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Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.

This is the mantra I was taught growing up as one way to combat the urge to overconsume. Though we are reminded daily in the Northern Wilds of our planet’s intricate nature, complex systems, and exquisite beauty, the month of April encompasses Earth Day, so we decided to take a closer look at how our North Shore communities are looking out for the environment surrounding us.

Re, as a prefix, means again and again. It turns out there are many ways to use things again.

From Thunder Bay, Julia Prinselaar writes about the coal-fired power plant that was recently converted to run using biomass. In Grand Marais, the city and Cook County Local Energy Project have been laying the groundwork to install a biomass heat plant to provide heat for the city’s largest public buildings and some private commercial buildings. Biomass uses leftover slash from logging operations and sawdust from sawmills as fuel, making the energy re newable.

Kim and Shem Falter write about ways to embrace the challenges of northern gardening. It can be difficult to grow vegetables in rocky soil and with a limited growing season. Re using materials to build a hoophouse or raised beds can make your thumb a little greener.

We have stories in Along the Shore about a group that builds play houses for a community out of recycled doors. And in Grand Marais, four women got together to form a non-profit store called Oddz & Endz that re stores and resells items that may have previously ended up in the trash.

A new report from the DNR with moose numbers for the year gave us pause, especially when juxtaposed with stories about the DNR moose calf collaring program in recent years. Writer Joseph Friedrichs looks at this issue in greater detail—controversy and all. Gord Ellis gives some tips on steelhead fishing, and Elle Andra-Warner covers the beginnings of the 3M Corporation, which started in Two Harbors.

Spring is a time of re newal. New Year’s resolutions might better be formed in April, when we are inspired by the earth’s capacity to grow again. Certainly these spring months are a time of re juvination.

I am also choosing this month to start again. This will be my last issue as managing editor for Northern Wilds. I will still be writing stories for the magazine, so you will see my byline now and then. I will also be trouncing around the woods and starting new endeavors, so I’m sure I will see you around.—Erin Altemus

PUBLISHERS

Shawn Perich & Amber Pratt

EDITORIAL

Shawn Perich, Editor editor@northernwilds.com

Erin Altemus, Managing Editor erin@northernwilds.com

Richard “Deke” Burnham, Editorial Assistant deke@northernwilds.com

ADVERTISING

Sue O’Quinn, Sales Representative sue@northernwilds.com

GRAPHIC DESIGN

Katie Viren • katie@northernwilds.com

Kate Watson • kate@northernwilds.com

OFFICE

Roseanne Cooley • billing@northernwilds.com

CONTRIBUTORS

Mary Amerman, Elle Andra-Warner, Kim Casey, Dick Dorr, Gord Ellis, Kim Falter, Gary Fiedler, Linden Figgie, Joseph Friedrichs, Dawn LaPointe, Kelsey Roseth, Javier Serna

Copyright 2015 by Northern Wilds Media, Inc.

Published 12 times per year. Subscription rate is $28 per year or $52 for 2 years U.S. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part requires written permission from the publishers. Northern Wilds Media, Inc. P.O. Box 26, Grand Marais, MN 55604 (218) 387-9475 (phone/fax)

Building playhouses and lives with reused materials

DULUTH—It’s amazing what an old door, recycled paint, and a few pieces of lumber can do for a community.

For a week of service, students from Northwestern College in Iowa worked with the Coldwater Foundation, a leadership development organization based out of Grand Marais, to build playhouses out of recycled doors for the Lincoln Park Children & Families Collaborative in Duluth. Coldwater partnered with Western Lake Superior Habitat for Humanity to construct and assemble the playhouses and paint the collaborative’s facility.

The motivation for the playhouses was a need to replace the well-loved, dilapidated play structure that kids at the collaborative had made out of large cardboard boxes.

“There was an ice cream shop, a library and a gas station that they cut out curved arches to drive their little bikes through,” said Executive Director Jodi Broadwell. “They loved it. They played with the city until it was falling apart.”

The Lincoln Park Children & Families Collaborative was created when Lincoln Park Elementary school closed in 2011, and the early childhood services moved out of the Lincoln Park neighborhood.

“Some folks came together to form the organization because they wanted to make sure that there would be access to early childhood services,” Broadwell said. “The vision was that we would still remain and there would still be early childhood services in this building.”

Though the location was ideal, the space needed some renovation.

The initial idea for the project began when Habitat for Humanity contacted Broadwell about a group of volunteers from Northwestern College hosted by Coldwater Foundation that was looking for ways to serve in the Duluth area.

“Habitat approached me,” Broadwell said, “and I welcomed them with open arms. This was a great opportunity for us to get our space together.”

Kevin Sutton, director of Coldwater Foundation, adapted a simple design that Habitat had found for the playhouses. The A-frame structure has a six-by-six base with three A-frame braces on either side, all attached to a ridgeline pole. Two doors are laid into the frames on both sides of the playhouse to mount the roof.

“From the dimensions of the doors, we came up with a cut list, then purchased materials,” Sutton said. “We assembled everything in the Habitat shop then took it over and reassembled them in the collaborative’s space.”

Except for the lumber and carpet squares on the base frame, all the materials were repurposed. The doors and cedar tree ridgeline were from the ReStore in Superior, and Broadwell chose paint from the free paint shelf at the Western Lake Superior Sanitary District.

The collaborative fosters a mentality of social connectedness and cooperation among neighbors and families.

“A lot of stuff we do is about safe, family gatherings,” Broadwell said, “connecting families with each other, connecting families with resources and trying to strengthen the community in Lincoln Park. If we know about a resource in the community that a family needs, we can connect or refer them.”

The collaborative continues making strides to respond to social, emotional, and economic needs of residents and families in Lincoln Park.

“Lincoln Park is the most impoverished neighborhood in Duluth,” Broadwell said, “and a lot of people who live here don’t have cars or proper transportation.”

The collaborative hosts weekly parent meetings to discuss welfare policies and available support, a Monday night family dinner, family gatherings and is open to other services that help promote healthy living and cross-cultural relationships.

“Lincoln Park is the most diverse neighborhood in Duluth,” Broadwell said. “There’s a lot of fear of the other sometimes, so when people can get together and hang out with people who look different than them or come from a different culture, then that fear kind of goes away. You see that people are just people.”

Mental and physical health is integral to all of the collaborative’s programs, as is evident by their partnerships with Lincoln Park On the Move Coalition, Local Initiative Support Corporation, and Meet on the Street.

“We’re promoting a healthy community,” Broadwell said, “not only as far as building cross-cultural relationships and having healthy attachments with our kids, but just being able to get outside, walk the trails. Walk and bike to work.”

The work of the collaborative is evident to others, in particular the new partners.

“Everything they do is empowering people to go to work and be self-sufficient,” Sutton said. “It’s not a charity model—it’s an empowerment, capabilities development model. I liked being a part of that.”

Broadwell hopes to see the vibrancy and outreach expand.

“I hope to see a big calendar that has all the different organizations in the city that are using our space for their services so that it’s easier for Lincoln Park families to connect,” Broadwell said.

“I was super into it,” Broadwell said. “I like to do everything as free as possible, and reuse stuff.”

The team and partners managed to paint the space and build two playhouses in the three days they worked at the collaborative.

“To have two playhouses is awesome,” Broadwell said, “and a great way to reuse

those doors, to give the kids something to play with in here.”

Repurposing materials and utilizing resources is fitting for the collaborative.

“We don’t invent new early childhood services,” Broadwell said, “but we provide a safe, welcoming place for existing early childhood services to do their services here in our space.”

When an old door is used as a roof, creativity and imagination happen. Broadwell and the Lincoln Park Children & Families Collaborative show that when organizations and resources collaborate to empower people and families to live well, communities strengthen.— Linden Figgie

[LEFT] Northwestern College, Iowa, student Mark Dykstra hangs one of the doors for the playhouse roof at the Lincoln Park Children & Families Collaborative’s space. | LINDEN FIGGIE [RIGHT] Northwestern College, Iowa, student Jenna Beeson secures the A-frame posts for the playhouses. | LINDEN FIGGIE

Lincoln Park Children & Families Collaborative Executive Director Jodi Broadwell (left), Coldwater Foundation Executive Director Kevin Sutton, Coldwater Foundation staff member Linden Figgie, and Northwestern College, Iowa, students gather in front of the finished playhouses. | LINDEN FIGGIE

Waiting for grass at Superior National

LUTSEN—At Superior National Golf Course, they’re just waiting for the grass to grow. Last fall, contractor MidAmerica Golf and Landscape, Inc. completed Phase 1 of a $4.5 million renovation project, the River Nine. Grass seeding took place last fall and new Ohio white sand bunkers were put in place. Five tee boxes were installed, replacing four there previously.

“Golfers will be able to play from broader yardage,” said Logan Dahlke, Superior National’s director of golf.

The course is committed to maintaining 18 holes open for play during renovation, so Phase 2 won’t begin until River Nine opens, which Dalke hopes will be this fall. Then work will begin on the next nine holes, The Canyon. The third phase is to renovate the nine holes comprising The Mountain. This summer, The Canyon will be the front nine and The Mountain will be the back nine.

Dalke is excited about the expected improvements. He said the white sand bunkers have liners for better drainage. The greens are USGA certified and new double irrigation lines will supply water. Golfers will traverse the course on a new, asphalt cart path.

“It’s gonna be a brand new golf course,” Dalke said. “We’re just waiting on photosynthesis.”—Shawn Perich

Improvements to Superior National include white sand bunkers and double irrigations lines. | SUBMITTED

Paint recycling comes to Grand Marais

GRAND MARAIS—Area residents can now conveniently recycle old and unwanted paint during store hours at Buck’s Hardware Hank in Grand Marais.

There is no charge for dropping off paint. Funding for the statewide paint recycling program is supported by a nominal fee on newly purchased house paint, stain and varnish.

The collected paint will be recycled or properly disposed of by PaintCare, a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit that develops and implements paint stewardship programs for the paint industry throughout the U.S.

“Buck’s Hardware Hank joins more than 160 paint and hardware stores throughout Minnesota that are accepting leftover cans of latex and oil paint, stain and varnish from households and professional house painters,” said Jeremy Jones, manager of the Minnesota PaintCare program.

“These retailers are playing a key role in the paint industry’s product stewardship initiative that was authorized by the state legislature and signed into law by Gov. Dayton back in 2013.”

“In the past, recycling paint in our county was only possible once or twice a year, and you just had to hope you were around on those days,” said Tracy Benson, man -

ager of Buck’s Hardware Hank. “Partnering with PaintCare gives our community an easy option for recycling leftover paint and matches our county’s culture of environmental stewardship.”

Until now, county-managed household hazardous waste sites have been the primary programs for collecting leftover paint. Jones said residents should continue to take unwanted paint thinner, turpentine and other household chemicals to the local household hazardous waste site for recycling. They cannot be accepted by Buck’s Hardware Hank and other PaintCare drop-off locations.

Duluth Traverse Trail Project gets another boost

DULUTH—On March 3, Mayor Don Ness, Loll Designs, the Minnesota Power Foundation and Cyclists of Gitchee Gumee Shores (COGGS) announced Loll Designs’ donation of $30,000 and Minnesota Power Foundation’s donation of $35,000 to the Duluth Traverse. A project of COGGS and the City of Duluth, the Duluth Traverse will be the largest urban, single-track trail system in the nation.

“The Duluth Traverse will be the world’s premier urban mountain biking experience because of the passion of volunteers and the enthusiastic support of the community,” Ness says. “Loll and Minnesota Power are committed to making this vision a reality, and each dollar of their generous contributions will be stretched to the max by the passion, dedication and professionalism COGGS is known for. This is a community-based project and a community-based success story.”

”Over the past few years, COGGS has gained a tremendous amount of momentum and support. Last year was our largest trail building season since the inception of this project,” says COGGS Fundraising Coordinator Pamela Schmitt. “This is largely due to the leadership of organizations like Loll Designs and the Minnesota Power Foundation that recognize the importance of the Duluth Traverse and what it means for our broader community. Whether it is our own residents’ access to public green spaces or Duluth’s thriving tourism industry, the Traverse is attracting and retaining healthy and active individuals to live, work, study and play in Duluth.”

“As a Duluth company that has had success selling our products nationally and worldwide, we believe in giving back locally to help improve the state and community we live in,” says Greg Benson, Loll founder and CEO. “Loll is proud to support COGGS’ vision of the nation’s largest urban, multiuse, trail system—right in our hometown of Duluth.”

Loll’s donation is part of the company’s participation in Patagonia’s 1% for the

Planet program, through which Loll contributes 1 percent of its annual sales to organizations working toward preservation and restoration of the natural environment. This contribution marks Loll’s second $30,000 donation to COGGS, after also selecting the organization as a 2014 recipient. This brings total contributions from Loll to more than $60,000.

“We are thrilled to form this partnership and assist COGGS and the City of Duluth in building the world’s premier urban biking experience right here in Duluth,” says Aimee Curtis, director of the Minnesota Power Foundation. “The Duluth Traverse epitomizes the community engagement and environmental stewardship values we embrace at Minnesota Power.”

To date, 54 miles of the planned 100mile trail have been completed. If COGGS continues at its current pace, COGGS Chair Waylon Munch estimates the entire trail could be completed as soon as 2017, at a total cost of around $4 million when finished.

Key Duluth Traverse players include: [LEFT TO RIGHT] Pam Schmitt, COGGS Fundraising Coordinator; Aimee Curtis, Director of the Minnesota Power Foundation; Greg Benson, Loll Designs CEO; Waylon Munch, COGGS Chair.

The Lift Bridge descent. | SUBMITTED

Nipigon River bridges have rich history; new bridge will up the ante

NIPIGON—The construction of a new four-lane cable-stayed bridge over the Nipigon River, which began in the summer of 2013, is at an exciting phase. According to Annemarie Piscopo, the Communications Coordinator with the Ontario Ministry of Transportation, Northwestern Region, the foundations and tower components for the westbound lanes are finished.

“Through the spring and summer of 2015 we will see the contractor erecting the structural steel cables and concrete deck components for the westbound lanes, with a planned opening of these two lanes to traffic by the end of 2015. For the remaining two years of this project, we will see the removal of the existing bridge and construction of the new eastbound lanes,” Piscopo said.

The cable-stayed bridge will be a first in the province of Ontario. Environmentally friendly in overall design, it will be 252 meters long with towers rising 70 meters above the river. The bridge will also be the starting point for a four-lane highway between Nipigon and Thunder Bay.

The pedestrian walkway will offer a spectacular view of the Nipigon River gorge and surrounding area. In the evening the architecture will become even more enchanting with its blue lighting. It was designed by McCormick Rankin and Buckland-Taylor.The general contractor is

The first bridge over the Nipigon River for automobiles was built during the Great Depression of the 1930s. The river currents and railway tracks made its completion challenging.

The labourers were paid 30 cents an hour, and Lorne W. Oliver, author of “The Nipigon Bridge of ’37” described the making of the steel coffer dams as dangerous. The men had ropes tied to their waists, “while the steam-driven pile driver hammered away driving the piling into the river bed,” Oliver said. The bridge’s steel truss, lattice and plate girder and concrete structure was 229.3 meters

long and 25 meters above the rushing water.

On September 24, 1937, a film crew from the United States recorded its grand opening. The film was shown throughout North America and celebrated the important link the bridge would play in uniting the western and eastern shores of Canada. An elderly couple from Nipigon who ran a boarding house were two of the first to cross over the impressive bridge in their Chevy touring automobile. Lorne W. Oliver went along for the ride. He found the ribbon-cutting ceremony more impressive than the drive to Rossport. The gravel road, “left a lot to be desired,” Oliver said.

It was not until 1962 that the Trans-Canada highway was officially opened across the country.

The second bridge was built alongside the first one, and was completed in 1974. It was 248 meters long, and approximately 25 meters above the river. Unlike the first structure, it had a section for pedestrians. And unlike the one presently under construction, its supports could not be seen from above. Ray Krisciunas, an engineer with the Ministry of Transportation, explained that with a cable-stayed bridge, people can see how it’s being held together. —Kim Casey

Bot Ferrovial Nipigon Joint Venture.

April is National Child Abuse Prevention Month

Architectural rendering of the finished bridge, expected in 2017. | SUBMITTED

Oddz & Endz store means less goes to landfill

GRAND MARAIS—Oddz & Endz is the newest non-profit in Grand Marais attempting to repurpose and recycle the waste stream coming out of town. Grand Marais has no city dump. All trash is trucked out of town and down the shore, so it’s no surprise that ditching your trash is expensive. A few places take clothes, dishes, and books, but no one was taking furniture or usable construction materials until last year, when four women—EvaLyn Carlson, Sharon Bloomquist, Sandi Furlow, and Arlis Thompson—came up with the idea of opening a reuse kind of store, because they often saw furniture sitting out on people’s lawns (sometimes in the rain) with a “free” sign.

“We had a sense about how there are people in need,” Thompson said. “We wanted to get stuff to a spot where anyone can get access.”

So last June, these women, along with a lot of volunteers, opened shop in the location known as the former bowling alley, or former temporary co-op, up on the hill. It’s been a work-in-progress, but today the place is full of items looking for a new home. Some of the furniture is tastefully arranged in mock dining room displays. There is a mancave and a pet corner in the back of the store, where you will most likely find tools or pet supplies. There are materials for building projects too.

The four women each put in many hours, some in the store, some restoring donated items at home. Thompson said it’s basically a fulltime job, but no one gets paid, it’s all volunteer.

There have been some items donated that can’t be resold in the store, such as the nine bathroom sinks that came in last summer—they went to the Habitat for Humanity Re-store in Superior. Other items have gone to special places, such as the collection of wigs that came from an es -

tate—they went to St. Luke’s hospital where cancer patients can use them.

According to EvaLyn Carlson, Oddz & Endz has flipped the items in the store at least three times since they opened.

This summer, Carlson said they will add a garden and plants to attract bees and butterflies and places to sit outside. Volunteers are always welcome to come help in any way they can—cashiering, painting, organizing, and restoring items that come in.

The store has non-profit status and store profits are donated to other non-profits. Each volunteer gets to designate funds based on how many volunteer hours they have put in and to a charity of their choice. The only costs are rent, heat, lights and insurance, Thompson said.

The building that houses Oddz & Endz is currently for sale, but Thompson said, if it sells, they will simply relocate.

“We do this on a wing and a prayer,” she said.—Erin Altemus

Funding for North Shore forests

DULUTH—As part of a national partnership, the U.S. Forest Service and Natural Resource Conservation Service are coordinating technical resources and funds totaling $200,000 to support forest restoration efforts along the North Shore of Lake Superior.

Since much of the North Shore is in private ownership, a concerted effort between public and private landowners is essential to achieving forest restoration at a landscape scale. Thanks to this new partnership, agency personnel will be jointly dedicated to coordinating small-scale work on private land with larger-scale activities on National Forest System land. Through consolidation, treatments will be more economical and seamless.

In the North Shore project, restoring long-lived conifers and other native species is critical to developing a forest

that is resilient in the face of climate change and other disturbances. By improving the health and resiliency of the forest landscape, this effort will help to protect tributary streams, mitigate wildfire threats, provide wildlife and fish habitat, and maintain the visual corridor along Hwy. 61, a National and State Scenic Byway.

This project is part of a larger landscape restoration effort along the North Shore of Lake Superior being led by the North Shore Forest Collaborative. The Collaborative is made up of more than 30 entities that are committed to large-scale restoration of the lakeside forest, including: Tribal, federal, state and county agencies; non-profit organizations; and private landowners.

A tasteful display of items for sale at Oddz & Ends. | ERIN ALTEMUS

Biomass: Fuel from the Forest

In an area comprised of more forest than parking lots, using the natural and renewable resources instead of fossil fuels to heat and generate electricity makes logical sense. Biomass has been around for a long time, but only recently has the technology become more cost effective and a cleaner technology. A former coal-burning electricity plant in Thunder Bay recently converted its operation to burn biomass. In Grand Marais, the city hopes to implement a biomass heating plant. As fossil fuels become more expensive and we look at new and cleaner energy systems, biomass may become more prevalent, especially on the North Shore.

Thunder Bay Generation Station

By Julia Prinselaar

Gazing upwards, my eyes squint to make out the top of a towering concrete structure, known colloquially as “the stack.” For the last 50 years, this 193-meter appendage of the Thunder Bay Generating Station has been a staunch declaration of industry, spewing sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, mercury, carbon dioxide and other trace chemicals into the air.

Situated next to the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority’s Mission Island Marsh, the plant had been burning coal to generate electricity from 1963 until 2014.

In February of this year, the Thunder Bay Generating Station (TBGS) converted to use advanced biomass. The tiny wood pellets repel water and are manufactured from sawdust in Norway.

Much like the neighbouring Atikokan Generating Station west of Thunder Bay, both facilities operate on an as-needed basis to dispatch energy during times of peak demand, and to back up hydroelectric generation in low-water years and intermittent power sources like wind and solar.

Dr. Mathew Leitch, director of Lakehead University’s Wood Science and Testing Facility, says advanced biomass is the way to go. The carbon and toxic output when burning coal is greater than burning a renewable fuel.

“With coal it’s mostly the toxins, they contribute largely to greenhouse gases and of course it’s stuff that’s been stored inside the planet,” said Leitch. “Advanced biomass is much cleaner. The way that it’s produced, the way that it burns, it’s considered to be a very neutral system. You’re not really creating more carbon for the atmosphere because when we harvest the trees to create the pellets, we plant more trees that will absorb the carbon that you’ve released. Hence it’s referred to as a carbon neutral source.”

The plant’s conversion stemmed from the Ontario government’s mandate to phase out coal burning by the end of 2014, and is attracting interest from around the world. Ontario Power Generation (OPG), which operates the TBGS, sponsors the OPG BioEnergy Learning and Research Centre at Confederation College, which will include a fully functional “living lab” located within the campus’ main boiler house.

“This conversion, along with the associated research program, aligns with the City’s strategic priorities and efforts to further develop our knowledge-based economy, as well as putting the infrastructure in place to prepare for growth in the resource sector—a critical measure to advance Thunder Bay’s economic diversification,” said Thunder Bay Mayor Keith Hobbs.

The Ontario government says it will determine the long-term future of the generating station in three to five years. For now, converting the TBGS from coal to advanced biomass maintains about 60 jobs.

“Converting to advanced biomass is a positive step forward for the Northern Ontario economy. It keeps jobs at the Thunder Bay Generating Station and shows that our community and the Province of Ontario are world leaders in generating sustainable energy,” said Michael Gravelle, MPP for Thunder Bay-Superior North.

Some of the plant’s senior members said they were pleased with the facility’s conversion, and are happy to see the plant remain open.

“It’s exciting to be part of the [advanced] biomass program and creating energy from a renewable resource, a carbon-neutral source,” said Serge Bowness, thermal operating supervisor at the TBGS. “It could be like a legacy for the kids.”

Advanced biomass pellets being delivered. | ONTARIO POWER GENERATION

Heating a City from its Own Backyard

By Erin Altemus

The “eat local” movement may soon evolve into a “heat local” movement, and Grand Marais could be a leading example of this if a city biomass project can get funding.

In simple terms, an industrial scale bio mass heating system is just a bigger version of your average household outdoor wood boiler, except that it’s way more efficient and burns with fewer emissions. Accord ing to George Wilkes, president of the Cook County Local Energy Project (CCLEP), us ing biomass to provide heat on a large scale is actually quite a simple technology.

CCLEP came up with the idea about five years ago, based on successful communi ty-scale biomass heating systems that they found in Europe. In essence, there would be a central boiler housed in a plant to be built in the Cedar Grove Business Park on the outskirts of Grand Marais. The boil er would be fed with hog fuel (any wood by-product or waste that can be used for fuel) that comes from Hedstrom’s Lum ber Mill outside of town, and/or from the slash left at local and regional logging oper ations. The boiler would heat water piped to businesses and public facilities around Grand Marais, where heat exchangers would capture the heat from hot water and transfer that heat to each building’s own heating system (they can heat with hot wa ter or forced air, it doesn’t matter).

Instead of trucking propane and fuel to Grand Marais from hundreds if not thousands of miles away, Grand Marais would be able to use a heat-source that comes from a by-product of the area logging industry. The end result, said CCLEP, would be millions of dollars saved in heating costs over the next few decades, fewer carbon emissions, and energy stability and independence—not to mention that this project could serve as an important model for other communities exploring biomass options.

A project of this scale is complicated, especially considering the variables involved. One of the most complicated parts, and of course the first concern that comes to the mind of taxpayers, is cost. Both CCLEP and the City of Grand Marais plan to fund this project using as little local property tax money as possible.

To date, the Grand Marais Biomass District Heating Project (as it’s formally called) has spent $715,000 to research the project, perform various analyses, develop a detailed engineering plan, secure more funding, and submit the project to the Legislature for possible funding. Of this total, $10,000 came from the City of Grand Marais (from the city council previous to the November 2014 elections). The rest has come from the Cook County 1 percent sales tax (80 percent of which is funded by visitors), the U.S. Forest Service, the Blandin Foundation and the state Department of Agriculture.

And then there’s the question of how much the project will cost to install and maintain. The estimate for total cost (put together in a lengthy proposal by FVB En -

This shows the locations of proposed initial customers and how the hot water would travel to these buildings. | CCLEP

gineering) is $14.5 million. Wilkes says that outside grant money is integral to funding the project, and the hope is to secure Legislature bonding funds to pay a portion of the project costs. Bonding funds did not come through in 2014, but the City of Grand Marais will submit the proposal again for the 2016 bonding cycle and the proposal will be much improved this time around.

The balance of the project cost would be financed by a loan, which would be obtained for one-half to two-thirds of the total cost, depending on interest rates. If interest rates were low enough (about 2 percent), the entire project could be financed. To obtain a loan like this, however, customer contracts must already be in place. Each customer must agree to purchase heat from the Grand Marais Public Utilities Commission (which will own the biomass plant) for 25 years. The customers would not need to pay anything up front to have the system installed to their building.

The only city or county tax dollars to be spent on the construction or operation of the district heating system will be those paid for heat delivered to city and county buildings, which is expected to result in significant long-term savings for taxpayers. If the biomass project is turned down by the Legislature again, there are other possible state, federal and private grants that may be looked at to fund the system.

Building a biomass facility and infrastructure is a long-term investment, but

Comparison of emisions of particulate matter less than 10 Microns (PM 10)

Fuel cost of delivered heat.

both CCLEP and newly elected Grand Marais Mayor Jay Arrowsmith Decoux believe the investment will pay off; in other words, money will be saved.

Grand Marais, unlike many locales, has no natural gas pipeline running through town. All propane and fuel oil used for heating is trucked into town. Propane has shown to be climbing steadily in cost and is prone to price fluctuations, as propane customers know who ran out of propane during the winter of 2014 when propane prices spiked. Over the last 20 years, the average fossil fuel price increase for the proposed district heating customer base has been 5.9 percent—and it’s been even more dramatic in just the past 10 years. When the customers sign the 25-year contract, they are actually locking in their heating price for the next 25 years. If fossil fuel prices continue to increase at the same rate as the last 20 years (5.9 percent), the biomass plant will save customers $10 million in heating costs—money that could then stay in the local economy.

This kind of energy independence is what got Arrowsmith Decoux behind the project. He mentioned how there is a big push for the U.S. to become energy independent.

“But domestic oil has its problems too,” he said. “We don’t have to play the oil game. I want to get off the oil train. If

Heat consumption by the proposed initial customers of total production.

Creative Ideas for the Northern Gardener

Story and

Photos by Shem & Kim Falter

Gardening can be daunting on the North Shore—the soil can be difficult to work, the weather doesn’t always agree, and there are bugs—but it can be done. Both of us grew up eating produce out of large gardens, so having one of our own was inevitable. But when we first moved here 15 years ago, the common sentiment amongst most people was a sarcastic “good luck.” We quickly learned that there was some truth to that sarcasm—Northern Minnesota gardening is a far cry from the Missouri and Wisconsin gardens of our childhood where you just dig a hole, plop the plants in, maybe water from time to time, and by fall you can’t give the tomatoes away. Growing your own fresh produce can be done up here, but you do need some time and a strong will; what you don’t need is a lot of money.

The primary obstacle to overcome when gardening in the Northwoods is the soil. Most of the North Shore is rocky, and those without rocks have clay—only a lucky

few have a bit of topsoil. A great solution: raised beds. Raised beds are a great way to start a small garden.

We started with just a couple small raised beds and added as we cleared more space and had more time to invest in maintenance. A cedar swamp on our property provides plenty of raised bed building materials, but even without this, you can build with any leftover building supplies. We have used rocks (plentiful for most), chunks of timbers, long pieces of one-by that can be curved—even a couple of old hand-washing machines. Be creative! Simply dig up the area you wish to use, ridding it of grass, rocks, etc., then create the shape. We began with logs that we sawed in half, lengthwise, then interlocked like Lincoln Logs, to create square- or rectangle-shaped beds. We also created ovalshaped herb gardens by edging with medium- to largesized rocks. Soil and manure are then added, allowing the gardener a way to build soil, while also providing a way to control moisture. Keep this in mind when deciding on the height of the bed. Although it is easier on the back to have

Garden materials can come from the surrounding forest.

Raised beds are one way to have rock-free soil.

a very tall bed, they quickly drain and dry

Another challenge to North Shore gardening is the climate, and more folks are using a greenhouse or hoophouse to extend their season. These structures need not be complicated or expensive. We ripped a log in half, lengthwise, with a chainsaw and drilled holes where we inserted bent pieces of electric conduit to form a hoophouse. Two 10-foot pieces joined at the ridge work perfectly. We have found a gambrel (barn) shape with flat sides and a steeper peak help shed snow. A ridge beam of 2-by-4 material helps keep conduit spacing consistent, as well as one post in the center to help with snow load. We built a simple hinged door frame on each end and made a door with leftover pieces of plastic from covering the greenhouse frame. The plastic is then wrapped around both ends and attached to the door frames. The cost could be as little as the price of the conduit and connectors (approx. $100), the greenhouse plastic ($100-200, 6 mm plastic will last the best. We got seven years out of the last piece), and the wood you need for the base and doors. Tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers love the heat—and it’s a great place to hide from the bugs.

Another important decision can be the plants or seeds you start with. Your options are limited to short season, cold tolerant varieties. We have tried to push it with melons and squash that have 90-110 days to maturity, but if you want to get the best results, you need to look for varieties with the least number of days to maturity, even with a greenhouse. In our greenhouse, we typically plant tomatoes, basil, peppers (hot and sweet bell varieties) and sometimes eggplant or winter squash. Last year we threw in four cucumber plants, producing far more cucumbers off those four plants than the 20 plants outside the green -

house. We rotate the raised beds every year so as not to deplete the soil, as we grow everything organically. We consistently plant carrots, lettuce, cucumbers, beans, zucchini, kale and potatoes. Fresh produce through the summer is one of our main goals, but we also want to put food up for winter. Without a root cellar, or the ability to freeze due to our solar power system, this means a lot of canning. Most of the vegetables we plant are those easily canned for winter use. We’ve tried dabbling in other vegetables, but find these to be easiest in our area.

Starting a garden doesn’t have to be difficult. Think small and simple:

• Build yourself a small bed with whatever resources you have on hand.

• It takes every gardener time to build up healthy soil, so don’t sweat it if things aren’t perfect your first time around.

• Buy plants and seeds sold locally because these are best suited to our climate.

• Start with an easy crop such as carrots, lettuce, or zucchini. Or begin with a small herb garden.

We’ve lost almost entire crops to everything from slugs to groundhogs to a hard frost in August, but even a small yield of produce has its rewards. There is nothing quite as nice as eating vegetables that you grew on your own, straight from the garden. Happy planting!

A small hoophouse can really extend the growing season.

Household Hazardous Waste Collection Event

Safely

Electronics Recycling Collection Event

Bring in your old computers,

Ballasts -Non-PCB ballasts

spotlight

Monroe Debuts Folk Classics

Michael Monroe’s new album is a departure from his earlier, original roots. Folk Legends, which he’s releasing at the Chanhassen Dinner Theatre on April 10, is a collection of folk music classics. Why the change?

“Folk music, that’s my roots,” Monroe says. “I learned the guitar by playing my favorite songs.”

Certainly, he’s not the only one who calls these songs favorites. Tunes on the album include Simon and Garfunkel’s Feelin Groovy, John Denver’s Leaving on a Jet Plane, You’ve Got a Friend by Carole King and Gordon Lightfoot’s If You Could Read My Mind

While Monroe has recorded cover songs in the past, the impetus for this collection

Gallery 33 Relocates and Grandly Re-Opens

was the Chanhassen Dinner Theatre.

“Chanhassen does tribute shows and they asked me to do one,” Monroe says. “I thought, why not do a CD as well?”

He decided to add a couple of guest artists to the project. Gordy Johnson plays string bass on a number of tunes. Adding percussion and harmonica is Noah Hoehn, who joins with Monroe on the vocals of an upbeat version of Cat Stevens’ Father and Son. Interestingly, all three musicians have their own recording studios and use the same recording software. Each musician recorded in their own studio.

This CD will be available at Monroe’s concerts. It will also be sold at the Birchbark Gallery in Grand Marais and www.michaelmonroemusic.com.

The art renaissance currently spreading throughout Thunder Bay is being represented in part with Gallery 33 moving to a new location down the road from Grandview Mall. Now situated in a residential area at the corner of Balsam & River Street, the art gallery, gift shop, and classroom exhibition site fills a 2,000 sq. ft. footprint. The Painted Turtle is accompanying Gallery 33 in the move.

The new location is better suited to Gallery 33’s daytime hours. Kristen Wall, owner, gallery director, and manager, says, “For a business like Gallery 33 and The Painted Turtle, which are open during the daytime, it’s better for us to be in this new area. We’re more visible, we have parking, and we’re a lot closer to all of our customers, including students and families.”

All artwork on display is by local artists, with an entire wall dedicated to Lakehead Visual Artists’ creations, an exclusive to Gallery 33. Founded in 1945, Lakehead Visual Artists is a Thunder Bay artist collective promoting visual arts.

“Many of the artists who are well known in Thunder Bay have not only followed me here, but have also dedicated themselves almost completely to this location,” says Wall.

Along with artwork, Wall’s gift offerings include jewelry, books, and much more.

“We have a reputation for helping people find gifts, whether it’s an anniversary, retirement, wedding, or graduation gift,” according to Wall.

The classrooms within Gallery 33 are integral to the gallery’s purpose. Wall says, “Our expanded classroom and meeting area is where we do workshops for children and other local residents

Maggie Phillips creates local rural landscapes in silhouette with uncoventional or exaggerated colours and shapes. She also does figurative works as well.

who want to learn a new skill or hone those they already have.”

Wall plans to offer classes on a consistent basis.

“We have some oil painting classes coming up as well as getting a drawing instructor in here. Because we’re on one floor, when people come in to shop, they also can see what people are creating,” she says.

Gallery 33 celebrates their grand re-opening on Saturday, April 18, from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. The gallery is providing live acoustic music by local musicians, light snacks and refreshments, and door prizes from gallery artists and companies with which Gallery 33 is affiliated.

Ruth Tye McKenzie works in many mediums including pen & ink and acrylic paints. She belongs to the Lakehead Visual Artists and is the founder of the Painted Turtle Art Shop.—Deke Burnham

Interactive Creativity

A lot is happening at the creative space in downtown Grand Marais that houses the companion endeavors known as Threads and The Garage. Owner Jill Terrell is in the process of transforming portions of her shops into what will be an interactive experience for her customers and a business incubator for local artists and crafters.

“You will be able to see somebody making something or sit down and make it yourself,” she says.

New this year is an area called Maker’s Space, where artists can have studio space and people can watch them work. Cooper Ternes, owner of Nordic Wooden Ware Bowls, now has a studio there. Terrell smiled when she said recently that she and others at The Garage watched Ternes’ child while he ran errands. It’s what she views as collaboration.

“We can all work together,” she says. “Doing favors for one another makes it easier for people to live and work here.”

Terrell has more studio space available. She envisions artisans like Ternes becoming the anchor businesses within The Garage. She will continue to have space available for local artists and crafters to sell their works.

“We’ll continue to partner with local artisans,” she says. “We support craftsmen and hobbyists, as well as people who want to make it their business.”

In fact, just about anyone can get creative in an area called My

Jill Terrell, shown with two of her creations, has big plans for the Garage.

Maker’s Space, where everyone, including kids, can make something on their own. It will also be an area for learning. For instance, Bob Pranis has his 3D printer there. People can watch objects being made with the printer or make an appointment to come in and learn how to use it.

Terrell says her “next wave” of development in the shop will be the addition of a sewing space, which will have two industrial sewing machines as well as regular machines people can come in and use for an hourly fee.

Also on the agenda is a plan to deliver the creative endeavors of The Garage to the world, via the Internet. A new website will feature products made in Grand Marais.—Shawn Perich

MIchael Monroe explores music he loves on his new album, Folk Legends.

ART

At the end of Nipigon’s Front Street, between the busy railway tracks and the Nipigon River, stands an art gallery owned and operated by Art Laframboise. The walls are filled with photographs he has taken of the surrounding area. Proud of his creations, Laframboise is all about the truth they represent and the inspiring impact they have had on all those who have seen them.

[ABOVE] Immature Eagle [BELOW] Weasel

BY ART

L aframboise’s overall philosophy that life should be lived to its fullest is felt in all his photos. Each one captures a candid connection to the natural world and a moment of honest reflection for all those willing to open themselves up to their simplistic yet many layered wonders. For example, Laframboise’s portrait of bulrushes softened by a sunny haze can for some be a message of hope. While his white-tailed deer standing in a snowy field may for others speak to the ownership of what one intuitively knows is rightfully theirs. Or the photo of a tree hanging over a body of water with a foggy backdrop might prepare us for the struggles we all fear but know we must face.

Laframboise’s interest in taking photographs began as a teenager. His hobby did not become a serious undertaking until eight years ago. Laid off from the paper mill and struggling with a physical disability, he decided he had had enough of lying on the couch. He purchased a camera and began hiking the trails around Nipigon. During treks into nature lasting anywhere from 16 to 18 hours, he discovered he had a talent for taking wildlife pictures.

“Not everyone can do this,” he explained. He attributes this gift to an unexpected spiritual event that permanently transformed his awareness of life and its many meanings.

Born and raised in Nipigon, Laframboise’s early years were challenging. Raised by an Ojibway mother and French Canadian father, he grew up feeling like he did not belong in either culture. This, along with the struggle of being shorter than his peers, led to anger and confusion. But never one to let external circumstances or other people’s opinions dictate his actions, he sought out his own acceptance in the wilderness. And it is through the lens of a camera that he is able to blend his parents’ cultures into a life purpose that transcends his past pains.

Laframboise was invited to speak at Windsor College about his photography. He declined—feeling he is a strong believer in doing what he feels is right. And at that time, he was not ready to share his gift with others. He does offer some advice to people wanting to photograph animals in their natural habitats. First and foremost, do not get too close. Second, never forget that they are wild and driven by instincts that can make them dangerous. Third, be patient—a good shot can take hours.

Despite Laframboise’s reluctance to advertise on the Internet or participate in social media, his reputation as a wildlife photographer has grown over the years. People from different parts of Canada have visited his gallery. And many have returned not only to buy more photographs but to talk and share their mutual love for the wilderness and all its comforting beauty.

Story by Kim Casey

Photos by Art Laframboise

Black Bear

Art Laframboise at his gallery

BLUES FEST

—You’re invited to—

Ladies

Stop by on Earth Day Wed., April 22nd

Receive

Felting

Spring Dance at North House

April 4

Grab your comfy shoes and come on down to North House Folk School at 7:30 p.m. for a North Shore Music Association-hosted community dance, featuring internationally acclaimed violinist and fiddler Randy Sabien, locally loved jazz/ blues pianist Chris Gillis, and super-solid upright bassist Jim Chenoweth.

No dance experience is necessary. Just bring your pent-up winter energy and get ready to release it! For those familiar with dance steps, there will be multiple styles presented, including: swing, two-step, foxtrot, waltz, polka, and Latin (rumba, cumbia, salsa, and samba). There will be very limited seating for those who prefer to sit and listen.

Randy Sabien, dubbed “the past, present and future of jazz violin” by NPR’s Jazz Profiles, is a regular at Big Top Chautauqua and has performed on A Prairie Home Companion and Austin City Limits, as well as at the Daytona Jazz Festival, the Juneau Jazz Festival, and the Winnipeg Folk Festival. His instrumental skill on

the violin, guitar, mandolin, and piano, in the genres of jazz, country, and rock, is legendary.

Chris Gillis is primarily a jazz/blues pianist who is also fluent in classics, standards, old school R&B, and New Orleans style. Gillis began his musical career in New Orleans, where he performed at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival with the J.D. Hill Blues Band, at the Colt 38 Club with the Mighty Sam McClain, at the Maple Leaf Bar with the Neville Brothers, and with the Dirty Dozen Brass Band, and now makes Minnesota his home.

Jim Chenoweth has played bass professionally for over 30 years, studying with world-renowned bassist Anthony Cox, and recording and performing with local luminaries such as Irv Williams, Debbie Duncan, Phil Aaron, and Benny Weinbeck.

Tickets are $10 adults, $5 youth (18 & under). Go to www.northshoremusicassociation.com for more info.

Arrowhead Home and Builder Show Duluth

April 8-12

The 49th Annual Arrowhead Home & Builders Show will be at the DECC again this year. Hundreds of exhibitors will bring the newest, most exciting products on the market from home design to better living to landscaping. Building materials, decorating ideas, remodeling and interior design will all be available for you to view and learn about. Many vendors will be offering discounts only available at the show making this the place to save money on your project. This year’s main stage entertainment will feature two sensational acts from Nashville Tennessee: The Roys, ICM Bluegrass “Artists of the Year” winners for the fourth year in a row, and The Willis Clan, 12 super-talented kids who have been referred to on “The Today Show” as “Today’s Sound of Music Family” and have wowed viewers on America’s Got Talent. In Pioneer Hall, NASA’s premiere traveling

exhibit, ”Journey To Tomorrow,” will premiere for the first time in Duluth. Also, back by popular demand is the colorful Parakeet Landing that is fun for kids of all ages. www.shamrockprod.com

April 10 & 11 Bluefin Bay, Tofte, MN

Concerts Fri., April 10 at 8 p.m. – An informal evening of blues, swing and early Americana with Gordon Thorne and friends at the Bluefin Grille - free Sat., April 11 at 7:30 p.m. – Featuring Mike Dowling and friends in the upper room of the Bluefin Grille

$15 Admission: purchase tickets at the door or to reserve tickets, contact Gordon Thorne at 218-353-7308 or oman4@live.com

Workshops Saturday, April 11, 10 a.m.

Workshop 1 Youth Guitar Workshop with Gordon Thorne: Free Workshop 2: Mike Dowling Guitar Workshop – $50

Workshop 3: Randy Sabien Fiddle Workshop – $50

Lunch included. Pre-register for the workshops by contacting Gordon Thorne at 218-353-7308 or oman4@live.com.

invited.

Randy Sabien Mike Dowling

Randy Sabien will play at the Spring Dance April 4. | ALICE GEBURA

NASA’s traveling exhibit. | SUBMITTED

26th Emergency Services Conference

April 24-25

Emergency Responders Register Online

Training opporTuniTies include:

• US National Grid coordinate system

• Compassion Fatigue: What it is and how to build resilience

• The ResQmax Line Launcher

• Bus-on-car/Propane Truck-on-car extrication

• 3 ECHO Hostile Event Response Training

sign up for classes and meals aT: www.cookcountyESC.org

email regisTraTion or for quesTions: jim.wiinanen@co.cook.mn.us, or call 218-387-3059

$10 suggesTed regisTraTion payable at the door or mail in.

regisTer noW. deadline april 13. greaT food • greaT company

Annual Free Tree Seedling

Lumber

Offering White Spruce, White Pine and Norway Pine. Mix and match any variety up to a total of 200 seedlings per person.

Persons interested should contact bob@hedstromlumber.com, or 218-387-2995 x 10 before April 18th. Pickup date: May 8th, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.

425,000 seedlings given out since 1997.

www.hedstromlumber.com

Home and Garden Show in Thunder Bay

April 10-12

The Canadian Lakehead Exhibition will host the annual Spring Home and Garden Show in Thunder Bay featuring a wide variety of businesses. Over 200 exhibitors have booths about painting, landscaping, furnishing, lighting, pool installations, patios, banking and much more. Stop by and visit the Northern Wilds booth at the show. Visit www.cle.on.ca for more info.

Fingerstyle Masters Weekend at Bluefin Bay

April 10-11

The 5th annual Fingerstyle Masters Weekend features headliner Wyoming guitarist Mike Dowling, Minnesota’s Gordon Thorne, and Minnesota fiddlers Randy Sabien and Tom Schaefer. The event weekend kicks off with an informal evening of music Friday night, and continues with workshops on Saturday for all ages and all levels. The event caps off with a concert featuring world renown guitarist Mike Dowling Saturday at 7 p.m in the upper room of the Bluefin Grille.

Attendees can attend all or any of the events as part of the Fingerstyle Masters Weekend. Pre-registration for the workshops is requested by contacting Gordon Thorne at 218-353-7308 or email oman4@live.com. Tickets for the concert are available at the door.

Photos & Phenology at Sugarloaf

April 11

Sugarloaf Cove Nature Center in Schroeder hosts Joe Walewski, Wolf Ridge naturalist, at 10 a.m. exploring both phenology (the science of tracking the seasons) and photography.

On Sunday, April 14, 2013 Walewski began a personal quest—take as many images each day as necessary, but only select one that would capture the essence of that day. April 11 will be the last calendar day of this twoyear challenge. Come celebrate, share in stories, and help him begin year three. And, of course, bring your camera and learn a bit about digital photography while exploring the local phenology. Free, but donations are appreciated.

For information visit www.sugarloafnorthshore.org.

Shore Music Association presents Randy Sabien & the Unusual Suspects April 4, 7:30-10:30

Visit the Home and Garden show in Thunder Bay April 10-12. | SUBMITTED

Mountain Meltdown

April 6-12

Celebrate the last weekend of ski season with a twoday music festival. Saturday and Sunday will feature five bands each day and an outdoor beer garden and barbeque. www.lutsenmoutain.com/mountainMeltdown.

Lake Superior Community Theatre Presents Nunsense

April 16-19 and 24-26

Ten spirited women will perform in Nunsense, a musical that revolves around six traditional Catholic Little Sisters of Hoboken who discover their cook accidentally killed 52 residents of the convent with her tainted vichyssoise; a thick soup made of pureed leeks, onions, potatoes, cream, and chicken stock traditionally served cold. The sisters bury 48 of the nuns but run out of money to bury the remaining (frozen) four. With the deceased nuns on ice in the deep freeze, the six decide to stage a variety show in the Mount Saint Helen’s School auditorium to raise the necessary money.

The show will be performed at Silver Bay High School April 16-19 and at Two Harbors High School April 2426. Online tickets can be purchased at www.lsct.us or at tix.com. Dinner theatre fundraiser evenings will be held April 18 in Silver Bay and April 25 in Two Harbors.

Volunteer & Service Learning Weekend at North House

April 17-19

This is a weekend to pitch in at North House Folk School in Grand Marais and help them air out the campus after a long winter. You can take part in a volunteer project or take a reduced tuition-rate service learning course. Lunch is provided. A pizza potluck closes the weekend on Saturday evening. See www.northhouse.org for details.

Midwest Extreme Snowmobile Challenge

April 18-19

Lutsen Mountains hosts the inaugural Midwest Extreme Snowmobile Challenge, promoted by Cor Power Sports. Registration starts Friday evening and the races begin Saturday morning with the cross country race at 9 a.m. There will also be a hillclimb qualifier that afternoon. On Sunday there will be hill climb finals, hill cross qualifier and hill cross finals. See www.lutsen.com/ midwestextreme for details on how to sign up to ride or be a spectator at the mountain.

Outdoor Adventure Expo

April 24-26

Gear up at the 60th bi-annual Outdoor Adventure Expo in Minneapolis. Hundreds of exhibitors and presentations as well as a used canoe and kayak auction, a beer and gear social night and the Radical Reels Tour are all part of the event. Admission is free. Visit www.outdooradventureexpo.com.

Nunsense will open April 16 in Silver Bay and April 24 in Two Harbors. | SUBMITTED

The Snowmobile Challenge is on at Lutsen April 18-19 | SUBMITTED

Art ‘Round Town Fundraiser for Public Art

April 24-27

This will be Art ‘Round Town’s second fundraiser for public art, to be held at the Johnson Heritage Post in Grand Marais. It will include various 12-inch by 12-inch pieces of art, which will be sold for $100 each. The opening, April 24 from 5-7 p.m., will feature hors d’oeuvres with wine and juices along with live music provided by Mike DeBevec and Eric Hahn. There is a $5 suggested donation at the door.

Artists interested in donating artwork can contact Ann Mershon at amershon@ boreal.org or (218) 387-2245. Funds will be used to finance public art projects by local artists. Last year’s fundraiser paid for half of the mural on Johnson’s Grocery, a joint artist/student project.

The show will continue through Tuesday April 27.

Siiviis, Other Galleries, Celebrate Earth Day

April 25

Siiviis of Sivertson Gallery in Duluth, is celebrating its 20th anniversary with a13year retrospective of the Trapper’s Daughter featuring all 17 of her appearances, and introducing this year’s new Trapper’s Daughter print. The retrospective will be on display April 25 - May 31, an artist’s reception from 1 to 4 p.m., Saturday, April 25. The reception corresponds with Duluth’s Art for Earth Day Gallery Hop. Participating galleries include The Art Dock, Inc., the Duluth Art Institute, Lake Superior Art Glass, Lizzard’s Art Gallery and Framing, Phantom Galleries of Superior, the Tweed Museum of Art and Waters of Superior.

The Ham Run Half Marathon is a one of a kind race that travels along the scenic Gunflint Trail that winds its way through the Superior National Forest on the edge of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness. There are very few places this wild and beautiful and no other race course like it in the world. Run the Trail Less Traveled, register today for the Ham Run.

The Art ‘Round Town fundraiser helps to support public art.

| KATE WATSON

“The Trapper’s Daughter and the Close Reach” by Rick Allen.

Healthy Kids Day at the Y

April 25

Healthy Kids® Day is the nation’s largest health day for kids and families. It occurs on April 25th at more than 1,800 YMCAs nationwide.

YMCA Healthy Kids Day encourages families to “Put Play in Their Day” during a free, fun-filled day that includes interactive games, engaging and creative family activities, open gymnastics, gaga, youth fitness classes, open swim, water safety demonstations, water slide, and health give-aways to encourage children and families to adopt behaviors that support a healthier lifestyle.

The event is from 1-4pm at the Cook County YMCA and is free to the community. www.cookcountyymca.org

Northern Sustainability Symposium—Resources from a Changing Forest

May 1-3

For centuries, the iconic trees of the North Shore— birch, maple, white and red pine, spruce and ash have provided all the materials a craftsperson in the boreal forest has needed. But there’s little question that the forest is changing as Minnesota’s climate changes. During the Northern Sustainability Symposium at North House Folk School, participants will explore the changing forest through the eyes of craft: what can be made using tree species that will do well in our changing climate, which new materials will become abundant, how can we take an active role in restoring the forest while sustainably harvesting, using and enjoying all the woods has to offer?

Coursework includes wood carving projects, basketry, maple syrup production, native willow work, herbal medicines and more. Evening presentations, lunch and learn discussions, and field tours will round out the weekend. www.northhouse.org

Spring Food & Wine Events

May 1-3

The first weekend of May is a great time to enjoy fine food and wine on the North Shore. Three resorts have wine weekends—Lutsen Resort, Bluefin Bay and Superior Shores. Contact each place for details about their individual dining plans and events.

Ham Run Half Marathon and 5k Fun Run

May 2

Enjoy the tranquility of Superior National Forest with the Ham Run Half-Marathon, the Ham Run 5k and the Little Runts Run, all of which take place on the scenic Gunflint Trail. Participants are treated to a complimentary ham dinner, free beverages, live music and free massages. www.hamrunhalfmarathon.com

Lost Forest program for Lake Superior North Shore landowners

Starts in April

The North Shore Stewardship Association is recruiting landowners along the North Shore of Lake Superior to take part in a series of classes designed to bring their North Shore forest back to life. Participants will learn how the North Shore forest functions and how they can help it “be all it can be.”

A series of classes will take place at Bunker Hill Regional Park in Anoka County and at Sugarloaf Cove Nature Center near Schroeder. Class topics will include:

• Growing and tending tree seedlings

• Tree identification

• Invasive species identification and control

• Financial care of properties—easements, land transfers, taxes

• Measuring and reading the forest

• GPS/GIS use

• How to receive and implement a forest management plan

• Wildlife diversity and providing wildlife habitat Class schedule:

The first three classes (April 21, May 5 and May 19 from 6-9 p.m.) will take place at Bunker Hill Regional Park in Anoka County. Arrangements will be made for participants who cannot attend these classes in person. The remaining classes will take place over three weekends and will be based at Sugarloaf Cove. These weekend classes will involve hands-on learning and sharing.

June 13, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. and June 14, 10 a.m. - 2 p.m.

July 11, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. and July 12, 10 a.m.-2 p.m. July 25, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. and July 26, 10 a.m.-2 p.m.

Interested persons should complete an online application at sugarloafnorthshore.org by April 1 or call 218525-0001.

Closed for April

REOPENING

for the summer season Friday, May 1 at 11 am

Get your ham dinner after the Ham Run on May 2. | YMCA

Northern Wilds Calendar of Events April

April 1, Wednesday

Teague Alexy of Hobo Nephews Spotlight North at Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 8-10 p.m. www.lutsen.com

April 2, Thursday

Gordon Thorne Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

April 3, Friday

Eric Frost & Friends Voyageur Brewing Company Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewing.com

The Last Revel Band Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 8:30 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

April 3-19

Permanent Collection with New Acquisitions Exhibit at Johnson Heritage Post Gallery in Grand Marais www.johnsonheritagepost.org

April 4, Saturday

6th Annual Easter Egg Fundraiser for Kid’s Plus Cook County Community Center—Raffle, Photos with the Easter Bunny, Easter Egg Hunt and Refreshments 9 a.m.-12 p.m.

Gammondale Farm Easter Egg Hunt Near Thunder Bay 11 a.m.-3 p.m. (EST) www.gammondalefarm.com

Cook County Ladies Night at KahNeeTah Gallery Lutsen 5-8 p.m. www.kahneetah.com

Lane Trisko: Song of My People Music by the Fireplace Lutsen Resort 7-10 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Pete Kavanaugh Cascade Lodge Pub 7-9 p.m. www.cascadelodgemn.com

North Shore Music Association

Presents Spring Dance! Randy Sabien & The Unusual Suspects at North House Folk School Grand Marais 7:30-10:30 p.m. www.northshoremusicassociation.com

Boyd ‘Bump’ Blomberg & Adam Moe Voyageur Brewing Company Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewingcompany.com

Romantica Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 9:30 p.m. www.lutsen.com

The Last Revel Band Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 8:30 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

April 5, Sunday Easter

Lutsen Mountains Easter Festival Easter Egg Hunt starts at 9 a.m. www.lutsen.com

Eric & Jessa Frost play at Mogul’s Easter Buffet Lutsen 11 a.m.-1 p.m. www.caribouhighlands.com/moguls-grille

The Lowest Pair Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 3:30-5:30 p.m. www.lutsen.com

Billy Johnson Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 7:30 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

Classical Music with Sam Black & Betty Braunstein Bluefin Grille 6-8 p.m. www.bluefinbay.com

April 6, Monday

Donkey Basketball at Cook County High School Gym in Grand Marais 6 p.m. Fundraiser for Cook County High School Band Trip

Eric Koskinen Monday Songwriter Series Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 8-10 p.m. www.lutsen.com

April 6-12

Mountain Meltdown Lutsen Mountains www.lutsenmountain.com/ mountainmeltdown

April 7, Tuesday

Pete Kavanaugh Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsen.com

Open Mic Night with Boyd Blomberg

Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 7 p.m. www.lutsen.com

April 8-12

49th Annual Arrowhead Home & Builders Show at the DECC Duluth. www.shamrockprod.com

April 8, Wednesday

Southwire Spotlight North at Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 8 p.m. www.lutsen.com

April 9, Thursday

Free Day at the Dentist for Children Ages 18 Months to 26 years at Grand Marais Family Dentistry. Call 218-387-2774 to schedule an appointment.

Eric Frost & Bill Hanson Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Dance Party with DJ Beavstar Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 9 p.m.-1 a.m. www.lutsen.com

April 10, Friday

Comedy Night with Steve Gillespie Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 8 p.m. www.lutsen.com

Gordon Thorne & Friends Bluefin Grille Tofte 8-10 p.m. www.bluefinbay.com

Jim & Michele Miller Voyageur Brewing Company Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewingcompany.com

Timmy Haus Friday Night Live at Papa Charlie’s Lutsen 9 p.m. www.lutsen.com

April 10-11

Fingerstyle Masters Weekend Bluefin

Bay Tofte Workshops and Concert www.bluefinbay.com

April 10-12

Thunder Bay Home & Garden Show CLE Grounds, Thunder Bay www.cle.on.ca

April 11, Saturday

Photo Phenology at Sugarloaf Cove Nature Center Schroeder 10 a.m. www.sugarloafnorthshore.org

Joe Paulik Music by the Fireplace Lutsen Resort 7-10 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Jim & Michele Miller Voyageur Brewing Company 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewingcompany.com

Thunder Bay Symphony Orchestra with Joel Plaskett Thunder Bay Community Auditorium 8 p.m. (EST) www.tbca.com

Mike Dowling & Randy Sabien Bluefin Grille 7:30 - 10 p.m. www.bluefinbay.com

April 11-12

Spring International Volleyball Tournament Cook County YMCA in Grand Marais www.cookcountyymca.org

Mountain Meltdown Lutsen Beer Garden, BBQ and Live Music www.lutsen.com

April 12, Sunday

Timmy Haus Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 7 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

April 14, Tuesday

Gene Lafond & Amy Ann Grillo Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

April 16, Thursday

Eric Frost & Bill Hanson Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Gordon Thorne Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 7:30 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

April 16-19

Lake Superior Community Theatre Presents Nunsense at Silver Bay High School www.lsct.us

April 17, Friday

The May North Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 8 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

Boyd ‘Bump’ Blomberg & Adam Moe Voyageur Brewing Company

Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewingcompany.com

April 17-19

Volunteer & Service Learning Weekend North House Folk School www.nhfs.org

April 18, Saturday

Grand Re-opening for Gallery 33 and the Painted Turtle Thunder Bay 4-7 p.m. (EST) www.gallery33.ca

Briand Morrison Music by the Fireplace Lutsen Resort 7-10 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Michael Monroe Log Cabin Concert Greater Grand Marais 7 p.m. www.michaelmonroemusic.com

Eric Frost & Friends Voyageur Brewing Company Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewingcompany.com

The May North Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 8 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

April 18-19

HTI Healing Touch Level 1 Certificate Program Held at Sawtooth Mountain Clinic in Grand Marais Contact pfaye@ boreal.org for more info. Midwest Extreme Snowmobile Challenge Lutsen Mountains www.lutsen.com

April 19, Sunday

Timmy Haus Caribbean Reggae Party at Moguls Grille & Tap Room Lutsen 2-5 p.m. www.caribouhighlands.com

Explore the World of Vinegar Class at Cook County Whole Foods Co-op 6:30-8 p.m. www.cookcounty.coop

April 21, Tuesday

Timmy Haus Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

April 22, Wednesday

Earth Day

April 23, Thursday

Eric Frost and Bill Hanson Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Thunder Bay Symphony Orchestra Masterworks 6: Our Tale Ends Thunder Bay Community Auditorium 8 p.m. (EST) www.tbca.com

April 24, Friday

Rich Mattson and the Northstars Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 8:30 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

Lake Effect Voyageur Brewing Company Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewing.com

April 24-25

Cook County Emergency Services Conference www.cookcountyesc.org

April 24-26

Outdoor Adventure Expo Minneapolis www.outdooradventureexpo.com

Annual Bike Swap Continental Ski in Duluth www.continentalski.com

Lake Superior Community Theatre Presents Nunsense at Two Harbors High School www.lsct.us

Phenology Adventures with Jim Gilbert Wolf Ridge Environmental Learning Center Finland www.wolf-ridge.org

4th Annual Women’s Opportunity Weekend at Cove Point Lodge Beaver Bay Weekend Presenter is Elizabeth Hagen www.entrepreneurfund.org

April 24-27

A’RT (Local Public Art Project) Fundraiser Johnson Heritage Post Gallery in Grand Marais www. johnsonheritagepost.org

April 25, Saturday

Needle Felting Demos with Suzy Whitney at Kah Nee Tah Gallery Lutsen 1-4 p.m. www.kahneetah.com

SpinterTones Family Dance & Raffle Fundraiser for Cooperation Station

Held at Grand Marais Art Colony 6-9 p.m. Suggested Donation $5/person, $15 family.

Chaban Ukrainian Dance Group

Thunder Bay Community Auditorium 7 p.m. (EST) www.tbca.com

Joe Paulik Voyageur Brewing Company Grand Marais 8-11 p.m. www.voyageurbrewing.com

Art for Earth Day Gallery Hop Duluth

Healthy Kids Day Cook County YMCA Grand Marais 1-4 p.m. www.cookcountyymca.org

April 25-May 31

The Trapper’s Daughter & The Unwritten Story Rick Allen Opening on April 25 from 1-4 p.m. at Siiviis Gallery Duluth www.sivertson.com

April 26, Sunday

Le Stelle Alpine Italian Dancers Thunder Bay Community Auditorium 7 p.m. (EST) www.tbca.com

April 28, Tuesday

Care Partners Presents a Community Open Forum on Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias Lower Level Sawtooth Mountain Clinic in Grand Marais 4-6 p.m. www.northshorehealthcarefoundation.org

Boyd Blomberg Poplar River Pub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

April 29, Wednesday

Wear Denim Day to Support Survivors & Victims www.hope-4-u.org

April 30, Thursday

Jim and Michele Miller Poplar River Rub Lutsen 6-8 p.m. www.lutsenresort.com

Timmy Haus Gun Flint Tavern Grand Marais 7 p.m. www.gunflinttavern.com

May 1-2

Spring Writer’s Workshop with Peter Blau at Naniboujou Lodge www.naniboujou.com

Bluefin Bay Spring Food and Wine Lovers Weekend www.bluefinbay.com

Lutsen Resort Wine Weekend www.lutsenresort.com

Superior Shores and Kamloops Restaurant European Wine Weekend www.superiorshores.com

May 2

Ham Run 5K & Half Marathon www.cookcountyymca.org

May 1-3

Northern Sustainability Symposium

North House Folk School Grand Marais www.northhouse.org

we have the ability to do this here, independently, we should do that.”

One thing Arrowsmith Decoux pointed out is that some critics of the idea say there is too much economic risk to invest in such a big system. “But there is risk in staying on the existing system, too,” he said.

Meaning, if the city and the businesses and public facilities all continue to invest in infrastructure to burn propane or fuel oil, and then the prices skyrocket, there is no easy way out of that either.

Instead of a fuel source that is subject to price fluctuations, biomass to fuel the plant would come from two places. First would be the waste stream out of Hedstrom’s Lumber, which is currently being transported to Thunder Bay. The plant is estimated to burn four and a half semi-trailer loads of biomass per week. But should Hedstrom’s go out of business or should the plant need an additional fuel source, then slash from on-going logging operations will be sought out. This could be of benefit to logging companies who sometimes burn slash piles, or leave it to rot. Wilkes emphasized that the biomass used for fuel is a by-product.

“We are in no way competing with the timber market for prime timber,” he said.

Wilkes also noted that the system is designed to grow. The most economical growth would be for larger customers who have bigger buildings. Residential heating from this kind of system is possible, but it’s much less economical. In fact, says Arrowsmith Decoux, this could make

the industrial park attractive to new businesses—they wouldn’t have to invest in furnaces or hot water heaters.

Another concern about this kind of heating system, especially for those who have lived in town since the seventies, is the possible emissions from burning biomass. They may remember how the high school once heated with a notoriously smoky biomass burner. This system, Wilkes said, is much more modern. It has automatic feeding and computerized controls that means it burns at precisely the right level needed to for maximizing heat output and minimizing emissions. Additionally, multi-cyclone stack scrubbers will further reduce of particulate emissions.

“The backyard boiler is a burning barrel compared to this,” Wilkes said.

The study that CCLEP contracted with FVB Energy said that the biomass plant’s particulate emissions will be very small relative to the current background levels produced by existing sources such as residential wood stoves, vehicles, other combustion and dust.

There would be a modest amount of non-toxic ash as a by-product of burning biomass and this will have to be addressed. Hedstrom’s Lumber currently burns biomass to heat their facility and they give the ash by-product to local farmers to spread on their fields. CCLEP believes they may be able to do the same, otherwise it will need to be trucked away.

The construction of the plant would involve local contractors where possible, said Wilkes. The piping system is highly specialized and may need to involve outside con -

tractors. Once the plant is up and running, Wilkes said there will be 4.5 full-time equivalent jobs created—two people to procure the fuel source and 2.5 to run the plant. On the flip side, a small amount of time will be lost for propane delivery drivers, but the vast majority of the propane deliveries are residential, so it’s estimated this won’t have a very deep impact.

Currently 97 cents of every dollar spent on fossil fuel heat leaves the county. So instead of all that money leaving, the biomass project will keep more of it here. In the first year, about $300,000 spent on heating costs that previously left the county would stay.

The Forest Service, DNR and state Dept. of Commerce are behind the biomass project and have written letters of support that will go with the application for bonding funds. It’s also a bi-partisan kind of project, said Wilkes. And he feels there is a lot of support for the project from the city, county and residents.

The next steps are to get all the customer contracts signed and in hand. Then the city will apply for the bonding money, which will be considered by the Legislature in the spring of 2016. If the project gets funding, the construction could start as early as fall 2016 and be online a year later.

The North Shore Dish

Innovative “pop-up eatery” brings bright, creative eats to the Twin Ports

By Kelsey Roseth

There’s a cozy establishment right on First Street in downtown Duluth called the Red Herring Lounge. You can’t miss it. The lounge’s punchy, red exterior can be seen down the block and a large glass garage door faces the street, letting the passerby get a glimpse of the casual, hip ambiance inside.

It’s about 8 p.m. on a Tuesday night, and I’m listening to singer-songwriter Aurora Baer as she loudly strums her guitar strings and belts out her folksy, deep-rooted Americana music. About 10 people are quietly bellied up to the bar.

A handful of other customers are scattered throughout the lounge, reclining on antique furniture. Their faces are illuminated by dimmed, vintage light fixtures. A fireplace near the center of the wood floor provides customers with comfort from the cold night. A few people sit at a circular corner table, engrossed in a game of Scrabble.

That’s when Nyanyika Banda walks in. She’s hauling heavy containers of supplies to an overlooked corner of the lounge. In the small spot near the back storage rooms, there’s an empty table waiting. Banda sets down her supplies and goes back for another trip. And another. And another.

Some people watch Banda with interest. Other customers have been here before during these unscheduled Taco Tuesdays and know the drill. Banda meticulously unpacks her totes, pulls out fresh ingredients, organizes her space and preps food. After about 20 minutes, the pop-up eatery Izakaya 218 is open for business. Izakaya is a Japanese term that means “food that goes with drink.”

Her first order goes to a regular: a $3 chicken mole taco braised with Cold Press Black from the Bent Paddle Brewing Co. (a draft infused with Duluth Coffee Company cold press) and paired with pickled mustard seeds, radishes, micro arugula and roasted corn. Soon, a patient line forms for Banda’s food.

The customers likely didn’t know that food would be served tonight. The pop-ups are often unexpected and occur at random intervals.

“I like the spontaneity of it,” said Jamie Ratliff, a customer who is sitting with the

group playing Scrabble. “It’s really one of the only places in town where you can get unique tacos and upscale tacos, foodie tacos.”

On the menu for tonight are albondigas (beef meatball) tacos, the chicken mole tacos and roasted squash and candied bacon tacos. Banda’s tacos contain cotija cheese (a hard Mexican cheese made from cow’s milk), crema (a variation of sour cream from Mexico and Central America) and pepitas (the Spanish culinary word for pumpkin seeds).

“It’s gourmet. She has fresh ingredients that are prepared and presented well, and it’s simple,” said Bob Monahan, proprietor of the Red Herring Lounge. “She is really just offering something that is extremely tasty without over doing it. I’m almost just drooling, thinking about it.”

Monahan opened the Red Herring Lounge last summer to fill what he saw was a void in the local music scene. He said the Twin Ports needed an establishment that focuses on music first and drinks second, “in a way giving bands and giving

Chicken Molé Taco. | KELSEY ROSETH

Chef Nyanyika Banda. | KELSEY ROSETH

performers a place to play that was a little more honored,” said Monahan.

The lounge is missing one thing: a commercial kitchen. That’s exactly what Banda was looking for when she approached Monahan a few months ago and explained her inspiration for the eatery. “I thought I would try it out and it worked really well,” said Banda, who sells up to 100 tacos per pop-up.

The chef often breaks away from Taco Tuesday and hosts Ramen Wednesdays, and she’s now serving a taco/ramen brunch at the Red Herring about once a month.

“The ramen and the tacos, they were concepts of mine but it has definitely been the people saying they like it, and they want it, that keeps me making those things,” she said.

Banda began cooking in her late teens, eventually studying at Madi -

son College in Wisconsin to become a chef. After graduating from culinary school, Banda went on to work with a few of the industry’s top professionals in New York and California. She draws inspiration from Chef Alex Stupak, who she worked for in New York. Stupak is a famous pastry chef turned taco-extraordinaire and owner of multiple fine dining establishments including Empellón Cocina. Banda said, “I definitely got a lot of knowledge from him in terms of using flavors of Mexico without having it be the traditional idea that we as Americans have of ground beef, or beans in a tortilla. There is a lot more elevated food happening there.”

Banda previously sought new experiences by living a nomadic life. She has lived in Wisconsin, New York, California and ended up in the Twin Ports a few times. About a year ago, she came back to Duluth to develop roots and work on enjoying cooking as an art form again.

“Leaving such a cut-throat service industry like New York City, I personally left questioning my talents as a chef in little ways,” said Banda. “This pop-up has been a way for me to have fun cooking and people have been really excited about it as well, which makes me get more excited about it. So it makes the whole schlepping and not sleeping worth it.”

Banda isn’t sleeping because she’s busy with projects. Aside from managing Izakaya 218, Banda attends school at the University of Wisconsin-Superior, studying history and journalism. She is tailoring her degree to focus on food history. “Honestly, I can’t sit still,” Banda laughs, saying that she was taught at an early age that there is always time to accomplish great things. Her mother Martha put herself through grad school while raising four children as a single parent.

The chef also owns a catering company called Martha’s Daughter, and she has big plans for her business.

“I am hoping to start bringing the molecular and fine dining scene up a bar in Duluth,” said Banda. “I am doing recipes with liquid nitrogen, dehydration, fermentation. The things that I learned in New York I am hoping to put into fruition here.”

WHAT TO DO: Follow Izakaya 218 and Martha’s Daughter on Facebook. Watch for postings announcing pop-ups.

WHERE TO GO: Red Herring Lounge, 208 East 1st Street, Duluth

Singer-songwriter Aurora Baer plays at Red Herring Lounge. | KELSEY ROSETH

Happy Times

By Kim Falter

What makes us happy? Most of us would like to believe it is a beautiful sunset, a kiss from someone we love, or lounging on a sunny beach. But what truly produces that sense of happiness is a chemical response involving the neurotransmitter serotonin.

The jury is still out on everything serotonin does for us, but what we do know is that it plays a major role in mood. When serotonin levels are optimal we are hopeful, optimistic, focused, compassionate towards others and we sleep well. Those with low levels of serotonin experience depression, anxiety, irritability, a lack of focus, a sense of feeling scattered, high reactivity and insomnia. Those having committed or attempted suicide have been observed as having the lowest levels of serotonin.

It is still unclear if the low serotonin levels produce these negative conditions, or if these conditions—such as the tendency towards depression—cause the low serotonin levels. What we do know is that serotonin is a large part of the mix. The question is how do we get our serotonin levels to an optimal level?

DIET

There are more neurons in your small intestines than in your entire spinal cord. Our gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains an extensive network of neurons with a system of neurotransmitters and hormones very similar to our brain. Scientists and researchers have always known of this neural activity in the gut, but it was always believed that it was a one-way system: the brain relaying messages to the GI tract.

But according to recent research by Professor Michael Gershon, chairman of the Department of Anatomy at Columbia University, there is now proof that this is a twoway system. Ninety percent of the serotonin you produce is made in the GI tract, while the other 10 percent is synthesized only within the brain and is the serotonin responsible for our mood. That 90 percent in the GI tract is largely responsible for intestinal movement, but also sensory transmission, which is why choosing what foods we eat becomes very important as they can play a role in how we feel both mentally and physically.

EXERCISE

We hear that exercise is good for us, but what specifically does it do to make us happy? For years we have known that those who are physically fit tend to be in good mental health, but why? Physical activity plays a role in our happiness in two ways: 1) It increases both the frequency and rate in which serotonin is released, and 2) by increasing tryptophan (a precursor to serotonin) levels in our body. This is why study after study has shown that those who are physically fit tend to experience good mental health and cope with mild depression far better than their sedentary counterparts.

LIGHT

Sunlight can be hard to come by here on the North Shore. We are schooled on Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), but how exactly is this lack of light related to feelings of mild depression produced by SAD?

Just as there is a direct correlation between serotonin levels and depression, there is also a correlation between lack of sunlight and serotonin levels. Sunlight, absorbed through the eyes, brings about the synthesis of serotonin, a function indoor lighting can never produce because natural ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun is 100 times stronger. We are told to put on our sunscreen to protect ourselves from those nasty UV rays, but those rays not

only raise serotonin levels, they produce the vitamin D we also desperately need during these long, dark winters. So getting outdoors in the sun, or the help of light box therapy, can work at boosting your feelings of happiness.

SUPPLEMENTATION

It is difficult to understand how, or why, supplementation can help without understanding a bit of the chemistry behind serotonin. Imagine for a minute just two of the billions of neurons in your brain. Ball your hands into two fists and place them a couple inches apart, facing each other as if they are ready to punch one another. Each arm represents a neuron. Your fists are the synapses. The space between your two fists is the synaptic cleft. This is how your brain communicates information.

Impulses, either chemical or electrical, travel through the neuron (your arm) to the synapse (your fist), into the synaptic cleft (the space between), in order to be “taken up” by the next synapse (the other fist). When one synapse releases serotonin into that synaptic cleft, our bodies immediately begin the process of either breaking it down through enzymatic action, or by binding to receptor sites on the next synapse to continue movement to the next neuron. The sensations of happiness happen when serotonin is in that synaptic cleft.

Some antidepressants called SSRI’s, or Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, work by inhibiting the breakdown and reabsorption (reuptake) of serotonin. Therefore, the serotonin lingers within that synaptic cleft giving us a sense of happiness for a longer period of time. There is some controversy over the true effectiveness of SSRI’s, but what is evident are the considerable side effects associated with them. Headaches, insomnia, and anxiety are minor compared with the significant weight gain and loss of libido reported. A natural supplement called 5-HTP enhances serotonin activity and is also involved in its direct production. Very similar in composition to serotonin, double blind studies using 5-HTP have shown it to produce similar mood enhancement as antidepressants, but with few or no side effects.

There is still a lot to learn about serotonin and the role it plays in the function of our bodies, but what we do know is that it is important in mood stabilization and a sense of well-being. What is difficult to quantify exactly is what “mood” is, because our perception of happiness is as diverse as our unique personalities. In fact, it is intertwined with our perceived personalities and our view of the world. For one of us, it is that kiss from someone we love, for another it is the sunny beach. Or it can be both, or neither. Recent studies of the human brain have shown that just thinking a happy thought, or of a happy time, can increase serotonin production.

As far as we know, happiness is uniquely human, and within each human, uniquely individual. The reality is: happiness is what you make it. It is a pursuit, not a given.

Experience Healing Touch

By Erin Altemus

Everything is made out of energy. This is the idea behind a holistic form of health care called Healing Touch.

Healing Touch is a therapy that uses gentle touch to assist in balancing physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being. Currently there are several practitioners in the Grand Marais area offering this technique, and a new group called North Shore Healing Touch hopes to educate more practitioners and increase opportunities for community residents to obtain Healing Touch if they would like.

According to Pamela Faye, a certified Healing Touch practitioner and also an RN at Cook County North Shore Hospital, Healing Touch is for everybody. Some of the benefits of Healing Touch (stress reduction, alleviation of anxiety and depression, pain treatment, improved immune function, enhanced recovery from surgery, cancer support and even support for lifestyle changes, spiritual growth and connection) are similar to the benefits found in other non-traditional forms of health care such as Reiki or acupuncture.

Most importantly, Faye said, even though Healing Touch was founded in 1989 as a continuing education program for nurses, massage therapists and other health care professionals, it is now available and beneficial for anyone to practice.

“You can use Healing Touch with others, animals, your children, yourself,” Faye said.

During a Healing Touch session, the provider will first do a consultation and ask a series of questions about your physical, mental and emotional situation and answer questions you might have. Then you lay fully clothed on a massage table. The practitioner scans your energy field by

passing a hand above the surface of your body, noting any sensations or imbalances, which may be experienced by the practitioner as heat, cold, tingling, pressure, heaviness, or lightness. The practitioner proceeds to assist you in balancing these different energies. Sessions generally last 4060 minutes and people frequently report feeling deeply relaxed and peaceful during and after the session.

For those interested in practicing Healing Touch, a twoday level-one class will be offered April 18-19 in Grand Marais. The class will be taught by Stacey Quade, who has maintained a private practice in Healing Touch and herbal medicine in Duluth since 2002.

According to Faye, the only requirement to learn and practice Healing Touch is a positive intention to help others—it is not particularly physically demanding. There are five levels in the Healing Touch certification program, and this fall, the North Shore Healing Touch group plans to offer a level-two course. Even after the level-one class though, you will have learned 12 techniques and enough theory to share the practice with others, and you can use the techniques to find more balance in your own life, Faye said.

Faye pointed out several examples of people she has worked with using Healing Touch that have experienced dramatic results.

“One woman had a history of lupus,” Faye said. “She had dry tear ducts and they had been that way for some time. After a Healing Touch session, she experienced improved tear duct function with the return of watering eyes.”

Another person Faye treated had cerebral palsy, which affects the musculoskeletal system. After a treatment, the

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young woman reported feeling three inches taller and had no pain.

Like other forms of health care, the more you receive it, the more your body responds, Faye said.

If you are interested in learning more about the Healing Touch workshop April 18-19, contact Pamela Faye at pfaye@boreal.org or 218-387-1566. You can learn more about Healing Touch and the full certificate program at www.healingbeyondborders.com.

Grand Marais Biomass District Heat

[ Utilizes plentiful low-value forest biomass { [ Stabilizes and reduces long term energy costs { [ Reduces City and County heating bills { [ Retains energy dollars in the local economy { [ Creates jobs { [ Supports local forest products industry { [ Increases local energy control and self-reliance { [ Reduces CO2 emissions {

Students learning how to practice Healing Touch.

at our booth at the

April 10-12

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Northern Trails Steelhead: Two Presentations that Work

By Gord Ellis

Having fished streams and rivers all across Ontario, I can say one thing for sure: if conditions are right, steelhead aren’t that tough to catch. They’re just fish, not magical beings. But you need to know how and when to use the right tools for the job.

Two basic techniques will catch river-run spring steelhead anywhere, at any time: drift and float fishing. Pick either of these techniques and you will be able to catch a steelhead. Master both techniques and fish will fear you.

Drift Fishing

This technique is really the root of steelhead fishing.

Most steelhead in streams and rivers are on or near the bottom. The technique of drift fishing simply allows a bait or fly to be bounced as naturally along the bottom as possible. The hope is any steelhead in the vicinity will decide your bait might be worth a taste, even if eating isn’t at the top of their minds. Drifting is, however, the technique anglers have the most difficulty with initially, as snags are common. If you are not getting snagged when you drift, you’re probably doing something wrong. The simplest way to drift fish is with a small group of split shot about a foot up the line, coupled with a single No. 6 Octopus hook.

You can then use whatever bait you choose, a roe bag being the traditional choice. You need to use enough weight to bounce bottom, but not so much you are constantly snagged. The good thing about this simple setup is it doesn’t take much rigging. The bad thing is when you are firmly snagged, you’ll break off everything.

A better alternative is to use a dropper rig that will allow the weights to pull off. To create a dropper rig, you need a small barrel swivel. These have a small eye on either end. Tie your main line to one end, and your leader and hook to the other. Then tie a short leader of line to the swivel at the main line end. This is your dropper. On the dropper you can clip or squeeze any number of weights, from very light to heavy. Egg sinkers work extremely well for droppers, as do split shot with no wings. The weights need to be snug enough on the line to stay put except under high stress.

Bait for Steelhead

Whether drifting or float fishing, steelhead baits should be simple. A small piece of coloured yarn slipped through the line knot on the hook is a time-tested lure, as are colourful glo-bug flies. Pieces of orange or red sponge cut into dime-sized balls are also deadly.

The classic natural bait is steelhead roe, or salmon eggs in mesh. Not everyone likes using spawn as it’s messy and means killing a steelhead. If I harvest a steelhead, it’s usually a clipped, stocked fish that has strayed into Ontario waters. Those eggs work just as well as wild fish.

The trick to drift fishing is to keep the rig moving along the bottom as naturally as you can. Cast your rig upstream into the current, and then feel for the bottom. This will take some practice. If you tighten up too late on the line you tend to get snagged. A long rod of at least 8 feet helps control your line. Keep the tip pointed up at about three o’clock and follow the path of the sinkers with your rod moving. You should be able to feel the sinkers as they drag downstream. Keep your line tight by reeling in excess slack. If you feel the rig stop, or any resistance at all, set the hook.

Float Fishing

When I started steelheading 40 years ago, tradition dictated you drifted bottom to catch steelhead. Today, it’s far less common to see a classic drift fisherman on the streams. Many people are suspending a fly or bait below a float.

I recommend float fishing to all new steelhead anglers. A properly rigged float keeps your bait off the bottom, but in the face of the fish.

To fish a float, use a graphite spinning rod of about 9 to 10 feet, as it improves line control. You can go longer, but rods over 10 feet create other headaches. It can be tricky to float fish properly with a spinning reel, but many of us have done it for years. However, if you get into float fishing in a serious way, it’s hard to beat a centre pin reel. They look somewhat like an over-sized fly fishing reel, but centre pin reels are larger and have an amazing ability to release line smoothly and evenly.

Here’s how to rig a float: Attach your float to the line. Below the float, tie a barrel swivel on the main line. Then attach 18 inches of leader material to the swivel. Tie the hook onto this leader.

Perhaps the most crucial element of float rigging is getting the split shot placement right. Usually, a couple larger shot near the float and three or four smaller shot down

near the hook will do. In fast water, bunch the lower shot up so the line swings down to the bottom faster. In slow water, separate the shot evenly. If the top of the float is tilted downstream, you are dragging bottom.

Experienced steelhead anglers can teach you a lot. Watch how they fish a float, then

imitate their on-the-water moves. Many of them will even help a greenhorn angler out, especially if there is a cup of hot coffee or a granola bar involved.

Gord Ellis Sr. with a spring steelhead. | GORD ELLIS

As Moose Numbers Drop, Controversy Climbs

By Joseph Friedrichs

Sue Prom once saw 17 moose while driving from the end of the Gunflint Trail to Grand Marais. That was in 1998.

These days, she feels fortunate to see one moose while making that same trip.

“We don’t see that many now, but people have great memories of seeing moose on the Gunflint Trail,” said Prom, co-owner of Voyageur Canoe Outfitters. “And everyone loves our moose, visitors and locals alike.”

In recent years, there has been a tremendous amount of discussion, media coverage and concern about Minnesota’s declining moose population. The latest results from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources annual moose survey placed the 2015 statewide moose population estimate at 3,450. This compares with an estimate of 4,350 in 2014. Overall, the number of moose is down approximately 60 percent from the 2006 estimate of 8,840. However staggering these statistics may be, they are merely estimates, stressed Alan Ek, head of the Department of Forest Resources at the University of Minnesota.

“Moose surveys are very complicated and subject to a number of assumptions,” Ek said. “This is in large part because moose are quite mobile. This means the precision and accuracy of moose surveys is very difficult to assess.”

Also, Ek noted, the moose surveys apparently do not include areas beyond the primary moose zone, including areas where moose are known to exist, though not necessarily in large numbers.

Regardless of the accuracy of recent moose surveys, it is impossible to deny that the overall population is shrinking in numbers. As wildlife researchers seek credible answers to the question of why Minnesota’s moose population continues to dwindle, a feeling of uncertainty has many people in the Northern Wilds coverage area crying foul at recent research conducted on moose in the region. In addition to studying adult moose, Minnesota wildlife researchers have spent the past two years collaring and trying to study newborn calves. There are many reasons for the study, though its primary purpose is to “determine causes of death in Minnesota’s moose to enhance the understanding of what factors may be responsible for the population’s recent decline,” according to the DNR. In order to complete the analysis, researchers are attaching collars with GPS tracking devices to the necks of newborn moose for the first time ever. Many of these moose are dying. The question is, how big of an influence are the researchers themselves playing in the mortality rate of infant moose in Minnesota?

“I appreciate the effort behind trying to find out what is going on with the moose,” said Sarah Hamilton, owner of Trail Center Lodge on the Gunflint Trail, “but killing the majority of calves they are collaring is sickening.”

Despite many uncertainties revolving around the study, what is known is that the first two years of the effort have been

viewed as unsuccessful from a public perspective and from that of the media, according to Glenn DelGiudice, the moose project leader for the DNR’s Forest Wildlife and Populations Research Unit. At the same time, what is being overlooked is that researchers are working diligently to fix the problems and that continuing the study is essential to the future of the moose in Minnesota, he added.

“People are saying ‘why not leave (the moose) alone? You’re killing some, just leave them alone. Let nature takes its course,’” DelGiudice said. “If we do that, we won’t learn more about survival rates each year, when they do die, what is killing them naturally and how that’s quantitatively impacting population dynamics year to year.”

To claim that the calf study hasn’t received a great deal of public support is likely an understatement. As of March 10, more than 1,350 people have signed an online petition supporting an end to the study, according to figures at change.org. Among the harshest critics who signed the petition was Erika Butler, a former wildlife veterinarian for the DNR.

“The benefits of this study do not outweigh the harm being done,” Butler said. “There does not need to be a long-term study on neonatal-moose mortality.”

Butler, who was laid off from the DNR

in September of 2013, said researchers were overwhelmed with the amount of calf abandonments that occurred as a result of the study. Consequently, many of the calves that were abandoned were left to starve to death, Butler stated. When she voiced her concern over the abandonment issues, Butler said she received little response from DNR officials.

“No one did anything about it, despite the concerns of their own agency wildlife vet,” Butler said.

When given the opportunity to respond to the petition in general and specifically to Butler’s comments, DelGiudice replied: “No thanks.”

“Engaging this sort of thing lends credibility to it,” he continued. “We’re professionals and I won’t do that.”

Whatever opinions the public holds, one fact remains: Thus far, there have been few calves to study. And this has nothing to do with an inability to collar newborn moose. On the contrary, as the calves often remain still and show little fear when approached by wildlife researchers, DelGiudice said. The trouble starts soon after the collars are placed on the calves. The phenomenon known as “capture-related abandonment”—which is essentially when a mother (cow) moose leaves her calf as a result of interference from humans and the calf subsequently dies—has been a major obstacle

in the success of the first two years of the study. In May and June of 2014, researchers put GPS collars on 25 moose calves, according to figures provided by DelGiudice. The trouble was, 19 of the 25 calves either were abandoned by their mothers or their collars fell off prematurely, leaving only six calves to be studied. Before the end of the summer, all six of the remaining calves that could be studied had died. All six were killed by predators, including wolves.

The study in 2013 didn’t fare much better. That year 49 calves were collared and 15 either lost their collars or were abandoned by their mothers. A majority of the remaining 2013 calves in the study died before the study year was complete. Once again, wolves and bears accounted for most of the mortality of the 34 collared calves being studied, DelGiudice noted.

However, heading into the 2015 calving season, DelGiudice said researchers are “extremely optimistic” that the study will be successful. Working with the telemetry company that manufactures the GPS collars, the calf-study teams have updated the collars, which in the two previous years have been prone to slip off and occasionally caused abrasions on the animals’ necks. Local researchers worked with the GPS manufacturers, including a company in Germany, and ran tests on cattle to fix those problems for 2015.

Glenn D. DelGiudice, Moose and Deer Project Leader, Forest Wildlife Populations and Research Group, attaches a collar to a moose calf in May 2013. | MNDNR

The other reason for optimism is that the research team seems to have found a better means of approaching the calves, one that relies on stealth and appears to cause less abandonment from cows. Instead of using a helicopter, as the capture crews did in 2013 and has often been the preferred method of locating collared adult moose with calves in other North American studies, during the first phase of captures in 2014, researchers located and approached calf-birthing sites without the assistance of a helicopter and handled the calves for about five minutes. But even without helicopter assistance, abandonments occurred. During the second phase of last year’s study, researchers limited their capture team to just two people and spent no more than 60 seconds with the calves, or just long enough to identify the animal’s sex and to slip the GPS collar onto the animal’s neck. This approach dramatically lessened the probability of calf abandonment and ultimately increased the likelihood of successfully tracking calves throughout the year as long as they didn’t die from natural causes, DelGiudice explained.

Regardless of the calf survival rate, the study is viewed as groundbreaking from a scientific standpoint, according to DelGiudice. The use of

“cutting-edge technology” has the ongoing study following the movements of moose in ways never done before anywhere in the world. The ability to study the locations, movement and habitat use of such young moose on an hourly basis with GPS tracking is an entirely new process, DelGiudice said. In the past, when VHF-radio collars were used, researchers didn’t have the ability to closely monitor the cow-calf relationship, he added.

“If we don’t use this technology we’re not going to get the data we need to answer the primary questions,” he said. “And the primary questions focus on why is this population declining?”

A difficult aspect for the media and general public to grasp concerning this study, DelGiudice said, is how essential it is concerning the future of the Minnesota moose population. Rather than thinking on “individual” terms, where the loss of each moose is viewed as a tragedy, the study paints a larger picture that will provide detailed, quantitative information about moose survival and reproduction at a population scale. Because moose mortality rates and the reason they die tend to fluctuate within a healthy ecosystem, it is vital that the study be conducted over a period of years,

not just a two-year sample, DelGiudice said. The study’s “cutting-edge research” will allow for critical data previously undocumented when it comes to moose-calf mortality and the numerous potential factors that influence it, such as habitat, proximity of the mother, her age, condition and investment in her offspring.

“All data from these collared calves are important,” DelGiudice said. “Survival, cause-specific mortality, and home range and habitat use… right up to their time of death or for the full year if they live that long.”

The other aspect of this study that has been challenging for people to understand, DelGiudice said, is that the research teams are doing groundbreaking work when it comes to capture-related mortality and calf abandonment. As it turns out, the very subject people are upset about concerning the study—which is basically that the researchers are harming the calves by collaring them—is actually a secondary purpose of the study itself. No previous research has ever noted the high level of abandonment the Minnesota researchers are seeing, according to DelGiudice. Complicating an already delicate situation, some cows during the study came back after leaving their calves and left repeated times, only to leave for good two to three days after the collaring. At this point, researchers have no idea why some cows leave and some cows stay with their young, according to DelGiudice.

Despite the negative result of a calf dying, at the very least researchers will be able to better understand how capture-related mortality works because they can reach a kill or abandonment so much faster than in previous studies. Which in simpler terms means: ‘If you want to make an omelet, you’ve got to break a few eggs.’

But this omelet does not come cheap. The project operates under a budget of approximately $250,000 annually. The funds come from a collection of grants and directly from the DNR, DelGiudice stated. In addition to the DNR project, similar studies are being conducted by the Natural

MOOSE cont. on page 38

The portion in light green shows the MNDNR moose study area. | MNDNR

Resources Research Institute in Duluth and several tribal agencies in Minnesota.

However groundbreaking using GPS collars on calf moose might be, the uncertainty of why Minnesota’s moose population continues to dwindle remains the heart of the issue. Theories abound and range from wolf predation to climate change. Some University of Minnesota scientists, including Ek, believe habitat change, including a lack of timber harvest, could play a role in the decline.

“In the long run, habitat always plays a major role in shaping moose numbers,” Ek said. “In the short run, weather and weather-induced or facilitated conditions can lead to problems with a variety of insect, disease or predator issues. This makes finding the key factor in moose population numbers very difficult, in the short run and especially with small samples.”

What makes pinpointing one specific cause of the dwindling moose population problematic is that oftentimes the reasons vary annually or semi-annually, DelGiudice said. For example, on Isle Royale there is a healthy population of moose living among wolves, and a balance seems to have naturally been reached with predator and prey. Therefore, to assume that wolves are the sole reason for the declining population of moose in Northeast Minnesota is not an educated assumption, according to many well-respected state and national biologists and wildlife researchers.

To complicate matters, in some areas of northeastern Minnesota, moose seem to be thriving,

such as the Middle Gunflint and areas recently burned by forest fires. However, to observe that the moose population is faring well in one particular spot and then assume it means something on a larger scale is comparable to the mistake of claiming climate change is a myth because it happens to be cold in a particular location for a few days during winter. In other words, DelGiudice said, in order to solve the ongoing saga of the moose, people have to think on a larger scale and set aside or accept individual losses of moose along the way, including the death of calves.

And for people such as Prom, that is easier said than done.

“I’m not a moose researcher,” she said, “but collaring and killing more calves to figure out what kills a small 14 percent of the calf population doesn’t seem like it makes sense.”

DelGiudice said this year’s effort, which starts when the first calves are born in early May, includes two teams of two people. Those researchers are highly educated, trained and experienced, he added. The goal is to get GPS collars on 50 calves with the intent of studying them for one year or however long they survive.

“This year, after capturing 50 calves, if these collars stay on those not killed by natural causes for a year,” DelGiudice said, “we’ll not only get great seasonal survival and cause-specific mortality rates over the year, but great seasonal home-range determinations and habitat compositions. Such data from all of the collared calves, up to their point of natural death, or for the full year if they survive that long, are incredibly valuable to what we’re trying to figure out.”

SPLIT ROCK RIVER

WHY GO: The Split Rock River is one of the more accessible streams from its mouth at Lake Superior up to the first barrier, and in the spring, it’s a great place to fish for steelhead trout. Farther upstream, there are brook trout to be caught.

ACCESS: The lower stretch of the river, before it empties into Lake Superior, can be accessed via a parking lot on the west side of Hwy. 61, south of the stream. Upstream, the river can be accessed at C.R. 3 and both the east and west branches of the stream are crossed by N. Alger Grade Road. There are other accesses farther north, but it’s probably not worth the time fishing up there.

VITALS: This stream is about 18 miles long, and is entirely in Lake County.

GAME SPECIES PRESENT: Brook trout and steelhead trout are the main targets, but Kamloops rainbow trout, coho salmon and pink salmon can also be caught on occasion near the mouth.

STEELHEAD OPTION: The Split Rock River has well under a mile of fishable water between its mouth on Lake Superior and the first barrier, but, “Overall, it’s a pretty nice stretch of river,” said Josh Blankenheim, large lake specialist for DNR’s Lake Superior fisheries office. “You don’t get that with all of the North Shore streams.” Typically, steelhead trout start showing up in early- to mid-April, Blankenheim said.

AFFECTED BY LATE SPRING: Blankenheim said the steelhead trout run came late last year because of high water conditions for most of spring. “We have had some good years for steelhead, but this was less than what we have come to enjoy,” he said. A repeat of that probably isn’t likely this spring.

OTHER RANDOM CATCHES: Anglers fishing later than spring near the mouth have been known to catch a few coho salmon, Blankenheim said. In the fall, a few pink salmon may also show up here. “We do see some other salmon species here in small numbers,” he said. There’s also the chance of catching a coaster brook trout here, Blankenheim said, adding that none were noted in the most recent creel survey conducted in 2013.

BROOKIES, AS WELL: Kelly McQuiston, a DNR streams specialist based in the Finland office, said there’s decent spring brook trout fishing to be had farther upstream between C.R. 3 and Alger Grade Road, where a hunter access trail follows the stream. Most of the brookies on this stretch range between 6 and 8 inches, though. Although there are cooler streams along the North Shore, which tend to support more brookies, the land uses along the stream have low impact, which bodes well for the trout.

— JAVIER SERNA

FALLS

UPSTREAM BARRIER

Newly released newborn calf, approximately 3 days old, with GPS collar, May 2014. | MNDNR

Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump World Heritage Site

By Elle Andra-Warner

Of the 250 known buffalo jump sites in North America, the biggest, oldest and best-preserved is the Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, used by Plains Indians beginning 5,800 years ago and continuing until the mid-1800s. Located on the eastern side of the Porcupine Hills of southwestern Alberta, it’s about a two-hour drive south from Calgary to reach the site and its award-winning interpretive centre, or 15 minutes northwest from historic Fort Macleod.

The site is deemed such an important world landmark that in 1981, it was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site with “great cultural, archaeological and scientific significance,” ranking alongside heritage sites like England’s Stonehenge, Ecuador’s Galapagos Islands and Egypt’s pyramids.

For thousands of years, the people of the northern Plains were largely dependent on the buffalo (bison) for most of their needs: hides for clothing and shelter; sinew, bone and horn for tools; dung for fires; and, meat for food. Their sophisticated technique of making pemmican to store the meat goes back 4,000 years. They survived because of buffalo and their principal method of killing large numbers of bison was the buffalo jump, where herds of several hundred were herded over cliffs and butchered where they landed. At the bottom of the 36-foot cliff (11 metres), archaeologists estimate the bone deposits go down another 39 feet.

The heritage site’s webpage states, “Buffalo jumping is such a sophisticated hunting technique that modern science is only beginning to understand its workings.” Amazing to think that at the time Europeans first arrived in North America, there were an estimated 60 million buffalo in the Great Plains; by the mid-1800s, after reckless slaughter by newcomers, numbers were around a thousand; by the late 1870s, the buffalo had disappeared from the plains.

According to a Blackfoot interpreter, after a spiritual ceremony, the buffalo hunt started with “buffalo runners”—young hunters

trained in animal behaviour, disguised in animal hides and imitating sounds like coyotes and wolves—would pass near buffalo grazing in the gathering basin several miles west of the jump site, trying to lure the buffalo into a V-shaped “drive lanes” system leading to the cliff. These lanes were lined by hundreds of rock cairns about 1632 feet apart.

Like a funnel, the drive lanes converged to a narrow opening located directly over the highest point of the cliff. Closer to the cliff, people in buffalo hides came out from behind the cairns, and would shout and wave their coats so the animals wouldn’t stray. The buffalo would panic, stampeding into a thundering plunge over the cliff, where hunters waited to kill them. The carcasses would be carved and dragged to a nearby kilometre-wide butchering camp for processing.

Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump’s dramatic $9.8 million seven-tiered Interpretive Centre, is built into the side of an ancient sandstone cliff. Only the entrance is visible from the road with the exterior blending with the natural landscape. Contractors removed a section of the cliff when they built the massive concrete box building and then pulled the earth and grass back over the top of the building.

Inside, displays are arranged on a series of terraces. Five distinct exhibit levels using state-of-the-art exhibits, short films, multimedia, and interactive computer displays have storylines that correspond with the centre’s mandate “to chronicle the buffalo hunter culture of the Plains Indians from prehistoric time to arrival of first Europeans.” I particularly enjoyed the 10-minute imaginative film about a prehistoric hunt from the point of view of a young buffalo runner and a holy woman who leads the hunt.

At the top of the building visitors may walk the Cliff Top Trail to an interpretive platform at the actual site from where buffalo jumped after thundering through the funnel drive lane to the cliff’s edge. And the panoramic view of the mountains, cliffs and horizon-stretching plains is stunning.

Curious about the name, “Head-SmashedIn”? Apparently, the name doesn’t come from the buffalo, but rather a young man who decided to watch the hunt close-up from underneath the cliff. When the hunt was over, they found him with a crushed skull under a pile of dead buffalo.

Millions of visitors have visited HeadSmashed-In Buffalo Jump since the centre opened in 1987 (tours are available with Blackfoot guides). A plaque at the entrance explains UNESCO placed it on the World Heritage list as a “site of outstanding universal value forming part of the cultural heritage of mankind.”

Photo © Gary Alan Nelson

Sign to Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump in southern Alberta, an UNESCO World Heritage World Site since 1981 as a “great cultural, archaeological and scientific significance.” | ELLE ANDRA-WARNER

Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump showing the cliff edge, and to the left, the drive lane before the jump; in the distance, the less used Calderwood Buffalo Jump (goes back 2800 years). | ELLE ANDRA-WARNER

Strange Tales

The Birthplace of 3M

By Elle AndraWarner

In Two Harbors on June 13, 1902, five prominent northern Minnesota individuals met to form a small mining company that today is one of the world’s most successful multinational companies with 89,800 employees in 70 countries and $31.8 billion in sales on more than 55,000 products. The company? 3M Company, though its original, incorporated name was Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company. And it all began in the small frontier town of Two Harbors in a nondescript two-story law office building.

The five 3M founders included physician Dr. J. Danley Budd, who built a hospital in Two Harbors in 1896 (now the Lakeside Boarding & Lodging Home); meat-market owner Hermon Wilson Cable, a Canadian who immigrated to the U.S. in 1885; Duluth and Iron Range Railroad executives Henry J. Bryan and William Pond McGonagle; and lawyer John Dwan, who owned the law office building where the founders signed the incorporation papers, and rented the second floor at $15 a month for 3M’s first corporate headquarters.

Each man contributed $1,000 for 1,000 shares to mine corundum at Crystal Bay near Baptism River. A rare mineral almost as hard as diamond, corundum was valuable to manufacturers as an abrasive material. The company purchased 300 acres at Crystal Bay, built a large five-story mill crusher and a tramway to bring ore from the mine to the plant. The original plan was to mine, process and sell raw corundum to grinding wheel manufacturers. Only the second such mine in North America (the other mine was in Ontario),

the venture seemed destined to be profitable; however, there was a big snag.

As the story goes, the founders had launched 3M on a prospector’s word that the rock was corundum. After shipping their first one-ton load of ‘corundum’ in March 1904, it was discovered their ‘corundum’ was actually low-grade anorthosite, a commercially worthless soft rock. Riddled with debt, a useless mine and piles of rock, the company seemed doomed.

The founders were determined not to give up. They decided rather than supplying raw materials, 3M could manufacture their own products, beginning with making sandpaper. But to move forward with their new plan, they needed investors. Fortunately in 1905, two principal investors from St. Paul—railroad man Edgar B. Ober and self-made millionaire Lucius Pond Ordway—rescued the struggling company by paying off debts, adding capital, and eventually purchasing 60 percent of the company.

The infusion of money allowed the founders in 1905 to establish a sandpaper manufacturing plant in Duluth’s vacant Imperial Flour Mill, and to import garnet needed to make the product. But the fledgling company ran into another problem: the crushed garnet kept falling off the sandpaper when customers used it. The company went deeper into debt. For a time, company shares became so worthless that bartenders were accepting two 3M shares for one shot of whiskey.

Over the next several years, Ober, Cable and Dwan worked without pay to keep the company afloat while major shareholder Ordway spent another $200,000 on the company. During this time, two key executives joined the company: in 1907 assistant bookkeeper William L. McKnight—later 3M president 1929-1966—and in 1909, sales manager A. G. Bush.

In 1910, Ordway moved the sandpaper operations from Duluth to a new plant in St. Paul. Six years later, the corporate headquarters in Two Harbors moved to St. Paul (today’s headquarters is in Maplewood).

That same year, 1916, 3M paid out its first dividend at six cents a share, and has paid a quarterly dividend ever since.

The four men—Ober, Ordway, McKnight and Bush—are credited with putting 3M on the road to success and laying the foundations for its corporate culture of innovation and creativity. Today 3M makes Scotch tape, Thinsulate and Post-It Notes among its 55,000 products.

In Two Harbors, the Dwan building on Waterfront Drive and Second Avenue— where 3M began—was purchased by Lake County Historical Society in 1991. A year later it was included on the National Regis -

ter of Historic Places and opened as a museum. A decade later, 3M provided over $100,000 to renovate and update the museum, and continues to provide an annual operating grant.

What happened to 3M’s properties in northeastern Minnesota? Crystal Bay property is now part of Tettegouche State Park and Carlton Peak is part of Temperance River State Park.

The building in which the company was founded is now a museum. | ELKMAN

Sheriff Reports on the Good Ol’ Days

By Dick Dorr

My law enforcement career covered a period from 1969 to 1997, with all those years except four (1973-77) working in Cook County. Perhaps I can attempt to set the stage as to what the area was like, from my perspective, and go from there.

The lay of the land

In 1969, I was only three years removed from high school and had no idea what the law enforcement vocation was all about. Cops just put on a gun and help people, right? I was most familiar with Grand Marais because it’s where I grew up, but I had no idea how rowdy Cook County was. Organized law enforcement was still being established and several men in the community had given it a try only to say, “Nope, that’s not for me.”

In the mid sixties, two local men worked as Grand Marais police officers. One of the men returned to his business. The other worked one year and left to pursue a career with the highway patrol. In 1967, another local man took the job as police chief, and it was on his watch that organized law enforcement finally began in Grand Marais.

A similar pattern occurred within the sheriff’s department, which consisted of two officers—the sheriff and one deputy. Upon the retirement of an older, long-time deputy, two local men gave the job a try. One left after a short time and went into U.S. Customs work. Another tried the job and decided it wasn’t for him. In the late fall of 1969, my father, a U.S. Border patrol officer, informed me of an opening in the sheriff’s department. Against my mother’s wishes, I went to see the sheriff and was hired.

When I started, the Grand Marais police department had grown to two officers. Times were changing though, and the town needed more coverage. Little did I know that the sheriff and his deputy went home at 4 p.m. each day. That left the county

pretty much wide open and contributed to a fairly rowdy environment. The city officers did not appreciate this fact one bit as they had discovered what went on when the sun went down.

I put my uniform and gun on with little knowledge of what to do. I was scheduled to attend the Bureau of Criminology police training school in March-April of 1970. In the meantime, I drove around in my International corn-binder truck and acquainted myself with the county.

Then came my first call

I was sent to a home in the country where a suicide had occurred. When I entered the home, I wasn’t prepared for the scene before me. I did my job documenting the scene with notes and pictures, making certain it wasn’t a crime scene and arranging for an agency to clean the residence. Little did I know that this scene would stay with me forever.

Training

I answered more calls and performed my duties until March, when I left for training. Boy, was that an eye opener! The instructors were agents with the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension and retired Minneapolis police officers. They taught traffic law, criminal law, self-defense, first aid, and of course shooting exercises at a range.

As I met fellow officers and listened to their stories, I realized how far behind I was regarding professional knowledge. They mentioned I.C.R.’s (initial complaint reports) that are written for each call. I’d never heard of them before. I had been working in an Andy of Mayberry environment and sure as heck didn’t want to be Barney Fife.

The weeks passed and classes went well. The final week was dedicated to shooting. The day prior to our scored field shoot, a couple of officers came to my room and bragged how they were going

to out-shoot me with their Colt revolvers. I had just cleaned and emptied my Smith and Wesson revolver.

“I’m going to take my trusty Smith and Wesson (as I raised it and aimed at a coke bottle on my dresser) and leave you in the dust!” I said.

BLAM!!!! My gun, which I knew was empty, blew up the bottle. The officers hit the deck. I looked at my “empty” gun in disbelief. How could it have happened? I grew up with guns. I knew I had unloaded it.

The hole in the wall told me otherwise. I ran to the front desk to check room occupancy. They were all full. I KNEW I HAD KILLED SOMEONE! I was given the keys

to those rooms and checked them one by one. I had blown coffee makers off walls, shot through shower tiles and found the bullet in the headboard of the bed in the fifth room it had passed through. Much to my relief, it was near suppertime and the rooms were empty. Local police investigated the accidental discharge. I managed to avoid further repercussions and did not get kicked out of school. The next day the shooting instructor approached me.

“Sounds like you had some excitement in your room last night, Dorr,” he said.

I finished with the highest shooting score in my class, but to this day, a gun cannot ever be empty enough for me.

A coin toss

Two interesting incidents took place while I was away. In March, a homicide occurred in Cook County. A woman stabbed her husband during a domestic dispute and he died. When I returned to work in April, I would discover how the sheriff’s department investigated this crime. A few days after that, on April 1, some of us from the training school went to the local Holiday Inn to relax. I spotted two young ladies at a table while the dance music was playing.

“Heads for the blonde, tails for the brunette,” I said to my friend.

I got heads and two weeks later I was engaged. We were married June 20. That was 44 years ago. So, after six months on the job I witnessed tragedy, shot up a motel and met my wife. What could possibly be next? I would soon find out.

Dick Dorr

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Water and What We Know: Following the Roots of a Northern Life

By Karen Babine University of Minnesota Press, 2015

Living along the North Shore is a life centered around the idea of place. For writer Karen Babine, this idea of place and its role in forming our identity is the impetus for a series of essays that explore the link between natural history and memory, landscape and identity and place and meaning.

Babine takes us to places all over Minnesota’s north, including Itasca State Park, the Red River Valley during the 1997 floods, and Lake Superior, all the while connecting personal stories to the places she describes. Anyone who enjoys reading personal essay and place-based writing will enjoy this new book.

—Erin Altemus

(search by Property Type: Waterfront 181A South Bay) and/or PropertyGuys.com (search #151494.)

Lake Nipigon: Where the Great Lakes Begin

By Nancy Scott Dundurn Press, 2015

Lake Nipigon is the largest inland lake within Ontario. Its name translates loosely in Ojibwa to “the lake that extends over the horizon.” The lake itself is wild and remote, renowned for its legendary fishing opportunities and unusual geographical features that give it a distinct beauty.

Writer Nancy Scott, a park planner with the Ministry of Natural Resources, provides an extensive natural history of this great lake, including the aboriginal history, geographical forces that shaped the lake, and the communities that remain today. She discusses the woodland caribou population that remains in the area, though they are threatened, the fishery of the lake, the fur trade era, hydro power in the region, and outdoor adventure pursuits. This comprehensive overview of the lake that inspired the children’s book “Paddle to the Sea” is full of stories and information that broadens our understanding of Lake Nipigon.

—Erin Altemus

northern sky

APRIL 2015

By Deane Morrison— MINNESOTA STARWATCH

April opens with a predawn lunar eclipse. It begins at 5:16 a.m. on the 4th, but moonset occurs at 6:47 a.m., just 11 minutes before the onset of totality. Don’t worry too much about missing it, though; totality lasts only five minutes. And with sunrise at 6:40 a.m., the moon will set in near-full eclipse against a bright sky.

The evening sky features the adventures of Venus, the globe of the golden west, which is now climbing past the winter stars as they sink into the sunset. Between the 10th and 12th, our brilliant sister planet skirts the Pleiades star cluster. Within a few days Venus has also passed the V-shaped Hyades cluster and orange Aldebaran, the eye of Taurus, the bull. On the 21st a waxing crescent moon joins the assembly.

High in the south after nightfall, Jupiter is moving with the rearguard of winter stars on its way to a rendezvous with Venus at the end of June. The king of planets now resides between Leo, the lion, and the subdued beauty of the Beehive star cluster. The bright star east of Jupiter is Regulus, the heart of the lion; it anchors the Sickle of stars outlining Leo’s head. A triangle of stars further east marks the hindquarters and tail. If you extend a line from Regulus past Jupiter, you’ll find the Beehive—especially if you use binoculars.

If you’re an early riser, look about 90 minutes before sunrise to get a good view of Saturn low in the south, masquerading as one of the claws of S-shaped Scorpius. Compare the soft gold of the ringed planet to the red of gigantic Antares, the scorpion’s heart, just southeast of Saturn.

The Lyrid meteor shower peaks the mornings of the 22nd and 23rd. Meteors

radiate from the constellation Lyra, the lyre, which is high in the east in the predawn hours.

The University of Minnesota offers public viewings of the night sky at its Duluth campus. For more information and viewing schedules, see the Marshall W. Alworth Planetarium at www.d.umn.edu/planet.

REDUCED

Caribou Highlands Unit #541

MLS#6002145 $159,000

Newer and beautiful 2 BR townhome ski in/ski out at Caribou Highlands Lodge. Modern kitchen with stainless steel appliances. Perfect location for all the activities that Lutsen has to offer!

Tofte 90 Hoaglund Drive

MLS# 6002328 $545,000

MLS#6002521

Grand Marais 241 Mile O Pine Rd

MLS#6003228 $390,500 Gunflint Lake 3 Season Home on 200’ of prime frontage, 3 BR, 1 ¾ baths, big rock fireplace, 11 big picture windows, guest cabin,

jetted tub. Open main level floor plan with great room, kitchen and fireplace. Private Association with carefully crafted declarations for your benefit. Vacation Rentals and private management available or perfect for second home or permanent residence.

Lutsen 505 Poplar River Rd

MLS#6002439 $419,000 The Poplar River Condominiums are Lutsen Resorts most flexible luxury accommodations. These three bedroom units offer outstanding views of Lake Superior. Nestled on 20 acres of land across the Poplar River from the Main Lodge, the site offers privacy with convenient access to all Lutsen Resort Amenities and activities.

Grand Marais 517 S Gunflint Lake

MLS#6000932 $599,000

Gunflint Lake home on nearly 12 acres of forest land with 619’ of private shoreline on Gunflint Lake. Two stall detached garage, guest cabin, boathouse and woodshed. Priced below taxable market value! Call Bruce today for showing.

Lutsen 261 Caps

Trail Tait Lake

MLS#6001233 $334,500

Tait Lake in Lutsen. Wonderfully appointed and extremely well maintained 2 bedroom, loft and 2 bath south facing home on a 2.9 acre parcel and 190’ of shoreline with dock. Abundance of natural light throughout the home. New addition in 2006 includes second bedroom, bathroom hallway and laundry. Office added in 2011 (could be converted to third bedroom). Excellent value. Call Katterine today for your private showing.

H5

g r E aT Vacan T Land Va LUES

Jonvick Creek Beautiful home sites in mature Maple, Spruce and Birch forest. $29,500-54,900

xxx Sawbill Trail 120 Acres located up the Sawbill Trail. Large Maples MLS# 27551 $199,900

xxx Mountain Ash Ln Cedar covered hillside overlooking Lake Superior in Lutsen.

MLS#60000147 $649,000

xxx Mile O’Pine 1.6 acres, Gunflint Trail.

MLS#6002389 $179,900

xxx Leveaux Ridge 3.45 acres Birch Forest, pines, Lake Superior View MLS#6002548 $29,500

Johannes Toftey Homestead Sites

Beautiful hillside lots in Tofte with Lake Superior and Carlton Peak views.

$35,750-55,000

Tofte Airport Home Sites Located between Lutsen and Tofte. Convenient Location with outstanding values. $24,750-33,000

Tait Pines Nestled hillside adjacent to Tait Lake in Lutsen, just 13 miles up the Caribou Trail. $37,950-$57,750

Caribou Hillside Outstanding homesites tucked along the hillside of Caribou Lake.

$52,250-$126,500

342 Rd Schroeder 160 acres covered in Maples, Birch, and other mixed forest. Can be sold as parcels. MLS#6000143 $199,000

Hovland 90 Stonegate Rd

MLS#6002703 $699,000

This home blends pure quality restating an original Lake Superior homestead with a Clarence Kemp addition that seamlessly ties two areas under one roof with masterful eloquence. Kitchen with custom made cabinetry, high-end appliances, gas stove, granite countertops and a custom designed brick-oven. An open living space with the Great Room with vaulted ceilings with Lake Superior view. Kitchen, great room and dining room are all connected.

Grand Marais 185 N Pike Lake Rd

MLS#6003124 $449,900

Enjoy the solitude on nearly 600 feet of meandering shoreline along the north side of Pike Lake. Located at the end of North Pike Lake Road this is literally the last private piece of land on this part of the lake. This home was built in 1993 and is used year round as a prime vacation spot. The property boasts 1 bedroom plus a loft that serves as additional sleeping space. Full kitchen and ¾ bathroom round out the amenities. A woodstove will keep you toasty warm on winter nights. For the summer there is a large lake facing deck. Dock and fire ring round out the amenities along the shore.

Lutsen 5295 W Hwy 61

MLS#6002804 $129,000

Two+ bedroom manufactured home located downtown Lutsen. New septic and deck summer 2011. Newer roof, furnace and dishwasher. Great location with convenient horseshoe driveway and level lot. Solid foundation. Walking distance to “downtown Lutsen” and close proximity to area employers and related businesses. Very nice floor plan with well appointed furnishings included.

Grand Marais 1817 W Hwy 61

MLS#6002458 $139,900 Hwy 61 West from Grand Marais, located close to town on a private wooded lot. This home has 4 bedrooms and plenty of options for a new owner to add sweat equity. Property may be divisible. Mix of residential and commercial zoning.

Lutsen, MN 44 Lodge Lane

MLS#6003364 $269,500 This 3 bedroom 2 bath Lutsen Log Lodge has been carefully maintained. Main level has 2 bedrooms and a private bathroom. Second level has a private master bedroom and master bathroom with jetted tub. Open kitchen area to main great room with fireplace. Its location on the Ski Hill Road offers

Lutsen, MN 5170 W Hwy 61

MLS#6003083

Cool cabin, cool piece of

estate, mutli-options present themselves for future use consideration. An all around cool place.

neW! eLeganCe & COMfORT on Lake superior’s Cascade beach rd! Lovingly remodeled, the owners focused on Luxury and style in the northwoods: a massive stone fireplace for the ages; a master bath filled with natural stone, steam shower and soaker tub; and a living room noble as the big Lake! separate Glass studio with billiards, Foosball & darts! rustic guest cabin captures the Old time north shore. $899,000 ML s#6003535

neW! WOWseR Of a Lake suPeRIOR HOMe In TOf Te! Wrapped in the history of the north shore! accessible and sPeCtaCUL ar 177 ft of Lake superior in Wilderness setting! staggering views of Lake superior from the kitchen and dining area! you’ll love having your morning coffee on the new deck surrounded by mature spruce and pine! 3+ bdrms, 3 garages! sweet location just west of tofte, walk to blue Fin, bike to Lutsen! $475,000 ML s#6003473

QuIeT OasIs On THe

BIg Lake! relax and just enjoy Life, a masterpiece of main level living for the couple who enjoys entertaining but also enjoys having their own space at the end of the night, why, that’s why you have two guest quarters!

MLs#6003227

ReDuCeD! $799,999

DR a M aTIC sHOR eLIne anD InCR eDIBLe V IeWs! must see Lake superior home, main level master bedroom, very cool cobblestone fireplace, open kitchen to family floor plan! Great tofte location, walk to Coho Café! MLs#6001714 $650,000

BesT Ba Rga In anD LOCaTIOn On Lake

suPeRIOR! Quality crafted townhome features an owner’s suite so luxurious your family and guests may wonder if you’ll ever reappear! 476’ of shared shore w/ a point that juts dramatically into the lake forming Good harbor & Cutface Creek beach. Water, sewer, ext. maint. covered by assoc., Just show up, relax, and e xplore! ML s#6002475 R eDuCeD! $337,500

PeRCHeD On THe eDge Of Lake suPeRIOR! architecturally pleasing home w/ large decks, enjoy Lake superior breezes, or stay warm in the sunroom with Captivating Views! Owner’s suite is the place for naps and boreal dreams! Guests will enjoy the upstairs suite or exterior bunkroom adjacent to garage. super location, Walk the bike path to temperance r iver’s mouth in to Lake superior!

BesT Lake suPeRIOR LOCaTIOn aT THOMsOnITe

BeaCH! super location between Grand marias and Lutsen with incredible views of the big Lake! meticulously maintained, move in ready, Great Opportunity to make this your dream Lake superior home! MLs#6001226 $569,500

DR ea MY Lake suPeRIOR land and lakeshore! several acres of privacy and way more than 200 ft of Level access Lake superior shoreline in schroeder, near sugarloaf Cove naturalist a rea! MLs#6001554 ReDuCeD! $275,000

LOTs Of LanD anD LakesHOR e On Lake suPeRIOR! Well maintained

Ta IT Lake HOMe In LuTsen! enjoy Fall leaf color from the breezy deck overlooking the 260 ft of shoreline! tons of light flows through the Living room focusing on Wilderness lake views. Well maintained year round home is totally dialed in and the garage boasts a roomy workshop with spacious guest suite! ML s#6002868 R eDuCeD! $329,000

suMMeR Ca MP On DeVIL TR aCk Lake! southern exposure, gravel beach! serene setting, sweet deck perfect for summer fish fry’s! Cabin has electricity, baseboard heat and wood stove to take the chill off those cool summer

fROM $115,000 ML s#6002881

neW! #620 MOOse MTn

4-5 bedrm mint townhome!

ML s#6002082 $330,000

neW! 605 MOOse MTn

4 bedrm mint townhome!

ML s#6002557 $297,000

HOneYMOOneR’s ReTR eaT In LuTsen! nearly 5 acres, 279 ft of Wilderness shoreline! enjoy eagles fishing the Lake from your dock! a rchitecturally designed, custom crafted home welcomes you with its locally crafted douglas Fir doors! Clean lines in the kitchen; Custom douglas Fir and heart Pine shelving surrounding the basalt stone Fireplace in the Great room make for a magnificent space overlooking peaceful Christine Lake. Guest cabin to boot! ML s#6003498 $449,900 Ca RIBOu Lake HOMe On gORgeOus sHOR eLIne! Warmth and comfort welcome you to this lovely lake home! Large kitchen with island, open dining to sunroom! enjoy saunas and hot tubs in the spa room! Updated master bath, gorgeous river rock fireplace! attached garage for the cars, detached for the toys! ML s#TBD $486,000

nICe Lake V IeW HOMe OV eRLOOk Ing nIneMILe Lake! tons of space, great views and a ffordable Low maintenance Living! ML s#6002645 $145,000 a nCIenT PInes On Ta IT Lake! Lovely log sided Cabin with Vaulted Ceilings, Gorgeous Fireplace, and awesome Views! so much to Offer, yr r nd Living on tait Lake in Lutsen! ML s#6003095 $369,000

feaTuR eD LIsTIng! 526 moose mountain, mint Condition with Great Views, a must see at bargain R eDuCeD!

$189,500 ML s#6002963

$175,000 gR eaT Va Lue!

On DeeRYa RD Lake, with garage/ workshop/cabin with 100 ft of nice shoreline and nearly 3 acres of south sloping land. electric, well, septic tank, and dock! Can’t beat this value for Lutsen Lakeshore Living! MLs#6001066

$139,000

eLeganT anD InCOMe geneR aTIng Qua RTeR sH a R e aT suR fsIDe! at tofte’s upscale surfside resort. #7 is a stone’s throw from accessible shoreline you’ll LOV e , this townhome, and it’s affordable with the Quarter share option! no other end unit compares on

LOV eLY BLuefIn BaY Lake superior home! modern and functional space from the kitchen overlooking the lake and Great room, flowing through a newly remodeled upper level, you’ll fall in love with this townhome! nice rental revenues makes this vacation home a keeper!

MLs#6002385 $554,900 neW! #70 BeHInD COHO! must see!! ML s#6003372 $560,000, skIPPIng sTOnes On Lake suPeRIOR aT THe VILL as! if you haven’t seen the Villas in a while, you better look again! most have been updated, especially k 3! Let us show you the neW LOOk in the sea Villas and you will LOV e them! aT WaTeRs eDge k3 VILLa, suPeR BaRgaIn aT $177,500 ReDuCeD

naTuR a L BeauTY! main level year round living just east of Grand marais, with insulated garage! ML s#6002327 MOTIVaTeD seLLeRs! $179,900

funCTIOna L HOMe

On 6 aC in between Lutsen and tofte, just a minute to the ski hill or sugarbush XCountry trails! Garage, tons of space! $199,000 ML s#6002213

aRCHITeCTuR a L DesIgn near Carlton Peak! Good bang for your buck for square footage, this multi-level home is very Cool. Updated gourmet kitchen, new flooring and carpet and two garages! ML s#6001636 $240,000

WeLCOMIng fa MILY HOMe WITH RenTa L aPa RTMenT! 4 bedrm home is great for the growing family! Offset your mortgage with rental income from a nice one bedrm attached apartment. Great value at $199,000! ML s#6003097

DeVIL TR aCk R D HOMe! nice home for someone looking for sweat equity, desirable location on 10 ac of nice land! tons of potential! $180,000 ML s#6000256 fIne LIVIng In fInL anD! Cherry cabinets in k itchen, huge deck overlooking Pines! Garage and sheds. Great Price! $175,000 ML s#6002456

suPeR OPPORTunITY, rent the Lower Level and love living on the main level with wrap around deck and LOV eLy Lake superior views! really worth a look, great living spaces! ML s#6003021 Ba Rga In PRICe! $189,900

TuCkeD a LOng sPRIngDa Le R D developed build site with drive, sheds, sauna and drilled well! Older trailer home. $52,700 ML s#6003229

greenhouse and barns! ML s#6002736 $225,000

CR az Y BIg Lake

seLLeR $225,000

RuggeD TeRR a In CR a DLes THIs sHOWBOaT Ca BIn! towering Pines silhouettes the view toward Lake superior from the upstairs deck, a nice functional design with open kitchen to family room, newer construction with garage! ML s#6002692

s i Lver Bay to Litt L e Marais to Fin L and & i sa B e LL a!

Rocky Wall Overlooking Lake superior just outside silver bay PRICe ReDuCeD!

$105,000 MLs#6003239

80 acres for $79,000 blesner Lake rd! MLs#6003110

Show Stopping Views from this White tail r idge building site, looks over Wolf r idge eLC, astounding mountain top Views! MLs#6002468 $79,000

Rocky Wall land with driveway in place, hUGe views of shovel Point!

MLs#6002434 $99,000

Sonju Lake Road in Finland! several large parcels from $44,900 MLs#6001324

Huge Lake Superior views, build site surrounded by cliff wall and creek! MLs#6001295 $89,900

160 acre parcel of upland maples and boreal forest. beautiful forest, absolute quiet, total seclusion. Owned by the same family since 1904! MLs#6002612 ReDuCeD! $129,000

s chroeder a rea n ear the c ross r iver!

40 Ac of Maples and boreal forest meandering toward a sweet moose pond and creek, with driveway in place and cleared build site! MLs#6002822 $125,000

Sweet mint cabin on 10 ac of maples!

$87,900 MLs#6002164

Gorgeous Acreage

Overlooking sawtooth range! yr round, electric.

$45,000 MLs#6003185

DRAMATIC Mountain Top Views, rolling hills, maple Forests fading in to spruce and Pine and year rOU nd aCCess…simply said a maGniFiCent piece of land…tons of acreage available, or just pick up a 40 for $70,000! mUst see , call emily today! mL s #6001560, multiple#’s call for full map and prices! fROM $70,000 MLs#6001560-66

10 Ac Parcels of Maples! scramble across the rolling terrain of mature maples (breathtaking in the Fall) to a sweet building site Perched Over a mixed boreal Forest, Good Levels of serenity For sure! year round access and electric at road! ML s#6000676 $56,900

Sugarloaf Retreats on High Ridge Drive, located up the surgaloaf road from sugarloaf Cove naturalist a rea, enjoy large acreage parcels at rock bottom prices! From $62,000! ML s#25701-4

Sunshine Day Dreams, It’s Springtime Up North!

Entrepreneurs Wanted! Commercial land with storage buildings in place, Lake superior side of hwy in schroeder. Perfect for additional storage bldgs. to increase revenues, or start a hardware, contractor, Farmer’s market spot…may build to suit!!

ML s#6002386 $99,000

t o F te a rea

n ear B LueFin Bay r esort!

LeVeaux Mountain, super Views and Wildlife Ponds! fROM $52,500

MLs#6002929 & MLs#6002995

Just Up the Sawbill Trail Grab your little piece of the northwoods, rolling terrain and small community feel with year round access, great build sites!

ML s#6001346 from $17,500!!

Toftevaag on the Sawbill, nice Lake Views! Walk to the Coho, great location!

fROM $53,000 MLs#29252

Cool Spot for your Dream Home! driveway is in place leading to a drop dead gorgeous building site with ledge rock vertical drop water fall!

MLs#6002624

ReDuCeD! $54,900

New! Mature Spruce and BIG Lake Views! Walk to blue Fin bay, drilled well in place! $49,900 ML s#6003482

Lutsen Lake v iews & w i L derness Lands!

Turnagain Trail Hunting Parcel! Convenient to everything, but end of the road! fROM $59,000 MLs#6003036

Over 15 ac of Wilderness on turnagain trail in Lutsen! MLs#6002934 $69,500

Prime Build Site(s) just off theCaribou at Jonvick Creek! $49,000 MLs#6003188

Gorgeous 5 acre parcels in the heart of Lutsen paved Caribou trail locale bordering UsFs lands!

MLs#6002383

fROM 54,900-$77,500

Rollins Ridge land, hike to Oberg mtn from your front door! MLs#6002351

ReDuCeD! $49,900

New! Creek Build Site just off the Caribou trail at Jonvick Creek! rare and Unique build site!

MLs#6003633 $59,500

What an opportunity!

30 plus acres on Lutsen’s ski hill rd, just down the hill from the midwest’s best ski area: Lutsen mountains. Great views of Lake superior and toward moose mountain. MLs#6002951 $269,900

Honeymoon Trail Wildlife Lands!

10 ac nearby Poplar r iver in Lutsen, great hunting or hiking land at a sUPer Great price! ML s#26729 $39,900

30 acres of Prime Wilderness Land with year round access and electric at street with Views of Lutsen’s famed Clara Lake! ML s#6001462 $137,500

Lovely 20 acre parcel located on the outskirts of Lutsen, only minutes to bigsby and Caribou Lakes! nice mixed forest with high ground for choice building sites. Great price for your northwoods getaway!

ML s#31531 $37,900

Gorgeous Views of Williams and Wills Lake in Lutsen! year round access, electric, mountain top site bordering UsFs land. a Wonderful place to build your northwoods home!

ML s#6001685 R eDuCeD! $70,000

Super Building Site on Honeymoon Trail Lutsen locale with electric and all year access! high ground!

ML s#6001796 $28,800

Grand Marais Location

Location Location!

60 Acres Minutes to Grand Marais near devil track Lake! easy walking/ biking access across Fed land to monker Lake! ML s#6002586 $95,900

Birch Drive just west of Grand marais, wilderness living with sUPer build sites, borders UsFs lands, year round access! Great buy at $45,000 ReDuCeD!

WOW! MLs#6002349

A River Runs Through It! 160 acres of Upland and r iver Frontage on the Cascade r iver near eagle mountain, a r are Find with tons of opportunity. Whether hunting land or Wilderness retreat, this is a Great Opportunity!

ML s#31732 $140,000

Own your own park in the heart of Grand marais!

MLs#6002396 $17,000

County Rd 7 Murphy Mountain Lake View lands! bargain buys in young Poplar Forest, easy clearing for sweet Lake superior Views for as little as $39,900! Or enjoy hilltop build site with driveway in place, creek bordering site for $89,900! ML s#25633

60 Ac with Lake Views e of Grand marais! keep this gem all to yourself and enjoy plenty of elbow room!

MLs#6002841 $124,900

Parten Way on Pike Lake Rd! Panoramic Vistas of the sawtooths, road rough in, a five minute drive to new Pike Lake Landing! yr round access! $39,900 uP MLs#6003047

Wild Plum Drive, east of Grand marais! nice level build site, yr round and electric avail. $49,900 ML s#6003492

JaW DROPPIng COOL

Ca RIBOu Lake LOT! mature maples, birch and Cedars on hillside building site with the backdrop of ledgerock walls and Ledgerock boulder shoreline, an a rchitect’s dream site, an incredible piece of land and lakeshore!

ML s#6002791 $250,000

shoreline! hilltop building site with cleared path thru cedar forest to Christine Lake, a super wilderness lake great for paddling your days away! ML s#28961 $129,000

400 f T WITH 14 aC On DeVIL TR aCk Lake! What more can we say? Oh yes, there is a nice meandering driveway through mature red pines leading to level access beach shoreline. Quite nice!

ML s#6002721 $375,000

NeW! log CHarM, superior seClusioN Lake Superior charm and seclusion awaits on this private retreat property. With over 28 acres & 866 feet of shore privacy is assured. Two classic North Shore log cabins have historic warmth and attention to detail, with outstanding lake views along the dramatic, unspoiled shoreline. Each cabin sits secluded from the other. Trails, bridges and scenic overlooks make the whole property accessible and it feels like your own state park! It's a rare large property that's so unique on Lake Superior. Main cabin has 2 bedrooms, 1 bath and spectacular views. Guest cabin has a main room and porch. There is much hand-made attention to detail in these historic and classic Aldrich log cabins. Mls#6003618 $1,250,000

oNe oF a kiND l ake superior parCel

This Lake Superior lot has ledge rock, coves, creeks and a spectacular view of the lighthouse in Grand Marais and the Sawtooth Mountains. Only a short walk to the shops and dining in Grand Marais. Septic installed and built to accommodate 5+ bedrooms. End of the road privacy, private bridge over a bubbling creek to access the site. Mls#6003042 $729,000

l ake superior -beaver bay lot. elevated site with slope to lake. Rugged shoreline. Towering white pines, spruce, birch and cedar. Must be seen to be appreciated. Views to offshore island. Great building site. Mls #6002594 $379,000

NeW! l ake superior, aFForDable, FiNisH to taste. This new lake shore home sits on 110 feet of north shore ledge rock with great views. The 2 bedroom, 2 bath home is quality constructed and partially completed inside. It's ready for you to use now and finish to your own taste and time frame. Kitchen, floor coverings, and master suite are waiting for your input. Build sweat-equity while enjoying a usable home, or complete the details before you move in. Mls#6003520 $369,500

trout HaveN

Six lots at Trout Haven at Hare Lake at a package price. Excellent investment opportunity. Lots platted and ready to sell. Great location within 20 minutes of Lutsen/Tofte, and just minutes from many great fishing and camping lakes in the Timber-Frear chain or BWCAW. Power and phone, county road, good home or cabin sites. Mls#6003161 $295,000

De oN looN lake. These lots are located on the

CasCaDe beaCH

CabiN. Spectacular ledge rock Lake Superior parcel on Cascade Beach Road. There are rock out-croppings, a cove and could be improved to year round use. Mls# 6002552 $399,000

CHiCago bay HoMe. Located along coveted Chicago Bay Road, this charming Lake Superior cottage has fresh paint, new carpet and counters. Roomy spaces with large windows for great views of the lake. Plus private shoreline. Mls# 6002611 $174,900

sHareD l ake superior. This spectacular building site has pristine views of the

from a nicely

lot. The site was

and is ready to build your

Water,

electric and broadband are ready for hookup. Only 8 owners share a park-like setting. Secure and private with owners association to share expenses. A garage site included. Mls 6003400 $124,900

cabin, sauna, dock and outhouse. Easy year-round access. Unique opportunity to own a private wilderness compound! Mls #31513 $700,000.

Harriet l ake retreat. Want seclusion? Here is a classic homestead property at the end of a private road. It has 87 acres and 1300 feet of shoreline on a peaceful bay of Harriet Lake. There is no other private land on the bay, and adjoining on two side of this property. It's just you and the Superior National Forest! There are two older cabins that can be swept out and put to use.

Mls# 6003484 $325,000

log CabiN, toWeriNg piNes, West bearskiN l ake.

Totally charming Charlie Boostrom log cabin sits in a forest of towering pines. The cabin has been lovingly maintained. The 2 bedroom cabin is a summer-use place to reflect and escape. Hardwood floors, beamed ceilings and large kitchen. It comes furnished and is ready for you to move in. The BWCAW is just a short paddle. Mls# 6003448 $319,000

guNFliNt l ake CabiN iN piNe

WilsoN lake lot Strikingly beautiful 5.4 acre lot, 355’ of shoreline with great build sites near the lake or tucked around the bluff for gorgeous views. Mls #6002430 $259,500.

MCFarlaND l ake

CabiN Beautiful cedar log cabin on McFarland Lake. Cozy hide-away with sauna building, Log guest cabin, storage building. Great shoreline with new dock. Partially furnished. Large deck, nice cedar trees. Great view of palisade. Mls #6002033 $259,000

owned and operated since 1996

guNFliNt trail-tuCker l ake lot. Have tons of privacy on this 3.68-acre lake lot with over 550 feet of shoreline, plus 237 feet more shore across the private road, in a protected bay. Nice trees, great building site. Pristine views, and direct access to the BWCAW. Mls 6003363 $239,900

guNFliNt l ake, bWCaW, aND borDer vieWs. Nicely elevated lake lots, large white pine, easy access to the rocky, classic wilderness shoreline. Outstanding views of the Canadian shore. Super building sites with driveway in place, and power, phone and Broadband available. Meandering 200 feet of boulder shoreline. Rare chance to own a vacant lot on Mile-O-Pine Road. Two lots available. Mls 6003422, Mls 6003423 $230,000

NortH FoWl lake. Rare opportunity to own a private wilderness escape. 2 BRs, full kitchen, comfortable living room and large deck. Large open yard, sauna, storage shed and dock. Great privacy, 200’ of shoreline, abutting the BWCAW. Water access. Mls #30184 $199,000. Devil traCk lake - lot This Devil Track Lake lot

greeNWooD l ake Lovely, wooded lot on desirable Greenwood Lake. High elevation with spectacular views of the whole lake, bays and islands. This lot is surveyed, has a new driveway and turn around. Mls#6002946 $119,000

lot 8, NiNeMile l ake Enjoy expansive views from this parcel that features a spectacular point with 548' of shoreline. Property features 2.3 acres with ledgerock outcroppings, mixed tree cover, and outstanding views. For added privacy, lot adjoins State of MN lands for undeveloped shoreline as your neighbor to the south. Mls #6003205 $97,900

MiD-trail

soutH FaCiNg

lot In a private development of 11 lots surrounded by US Forest land. Heavy tree coverage of mature of red and white pine and cedar. Minutes from the amenities of the mid Gunflint Trail area. Mls 6003402 $99,000

sister l ake parCel. Nice lake lot with good tree cover, high and level building sites. High point of surrounding area has awesome views. Excellent shoreline with great views of the lake. Partial driveway already in place. The lot is potentially part of a pending plat which allows access to two other lakes by portages: Harriet and Five Dam Lakes. Power is possible. Mls #6003499 $89,600

lot 1, NiNeMile l ake

End of the road, large lot adjoins Superior National Forest and Cabin Creek Unit Roadless area. Great trees, views and building site. Power, year-round round access. Mls #6003203 $89,300

CasCaDe river property.

If you're looking for peace, quiet, and beautiful wilderness views, this could be the location for you. Off the beaten path, yet good access. Good building sites on 25 acres overlooking the beautiful Cascade River.

Mls #6002440 $84,900

trout HaveN.

Six nicely wooded, west-facing lakelots on Hare Lake. Easy county road access. Power available. Beautiful views, nice shoreline, good trout fishing. starting at $82,000.

Flute reeD river property

Very nice property for your homestead or retreat. The river meanders through with a perfect build site. Heavily wooded. Electric at the road. Year round access. Mls#6003200 $45,000

sNoWsHoe ruN lots

Snowshoe run is set along a high ridge overlooking Hare Lake in a mature northern hardwood forests. Year-round plowed and maintained county roads, power at each property and a clear water, trout lake. These beautiful home sites were planned for generations of enjoyment and are protected by covenants. Mls# 6003206 thru 6003212 prices start at $24,900

& Cabi

N

s

sea villa-l ake

superior Walk into this Sea Villa and you'll feel as if you're walking right into Lake Superior it's so close to the water's edge! The entire main floor has been tastefully remodeled inside and out. Over $35,000 worth of improvements make this home stylish, comfortable & inviting while still holding onto the North Shore charm. Successful rental revenue is a big plus, too!! Owners and guests can walk to the pool/sauna building and to the playground. Build a bonfire right on the shoreline on those bold, starry nights. A bright & welcoming open concept style on the main level really lends toward togetherness and relaxation. Picture it now: a fire roaring in the woodstove, the waves crashing, a fantastic dinner cooking in the new kitchen...create meals and memories!! The Gitchee-Gami Bike Trail runs right in front of the Sea Villas and the Lutsen Ski Resort is a mere 5 minutes away. Take advantage of the hiking trails that are all nearby, fish the inland lakes. Mls #6003518 $249,900

paNoraMiC vieWs Unit 11A and 11B at Terrace Point offers buyers an opportunity to enjoy panoramic lake views and Lake Superior experiences. Architectural designs inspired by Frank

Lloyd Wright and John Howe. There are numerous built in furnishings built to a high standard. Mls#6002759 $235,000 and Mls#6002760 $215,000

lake superior

C oND o/toFte. Great lake views from this 2 bedroom + loft unit with 2 baths, fireplace, balcony looking up the shore. Chateau LeVeaux offers many updated amenities, indoor pool, sauna, game room, and on-site manager. Mls #6003522 $100,000.

NeW! Coastal CHarM

This gorgeous lower level unit walks right out to Lake Superior and has been updated and refreshed with quality finishes like cork flooring, rainfall shower head and a cool spa bathroom. Open concept floor plan with a seashore cottage vibe and lovely furnishings.

Queen sofa in living room allows flexibility for overnight guests. For the right price this unit comes fully-furnished, allowing new owners to begin earning rental revenues immediately. Strong rental history; call listing agent for revenue reports. Chateau LeVeaux recently upgraded their common deck and the views are simply phenomenal! Call today for your private showing. Mls #6003574 $81,900

NeW! log CabiN

CHarM This gorgeous lower level unit walks out to Lake Superior and has been updated with topnotch finishes. Open concept floor plan, bamboo flooring, stainless steel appliances, and stunning log cabin walls in the bedroom. Beautifully decorated--for the right price this unit could come fullyfurnished, allowing new owners to begin earning rental revenues immediately. Great consideration has been given to guest's comfort, with whirlpool, cozy fireplace, comfortable living room, and a stunning view! Strong rental history; call listing agent for revenue reports. Chateau LeVeaux recently upgraded their common deck and the views are simply phenomenal! Mls#6003575 $81,900

uNit 11, CHateau leveaux. Priced to sell! This fully-furnished lower level unit walks out to a beautiful view of Lake Superior. Futon in living room allows flex space for extra guests. Guest suites within building available for reduced owner rates which allows even greater privacy. This is a terrific opportunity to own a piece of the big lake. Since it comes furnished, new owners can begin earning revenues immediately, offsetting their cost of ownership. Mls# 6003472 $59,500

and

3-car garage. 3100 sq ft. shop/office/apt. perfect for cottage "industry" or other creative use. More land available. Mls# 6002767 $599,000

log HoMe privaCy - Flute reeD river. Tucked away on 10 heavily wooded acres is your dream log home and hide-a-way. This home has all the warmth and charm of a northwoods lodge, with one level living, open great room, sunroom, and lots of windows that bring the beautiful forest and light inside. There is a charming studio cabin for your hobbies or for guests, a large 2-car detached garage with attached living space, and a 24 X 30 pole building. Lovingly built by the seller, you'll notice the quality, care and custom details. Mls# 6003351 $336,500

NeW! beautiFul

graND Marais

Duplex Stately family home in Grand Marais, with large rental income unit. Total of 5-bedrooms, 3-baths, and 2 two-car garages on an extra-large corner lot with city services. Upper level is beautiful and spacious, and includes 3 beds, 2 baths, lovely finishes and tons of storage. Lower level unit has 2 beds, 1 bath, separate entrance and laundry, and attached garage. Large landscaped yard with potting shed and detached, insulated garage. Lovely neighborhood within walking distance of harbor area restaurants and shops, in America's "coolest" small town. Terrific family home - call for your showing today! Mls# 6003600 $324,900

NeW! l arge HoMe - great vieWs. This recently remodeled home has it all. It’s conveniently located in town with incredible views Lake Superior, within easy walking distance of grocery stores, shops and restaurants. The home features 4 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms with a great layout that offers privacy, separation, and tons of storage space. The master bedroom includes a custom whirlpool tub, skylight, large changing room, and a separate covered porch overlooking the harbor of Grand Marais. The kitchen has been totally redone with high-end appliances and lots of storage space. The family room features a gas fireplace with lots of room to relax. The living room is complete with surround sound and a built in entertainment center and flat screen TV. Outside you will find a private patio area, heated drive-through garage, gardens, flowerbeds and custom landscaping. Mls#6003563 $247,000

storage, built ins, and garage space, even a heated studio! Mls #6002460 $242,500

C ouNty roaD 60 - graND Marais. Earth home with over 5 acres and a creek. South exposure with stone hearth and charming details. 4 BR, 3 BA with a 2-car detached garage. Updated and remodeled with many custom features. This home is designed for the person who wants to live the rural, energy-efficient lifestyle. Mls #6001812. priCe reDuCtioN! $219,000

CouNtry liviNg. Enjoy peace and calm with true country living. Charming rambler nestled in 26 acres of meadow and woods. Plenty of

beautiFul lutseN

HoMe. 3- BR country home in Lutsen on 3.67 acres. Light filled living and dining rooms. Eat-in kitchen. 1 3/4 baths. Full basement. Sauna. New septic system. Double detached garage. Owner /agent. Mls #6002162 priCe reDuCtioN! $209,000

NeW! suNNy DispositioN Country home on 10 acres in Hovland area. Bright and sunny living room, with beamed cathedral ceilings, open floor plan, new flooring, updated kitchen with new appliances. Master bedroom with bath, 2 lower level bedrooms with family room. Large open and private yard. Large 2-car garage with workshop. Super location for it's rural privacy, yet it's a short drive to access Highway 61. Mls#6003557 $208,900

CouNtry liviNg

oN 2 aCres. Minutes to Grand Marais. Well built and well maintained rambler. 3 bedrooms, One level living with 3 bedrooms, 1 bath, and a full basement for future expansion.New steel siding, exterior doors and gutters. Very nice deck off the living room. 30 x 40 detached garage for all your storage needs. Mls 6003401 $195,000

great toFte loCatioN. Quality built one-level home has 2 bedrooms, 2 baths, fireplace, full basement and attached heated garage. New tile and carpet flooring. Nice deck off the dining room with a large private back yard. Huge spruce trees give lots of privacy. Commercial zoning if you want to run your business here. Mls# 6003116 $179,900

seCluDeD retreatCaMp 15 loop. This 2 bdr, home sits on 77 acres and features all the creature comforts with solar power and shower house, There’s a large 2-car garage with workshop plus 2 guest cabins that provide plenty of space for the whole family or group. Trails, solitude and wilderness – a perfect place to live remotely or as base-camp for your adventures. Mls# 6001657 $174,900.

log CabiN - roiliNg river . This log home sits on the scenic Flute Reed River in Hovland, just a short walk to Lake Superior's shore. The seasonal cabin has a great screen porch, modern kitchen and comes furnished with cabin-style furnishings and sportsman's décor. +/400' of dramatic river frontage. You can't beat the sound of a North Shore river! Mls #6003153 $140,000.

NeW! tuCkeD aWay

seClusioN This well built, one story, one room cabin is tucked away on 40 acres, and just a stones throw from Magney State Park. There's a small creek with some beaver ponds; Some views of Lake Superior; Good seasonal road access. The cabin features a solar electric system, warm wood paneling, wood stove, full kitchen-bedroom-living areas with open floor plan. And, a large deck with extension. It's a comfortable, well-built cabin waiting for your weekend adventures. Just a short walk to the park, Brule River and Lake Superior's shore. More land available - MLS6003581. Mls#6003580 $127,900

HoMes & CabiNs

sites

sale peNDiNg

CabiN - irisH Creek roaD. Beautiful recreation, hunting, nicely forested land that hasn't been logged since early 1900. Seller is a musher and has trails throughout property and old logging roads on adjoining state lands. Mls#6002992 $67,500

CoMMerCial properties

NeW! tHe guNFliNt Motel iN graND Marais is a long-established business located just a block from the harbor and downtown shops and restaurants. There are 5 large motel units with kitchens, plus a full lower apartment in the motel structure. All are in great shape. There is also a 4 bedroom, 2 bath owner's home that has had many recent updates and enhancements. It features views of the harbor and provides a comfortable and private residence. This home and business are a great situation for a couple wanting to supplement their income and enjoy living in beautiful Grand Marais. Mls 6003528 $419,000

store aND CabiNs – big opportuNity.

Prime commercial location in Hovland with 1,000 feet of Highway 61 frontage. Large commercial space now operating as a gift shop, small 2 bedroom home and 1 functioning rental cottage. Two other small cabins could be rented, and there is room for many more.. Mls #6003052 $299,900

CeDar grove busiNess park lots. Cedar Grove Business Park is the ideal location for your existing business or new start-up! Conveniently located in Grand Marais, near the start of the iconic Gunflint Trail. Full infrastructure in place including paved streets, municipal sewer and water, electric and telephone. Call us today for a guided tour of this unique and affordable business park opportunity.

CoMMerCial lots iN lutseN. Two commercial-zoned lots fronting Hwy. 61 in Lutsen across from Lockport Store. Great visibility, nice forest, lake view. Third lot to north is zoned residential. Bring your business idea! Mls# 6003506 $179,000

stuNNiNg river - piNCusHioN trails. A unique opportunity for skiers and hikers. Trail easement runs through the property. The RC zoning allows for a resort/lodging type business. Mls #6003390 $85,900.

NeW priCe! 40 aCres - MoNs Creek FroNtage. easy road access. Good building sites. Mature trees. Deeded access to Lost Lake. Mls #6002120 $74,900

NeW priCe! 40 aC – lost lake retreats. Mons Creek flowage with great views and tons of wildlife. Private and secluded location. Includes deeded access to private lake. Mls #6002121 $74,900. NeW priCe! WooDs, Water & seClusioN. Nice ‘40’ with good timber and 1000’ frontage on Mons Creek. Great building site. Private deeded access to Lost Lake. Mls #6002119 $64,900.

graND Marais - City lot oN Creek. Wooded lot with City services: water, sewer and electric at site. Nice south exposure and frontage on scenic Cedar Creek. Quiet street. Mls #6001830 $63,900

l aND oN tHe Flute reeD river Enjoy privacy and seclusion in a deep 13 acre parcel with over 300 feet of trout stream. County road with power, phone and broadband available. Good sites to build your home or cabin in the woods. Mls#6002960 $49,900

Caribou l ake - HoMe site. New price is well below tax assessed value, and seller is

to offers. Magnificent, old-growth cedar and

frame a corner lot with a

high build site on Sawmill Bay.185' of

frontage. Mls# 6002756 $98,000 Maples, vieWs, privaCy. 85+ acres near Hovland. Good

of road

adjoining tons of federal land., great view of pond. South

and

Mls#6003156 $99,900 aCreage overlookiNg guNFliNt l ake. Privacy near the BWCAW with 27 acres and outstanding views of Gunflint Lake and the Canadian shore. Fronting the Mile-O-Pine Road with power, phone and Broadband available. Subdivision potential. Mls 6003421 $95,000 Devil traCk area parCel. Very nice 10 acre lot with direct access to South Shore Dr. Driveway to a cleared area that could be used as a building site. Slightly rolling terrain with moderately heavy growth that includes every type of Boreal Forest tree! Mls#6003184 $89,000

5 aCres - Walk to lake. Deep wooded home site –just steps from Devil Track Lake, and DNR access. Enjoy the lake without the high taxes! Mls #6002697 $72,500.

Maple Hill - HoMe site. Heavily wooded parcel with great privacy, county rd frontage, power and phone. Super location for your home or vacation retreat. Walk to golf course, easy access to Gunflint Trail or Devil Track area. Mls# 6002601 $70,500

tHirty aCres - paNoraMiC vieWs. Here is one of those rare mountain tops with a 180 degree view of distant Lake Superior and the ridge to the north. It's spectacular! Trails are in place to walk the whole perimeter. There is a cleared easement in place to get to the property. Mls# 6003353 $68,900

10 aCres - graND Marais. Great piece of property located minutes from Grand Marais, on Pike Lake Rd. Seasonal view of Lake Superior. Many nice build sites. Mls #6001078 $64,900

HoMe site - C ouNty roaD 6. Beautiful 5-ac lot just minutes from town. Meadow. Shed and pond. Driveway in. Power/ phone. Mls #6003084 $59,900.

Forty aCre paraDise. Mixed topography of beautiful rolling land with many great build sites. Old growth cedar, spruce, pine and birch. Mons Creek meanders through the property border where it abuts State land. Mls #6003078 $50,250

WoNDerFul vieWs oF lake superior!

3 lots available; wooded and private. Minutes to ski hill, Superior National, Lutsen shops and Oberg Mt. Surveyed, year round access. Mls #6002918, 6002919,06002920 lots start at $52,000. NeW! builD your reMote HoMe or hide-away on this wooded 20 acres with nice building sites, some lake views and a small creek. It's a short walk to Magney State Park, Brule River or to Lake Superior. Adjoins listing #6003580 with small cabin on 40 acres. Mls #6003581 $42,000 reCreatioNal parCel iN HovlaND. 43+ acres close to the public landing on Tom Lake. Survey complete; may subdivide into two 20+ acre parcels. Road plowed year round in special taxing district. Owner/Agent. Mls #6001471 $37,500 oFF tHe beateN patH. Can't beat this property for remoteness. If it's seclusion you seek, this wilderness 19-acre recreational property is for you. Surrounded by State & USFS lands. Hike in access from Devil Fish Lake. Mls#6002961 $37,000. NeW! reMote privaCy If remote is what you're looking for, look no further. Forty beautiful acres abutted by thousands of acres of Federal land. Nearby fishing lakes include Esther, Chester, McFarland & Greenwood. Prime hunting land. Road is a bit rough, but worth the effort in your high clearance vehicle. This is exactly what keeps it remote! Adjoining property is currently listed (MLS# 6001657). Buy it all and assure maximum privacy. Mls #6003593 $26,500

HoMes & CabiNs

l aND/builDiNg

Bloomquist Mtn. Road 5.8A - $44,900 10 miles east of Grand Marais with power at the property, driveway, and several building sites partially cleared! MLS 6001709

Silver Fox Rd - $69,900 5+ acres, located east of town, easy year round access, and utilities are all available. Very peaceful & quiet lot, perfect setting for building your dream home. MLS 6002966

County Rd 67 - $69,900 4.16A with Lake Superior so close you can see the waves rolling in to the state-owned shoreline, meaning you’ll have walking access to the lake!

Rd - $49,900 25A close to Tom Lake. Enjoy the lake without the high lakeshore taxes. MLS 6002625

115+A Arrowhead Trail - $84,900 Excellent property priced right. Electric and phone at street. Private access from Co Rd 69. MLS 6002839

Forest Rd 304 - $164,900 80A of maples, spruce and balsam, Durfee Creek and beaver ponds. Bordered on two sides by public lands. MLS 6003013

Large Acreage

Lake Superior View

Hwy

overlooks a delightful pond that is a magnet for deer, moose and other wildlife.

MLS 6002565 $129,900

Land

Gunflint Trail 6A, great location right off of the Gunflint Trail, close to town AND the golf course. Utilities are readily available. Healthy mix of trees.

MLS 6001301 $39,900

Wood Mountain Rd This affordably priced 8+ acre lot abuts Federal Land, is surveyed & septic sites are identified. Located off Taylor Land & is close to town.

MLS 6002424 $47,900

Squint Lake 5A surrounded on 2 sides by government land. Convenient mid-trail location with easy access to many recreational activities.

MLS 6003242 $69,900

County Rd 14

Nicely wooded 20A parcel consisting of two lots! Year round access with electricity and telephone readily available.

MLS 6002375 $74,900

10A with year round access, electricity and phone. Abuts Federal land and provides access to an incredible amount of Gov’t land. MLS 6002376 $44,900

116 Overlook Dr

3.33A with Lake Superior view, privacy, and is user friendly for building. Located at the end of Overlook Trail in Tofte, utilities available & year round access.

MLS 6003380 $59,900

Silver Fox Rd 5A of northwoods privacy with all modern conveniences about 8 minutes from town. Gently rolling with some very attractive building sites. Abuts government land.

MLS 6002967 $49,900

Broadway Ave Commercially zoned lot in downtown Grand Marais. Next to The Beaver House. MLS 6002316 $99,000

Inland Lake Homes

Devil Track Lake Year round quaint and quiet home on 2.2A with 100’shore. Many upgrades a nd improvements, large deck and newer windows. Includes easy roll in/roll out dock.

MLS 6003635 $199,900 NEW

McFarland Lake

250’ shore with great sand beach, gentle drop off for the kids. 1.52A protected from weather and a large deck. Much potential here, just needs some elbow grease!

MLS 6002626 $274,900

Nicely

Inland Lake Lots

Leo Lake

169’ shore, on 3.70A, mid trail location, with public access to other lakes nearby.

MLS 6002665 $134,500

Squint Lake

Nicely wooded 2+A, excellent mid - Trail location with over 212’ of shore. Directly abuts USFS for added privacy.

Birch Lake

Heavily wooded 1.54A, 150’ of frontage on great trout lake. Direct, year round access off the Gunflint Trail. MLS 6002478 $149,900

Kemo Lake

One of only 4 lots on south shore. Private 2.34A with 200’ frontage on excellent trout lake!

MLS 6002735 $159,900

Poplar Lake

Convenient mid-trail location with deeded lakeshore access to Poplar Lake. Building site cleared, driveway is in and all utilities available.

MLS 6002116 $52,500

.94A with 291’ of shore. Healthy mix of huge White Pines, Cedars & Balsams; feels like your own private park. Cleared building site, electricity, phone & broadband is available.

MLS 6003028 $169,900

MLS 6002593 $94,500

Sag Lake

1.1A and 191’ frontage on Sag. Year round access, electric & phone. Direct access to BWCAW.

MLS 6002374 $69,900

Spectacular views, 611’ of shore, and 7.5A with year round road with direct access to BWCAW!

MLS 6002373 $169,900

Tom Lake Year round, 1.10A, 171’ shore, nicely wooded, driveway and cleared building site.

MLS 6003350 $54,900 34A, 600’ shore, nicely wooded with maples, pine, cedars and incredible views.

MLS 6002412 $149,900

1.81A of stunning views with great building sites and 298’ shore.

MLS 6002257 $57,900

MALCOLM CLARK, Broker

6 LAKE SUPERIOR ISLANDS

2 to 95 acres.

Starting at $90,000 USD

PIE ISLAND

UPPER SCOTCH LAKE

New Levels of Service

640 Beverly Street, Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7B 0B5 Canada

Phone (807) 344-3232

FAX: (807) 344-5400

Toll Free 1-888-837-6926

Cell: 807-473-7105

mclark@avistarealty.ca www.avistarealty.ca

2 well built log homes. Each with log sauna buildings, sand beaches, sheltered mooring area, more building sites and southern views of Scotch Lake. Surrounded by crown land and largest of only a few private parcels on this huge lake. Very secluded and private. Great fishing/hunting retreat. $990,000 USD

2 miles of beach front on Lake

Superior facing south. Also a 1/2 mile of frontage on Perch Lake. Escarpments, hiking trails, great Lake Superior fishing and boating. Ideal for resort development or your own private getaway. 358 acres. All amenities nearby.

$985,000 USD

STUART LOCATION

NICOL ISLAND ROSSPORT

Tremendous Lake Superior building sites. Lakefront and interior lots for sale with docking facilities. Causeway opened year round. Power and phone. Starting at $55,000 CDN

Huge developable escarpments with tremendous, breathtaking views of Lake Superior, islands and Isle Royal Michigan. Property includes frontage on 2 inland lakes, CrystalLake, 1 mile frontage and Lake Lenore - 2.5 miles of frontage. Over 6,000 acres. Road system throughout the property. A great variety of animal and pland life. A tremendous investment opportunity. $3,500,000 USD

LAKE SUPERIOR LOTS

Little Trout Bay, 20 minutes north of the Minnesota/Ontario border, 3 large estate-sized lots, very sheltered with southern exposure. Tremendous views. Power and telephone available. Priced beginning at $199,000 USD

LOT 18 KAM RIVER

Almost 400 feet on the north side of the Kam River with southern exposure. total of 12.36 acres - all high ground. $248,000 CDN

HARRY LAKE LODGE

The ultimate fly-in fishing resort. Totally outfitted with all the modern conveniences. 80 miles north of Thunder Bay. Incredible fishing! Main lodge, beach house with sauna and hot tub. Diesel generator, fish cleaning house, boats, motors. Harry Lake is a very large lake with no road access and Harry Lake resort is the only improvement. $295,000 CDN

NORTHERN

LIGHTS LAKE ISLAND

Exceptional log home on over 2 acres with over 500 ft of shoreline. Cathedral ceilings, beautiful stone fireplace, guest camp, boathouse, large deck and more. Great views! $239,000 CDN

• Two lots with Lake

views • Located in a planned community

Between Lutsen Ski Area and downtown Lutsen • Price includes community water and sewer systems • Power/phone at the street • $42,000 • Potential for owner financing

The Bluefin Bay Family of Resorts is unmatched in its intimate proximity to Lake Superior. We offer three distinct ownership opportunities to achieve what you’ve been dreaming of for years.

• Bluefin Bay on Lake Superior: Award-winning property, Minnesota’s Favorite Resort. One, two and three bedroom condos & townhomes on Lake Superior with access to restaurants, pools, saunas, tennis court, gift shops, & full service spa.

• Surfside on Lake Superior: New, spacious luxury townhomes on Lake Superior. Home to Waves of Superior Spa & Café. Offering shared ownership opportunities.

• Temperance Landing on Lake Superior: Distinctive log home luxury on ledgerock and cobblestone beach near Temperance River. 3 BR, 3BA custom log homes with access to resort amenities at Surfside.

Eric Frost

Sales Agent, Bluefin Bay Family of Resorts

Let Eric, exclusive sales agent for Bluefin Bay Family of Resorts, provide the details about each property and guide you through the process. Contact him today to learn more.

Bluefin Bay Condos & Townhomes

Surfside on Lake Superior

CATCHLIGHT CATCHLIGHT

Red Fox

I was enjoying some time along Lake Superior just before sunset, with this stretch of beach to myself (or so I thought), when I turned to find this fox standing there checking me out. She looked healthy and confident, her magnificent coat shining in the light of the golden hour. She stayed nearby for several moments and then moved on, traversing up the wintry shore, receding from my view as the light faded.—Mary Amerman