Collective Dwelling.
AR5410
Nafeesa Ayorinde
Site Analysis.
The rich history of Canterbury.
The remains of the Norman Canterbury Castle Keep lie adjacent to the site in the northwest direction. The castle was one of the three original Royal castles of Kent and was built very soon after the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
The Dane John Gardens lie southeast to the site and date back to 1551. The mound that was present since the first century AD overlooks the site.
The Canterbury City walls holds the site within the boundaries of the ancient city and were built between 270 – 280 AD by the Romans.
Orthographics of existing buildings.
Site Perspectives.
Area
Action Plan. Age Demographics.
Topography and Wind Rose.
Sketch of Castle Keep.
Sketch of Dane John Gardens.
Castle Row Elevation.
Section BB.
Section AA.
Sketch of Silver Birch Tree.
Sketch of Car Park.
Castle Street Elevation (A).
Precedent Studies.
‘Embracingtheoldandthenew’
Built forms in Canterbury over the years.
The 1588 plan depicts the sense of fluidity and curvature within the Canterbury streets with contrasting complex densities. The forms of the buildings work in cohesion with the River Stour mirroring its shape in a ‘ripple-like’ effect. As time progesses, we can see a more structural and linear arrangement of the streets as the density of buildings increase to accomodate the growing population. The routes of circulation become more clear in the 1754 plan, in addition to a sense of zoning becoming more apparent.
The carved doors found at Christchurch gate in Canterbury Cathedral are constructed from solid oak and were created in 1960. They are completed with iron fixing pins, and the carved arches create a grand mood to the gates which enter into the famous cathedral.
The Westgate Towers have a cylindrical form and are around 18m tall. Originally constructed from kentish ragstone in 1379, it has a strong sense of place being the oldest surviving city gate in England.
Dujardin Mews, Karakusevic Carson Architects.
Located in the London Borough of Enfield, Dujardin Mews is a multi-generational housing redevelopment that was completed in 2017. It relinks pedestrian access of the north and south allowing a sense of community within the residency.
The linear pattern of dwellings with constrasting densities and forms within the two streets gives the development character. The mono-pitched roofs of the three-story townhouses introduce a dynamic street profile; the varying heights of the dwelling also add to this.
The apartment blocks lie on the end of each of the streets creating a sense of enclosure. The interiors of the homes bear tall ceilings and are spacious and adaptable.
Sketch of Canterbury Plan, 1588. Sketch of Canterbury Plan, 1754
Sketch showing southern end of the street. Sketch of Dwelling Plan of Family Home.
Castle Street
(B).
Sketch of Street Model.
Elevation
Sketch of Christchurch Gates and Westgate Towers.
Precedent Studies.
‘Embracingtheoldandthenew’
‘Nine Dragon’ Housing Complex, YKH_LAB.
Located in Korea, the residential complex embraces the use of multiple courtyards and a linear row housing typology. The facade design focuses on a ‘scale effect’ by offsetting the balconies which creates a dynamic and fluid design.
Chantry Hall, Miles & Barr.
The Chantry Hall Apartments are situated in Canterbury within the Dane John Gardens. The two bedroom apartments have a Georgian architectural style and feature a white stucco exterior. The homes are enclosed by the green landscape of the gardens which plays a key part in making the home feel fresh and natural.
The White House, Charles Evelyn Simmons.
Built in 1935 and situated in Hendon, England, The White House is an embodiment of the art deco style that became popular during the 1920s/30s. Its brick material has been rendered white giving a concrete-like effect, in addition to its linear form with smoothed edges giving a fluid appearence. The series of step backs along the front facade help to create a dynamic and stepped profile.
De La Warr Pavillion, Erich Mendelsohn and Serge Chermayeff.
Located in Sussex, England, the De La Warr Pavillion embraces features of mid-century European architecture, being constructed in 1935. The use of a concrete and welded steel-framed construction embodies the sense of a strong and sturdy building with it being used for the military during World War II. The large use of glazing and its white exterior creates a sleek and modern design alongside the curved wall facade. The cantilevered balconies allow an integration of indoor/outdoor spaces.
Gravitational Ripples, Lea Porsager.
Located in Stockholm, Sweden, GravitationalRipples draws in on the theory of gravitational waves. Being a memorial piece for the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the earthwork has a strong sense of time and will forever change and grow with the seasons. The double spiral design draws to a central point, with a network of walkways being intergrated into the landscape allowing the public to follow their own path.
The artist hoped that her design would become a meditative space which is seemingly apparent by the earthwork’s calming nature.With life being forever changed after the pandemic, the way we interact with open spaces has become equally as important as its indoor counterparts.
Sketch of Facade Design.
Sketch of Curved Facade.
Elevation of Pavillion.
Sketch of Curved Facade.
Apartment Floor Plan.
Concept Development & Schedule of Accomodation.
Urban Mapping Initial Ideas. Schedule of Acommodation. Building Type. No. of Units. No. of Bedrooms. Unit Size. (m2) Exterior Private Space (m2) Disabled Access. Detached (Family Home) 1 3 220 22 limited Detached 2 2 70 12 limited Terraced 8 1 56 22 limited Apartment 12 1 60 0 P Apartment 5 2 - - P Apartment 9 3 160 0 P Total 35
Concept Development of Dwelling
Site plan showing a ‘ripple-like’ form. 1:500 site plan model showing landscape and circulation development. Type 1: Semi-Detatched. Type 2: Apartment. Type 3: Detatched.
Linear approach creating multiple courtyards. Initial
Forms.
Masterplan. 1:500
Ground Floor Plan.
Building Typology: Terraced House.
Analysis.
The terraced houses in my scheme follow the architectural style of art deco much like the other typologies I designed. The ground floor’s open plan nature gives the residents flexibility and space to move around. The main living room is combined with the kitchen creating a space for the residents to entertain guests. The large windows look upon the refreshing views of the courtyard with a backdoor giving access to this. The first floor features two bedrooms with a bathroom placed in between. Large glass bifold doors open to a private roof terrace giving the homes an external space to relax. The houses are catered towards new families, or young adults who are keen to host and entertain.
Front Elevation (3 Blocks).
Floor Plans. Section CC.
Building Typology: Terraced House.
Material Analysis.
Back Elevation (3 Blocks).
Interior Axonometric.
Lime Stucco. Zinc Panels. Tempered Glass. Hardwood Timber. Ceramic Brick.
Building Typology: 3 Bedroom House.
Analysis.
This house is catered towards families and is the largest two-story typology I have designed. The kitchen-diner is featured at the back of the home overlooking the courtyard; similar to the terraced houses. It it catered to be used as an entertaining space with a private garden situated adjacent to it. On the first floor, three bedrooms are placed in circulation around the mezzanine space which holds a small study area. Two of the bedrooms share a bathroom with the master bedroom having its own ensuite; each room also overlooks the courtyard area.
Interior Axonometric. Concept of Lighting.
Floor Plans.
Street view of terraced block.
Reminiscent of the lighting used throughout the night in Westgate Towers, the roofs will feature outdoor spotlights in the overhang illuminating the whole complex, whilst also working in cohesion with the floodlights incorporated into the landscape.
Building Typology: Apartments.
1 Bedroom Apartment. 3 Bedroom Apartment.
Interior Axonometric.
Overlooking The Site.
Axonometric Drawing Showing The Site in Context.
Approaching The Site.
Entrance Perspectives.
Castle Street Elevation.
Castle Row Elevation.
View of archway entrance on Castle Street.
View between apartments and terraced houses entering the site.
Within The Site.
Landscape Perspectives.
Section DD
View of terraced houses.
Section Through the Site.
View through rippled landscape with community space.
Within The Site.
Landscape Perspectives.
Construction Detail.
Section EE.
Material Thickness (m) Conductivity (W/mK Resistance (m 2 K/W) Timber Battens 0.100 0.0290 3.45 Polystyrene Insulation 0.150 0.040 3.75 Breather Membrane 0.0006 -Vapour Barrier 0.0123 0.330 0.0373 Gypsum Panel 0.0125 0.170 0.0706 Internal Surface 0.0100 0.710 0.0141 Precast Concrete Cladding 0.15 2.000 0.0750 Total 7.397 U-Value=1/Total Resistance Maximum U-Value for insulated walls = 0.15 W/m K U-Value = 1/7.397 = 0.135 W/m 2 K Material Thickness (m) Conductivity W/mK Resistance (m 2 K/W) Zinc Roof Sheeting 0.0007Polystyrene Insulation 0.28 0.040 7.00 Breather Membrane 0.0006 -Internal Surface 0.0100 0.710 0.0141 Gypsum Panel 0.0125 0.170 0.0706 Vapour Barrier (Polyethylene) 0.0123 0.330 0.0373 Timber Battens 0.100 0.0290 3.45 Vegetation layer 0.15 -Total 10.572 U-Value=1/Total Resistance Maximum U-Value for roofs = 0.10 W/m K U-Value = 1/10.572 = 0.095 W/m 2 K Wall U-Value Table. Roof U-Value Table.
View within courtyard showing the apartment block.
Castle Row Section.
Environment and Sustainability.
Ventilation and Insulation.
The green sedum roof has a longevity of around 40-50 years giving my design its sustainable aspect. The green roof provides the homes with increased insulation whilst also being a natural drainage system, counteracting problems such as lack of drainage that occurs with flat roofs.
The green roof will be partnered with photovoltaic panels which will reduce energy costs and offer a clean and green energy source for the residents.
This Passivehaus apporach to the construction of the homes will create a comfortable and sustainable living environment for the residents, in addition to significantly reducing its ecological footprint.
Designing a Sustainable and Efficient Complex.
Green Roof Analysis.