Performance Analysis of Dammam Center Municipality Building in Saudi Arabia Using BIM methodology Abstract
Main Case Study
to make it work for the DCM rather than
This thesis is about an investigation to an existing public building, which is Dammam Centre Municipality (DCM) in Saudi Arabia, to assess and evaluate the building performance using Building Information Modelling (BIM) implementation. In order to achieve the aim of this research an investigation will occur to the current status using BIM package to understand if it would make any change to the existing status. This type of investigation would be mainly focused on energy performance so an analysis to the building will be done using BIM implementation, to get a report that provide an estimation of the current energy use.
fighting against it. So at first, the analysis will include a wind inquiry, wind frequency, humidity level, and temperature. Secondly, the analysis will also take a consideration of sun path in each season, therefore it will give an idea of where the heat gain, and lose. Moreover, an applicable material that can be used to prevent the heat gain or loss. Finally, a comparative case study will take place, between Masder City, UAE one of sustainable cities in the world, and DCM to find out the level of sustainability in that single building. And what aspect that have been taken to design that city. After that, a conclusion and recommendations will take place at the end of this thesis.
Project Name Opening date Area Cost Construction type Type of practice
Discussion
Dammam October 2012 17,000 m²,built in area nearly 2,600m² 13,500,000 SAR –which equal to €2,658,429 300mm wall cast-In-situ Office
Annual Wind Rose (Speed Distribution)
Orientation
This part will discuss two main things. First, discuss the result to evaluated performance of the building. Second, there will be a comparison between DCM and Masder City, designed by Norman Foster, as a good sustainable city example in the same region.
Analysing the building orientation will help to evaluate the solar radiation in each direction. So, as it has been shown in picture below, the building oriented toward the west where it a very bright entrance because of the sky light, so the main hall will heat up very quickly. Also, without any wall insulation, things become worse. Second, Saudi Arabia is located very closely to equator where there is no lower sun during the wintertime. Therefore, the building has exposed to very dry Summer and wet Winter. Humidity affects the level of the comfort depending on the water source within the site, and temperature and wind direction become more effectively to get a good level of comfort. Lastly, the shape of the building and windows opening are important factors to help controlling energy gains and losses.
Case study: Masder City
Psychometric Chart VP
Location: DAMMAM, SAU
Frequency: 1st January to 31st December Weekday Times: 00:00-24:00 Hrs Barometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa
5.2
© W e a th e r T o o l
SELECT ED DESIGN T ECHNIQUES: 1. passive solar heating 2. thermal mass effects 3. exposed mass + night-purge ventilation 4. natural ventilation 5. direct evaporative cooling 6. indirect evaporative cooling
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Then, an analysis were created to assist the site in order
Sustainable City, designed by Norman foster + Partner in Abu Dhabi City, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
http://www.orkii.com/saudi-arabia
2.4
2.0
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0.8 Comfort 0.4
DBT(°C)
1. Orientation 2. Low rise, high density 3. Wind tower
Aim
The overall aim of this research is to investigate the use of BIM in an actual existing public building in Saudi Arabia, Dammam Centre Municipality (DCM).
Energy
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Monthly Heating Load
As it shows in the result chapter that the main energy demand loses through the wall, windows solar, windows conductive, lighting fixtures, Misc and equipment. Despite the heat generate from others elements like roofs, infiltration, occupants …etc, they are not a major loses. The most important thing that it is easier to notice the problem using the bar chart to see where
Objectives
1. Survey the existing building to identify the problems which arise because of using the traditional way of designing and co-operative between construction professionals instead of BIM 2. To evaluate the design 3. To identify and appraise the existing approaches that been using on the building and whether it is sustainable or not 4. To develop/propose a project-based construction options to improve the performance
Compare a Monthly Cooling Load
http://www.masdarcity.ae/en/ Central Abu Dhabi
Result
Annual Temperature Bins
BIM model
Masder Institute
http://catnaps.org/
Diurnal Weather Averages
Conclusion
Very Dry summer, need of water source is require Stereographic Diagram Location: RIYADH, SAU
N
345°
Sun Position: -177.7°, 69.4° HSA: -177.7°, VSA: 110.6° © W e a th e r T o o l
Comfort Percentages
15°
330°
NAME: LOCATION: WEEKDAYS: POSITION:
30° 10°
315°
Dammam SAU 00:00 - 24:00 Hrs 24.7°, 46.8°
45° 20°
© W e a th e r T o o l
30° 300°
60°
SELECTED DESIGN TECHNIQUES: 1. Passive solar heating 2. Thermal mass effects 3. Exposed mass + night-purge ventilation 4. Natural ventilation 5. Direct evaporative cooling 6. Indirect evaporative cooling
40° 1st Jul
1st Jun
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1st Aug
60°
285°May 1st
75°
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80°
1st Apr
Monthly Design Data
270°
90° 1st Oct
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MULTIPLE PASSIVE DESIGN TECHNIQUES
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Year
1st Mar
1st105° Nov
255°
80
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1st Dec 17
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Time: 12:00 Date: 1st April Dotted lines: July-December.
In conclusion, throughout this dissertation an extensive research has been carried out on achieving this piece of work. BIM provides many actual figures and visualization to give a better understanding to the case study (DCM). This was the research aim ‘to investigate the use of BIM in an actual existing public building in Saudi Arabia, Dammam Centre Municipality.’
Recommendation
Further research recommendation would be for retrofitting and upgrading to get more into studying in more details, for example the different types of insulation and shading devise plus maintenance aspects of the building that would brought the energy use to net zero energy.
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Ali Alfaraj ID#20044297 Date: 8 May 2014