Clerkship Guide 2025

Clerkship Guide 2025 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY LAW SOCIETY

Special thanks to DIAMOND

PLATINUM

GOLD

SILVER

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Acknowledgements

Macquarie University Law Society acknowledges the traditional custodians of the Macquarie University Land, the Wattamattagal clan of the Darug Nation, whose cultures and customs have nurtured, and continue to nurture, this land, since the Dreamtime. We pay our respects to Elders past, present and emerging.

Designer Emilia Price Vice-President (Publications) Emilia Price Vice-President (Careers Engagement) Jordan Lau President Rachel Duong Editor Kaylen La Brooy 3

Table of Contents Welcome to the Clerkship Guide

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Clerkship Essentials Clerkship 101

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Timelines

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Sample Practice Areas

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Wellbeing

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The Application Process Written Applications

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Online Applications

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In-Person and Video Interviews In-Person Interviews

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Video Interviews

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Cocktail Evenings and Networking Cocktail Evenings

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Networking

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Accepting Offers Multiple Offers Etiquette

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Dealing with Rejection

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Meet the Clerkship Firms

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WELCOME TO THE CLERKSHIP GUIDE Hello, and welcome to the MULS’ Clerkship Guide for 2025! My name is Emilia Price, and I am the VicePresident of Publications at MULS this year. My role this year involves researching, collating and writing the information you see in the Guides - including this one! As you will discover in this guide, a Clerkship is a structured internship for penultimate and final year law students. It allows students to rotate through different practice groups throughout a 8-12 week period, exposing them to developmental opportunities in both their professional and personal lives. However, the clerkship process doesn’t just start with submitting your resume and cover letter – often it is the accumulation of months (or even years) of dedication and preparation. The Clerkship Guide has been developed to assist students in navigating this complex process. Within these pages, you will find information on what law firms are seeking in candidates, the key timelines, tips on differentiating and improving your application, and guidance as to deciding what firms will suit your needs best.

Reflecting on my own experience at the beginning of law school, I had very limited knowledge of what a clerkship was. Having been interested primarily in the criminal law sphere during high school and my early years at university, I was quite naive to the complexities involved in the Clerkship process. Reading the Clerkship Guide was a game-changer, and gave me a holistic sense of the work needed to earn a Clerkship. My only regret was not reading it sooner! Whether you are well-versed in the Clerkship process or are approaching it for the first time, I hope this Guide proves to be equally informative and valuable.

I would also like to acknowledge and thank the Careers Engagement Portfolio and my editor Kaylen for contributing to the formation of this Guide.

Good luck!

Emilia Price

Vice-President (Publications)

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WELCOME TO THE CLERKSHIP GUIDE It is my pleasure to welcome you to MULS’s Clerkship Guide for 2025! My name is Jordan Lau and I am the Vice-President for Career Engagement at MULS. The Clerkship Guide is a resource that MULS releases annually to both introduce students to, and guide them through, the intricacies of the clerkship process. Inside this guide you will find a range of key dates, interview tips and networking advice aimed at enhancing students’ employability and familiarity with a corporate setting. Careers, and clerkship events specifically, are about engagement. Ensure that you are putting your best foot forward to attend clerkship presentations, network with lawyers and firm representatives and follow up on key questions you may have about the profession and the opportunities available at clerkship firms.

A clerkship position can be a gateway to engaging with complex commercial matters and to gain exposure to the wide range of practice groups and sectors of the law which are offered at our leading Australian and International law firms.

This guide would not have been possible without the continuous support of our sponsor firms, who contribute year-on-year to maintaining enriching relationships with Macquarie University and its law student cohort.

More information about the opportunities available with our sponsors may be found at the back of this guide.

I would like to also extend a huge thanks to our Publications team, who have worked diligently to bring this Guide to life.

Wishing you all the best for this year's clerkship season!

Jordan Lau

Vice-President (Careers Engagement)

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WELCOME TO THE CLERKSHIP GUIDE My name is Rachel Duong and I am honoured to serve as the President of the Macquarie University Law Society for 2025. I am excited to share this year’s Clerkship Guide with you and my hope is that it serves as a pocketbook you can turn to for advice and inspiration as you navigate the clerkship process.

I completed a clerkship over the 2024/2025 summer, and it was an invaluable way to start my career in commercial law. The most rewarding parts were gaining exposure to work in practice areas that I have always wanted to pursue and experiencing the firm’s culture. One of the most memorable aspects was the bond I formed with my cohort of clerks, as we shared and enjoyed the journey together.

The clerkship process is an exciting time for reflection and an opportunity to think about your achievements, aspirations and goals. I also recognise that it can be a period of immense pressure, so releasing this guide is our way of supporting you through the process. Inside, you will find practical tips for your application and interviews, as well as contributions from firms to help you better understand what your career could look like.

I would like to extend my thanks to our Publications team for creating this essential guide, and to our Career Engagement team for connecting our students with leading commercial firms.

On behalf of the Macquarie University Law Society, I would like to thank our sponsors for their ongoing support of our students at this pivotal point in their careers.

Enjoy the Clerkship Guide, and I wish you the best with your applications.

Rachel Duong President

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WELCOME TO THE CLERKSHIP GUIDE Welcome! I am Kaylen La Brooy, and as the Executive Officer (Editor) of the MULS Publications Portfolio, I am fortunate to help oversee, write and edit the various publications by the Macquarie University Law Society, including the 2025 Clerkship Guide, which is produced by our society to support your developing journey into the legal profession.

Clerkship programs are popular for penultimate students seeking to engage with the legal profession, particularly in private practice. The programs provide a practical outlet for students to gain exposure to tools, training and guidance that will bolster their development as budding graduates. These opportunities allow students to build their professional network and interact with a range of colleagues possessing unique skills and firsthand insight into a firm and its operations. The formal training and evaluation within these Clerkships have become valuable sources of learning for graduates entering the profession.

For those applying this year – best of luck! While the process may appear daunting, I encourage you to have faith in your potential and ability to give every opportunity a good attempt.

Throughout the process, take time to reflect on your strengths, and be proud of your achievements thus far. Regardless, the outcome of an application will not define your career. The legal profession is expansive, and a Clerkship program is no prerequisite to working in private practice. Many graduates in the past have built successful and fulfilling careers through other routes. Thus, every journey into the legal profession will be unique, which is particularly valuable because an abundance of opportunity awaits you.

I wish you all the best!

Kaylen La Brooy Executive Officer (Editor)

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Clerkship Essentials Clerkships 101 Timelines Practice Areas Wellbeing

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CLERKSHIPS 101

WHAT IS A CLERKSHIP? A clerkship is a paid employment program at a commercial law firm for penultimate and final year law students. Clerkships usually are a 8-12 week program in the summer holidays, but there are smaller winter clerkship opportunities available too. A clerkship provides students with the opportunity to experience working in a commercial law firm and to expand their personal and professional skills. Clerkship programs are offered by most top and mid-tier firms.

WHY SHOULD I APPLY FOR A CLERKSHIP While securing a role in a commercial law firm without a clerkship is possible, clerkships are a reliable pathway to graduate positions and other future career opportunities.

Clerkships consist of 2-3 rotations around different practice areas within the firm. This structure allows students to have a comprehensive understanding of what services the firm offer. Additionally, it allows students to make a more informed decision as to which specific area they would like to practice as a graduate and once admitted.

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WHERE CAN I DO A CLERKSHIP? Most top and mid-tier law firms offer seasonal (winter and summer) clerkship programs.

These firms include, but are not limited to: The ‘Big 6’ firms in Australia: Allens, King & Wood Mallesons, Herbert Smith Freehils, Clayton Utz, Ashurst, and Minter Ellison.

Other national firms such as HWL Ebsworth, Johnson Winter & Slattery, and Maddocks.

International firms such as Allen & Overy, Baker McKenzie, Clyde & Co, Clifford Chance, and Norton Rose Fulbright.

WHO IS ELIGIBLE TO APPLY? Generally, students in their penultimate year are eligible to apply for clerkships.

However, some firms may allow students in their final year to apply, so it is important to thoroughly read each individual firm’s selection criteria.

KEY DATES

JUNE

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APPLICATIONS FOR CLERKSHIPS OPEN AT 9AM

JULY

6-13

APPLICATIONS FOR CLERKSHIPS CLOSE

SEPTEMBER

10

OFFERS FOR CLERKSHIPS MADE AT 9AM

SEPTEMBER

OFFERS FOR CLERKSHIPS MUST BE ACCEPTED OR DENIED BY 1PM

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TIMELINES THE APPLICATION

FIRST ROUND INTERVIEWS If your application is well-received, a firm will invite you to attend a first round interview.

OFFERS

This will include a cover letter, CV, official academic transcript and likely a psychometric test. While a psychometric test isn’t strictly a prerequisite, it is increasingly used in the application process to differentiate candidates.

These applications will be submitted either to cvMail, an online application, the firm’s website, or a “Student Application Form” that is downloadable from the NSW Law Society website.

SECOND ROUND INTERVIEWS AND COCKTAIL EVENINGS If your first interview goes well, a firm may invite you to attend a second interview. It is also likely they will invite you to attend a networking evening to assess your interpersonal skills.

Based on how you performed in the prior stages, you may be offered a clerkship position!

ACCEPTING OR DECLINING OFFERS Once you have received an offer/s, you may accept or decline. Even if you decide to decline an offer, it is courteous to thank your interviewer via email and call the HR representative at the firm.

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FINDING THE RIGHT FIRM While clerkships provide invaluable experience and exposure to different practice groups, the firm you choose will significantly shape your professional growth and opportunities. A good fit not only enhances your learning experience, but also helps you develop the skills and connections needed to thrive in the competitive legal industry. The right firm will also offer the right environment - whether it’s the practice areas, the culture, or the mentorship opportunities that align with your strengths and career aspirations.

Here are some tips on deciding what firms you should consider in your application process.

Practice Areas Finding a firm that offers practice areas that you are interested in and that align with your strengths is vital. Making a measured decision as to what practice area interests and challenges you will positively benefit your legal career.

Work Culture The culture of a firm can have a significant impact on your experience as a seasonal clerk. Consider the firm’s values, mission, and overall work environment. Do they prioritise employee wellbeing, diversity and inclusion? What is their approach to communication, collaboration, and decision-making? Try to get a sense of the firm’s culture through their website, social media, and by speaking to current or former employees.

Career Growth Does the firm offer opportunities for career growth and development? Do they encourage employees to pursue additional training or education? Do they provide mentorship programs or opportunities?

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SAMPLE PRACTICE AREAS AREA

Corporate Law

Employment and Industrial Relations Law

Energy and Natural Resources Law

DESCRIPTION

CLERKING MAY COMPRISE OF

This practice area deals with commercial transactions. In this area, you will likely be working on complex transactions with large companies. This practice area comprises of different sub-areas, including but not limited to: Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) Private Equity Governance Superannuation & Funds

Assisting in the preparation of contractual arrangements between corporate entities.

Assisting on matters related to corporate governance.

Assisting on preparing regulatory and legal updates that may affect transactions.

Assisting with the preparation of forms necessary for the completion of deals.

Assisting with due diligence.

This practice area governs the relationship between employers, employees, unions and the government. Some different subareas within this area include: Unfair dismissal Discrimination law and equal opportunity law Occupational health and safety Trade Practices Contracts

Attending consultations with clients and preparing file notes.

Undertaking legal research in relation to client-specific matters.

Assisting with preparing letters of advice.

Engaging in correspondence with the Industrial Relations Commission, other relevant courts and tribunals.

This practice area deals with the legal frameworks and regulations that govern the exploration, extraction, use and conservation of energy and natural resources.

In Australia, this encompasses a wide range of different areas such as: Environmental obligations Mining rights Indigenous land rights Renewable energy projects

Assisting with preparing on clients’ obligations under relevant environmental legislation or regulation.

Assisting with assessments of energy companies, including evaluating financial health, environmental compliance, and potential liabilities.

Researching obligations under the Native Title Act.

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AREA Insolvency Law

DESCRIPTION This practice area governs the legal framework for the dissolution of companies and the management of stakeholder interests when a corporation is unable to satisfy its financial obligations. It is primarily regulated by the Corporations Act. This discipline encompasses both contentious and non-contentious matters, and ranges from largescale corporate restructurings to more modest debt recovery.

Property Law

This practice area governs the framework of legal and regulatory matters relating to land ownership, use and development.

It covers a broad spectrum of matters, ranging from individual residential transactions to largescale commercial and infrastructure projects. But fundamentally, its purpose is to ensure compliance, manage risks and facilitate smooth and efficient transactions in relation to property dealings.

Taxation

This practice area involves the legal analysis of taxation issues and the practical application of relevant laws and regulations.

In Australia, this encompasses a wide range of areas such as income tax, goods and services tax (GST) and corporate tax. This practice area often involves and intersects with related practice areas such as property, contract, and business law.

CLERKING MAY COMPRISE OF Assisting with preparing court filings and various transactional documents.

Conducting company and asset searches.

Assisting with drafting legal advice for clients facing imminent insolvency or those already declared insolvent.

Assisting with negotiations preparation with creditors to facilitate the resolution of outstanding corporate debts.

Assisting with preparing advice on commercial, industrial, and retail property transactions.

Assisting with contract review and related documentation.

Assisting with due diligence for real estate and business acquisitions or disposals.

Assisting with complex arrangements relating to land tenure, title, and registration.

Assisting with negotiations preparation and formalising variations to existing lease agreements.

Providing administrative and clerical support to the team.

Organising and maintaining accurate tax files, financial records, and client statements.

Compiling necessary tax documentation and data required for federal and state income reporting.

Reviewing and analysing financial information in preparation for the completion of tax returns.

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AREA Public Law

Media and Technology

DESCRIPTION This practice area is a broad area that deals with any type of law that is based upon a relationship between individuals, corporations and the government. While this area usually involves administrative or constitutional law, public law can extend beyond these two areas. Its purpose is to maintain the balance of powers, and to ensure that the government remains lawful and accountable. It is distinct from private law, which governs the relationship between two private parties in a matter.

Researching the validity of legislation within judicial review proceedings.

Preparing draft responses to submissions based on constitutional arguments for judicial review proceedings.

Researching whether actions are reviewable decisions under Acts.

Attending judicial review proceedings with solicitors and counsel.

This practice area involves the legal and regulatory frameworks governing technology, digital media and communication networks.

Assisting with advice on the use of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and blockchain within the context of an evolving legal framework.

Assisting with advice for clients in relation to IP disputes, contractual rights and royalties.

Assisting with advice in relation to defamation proceedings.

Researching privacy and data protection matters, including privacy rights and obligations.

This practice area consists of different sub-areas consisting of, but not limited to: Artificial Intelligence Cybersecurity Broadcasting and streaming licenses Defamation Copyright

Pro Bono

CLERKING MAY COMPRISE OF

The term “pro bono” is a shortened Latin phrase that means for the public good. This practice area provides free or reduced rate legal services to disadvantaged individuals and organisations that may not be able to afford them otherwise.

Pro bono can occur in most areas of law practice, including in: Immigration law Family law Environmental law

Preparing documents required to give legal advice.

Undertaking legal research for matters.

Assisting with drafting court documents, gathering evidence and preparing for court proceedings.

Researching policy and law reform.

Assisting with document review.

Attending client interviews and meetings with solicitors.

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AREA Banking and Finance

DESCRIPTION This practice area deals mainly with the debt component of corporate transactions, although it more broadly governs the operations of financial institutions and markets.

This practice area consists of different sub-areas, consisting of but not limited to finance (focusing on financing developments or exploiting assets) debt capital markets securitisation property finance (assisting in managing the finance of commercial, residential and retail properties).

Intellectual Property

Construction

CLERKING MAY COMPRISE OF Assisting in preparing conditions precedent.

Assisting with the review of various types of securities.

Preparing drafts of documents such as board minutes, powers of attorney, loan agreements, deeds of release.

Assisting with preparing legal opinions.

Preparing for signings and completions.

Researching various legal issues in relation to banking and finance.

Corresponding with clients and team members.

Reviewing regulatory updates in the market.

This practice area deals with the legal frameworks that protect “creations of the mind”. It governs the mechanisms that help grant and protect the exclusive rights for creators over their creations.

IP law will also deal with resolving breaches of these exclusive rights.

Assisting with preparing advice for clients on the management of intellectual property (IP) rights, including patents, trade-marks and designs.

Assisting with preparing agreements for licensing and transferring of IP rights.

Preparing documents required in litigation to enforce IP rights.

This is a practice area that governs the advisory, transactional and litigious matters relating to construction projects.

It governs the relationship between stakeholders within a construction project, and enforces the legal obligations and rights of these parties.

Assisting with drafting construction contracts.

Gaining exposure to a diverse range of stakeholders, including private investors, property developers, construction firms.

Assisting with documents for project structuring and procurement, contract negotiation, and insurance requirements.

Assisting with preparation for litigation and dispute resolution.

This practice area deals with different issues within the construction process, including procurement, contract negotiation, insurance and dispute resolution.

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WELLBEING The clerkship process can be an extremely overwhelming and stressful time. Managing applications, university assignments, exams, work, and personal commitments can often leave students feeling stressed and depleted. This means that during the clerkship process, it is especially important to prioritise mental and physical wellbeing. Here are some tips to look after your health whilst you complete your applications and interviews.

Starting Clerkship Research Early Begin researching different firms as soon as possible. Look at what practice areas they offer, and get in contact with previous summer clerks that have worked there. When you have decided on the firms that interest you, create a list of their requirements and add their key dates to your calendar.

This will help you keep track of various application deadlines and interview dates for multiple firms.

Find a Good Support Network Let your friends and family know that you are applying for clerkships, and that this will be a busy and stressful time for you. Sharing what you are going through can often make the process seem less isolating, and can allow your network to understand that you may not be as available and involved as you usually are in the other facets of your life. It is also important to keep your support network close through any potential disappointment, as they will be a reassuring perspective that this is not the end of the world for you (even if it may feel like it)!

Get Enough Sleep While it may be tempting to spend your nights researching, networking and touching up your CV, good sleep is such an important (and overlooked) factor in increasing your mental and physical health. Plan your days well, and aim to get between 7-9 hours of sleep a night.

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The Application Process Written Applications Online Applications

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WRITTEN APPLICATIONS

WHAT ARE FIRMS LOOKING FOR? To preface, it is so important to be yourself throughout the entire application process. While it is important to consider the specific needs and requirements of the individual firms, ultimately there is no “perfect” category of applicant that will definitely get a clerkship. Be proud of your individual achievements and skills as this will give you the greatest chance of success.

STRONG ACADEMIC RECORDS Firms are looking for candidates that demonstrate strong academic ability.

While strong marks won’t guarantee you a position, they help bolster your application. For example, some firms may only consider applicants with a certain average WAM or above. Additionally, firms will likely look at your marks from subjects similar to the practice areas they offer. For example, firms often will look at marks in commercial law subjects as this is what most of the practice areas pertain to. Almost all of the clerkships will require a current official academic transcript, so make sure that you order one as soon as your latest exam results have been released.

WORK EXPERIENCE Work experience also plays an important part of the application process as it

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demonstrates you possess the skills necessary to work effectively in a legal environment. Legal jobs in similar fields are extremely beneficial in showing employers that you understand how to work within the legal industry. However, other types of work experience and skills are also important to note on your CV. For example, a waitressing job can demonstrate you have client-facing skills, or a sports coach position can demonstrate that you have experience leading a team.

VARIED EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES Firms are not only interested in your academic results or work experience, they also want to know what type of person you are. They are seeking well-rounded applicants with qualities related to communication, organisation, commercial awareness and commitment.

Involvement in extracurricular activities can be used to address any weak areas in your academic results or work experience or add to your application to showcase your skills.

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HOW DO I RESEARCH FIRMS 1

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Make a list of the firms you are interested in and note your reasons for selecting these firms. Questions to consider include, “What culture am I best suited for?”, and “What are my long-term goals in the legal industry?”

Research the firms that align with your interests and goals.

Information to research may include: Practice areas, firm culture and values Organisational structure and partners Recent transactions, cases, and clients This information can be found by: Researching the firms’ websites Attending events such as firm presentations and other networking opportunities Speaking with former clerks, graduates and HR representatives Reading LinkedIn posts from former clerks, graduates and HR representatives Reading news sources such as the Australian Financial Review and Lawyers Weekly. You may also research the broader legal industry and investigate trends in the legal market

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Research the application process of these firms, including the HR representative and person you will address your cover letters to.

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HOW DO I RESEARCH FIRMS 4

Analyse any selection criteria available and consider whether you would be competitive or compatible for the role.

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Create a short list of your skills and experiences, articulating why you believe you fit the criteria and culture of the firm.

Further Resources In 2025, MULS has organised and run career events to help students with the clerkship application process. Our events include Clerkship Firm Panels, our Clerkship Fair and Interview Roulette with different commercial law firms.

Our clerkship related events serve as an opportunity to meet HR representatives, seasonal clerks and current lawyers from some of Australia’s leading commercial law firms. These events are designed to help you with your firm research before starting your applications.

Keep an eye out on the MULS Instagram page and LinkedIn page for our upcoming Justified Podcast episodes, which will provide you with more insight into what working at commercial law firms is like, before clerkship applications open this year!

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ONLINE APPLICATIONS

TIPS FOR THE ONLINE APPLICATION Format Your Responses To ensure your online application does not have any spelling and grammar mistakes, write out answers to the questions in a document. You could even consider running the document through a spellchecker or asking a peer to proofread it.

Adhere to Any Word Limits and Application Instructions Follow all instructions provided in the application carefully. For example, if the firm has asked for a specific file format, submit your response in that format. Ensure that all required documents (resume, cover letter, academic transcript and other requested documents) are included and uploaded correctly.

Personalise Your Responses Avoid using a generic cover letter or application. Take the time to craft responses that speak directly to each firm.

Save a Copy of Your Responses Save your document with a clear, professional name in order to make it easier for employers to identify your application. Also, saving a copy for yourself allows you to reflect on your answers in the case that you wish to improve upon them for future applications.

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PSYCHOMETRIC TESTING Psychometric tests are a type of assessment that law firms will use to evaluate candidates’ abilities. They often consist of aptitude tests and/or personality tests. These assessments are very important in differentiating candidates with similar academic and professional accolades.

APTITUDE TESTS These types usually consist of multiplechoice questions that should be answered quickly while accurately.

This category can be further broken down into numerical, verbal/comprehension and logical/spatial reasoning tests.

PERSONALITY/MOTIVATIONS TESTS These questions are to understand your personality and motivations, and assess whether you would be a good fit for the firm.

You will be asked to choose your personal preference along a strongly disagree to strongly agree continuum in response to hypothetical scenarios.

It is important to choose what aligns with your own personal values rather than what you think the firm will want to hear.

TIPS FOR PSYCHOMETRIC TESTING Practice Complete some online practice tests to familiarise yourself with the format of the test. It’s important to simulate the actual test conditions to reduce surprises on the day.

Take it seriously Have a pen and paper beside you, make sure you are in a quiet space, and ensure you have good WiFi connection. Approach this test with the same level of focus and commitment as you would any other part of the application process.

Strategise If under time pressure, concentrate your efforts on answering as many questions as possible rather than pining over a single question that may have stumped you.

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In-Person & Video Interviews In-Person Interviews Video Interviews

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IN-PERSON INTERVIEWS

BEFORE YOUR INTERVIEW Take time to reflect and prepare for your interview Know your resume inside out. Be ready to discuss your experiences in detail.

Draw from all areas of your life including work, internships, education, extracurriculars, community involvement, and volunteer work to identify the skills you have developed.

Clarify what you are looking for in a role. Think about your ideal job and the kind of work environment that suits you best.

Define your goals. Identify both your short-term and long-term objectives.

Prepare real-life examples that demonstrate key skills and qualities. These will be helpful when responding to behavioural interview questions.

Practise your interview technique. Attend mock interviews or set up practice sessions with friends and family. You can also use the sample questions in this guide to test yourself.

Understand the employer Research the firm thoroughly by exploring their website, recent media coverage and professional associations.

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Show genuine interest and understanding of the firm. Be prepared to speak about what attracts you to the firm specifically.

Familiarise yourself with the role. Understand the key responsibilities and expectations associated with a clerkship.

Get to know your interviewer. Look them up on LinkedIn, learn about their role at the firm, their area of practice, and how long they have been with the organisation.

Prepare thoughtful questions to ask during the interview, focusing on the firm’s culture, work environment, or the interviewer’s professional journey.

DURING THE INTERVIEW Developing rapport First impressions matter. Aim to build rapport from the outset with a warm, confident greeting and a 30–40 second self-introduction.

Create a comfortable atmosphere. Be relaxed, respectful, and professional throughout the conversation and use positive body language by maintaining eye contact, smiling, and using open gestures. Avoid crossing your arms, fidgeting, and slouching.

Stay composed. Take a deep breath, stay present, and be yourself.

Speak clearly and professionally. Avoid slang, informal expressions, or incorrect grammar.

Demonstrate active listening. Respond thoughtfully to questions, and avoid one-word answers.

Observe the culture. Pay attention to how the team communicates and interacts with you to help you determine if the organisation is a good fit for you.

Answering the questions Listen carefully. Make sure you fully understand the question before responding.

Highlight your strengths with clear, job-specific examples.

Be confident and authentic. Present your achievements honestly and ask thoughtful work-related questions that show genuine interest in the role.

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Use real-life examples. Focus on achievements that showcase your skills. For instance: "I’m a strong team player. I took on the role of [X] during [Y] project."

As a committee member of [student society], I was responsible for [specific task]."

Working alongside [type of professionals] taught me to adapt quickly, as demonstrated when I [specific example]."

AFTER THE INTERVIEW Take notes immediately after the interview to help you reflect on what was discussed.

Send a thank-you email within 24–48 hours to express appreciation and reinforce your enthusiasm for the position. Make sure to highlight your interest in the role and gratitude for the opportunity.

Review your performance. After the interview, write down any especially tricky or unexpected questions you were asked, along with your answers. This helps you build a personal Q&A bank you can refine and reuse for future opportunities.

Consider what went well in the interview and what could be improved for next time.

If you receive an offer, thank everyone who supported you during the process.

If you don’t receive an offer, consider reaching out for feedback, and express your thanks for being considered.

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INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Introductory Questions

Resume-Based Questions

These questions help break the ice and give the interviewer insight into your background and personality.

These questions focus on your previous experiences and how they relate to the position.

Examples Tell me about yourself?

Why have you applied for this role?

How would you describe yourself in one word?

Examples Your resume mentions experience in [type of work], can you elaborate?

You participated in [activity], how will that help you in this role?

Academic Questions These questions assess how your education has prepared you for a legal career.

Examples Tell me about your degree. Why did you choose to study [elective]?

How has your university education prepared you for this role?

Skills-Based Questions These questions aim to explore your soft skills through practical examples.

Examples Provide an example of how you have multitasked effectively?

Tell me about a time you faced a challenge working in a team. How did you handle it?

Describe a situation where you persuaded others to adopt your idea.

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INTERVIEW QUESTIONS Technical Knowledge These questions test your understanding of legal or role specific issues and terminology.

Examples What legal issues would you need to be aware of in this role?

What technical skills from your past experience are relevant to this role?

Tell me about a time that you demonstrated [technical skill].

Motivation and Career Goal Questions These questions assess how your education has prepared you for a legal career.

Examples Where do you see yourself in five years?

What are your career goals?

Organisational Awareness Questions These questions evaluate how well you understand the employer and your motivation to join them.

Examples Why do you want to work for us?

What do you know about our firm?

What interests you about this role/industry/firm?

Hypothetical Scenario Questions These questions aim to test how you would react to hypothetical situations that could arise on the job.

Examples What would you do if you were given a task you didn’t understand or had no experience with?

What would you do if you realised you misunderstood a task just before the deadline?

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THE STAR METHOD What is the STAR method?

The STAR method is a technique used to answer behavioural interview questions.

These are questions that ask you to clearly link your prior experience to your skills and problem-solving abilities, and often begin with “Give me an example of…” or “Tell me about a time when…”

S – Situation

T – Task

Describe the context or background of the situation. What was happening?

Where were you working/studying? Who was involved?

Outline the specific challenge or goal you were facing in that situation. What were you responsible for in that situation?

Example "During my final year of university, I was part of a group project in my PACE unit in which we had to present a legal analysis to a board of directors."

Example "I was responsible for coordinating the research and ensuring our analysis addressed both legal and ethical implications."

A – Action

R – Result

This is the core of your response. Explain the steps you took to handle the task.

Focus on your contributions, even if it was a team effort.

Share the results of your actions. Try to quantify the result if possible (e.g., grades, feedback, improved outcomes). Don’t forget to mention what you learnt!

Example "I delegated research areas to each group member based on their strengths, set up a shared document for collaboration, and scheduled regular check-ins to keep us on track. I also reviewed and edited the final presentation to ensure clarity and cohesion."

Example "I received a High Distinction in this unit, and it reinforced my ability to lead under pressure and clarified my interest in commercial law."

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HARDER QUESTIONS Your interviewer/s will often ask more difficult questions later in the interview to differentiate candidates and to dig deep into your experience. Some of these questions could include:

Q

What is your understanding of a clerkship?

To prepare for this question, review the role description, speak with the contact person or HR representative during networking opportunities. You are also encouraged to ask questions during the interview.

Q

What can you contribute to this firm?

When responding, be sure to provide examples of how you have developed and applied your skills in the past, and explain how they can benefit the firm moving forward.

Q

A

A

How do you stay updated on developments in the legal industry?

It’s helpful to mention your professional memberships, the relevant publications you read and your efforts to stay informed about current trends or issues in the industry.

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Q

What are your weaknesses?

When discussing weaknesses, focus on areas that are not critical to the position or mention a skill you are actively improving. It's important to show that you have a plan to address any areas for growth and to answer with confidence.

A

SHOULD I ALSO ASK THE INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS? The interviewer will also want you to make an informed decision about the firm through thoughtful questions of your own. Asking questions will not only help you learn more about the clerkship, but will also demonstrate your genuine interest and show that you have seriously considered a clerkship with the firm.

Be sure to ask questions that you genuinely want answers to, rather than asking just to impress the interviewer.

Examples Here are some examples questions to ask: How will my performance be evaluated?

What are the next steps in the selection process, and when can I expect to hear from you?

What skills are essential for success in this role?

Can you provide more details about the specific duties and responsibilities of this position?

What does a typical day look like in this role?

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VIDEO INTERVIEWS

Video interviews are another way for firms to conduct their clerkship recruitment.

Here is how you can excel in this stage of the application process.

THE INTERVIEW FORMAT The interview format can vary depending on the firm and may include: A set of timed pre-recorded questions, with one to two opportunities to retake the video.

A set of pre-recorded questions, with unlimited attempts to record your responses.

A “self-interview”, in which applicants will record a two to four minute video introducing themselves.

BEFORE THE INTERVIEW Prepare as you would for an in-person interview. Research the firm, practice answers to different types of interview questions, and prepare relevant questions to ask the interviewer.

To overcome the lack of feedback or visual cues during a video interview, practice answering questions with a friend or family member. Ask for their feedback on your body language, tone, and clarity.

Practice recording yourself for 2-4 minutes and eloquently outlining your relevant skills and experiences.

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Review your resume.

Thoroughly read all instructions before the interview and ensure you understand what is expected.

Make sure your outfit is appropriate for the role and the firm you are interviewing for.

ON THE DAY OF THE INTERVIEW Choose a quiet, comfortable location for the interview. Ideally sit at a table with a chair at the right height.

Ensure a good WiFi connection, and check that your microphone and webcam are working. Don’t forget to charge your computer the night before too!

Turn off your phone and computer notifications to avoid distractions.

Check that your background is clean, neutral and free from distracting items.

Inform others around your work space that you are not to be disturbed.

Ensure your face is well-lit, avoiding backlight that may obscure your features.

Use the bathroom beforehand to avoid interruptions.

Keep a glass of water, tissues and cough drops nearby.

Have a printed copy of your resume in order to reference it easily.

DURING THE INTERVIEW Imagine the interviewer is sitting across from you in a face-to-face meeting, and answer questions accordingly.

Read the instructions thoroughly. You will have limited time to prepare and respond to each question.

Speak naturally, clearly and confidently. Make sure your responses are also clear and succinct.

Maintain good body language by keeping eye contact through looking at the webcam, use open hand gestures and smile. Avoid fidgeting.

You can use notes (physical or online ones), but avoid looking like you are directly reading from them.

AFTER THE INTERVIEW Writing down your questions and answers after the interview can help you reflect on your performance and identify areas for improvement. Use these notes to prepare for future interviews and refine your answers.

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Cocktail Evenings & Networking

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COCKTAIL EVENINGS

While traditional interviews focus on evaluating skills and qualifications, many interview processes will also include a networking evening within the interview process. These evenings are important in evaluating candidates' soft skills, such as interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence, within a social setting. This is especially important in commercial law practices where building relationships with colleagues and clients is crucial. Attending a networking evening also gives applicants a chance to learn more about the firm, as well as receive advice from current employees. In addition, during these events you learn about team dynamics, the firm’s culture, and form connections with individuals who might be colleagues or part of your professional network in the future.

RSVP ETIQUETTE If you have two networking evenings in one night, it is always courteous to email the HR representative for the second networking evening you will attend to let them know that you will be late. If you have two networking evenings that coincide, make sure that you make a considered decision to attend the networking evening of your preferred firm first. It is courteous to email the HR representative of the other firm, thank them for the invitation, and tell them that you may be arriving late or not in attendance.

ENTERING AND EXITING CONVERSATION Knowing how to politely enter and exit conversations is key to making a strong and

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professional impression. On entrance into a conversation, approach the group with a friendly demeanour. Make eye contact, and if it is a group conversation, wait for a natural pause in order to introduce yourself. Make sure you have a couple of conversation starters ready to go in order to keep the conversation flowing. These could include, “How did you get started at the firm” or “What practice area do you work in?”.

For exiting the conversation, wait for a natural break and don’t rush your exit. Thank the person/group you are speaking to, saying that “I’m going to grab another drink, but it was lovely meeting you and I hope you enjoy the rest of your evening”. If you are speaking one-on-one with someone, it is polite to try and include another person in the conversation before you leave to avoid isolating them.

ALCOHOL ETIQUETTE During these events, it is usually the case that glasses of alcohol will be served alongside some canapes. Although the option to drink is there in order to enhance sociability, it is perfectly acceptable not to drink if you do not wish to. It is also important to note that if you are not confident that you can handle your alcohol on the night, it is important to stay on the safe side and not drink at all.

If you do decide to drink, do not overindulge and make sure you are still in control of your composure and speech. Try to line your stomach beforehand, or drink alongside eating canapes in order to balance out the alcohol. In addition, hold your drink in your left hand to avoid a wet and clammy handshake.

PREPARE SOME CONVERSATION TOPICS Having some conversation topics at hand can help you avoid awkward silence and keep the conversation memorable and engaging. Keep up to date on current events, as you could discuss current legal news, major events in politics and the economy, or something lighthearted such as sport or pop culture.

FOLLOWING UP AFTER THE EVENT If you genuinely connected with someone and want to continue the relationship, follow up with them by sending either a LinkedIn message or email thanking them for their time and expressing your interest in staying in touch.

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NETWORKING

Networking refers to the process of building and maintaining professional relationships throughout your career. These relationships can help you thrive by offering insights, advice, mentorship or opportunities throughout your career. There are many opportunities to network in real life at events, panels, or even over a quick coffee. While talking with strangers at an event may seem intimidating, networking is a valuable skill to master (and can actually be enjoyable once you get good at it!). The most important way to do this is by shifting your mindset from “What can this person do for me?” to one of genuine curiosity and seeking to find common interests. Seek genuine connection and friendship rather than just career prospects.

NETWORKING ONLINE Networking on LinkedIn is an extremely effective way to build professional relationships, especially as someone seeking a clerkship. It allows you to connect with professionals in the legal industry, learn from their career paths, and increase your visibility with potential employers.

By engaging thoughtfully with firm updates, sharing relevant articles, or commenting on posts from lawyers and recruiters, you demonstrate genuine interest and initiative.

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CREATING A PROFESSIONAL PROFILE Before reaching out, make sure that your LinkedIn profile is professional and reflective of your current position and achievements. Start by uploading a high-quality, professional profile photo. Choose a clean, uncluttered background and wear attire that reflects the norms of your industry.

Next, review and update your work experience and volunteer activities. Include your current role, responsibilities, and any notable achievements or projects. Ensure your job titles and dates are accurate, and include brief but informative descriptions that showcase your skills and accomplishments. Your “About” section should also serve as a compelling personal summary of these aspects, and should include your career goals, key skills and standout achievements.

By polishing your LinkedIn profile in this way, you not only demonstrate professionalism but also increase your chances of making a strong and lasting impression when initiating new connections online.

SENDING OUT AN INVITATION When sending a LinkedIn connection request, it's highly recommended that you add a short, personalised note to help establish rapport and make your request stand out.

This brief introduction shows that you've taken the time to engage meaningfully and not just send a generic invite.

Keep it professional, polite, and to the point—mention who you are and why you are reaching out.

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Accepting Offers Multiple Offers Etiquette Dealing with Rejection

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MULTIPLE OFFERS ETIQUETTE

Most firms will make their offers on the same day to give all applicants an equal opportunity to decide which firm they want to work for. This means that while it’s an amazing feat to be offered multiple offers, you have to navigate deciding and declining offers with professionalism.

In terms of deciding which offer to take, there are several ways that you can compare offers. You can do this by: Considering the different firms’ strengths, practice areas, values and culture and whether they align with your own.

Compare the additional benefits of the role, such as the professional development opportunities and the job security of the role.

Seek advice from trusted mentors, HR representatives and partners at the firm.

In declining a particular offer, make sure to be prompt and polite. It is good practice to reach out to the HR representative thanking them for the opportunity. You could say something along the lines of: “Thank you so much for the offer to join your seasonal clerkship program. I truly appreciate the opportunity and enjoyed learning more about your firm. After careful consideration, I’ve decided to accept another offer, but I’m very grateful for the chance to engage with your team.”

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DEALING WITH REJECTION If you are unsuccessful within the clerkship process, it is important to use the experience as an opportunity to reflect and improve for future opportunities. This is not to say that you cannot acknowledge that you feel disappointed. It is okay to be upset that you have not received the outcomes you were looking for after all your hard work. However, it is important to reframe the rejection and reflect on how the process has prepared you for future roles. In the process, you have been able to practice your interview and networking skills, build your professional presence, learn about the different firms’ cultures, and increase your confidence.

It is also important to think of ways as to how to redirect yourself and explore other pathways. You can do this by applying for paralegal or legal secretary positions at firms.

You could also apply for roles in other areas of law, such as criminal or family. In addition, keep in mind that just because you did not get a clerkship position at a particular firm does not automatically mean you will not get a graduate position. If you are interested in a particular firm, there is merit in applying for the firm in a graduate position the year after.

Consider also reaching out to mentors or industry professionals for advice on how to pivot and expand your horizons.

If you want further clarification on where you can improve for future applications, you may also send an email to the HR representative or your interviewer to politely ask for feedback. You could ask for feedback on the specific reasons for your application’s rejection that could aid you in future professional endeavours. In your email, remember to remain professional and never come off as demanding in order to maintain a positive relationship with the firm.

Maintaining a positive and proactive mindset during this time is essential. While it can be easy to compare yourself to others or feel discouraged, remember that everyone's career path is unique. Progress in the legal profession is not always linear, ust that consistent effort and resilience will lead you to the right opportunity at the right time.

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Meet the Clerkship Firms

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List of Firms Clayton Utz Ashurst King & Wood Mallesons Herbert Smith Freehills Gilbert + Tobin Baker McKenzie HWL Ebsworth Allens DLA Piper Maddocks Gadens McCullough Robertson Johnson Winter Slattery Norton Rose Fulbright MinterEllison Hall & Wilcox Pinsent Masons HFW Clifford Chance Thomson Geer Barry Nilsson Corrs Chambers Westgarth 46

Clayton Utz

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Ashurst

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King & Wood Mallesons

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Herbert Smith Freehills

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Gilbert + Tobin

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Baker McKenzie

HWL Ebsworth

Allens

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DLA Piper

By

Maddocks

By

Gadens

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DAY IN THE LIFE KALARNI ORR SYDNEY IPT GRADUATE 7.15amRise and shine, I wake up and get ready for the day. I commute into the CBD (25 minutes.)

8.45amI arrive at Martin Place, Gadens new Sydney offices are conveniently located next to the new Metro station. I arrive on our floor, log into my devices, and set up for the day. Most mornings, the IPT team or graduate cohort will go on a coffee run, an opportunity to check in with one another and see how everyone’s weeks are shaping up.

I arrive back to my desk and check my emails first and foremost. Once I’ve caught up on my emails, I make a list of everything I need to action for the day, triage this list and determine priorities. I communicate my capacity and tasks for the day with my buddy, Ray Huang. I am currently completing my first rotation in our IPT practice group, working under Adrian Chotar, Sinead Lynch and Marina Olsen, all who have distinctly different practice specialities. No day is the same in the IPT team, I work across privacy, cyber security, AI governance, tech contracting, copyright infringements, and trade promotions.

9.00amIt is now time to start on my billable work for the day. This particular morning, I reviewed a Master Service Agreement for our client, specifically considering an infringement of a non-solicitation clause. This matter also involved consulting with Gadens Workplace and Disputes (WAD) team for specialised employment advice. At Gadens, working collaboratively across practice groups is encouraged and very common, and a great way to meet colleagues in other teams. I complete the draft letter of advice.

11:00amNow we have our weekly IPT team online meeting with my colleagues from the Sydney and Melbourne teams. These meetings are great to understand workflows, discuss new matters, and go through our capacity for the week. After the meeting, I reach out to our IPT Melbourne team to express interest in trade promotions. I previously worked in-house for a media corporation, and enjoyed working on similar trade promotion matters.

11.30amI have an advice research task to assist a Senior Associate involving podcasts and confidentiality.

Gadens’ intranet has a great knowledge hub, which is always my starting point. I work on this task for the next hour and send through my findings (tip: always include attachments of case judgements to make review more efficient.)

1:00pmLunch break time. I head up to Level 30 to enjoy the office rooftop and harbour views. I often have lunch with my fellow graduate cohort in other practice groups, a great time to check-in with each other and discuss things outside of work.

2:00pmI check in with my supervising partner who I was assisting earlier in the week with a privacy briefing presentation. We review the presentation and make notes. The meeting takes a delightful turn, I have been invited to join my Partner at the in-person presentation next week, and present on a few slides of choice. Gadens really encourages their graduates to get involved from the onset, and this is a perfect example of their commitment to our development as graduates. I continue working on the privacy briefing content, making amendments as we have another check-in tomorrow.

3:30pmThe IPT Melbourne team (who I earlier reached out to) have some work for me to get involved with. I review the trade promotion material and address questions on an upcoming sporting trade promotion.

5:00pmMy buddy, Ray Huang, has scheduled a quick catch-up to see how I’m going and answer any of my questions. Gadens really prioritises assisting Graduates with the transition from study to full-time work, and the buddy system, it is the perfect way for Graduate to soundboard ideas and ask questions, to someone in the team that also was a recent graduate at Gadens, and who is familiar with the onboarding processes. Ray, a 2023 Grad@Gadens, really takes the time to go answer all my questions and give me both positive and constructive feedback on my tasks.

5:30pmI’ve finished my work for the day and made a note of the work I need to continue with tomorrow. Now heading to get dinner with a friend from university.

6:45pm Most evenings I commute home after work, go to the gym, and unwind. On the occasional afternoon (usually once a month) as a member of the Communications and Media Law Association (CAMLA), I attend their events. Tonight’s event is the CAMLA Young Lawyers Networking event, with a panel discussion from leading private practice and in-house legal counsel on all things IPT, specifically AI and copyright, defamation, and privacy reforms. If you have a particular interest in IPT, these events are a great way to get involved, show interest, and by osmosis learn about the industry.

8:30pm Time to head home and unwind. Tonight’s plan is to complete a quiz module for PLT, watch a movie (usually a rom-com classic is my go-to), and prepare for the next day. A perfect way to end my day!

McCullough Robertson

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Johnson Winter Slattery

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Norton Rose Fulbright

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MinterEllison

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Hall & Wilcox

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Pinsent Masons

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HFW

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AMELIA CHADWICK CLERKSHIP TESTIMONIAL (CONSTRUCTION AND COMMODITIES) HFW's Summer Clerkship Programme was my first introduction to working in a law firm, and it proved to be an exceptional learning experience. I rotated through the Construction and Commodities Practice Groups, gaining hands-on exposure to complex matters in international commercial law.

My decision to pursue HFW was affirmed at the networking event prior to interviews, where the Partners and Associates demonstrated a clear passion for their work and a strong commitment to the Firm's values and global expertise. From day one, the Partners were approachable, welcoming, and genuinely excited to have us on board – inviting us to contribute meaningfully and always making themselves available for support and guidance.

One of the key highlights of my clerkship was the exposure to international arbitration, which deepened my interest in cross-border dispute resolution and confirmed it as an area I hope to continue working in. I also developed a stronger understanding of the distinction between front-end (advisory and transactional) and back-end (litigation and dispute resolution) practice areas – an insight that allowed me to reflect on my own strengths and shape my future career goals with greater clarity. I felt supported not only by the lawyers but also by my fellow clerks. We worked closely together, encouraged each other, and made the most of every opportunity. HFW fosters a strong learning culture where curiosity is valued, and no question is ever too small.

Beyond legal work, I gained valuable insight into how the Firm operates as a business, from billing practices to business development, offering me a well-rounded understanding of life as a commercial lawyer.

Following the Clerkship, I was offered a Paralegal role and am thrilled to be joining the Firm as a Graduate in 2025. I would highly recommend HFW to any student looking to build a strong foundation in commercial law within a supportive, innovative, and globally minded team.

Clifford Chance

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Thomson Geer

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Barry Nilsson

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Corrs Chambers Westgarth

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