Advances in artificial systems for medicine and education ii zhengbing hu - The ebook in PDF/DOCX fo

Page 1


Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-artificial-systems-for-medicine-and-educ ation-ii-zhengbing-hu/

More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant download maybe you interests ...

Advances in Computer Science for Engineering and Education II Zhengbing Hu

https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-computer-sciencefor-engineering-and-education-ii-zhengbing-hu/

Advances in Computer Science for Engineering and Education III Zhengbing Hu

https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-computer-sciencefor-engineering-and-education-iii-zhengbing-hu/

Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Software and Systems Engineering Tareq Z. Ahram

https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-artificialintelligence-software-and-systems-engineering-tareq-z-ahram/

Advances in Probiotics for Sustainable Food and Medicine Gunjan Goel

https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-probiotics-forsustainable-food-and-medicine-gunjan-goel/

Education, Translation and Global Market Pressures Wan

Hu

https://textbookfull.com/product/education-translation-andglobal-market-pressures-wan-hu/

Advances in Medicine and Medical Research Mieczyslaw Pokorski

https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-medicine-andmedical-research-mieczyslaw-pokorski/

Advances in Electric and Electronics Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 155 2012th Edition Hu Wensong Editor

https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-electric-andelectronics-lecture-notes-in-electrical-engineering-155-2012thedition-hu-wensong-editor/

Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Software and Systems Engineering: Proceedings of the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conferences on Software and Systems Engineering, and Artificial Intelligence and Social Computing, July 16-20, 2020, USA Tareq Ahramhttps://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-artificialintelligence-software-and-systems-engineering-proceedings-of-theahfe-2020-virtual-conferences-on-software-and-systemsengineering-and-artificial-intelligence-and-social-comp/

Automated Reasoning for Systems Biology and Medicine

Pietro Liò

https://textbookfull.com/product/automated-reasoning-for-systemsbiology-and-medicine-pietro-lio/

Zhengbing Hu

Advances in Artificial Systems for Medicine and Education II

AdvancesinIntelligentSystemsandComputing

Volume902

SeriesEditor

JanuszKacprzyk,SystemsResearchInstitute,PolishAcademyofSciences, Warsaw,Poland

AdvisoryEditors

NikhilR.Pal,IndianStatisticalInstitute,Kolkata,India

RafaelBelloPerez,FacultyofMathematics,PhysicsandComputing, UniversidadCentraldeLasVillas,SantaClara,Cuba

EmilioS.Corchado,UniversityofSalamanca,Salamanca,Spain

HaniHagras,ElectronicEngineering,UniversityofEssex,Colchester,UK

László T.Kóczy,DepartmentofAutomation,SzéchenyiIstvánUniversity, Gyor,Hungary

VladikKreinovich,DepartmentofComputerScience,UniversityofTexas atElPaso,ElPaso,TX,USA

Chin-TengLin,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,NationalChiao TungUniversity,Hsinchu,Taiwan

JieLu,FacultyofEngineeringandInformationTechnology, UniversityofTechnologySydney,Sydney,NSW,Australia

PatriciaMelin,GraduateProgramofComputerScience,TijuanaInstitute ofTechnology,Tijuana,Mexico

NadiaNedjah,DepartmentofElectronicsEngineering,UniversityofRiodeJaneiro, RiodeJaneiro,Brazil

NgocThanhNguyen,FacultyofComputerScienceandManagement, WrocławUniversityofTechnology,Wrocław,Poland JunWang,DepartmentofMechanicalandAutomationEngineering, TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,Shatin,HongKong

Theseries “AdvancesinIntelligentSystemsandComputing” containspublications ontheory,applications,anddesignmethodsofIntelligentSystemsandIntelligent Computing.Virtuallyalldisciplinessuchasengineering,naturalsciences,computer andinformationscience,ICT,economics,business,e-commerce,environment, healthcare,lifesciencearecovered.Thelistoftopicsspansalltheareasofmodern intelligentsystemsandcomputingsuchas:computationalintelligence,softcomputingincludingneuralnetworks,fuzzysystems,evolutionarycomputingandthefusion oftheseparadigms,socialintelligence,ambientintelligence,computationalneuroscience,arti ficiallife,virtualworldsandsociety,cognitivescienceandsystems, PerceptionandVision,DNAandimmunebasedsystems,self-organizingand adaptivesystems,e-Learningandteaching,human-centeredandhuman-centric computing,recommendersystems,intelligentcontrol,roboticsandmechatronics includinghuman-machineteaming,knowledge-basedparadigms,learningparadigms,machineethics,intelligentdataanalysis,knowledgemanagement,intelligent agents,intelligentdecisionmakingandsupport,intelligentnetworksecurity,trust management,interactiveentertainment,Webintelligenceandmultimedia.

Thepublicationswithin “AdvancesinIntelligentSystemsandComputing” are primarilyproceedingsofimportantconferences,symposiaandcongresses.They coversigni ficantrecentdevelopmentsinthe fi eld,bothofafoundationaland applicablecharacter.Animportantcharacteristicfeatureoftheseriesistheshort publicationtimeandworld-widedistribution.Thispermitsarapidandbroad disseminationofresearchresults.

**Indexing:ThebooksofthisseriesaresubmittedtoISIProceedings, EI-Compendex,DBLP,SCOPUS,GoogleScholarandSpringerlink**

Moreinformationaboutthisseriesat http://www.springer.com/series/11156

Editors

AdvancesinArti ficial SystemsforMedicine andEducationII

Editors

ZhengbingHu

SchoolofEducationalInformation

Technology

CentralChinaNormalUniversity Wuhan,Hubei,China

MatthewHe

HalmosCollegeofNaturalSciencesand Oceanography

NovaSoutheasternUniversity Davie,FL,USA

SergeyV.Petoukhov

MechanicalEngineeringResearchInstitute RussianAcademyofSciences Moscow,Russia

ISSN2194-5357ISSN2194-5365(electronic)

AdvancesinIntelligentSystemsandComputing

ISBN978-3-030-12081-8ISBN978-3-030-12082-5(eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12082-5

LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018968110

© SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2020

Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart ofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.

Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.

Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernorthe authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregard tojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.

ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland

Organization

HonoraryChairs

Prof.R.F.Ganiev,MechanicalEngineeringResearchInstituteoftheRussian AcademyofSciences,Moscow,Russia

Prof.F.Chin,TheUniversityofHongKong,HongKong

GeneralCo-Chairs

Prof.V.A.Glazunov,MechanicalEngineeringResearchInstituteoftheRussian AcademyofSciences,Moscow,Russia

Prof.C.Z.Wang,HubeiUniversityofTechnology,China

InternationalProgramCommittee

Prof.JanuszKacprzyk,SystemsResearchInstitute,PolishAcademyofSciences

Prof.A.I.Ageev,InstituteforEconomicStrategiesofRAS,Russia

Dr.O.K.Ban,IBM,USA

G.Darvas,Ph.D.,InstituteSymmetrion,Hungary

Prof.A.S.Dmitriev,InstituteofRadioengineeringandElectronicsofRAS, Moscow,Russia

Prof.B.Dragovich,InstituteofPhysics,Belgrade,Serbia

Dr.K.Du,NationalUniversityofDefenseTechnology,China

Prof.N.A.Balonin,InstituteofComputerSystemsandProgramming,St. Petersburg,Russia

Prof.E.Fimmel,InstituteofMathematicalBiologyoftheMannheimUniversityof AppliedSciences,Germany

Prof.S.S.Ge,NationalUniversityofSingapore,Singapore

Dr.I.V.Gorbulina,RussianAcademyofBusiness,Moscow,Russia

Prof.Yu.V.Gulyaev,InstituteofRadioengineeringandElectronicsofRAS, Moscow,Russia

Prof.M.He,NovaSoutheasternUniversity,FortLauderdale,USA

Prof.A.S.Holevo,SteklovMathematicalInstituteoftheRAS,Moscow,Russia

Dr.J.W.Hu,WuhanOrdnancePettyOfficerSchool,China

Prof.A.U.Igamberdiev,MemorialUniversityofNewfoundland,Canada

Prof.V.V.Kozlov,SteklovMathematicalInstituteoftheRAS,Moscow,Russia

Prof.N.N.Kudryavtsev,MoscowInstituteofPhysicsandTechnology,Moscow, Russia

Prof.O.P.Kuznetsov,InstituteofControlSciencesofRAS,Moscow,Russia

Prof.O.P.Kuzovlev,KolomenskyMedicalCenter,Moscow,Russia

Dr.X.J.Ma,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,China

Prof.Yu.I.Manin,MaxPlanckInstituteofMathematics,Bonn,Germany

Prof.V.E.Mukhin,NationalTechnicalUniversityofUkraine,Ukraine

Prof.D.A.Novikov,InstituteofControlSciencesofRAS,Moscow,Russia

Prof.G.S.Osipov,ProgramSystemsInstituteofRAS,Moscow,Russia

Prof.Yu.S.Popkov,InstituteforSystemsAnalysisofRAS,Russia

Prof.A.A.Potapov,InstituteofRadioengineeringandElectronicsofRAS, Moscow,Russia

Prof.S.C.Qu,CentralChinaNormalUniversity,China

Prof.Ig.A.Sokolov,InstituteofInformaticsProblemsofRAS,Russia

Prof.Y.Shi,BloomsburgUniversityofPennsylvania,USA

Dr.Eng.P.L.Simeonov,Charité UniversityMedicine,DigitalPathologyandIT, InstituteofPathology,Berlin,Germany

Dr.J.Su,HubeiUniversityofTechnology,China

Prof.V.V.Voevodin,LomonosovMoscowStateUniversity

Prof.J.Q.Wu,CentralChinaNormalUniversity,China

Prof.Q.Wu,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,China

Prof.Z.W.Ye,HubeiUniversityofTechnology,China

Prof.K.V.Zenkin,TchaikovskyMoscowStateConservatory,Moscow,Russia

Prof.C.C.Zhang,FengChiaUniversity,Taiwan

SteeringChairs

Prof.Z.B.Hu,CentralChinaNormalUniversity,China

Prof.S.V.Petoukhov,MechanicalEngineeringResearchInstitute(MERI)ofRAS, Moscow,Russia

LocalOrganizingCommittee

N.S.Azikov,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

A.V.Borisov,UdmurtStateUniversity,Russia

G.S.Filippov,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

L.V.Hazina,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

N.A.Ismailova,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

I.S.Javelov,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

I.D.Kireev,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

A.V.Kirichenko,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

I.S.Mamaev,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

E.N.Petyukov,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

T.A.Rakcheeva,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

H.F.Saberov,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

G.Zh.Sakhvadze,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

A.M.Sergeev,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

T.V.Silova,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

V.O.Soloviev,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

I.V.Stepanyan,MERIofRAS,Moscow,Russia

PublicationChair

Prof.SergeyV.Petoukhov,MechanicalEngineeringResearchInstituteofthe RussianAcademyofSciences,Moscow,Russia

Preface

Thedevelopmentofartifi cialintelligencesystemsandtheirapplicationsinvarious fieldsbelongstothemosturgenttasksofmodernscienceandtechnology.One oftheseareasismedicalengineering,inwhichtheirapplicationisaimedat increasingtheeffectivenessofdiagnosingvariousdiseasesandselectingappropriatewaysoftreatment.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencesystems requirestheintensificationoftrainingofagrowingnumberofrelevantspecialists. Atthesametime,artificialintelligencesystemshavesignificantperspectives oftheirapplicationinsideeducationtechnologiesthemselvesforimprovingthe qualityoftrainingofspecialiststakingintoaccountpersonalcharacteristicsofsuch specialistsandalsotheemergenceofnewcomputerdevices.

Indigitalsystemsofartificialintelligence,scientiststrytoreproduceinherited intellectualabilitiesofhumanandotherbiologicalorganisms.Theprofoundstudy ofgeneticsystemsandinheritedbiologicalprocessescanrevealbio-information patentsoflivingnatureandgivenewapproachestocreatemoreandmoreeffective methodsofartificialintelligence.Forthisreason,intensivedevelopmentof bio-mathematicalstudiesofgeneticandsensory-motorsystemsisrequiredonthe basisofcontemporaryachievementsofmathematics,computerandquantum informatics,biology,physics,etc.Inotherwords,studyofgeneticsystemsand creationofmethodsofartificialintelligenceshouldgoinaparallelmannertoenrich eachother.

TheSecondInternationalConferenceofArti ficialIntelligence,Medical Engineering,Education(October6–8,2018,Moscow,Russia)hasitspurposeto presentnewthematicapproaches,methods,andachievementsofmathematicians, biologists,physicians,andtechnologistsandalsotoattractadditionalinterestof differentspecialiststothisperspectivetheme.Itsproceedingsadditionallyincludes articlesonspeci fictasksinvarious fi elds,whereartificialintelligencesystemscan beappliedinthefuturewithgreatbenefit.

TheConferenceisorganizedjointlybyMechanicalEngineeringResearch InstituteoftheRussianAcademyofSciences(IMASHRAN, http://eng.imash.ru/), andthe “InternationalResearchAssociationofModernEducationandComputer Science” (RAMECS, http://www.ramecs.org/part.html).

x Preface

TheorganizationofsuchconferencesisoneofexamplesofgrowingRussian–Chinesecooperationindifferent fieldsofscienceandeducation.

The70contributionstotheconferencewereselectedbytheprogramcommittee forinclusioninthisbookoutofallsubmissions.

Oursincerethanksandappreciationtotheboardmembersaslistedbelow:

RivnerF.Ganiev,Russia

F.Chin,HongKong

ViktorA.Glazunov,Russia

C.Z.Wang,China

JanuszKacprzyk,Poland

O.K.Ban,USA

NikolayA.Balonin,Russia

AlexeyV.Borisov,Russia

GyorgyDarvas,Hungary

BrankoDragovich,Serbia

AlexandrS.Dmitriev,Russia

K.Du,China

ElenaFimmel,Germany

S.S.Ge,Singapore

IrinaV.Gorbulina,Russia

Yu.V.Gulyaev,Russia

M.He,USA

AlexanderS.Holevo,Russia

J.W.Hu,China

AbirU.Igamberdiev,Canada

ValeryV.Kozlov,Russia

NikolayN.Kudryavtsev,Russia

OlegP.Kuznetsov,Russia

OlegP.Kuzovlev,Russia

X.J.Ma,China

YuriI.Manin,Germany

V.E.Muchin,Ukraine

DmitriyA.Novikov,Russia

GennadiyS.Osipov,Russia

YuriyS.Popkov,Russia

AlexanderA.Potapov,Russia

S.C.Qu,China

IgorA.Sokolov,Russia

Y.Shi,USA

PlamenL.Simeonov,Germany

J.Su,China

VladimirV.Voevodin,Russia

TatianaA.Rakcheeva,Russia

J.Q.Wu,China

Q.Wu,China

Z.W.Ye,China

KonstantinV.Zenkin,Russia

C.C.Zhang,Taiwan

Finally,wearegratefultoSpringer-VerlagandJanuszKacprzykastheeditor responsiblefortheseries “AdvancesinIntelligentSystemsandComputing” for theirgreatsupportinpublishingthisconferenceproceedings.

Wuhan,ChinaZhengbingHu

Moscow,RussiaSergeyV.Petoukhov

Davie,FL,USAMatthewHe October2018

PartIAdvancesinMathematicsandBio-mathematics

TheTechnologyforDevelopmentofDecision-MakingSupport ServiceswithComponentsReuse 3 ValeriyaGribova,AlexanderKleschev,PhilipMoskalenko, VadimTimchenkoandElenaShalfeeva

ALifeEcosystemManagementwithDNABaseComplementarity .....

15 MoonHoLee,SungKookLeeandK.M.Cho

StandardGeneticCodeandGoldenRatioCubes ..................

25 MatthewHe,Z.B.HuandSergeyV.Petoukhov

TheTechniqueforDataParallelisminNeuralProcessingUnits

37 VitaliyA.RomanchukandRuslanI.Bazhenov

AlgebraforTransformingGeneticCodesBasedonMatricesApplied inQuantumFieldTheories 47 GyörgyDarvasandSergeyV.Petoukhov

DevelopmentofMethodsforSolvingIll-PosedInverseProblems inProcessingMultidimensionalSignalsinProblemsofArti ficial Intelligence,RadiolocationandMedicalDiagnostics 57 AlexanderA.Potapov,AndreyA.PakhomovandVladimirI.Grachev

NumericalApproachtoSolvingtheProblemofChoosingtheRational ValuesofParametersofDynamicSystems .......................

69 I.N.StatnikovandG.I.Firsov

AlgorithmsforTopologicalAnalysisofSpatialData ...............

81 SergeyEremeevandEkaterinaSeltsova

CodeBiologyandKolmogorovComplexity

93 SergeiV.Kozyrev

OnGeneticUnitaryMatricesandQuantum-AlgorithmicGenetics 103

SergeyV.PetoukhovandElenaS.Petukhova

GeneticCodeModellingfromthePerspective ofQuantumInformatics 117 ElenaFimmelandSergeyV.Petoukhov

FocalModelinthePatternRecognitionProblem .................. 127 T.Rakcheeva

ExperimentalDetectionoftheParallelOrganizationofMental CalculationsofaPersonontheBasisofTwoAlgebrasHaving DifferentAssociativity ...................................... 139

A.V.KoganovandT.A.Rakcheeva

DeterminantOptimizationMethod 151

NikolayA.BaloninandMikhailB.Sergeev

AnalysisofOscillatorEnsemblewithDynamicCouplings 161 M.M.GouraryandS.G.Rusakov

TheGeneticLanguage:NaturalAlgorithms,DevelopmentalPatterns, andInstinctiveBehavior .................................... 173

NikitaE.Shklovskiy-Kordi,VictorK.Finn,LevI.Ehrlich andAbirU.Igamberdiev

PartIIAdvancesinMedicalApproaches

Planck–ShannonClassifier:ANovelMethodtoDiscriminateBetween SonifiedRamanSignalsfromCancerandHealthyCells 185 SungchulJi,BeumJunParkandJohnStuartReid

ECGSignalSpectralAnalysisApproachesforHigh-Resolution Electrocardiography 197

A.V.Baldin,S.I.Dosko,K.V.Kucherov,LiuBin,A.Yu.Spasenov, V.M.UtenkovandD.M.Zhuk

IntelligentSystemforHealthSaving 211 V.N.Krut’ko,V.I.DontsovandA.M.Markova

NovelApproachtoaCreationofProbetoStopBleedingfrom EsophagealVaricoseVeinsBasedonSpiral-CompressionMethod .... 221 SergeyN.Sayapin,PavelM.Shkapov,FiruzG.Nazyrov andAndreyV.Devyatov

ParallelMechanismsinLayoutofHumanMusculoskeletalSystem .... 231 A.V.KirichenkoandP.A.Laryushkin

MethodsofMutualAnalysisofRandomOscillationsintheProblems ofResearchoftheVerticalHumanPosture

G.I.FirsovandI.N.Statnikov

Verifi cationofMathematicalModelforBioimpedanceDiagnostics oftheBloodFlowinCerebralVessels ..........................

AnnaA.Kiseleva,PetrV.LuzhnovandDmitryM.Shamaev

EvaluationofAdhesiveBondStrengthofDentalFiberPosts by “Torque-Out” Test ......................................

AnnaS.Bobrovskaia,SergeyS.GavriushinandAlexanderV.Mitronin

ImageSegmentationMethodBasedonStatisticalParameters ofHomogeneousDataSet

OksanaShkurat,YevgeniyaSulema,ViktoriyaSuschuk-Sliusarenko andAndriiDychka

SteganographicProtectionMethodBasedonHuffmanTree

YevgenRadchenko,IvanDychka,YevgeniyaSulema, ViktoriyaSuschuk-SliusarenkoandOksanaShkurat

TheRoleofHybridClassi fiersinProblemsofChestRoentgenogram Classi fication .............................................

RimmaTomakova,SergeyFilist,RomanVeynberg,AlexeyBrezhnev andAlexandraBrezhneva

Patient-Speci ficBiomechanicalAnalysisinComputerPlanning ofDentitionRestorationwiththeUseofDentalImplants

I.N.DashevskiyandD.A.Gribov

AViscoelasticModeloftheLong-TermOrthodontic

EduardB.DemishkevichandSergeyS.Gavriushin

MetricPropertiesoftheVisualIllusionofIntersection

T.Rakcheeva

MethodoftheDataAdequacyDeterminationofPersonal

YuriySyerov,NataliaShakhovskaandSolomiiaFedushko ExperimentalMethodforBiologicallyActiveFrequencies

VictorA.Panchelyuga,VictorL.EventovandMariaS.Panchelyuga FromtheGolemtotheRobotandBeyond totheSmartProstheses

AnatolyK.Skvorchevsky,AlexanderM.SergeevandNikitaS.Kovalev

PartIIIAdvancesinTechnologicalandEducationalApproaches

LifelongEducationofSportsMediaProfessionalsBased onSystemTheory 369 ZiyeWang,QingyingZhangandMengyaZhang

FuzzyClassificationontheBaseofConvolutional NeuralNetworks ..........................................

A.Puchkov,M.DliandM.Kireyenkova

ModelingofIntellectwiththeUseofComplexConditionalReflexes andSelectiveNeuralNetworkTechnologies ......................

M.Mazurov

PhaseEquilibriainFractal Core-Shell Nanoparticles ofthePb5(VO4)3Cl–Pb5(PO4)3ClSystem:TheInfl uence ofSizeandShape

AlexanderV.Shishulin,AlexanderA.PotapovandVictorB.Fedoseev

ApplicationofNeuralNetworksforControllingtheVibrational SystemBasedonElectricDynamicDrive 415

R.F.Ganiev,S.S.Panin,M.S.DovbnenkoandE.A.Bryzgalov

ADynamicPowerFlowModelConsideringtheUncertainty ofPrimaryFrequencyRegulationofSystem ..................... 425 DaojunChen,NianguangZhou,ChenkunLi,HuGuoandTingCui ADataModeloftheInternetSocialEnvironment ................. 439 AndriyPeleshchyshynandOlegMastykash

AnomalyDetectionofDistributionNetworkSynchronous MeasurementDataBasedonLargeDimensionalRandomMatrix 449 ZhongmingChen,YaoyuZhang,ChuanQing,JierongLiu,JiaqiTang andJingzhiPang

TheHurstExponentApplicationintheFractalAnalysis oftheRussianStockMarket 459 AlexanderLaktyunkinandAlexanderA.Potapov

DevelopmentofModelsandMethodsofVirtualCommunityLife CycleOrganization ......................................... 473 OlhaTrachandAndriyPeleshchyshyn

AFormalApproachtoModelingtheCharacteristicsofUsersofSocial NetworksRegardingInformationSecurityIssues ................. 485 AndriyPeleshchyshyn,VolodymyrVus,SolomiiaAlbota andOleksandrMarkovets

AdvancedMorphologicalApproachforKnowledge-Based Engineering(KBE)inAerospace 495

A.Bardenhagen,M.PecheykinaandD.Rakov

ProblemsofIntelligentAutomationofUnmannedUnderground CoalMining .............................................. 507 AndreyM.ValuevandLudmilaP.Volkova

StructuralandParametricControlofaSignalizedIntersection withReal-Time “Education” ofDrivers ......................... 517

AnatoliyA.SolovyevandAndreyM.Valuev

SomeAspectsoftheMethodforTouristRouteCreation ............ 527 NataliyaShakhovska,KhrystynaShakhovskaandSolomiaFedushko

ExperimentalSubstantiationofSoftCuttingModesMethod 539 P.A.Eremeykin,A.D.ZhargalovaandS.S.Gavriushin

DesignofOxidativePyrolysisControlAlgorithmBasedonFuzzy SafetyAreaandCenterDe finition 549 G.N.Sanayeva,I.E.Kirillov,A.E.Prorokov,V.N.Bogatikov andD.P.Vent

SecureHashFunctionConstructingforFutureCommunication SystemsandNetworks ...................................... 561

SergiyGnatyuk,VasylKinzeryavyy,KarinaKyrychenko, KhalichaYubuzova,MarekAleksanderandRomanOdarchenko

CodeObfuscationTechniqueforEnhancingSoftwareProtection AgainstReverseEngineering ................................. 571

SergiyGnatyuk,VasylKinzeryavyy,IrynaStepanenko,YanaGorbatyuk, AndriiGizunandVitaliiKotelianets

ModernMethodandSoftwareToolforGuaranteedDataDeletion inAdvancedBigDataSystems 581

SergiyGnatyuk,VasylKinzeryavyy,TetyanaSapozhnik,IrynaSopilko, NurgulSeilovaandAnatoliyHrytsak

ComputerImplementationoftheFuzzyModelforEvaluating theEducationalActivitiesoftheUniversity 591 N.Yu.Mutovkina

TemperatureFieldSimulationofGyroUnit-PlatformAssembly AccountingforThermalExpansionandRoughnessofContact Surfaces ................................................. 601 MikhailV.Murashov

ThePrimaryGeo-electromagneticDataPreprocessingReceived fromaModi fiedGeophysicalAutomaticStation 617 RomanKaminskyj,NataliyaShakhovskaandLidiaSavkiv

StatisticalAnalysisofProbabilityCharacteristicsofPrecipitation inDifferentGeographicalRegions 629

MariaVasilieva,AndreyGorsheninandVictorKorolev

TheKnowledgeManagementApproachtoDigitalization ofSmartEducation ........................................ 641

NataliaV.Dneprovskaya,NinaV.KomlevaandArkadiyI.Urintsov

AlgorithmsforAgreementandHarmonizationtheCreativeSolutions ofAgentsinanIntelligentActiveSystem ........................ 651 N.Yu.MutovkinaandV.N.Kuznetsov

DesigninganInformationRetrievalSystemintheArchival SubdivisionofHigherEducationalInstitutions 661 TetianaBilushchak,AndriyPeleshchyshyn,UlyanaYarka andZhannaMyna

TheMannerofSpacecraftProtectionfromPotentialImpactofSpace DebrisastheProblemofSelectionwithFuzzyLogic 673

B.V.Paliukh,V.K.Kemaykin,Yu.G.KozlovaandI.V.Kozhukhin

StructuralSynthesisofSpatial l-CoordinateMechanismswith AdditionalLinksforTechnologicalRobots ...................... 683 V.A.Glazunov,G.V.Rashoyan,A.K.Aleshin,K.A.Shalyukhin andS.A.Skvortsov

CharacteristicsAnalysisforCorporateWi-FiNetworkUsingthe Buzen’sAlgorithm ......................................... 693

ElenaV.KokorevaandKseniaI.Shurygina

TheApplicationofElementsofInformationTheorytotheProblem ofRationalChoiceofMeasuringInstruments 705 I.A.MeshchikhinandS.S.Gavriushin

PowerSystemTransientVoltageStabilityAssessmentBasedon KernelPrincipalComponentAnalysisandDBN 713 ZhangGuoli,GongQingwu,QianWenxiao,LuJianqiang,ZhengBowen, GaoHe,ZhengTingting,WuLiuchuang,ChenWenhui,LiuXu,WangBo andQiaoHui

SimulationandAnalysisofOperatingOvervoltageofACSystem at –800kVConverterStationBasedonEMTS/EMTPE ............ 729 ZhengRen,JiaqiFan,XiaoluChen,HeGao,JianqiangLu andBowenZheng

SimulationStudyandExperimentalAnalysisofCurrentClosure OvervoltageCausedbyHighReactanceontheACBusat –800kV ConverterStation .......................................... 739 PengweYang,RuiWang,CaiXu,WeimngLiuandYingkunHan

StudyofDynamicReactivePowerSupportofSynchronousCondenser onUHVAC/DCHybridPowerSystem 749 BowenZheng,JianqiangLuandHeGao

Wide-AreaFeedbackSignalandControlLocationSelection forLow-FrequencyOscillation ................................ 759 XiaoluChen,XiangxinLi,ZhengRenandTingtingZheng

VoltageQualityEvaluationofDistributionNetwork andCountermeasure ....................................... 771 WeiDeng,YuanJiHuang,LiangZhu,MiaomiaoYuandRongtaoLiao

AuthorIndex ................................................ 785

AdvancesinMathematicsand Bio-mathematics

TheTechnologyforDevelopment ofDecision-MakingSupportServices withComponentsReuse

Abstract Thearticlepresentsthemethodologyandtechnologyofdevelopmentand assemblingofclouddecision-makingsupportsystemswhichuseknowledgebases innetworkrepresentation.Thesystemanalysisofproblemareaandidentification ofknownsubtasksallowstoreusetasksontologiesanddomainontologies,tofind similarproblem-solvingmethodforthesesubtasks.TheIACPaaStechnologyallows toreusesoftwarecomponentswhichimplementcertainsolvingmethodsindevelopmentprocessofsolversofintelligenttasks.Italsoallowstoreuseknowledgebases andotherinformationcomponents,integratingthemwiththesolversatassembling ofclouddecision-makingsupportservices.

Keywords Knowledgebase · Disease · Intelligenttask · Decision-making supportsystem · Ontology · Cloudtechnology · Softwareservice · Component

1Introduction

Anautomationofdailyintelligentactivityanditsqualitymanagementatthepresent stagedemandsupdatingoftechnologiesofintelligentsystems’development,focused onassemblybyreusedsemanticcompatiblecomponents,usingoftheknownproblemsolvermethods(tasksolutionmethods)anditssoftwarerealizations[1–3].The modernplatformsprovidedeveloperswithsetsoftoolsandservicesfordifferent problemandtasksolution,includingthescientificproblemsandfocusingonbigdata processing(theClavire)[4, 5].Themajorityoftheknownclouddecisionsforapplicationdevelopmentsupportrelationalsubmissionofdatabases[5, 6].Therearecloud editorsofknowledgebasesandontologies,supportingobject-orientedsubmission ofinformation(Protege)[7, 8].Thebasisofmanyknowntoolsforontology-based development(Ontowiki,WebProtégé)istheparadigmofobject-orientedontologies

V.Gribova A.Kleschev P.Moskalenko V.Timchenko E.Shalfeeva(B) InstituteforAutomationandControlProcesses,Februs,Russia e-mail: shalf@dvo.ru

©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2020

Z.Huetal.(eds.), AdvancesinArtificialSystemsforMedicineandEducationII, AdvancesinIntelligentSystemsandComputing902, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12082-5_1

[9, 10].Thisparadigmisunfamiliartomostofrealandpotentialexperts,which causesconsiderabledifficultiesinformationofknowledgebases.

Insomedomains,notonlyknowledge,butalsoontologiesofthisknowledgecan bechanged.Basedonthat,newclassesofexpertproblemscanbeformulated.

However,thetechnologiesandtoolsofdevelopmentofspecializedshellsthat wouldallowtomodifyanontologyandrelatedproblemfordecision-makingsupport arenotknownfromtheliterature.

TheIACPaaSplatform(IntelligentApplications,ControlandPlatformasaService)whichdevelopedinIACPFEBRUSfocusedonworkingwithknowledgebases and/ordatainnetworkrepresentationandintellectualservicescreation[11].Rather independentdevelopmentofknowledgebasesandsoftwarepartsofsuchservicesis supported.Theplatformhasaconvenienteditorforformationofknowledgebases, databasesandanotherstoredinformationintermsoftheirmeta-information[11]. Nowadaystherearesupportingtoolsforthreetechnologiesofcloudservicesdevelopment.Eachtechnologypromotesareuseofprogram(software)andinformation componentscreatedearlier[12].

Thispaperaimstodescribeofdecision-makingsupportcloudsoftwaresystem developmenttechnologyallowingtoreuseinformationandprogramcomponentsby theIACPaaStechnology.

2Decision-MakingProblemsandUsedKnowledge

Asystemanalysisistheimportantstagefordecisionsofintelligentactivitysupportandautomatization.Allintelligenttaskssolvedbyspecialists’correctnessof knowledgeusingarediscussed.Wewillcallintelligenttaskthetaskwhichstatement (formaldescriptionoftask)includesknowledgebase(KB)andsituationmodel(its mathematicalabstraction—algebraicsystemAS)asinputoroutput.KBandsituation modelmustbeconsensualwithdomainontology.

Atthesystemanalysisstage,analystsseektorevealinintelligentactivitythose intellectualtaskswhichstatementsareknown(ortodecomposetoknownsubtasks). Thedifferentclassesofintellectualtasks(calledbrieflyfurtherbytasks)areknown, andtheformalstatementsareproposedformanyofthem[13, 14].Allocationof famous(known)subtasksallowstoreuseproblemontologies,structureofprocessed information,methodsofthisinformationprocessingandreusereadycomponents implementingsuchprocessingandsomemethodsthesesubtasksdecisions(problemsolvingmethods).

Itisshownintheofferedmultileveltasksclassification[10]that“geneticlinkage” takesplacebetweensometasks.The“geneticlinkage”isbasedontheprincipleof complicationofdomainproperties(Fig. 1).Thecomplicationofdomainpropertiesis meanttherearenewkindsofdatawhichshouldbeconsideredduringtaskssolutionin “moredifficult”domain(e.g.,time,space,classes,cause-and-effectrelations,events, internalprocessesinsystem,notinherenttoit)andadditionalrestrictions.

Group of problems distinguishing classes

search of hypotheses explaining findings request of additional information for recognition recognition

recognition of a class of situation described by results of dynamic findings

Group of problems related with cause-effect relations control diagno stics diagnostics of situation developing over time forecast forecast of actions results control planning

request of additional

Group of problems considering time monito ring information in different timepoints

Fig.1 Fragmentofmultileveltaskclassification—detailingofproblemofsearchhypotheses, explainingfindings[14]

Inmanydomains,thereareproblemsconsideringclassificationsofsituations,and KBincludesassertionsaboutpropertiesofsituationsofeachclass.

Sometasksarerelatedtoontologieswhichcontaintime-dependentfunctional compliances(forrepresentationoftime-dependentattributesofdynamicsystemor asituation,e.g.,astate).

Inmanydomains,thereareproblemsconsideringtheactions(orderedatleast partially),leading\conductingtosomepurpose.

Soinmultilevelclassificationoftasks,eachcomplicationofadomainisconsideredas“alayerofdomainswithsimilarfeatures”wherenewtasksorexpanded statementsofbasictasksareexpected.Wecanseetheexampleof“geneticrelation” betweentaskofsearchofthehypothesesexplainingfindings,recognitiontaskand taskofdiagnostics(Fig. 1).

Inthetaskofsearchofthehypothesesexplainingfindings,itisrequiredtofind allhypothesescorrespondingtoresultsofobservations(findings[16])ofasystem orasituationandKB,ifthoseobservations(findings)andKBareavailable.

Therecognitiontaskisconsideredasspecificationofataskofsearchofthe hypothesesexplainingfindingswhereitisrequiredtofindallhypothesesofaclass ofthesituationdescribedbythefindings.

Themajorcomponentsofrecognitiontaskcanbesummarizedasfollows: Givens:

• R (resultsofobservationsandcharacteristics);

• KB(knowledgebase).

Goals:

• Tofitcaseintopossibleclasses:classi1, …classik ;

• TofindallexplanationmodelsAS(R,classi1 )andAS(R,classi1 ).

Constraints:

• AllassertionsofKBareconcordanttofindingsandcharacteristics;

• Rcoordinatedwithdomainontology.

Indiagnosticstask,itisrequiredtodefinepossiblecause-and-effectmodelsofa systembyitscharacteristics,observationsandevents,whichweretakenplace.Here, adiagnosisissetofsomeinternalprocessesofthissystemwhicharen’tinherentto it.

Thediagnosistaskcanbesummarizedasfollows:

Givens:

• R (resultsofobservations,characteristicsandevents);

• KB.

Goals:

• Tofitcaseintopossiblediagnoses i1,…, ik;thediagnosisisthesubsetof systeminternalprocesses;

• Tofindallpossiblecause-and-effectmodelsAS(R, i1 )andAS(R, ik )for explanationofdiagnoses i1 ,…, ik

Constraints:

• AllassertionsofKBareconcordanttofindings,characteristicsandevents;

• Allcause-and-effectmodelsareconcordanttoKB

Classificationoftaskswithabove-mentionedgeneticrelationsgivesthechance tochoosesuitabletasks,toconsidertheirmathematicalstatementsandformulate statementsforthetasksofintelligentactivitybeingautomated,concretizingconcepts andabstractionsinthechosenstatements.

3IACPAASServicesDevelopmentTechnologies withReuseofKnowledgeandOtherComponents

Justasthemajorityofcloudplatforms,theIACPaaShasdevelopmenttoolsfor allcomponentsofappliedservices.IACPaaShasmeansofdeclarativesubmission ofknowledgebasesandotherstoredinformationindomaintermsintheformof hierarchicalsemanticnetworks.Thedevelopmentofservicesprocessingdeclarative knowledgemeanscreation(programming)ofspecializedsolvers.

Eachserviceisbeingdesignedwithbyamulti-componentspecializedsolverand informationstoredinFund.Thetechnologyisfocusednotsomuchoncreationof servicesfromscratchhowonassemblyofservicesfromcomponents—new,ready ormodifiedcopiesoftheexistingcomponents.

Themainstagesofservice’sdevelopment(byuniversalIACPaaStechnology) are:

• Creationofinputinformationresources—databasesandknowledgebases;

• Creationoftasksolverassetsofinteractingprogramunits(PU).

TheIACPaaS“KnowledgeBaseonDiagnosisofDiseases”wasformed,representingavarietyofdiseases(Fig. 2).

Tospecifyandconstructtheinputinformationresource(IR),itisnecessaryto takecareofthedescriptionofitsstructure(meta-information).Ifthestructurewas describedearlier,itbeingreused,otherwiseitmustbeformedexplicitlybymetalanguage.Onlyifthestructure(meta-information)ofprocessedIRisavailable,itis possibletostartdesigningofPUwhichprocessestheIR.

Itisnecessarytonoticethatstructureofoutputinformationasruleisuniquefor everyintelligentservice.Thatiswhythecreationofstructureofoutputinformation resourcesisimportantstageofsoftwareservice’sdesigning(inuniversalIACPaaS technology).

SoftwarecomponentsofspecializedsolvershaveanobligatorydeclarativepresentationasIR.EachsuchIRisusedbytheIACPaaSsolverprocessorinthe courseofrunningofservicefordynamicconnectionofcomponents.Thecommon

Fig.2 Fragmentofthediseasediagnosisknowledgebase(IACPaaS)

meta-informationwasformedforconstructingtheseIRdeclarations.Thismetainformationisalwaysreused.

Themainstageofcreationoftheintegratedsolveriscompound“work”;it includescreationofsoftwarelogiccomponents,creationofGUIandcreationof meta-informationforinputandoutputIR.Thisworkcanbeexecutedintwoways: (1)passingconsistentlyallmainstagesoflifecycle,beginningfromrequirements model,or(2)startingatoncetocreationofsolverdesign.

Thefirstwayassumes“theplanningwork,”includingcreationofmodelofrequirements.Declarativerepresentation(declaring)ofasolverintheformofinformation resourcesprovidesapossibilityofthestructuraldescriptionofmodelofrequirements.Thismodelwillbeprojectedontoprogramunitsbeingincludedinsolver architecture.Inthesecondway,asolveriscreatedwithoutthesemodels.Thefirst wayfacilitatesmaintenanceprocess,andthesecondacceleratesobtainingthefirst versionofservice.

Declarativerepresentationofasolvercontainsformalparameterssettingformats oftheprocessedinformationresources(e.g.,meta-informationofusedknowledge bases).Declarativerepresentationofasolvercontainsnameoftherootagentandcan specifysetofallotheragentswhohavetorealizelogicofthesolutionofatask.There aretwolevelsofarchitecturedesigningofasolver.Onecanspecifyasetofallagents atonelevelorspecify“controlflowgraph”whichregisterconcretecommunications ofagentswitheachother.Sothedeclarativerepresentationofasolverisitsdesign model.

Thedevelopmentrequiresalso:todeclareasolver,todeclareeveryPU(an«agent »),toexecutedesignofeveryPU,tocreatetheircommunicationmodel,toexecute codingandtoexecuteloadingandtestingofPU.

4DevelopmentofMedicalSoftwareServiceswithReuse ofKnowledgeBasesandSolvers

Themedicineremainssubjectdomainwheredecision-makingsupportbysoftware servicesstillisn’tprovideduptothemark[15, 16].Somereasonsofthissituation arelaborinputofcreationoftherealknowledgebasestakingintoaccountadevelopmentofprocesseswithtimeandatechnicalpossibilityofcollectiveimprovement ofknowledgebases.Theontology(structure)ofthisknowledge,firstofall,hasto reflectrepresentationofexpertsandbepresentedintheirterms.

OneofmedicalIACPaaSservicesbeingcreatedisintendedforsupportofdecisionsondrugtreatment.Wewillconsiderthepossibilitiesofareuseatcreationofa medicalservice.

OneofmedicalIACPaaSservicesbeingcreatedisintendedforsupportofdecisionsondrugtreatment.Wewillconsiderthepossibilitiesofareuseatcreationof amedicalservice.Thismedicalserviceisbeingcreatedinconditionswhenother medicalservicesarealreadycreatedandplacedonaplatform.Therefore,thereuseof

componentsisexpected.Firstofall,thestructure(meta-information)ofcasehistory (CH)willbereused.CHalreadycreatedforserviceofmedicaldiagnostics.

Itisrequiredinthetaskofdrugtreatment(planningofimpactsonasystem orasituation)todefinesuchsetofeventsandtheirtimepointsatwhichfindings (asfunctionsoftimeincause-and-effectmodelsofasystemorasituation)will reachdesirablevalues,ifcharacteristics,diagnosisanddesirablefindingsofsystem “patient”areknown.

Thetaskofdrugtreatmentofapatientwiththeestablisheddiagnosis(taskof “management”ofapatienthealth)canbesummarizedasfollows:

Givens:

• RO (patient’sfindings,observedsymptomsandcharacteristics);

• (diagnosis);

• Rcond (desirablefindings);

• KB.

Goals:

• Rev atwhichnewfindings R’ ex willmeet Rcond ;

• ExplanationAS(Rex ∪ RO ∪ Rev , , Rcond ⊆ R ex ).

Constraints:

• R ex arefunctionsoftimewhichconcordanttoKB.

Sinceinpracticedoctorsneedconsultationinthistask,butnotsolutionofatask insteadofthem,itisnecessarytoformfullexplanationfor Rev

TheservicesareconstructedfromtwoKB(thetreatmentschemeofconcrete diseaseandTheIndexofmedicaments—descriptionofpharmacologicalmeans), adatabaseofpatient’scasehistoriesandasolvergeneratinganexplanation.Such compositionofserviceprovides(atthecurrentstageofdevelopment)fastassembly ofsimilarservicesfordifferentmedicalprofiles.Inpractice,theanalysisofcontraindicationsoftensorhundredsofknownmedicaments(drugs)withthenecessary pharmacologicalinfluenceisconnectedwithessentialexpensesoftime.Thedoctor, asrule,needsinformationonwhatconcretedrugshouldn’tbeappointedforthis patientwithhis“features.”Theontology(i.e.,structureandameta-information) explanationsofasolveroftreatmentareformed,takingintoconsiderationthese circumstances.

KBofmedicamentsiscommonandreusable;itisdevelopedandisfollowedfor alldomains.ThereareanumberofKBofschemesoftreatment;everyKBiscreated foraseparatemedicalprofileaccordingtothestandardsapprovedbytheMinistry ofHealth(e.g.,thestandardof“medicalcarebythepatientwithacutepancreatitis” isdatedNovember,2007).

TheinputdataforserviceisoneIBorthesetofIBfromwhichthenextIBfor decision-makingwillbechosen.SuchsetofIBisbeingformednotsoforaseparate medicalprofilehowfor“place”ofapplicationofservice(forthedoctororconcrete medicalestablishment).

Letusconsiderthepossibilitiesofareuseatcreationofsoftwarelogiccomponents oftheservice.Thenearesttaskfromthepointofviewofformaldescriptionand problem-solvingmethod(fromtaskclassification[14])isthecontrolplanningtask. Itisrequiredinthetask(planningofcontrol)todefinesuchsetofeventsand theirtimepointsatwhichfactors(asfunctionsoftimeincause-and-effectmodelsof system)willreachdesirablevalues,ifcharacteristics,diagnosisandconditionson factors’valuesareknown.

Thetaskofplanningofcontrolcanbesummarizedasfollows: Givens:

• RO (system’characteristics,propertiesorfactors);

• (diagnosis);

• Cond(conditionsonvaluesofcharacteristics),

• KB.

Goals:

• Rev (setofeventsandtimepoints)atwhichnewcharacteristicsorfactors R ex will meetCond.

Constraints:

• Rev arefunctionsofincause-and-effectmodelsofsystem,concordanttoKB.

Inthepresenceofareadysolverofcontrolplanningtasktogetherwithontology oftheprocessedinformationintheFund,thereuseofthisontologyandofmethod ofdecision-makingforasolveroftaskofdrugtreatmentofthepatientwiththe establisheddiagnosisispossible.Ontologyoftheprocessedinformationisthemetainformationwhichsetsterminologyandassociationsbetweenconcepts.Ithasto bedetailed:Characteristicsandattributesofsystemareconcretizedtothepatient’s characteristics.

Theontologyofknowledgeforplanningofcontrolpresentssuchentitiesand associationsasimpactsonasystemandreactionstoimpacts.Ithastobedetailed formedicinedomain.Asaresult,theontologyfortaskofplanningofcontrolin medicineconcretizessuchassociations:therapeuticimpacts(actions,drugintakes) andreactionstotherapeuticimpacts.

Thesolvercomponentswhichimplementedalgorithmofinformationprocessing anddecision-makingforcontrolplanningtaskcanbeadapted(throughdetailing) formedicinedomain.Thesolvingprocessconsistsofsomesteps.Thefirststep consistsinobtainingamedicamentslistrecommendedtopatientswiththespecified diagnosis.Further,allmedicamentswhicharen’tsuitabletospecificpatient(with specifiedageandother“features”ofanorganism)arebeingeliminatedfromthis list.Itissupposedthatadoctorwillwanttochooseseveralmedicamentsfromthe finallistofpotentiallysuitableones.Theschemeofapplicationisusuallystandard; ifnecessary,itcanbeproposedbysolver.Incaseofajointdisease(poly-pathology), thesolvingprocessanalyzesasetoftherecommendedmedicamentsintermsoftheir compatibilityinsimultaneousreception.

init template

Root

Agent of drug treatment solver

final template

The agent to reveal necessary data from DesHistory

fulfil template

feedback template

The agent to form the list of recommended drugs

The agent to choose wrong drugs

fulfil template fulfil template fulfil template

The agent to form warnings about drugs incompatibility

Exampleoftreatmentsolverarchitecture

Declarativerepresentationofthesolvercontainsreferencetoformatofthetreatmentschemeofconcretedisease,referencetoformatofTheIndexofmedicaments (descriptionofpharmacologicalmeans)andreferencetoformatofstoredsetofCH, anameofrootagent.Besides,dependingonwayofdesigningofasolver,thedeclarationcancontainorasetofnamesofotherprogramunitsoramodelofmessages transferforthosePU.ThesePU(agents)havetoimplementalogicofsolutionofa task;theIACPaaScommunicationsystemhastoregisterconcretecommunications ofPUagentswitheachother(Fig. 3).AprogramunitsofasolverhaveanobligatorydeclarativerepresentationintheformofIRtoo.Oneoftheversionsofthe architectureisshowninFig. 3 (ingraphicalview).

Thistechnologyallowsformingreuseknowledgebasesforamedicalknowledge portal,anddesigninganddevelopingmedicalsystemsforsupportingsolutions.The knowledgeaboutdiagnosticsofdiseasesisplacedontheplatform(Fig. 2).

5Conclusion

ThepapercontainsthemethodologyIACPaaSforintellectualservicesdevelopment andtheirknowledgebasesformation.TheIACPaaScloudtechnologyfacilitates developmentoftheintellectualserviceshavingknowledgebasesinnetworkrepresentationandspecializedsolversprocessingknowledgebasesandotherstored

Fig.3

12V.Gribovaetal.

informationinformofhierarchicalsemanticnetworks.Thedevelopmenttechnologyofservicessupportingusageofpremadedecisionsandtherealizedcomponents ispresented.

Theplatformhastoolsforsupportofcloudservicesdevelopmentbymeansof varioustechnologiesandthetoolsfornetworkknowledgebasesanddatabases.The supportfordevelopment,integrationandmaintenanceofallcomponentsofservices isnecessarytoreceivetheviableintellectualservicesusingknowledgebases.

Acknowledgement TheworkiscarriedoutwiththepartialfinancialsupportoftheRFBR(projects nos.17-07-00956and18-07-01079).

References

1.Akyol,K.,Gültepe,Y.:Astudyonliverdiseasediagnosisbasedonassessingtheimportance ofattributes.Int.J.Intell.Syst.Appl.(IJISA) 9(11),1–9(2017). https://doi.org/10.5815/ijisa. 2017.11.01

2.Choubey,D.K.,Paul,S.:GA_MLPNN:ahybridintelligentsystemfordiabetesdiseasediagnosis.Int.J.Intell.Syst.Appl.(IJISA) 8(1),49–59(2016). https://doi.org/10.5815/ijisa.2016. 01.06

3.Perova,I.,Pliss,I.:Deephybridsystemofcomputationalintelligencewitharchitectureadaptationformedicalfuzzydiagnostics.Int.J.Intell.Syst.Appl.(IJISA) 9(7),12–21(2017). https:// doi.org/10.5815/ijisa.2017.07.02

4.Bukhanovsky,A.V.,etal.:CLAVIRE:perspectivetechnologyofcloudcomputingofthesecond generation.J.Instrum.Eng.(Izvestiyavysshikhuchebnykhzavedeniy.Priborostroenie) 10, 7–14(2011).(inRussian)

5.Sun,L.,Dong,H.,Hussain,F.K.,Hussain,O.K.:Chang,E:cloudserviceselection:state-ofthe-artandfutureresearchdirections.J.Netw.Comput.Appl. 45,134–150(2014)

6.Zhang,Q.,Cheng,L.,Boutaba.R.:Cloudcomputing:state-of-the-artandresearchchallenges. J.InternetServ.Appl.. 1,7–18(2010)

7.Tudorache,T.,Nyulas,C.,Noy,N.F.,Musen,M.A.:WebProtégé:acollaborativeontology editorandknowledgeacquisitiontoolfortheweb.Semant.WebJ. 4,89–99(2013)

8.Zagorulko,Y.A.:Semantictechnologyfordevelopmentofintellectualsystemsorientedto expertsinsubjectdomain.Ontol.Des 2,30–46(2015).(inRussian)

9.OntoWiki:Atoolprovidingsupportforagile,distributedknowledgeengineeringscenarios. [Electronicresource]. http://aksw.org/Projects/OntoWiki.html.Lastaccessed2018/03/20

10.TheProtégéOntologyEditorandKnowledgeAcquisitionSystem.[Electronicresource]. http:// protege.stanford.edu/

11.Gribova,V.V.,Kleshchev,A.S.,Krylov,D.A.,Moskalenko,F.M.,Timchenko,V.A.,Shalfeeva, E.A.:BasictechnologyofdevelopmentofintellectualservicesonthecloudyIACPaaSplatform. Part1.Developmentoftheknowledgebaseandsolveroftasks.ProgramEng. 12,3–11(2015). (inRussian)

12.Sonar,R.M.:Anenterpriseintelligentsystemdevelopmentandsolutionframework.Int.J. Appl.Sci.Eng.Technol. 1,34–39(2007)

13.Puppe,F.:Knowledgereuseamongdiagnosticproblemsolving.MethodsintheShell-KitD3. Int.J.Hum.-Comput.Stud. 49,627–649(1998)

14.Kleschev,A.S.,Shalfeeva,E.A.:Anontologyofintellectualactivitytasks.Ontol.Des. 2, 179–205(2015).(InRussian)

Another random document with no related content on Scribd:

veljelläni ole oikeutta uskoa sellaisen miehen huostaan siksi suuria tuloja kuin tytöllä omaisuudestaan on.

— Mitä sitten arvelette tehdä?

— Veljeni on ajanut rengin talosta pois, ja minä koetan pitää tyttöä entistä ankaramman valvonnan alaisena. Muuta keinoa ei ole olemassa. Koko tässä jutussa olen onnellinen siitä, että asiat eivät vielä päässeet liian pitkälle kehittymään.

Joku aika sen jälkeen, muutamia päiviä myöhemmin kertoi liikemies minulle, että tyttö oli eräänä yönä avannut ikkunansa ja karannut tavatakseen tuon rengin, joka jollain erikoisella tavalla oli saanut lähetettyä hänelle kirjeen.

Tyttö joutui tämän jälkeen tavattoman ankaran valvonnan alaiseksi, ja he palkkasivat varsinaisen hoitajattaren, joka aina oli hänen seurassaan, mutta se oli nyt jo liian myöhäistä. Vahinko oli tapahtunut.

Eräänä päivänä tuli liikemies luokseni ilmoittamaan, että holhokkinsa oli raskaana.

Tämä ilmoitus tuntui aivan siltä kuin minua olisi lyöty vasten kasvoja, häväisty koko maailman edessä. Tunsin itseni tavallaan syylliseksi tähän onnettomuuteen, sillä jos aivan rehellisesti olisin menetellyt, olisi minun aikaisemmin täytynyt suostua liikemiehen ehdottamaan leikkaukseen tai jyrkästi vaatia, että tyttö oli lähetettävä hulluinhuoneeseen.

Holhooja oli hyvin kiihoittunut. Hän suorastaan syytti minua.

— Vaikka en pidäkkään itseäni tähän asiaan aivan syyttömänä, sanoi hän, niin lankee kuitenkin suurin syy Teidän niskoillenne. Minä olen tytön suhteen menetellyt sillä tavoin, kuin yleisen ihmisrakkauden kannalta katsottuna olen pitänyt oikeana. Olen nähnyt vaaran, sen myönnän, mutta en ole osannut pitää sitä kyllin suurena. Minä en ole osannut löytää niitä keinoja, joilla olisin varjellut huostaani uskottua ihmiselämää. Mutta Te kaiken tiesitte, Teidän täytyy virkanne puolesta kaikki ymmärtää ja olette kuitenkin menetellyt niin, että tämä kaikki on tullut mahdolliseksi. Jos Te tuona hetkenä, jona tytön kohtalo oli Teidän päätettävänänne, olisitte jyrkästi sanonut minulle, että hän on pantava hulluinhuoneeseen, niin olisin luonnollisesti seurannut Teidän määräyksiänne, koska kerran täydellä luottamuksella olin kääntynyt puoleenne. Sen sijaan Te vastasitte tavalla, jossa annoitte minulle oikeuden itse päättää, ja tiedättehän, että silloin annoin sydämeni toimia.

Hän käveli hetkisen kiivaasti huoneessani, pysähtyi sitten eteeni ja sanoi:

— Teidän täytyy nyt sovittaa se, mitä silloin rikoitte.

— Mitä tarkoitatte?

— Teidän täytyy tehdä nyt enemmän kuin silloin.

— Mitenkä?

— Teidän täytyy surmata sikiö ennen syntymistä ja tehdä tyttö senjälkeen steriiliksi.

— Minä en voi, minä en saa, minulla ei ole siihen oikeutta!

— Oikeutta, oikeutta, sanoi hän kiivaasti, silläkö puolustatte itseänne, kun olette tekemässä suurinta vääryyttä. Sen mukaan kuin minä ymmärrän lääkärin tehtävän maailmassa, on hänen autettava ja parannettava yhteiskuntaa, eikä jättämällä jotain tekemättä tuotettava onnettomuutta. Ajatelkaahan, että lapsi voi elää, voi varttua, voi lisätä yhteiskuntaa. Ja Te tyynenä annatte sen tapahtua!

Minä en uskaltanut hänelle tunnustaa, kuinka oikeassa hän oli mielestäni.

— Jos Te nyt tämän kaiken teette, sanoi hän jälleen tyynellä äänellä, niin eihän kukaan siitä tiedä, kaikki pysyy salassa. Onhan aivan luonnollista, että minä en ilmaise mitään kellekään ja mitä tyttöön tulee, niin ei hän asioita ymmärrä.

Minä aijoin jo ehdottaa, että lapsen syntyessä tappaisin sen, kun samalla huomasinkin, että sen kautta ei olisi mitään voitettu, sillä sama vaara uhkaisi jälleen tyttöä. Kun aistillisuus kerran oli hänessä herännyt, niin tulee se hänessä pysymään, tulee olemaan sitä valtavampi, kun järkevä ihminen ainoastaan järkensä avulla voi sen pitää aisoissa. Joko minun täytyi pelkurina väistää kaikkea tai sitten suostua sekä sikiön surmaamiseen että tytön steriiliksi tekemiseen. Minä olin aivan kuin ajettu umpisokkeloon, josta en voinut päästä pois muuten kuin tekemällä tekoja, joiden tähden itseäni joko halveksisin tai tuomitsisin.

Kuinka minä kadehdin niitä virkaveljiäni, jotka lääkäritoimensa käsittävät ainoastaan ammatiksi, jotka tekevät sen, mitä heitä pyydetään tekemään, ajattelematta mitään muuta, kuin että saavat mahdollisimman paljon rahaa. He tekevät ne leikkaukset, joissa he tietävät onnistuvansa, ja jättävät ne tekemättä, jotka ovat epävarmoja. He väistävät jokaista sellaista asiaa, jonka kautta he

joutuisivat ristiriitaan lain ja asetusten kanssa. He pitävät itseään tavallaan käsityöläisten veroisina ja ovat melkein tyytyväisiä siitä, että suuri yleisö pitää heitä olentona, joka on poppamiehen ja puoskarin välillä. He eivät päästäkään potilaita puhumaan mistään sellaisesta, joka olisi ulkopuolella kurssikirjojen määräämää tautiluetteloa.

Minä tunsin itseni niin kummallisen väsyneeksi. Oli niin toivotonta elää maailmassa keskellä yhteiskuntaa, joka asettaa lääkärin terveen elämän valvojaksi ja sitoo hänet niin monilla määräyksillään, vanhoilla ennakkoluuloillaan, että lääkäri ehdottomasti tulee sairaan elämän edistäjäksi.

Mitä hyötyä siitä olisi, vaikka tässä yhdessä tapauksessa menettelisinkin sen mukaan, mitä oman vakaumukseni kannalta oli oikea, kun kuitenkaan en toisissa samanlaatuisissa tapauksissa ehkä enään voisikaan toimia samoin? Eikö silloin ollut parasta heittää kaikki toistaiseksi sikseen, mukautua yhteiskunnan asettamiin määräyksiin, säilyttää sen kautta rauhansa, olla ainoastaan virkamies, joka tekee hänelle määrätyn tehtävän?

Syvällä säälillä katselin tuota edessäni olevaa miestä, joka pyrkiessään tekemään hyvää oli iskenyt päänsä siihen ennakkoluulojen muuriin, millä hyvänkin tekeminen tehdään mahdottomaksi.

Laskin käteni hänen olalleen ja sanoin niin sydämellisesti kuin suinkin voin:

— Ystävä parka, me molemmat seisomme tällä hetkellä samassa asemassa. Me pyrimme johonkin vapaamielisempään ja parempaan käsityskantaan, mutta toteuttaaksemme sen, täytyisi meidän tehdä

rikos. Kun meidän kuitenkin on valittava tässä tapauksessa jokin toimimismuoto, niin elkäämme ottako tätä yksityistä tapausta varteen, vaan ajatelkaamme kaikkia samanlaatuisia tapauksia. Aina en kuitenkaan voisi menetellä sillä tapaa kuin katsoisin oikeaksi. Jos tällä kertaa sen tekisin, niin tapahtuisihan se ainoastaan senvuoksi, että tahtoisin Teiltä säästää suuren ikävyyden. Mutta Te ette saa halveksia minua senvuoksi, että noudatan lakia.

— Te ette siis voi tehdä mitään?

— En.

— Ette tahdokaan?

— En.

— Mutta miten tytön sitten käy?

— Toivokaamme, että lapsi ei kauaakaan elä, ja varjellaksemme häntä vastaisuudessa samanlaatuisesta onnettomuudesta, sulkekaa hänet hulluinhuoneeseen.

Hän ei sanonut sanaakaan. Hän katsoi vain pitkään minuun ja läksi pois hyvästi heittämättä.

Minä häpesin. Häpesin sitä, että olin lääkäri ja sitä, että yleensä olin ihminen.

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LÄÄKÄRIN

PÄIVÄKIRJA: NOVELLEJA ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE

PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™

License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY,

DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES

- Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party

distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted

by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6.

INDEMNITY

- You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™

Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project

Gutenberg

Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of

compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary

Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.

Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.