The Graduation Project Evaluation Jury recommends MITIKA ANIL KABRA to be awarded the Graduation Degree of the MIT Institute of Design, Pune IN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN- PRODUCT DESIGN herewith, for the project titled ‘’UTENSIL CLEANING AID FOR INDIAN HOMES’’ MEMBERS
:
NAME
ORGANISATION
on fulfilling the further requirements by *
(*Subsequent remarks regarding fulfilling the requirements :)
GRADUATION PROGRAMME 2013 PROGRAMME : UGDPD PROGRAMME
Chairperson of the Jury
SIGNATURE
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Contents Ch 1
Introduction
5 -
13
Ch 2
Brief
15 -
18
Ch 3
Research
3.1 User Research 3.2 Analysis 3.2 Parallel Products
19 26 39 -
25 38 46
Ch 4
Concept Triggers
48 -
59
Ch 5
NIF Innovation / Ideas
61 -
76
Ch 6
Final Concept
77 -
99
Ch 7
Conclusion
101- 103
Annexure 1. Trials for the Final Concept 2. Fabrication of Improved Innovation 3. Fabrication of Sink Concept 4. Dishwasher Know- how
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 1
Introduction
Preface Mit Institute Of Design National Innovation Foundation Project Outcome Acknowledgement
Preface The project selection is an outcome of everyday experiences relating to the food preparing process till the utensils [in which one has had food ] are ready to use again . Experiences with maids , moms, ourselves. With maids giving their children good education, a gap for domestic help for cleaning utensils has started surfacing. I started looking for answers to questions like will Indians take to dishwashers ? If yes, then why is it not tending so in the sales. If no, then what are they looking for? In the course I realized Indian customs of balanced
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diet, their attachment to their utensils, their particularity about shining utensils along with many more cultural aspects like’ jhoothe bartan’; [some nonnegotiables] they all needed to be dealt with. Also keeping in mind the urban lifestyles we Indians live. The official 6 month journey in the world of Indians and their utensils and what could be some possible solutions to ease out the task of utensil cleaning in a soon- to- be domestic - help - sparse society is presented in this documentation.
I would like to thank facilitators for the project, National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad for this opportunity and their amazing pool of innovations and ideas in this field from which I have learnt . I also thank my faculty and friends at MIT Institute of Design for imbibing the holistic approach to solve a problem in me.
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
MIT Institute Of Design, Pune MIT Institute of Design is one of the institutes for Design Education in India. MIT ID is established by MAEER’s Group. MIT ID is part of the Design habitat which is near the banks of Mula-Mutha river and situated in the famous Rajbaug farms spread over a vast area of 125 acres (0.51 kms). This farm belonged to Raj Kapoor and was handed over to MAEER’s Group by the Kapoor Family.
3 Domains of Education at MIT Institute of Design The first is the domain of skill. These are those design skills and design tools that should help students communicate convincingly the outcome of every stage of the design process. If one has to look
for a concept from the Indian philosophy that has an equivalence with this domain, that would be the concept of Sadhan. The second is the domain of knowledge. It pertains the knowledge base the students must acquire from subject areas of varying nature. From this base, should flow meticulously gathered and researched information needed during the entire problem solving process. Again, an equivalent concept from the Indian philosophy to represent this domain would be Sadhana.
students think laterally and innovatively, develop, design concepts and translate the concept into a tangible form which in fact is the very solution of the stated problem of design. The equivalent concept from the Indian philosophy obviously, is Sadhya. In a short span of 5 years MIT ID has emerged to be one of the best Product Design institutes in India. I owe a lot to the institute and its people.
It is the third domain of formation that becomes the vital core of the design process. The total and composite learning from this domain is meant to make
Introduction
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad Building upon the Honey Bee network philosophy, the National Innovation Foundation-India (NIF), started functioning in March 2000 as India’s national initiative to strengthen the grassroots technological innovations and outstanding traditional knowledge. Its mission is to help India become a creative and knowledge based society by expanding policy and institutional space for grassroots technological innovators. NIF is committed to look for grassroots innovators who have developed technological innovations in any field of human survival without any outside help. NIF helps them get due reward for their innovations and ensure that such innovations diffuse widely through commercial and non-commercial channels
generating incentives for them and others involved in the value chain. With major contribution from the Honey Bee Network, NIF has been able to build up a database of more than 1, 60,000 ideas, innovations and traditional knowledge practices (not all unique) from over 545 districts of the country. Through the collaborations with R&D institutions, NIF helps in getting these innovations validated and converting them into value added technologies/products. NIF has filed over 550 patents on behalf of the innovators and outstanding traditional knowledge holders of which thirty five patents have been granted in India and four in USA. Micro Venture Innovation Fund at NIF has provided risk capital for 178 projects, which are at
different stages of incubation. NIF has succeeded in commercializing products across countries in six continents apart from being successful in materialising sixty four cases of technology licensing to seventy eight licensees with the help of partner agencies. NIF has proved that Indian innovators can match anyone in the world when it comes to solving problems creatively, where they perform better than rest is in generating greater sustainable alternatives by using local resources frugally.
Partners
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad Meet the Indian Innovators Indian innovators solve problems creatively and generate greater sustainable alternatives by using local resources frugally. Those who see poor only as the consumer of cheap goods, miss the knowledge richness at grassroots level. The Network believes that a knowledge system in order to become sustainable has to be both just and fair. Hence, while collecting knowledge from the knowledge holder, the Network has made it a norm to acknowledge the knowledge provider with name and reference, if
otherwise not desired by the knowledge provider. This particular practice has come handy in protecting the IPR of the knowledge provider. Finally, any proceed that accrues from the value addition of local traditional knowledge and innovation; a fair and reasonable share must go back to the knowledge holders. These have been the guiding principles of the Network, which are fundamental to the functioning of the network and constitute the major non-negotiable for the Network.
Introduction
A water cooler made by an innovator is used in the NIF Office. True to their brand.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad Mission To help India become an inventive and creative society and a global leader in sustainable technologies without social and economic handicaps affecting evolution and diffusion of green grassroots innovations.
Five major departments of NIF are:
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Project Objective and Outcome MIT Institute Of Design, Pune My learning in 4 years Problem solving approach Research Communicate ideas
Mitika Kabra, 9th Semester Product Design Student From MIT ID Needed to develop on: Detailing of Design
National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad Working with real things Fabrication
Project outcome Tangibles A step forward in analysing an innovator’s concept of utensil washing with a prototype and trials
Cost consideration,
Another Sink concept tried and flaws noted for further improvements.
Time Management
Directions for future solution
Manufacturabity,
Sketches that resolve
Trials and testing
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Introduction
Working inside- out
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Acknowledgements I am a part of all whom I’ve met. -Anonymous
For the Project I thank my maid Shobha and her alike,for triggering this need. While teaching her kids at home, a realization dawned on me that, with next-gen getting literate, soon we will be left with cleaning our own utensils and hence a need for a vessel cleaner. I am thankful to Dr. Vipin kumar, chief Innovation officer of National Innovation Foundation and Mr. Rakeshji Maheshwari, my industrial guide, for this project. Their approach of trusting novices like me, leaving all the implementation decision- making on me, under their broad (not day to day) supervision was a management lesson learnt. Whatever materials I wanted, was provided for, no questions asked, trusting my instinct. I am also thankful to Harish Dangwal and colleagues, who
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helped me solve all the WHY’s of dishwasher; Nazim bhai, innovator turned fabricator and Javed bhai, employee; I C Gajjar, Nilesh Shah for technical help; Nita Aunty for gathering people to interview; Balram and Lakshman bhai for helping me conduct trials; Udhaya for his quirky questions on the project Electrician uncle, Ashwin plumber, Shailesh Pal- innovator; “bais” of Satellite complex and the interviewees for giving me their time and inputs; Chirag Parmar, Priyanka Mistry and my MIT friends for their support.
approached them. During this project, I came across many “unqualified people’’- from our definition of education system, and realized their LEs (Life’s education’s) “applied knowledge” is far superior to BEs (“bookish one”) which we get in our formal education system. I admire Professor Anil Gupta and his team for making the world more aware about such heuristics. Finally, I’m what I’m because of my parents, who encourage me to experiment the unknowns and boost me whenever required.
Overall I would like to thank Professors Sanjay Jain, Dhimant Panchal and Gaurang Shah for sowing the seeds of holistic problem solving; Professor Sanjay Jain for his guidance. Harshit Desai Sir, Amit Deshmukh Sir for their quick feedbacks whenever I
- Mitika
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Internship Time line July 2012 - Jan 2013 / Flow of Project
July
Jan
Finalization of topic User + Technical Feedback on concepts
Research on users and parallel products. Concept Generation Innovator’s Concept redeveloping + fabrication
Trials on Weighing Finalizing innovator’s concept all Sink concept concepts + Detailing + Fabrication
Conducting Trials
Introduction
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 2
General Scenario
Deep dive in the Utensil cleaning scenario in India and world wide
General Brief What ?
‘A utensil cleaning aid for Indian homes’. Why this project ? As everyone’s climbing a step forward towards progress, it has been observed that the facility of domestic labour is fast reducing and becoming unaffordable for many in India.
This Project at NIF... Most of the innovations at NIF are functionally tested and then further processed for design intervention to improve aesthetics , safety, ergonomics etc. I wanted to start with an individual understanding of the need and scenario the innovation is trying to solve. So, a broad area of domestic utensil cleaning aid was chosen by me. The innovations at NIF were utensil washer cum clothes washer and some children’s ideas on the same topic .
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
General Scenario Where Are Utensils Cleaned ?
In urban cities - the sink in the kitchen near which the soiled utensils are kept. Some people keep them in the area below the sink.
In some cities and villages - wash area outside the kitchen, like balcony, where one sits and washes utensils.
When Are Utensils Cleaned ?
- Maids generally come twice a day to wash utensils and dry them.
- Some important utensils like knives, tongs, kadhai are washed immediately after using for next use.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
General Scenario
- Majority of city home’s dinner utensils are washed next day morning by maid.
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General Scenario How Are Utensils Cleaned ? -Strongly associated with water and manual work of lower economic class.
General task flow
Soak
18
Scrub with soap
Rinse
Self dry + wipe
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 3.1
User Research
Observe the task Observed 8 homes, 2 hotels, 1 mess, 1 villager Do-it -yourself to get the feel Washed common utensils for 1 month+ and keep doing it now and then Understand people’s views on the same. Conversed with 25+ people of different age groups who wash the utensils themselves, have maids, have dishwashers. + maids Analysis Noted where can there be more optimization, their PAIN AREAS AND PRODUCT OPPORTUNITIES Insights
Observation Different Ways of Manual Utensil Cleaning
1
2
3
Wash under a running tap Scrub with mud/ ash and minimal water
Soap and water are used extensively. Lesser effort is required
Scrub with sand Water is used to just rinse the foodsoiled mud particles. More manual force is required.
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Soak and Scrub with soap water
Rinse
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Observation Steps to clean utensils with less water
1
3
2
Soak utensils in water as it does not dry the food particles, makes it easier to wash even after a gap.
Scrub with soap
4
Rinse with water
6
5
7
Some rinsed water goes back to the tub
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User Research
Refill fresh water if needed
Wash the cooker last as it requires a different rigorous cleaning , it occupies more space
Clean the cleaning tub and place finally !!
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Observation
Fixing the utensil with hand and then applying scrubbing force reduces effort. Rotating the utensil for lesser change in hand movement and easy access to the part. Subconsciously with some pattern we geometrically cover the entire surface !! To check the cleanliness of the utensil, we use our sense of sight and touch. Bacteria can still be on the utensil though.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Observed some peculiarities... Strainer turns food collector
User Research
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Points covered while interviewing people Pattern Of Washing Utensils All together or as they come. The way they are kept General notion of washing utensils/ clean utensils/ fights with bais Leftover food in plates How do they keep the plates Do they segregate materialwise,sizewise etc. How much time it is left unwashed Kind of detergents they use, consumption, bai salary for washing clothes and utensils Hassles with bai etc. Areas where dirt collects particularly Difference in soaps of different companies How do they wash Keep them to dry Arrange them Check if it is washed well- eyes and finger touch. Approach towards housework and exercise What housework do they prefer? Why? Why Clothes / Utensils dislike? Do they feel fit and healthy? Do they mind doing housework? Sweeping? Do they believe in housework through exercise? Do they believe in doing their own work?
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Organic waste kept separate
Crockery is kept separately haldi stains near bolts
Difficult areas in vessels: where fingers don’t reach easily
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Points covered while interviewing people The Bai Effect Suppose the bai does not come today, will the cooking items change, method of cooking or number of utensils change? Views on Utensil Washer Which utensils would they want in the dishwasher? What size of dishwasher can they accommodate at home? For what cost? Fully automatic or an aid? Quantity of vessels How many utensils do you have for dinner or lunch? In a day.
2x User Research
= Average utensils required by a family of 2 in a day
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Analysis Food Soil And its Removal
Food
Adhesive force
Vessel Food is removed by applying a stronger force against the adhesion. - Muscular - Force of water - Force of air - Chemical force of soapy water -Chemical force of Heat
+
Food Vessel
Water molecule
Soap molecule +
Soap provides stronger Adhesive force
Chemical force of soapy water
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Analysis Why don’t people do the utensils themselves ?
- notion that it’s not my work and there is someone available to do it.. Apart from the notion,the Strain is due to: 1- the quantity of utensils to be cleaned daily 2- standing, repetitive rotation action of the wrist, force required to scrub certain utensils, put hands in detergent water for such long time.
Pleasant
Tolerable
Low economic strata
Quantity; Frequency
Intolerable
Rest of the economic strata
Daily
3- Time/ other priorities.
With servants doing the task,
Quantity; Frequency
+ One doesn’t have to bother about the vessels + Ensure manual cleaning + He does other house work as well
The facility of domestic labour is fast reducing and becoming unaffordable for many in India.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Analysis
- Timing issues, may not come at night for utensils - Not regular - Does not clean well - Charges a bomb - Everyday arguments
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We have ‘n’ options with us... Get involved ourselves
Reduce the quantity of utensils Quantity of utensils used Eating Utensils
Hire other needy people
Reduce the time and physical strain or discomfort while cleaning utensils.
Preparing utensils
No. of people eating in a home
Make Individuals wash own utensil.
Machine washes the rest
...keeping our scarce energy and water resources in mind. 28
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Design Directions: Reduce the quantity of utensils Utensils that we have food in - Grow banana trees or trees whose leaves are big enough in locality- leaves as plates - Disposable vessels - bageese, areca nut, plastic - Tablet food - Food becomes the vessel Utensils in which we prepare food Food habits are already changing, Indians no more make elaborate meals daily.
Make Individuals wash own utensil
Reduce the time and physical strain or discomfort while cleaning utensils. Cleaning aids Semi- automatic machines Automatic machines Shift to materials that are easy to clean Glass, porcelain, plastic so if not atleast are cleaned with ease unless Indians take up microwave- like cooking The way we eat: eating the last morsel of food too, so that there is less water used to remove the food from the utensil.
[Not explored in this project] Understand human psyche, cultural, social aspects
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Analysis
If the person before me has washed the utensils himself, I’m somehow obliged to do it.
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It was decided to first work on,
Reduce the time and physical strain or discomfort while cleaning utensils.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
People said... Inference
Quantity of utensils in 1 sight Messed up sink vs sink in which same quantity of utensils are kept neatly
If I wash some utensils then and there,it is not so much of a hassle than when all the utensils are piled up near the sink. Whatever utensils it claims to clean it should clean well. The machine should clean all utensils If I have packed food from out, I would clean the plates myself, never keep a maid.
There is no space at home even for the washing machine, I move it everyday, in and out.
Forget machines, I can’t trust a bai. I do some work myself.
The problem is more with preparation utensils.
No compromise on cleaning
Space optimizing
Analysis
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Target Group - Working Middle - income group - Mostly live in cities - Have time deficiency for home chores. ...as they are the ones who would need the aid the most as they may not be able to afford high payment for labour.
Key points
Time Daily usage Total Cost, including electricity,water Physical effort Hygiene
User Preferences An aid that... [1- most preferred] A Cleans vessels and Suffices Indian food 1 stains
B 1
C 7
D 1
Merges into their daily task, not a new 2 hassle Occupies least space 5 Has low maintenance 3 Has low electricity consumption 6 Is cost- efficient 4 Scrubs for the finicky Indian 8 Uses less water 7
2
1
7
6 7 4 5 8 3
2 3 4 6 8 5
3 6 4 2 8 5
How many vessels at a time Cook how many times in a day Age Gender No. of members in fly food preparation
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3 28 F 2
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
2530 3 47 F 4
User personas Rohit Sengupta Age 25 Works in the Bank Bachelor, Stays in a rented apartment
Sushma thakkar Age38 Initially Joint family but now nuclear with 2 kids
Tasks with utensils: Prepares 3 meals a day Dal, subzi, paratha, dahi etc Warms food bought from outside.
Tasks with utensils: Prepares dinner- khichdi, makes coffee, and sometimes tries to make some other dish that needs less work but is tasty.
Tasks with Utensils: Prepares 3 meals a day + evening snacks. Multi - tasks, manages her home quite efficiently and in an organized manner. Is very particular about cleanliness.
New to cooking. Is trying to multi- task housework, in the process food burns, milk overflows. She wants to maintain strict hygiene. She comes home exhausted and needs to spend some time with her 2 year old son. Her husband helps her in home chores.
Feels lazy to wash utensils right after eating food, he soaks it in water and washes later. Is not very hygiene conscious
Ritika Sharma Age 28 Government job Family of 2
‘‘Too much to handle ‘‘
‘‘A machine that cleans utensils-sounds good It should wash well, if it does I don’t mind paying a little extra. It is OK if it cleans normal soiled utensils and not the greasy kadhai.’’
‘‘It should be able to clean the greasy stuff as that is more pressing than normal cutlery’’
‘‘It’s so boring to wash utensils after having dinner’’
Will not work in India, our food is spicy and oily. We mostly use steel utensils, if somehow a brush is attached it may work. Apne bade bartan usme ghusege bhi nahi- paraat, chakla. Dinner utensils are cleaned by maid next day morning, she soaks them
‘‘Can’t manage the quantity of utensils used daily.’’
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Analysis
‘‘If I didn’t have to prepare food at home and only eat, I would not need a bai for utensils.’’ 33
Insights Indian homes Utensil Specific
General
- Preparation vessels are nearly fixed [and many] irrespective of how many people are eating but changes if the maid is not coming that day.
- Overuse everything
- Want very clean utensils, will not settle for less. - Do not trust machines for cleaning utensils. - The concept of ‘jhootha’, not mixing vessels we cook in with eating vessels as a matter of hygiene. - Quantity of utensils in 1 sight Messed up sink vs sink in which same quantity of utensils are kept neatly make a psychological difference to the task
- Will tweak like adding lemon juice, vinegar etc. to clean oily stuff. - Have less space at home and more things in it. - Was a very sustainable society, no more, now food is wasted. - Are very attached to certain utensils
- Some people, neatly stack utensils to be washed. - People would prefer a complete utensil cleaner ranging below 10,000/-, than an aid for Rs. 4000 - 5000/-, OR Atleast 1 category or vessels eating or preparing be taken care of, more so the preparing ones.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Kitchen tasks Time spent in different kitchen activities Path followed in the kitchen to reach the washing area.1
Analysis
1
Neufert Architect’s Data
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Utensil Dimensions & Ratio of width to depth of utensils Material c [in cm]
1 Bhaguna 2 ̈ ̈ 3 ̈ ̈ ̈ ̈ 4 ̈ ̈ 5 ̈ ̈
Al Al Al
23.5 24.3 22
b [in cm] height/ depth 11 10.7 10
Steel Steel
17.7 15.2
9.4 7.8
1.88 1.94
6 7 8
13.5 17.4 15.4
9.3 9 8.8
1.45 1.93 1.75
20
8.5
9
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̈
̈ ̈
̈ ̈
̈
Steel
̈
Steel Steel Steel
̈
c:b
2.13 2.27 2.2
1 : 2 - c : b ratio c a b
c a b
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Utensil Dimensions Dimensions & Ratio of utensil with respect to 1 another
c a
c a
b
b c1 24.5 17.7
c2 23.5 15.2
c1 : c2 1.03 1.16
17.4 15.4
15.4 13.5
1.12 1.14
b1 11 9.4
b2 10.8 7.8
b1: b2 1.01 1.2
9 8.8
8.8 8.8
1.02 1
c a
b
1.1
1.01
Analysis
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Utensil Dimensions & Ratio of width to depth of utensils
6.8 21.5 23 26.5 15 26 34.5 35.5
9.5 20 5 7.5 5 8.5 1.5
0.17 1.075 4.6 3.5 26.5 cm 7.5 -8 cm
Glass Steel Cooker Steel Kadhai Kadhai Spoon Spoon 15 Plate 16 Rolling pin
20 cm
10 11 12 13 14
22.5 cm
30- 34 cm
30- 34 cm
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 3.2
Parallel Products
Parallel products Study Studied the dishwasher with the help of some technicians, searched concepts worldover Other parallel products/ Concepts Commercial Dishwashers How nature manages cleaning
Machine Cleaning- Dishwasher In a dishwasher, utensils are cleaned automatically as water is forced from the pump through the spray arm which
[ Refer Annexure for details]
sprays water on the utensils placed above it. Timer controlled hot water, detergent, rinsing and drying cycles are
set on automation.
Spray arm- Floor 1 Utensils stacked
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Motor pump
Spray arm- Ground floor
Sump- water container
Filter
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Pain points and opportunities in Dishwasher As a product:
As a product for Indians:
A dishwasher has too many mechanisms put together to work well.
Overall Indians do not trust a machine to be good enough to clean their utensils.
Rinseaid alternatives need to be found out as they are not safe.
‘‘Cleaning without scrubbing is no cleaning‘‘ is their say.
Uses less water as it recycles Takes 90- 120 minutes around. The cleaning process depends on water reaching all faces of the utensils placed., it is random in a sense. To reduce this randomness the water is sprayed a number of times to ensure cleaning. Can there be something better?
Indians rarely look at them as an option except for the showcase value it has because: They have a cheaper and one stop solution. Mostly people who have returned from abroad use it in India. They do not use it daily, but when the servant is not there or when there are too many utensils. Loading and unloading utensils is a task. It is not convenient ergonomically.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Parallel Products
Smaller issues - 1st investment - Increased time to clean - Electricity - Hassle of pre cleaning utensils - Maintenance - Costly detergents, not readily available - Space it requires
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Parallel products worldover Portable Dishwashers
These models sit on the counter top, hooking up to a sink faucet and take good loads.
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1
2
Good for youth Basic daily requirements fulfilled for 2 persons Portable
Compact Space well utilized Portable Have to connect it every time Will not work in Indian homes
3
4
Homes don’t have the space Space well utilized for it. Portable. Saves on energy.
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Parallel products worldover Cleaning Aids
1
2
Gloves that one can put on before washing utensils to protect our hands from constant contact with detergent water.
A device in which plates have to be put individually and rotated in the frame, the mat of brush cleans the plate then it can be rinsed separately. It has attachments for cleaning glasses etc.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Parallel Products
http://www.groupon.my/deals/national-deal/store4online/716468406
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Parallel Concepts
1
4
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2
5
3
Pure Washer by Tatjana Voronova is a rotating dual kitchen sink and detergentfree compact dishwasher that reduces water consumption and uses degassed water to remove oily dirt from dishes. There is no need to wait until the appliance is full and, since the dishes are put in while still fresh, it only takes a couple of minutes to clean them.
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Commercial Utensil Cleaning 1
Three sinks are usually used in manual pot washing method. Sink 1: for washing the soiled utensils such as the dishes, glassware, etc., and it contains water plus a soap solution. Sink 2: for rinsing the washed utensils, and it contains hot water. Sink 3: for sanitizing the washed and rinsed utensils. The last sink contains water plus a sanitizer solution, which is usually 100 ppm of chlorine.
2
Parallel Products
IIM mess- Conveyor machine
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Nature’s Cleaning Systems
Sun’s heat that kills the bacteria
Flowing River
Digestive system
Dewdrops on leaves
Osmosis Rains that clean the roads
Forces of the 5 elements of nature !
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 4
Concept triggers
Design Criteria Different possible ways of cleaning Concepts
Design Criteria An aid that... - cleans Indian food soiled vessels - Merges into their daily task, not a new hassle, convenient, ready to use - Has low maintenance - Is cost- efficient - Has low electricity consumption - Scrubs for the finicky Indian - Occupies least space - Uses less water
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Different possible ways of cleaning Applying pressure by:
Air Water Hot air Hot water Frictional force
Ultrasonic cleaning Degassing water Sand blasting
Concept Triggers
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Concept 1 A bigger scrub for the preparation utensils +Time is reduced +Effort is reduced -Manual cleaning of each utensil - Will be more heavy as it would soak more water
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Concept 2 Sink that allows soaking of stacked utensils in a hygienic manner so that washing utensils becomes easy. - Hot water soaking through tap, stop valve at easy access, maybe a timer to open the stop valve. -If possible 180 degree rotation of utensil or some way to wet the other half side of utensils.[ That means locking of utensils which is not easy]
Concept Triggers
Half cylinder soaked in water and then turned upside down [or maybe like CD rack]
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Concept 3 Jet spray attached to sink tap Water is sprayed by hand to utensils placed in the rack in the sink. + Low cost + Reduces the effort of atleast Rinsing the utensils + Can clean plates well, but vessels that have a depth to it will have to be handled individually
Jetspray attached to sink tap at home to test if it makes the task easier.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Concept 4 A fixed scrubber that operates on electricity -Time will increase -Manually placing of each utensil
4] Tap has an attachable spray arm which sprays water to utensils in the rack- either utensils need to be turned or some attachment to clean the utensils from out and in.
Concept Triggers
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Concept 5 Attachment to the sink tap to spray water all over. - Reduce on space, material to minimum - Merges in the tasks of kitchen easily - Will sell as ‘sink that washes vessels’
Trial
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
5. More trials
Hot water + pump pressure
Hot water less pressure Hot water + 1 floor pressure
Concept Triggers
Inference: Sight - pressurized water Touch - detergent Smell - hot water, as the mechanical action is not as strong as manual scrubbing
Better nozzle
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Concept 6 Sink that cleans dishes
+ Space and cost saving - Kadhais etc may not be cleaned in the present form
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Concept 7,8. A silicone structure in which the utensils get fixed and the structure vibrates thus forms a scrubbing action, also rotates.
Cake like dispenser, with utensils static and water getting sprayed from all sides
Concept Triggers
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Concept 9 Spray technology in a compact form
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Concept 10 Dishes sprayed ; Rest brushed +17’’ x 17’’ X 28’’ size + Optimum water usage + Free space and structured space. To figure out: - Water directing mechanism - Cleaning the brush mechanism Non-stick material brush Comparison of size with washing machine and refrigerator
Concept Triggers
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 5
NIF Innovation/ Ideas
Analysing Ignite Competition entries on utensil cleaning Working on an Innovator’s idea - fabrication, testing, suggesting improvements
NIF’s Ignite Entries + Innovator’s concept Ignite
Grassroot innovator
NIF organizes annual Ignite Competition for children’s ideas, from all over the country, on any theme. The awardees get the ideas patented in their names and are felicitated by Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam.
NIF organizes Competitions for grassroot innovations from all over the country, on any theme. The potential innovations are patented in the innovator’s names and are further commercialized for them, wherever possible.
NIF has a huge database of such ideas. Vessel cleaning ideas were collected and analysed for their potential. Ideas that have been analysed in this project are:
A Vessel cleaning innovation was analysed for this project.
Smart brush- clean both sides - by Adithi RK Siddhartha Gupta,
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Utensil cum Dishwasher - by Shailesh Pal, U.P, 26 yrs old, 1st year B.E fail -three attempts, had illness
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
“More than the tangible aspects of innovations, it is the intangible aspect of the process, the heuristic and the spirit underlying innovations which needs to be learnt from.� - Anil K Gupta
NIF Innovations
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Ignite Entries Analysis Brush-Clean Both Sides Smartly
Diagram sent by Adithi
Idea by Adithi R K, 11 yrs old Ullal, Mangalore
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Positives + Follows the scrubbing notion of Indians to clean utensils + There is more probability of cleaning well as both sides of the utensil are taken care of in 1 step. [plates] + Slope ensures natural movement of dishes to go down the conveyor.
Negatives - Separate cleaner for plates and pots and glasses, should/can we combine? - The machine seems too big, can it be made smaller - How would the brushes be cleaned ? - Soap dispensing needs to be thought of
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ignite Entries Analysis Hand Mixer-Like Hand Scrubber Idea by Siddhartha Gupta, Pune
Will mainly cater to the difficult- stained vessels. Positives + Scrubbing notion satisfied + Good for kadhai type vessels + Avoids direct contact of hands with brush + Electrically operated
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
NIF Innovations
Negatives - Time taken would be more - Currently each utensil needs to be washed separately - Fatigue due to vibration of machine will be there, even though electrical
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Ignite Entries Analysis Hand safe Cleaning device Idea by R G Janani, 7th Std Kalpakkam
Positives + Don’t get spoilt + Low cost +Well detailed mock up - Slow process, one utensil at a time
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
More Ignite Ideas
NIF Innovations
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Innovator- Washing machine cum utensil washing The idea:
Fixed utensils are revolved in soap water at around 120 rpm. Striking force of water on utensils and friction between water and utensil along with centripetal force help in cleaning. The underlying principle is Work done = F.d. cos θ.
Sketch made by him
Model made by innovator,Shailesh Pal in UP 68
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Innovator- Washing machine cum utensil washing machine A machine that washes clothes and utensils both . The advantage is that it saves space at user’s home.
Washes clothes
Motor, rotating drum Water
Washes utensils
- Both washing areas can’t be merged, not acceptable by users - Different Detergent - Different kind of stains - Clothes and utensils- different materials- hence separate r.p.m - Utensils need to be fixed tightly in the drum
What’s common ?
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
NIF Innovations
Hence, it was decided to work on the machine considering it a utensil washing machine alone. 69
Innovator’s concept, remade in more convenient dimension to validate at NIF
Fab lab to test it.
Initial with shaft running through the drum
This arrangement of utensils works for plates and flat utensils but not deep vessels like kadhai and bhagunas.
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Modified - shaft at two ends for more space inside the drum
Arrangement of utensils planned
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Trial Observations for the prototype made based on innovator’s concept Trial No.
1
Drum Rotation
Detergent Used
Utensil orientation
MechaniNormalcal at 60 sudding rpm Plate
2
Fixed utensils
Motorized at less than 60 rpm
Washing soda + Citric Acid
Plate
Clean by Smell
Normally
No
No
No
Tightly
Yes
Satisfactory
No
Deep bowl
Deep bowl
NIF Innovations
Plate
Utensil Clean Clean by by Touch Sight
Small bowl
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Trial 1 Mechanical rotation at 60 rpm in normal detergent water
Test on soiled plates
Plate with hotel food stains
Test on soiled cooking bowls
Big Bowl with Besan stains 72
Cleanliness factors Sight Not Satisfactory Touch Not Satisfactory Smell Not Satisfactory
On 2nd minute/round of cleaning
On 2nd minute of cleaning
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Trial 2 Motorized rotation at less than 60 rpm in washing soda [antisudsing -Rs 7/-] and citric acid water [50 gm - Rs.12/-] and tightly fixed utensils.
Cleanliness factors Sight Satisfactory Touch Satisfactory Smell Not Satisfactory
NIF Innovations
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Trial 3 - Distancing Between utensils
’’ 3.75 ’ 1.5’
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The machine gives good results but with a cost- Cost of excessive water [volume of the container], - Electricity [power to move the Observation: 3.75 distanced part got utensils and the container against cleaned well. Utensils water makes a little less efficient] with more depth need - Each utensil has to be fixed tightly - When more utensils are placed, the more distancing. cleaning effect may reduce. - More the energy put in ,it takes Soaking the utenlesser time to clean. sils cleans most of - The size needs to be more user the food, not the oil acceptable though...
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Design Improvements suggested in the innovator’s machine
1. Change in tub form to reduce water consumption Current
Suggested
Water Saved
2. Fixing of Utensils
3 Stepper motor changes direction of movement to clean more utensils in lesser space
NIF Innovations
3. Arrangement of Utensils + Stepper motor to maximize cleaning in smaller space.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Some Inferences To loosen the dirt Soak Apply pressure
To remove the oiliness
In order to optimize resources and provide convenience; scrubbing mechanism should be used only where needed i.e. for kadhais etc. Rest of the utensils can be washed with simpler technique like spray technology.
Soap Degas water
To use less water
Mechanizing the entire process does not make efficiency sense at domestic level.
Scrub well Apply pressure appropriately
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Ch 6
Final Concept
Evaluation of concepts and benchmarking Final Concept - Sink Maid Detailing of the concept Prototype fabrication to take trials Trials taken, Analysed and concluded
Comparison between concepts
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Concepts
Action
Water consumption
Electrical consumption[ load] Wt of utensil + jaali+ shaft holding them
Vessels fixed yet move
Fixed spray + brush
Less
Vessels move yet fixed
Water force
High; can ex- Wt of utensil periment with + jaali+ shaft less holding them + friction of water; detergent
Sink+ spray
Water force + detergent action + hot water
Low
Brush + spray
Brush for kadhai; rest spray
Water pump+ hot water + automation of cycles
Vessels cleaned
Maintenance
Space
Issues to resolve
Cost
Brush will have to be removed n cleaned/ replaced Yes
Low as very few parts are there
Low
Least
Water consumption, fixing of utensils and making their jaali, checking food grade quality of detergent Cleaning of kadhai etc, arranging utensils in the sink so that max. no. of utensils are cleaned.
Not very low
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Less, as material of body is saved
Concept taken forward : The Sink Maid The concept of using the dishwasher technology in the sink to make it more convenient for the intended target group of working people in cities, who have less time for home chores.
Final Concept
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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What ?
Sink Maid
Sink analogous to body of dishwasher Quantity reduced Ergonomic Convenience to load utensils
Regular Dishwasher
Why was it finalized? Convenience Will take lesser time Ideal for small family, working couple. Less space Less cost When not on washing mode, the sink can be used for all other purposes like washing vegetables etc. This water will go to the drainage.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
How Sink ?
Sink used for:
Factors to Consider
washing hands, Light rinsing Garbage disposal, For cleaning vegetables Washing dishes by hand
Material – Stainless steel, cast iron, composite granite, solid surface, cast acrylic, fireclay and copper.
The only limitations are the location and size of the cabinet in which a new sink will be installed. Average bowl depth is 8 to 10 inches.
•Configuration – Shape, size,
number of bowls, bowl orientation
•Mounting – Drop-In, Under mount, Solid Surface and Tile-In.
Mounting
Integral sinks
Final Concept
Under mount Sink
Drop-in sinks
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Important kitchen dimensions r
rifie
pu ater
W or, To t a r ts ge efri g poin R o T lu er p oth
cm
90 cm
42.5
8-10’’ / 20 -25.4 cm
1
9
’’ /
4
7.
5
c
m
15 ‘‘ /
25 -30 cm
m
70 c
60 -
Water connection Electrical connection
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Arrangement of utensils
Ease of Access to all types of utensil placements Wave pattern in jaali will make it appealing
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Ergonomics
Placement of utensils [ refer Pg 36- 38 for utensil dimensions]
14’’
12’’
Cover 4’’ 12’’
19’’
9’’
Plate Sink
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
The Sink Maid
The machine parts are below the sink
Final Concept
The other basket can be loaded when the machine is covered and in operation
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Parts in the sink
3 Detachable parts
Utensil basket attached with spray arm Two filters - for maintenance Detailing of detachable sprayarm connection with sink- Press and rotate Sink can be used for its normal purpose when machine is not ON. Cover
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Steps to follow
Removable Utensil basket placed in the Soiled utensils kept in it as and when one sink attached to which is the spray arm at eats the bottom
Once the basket is completely loaded, one can put the cover and start the machine
Final Concept
What happens after this is pretty much the dishwasher technology cleaning.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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How it works
Inflow
Outflow
Sink
Sinkk
Spray arm
Spray arm Tap water supply
Tap water supply Water container Heater
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Pump
Solenoid valve
Filter To Recycle Water container Heater
To Drain Pump
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Solenoid valve
Placement of Dishwasher technical Parts Concept 1 : Two containers
Water Recycling Container
Fresh water Container
Concept 2 : One container - Finalized
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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The working model assembled
Platform top level
Working model-
Transparent part is a representation of the sink
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Scope for improvement in overall concept + design - It reduces space in the sink. - Visual block on sink floor - Cleaning vegetable provision/ filling water. - People buy new sink only when they make new kitchen. - Time factor x 2 as all vessels would need 2 loads on an average - Small utensils should not come out of jaali. - Hole size of spray arm can be decreased - Detergent placement - Choke/overflow from filter section - ensure inflow and outflow rate.
- Can clean half loads. - Can’t clean paraat, rolling pin, very greasy kadhai as they require more rigorous cleaning. - Preparatory vessels are more than eating utensils to which this machine will cater partially. - One cannot use the sink when the machine is ON.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Parts of the working model
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Water is passed through solenoid valve
Heater ONs
Solenoid valves to direct hot and cold water to the pump
Water passes through the pump to the spray arm in the sink
Outlet has 2 ways: 1 for drainage, 1 for recycling
Valve for letting water to recycle
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Trial 1 - 1st cycle of 15 minutes.
Water did not reach some parts of the utensils
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Trial 2 - 15 minute cycle- got cleaned well due to hot water Before Cleaning
After Cleaning
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Food stuck at the filter
Detergent put on cover
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Concept validation with prototype The utensil basket , sprayarm and the filter were kept in the sinks of 5 homes and the concept was explained. They said if something like this is Installed in their homes, they would put the utensils in the sink properly. But the sink space has reduced and a smooth sink now has a jaali basket which one is not used to seeing in the sink. 2 other homes had a very messy sink with utensils filling the entire sink space.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
User feedback on the concept prototype
Current Usage of sink
The machine is not for Users who have extreme quantity of utensils.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Inference from working model trials + Leakage was 90% solved and spray arm now moves well. Most parts had to be permanently sealed for leak proofness. + Feedback of users were taken. Concerns Machine works but complete utensil cleaning needs to be worked on. + At present water consumption needs to be reduced i.e. more optimal use of water is required – Through change in nozzle design or recycling well or something else. [around15-17 litres] + Recycled water is not food-free; some kind of filter or something needs to be added for that. This filter should not choke the pipe + Cleaning of vessels – oily steel ones need more detergent quantity [2 tbsp] and higher water temperature[ 40 degree +]. + Placement of utensils with respect to the flow of water through nozzles needs more experimentation. + Simplification in the sink connection
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Bill of Material
Part Part No. To be manufactured 1 2
Part Name
Bill of Material Specification/ Dimension
Sink Sink Cover
3 7
Utensil Basket Hopper Frame assembly
Standard Dishwasher parts 4 Dishwasher Sprayarm 5 Dishwasher Filter 6 Dishwasher Filter plate 6
Dishwasher Filter plate
8
Flow through heater
Quantity
Material
19 ‘’ (x) x 14’’ (y) x 1o’’ (z) [depth] 19’’ x 14’’ x 4’’ (depth)
1 1
19’’ x 14’’ x 5’’, rod Dia- 3 mm, 2 mm thick sheet-
2 1
S.S Transluscent ABS S.S ABS plastic
length- (y-1) = 13’’
2
ABS plastic
75 mm dia
1
Dishwasher part- 240mm x 24o mm perforation- open area -40 %, hole size- 0.062’’ x 0.093’’ Dishwasher part- 240mm x 24o mm perforation- open area -40 %, hole size- 0.062’’ x 0.093’’ Voltage 120VAC
1
Polypropylene + mesh Chrome plated plastic Chrome plated plastic
1
Manufacturing process
1
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Bill of Material
Part No.
Part Name
Specification/ Dimension
Quantity
9 10 11 12
Circulatory pump Drain valve Recycle valve Solenoid valves
40-60 watts, 120 Volt, Flow rate- to find 1’’ Dia 1’’ Dia 120VAC (60Hz) ,3/4 ‘’ Inlet Dia to 1/2’’ Outlet Dia, Flow pressure (psi), Flow rate (litre/min) to find
1 1 1 3
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Turbidity Sensor Temperature sensor Float valve Salt chamber Control Board Water inlet duct Delivery tube Fixtures Sink cover gasket Electronic power outputs Flow meter Detergent dispenser Door switch Water softener Plumbing pipes Water seal
23 24 25 26 27 28 100
Part
limiter - ambient temperature upto 70 C
1 1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Material
Manufacturing process
Ch 7 Conclusion Retrospection Key Learnings
In Retrospection A more efficient design would be : to place the
rack in the sink, use jetspray to do preliminary cleaning of eating utensils and use sprayarm for heavily soiled utensils. As manual checking of soil content would save on a lot of water. - Should have looked at the innovation and ideas more objectively noting the smallest positives and negatives and used my design skills to pick up the essence and package it in convenient forms.
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Key Learning Tangibles:
- Making mock-ups help in quick validation of the idea. - Fabricating things and taking proper trials give solid knowhow whether a concept would work or otherwise. Also User feedback is closer to reality as there is lesser ambiguity in the overall experience of the product - To keep in mind all the parts that together make a product. The importance of inside - out approach for form design for functional products.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Annexure Trials for SinkMaid Fabrication of innovator’s concept in home- convenient dimensions Fabrication of the working model parts of the Sink Maid Concept Dishwasher Information Orthographic views of Sinkmaid Concept
Annexure 1 - Trials on Sinkmaid Concept Trial 1
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Trial 2 - Soiled utensils
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Annexure 2 - Making the innovator’s concept in home- convenient dimensions at Gandhinagar Fabrication lab of NIF.
MS jaali formed to a Cylindrical drum
Trials Conducted
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Acrylic tub made.
Motor and cover fixed.
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Annexure 3- Fabrication of the working model parts of the Sink Maid Concept
Heat-forming the filter
Spot welding the utensil holder jaali to size
Gas welding the utensil holder to design + Plumbing + Fixing the electrical parts
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Annexure 4- Dishwasher Information Evolution of Dishwashers The first dishwashers were patented in about 1850, but, like machines for washing clothes, they were large contraptions that used steam power and supplies of heated water to soak many dishes at a time. In some models, the dishes were held on cradles that rocked through the water; others had paddles that sloshed water around the dishes or circular racks that held the dishes and rotated to circulate them through the water. An assortment of propellers, plunging casings bearing the dishes, and plungers that drove water over the dishes were incorporated in other machines. In 1875, C. E. Hope-Vere cre-
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ated a machine that directed sprays of water toward racked dishes; the idea of the water jets was adopted by other inventors including A. W. Bodell, whose model was introduced in 1906. Another, the Blick machine, used a propeller that sprayed jets of water over racks filled with dishes. This basic idea is the one used today. The first publicly displayed models were introduced in about 1915, but the dishwasher was not widely manufactured and sold to private families until about 1930. The dishwasher was not an immediate hit. The refrigerator was intro-
duced at about the same time and swept America; but this is logical because food preservation is far more important than dishwashing. The machines were also too inefficient to completely eliminate hand work; to be fair, this was not entirely the fault of the dishwashers— soaps of the day were not suited to the task. By the 1950s, special dish-washing soaps that clean without sudsing and rinse away began to be developed especially for dishwashers, and the public began to demonstrate more interest. The automatic dishwasher is still not an absolute in every kitchen,
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Dishwasher Basics Cold water fills at the reservoir at the bottom of the unit. When filled, heating coil begins to heat the water to a precise temperature set . pumps begin moving the water through the arms below the bottom and top racks. The force of the water moves the arms, which
sprays water forcefully over dishes. The cycles include an initial spray to get the dishes wet and remove loose food particles, a wash cycle during which soap releases and a rinse cycle.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Factors at work here: 1. The mechanical action of the sprayarm 2. The force and high temperature of the water. The velocity with which water is distributed in the dishwasher provides the scrubbing action to loosen and remove soil.
3. The chemical action of the detergent and rinse agent 4. The user; there’s a lot that could go wrong, unless done right!
Why spray arm ? It covers most of the area of utensils and helps maintain higher pressure compared to water nozzles all over the space Placement: Lower sprayarm optimizes the function. Inlet water pressure - 15 to 25 psi required
Satellite Sprayarm
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Hot water action on washing - Promote contaminant swelling - Sterilizes as temperature is 60-70째C whereas there is a hazard of bacteria when washing by hand
Principle of washing 1] Mechanical operation : Impact of water spray
2] Chemical operation: Remove
contaminants by using detergent. Detergent is absorbed into contaminants
Contaminant is swelled
Contaminant is separated
Solubilization Dissociation
Remove contaminants and detergents by rinsing aids
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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A special detergent+ rinse aid + water softener needed; altogether costing around Rs. 8oo per month if the machine is used twice daily
Detergent- anti- sudding as Suds cushion the mechanical cleaning action of the water and result in suds overflow from the machine. Some people make their detergent at home, abroad. Don’t sprinkle or pour detergent on flatware or other metals; spotting and pitting may occur.
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Rinse aid -for drying ability and taking care of water spots in dishwashers. It changes the surface tension of water in order to make it flow off utensils. A small amount of rinse aid changes the surface tension of a lot of water. There is no rinse cycle after rinse aid is dispensed. There is a risk of drinking rinse-aid ; something that changes surface tension of water ; water is largely present in our bodies.
Water Softener - for dissolving the salts present in hard water that flows through the taps to prevent salt deposition in machine parts.
Corrosion Inhibitor (sodium silicate) - helps protect machine parts, prevent the removal of china patterns and the corrosion of metals such as aluminium.
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Set the utensils appropriately;
Maintenance by user
cleaning, overhead tank- water pressure, recharge waFacing towards the sprayarm, and the most stainedFilter closest to ter softener, cavity cleanup- once in a 15 days depending on the arm usage
Service maintenance
Spray arm open[ once in 3 months]- bearing and nut , does not open full Clean water inlet valve- [ once in 3 months] - Everything technical is down and is difficult to trace., leakage etc.
Scraping and pre rinsing Scraping off large food particles. If dishes are loaded into the dishwasher and washed later, the “rinse-hold� cycle can be used. Extra heavily soiled cookware may need a rinse, soak or a pre-wash.
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Energy and water consumption The total volume of water used in a complete cycle can vary from 15-40 litres [as compared to handwashing that takes 60100 litres on average], depending on the number of washes and rinses included in that particular cycle.
Electricity - Rs. 20 per day Rs 600 per month + Rs 800 for the detergents= 1400/- month without mental harassment of maid ! Initial cost of Rs 23,000 - 30,000/-
Energy Performance (kwh/cycle) 1.28 kwh/cycle [amsung in- built model] Time- Around 2 hours 1 kwh- Rs. 4 - 5/- [June 2012]1 Electricity cost- Rs 17 per day assuming 3 hours of run
1 http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/electricityprices-hiked-in-delhi/1/202516.html
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Kuppersbusch company,USA
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Dishwasher assembly parts Tap
Flow Meter
3 Way divider Salt Chamber
Sump
Circulation Pump
Flow through Heater
Drain Pump
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Dishwasher
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
User Survey
Technical Expert’s Views on consumer issues
Survey in Japan Harish Dangwal, IFB Service Franchise, What inconveniences or problems do you have regarding dishwashAhmedabad ers? If you don’t use one, answer why you don’t, or why you don’t Total water consumed- 13 litres want to use. (Sample size=15,395, multiple answer)1 Per cycle 4 litres 2 pumps- circulatory 125 watt and drain Dishwasher users Non Dishwasher userspump- 30 watt Every 3 months, they use de scaling agents Place to put it 19.1% 65.8% Prewash- 18 minutes Cost to install 12.0% 51.0% Difficult to insert large or odd-shaped items 52.5% 22.4% His overview on consumers and their state of Not very effective washing small loads 30.4% 24.5% mind Expensive to buy special washing powder 22.2% 23.3% ‘‘Some products are show-case products- miThere’s items that it cannot wash 34.8% 16.7% crowave, dishwasher are that type in AhmedTakes effort to do the needed pre-washing 1.0% 2.0% abad. They are just there ; most of the people Water and power running costs 15.3% 22.9% use it rarely. That is not the case in Mumbai. Can’t wash a lot of items all in one go 32.7% 15.0% Difficult to clean the insides of the dishwasher 21.7% 16.2% People lack awareness, they feel electricity Handwashing produces better results 15.8% 16.1% bahut use hoga, bartan saaf nahi hoge etc. Takes time to wash 24.5% 8.2% Noisy 23.9% 8.3% Space is an issue in Mumbai. Even if you plan Difficult to get the items in and out 14.1% 4.5% your kitchen for the dishwasher, the platform Coloured items can lose their colour 10.1% 4.8% level will have to be raised which is Drainage blockages, etc are unhygienic 3.5% 5.5% inconvenient. Dishes can get broken 6.8% 3.6% Loading the machine in a proper way is also Other 2.6% 2.2% one issue, they feel that instead of loading Nothing in particular 9.9% 15.2% carefully might as well wash it. Detergent to salt ratio- 1:2. Rs. 500 per month for 1 wash per day. People should store atleast 1 Dishwashers in Japan 3 months detergent. As the product is niche By Ken Y-N ( March 31, 2009 at 00:14) • Filed under Hardware, Lifestyle, Polls ,we cant afford to keep a lot of stock. Electricity consumption- 1.5 unit/hour 119
Dishwasher Cannot Clean
Cooker stains Milk glass Rice starch stains Burnt food kadhai
Before
After Dishwashing
Aluminium Before
After Dishwashing
Due to high temperature and chemical use, the dishwasher cannot clean Aluminium, copper vessels Non stick wear Cast iron China (hand painted or antique) Crystal Cutlery Decorated glassware Plastics Silver Wooden items 120
Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Orthographic views of Sinkmaid Concept
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
Mitika Kabra / The Domestic Utensil Cleaning Project / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
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Mitika Kabra / Utensil Cleaning Aid For Indian Homes / National Innovation Foundation / MIT Institute Of Design / UGDPD 2008-2013
R3 2
1
2 R3
406.400
355.600
21 THRU ALL 37.640 13.400 90 THRU ALL 92 1
482.600 533.400
ITEM NO. PART NUMBER 1 Part1 - Copy
2
2째
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED: DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS SURFACE FINISH: TOLERANCES: LINEAR: ANGULAR: NAME
2
DEBUR AND BREAK SHARP EDGES
FINISH:
SIGNATURE
DESCRIPTION
DATE
DO NOT SCALE DRAWING
QTY. 1
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TITLE:
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MATERIAL:
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YP
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533.400
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406.400
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503
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LHS view
R7 0
Top view
Isometric view
20째
45째
3.90 0
3 100
R4
R30 Front view
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531
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U- angles
2
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bolts
4
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED: DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS SURFACE FINISH: TOLERANCES: LINEAR: ANGULAR: NAME
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FINISH:
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DESCRIPTION S.S rods for basket
DATE
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MATERIAL:
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rod long ones SHEET 1 OF 1
A4