeg-annual-meetingproceedings-san-francisco-california-2018-volume-2-geotechnicaland-environmental-site-characterization-abdul-shakoor/

Brain-Inspired Cognitive Architectures for Artificial Intelligence: BICA*AI 2020: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Meeting of the BICA Society Alexei V. Samsonovich

https://textbookfull.com/product/brain-inspired-cognitivearchitectures-for-artificial-intelligencebicaai-2020-proceedings-of-the-11th-annual-meeting-of-the-bicasociety-alexei-v-samsonovich/

SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS

TheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSeries

Editor

TheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSociety Pittsburgh,PA,USA

ISSN2367-1181ISSN2367-1696(electronic)

TheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSeries

ISBN978-3-030-05860-9ISBN978-3-030-05861-6(eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05861-6

LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018964042

© TheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSociety2019

Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart ofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.

Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.

Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernorthe authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinor foranyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardto jurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.

ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland

PartI2019InternationalMetallurgicalProcessesWorkshop forYoungScholars(IMPROWYS2019)

AbInitioMolecularDynamicsStudyontheDissolutionofInterfacial IronOxidesinHotCompressiveBondingCombinedwith Experiments 3

HonglinZhang,MingyueSun,BinXuandDianzhongLi

EffectofMgOContentonthePropertiesofMagnesia FluxedPellets ........................................ 17

YuzhuZhang,WeixingLiu,AiminYangandJieLi

NumericalSimulationofThree-PhaseFlowofGas-Stirring Micro-phenomenonDuringLadleFurnaceProcess .............. 29 LibinZhu,WeiLiu,ShfuengYang,JingsheLi,FengWang andXueliangZhang

TheEffectofpHandTemperatureDuringCarbonationProcess onSpentDieCleaningSolutionfromAluminium ExtrusionIndustry 39 AhmedS.Aadli

ImprovementofCenterSegregationinContinuouslyCastBlooms byConvexRollSoftReduction ............................ 51 LiangLi,XiaoZhao,PengLan,ZhanpengTie,HaiyanTang andJiaquanZhang

EffectsofaTop-DownFlowonGas–SolidFluidizationState inaBubbleFluidizedBed ................................ 63 XuHan,LiangyingWen,ShengyunShi,WenhuanJiang,MeihuanLiu andFengLu

DevelopmentofBio-treatedOilPalmFiberReinforcedKaolinMatrix CompositesforBuildingBricksApplication

77 MuideenAdebayoBodude,OlasunkanmiB.Adegbuyi andRuthNkirukaNnaji

EffectofRollSurfaceProfileonThermal-MechanicalBehavior ofContinuouslyCastBloominSoftReductionProcess ...........

93 LiangLi,XiaoZhao,PengLan,ZhanpengTie,HaiyanTang andJiaquanZhang

ThermodynamicStudyonSubstitutionofCO2 forArorO2 inAODSmeltingProcess ................................

105 RongyueWang,ZhangfuYuanandXiangtaoYu

PartII2019SymposiumonFunctionalNanomaterials:Synthesis, Integration,andApplicationofEmergingNanomaterials RecentProgressonMetalOxideSemiconductorThinFilmTransistor ApplicationviaAtomicLayerDepositionMethod

115 JiazhenSheng,Jung-HoonLee,Tae-HyunHong,Wan-HoChoi andJin-SeongPark

AdsorptionofFluorideGasesinAluminumProductionbyUsing ofNanotechnology ..................................... 121 MohsenAmeriSiahooeiandKambizBordbari

ExperimentalStudyonCompetitiveAdsorptionofSF6 Decomposed ComponentsonNitrogen-DopedTiO2 NanotubesSensor .......... 137 JunZhang,XiaoxingZhang,HaoCuiandGuoZhiZhang

FabricationofHardystoniteNano-bioceramicCoatingon306L StainlessSteelSubstrateUsingElectrophoreticMethodand EvaluationofItsCorrosionResistancetoImproveMedical Performance 143 ImanBagherpour

FabricationofMonodispersedNeedle-SizedHollowCorePolystyrene Microspheres 155

StanleyO.Omorogbe,EstherU.Ikhuoria,HilaryI.Ifijen,AlineSimo, AireguamenAigbodionandMalikMaaza

Hydrangea-LikeVS4 Microspheres:ANovelStructureMaterialfor High-PerformanceElectrochemicalCapacitorElectrode .......... 165 Zheng-WuPeng,Kai-FengJun,Hong-YiLiandBingXie

PreparationandPropertiesofNovelGrapheneComposites ........ 173 WanlongZhang,HaibinZuo,JingsongWang,YingliLiuandYajieWang

SynthesisandCharacterizationofSilverNanoparticlesUsing SimplePolyolMethod 185

M.TarekandA.M.El-Aziz

PartIIIAdditiveManufacturingandWelding:Physicaland MechanicalMetallurgyofRapidlySolidifiedMetals

DifferentiatingDefectTypesinLENSTM MetalAMviaInSitu PyrometerProcessMonitoring ............................ 197

TomStockman,CalebHoran,CameronKnapp,KevinHenderson, BrianPatterson,JohnCarpenterandJudithSchneider

Laser-AdditiveRepairofCastNi–Al–BronzeComponents 205 XinjinCao,PritiWanjara,JavadGholipourandYuepingWang

ComparativeAustemperingResponseBetweenWeldMetalsofADI WeldmentsWithandWithoutCeriumAddition 217 TapanKumarPalandTapanSarkar

EffectsofBeamOscillationonPorosityandIntermetallicCompounds

FormationofElectronBeamWeldedDP600SteeltoAl-5754Alloy Joints ..............................................

SoumitraKumarDinda,PrakashSrirangamandGourGopalRoy

EffectsofUltrasonicMicro-forgingon304StainlessSteelFabricated byWAAM .......................................... 251

LaiboSun,FengchunJiang,DingYuan,XiaojingSun,YanSu andChunhuanGuo

InterfaceMicrostructuralCharacterizationofTitaniumtoStainless SteelDissimilarFrictionWelds 259 MuralimohanCheepu,V.MuthupandiandWooSeongChe

MechanicalPropertyCharacterizationofSingleScanLaserTracks ofNickelSuperalloy625byNanoindentation 269 JordanS.Weaver,MeirKreitman,JarredC.HeigelandM.AlkanDonmez

MetallurgicalCharacteristicsofLaserPeened17-4PHSSProcessed byLENSTechnique .................................... 279

I.Mathoho,E.T.Akinlabi,N.Arthur,M.TlotlengandB.Masina

PartIVAdditiveManufacturingforEnergyApplications

PrototypingofaLaboratory-ScaleCycloneSeparatorforBiofuel ProductionfromBiomassFeedstocksUsingaFusedDeposition ModelingPrinter ...................................... 289 SamuelHansenandAminMirkouei

PartVAdditiveManufacturingofMetals:Applicationsof SolidificationFundamentals

Phase-FieldModelingofMicrostructureEvolutionofBinary andMulticomponentAlloysDuringSelectiveLaserMelting (SLM)Process ........................................ 301

AliRamazani,JuliaKundin,ChristianHaaseandUlrichPrahl

Phase-FieldSimulationofMicrostructureEvolutioninDirectMetal LaserSinteredAlSi10Mg ................................ 311 HosseinAzizi,NikolasProvatasandMohsenMohammadi

LaserInteractionwithSurfaceinPowderBedMeltingProcessandIts ImpactonTemperatureProfile,BeadandMeltPoolGeometry 319 LeilaLadaniandFaiyazAhsan

EvolutionofaGradientMicrostructureinDirectMetalLaser SinteredAlSi10Mg 331 AmirHadadzadeh,BabakShalchiAmirkhiz,BrianLangelier,JianLi andMohsenMohammadi

FiniteElementAnalysisofParticlePushingDuringSelectiveLaser MeltingofAlSi10Mg/AlNComposites .......................

MarjanNezafati,AliBakhshinejad,BenjaminChurchandPradeepRohatgi

NumericalSimulationontheSingle-CrystalGrainStructure ofGH4169SuperalloySteelintheSpiralGrainSelectorUsing ProcastSoftware ......................................

ZhengChen,Lan’xinGeng,YuYao,YiChengandJieyuZhang

PowderPackingDensityandItsImpactonSLM-BasedAdditive Manufacturing

TaherAbu-Lebdeh,RansfordDamptey,VincentLamberti andSameerHamoush

PartVIAdditiveManufacturingofMetals:FatigueandFractureIII AboutaDigitalTwinfortheFatigueApproachofAdditively ManufacturedComponents ...............................

RainerWagener,MatildeScurriaandThiloBein

EffectoftheSurfaceFinishontheCyclicBehaviorofAdditively ManufacturedAlSi10Mg .................................

MatildeScurria,BenjaminMöller,RainerWagenerandTobiasMelz

EffectofHeatTreatmentsonFatiguePropertiesofTi–6Al–4V and316LProducedbyLaserPowderBedFusioninAs-Built SurfaceCondition

AntonioCutolo,CholaElangeswaran,CharlottedeFormanoir, GokulaKrishnaMuralidharanandBrechtVanHooreweder

FractureToughnessandFatigueStrengthofSelectiveLaserMelted Aluminium–Silicon:AnOverview ..........................

LeonhardHitzler,EnesSert,MarkusMerkel,Andreas Öchsner andEwaldWerner

TheEffectofHeatTreatmentandAlloyingofNi–TiAlloywith CopperonImprovingItsFatigueLife .......................

WisamAbuJadayilandDuaaSerhan

EffectofAddingYttriumontheInclusionModi ficationandImpact ToughnessofE36ShipbuildingSteel 421 XiaojunXi,MaolinYe,ShufengYangandJingsheLi

PartVIIAdditiveManufacturingofMetals:Microstructural EvolutionandPhaseTransformations

InfluenceofNitrogenonMicrostructure,MechanicalProperties andMartensiticPhaseTransformationofCo–26Cr–5Mo–5W AlloysbySelectiveLaserMelting .......................... 433 BoWang,XinglongAn,FeiLiu,MinSong,SongNiandShaojunLiu TheMorphology,Crystallography,andChemistryofPhases inWire-ArcAdditivelyManufacturedNickelAluminumBronze ....

443 ChalasaniDharmendra,AmirHadadzadeh,BabakShalchiAmirkhiz andMohsenMohammadi

MicrostructureEvolutioninDirectMetalLaserSinteredCorrax MaragingStainlessSteel 455 AmirHadadzadeh,BabakShalchiAmirkhiz,JianLi andMohsenMohammadi

TheMicrotextureandTensilePropertiesofContinuous-Waveand Quasi-Continuous-WaveLaserPowder-DepositedInconel718 463 ZhaoyangLiu,QiangZhuandLijunSong

PartVIIIAdditiveManufacturing:MaterialsDesignandAlloy Development

AlloyDesignforBiomedicalApplicationsinAdditive Manufacturing

K.-P.HoyerandM.Schaper

SurfaceInoculationofAluminiumPowdersforAdditive ManufacturingGuidedbyDifferentialFastScanning Calorimetry

LennartTasche,Kay-PeterHoyer,EvgenyZhuravlev,GuidoGrundmeier, MirkoSchaperandOlafKeßler

485

MechanicalBehaviorandMicrostructureofPorousTiUsing TiCasReinforcement ................................... 495

ShiyuanLiu,JianWang,TengfeiLu,GuibaoQiuandHaoCui ProcessingofHaynes® 282® AlloybyLaserPowderBedFusion Technology ..........................................

RobertOtto,VegardBrøtan,AminS.AzarandOlav Åsebø

PartIXAdvancedHigh-StrengthSteelsIII

503

TensileDeformationBehaviorof1GPa-GradeTRIP-Aided Multi-microstructureSteelsStudiedbyInSituNeutron Diffraction 513

NoriyukiTsuchida,TakaakiTanakaandYukiToji

DevelopmentofAdvancedHigh-StrengthSteelsforAutomobile Applications ......................................... 519

FrancysBarrado,TiheZhou,DavidOverby,PeterBadgley, ChrisMartin-Root,SarahZhangandRichZhang

EffectofCarbonContentonStrengtheningBehaviorwithGrain Re finementonLathMartensiteStructure ..................... 529

HiroyukiKawata,YoshiakiHondaandKengoTakeda

AssessmentoftheStrengtheningMechanismsOperating inMicroalloyedSteelsDuringCyclicDeformation UsingHigh-ResolutionElectronBackscatterDiffraction 537

PaulinaLisiecka-Graca,KrzysztofMuszkaandJanuszMajta

EffectofNiobiumonMicrostructureandMechanicalProperties ofNb–TiMicroalloyedCarbide-FreeBainiticSteels 549 XiChen,FumingWang,ChangrongLiandShuaiLiu

EffectofInclusionsModi fiedbyY-BasedRareEarthontheCorrosion BehaviorofEH36ShipbuildingSteel ........................ 561

MaolinYe,XiaojunXi,LibinZhu,ShufengYangandJingsheLi

MicrostructureandMechanicalPropertiesofIntercriticalAnnealed MultiphaseUltrahighStrengthSteel ........................ 571

HuasaiLiu,XiangyuLi,ChunqianXieandYunHan

TheEffectofNiandCuAdditiononMechanicalBehaviorof ThermomechanicallyControlledProcessedHSLAX100Steels 579 A.R.HosseiniFar,S.H.MousaviAnijdanandM.Abbasi

PartXAdvancedMagneticMaterialsforEnergyandPower ConversionApplications

OptimizationofMagnetocaloricPropertiesofBall-Milled La(Fe,Co,Si)13(H,C)y .................................... 593 V.Paul-Boncour,K.NakouriandL.Bessais

ProductionofHigh-ResistivityElectricalSteelAlloysbySubstitution ofSiwithAlandCr 599 BrhayanStivenPuentesRodriguez,DavidBrice,JamesB.Mann, SrinivasanChandrasekarandKevinTrumble

NanocrystallineMultifunctionalPr–CoCompounds 607 W.Bouzidi,T.Bartoli,A.Michalowicz,J.Moscovici,N.Mliki andL.Bessais

PartXIAdvancedMicroelectronicPackaging,Emerging InterconnectionTechnology,andPb-freeSolder

AStudyonElectricalConductivityofMicroFrictionStir-Welded DissimilarSheetsforHybridElectricVehicles(HEVs) ............ 619

OmkarMypati,SurjyaKantaPalandPrakashSrirangam

Micro-structureandPropertiesofCu–0.3wt%AgAlloy Ultra-FineWires 629

Shu-senWang,Yuan-wangZhangandDa-weiYao

LengthScaleoftheCellularMicrostructureTailoringTensile PropertiesofZn–20wt%Sn–2wt%CuSolderAlloy 637 CesarBertolindosSantosMangualde,RodrigoValenzuelaReyes andJosé EduardoSpinelli

EffectofAgontheMechanicalPropertiesofBi–AgSolderAlloys bytheSingle-LapShearTestMethod 645 NimaGhamarian,M.A.AzmahHanim,M.Nahavandi,AliOurdjini, ZulkarnainZainalandH.N.Lim

PartXIIAdvancesinComputationalMethodsforDamage MechanicsandFailurePhenomena

ParametricallyHomogenizedContinuumDamageMechanics (PHCDM)ModelsforCompositesfromMicromechanical Analysis 657

XiaofanZhang,ZhiyeLi,DanielJ.O’BrienandSomnathGhosh

EffectofMulti-gatingSystemonSolidi ficationofMoltenMetals inSpurGearCasting:ASimulationApproach 667

EnesiY.Salawu,EmuowhochereOghenevwegba,OluseyiO.Ajayi, A.O.Inegbenebor,E.T.AkinlabiandS.T.Akinlabi

PartXIIIAdvancesinSurfaceEngineering

CorrosionStudyofBoronNitrideNanosheetsDepositedonCopper MetalbyElectrophoreticDeposition ........................ 681 MohsinAliRaza,AmerNadeemandMuhammadTasaduqIlyas

EffectsofProcessParametersontheZirconiaCoatingPrepared bySol-GelandElectrodepositionProcess 687 JianDong,YanhuiSun,BingshengDou,FeiyuHe,HongtaoHuang andJianpingZhen

TheStudyofSlurryErosionWearBehaviourofCoalBottomAsh SlurryHandlingPipeline 697

SatishR.More,SudeepP.Ingole,DhananjayV.Bhatt andJyotiV.Menghani

WearCharacterizationofCementedCarbideMultipointCuttingTool MachiningAISI4140atHighCuttingSpeed:CriteriaforMaterials Selection ............................................ 711

FedericoSimoneGobber,ElisaFracchiaandMarioRosso DrySheetMetalFormingThroughSelectiveOxidized ToolSurfaces ........................................ 719

Bernd-ArnoBehrens,DenizYilkiran,SimonSchöler,SvenHübner, KaiMöhwaldandFahrettin Özkaya

EffectofProcessParametersonSurfaceProperties ofLaser-HardenedCastIron 733

S.V.Wagh,SudeepIngole,D.V.Bhatt,J.V.MenghaniandM.J.Rathod

OnImprovementinSurfaceIntegrityof µ-EDMedTi–6Al–4VAlloy by µ-ECMProcess 745 Ramver,AkshayDvivediandPradeepKumar

CorrosionandWearResistanceofPTFE-Al2O3 CoatingsDeposited onAluminumAlloybyaMicroblastingProcess ................ 755

A.M.Oladoye,J.G.Carton,A.Baroutaji,M.Obeidi,J.Stokes, B.TwomeyandA.G.Olabi

PartXIVAlgorithmDevelopmentinMaterialsScience andEngineering

NumericalSimulationofTi6–Al4–VAlloyDiffusionBondingProcess BasedonMolecularDynamics 765 XiaogangLiu,YongjiZuoandHaidingGuo

PartXVAlloysandCompoundsforThermoelectricandSolarCell ApplicationsVII

CustomPyrolyticGraphite–SteelThermocouple forHigh-TemperatureMeasurements 781 Abdul-SommedHadiandBryceE.Hill

PartXVIBiologicalMaterialsScience

3DContactandStraininAlveolarBoneUnderTooth/Implant Loading 793 YuxiaoZhou,ChujieGong,MehranHossaini-ZadehandJingDu

Shear-PunchTestingofHumanCranialBoneandSurrogate Materials ............................................ 799

A.D.Brown,C.A.Gunnarsson,K.A.Rafaels,S.Alexander, T.A.PlaistedandT.Weerasooriya

InvestigationofBiodegradableZn–Li–CuAlloysforOrthopaedic andCardiovascularApplications ........................... 809 JacobYoungandRamanaG.Reddy

Low-TemperatureAirPlasmaModifi cationofElectrospunSoft MaterialsandBio-interfaces 819 BernabeS.Tucker,RanuSurolia,PaulA.Baker,YogeshVohra, VeenaAntonyandVinoyThomas

AccumulationofBiofilmonTi–6Al–4VAlloyFabricatedUsing AdditiveLayerManufacturing 827 MariKoike,TetsuroHorie,RichardJ.MitchellandToruOkabe

CopperRecoveryfromPrintedCircuitBoardsfromSmartphones ThroughBioleaching ................................... 837 LidianeMariadeAndrade,CarlosGonzaloAlvarezRosario, MarianaAlvesdeCarvalho,DeniseCrocceRomanoEspinosa andJorgeAlbertoSoaresTenório

DependenceoftheFerrovanadiumPowerasAdditive onMechanicalPropertyinPorousTi ....................... 845 GuibaoQiu,JianWang,ShiyuanLiu,ChenguangBaiandYilongLiao

EffectofCompactionPressureonPorosityandMechanicalProperties ofPorousTitaniumasBoneSubstituteMaterials 855

QingjuanLi,GuibaoQiu,ShiyuanLiuandTengfeiLu

TheEffectofMillingTimeonStructural,FrictionandWear BehaviorofHotIsostaticallyPressedTi–NiAlloysforOrthopedic Applications ......................................... 865

MamounFellah,NaouelHezil,MohammedAbdulSamad, MohamedZineTouhami,AlexMontagne,AlainIost,AlbertoMejias andStephaniaKossman

PartXVIIBulkMetallicGlassesXVI

PerturbationAnalysisofAmorphousAlloyFormation 879 RahulBasu

ShockwaveConsolidationtoCreateBulkMetallicGlass 887 DavidNemir,JanBeck,LawrenceMurr,YirongLinandLuisChavez

PartXVIIICeramicMaterialsforNuclearEnergyResearch andApplications

CharacterizationoftheIrradiationEffectsinNuclearGraphite ..... 901 J.DavidArregui-Mena,PhilipD.Edmondson,RobertN.Worth, CristianContescu,TimothyD.BurchellandYutaiKatoh IrradiationEffectsonReactorConcreteStructures .............. 907 J.DavidArregui-Mena,AlainB.Giorla,G.E.Jellison, ElenaTajuelo-Rodriguez,ChristaE.Torrence,MasakiKawai,YannLe PapeandThomasM.Rosseel

PartXIXCoatingsandSurfaceEngineeringforEnvironmental Protection

ElectrochemicalMechanismandPreparationofCr–Low-Carbon SteelCompositeinaNaCl–KCl–NaF–Cr2O3 MoltenSalt 915 ShixianZhang,YungangLi,CongWangandXiaopingZhao

Diamond-LikeCarbonCoatingforDrillCollars: TestExperiences ...................................... 927 NaushaAsrarandJeffreyHam

InhibitionEffectofEssentialOilExtractsontheCorrosionInhibition ofMildSteelinChloride–SulphateMedia .................... 939 RolandTolulopeLoto,RichardLeramoandBabatundeOyebade

CorrosionPropertiesofSteelSheetwithZinc-Base AlloyCoatings 949 GuangruiJiang,GuanghuiLiu,TingShangandWanlingQiu

EffectofHeatTreatmentontheLocalizedCorrosionResistance ofS32101DuplexStainlessSteelinChloride/SulphateMedia ....... 959 RolandTolulopeLoto,CleophasAkintoyeLoto,AkanjiOlaitan andOlufunmilolaJoseph

StudyofMechanismsofCobaltElectrodepositionbyMeans ofPotentiodynamicPolarizationCurves ...................... 967 M.Ohba,T.Scarazzato,D.C.R.Espinosa,J.A.S.Tenório andZ.Panossian

PartXXComputationalApproachesforBigData,Arti ficial IntelligenceandUncertaintyQuanti ficationin ComputationalMaterialsScience

Arti ficialIntelligentandSimulationNanostructureofCeramic 979 HabibollahAminirastabi,FatemehKarimidehcheshmehandGouliJi

PartXXIComputationalThermodynamicsandKinetics

KineticsCalculationandAnalysisofAlNPrecipitationinML40Cr SteelAustenite ........................................ 997

ZiyiLiu,YanpingBaoandMinWang

StudyofDendriteGrowthUnderForcedConvection inSuperalloySolidi ficationbyMultiphase-FieldCoupledLattice BoltzmannMethod 1007 CongYang,QingyanXuandBaichengLiu

ModelingofVolumeDiffusion-ControlledPhaseTransformations inMultiphaseMulticomponentAlloySystemsbyMinimization ofGibbsEnergy 1019 AndersSalwén

ANewMethodforCalculationofVapor–LiquidEquilibrium(VLE) ofAu–CuAlloySystem ................................. 1027 LingxinKong,JingbaoGao,JunjieXu,BaoqiangXu,BinYang andYifuLi

AbInitioStudyontheOxidationMechanismofMillerite ......... 1037 XiaoluXiong,XionggangLu,GuangshiLi,HongweiCheng,QianXu andShenggangLi

KineticModelofSilicaDissolutioninCaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3 SlagSystem 1045

HaifeiAn,JieLi,AiminYang,WeixingLiuandCanTian

PartXXIIDeformationandDamageBehaviorofHigh TemperatureAlloys

OriginoftheSigni ficantImpactofTaontheCreepResistance ofFeCrNiAlloys 1057 D.Magne,X.SauvageandM.Couvrat

StressAnalysisandStructureOptimizationofW-ShapedRadiant TubeinContinuousAnnealingFurnace ...................... 1067 YangLongLi,ShunMingLiu,DaWeiHou,WeiGuo,HuiWang andMengYu

PartXXIIIEffectiveBusinessImprovementMethodologiesforthe Minerals,Metals,andMaterialsIndustries

CaseStudiesofContinuousImprovementProjects intheMetalsIndustry 1079 CynthiaBelt

PartXXIVEnvironmentallyAssistedCracking:Theory andPractice

FractureMechanics-BasedStudyofStressCorrosionCracking ofSS304DryStorageCanisterforSpentNuclearFuel ........... 1089 LeonardiTjayadi,NileshKumarandKorukondaL.Murty

SimilarandDissimilarMetalWeldFailuresinHydrocracking ServiceataRefinery ................................... 1099

SudhakarMahajanam,CesarEspinozaandYennyCubides

InfluenceofTemperingTreatmentonPrecipitationBehavior, Microstructure,DislocationDensityandHydrogen-InducedDuctility LossinHigh-VanadiumHot-RolledX80PipelineSteel 1111 LongfeiLi,BoSong,ZeyunCai,ZhenLiuandXiaokangCui

PartXXVFatigueinMaterials:Multi-ScaleandMulti-Environment CharacterizationsandComputationalModeling

InitiationandEarlyGrowthofFatigueCracks ................. 1125 JaroslavPolák

PartXXVIFreezeLinings:MythandReality

InfluenceofCaO/SiO2/Al2O3 RatioontheMeltingBehaviour ofSynConSlags 1139

DominikHofer,StefanLuidold,TobiasBeckmann andFrankSchulenburg

FreezeLiningRefractoriesinNon-ferrousTSLSmeltingSystems 1149 StankoNikolic,BenHoggandPaulVoigt

Freeze-LiningFormationinSubmergedArcFurnacesProducing FerrochromeAlloyinSouthAfrica 1161

JoaletDaleneSteenkamp,QuinnGarethReynolds,MarkusWouterErwee andStefanSwanepoel

DesigningFurnaceLining/CoolingSystemstoOperate withaCompetentFreezeLining ........................... 1181

HugoJoubertandIsobelMcDougall

PartXXVIIGeneralPosterSession

CorrosionResistanceofHotDippingAl–Zn–SiandZn–Al–Mg–Si AlloyCoating 1199

HuiLi,JinglongLiang,DongbinWangandYungangLi PerformanceofLow-Cost3DPrintedPyloninLowerLimb ProstheticDevice 1207

FariborzTavangarian,CamilaProanoandCalebZolko

SequentialLeachingCharacteristicsofChromiuminAOD Slag-BasedCementitiousMaterials ......................... 1217

Ya-JunWang,Jun-GuoLi,Ya-NanZengandXiao-YuLi

StudyontheReactionBehaviorofHydrochloric-Acid-Containing TitaniumBlastFurnaceSlag .............................. 1227

JinglongLiang,HuiLi,JingWang,DongbinWang,RamanaG.Reddy andYuYang

ThermodynamicandKineticAnalysisofInhomogeneous DistributionofSoluteonPrecipitationsinasCastNb–V–Ti MicroalloyedSteel 1237 Ya-NanZeng,Jun-GuoLiandYa-JunWang

PartXXVIIIHeterogeneousandGradientMaterials(HGMIII): TailoringMechanicalIncompatibilityforSuperior Properties

RadiationandCorrosionResistancesof316LNAusteniticStainless SteelbyRotationallyAcceleratedShotPeening ................. 1251 BinYang,XudongChen,YuntianZhuandYushengLi

PartXXIXHighEntropyAlloysVII

ANovelDual-PhaseGradientMaterialofHigh-EntropyAlloy PreparedbySparkPlasmaSintering 1263 WeiZhang,MingyangZhang,FangzhouLiu,YingboPeng,SonghaoHu andYongLiu

MolecularDynamicsSimulationsontheMechanicalBehavior ofAlCoCrCu0.5FeNiHigh-EntropyAlloyNanopillars ............ 1271 WeiLi,JingTang,QingyuanWangandHaidongFan

ProductionofAlCoCrFeNiME-BasedHigh-EntropyAlloysvia Self-PropagatingHigh-TemperatureSynthesis ................. 1281 MuratAlkan,EsraDokumaci,BerkayTürkoglu,AslihanKara,BüsraAksu andDilanUgurluer

PartXXXICMEEducationinMaterialsScienceandMechanical Engineering

ICMEAppliedintheUndergraduateCapstoneSenior DesignSequence 1291 PaulSanders

PartXXXIInterfacesinStructuralMaterials:AnMPMD SymposiuminHonorofStephenM.Foiles EffectofaVerticalTwinBoundaryontheMechanicalProperty ofBicrystallineCopperMicropillars ........................ 1305 DeAnWei,HaidongFan,JingTangandXuZhang

PartXXXIIMaterialsforMoltenSaltEnergySystems

EffectofNiontheCorrosionBehaviorofHaynes230Alloy inMgCl2-KClSalt 1313 YuxiangPengandRamanaG.Reddy

PartXXXIIIMechanicalBehaviorofNuclearReactorComponents

TheStudyofMechanicalBehaviourofMaterialsfortheNuclear ReactorComponentsinSUSENHotCells .................... 1325 MariiaZimina,Petr Švrčula,PavelZháňal,OndřejLibera, StefanZaunschirmandOndřejSrba

InvestigationofRadiationTemperatureandStrainingTemperature EffectsontheScrewDislocationMobilityEvolutioninIrradiated FerriticGrainsUsing3DDislocationDynamics 1335 YangLi,ChristianRobertson,XianfengMaandBiaoWang

PartXXXIVMechanicalBehaviorRelatedtoInterface PhysicsIII

MechanicalPropertiesofAmorphousSiliconNanoparticles 1347 D.Kilymis,C.GerardandL.Pizzagalli

PartXXXVModelingandSimulationofCompositeMaterials

MolecularDynamicsSimulationoftheStructureandTransport PropertiesofxKF–yNaF–zAlF3 ............................ 1357

JieLi,HuiGuo,HongliangZhang,RuCaiLi,QiyuWang,JingkunWang andTianshuangLi

PartXXXVIPhaseStability,PhaseTransformations,andReactive PhaseFormationinElectronicMaterialsXVIII

MicrostructureEvolutionandPhysicsPropertiesofLowSilver CopperAlloyWiresDuringInSituCompositePreparation 1373 Yuan-wangZhang,Shu-senWangandDa-weiYao

PartXXXVIIPhaseTransformationsandMicrostructural Evolution

HeatTreatmentStrategiestoImprovetheQuasi-StaticandDynamic PerformanceofAlpha+BetaTitaniumAlloys ................. 1383 AlirezaFadaviBoostani,ShirazMujahid,AndrewL.Oppedal, CoryKrivanec,WilburnR.Whittington,PaulG.Allison, JishnuJ.Bhattacharyya,SeanAgnewandHaithamElKadiri

EffectofSiliconContentontheDilatometricBehavior ofaMedium-CarbonSteel 1389

A.I.GallegosPérez,O.VázquezGómez,J.J.LópezSoria,H.J.Vergara HernándezandE.LópezMartínez

Phase-FieldSimulationofIntermetallicPhasePrecipitation inaHigh-AlAlloyedLightweightHigh-StrengthSteel 1401 CarstenDrouven,BowenZou,WenwenSongandWolfgangBleck

ShapeMemoryBehaviorofNi49.5Ti50.5 Processing-Induced StrainGlassAlloys ..................................... 1411

RobertW.Wheeler,JesseSmith,NathanA.Ley,AnitGiri andMarcusL.Young

PrecipitationHardeningofSupersaturatedAl–Sc–ZrProduced viaMelt-Spinning ..................................... 1421 YangYangandPaulSanders

EffectofSmContentandSolidi ficationRateonMicrostructure ofSmFeAlloy 1427

KunLiu,ShuhuanWang,YunliFen,ChunyanSong,GuolongNi andKaixuanZhang

EvolutionofDendriticMorphologyUnderHPMOTreatment ...... 1437 Hui-chengLi,Yu-xiangLiu,ZhenLiuandQi-jieZhai

InSituObservationofMeltingand d $ c PhaseTransformation inDuplexStainlessSteel ................................. 1447 YangLiuandYan-huiSun

MicrostructuralEvolutionofaTransformationinWhichThere IsanExclusionZoneAroundEachNucleus 1459 PauloR.Rios,HarisonS.Ventura,André L.M.Alves,WeslleyL.S.Assis andElenaVilla

ThermodynamicPropertiesofSi–BAlloysDeterminedbySolid-State HeterogeneousPhaseEquilibrium 1471 MuhammadA.ImamandRamanaG.Reddy

PartXXXVIIIPowderProcessingofBulkNanostructured Materials

MicrostructureEvolutionandMechanicalPropertiesofMedical MaterialMg–3ZnAlloyPreparedbySemi-solidPowderInjection Moulding ........................................... 1483

XiaLuo,ChaoFang,ZhouFan,BenshengHuangandJunYang

InhomogeneityofStraininMetalParticulatesProduced byModulation-AssistedMachining 1499 IndraniBiswas,JamesB.Mann,SrinivasanChandrasekar andKevinTrumble

NumericalSimulationandValidationofGasandMolten MetalFlowsinClose-CoupledGasAtomization 1507 F.Hernandez,T.Riedemann,J.Tiarks,B.Kong,J.D.Regele,T.Ward andI.E.Anderson

DensitySeparationofMixedCarbideColloidsviaStanding WavePhysics ........................................ 1521 TreninK.Bayless,JeromeP.Downey,GrantC.Wallace andMarkD’Aberle

TheInfluenceofMechanicalActivationontheSynthesis ofCa2MgSi2O7 ....................................... 1533 FariborzTavangarianandCalebZolko

PartXXXIXRecentAdvancesinFunctionalMaterialsand2D/3D ProcessingforSensorsandElectronicApplications

3DPrintingofPolymer-BasedGasochromic,Thermochromic andPiezochromicSensors 1545

PatrickDzisah,AirefetaloSadohandNuggehalliM.Ravindra

3DPrintingofPharmaceuticalsandTransdermalDrug Delivery AnOverview ................................. 1563

DavidBird,EmelEkerandNuggehalliM.Ravindra

FormulationofCurableResinsUtilizedinStereolithography ....... 1575

DavidBird,ElbertCaravaca,JosephLaquidara,KeithLuhmann andNuggehalliM.Ravindra

MARS––MagneticAugmentedRotationSystem 1589 VishwasDanthiShivaram,RouleiLiu,NavjotPanchhi,LailaAlqarni, RayanDaroowalla,ShuangDu,YanLiu,TienSeeChow andNuggehalliM.Ravindra

PartXLRecentDevelopmentsinBiological,Structural andFunctionalThinFilmsandCoatings

FrictionConditionsonDeep-DrawingToolRadiiWhenUsingVolatile MediaasLubricationSubstitute ........................... 1603 GerdReichardtandMathiasLiewald

InvestigationofFrictionandAdhesionBehaviorofTextured WorkpiecesandCoatedToolsUnderDryTribologicalContact ..... 1615

RafaelHild,RobbyMannens,DanielTrauth,PatrickMattfeld, ThomasBergs,DennisC.Hoffmann,NathanC.Kruppe, TobiasBrögelmannandKirstenBobzin

EffectsofEmissivityonCombustionBehaviorofEnergetic Materials 1629

ElbertCaravaca,DavidBird,HenryGrau,ViralPanchal andNuggehalliM.Ravindra

Self-healinginMaterials:AnOverview ...................... 1643 SamihaHossainandNuggehalliM.Ravindra

PartXLISolidificationProcessingofLightMetalsandAlloys: AnMPMDSymposiuminHonorofDavidStJohn RevealingtheHeterogeneousNucleationandGrowthBehaviour ofGrainsinInoculatedAluminiumAlloysDuringSolidi fication ..... 1665 YijiangXu,DanieleCasari,RagnvaldH.MathiesenandYanjunLi

InfluenceofMicrostructureEvolutionDuringTwin-RollCasting onthePropertiesofMagnesiumSheets 1677

K.U.Kainer,G.Kurz,S.PakulatandD.Letzig

AHistoryoftheGlobalLightMetalsAlliance 1687 JenniferJackman,KumarSadayappanandMarkEaston

AnalysisoftheHigh-PurityAluminumPurificationProcess

UsingZone-RefiningTechnique ............................ 1697

HeliWan,BaoqiangXu,JinyangZhao,BinYangandYongnianDai

AuthorIndex ............................................... 1707

SubjectIndex ............................................... 1715

2019InternationalMetallurgicalProcesses WorkshopforYoungScholars (IMPROWYS2019)

AbInitioMolecularDynamicsStudy ontheDissolutionofInterfacialIron

OxidesinHotCompressiveBonding CombinedwithExperiments

HonglinZhang,MingyueSun,BinXuandDianzhongLi

Abstract Basedonexperimentalobservation,abinitiomoleculardynamicswas usedtoinvestigatethedissolutionofinterfacialironoxidesinhotcompressivebonding(HCB).Thesurfaceanalysisindicatedthattherewasreoxidationattheunclosed ironsurfaceduringthesampleheatinginHCB.Thebondingofpre-oxidizediron wasdesignedtoverifythedissolutionofironoxidesintomatrix.Twomodelswere proposedtounderstandthedissolutionbehaviorwithdynamicsimulations.ModelI wasappliedtothecasewithbondinginterfacebetweenoxidesandmatrix,inwhich periodicalinterfacestructureofFe3 O4 /BCC-Fewasconstructed.Thedissolutionof Fe3 O4 containedtheinitialstructuraldissociationandthediffusionoffreeoxygen andironatomsintomatrix.Itwasfoundthatthediffusivityofironwashigherthan oxygen.ModelIIwithembeddedstructureofoxideclusterwasproposedtounderstandtheinitialdissolutionofironoxideparticlesinthematrix.Themeansquare displacement(MSD)resultssuggestedthatthelocalstrainmaypromotetheprocess byincreasingthemobilityofoxygen.AndtheBaderchargeanalysisimpliedthatthe electroncontributionofironmatrixanditstransfertothedissociatedatomsplaysa keyroleintheinitialdissolutionofinterfacialironoxides.

Keywords Hotcompressivebonding · Interfacialoxides · Dissolutionbehavior · Abinitiomoleculardynamics

H.Zhang M.Sun B.Xu D.Li

ShenyangNationalLaboratoryforMaterialsScience,InstituteofMetalResearch, ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shenyang110016,China

H.Zhang

SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,UniversityofScience andTechnologyofChina,Hefei230026,China

M.Sun(B) B.Xu

KeyLaboratoryofNuclearMaterialsandSafetyAssessment, InstituteofMetalResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences, Shenyang110016,China

e-mail: mysun@imr.ac.cn

©TheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSociety2019

TheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSociety(ed.), TMS2019148th AnnualMeeting&ExhibitionSupplementalProceedings,TheMinerals, Metals&MaterialsSeries, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05861-6_1

Introduction

Asaconventionaljoiningtechnology,diffusionbonding(DB)hasbeenwidelyused inindustrialmanufacturing[1, 2].Recently,basedontheprinciplesofDB,hotcompressivebonding(HCB)hasbeenusedinjoiningmetalssuchassteelsandsuper alloys[3, 4].Althoughthereisanapplicationofplasticdeformationatelevated temperature(usuallyhigherthanDB),someadversefactorsstillimpedthemetallurgicalbondingprocess,especially,fortheoxidescalesonthemetalsurface[5]. Normally,inadditiontothenativeoxidelayer,thereoxidationofbondingsurface mayhappenduringtheheatingstage[6].Subsequently,theoxidesexistingatthe bondinginterfaceareregardedasabarrierofatomicdiffusionandthemigration ofdislocations[5].Therefore,theevolutionofinterfacialoxidesanditsimpacton thebondingstrengthhavebeenwidelyinvestigated.Zhuetal.[7]investigatedthe effectofoxidationlevelontheshearpropertyofhot-rolledstainlesssteelcladplate, foundthatthelow-oxidizedcladdinginterfacewasimportantforobtainingthehighpropertycladplates.Koyamaetal.[8]observedthatinterfacialfineoxideoftin disappearedandgranularoxidecoalescedwiththeriseofbondingtemperatureand pressure,whichobviouslyincreasedthejointstrength.Recently,Sridharanetal. [9]directlydetectedtheelementsdistributionatFe–Albondinginterfacethrough atomprobetomography,andverifiedoxidedissolutionthroughtheobservationof non-equilibriumcolossalsupersaturationofoxygen.

Comparably,therewerefewstudiesfocusingontheremovalmechanismofinterfacialoxidesindiffusionbonding.Takahashietal.[10]presentedtwodiffusion modelstoexplainthedissolutionprocessofsurfaceoxideoncopperandtitanium. Besides,reductionmechanismwasproposedwithrespecttoaluminiumalloys[11], whereinthestablefilmsofAl2 O3 couldreactwithmagnesiumandtransformto fineparticlesofAl2 MgO4 .However,tothebestofourknowledge,thereisalack ofinvestigationoftheinteractionandmasstransferbetweeninterfacialoxidesand matrixattheatomicscale.TheexperimentalcharacterizationanddynamicsimulationarecombinedtoinvestigatethedissolutionbehaviorofironoxideattheHCB interface.Firstly,thesurfacefilmofpureironwasidentifiedbyX-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)andX-raydiffraction(XRD).Thentheevolutionofinterfacial oxidesintheHCBspecimenwasobservedbyopticalmicroscope(OM).Furthermore,abinitiomoleculardynamics(AIMD)basedondensityfunctionalstheory (DFT)isadoptedtosimulatetheinitialevolutionstepsoftheoxideanditsreaction mechanismwithmatrix.Twomodelsaregiventofacilitatetheunderstandingofhow interfacialoxidesareremoved.

Methodology

Thematerialinthisworkwaspureironwiththechemicalcompositionof 0.003%C–0.04%Mn–0.002%P–0.002%S.Aftercutting,mechanicalfraying,and polishing;thinironfoilswiththicknessof0.5mmwereoxidizedfor48hinair.

Fig.1 Schematicdiagrams: a specimensofHCB-1, b specimensofHCB-2, c HCBprocess, d processroutesofHCB-1andHCB-2

Thenthefoilsweresubjectedtoisothermalheattreatmentat1200°Cfor1hinvacuumwith0.1–0.01torr.AndthesurfaceanalyseswereimplementedonEscab-250 XPSspectrometerintheconstantanalysermodeatpassenergyof100eVwithastep sizeof1eV,whiletheparametersforhighresolutionspectrawereselectedas50eV and0.1eV,respectively.Theobtainedhigh-resolutionXPSspectrawerefittedusing thesoftwareXPSPEAK4.1.

InHCBexperiments,first,thenormalbondingspecimens(Fig. 1a)weremechanicallyfrayedtoremovetheoxidescales.Meanwhile,thespecimenswithrectangular notchweremachinedasillustratedinFig. 1b.Andtheywerepreoxidizedinfurnace at200°Cfor2h.Thenthebondingsurfacewasfrayedexceptforthenotch.Thetype ofsurfaceoxidewasidentifiedbyXRD(CuKα radiation,stepsize:0.04°,scanrang: 28°–68°).Subsequently,bothofthemwereholdinGleeble-3500thermalsimulator asdepictedinFig. 1c.Thegivenvacuumdegreewasintherangeof0.1–0.01torr. TheHCBprocessroutesindetailweregiveninFig. 1d,HCB-1wasimplementedto jointhenormalspecimensinordertoobservethetypicalinterfacialmicrostructure. Inaddition,HCB-2ofpreoxidizedspecimenswasdesignedtoavailablyobserve theevolutionofinterfacialironoxides.Thefinalbondedsampleswerecutalong thedirectionverticaltotheinterface.Afterbeingmechanicallypolishedandetched with10vol.%nital,theinterfacialmicrostructurewasobservedonAxioVert.A1 microscope,andthethicknessofoxidefilmwasstatisticallymeasured.

AIMDsimulationswerecarriedoutbyusing Vienna AbInitio Simulation Package (VASP)[12].Thegeneralizedgradientapproximation(GGA)withinthe Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof(PBE)parameterizationschemefortheexchange–correlationfunctionwasadopted.Tosavethecomputationalcost,aMonkhorst–Packgrid of1 × 1×1kpointssamplingandplane-wavecutoffenergyof400eVwereselected. Andthetimestepwassetas1.0fswithinthecanonical(NVT)ensembleataconstant temperatureof1500KcontrolledbyNose–Hooverthermostats[13, 14].Basedon theexperimentalresults,twointerfacialoxidesmodelswereproposedandusedto

simulatetheevolutionprocessofinterfacialironoxidestounderstandthedissolutionmechanism.Thedetailsaboutmodelconstructionweregiveninthefollowing section.

ResultsandDiscussion

TheAnalysisofSurfaceFilm

InHCBprocess,thevacuumdegreeoftheambientenvironmentplaysakeyroleinthe removalofsurfaceoxidefilm.Figure 2 showsthedepthprofileofthecompositionof surfacefilmunderdifferentconditions.Thecontentofoxygenishigheraftertheheat treatmentat1200°Cinvacuum.Besides,thecontentofoxygenrapidlydecreases from70at.%to20at.%before100s,andthenitsdescendingrateslowsdown. Basedontheetchingrateof0.1nm/s,thethicknessofthefilmisabout10nm, whichisinagreementwiththeresultsreportedbySewell[15].Furthermore,the curvefittingoftheFe2ppeakinthefilmispresentedinFig. 3 toidentifythetype andcontentofsurfaceoxides.Itshouldbenotedthatsincethereductioneffectof Ar+ ,theproportionofhigh-valenceironoxidemaybeunderestimated.Hereonly theoutmostsurfaceandthelayerof2nmindepthweremeasured.Theresultingfit suggeststhereisamixofiron,Fe3 O4, andFe2 O3 intheoutmostsurface(Fig. 3a), whilethereareprimarilyFe3 O4 andironpeakswhenthesurfaceisfurtheretchedto thedepthof2nm(Fig. 3b).Afterheattreatmentinvacuum,thecontentofFe3 O4 increasesfrom52.1%to75.2%asshowninFig. 3c.Andmoreironphaseisidentified atthelayerof2nmindepth(Fig. 3d).Theaboveresultimpliesthattheironsurface canbereoxidizedinthepresentvacuumdegree.Theoxygenpartialpressureunder theconditionallowstheformationofFeOat1200°C.Anditcanbetransformed toFe3 O4 whenthetemperatureisbelow570°CbasedontheFe–Ophasediagram, whichleadstothehighercontentofFe3 O4 .Basedonthat,consideringthesame givenvacuumdegreeinHCBprocess,theunclosedironsurfacecanbereoxidized duringtheheatingperiod.

HCBInterfacialMicrostructureofPureIron

InFig. 4a,therearefineanduniformequiaxedgrainsthematrixofas-receivediron. AfterHCB-1processwithoutholding,thebondinginterfacecanbefoundatthe centerofthesample,andthereareelongatedinhomogeneousgrainsdistributednear theinterface,asshowninFig. 4b.Andapartofgrainsmigratesacrosstheinterface, leavingthemicrovoidswrappedinsidethem.Thisphenomenonindicatesthatthere isdynamicrecrystallization(DRX)inthematrixonthebothsidesoftheinterface

Fig.2 Depthprofileofthemaincompositionelementsfortheironsurfacefilm

Fig.3 Fe2phighresolutionfittedpeaksfor: a theutmostsurfaceinnativecondition, b thelayer of2nmindepthinnativecondition, c theutmostsurfaceafterheattreatment, d thelayerof2nm indepthafterheattreatment

Fig.4 Opticalmicrographsshowsthesamplemicrostructureof: a as-receivedstate, b afterHCB-1 process, c afterHCB-2withoutholding, d afterHCB-2withholdingof1h, e afterHCB-2with holdingof3h, f afterHCB-2withholdingof6h

[16].Thevoidscangraduallyvanishwiththevolumediffusionofatoms[5],andthe finalsoundmetallurgicalbondingisachieved.

BasedontheanalysisofthesurfacefilmandthemicrostructureofHCB-1,it isdifficulttoexperimentallyobservetheevolutionofironoxides.Therefore,the followingpresentstheresultsofHCB-2withpreoxidizedspecimens.Figure 4cshows theopticalmicrostructureofthesandwichstructureofmatrix/oxidefilm/matrixafter HCB-2process.Thereisanobviouscrackinsidetheoxidefilmduetothedeformation stress,andthebrokenoxidesparticlescanalsobeobserved.Duetotheobstacleof oxidefilm,onlyafewmatrixgrainsextrudealongtheabovecrack.Afterholding at1200°Cfor1h(Fig. 4d),theinterfacesgraduallybecomestraight,whilethe crackstillexists.Andnewlyformedfinegrainsappearattheupperinterfaceand thegrainextrusionbecomesobviousatthelowerinterfacewiththetime(Fig. 4e). Afterholdingfor6h,theaveragethicknessofoxidefilmdecreasesfrom11.9to 9.6 μm,anditturnstobediscontinuousasshowninFig. 4f.Although,theoxide filmdoesnotdisappear,theaboveresultsuggeststhedissolutionoftheinterfacial oxidefilmat1200°C.Inaddition,asshowninFig. 5,theXRDresultsindicatethe mainoxidephaseofthefilmisFe3 O4 afterthesurfacebeingpreoxidizedfor2h. Furthermore,basedontheaboveexperimentalcharacterization,AIMDsimulations havebeencarriedoutasfollowstoinvestigatethedissolutionofinterfacialiron oxidesattheatomicscale.

Another random document with no related content on Scribd:

[618] The Argyllshire highlanders had joined Huske at Falkirk on January 16th, and were present at the battle the following day Their colonel was John Campbell, younger, of Mamore (1723-1806) In 1745 he was lieut -colonel of the 54th Regiment, but he commanded the Argyll Highlanders (militia) throughout the Scottish campaign, and was present at Falkirk and Culloden He succeeded his father (see ante, p 259) as 5th Duke of Argyll, 1770 He is best known to fame as the husband of the beautiful Elizabeth Gunning, widow of the 6th Duke of Hamilton, and as the host of Dr. Johnson and Boswell at Inverary in 1773.

[619] At Prestonpans (21st September) seventy-seven officers were taken prisoners Some of these were allowed entire freedom on parole, but a large portion of them had been interned in Perthshire: they were kindly treated, and had given their parole In December a considerable number had been removed to Glamis Castle, in Forfarshire, and to Cupar, Leslie, Pitfirran, Culross, and St Andrews in Fife They were living quietly in these places when about the second week in January their retreats were raided and they ‘were forcibly hurried off by a great number of people in arms and disguised, whom they could not resist, and carried by the same violence to Edinburgh.’ (Scots Mag., viii. 43.) Thirty-one officers arrived at Edinburgh on 19th January, and Grossett was sent next day to recover those mentioned in the text.

[620] The Duke of Cumberland arrived in Edinburgh on 30th January

[621] Not identified.

[622] Letter xxv p 394

[623] This officer may have been the second major of the 3rd (Scots) Guards, the only regimental officer of the name who held the rank of colonel at this time.

[624] Letter xxviii. p. 395.

[625] Not identified

[626] Letter xxix. p. 395.

[627] Should be Bligh’s regiment, the 20th, now the Lancashire Fusiliers

[628] Letter xxx. p. 396.

[629] Letter xxxi. p. 396.

[630] William, 8th earl, suc 1720 In 1745 he was a captain in the 3rd (Scots) Guards: he served on Cope’s staff at Prestonpans; commanded the Glasgow (volunteer or militia) regiment at Falkirk; was also colonel of the Edinburgh regiment. In 1757 he was appointed Governor of Gibraltar, where he died in 1761, being then a lieut.-general.

[631] Letter xxxiii p 398

[632] This is that Thomas Smith who, in 1728, for an act of consummate audacity acquired vast fame, became for a while the darling of the British nation, and in the Navy received the nickname of ‘Tom of Ten Thousand.’ Although only junior lieut. of H.M.S. Gosport, while in temporary command he forced the French corvette Gironde to lower her topsail as a salute to the British flag when passing out of Plymouth Sound For this exploit he was summarily dismissed the service on the complaint of the French ambassador, but, according to tradition, was reinstated the following day with the rank of post-captain (see Thackeray’s Roundabout Papers, No 4, ‘On Some Late Great Victories’) Modern investigation has somewhat qualified the dramatic story of the reinstatement, but not of the initial act. Smith was naval commander-in-chief in Scotland from February 1746 to January 1747 when he became rear-Admiral; in 1757, Admiral of the Blue. He presided at the court-martial which condemned Admiral Byng. He died 1761.

To those interested in Jacobite history his memory should ever be cherished as the benignant guardian, if jailer, of Flora Macdonald When Flora was first made prisoner in Skye in the second week of July, she was taken on board the ship of the merciless Captain Ferguson (ante, p. 244), in which she was detained for three weeks. Luckily for her, General Campbell was also on board and treated Flora with great kindness. The general handed her over to Commodore Smith, with whom she remained a prisoner until her arrival in London in the middle of November, a period of three and a half months. Home, in his History, says that ‘this most worthy gentleman treated Flora not as a stranger, nor a prisoner, but with the affection of a parent.’ Bishop Forbes tells the same story: he ‘behaved like a father to her, and tendered her many good advices as to her behaviour in her ticklish situation ’ Smith permitted Flora to go

ashore in Skye to see her mother. When lying in Leith roads he presented her with a handsome suit of riding clothes and other garments, as well as an outfit for a Highland maid who had hurriedly left Skye to accompany the lady in her captivity

[633] Guild Hall Relief Fund. See Appendix.

[634] The 8th now The King’s (Royal Liverpool) Regiment

[635] Apparently meaning ‘notify.’

[636] Eyemouth

[637] A bylander or bilander is a two-masted ship, rather flat-bottomed, used chiefly in the canals of Holland.

[638] Sic in copy, ‘and vissibly’ is probably a mistake for ‘invisibly ’

[639] Author of Medical Heroes of the ’Forty-five: Glasgow, 1897.

[640] Barclay acted as justice of the peace for Prince Charles, enlisted men, and collected the excise

[641] Maule was a writer in Stonehaven and procuratorfiscal of Kincardine. He served as an ensign, probably in Lord Ogilvy’s regiment

[642] Dr. Lawson seems to have been the father of John Lawson, junior, who served in the Jacobite army.

[643] Keeper of a public-house in Stonehaven

[644] The occasion of this Memorial and the circumstances attending its production will be found fully detailed in chap. vi. of The Last of the Royal Stuarts, by Herbert M. Vaughan: London, 1906.

[645] I am indebted to Miss Nairne, Salisbury, for this translation

[646] These lists make no pretence to completeness. They are extracted from a manuscript Jacobite army list which I have been compiling for many years In it I have noted down the name of every gentleman properly authenticated that I have come across when studying the history of the period

[647] Clanranald, Boisdale, Glengarry, and Bishop Hugh Macdonald did not rise in arms, but were all imprisoned for being concerned in the Rising.

[648] Interesting information on the raising of Fairburn’s men is given by the French envoy, writing to the French Foreign Minister: Lady Mackintosh, he says, ‘a bien été imitée par une autre fort jolie personne de son âge, nommée Barbe Gourdon, femme de Mekensie de Ferbarn, le plus considérable des vassaux et des parens de milord Seaforth Celle-cy n’a pas banni son mari; mais, malgré luy, elle a vendu ses diamants et sa vaisselle pour lever des hommes Elle s’en a ramassé cent ciquante des plus braves du païs, qu’elle a joint à ceux de miladi Seaforth, sous la conduite de son beaufrère.’

This ‘beau-frère’ may mean Kenneth, her husband’s brother, or it may mean Barisdale who was married to her husband’s sister Young Lentron in the List of Persons concerned in the Rebellion is termed a schoolboy I find no mention of this Barbara Gordon in the Mackenzie clan history

[649] James Gordon, son of the laird of Glasterum, Banffshire. Born 1664; died 1746; consecrated secretly as Bishop of Nicopolis in partibus, 1706; Vicar-apostolic in Scotland, 1718. Lord John Drummond, Clanranald, and possibly Lady Clanranald (née Macleod) were Roman Catholics

[650] Frederick of Hesse Cassel was the consort of Ulrica, sister and successor of Charles . He was crowned King of Sweden 1720; died 1751. His nephew, Frederick, Prince, afterwards Landgrave, of Hesse, married Princess Anne, daughter of George ., 1740: he brought Hessian troops to Scotland in February 1746.

[651] Alexander Gordon of Auchintoul (Banffshire) Entered the Russian service 1693; married the daughter of his kinsman, Patrick Gordon of Achleuris, the celebrated General of Peter the Great. Was a colonel at the battle of Narva (1700), where he was captured and detained prisoner until Peter’s victory at Pultowa (1709). Rose to be a Russian majorgeneral. Joined Mar’s Rising, 1715, and was made lieutenantgeneral (October 1715); commander-in-chief (February 1716) of the Jacobite Army on Mar’s leaving Scotland. Was at Bordeaux, and too ill to join the attempt of 1719. Though living in Banffshire in 1745, he felt too old to go ‘out.’ Died 1752. He wrote a History of Peter the Great, published after his death, in Aberdeen, 1755

[652] Captain Wm. Hay, groom of the bedchamber to the Chevalier.

[653] Robert (Gordon) but for the attainder Viscount of Kenmure; eldest son of William, 6th Viscount, who was executed for his share in the ’15. He was an ardent Jacobite; he died in 1741, aged about thirty, and was succeeded by his brother John, who joined Prince Charles at Holyrood, accepted the command of a troop of horse, but deserted the following day. See Murray’s Memorials, pp. 53, 227.

[654] Not identified; may be Nisbet of Dirleton and Callendar of Craigforth

[655] French Minister of Finance.

[656] Walter Stapleton, lieut.-col. of Berwick’s regiment; commandant of the Irish picquets and brigadier in the French army; wounded at Culloden and died of his wounds.

[657] Henry Ker of Graden, Teviotdale, heir of an ancient family of moss troopers; b 1702; served in the Spanish army, 1722-38, when he returned to Scotland; was aide-de-camp to Lord George Murray and titular aide-de-camp to the Prince; the best staff officer the Jacobites possessed Captured in May in the Braes of Angus; tried for his life, and in vain pleaded his Spanish commission; sentenced to death but reprieved; released in 1748; died a lieut.-col. in the Spanish service 1751. (Leishman, A Son of Knox, p. 20.) Ker wrote an account of the operations in the last two months of the campaign, printed in The Lyon, i. 355.

[658] This statement of Daniel’s is opposed to all reliable evidence, and the note in the Drummond Castle MS is correct The desire of his enemies was to throw the blame of the disaster on Lord George Murray Even the Prince seems to have talked himself into a similar belief (see post, p. 240). The responsibility lay on Prince Charles himself, as is told in the Introduction.

[659] Keppoch’s brother Donald, killed at Culloden Donald MacDonell of Tirnadrish (or Tiendrish), a cousin of Keppoch; he was the only Jacobite officer taken prisoner at Falkirk He was executed at Carlisle in October

[660] Alexander Mackay of Auchmony, who long afterwards married Angusia, d. of Angus Macdonell, Glengarry’s son,

referred to on p. 277.

[661] The house of Gordon of Glenbucket at Tomintoul in Strathavon.

[662] See ante, p. 118.

[663] His chamberlain or steward.

[664] For the authenticity of this manifesto, see ante, p. 132

[665] Generally ‘Strathdearn,’ the valley of the Findhorn.

[666] ‘Clan Chattan,’ the Macphersons, Mackintoshes and Farquharsons; probably here meaning the Macphersons

INDEX

Abercromby, Francis, of Fetterneir, 164 n.

Aberdeen, rebels in, 285-6; presbyterian ministers preach against the rebels, 202; no election of magistrates during the rebellion, 119, 124; requests aid from lord Loudoun, 134; rebels demand £215 of levy money from Old Aberdeen, 135; masters of King’s College taxed, 136; public fast observed, 136; rebels attempt to cause a mutiny among the Macleods, 140; the rebels march to engage the Macleods, 140; skirmish at the fords of Don, 143-4; the rebels collect levy money, 147, 150; the citizens maltreated and plundered by Macgregors, 148; rebels march through the town in their retreat from Stirling, 149; arrival of the duke of Cumberland, 151; Bisset’s sermon on the good behaviour of the rebels, 189 and n; popish and non-jurant meeting houses destroyed, 56; Gordon’s hospital garrisoned by the duke of Cumberland; the duke leaves the town, 159; militia raised and governors appointed, 160; military law paramount, 162; rioting by the soldiers, 163 and n

—— George Gordon, 3rd earl of, 123 and n.

Aberdeenshire, the rebellion of 1715, 130; lord Lewis Gordon issues his burning order, 134-5 and n.

Abernethy presbytery testify to the loyalty of Mr. John Grant, minister of Abernethy, 317.

—— brother of Mayen, 121.

Abertarff, 89;

the presbytery exonerate rev. John Grant of Urquhart, 316

Aboyne, earl of, 131.

Achires. See Ogilvie.

Achoynanie. See Grant, Thomas.

Adams, Mr., cipher name for the king of France, 63

Agnew, sir Andrew, 206 n.

Aird, 89.

Airlie, Anne, countess of, 35 n.

—— James, earl of, 35 n

—— John, earl of, 35 and n.

Albemarle, William, earl of, 163 n, 417.

Alisary, South Uist, 250 n.

Alloa, operations of rebels at, 353-8

Altimarlach, battle of, between Sinclair of Keiss and Campbell of Glenurchy, 71 n

Amelot de Chaillou, M., 9 and n, 10, 12, 14, 15, 47, 57.

Ancrum, William, lord, afterw. marquess of Lothian, his expedition to Curgaff, 152 and n; orders the destruction of houses where arms were found, 161-2 and n, 163; is removed from Aberdeen because of the rioting of the soldiers, 163 n;

succeeded by lord Sempill, 164 and n.

Anderson, captain, 61 n.

Appin, 86.

—— laird of. See Stewart, Dugald.

Applecross, 75, 77.

Arbuthnott, Alexander, of Knox, commissioner of customs, 50 and n, 381, 385.

Ardgour, 84

—— laird of. See Maclean.

Ardloch, laird of. See Mackenzie.

Ardnamurchan, 82-3.

Argyllshire Highlanders at the battle of Falkirk, 363 n, 364

Arisaig, 81, 229 and n.

Assynt and its proprietors, 73-4 and n.

Atholl, William, [Jacobite] duke of, 344 n, 410.

Auchengaul. See Crichton.

Auchlunkart (Auflunkart), 288, 290.

Auchmeddan. See Baird, William.

Auchmony. See Mackay, Alexander.

Auldearn, battle of, 76 n

Avachy. See Gordon.

Baggot, John, in command of the prince’s Hussars, 150 and n, 185, 202.

Baird, William, of Auchmeddan, 128 and n

Baleshare, 243 n.

—— laird of. See Macdonald, Hugh.

Balhaldy. See Macgregor, William.

Balmerino, Arthur, lord, 173 n, 181 and n, 183, 190, 203; his character as given by captain Daniel; the quarrel with lord George Murray, 200; at the battle of Falkirk, 410; surrenders after Culloden, 216.

Balmoral, laird of. See Farquharson.

Balnagowan, lairds of. See Ross.

Baltimore, 244-5.

Balveny castle, 287 n.

Banffshire and the rebellion, 111-164; lord Lewis Gordon issues his burning order, 134-5 and n.

Bannerman, sir Alexander, of Elsick, 148 and n, 149.

Barra, 79

Barrel’s regiment, 152 n, 153.

Barry, Dr., 62.

Barrymore, James, 4th earl of, 21 and n, 23, 47.

Bartlet, writer in Aberdeen, taken prisoner by the rebels, 137

Battereau’s regiment, 418.

Beinn Ruigh Choinnich, 249 n.

Belintomb, laird of, 281 n.

Benbecula, 230, 231, 237, 252 and n, 253

Ben Nevis, 86.

Birkenbush, laird of. See Gordon.

Bisset, John, minister in Aberdeen, his sermon on the good behaviour of the Jacobite army in Aberdeen, 189 and n.

Black Watch soldiers shot in the Tower for desertion, 42 and n.

Blair castle, siege of, 206 and n.

Blakeney, William, lieut.-governor of Stirling castle, 358 and n, 385, 418; letter to, from general Hawley, 393.

Bland, Humphrey, major-general, enters Aberdeen, 151; at Old Meldrum, 153 and n; marches to Huntly, 154.

Blelack. See Gordon, Charles.

Bligh’s regiment, 368 and n, 417

Boat o’ Bridge, 289 and n.

Bog o’ Gight, 290 and n.

Boisdale. See Macdonald, Alex.

Bonar, near Creich, 110

Borradale house, 229 and n.

Bourbon, the, taken by the English, 151 n.

Boyne, Banffshire, 120 and n.

Braco. See Duff, William.

Braemar, 92.

Breadalbane, John, 1st earl of, defeats the Sinclairs at Altimarlach, 71 n.

Brett, colonel, secretary to the duchess of Buckingham, 11 and n.

Bright, Mr., cipher name of the earl of Traquair, q.v.

Brodie, Alex., of Brodie, writes to Ludovick Grant, upbraiding him for not joining Cope, 272 and n, 274.

Brown, captain, of Lally’s regiment, escapes from Carlisle, 192 and n.

—— J., cipher name of Murray of Broughton, q.v.

Bruce, Robert, minister of Edinburgh, 90 and n.

Brucehill. See Forbes.

Buchan of Achmacoy, 124.

Buckingham, Katherine, duchess of, 10 and n, 16, 21, 23.

Burke, Edmund, 227, 229 n, 231 n, 234 n.

Burnet, Mr., cipher name of prince Charles. See Stuart. —— of Kemnay, 124, 132, 147, 162.

Burnett, sir Alex., of Leys, 124.

Butler, Mr., 47, 48, 57

Caithness and the Jacobite rising, 71-2 and n.

—— George Sinclair, earl of, defeated by Campbell of Glenurchy at Altimarlach, 71 n.

Callendar, of Craigforth, 33 n

Cameron, Alexander, killed by Grant of Knockando, 103 n.

—— —— S. J., brother of Lochiel, 87 and n.

—— Dr. Archibald, 97 n, 217, 219.

—— Donald, of Glenpean, 229

—— —— of Lochiel, 5 and n, 15 n, 17, 24-8 n, 34, 36, 38, 41, 446, 48, 58, 65-7; his interview with Murray of Broughton in Edinburgh, 16; opposes the conversion of his people to Romanism, 87; sends prince Charles’s Declaration to Forbes of Culloden, 95; at the battle of Falkirk, 413; at Culloden, 416.

Cameron, Ludovick, of Torcastle, 84 and n.

—— Margaret, sister of Lochiel, 82 n.

Cameronian covenanters, 43 and n.

Camerons, 87; at the battle of Prestonpans, 407; at the battle of Falkirk, 409, 411; at Culloden, 417.

—— of Morven, 84.

Campbell, lieut., of the Edinburgh regiment, 364.

—— of Inverawe, attempts to capture the duke of Perth, 118 n

—— Alexander, lieut., taken prisoner at Keith by the rebels, 155.

—— —— minister of Inverary, 85.

—— Co., commissioner of customs, 381, 385.

—— Donald, befriends the prince in Harris, 233 and n, 235

—— sir Donald, of Ardnamurchan, 83 and n.

—— Dugald, of Achacrossan, 244 n.

—— Duncan, 260.

—— sir Duncan, of Lochnell, 83

—— sir James, of Auchenbreck, 6 and n, 14 n, 16, 26, 45 n, 48, 52, 58

—— John, of Mamore [aftw. duke of Argyll], 259 and n, 373 n.

—— —— yr. of Mamore, col. of the Argyllshire Highlanders, 363 and n, 364 , 373 n, 410.

—— sir John, of Glenurchy, aftw. earl of Breadalbane, q.v.

—— Primrose, wife of lord Lovat, 44 n.

Campbells of Argyll at Culloden, 418.

Campo Florido, Spanish ambassador at Paris, 22 n.

Carberry hill, 405, 408.

Carlisle, surrender of, 118 n; occupied by the rebels, 173 n; the siege, 182 n, 192-3; Jacobite prisoners, 187 and n.

Carlyle, Alex., his Autobiography, 44 n.

Carnusy. See Gordon.

Carron water, 351, 384.

Carse’s Nook, 348-9, 383.

Castle Forbes, 154.

Castle Fraser (Muchals), Aberdeenshire, 98 n.

Castlelaw, Mr., collector of customs at Dunbar, 371.

Castle Leod, Strathpeffer, 78 n.

Cecil, William, Jacobite agent in England, 11 and n, 15, 16 n, 21, 23, 28.

Chalmers, George, principal of King’s College, Aberdeen, 138; taken prisoner by the rebels, 145.

Charité, the, taken by the English, 151 n.

Chisholm, Roderick, of Comar, 90.

—— —— of Strathglass, 90, 99 and n.

——

—— og, killed at Culloden, 100 n.

—— William, son of Strathglass, physician in, and provost of Inverness, 100 n.

Chisholms join the rebels, 99.

Cholmondeley’s regiment, 411, 417.

Church of Scotland clergy loyal to the government, 124-5; threatened by the rebels, 149; ridiculed by the soldiers, 162.

Clate, kirktown of, 153-4.

Clephan, captain, 61 n.

Clesterton, laird of. See Fea, James.

Clifton, skirmish at, 185-6 and n.

Cobham’s dragoons, 410, 418.

Cochrane, captain, prisoner with the rebels, 364.

—— Dr., of Roughfoil, 51 n.

—— Alex., of Barbachlaw, 51 n.

Cockburn, Adam, hosier, 62 and n.

Cogach and the Macleods, 74-5, 96.

Colyear’s regiment, 61 and n.

Commissioners of customs, letter to, from Walter Grossett, 383; letter from, to Grossett, 385.

Congleton, 175

Cope, sir John, 95, 103, 273; his march to the north, 270 and n; in Inverness, 271 n; in Aberdeen, 114 and n, 115; removes the town’s arms, 117; at Dunbar, 341, 405; position of his troops at Prestonpans, 405-6; defeated, 408; succeeded by Hawley, 409.

Coren, captain, 365 and n; letter to, from the lord justice-clerk, 394.

Corn sent from the north of England to the rebels in Lochaber, 370, 396-7.

Corradale, South Uist, 238 and n, 239 and n, 246.

Craigie, Robert, of Glendoick, lord advocate, aftw. lord president, 269 and n; letter from, to Walter Grossett, 379.

Crawford, major, 155.

—— John, earl of, 26 and n, 42 n.

Creich, 110.

Crichton of Auchengaul, joins lord Lewis Gordon, 130. Crofts, lieut., taken prisoner at Falkirk, 158 and n.

Cromar, 92.

Cromarty, George, 1st earl of, 74 and n, 78 n.

—— George, 3rd earl, 75, 91, 109, 410, 415; joins the rising, 95-97 and n; claims to be chief of the Mackenzies, 100.

Crosby, captain, 159.

Culcairn, now Kincraig, 103 n.

—— laird of. See Munro, George.

Cullen, 205-7, 290.

—— house plundered by the rebels, 157 and n, 208.

Culloden, estimate of Jacobite forces, 178 n; the rebels’ useless night march, 210-11 and n; lord George Murray in favour of making a stand at Culloden, 212-213 and n; prince Charles persuaded by lord George Murray to give the place of honour to the Athole men, 239; the prince adverse to giving battle, 240; account of the battle, 414-19; Daniel’s account of the battle, 213-15

—— house attacked by Frasers, 106.

Culraik, 415-16.

Cumberland, William, duke of, 187 and n; takes Carlisle, 192-3 and n; in Edinburgh, 299 n, 365 and n; in Stirling, 365; at Perth, 303 n, 305 n, 367; in Aberdeen, 151, 307 and n; orders the destruction of nonjurant meeting places, 156; withdraws his protection from the houses of Park and Durn, on account of the rebels pillaging Cullen house, 157; leaves Aberdeen, 159 and n, 208 and n; at Nairn, 414; at Culloden, 99 n; disposition of his forces, 417; the battle, 213-15, 414-19.

Cuming, of Kinninmonth, 121.

Cuming, yr. of Pitully, 121.

Cupbairdy. See Gordon.

Curgaff, 152.

Cuthbert, of Castlehill, 140 n

—— major, brother of Castlehill, 140 and n, 143.

Dan, Mr., cipher name of Donald Cameron, of Lochiel, q.v

Daniel, captain John, his Account of his Progress with Prince Charles, 165-224; joins the Jacobite army in Lancashire, 168; endeavours to obtain followers for the prince, 169; gets the better of a quaker, 169-70; obtains a captain’s commission, 171; joins Elcho’s guards, 173; billeted in Derby, 176; meets the duke of Perth, 181; his horse stolen by the Jacobite soldiers; deserted by his servant, 182; helps himself to a horse, 183; his intimacy with Balmerino, 183, 190-200, 203; rescues two women at the crossing of the Esk, 188; on the good behaviour of the army in England, 189; marches north to Aberdeen, 202; loses his company in a snowstorm, 203; revives himself and horse with whisky, 203-4; rejoins the army at Old Meldrum, 204; receives from the prince a standard taken at Falkirk, 205; his testimony to the influence of Forbes of Culloden, 207; holds lord George Murray to be responsible for Culloden, 212; his description of the battle, 213-15; leaves the field with lord John Drummond, 215; his wanderings after Culloden, 216-17; his description of the naval fight between the English and French, 220; sails for France, 223.

Danish forts in Glenelg, 80.

Derby, 175-6.

Deskford, lord, 275 and n, 276 , 283 , 294 and n, 298 n

Dickson, John, of Hartree, 52 n

—— William, lieut. in Wolfe’s regiment, 399.

Dingwall, merchant in Aberdeen, taken prisoner by the rebels, 137.

Dougall, George, of the Janet, 398.

Dounan church, 113 n.

Drimnin, laird of. See Maclean, Charles.

Drumelzier, 19 n.

—— laird of. See Hay, Alexander.

Drummond, lord George, 208-9.

—— captain John, 66 and n

—— lord John, 16, 17 n, 20, 49, 159, 194, 291, 354; lands with troops in Scotland, 132 and n, 178 and n, 345; one of his transports taken, 352 and n; his Declaration, 132, 292 n; letter to, from earl Marischal commanding his friends to join lord John Drummond, 132, 292 n; the authenticity of the letter, 132-3; proposes to hang a few of the clergy of the church of Scotland, 149; at the battle of Falkirk, 409-10, 413; at Culloden, 215, 415-17; letter from, to Moir of Lonmay, 293 n.

—— lord Lewis, 132 and n.

—— William, of Balhaldy. See Macgregor.

Duff, of Premnay, 124.

—— William, of Braco, 113 and n, 114, 123 and n.

Dumfries, rebel army in, 190 and n.

Dunbar, lady, of Durn, 157.

—— James, [Jacobite] earl of, 331 n.

—— sir William, of Durn, 121

—— —— of Hemprigs, 72.

Dunbars of Caithness, 72 and n.

Dunbennan, 118 n.

Dundas, captain, prisoner with the rebels, 364

—— Robert, of Arniston, lord president of the court of session, 50 and n

Dundonald, Thomas Cochrane, earl of, 18 and n.

Duntulm castle, 262 n.

Durn. See Dunbar, sir William.

Durness parish, 73

Dutch troops land at Berwick and the Tyne, 184 n.

Eccleston, 169

Edgar, David, of Keithock, 3 n.

—— James, secretary to the Chevalier de St. George, 32 n, 34-5; letters from, to Murray of Broughton, 3 and n, 18-19, 30; letters to, from Murray of Broughton, 20 and n-27, 37-41, 45 and n.

Edinburgh, the provost declines to defend the town, 341; in possession of the rebels, 342; garrisoned by English troops, 345 and n, 351; cannon for the city walls, 352; crowded with Jacobite prisoners, 352 and n.

Edinburgh regiment, 372 n.

Edwards, J., cipher name of the Chevalier. See Stuart.

Eguilles, marquis d’, 100 n, 101 n, 223 n

Elcho, David Wemyss, lord, 43 and n, 61, 173 n, 361 and n, 410.

Elgin, magistrates request the laird of Grant to march to their assistance, 297 n;

Grant’s letter explaining why he is unable to come, 296 n.

Ellis, Mr., cipher name of the Chevalier. See Stuart.

Ellon, 158.

Elphingstone, 355-7, 384.

—- colonel. See Balmerino, lord.

Elsick. See Bannerman, sir Alexander.

Enzie, Banffshire, 92, 120 and n.

Errol, James, earl of, 121 n.

—— Mary, countess of, 121 and n.

Erskine, Anne. See Airlie, countess of.

—— James, lord Grange, 45 n, 90 n.

Fachfield. See Thomson.

Falconer, Alexander, 121 n

—— (Fawkener), sir Everard, secretary to the duke of Cumberland, 306 and n, 335 and n; report by, on the services of Walter Grossett, 400-2.

Falkirk, battle of, 194-8, 228 n, 278 n, 362-3, 409-13.

Fall, Mr., magistrate in Dunbar, 371.

Farquharson, of Balmoral, 118 and n.

—— Anne, wife of Æneas Mackintosh of Mackintosh. See Mackintosh.

—— James, of Invercauld, 101 n, 117-18, 131.

—— —— of Monaltrie, 117 n-18.

Farquharsons, 277; at the battle of Falkirk, 409; at Culloden, 417.

Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.