My home is your home

My home is your home Mi casa es tu casa A brief presentation of my Country

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My country is in Europe, Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia

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Europe is composed by many countries. In Europe people speaks different languages as French , Spanish, Italian, Greek‌ Each country as its own history, traditions, way of life ‌

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Italy is a peninsula in the south of Europe and Friuli Venezia Giulia is placed in the North East of Italy

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The capital of Italy is Rome

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Friuli Venezia Giulia

Friuli-Venezia Giulia borders on Austria (North), Slovenia (East), Veneto (West) and the Adriatic Sea (South)

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Friuli Venezia Giulia

Following its conquest by the Romans, from the 6th century onwards the histories of Friuli and Venezia Giulia followed separate paths: Friuli passed from the Lombard Duchy to the Patriarchate of Aquileia to end up as part of the "Serenissima" Venetian Republic; while with Trieste, along with Gorizia, Venezia Giulia were pulled into the political sphere of the Habsburgs.

Most recently, while Friuli became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866 (Third War of Independence), Venezia Giulia only became part of Italy after the First World War. But the Second World War later led to the loss of a large part of Venezia Giulia, and Trieste was only to return to Italy definitively in 1954.

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Friuli Venezia Giulia: ethimology Friuli-Venezia Giulia: the name of this region derives from the original name of Cividale del Friuli, “Forum Iulii” (which in Latin means “Iulius Caesar’s Market”).

Since 1963 Friuli-Venezia Giulia has been one of the five Italian Regions with an autonomous government as a result of the many historic, ethnic and linguistic differences that have developed over the centuries

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Friuli Venezia Giulia: emigration

In the XIX and XX centuries, Friuli-Venezia Giulia frequently suffered the phenomenon of emigration. According to the different periods, a lot of people seeked their fortune abroad, especially those coming from poor areas (mountains). Sometimes they managed to recreate somekind of “colonies”, as they did in Argentina.

Nowadays the Friulan people living abroad meet at organizations like “Fogolârs Furlans”

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Friuli Venezia Giulia: morphology A famous italian writer, Ippolito Nievo, describes Friuli-Venezia Giulia as a "small compendium of the universe": this region infact has a rich geographical morphology, with broad plains along the coast to the south as well as hilly and mountainous areas.

From the Alps and Prealps of Carnia and Giulia‌

‌to the Adriatic sea

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Friuli Venezia Giulia: climate The region has two types of climate: Alpine in Carnia and mild in the plain.

The zone of Trieste suffers from violent and freezing north-eastern winds (“bora”). Precipitation is abundant.

The average temperature varies from 0° in January to 23° in July.

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Some famous places of FVG In a relatively small area the region embraces a variety of landscapes, beautiful cities, medieval villages, imposing castles and archaeological sites.

Let’s have a look at…

The Castle of Miramare (near Trieste), which was build for the Archduke Massimiliano D’Asburgo (lately to become Emperor of Mexico) and his wife Carlotta (1850).

Palmanova, a star-shaped town built by the Venetian Republic in the 16th century as a fortress against Turkish invasions, which still retains its original structure.

The archaeological area of Aquileia, with its Roman Forum, which is considered part of the Heritage of Mankind of UNESCO domenica 29 giugno 14

UDINE Udine is the most important city nearest to Cividale (20 km).

From the XIII century the town became the main city of Friuli

The pictures show Piazza della LibertĂ (Liberty square) considered one of the most harmonious venetian squares all over the world

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CIVIDALE: the name Cividale del Friuli is a nice medieval city located by the river Natisone.

The first name of the city was “Forum Julii”. In the VIII century, during the Frankish domination, the ancient name of the city was changed from Forum Julii to “Civitas Austriae” (City of the East) and later from Civitas into the present Cividale

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HISTORY: IPOGEO CELTICO Venetian and Celtic remains bear witness to ancient settlements, which existed before the presence of Romans.

One of these remains is the notable Celtic Hypogeum, a subterranean series of halls carved in the rock in ancient times, whose destination remains unclear: it may be used as either Celtic funerary monument or a Roman (Lombard) jail.

On the walls there are niches and bare benches, but the greater mystery is represented by three large masks, which maybe are funeral masks (300-100 b. C.)

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HISTORY: THE ROMANS Cividale was founded in Roman times around 50 BC by Julius Caesar and called “Forum Iulii”, which in Latin means “The market of Julius”. The city was located on the newly built Via Julia Augusta, which passed through Utina (the ancient name of Udine) on its way north.

Example of a roman mosaic

The statue of Julius Caesar in the center of Cividale

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LONGOBARDS Cividale was also chosen as capital by the Longobards (or Lombards) from northern Europe who lived here for more than two centuries from 568 B. C. After the Lombards were defeated by the Franks (VIII cent.), Cividale remained one of the most important centres of the region.

These are two examples of Longobard jewellery: a “fibula”, used for women clothes, and the gold cross called “Cross of Agisulfo”.

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Little Longobard Temple

Longobards enriched Cividale with an artistic and architectural heritage such as the famous little Longobard Temple, an extraordinary example of upper Middle Ages architecture and sculpture: included in the old Lombard quarter, it was probably used as Palatine Chapel by the Lombard dukes and king's functionaries

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Other two masterpieces of the Longobard sculpture: the baptistry of Callisto, an octagonal aedicule, adorned of wonderful sculptured decorations, that goes back to the half of VIII century; the altar of Ratchis, dedicated to the homonymous king of the Longobards, duke of Cividale: it is a parallelepiped in stone of the Carso richly decorated, considered one of the most important artistic manifestations of the high Middle Ages.

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Middle age In medieval times Cividale was the residence of Patriarch, the greatest power in the land, the absolute administrative and religious authority. From this period the city still retains some narrow strees and fashinating sightseeings.

A photo of the medieval house which still exists in Cividale. This house, which dates back to the second half of the XIV century, was once a goldsmith’s workshop

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THE CATHEDRAL The main church is the “Duomo of S. Maria� dating from the 15th century and containing paintings and sculptures from a variety of periods

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MUSEUM The National Archeological Museum, which houses archaeological Longobard remains and relevant medieval codes, is located in the Palazzo dei Provveditori Veneti (Venetian Superintendents’ Palace, XVI cent.) designed by the famous artist Andrea Palladio

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S ’ L E I V G E D RID B Cividale is situated on both banks of the river Natisone joined by the so-called “Devil’s bridge” (15th century, rebuilt in 1911).

According to the legend, the bridge was built by the Devil, who had requested in exchange the soul of the first person crossing it

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SOME VIEWS OF CIVIDALE

Two views of Natisone (the river) from “Belvedere”

The entrance of “Tempietto Longobardo”

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Streets and squares

The streets and squares of Cividale contain a wealth of interesting sights and buildings:

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Nowadays Cividale is a little city (12.000 ab.) and the historical centre is very small: as you can see, you may have a walk and enjoy all the places we have mentioned above

CCii vviidd TToo aa ddaa llee yy 8

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

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Devil’s bridge The Cathedral The Archaeological Museum The Municipal Palace The little Longobard Temple The Celtic Hypogeum The Medieval House The Convitto Nazionale “P. Diacono”

TRADITIONAL EVENTS MESSA DELLO SPADONE The traditional “Mass of the Sword” (Broadsword Mass) is a a peculiar and charming religious ceremony which takes place every year at Epiphany.

It celebrates the historical ceremony of Patriarch Marquardo von Randeck’s entry into the city (1366), featuring hundreds of partecipants in meticolous period costume

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TRADITIONAL EVENTS PALIO DI SAN DONATO

Another event rela,ng to the history of the city is the “Palio di San Donato” (The banner of Saint Donato). Named a@er the patron saint of Cividale, this ceremony is held annually on the 21st of August, with many people wearing medieval clothes.

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TRADITIONAL EVENTS - MITTELFEST

The Mittelfest is an important festival of prose, music, dance, poetry, visual arts, puppet shows and cinema. It takes place in Cividale during the summer and bring together the people of Central Europe

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Local products: GUBANA and WINE The so-called “Gubana” is the most famous cake, that has the shape of a snail, hiding inside a special and tasty filling

The quality of cuisine is well matched by the excellent wines of the “Colli Orientali del Friuli” – the eastern Friulian hills – like the rare “Picolit”, the “Ramandolo” and the “Schioppettino” a special wine obtained from an ancient local species of vine domenica 29 giugno 14

The famous San Daniele ham

Forra del Natisone

Surroundings of Cividale

Situated at the meeting point of the plain, the Alpine foothills and the hills of eastern Friuli, Cividale is surrounded by a particularly attractive natural environment

Mountain Matajur

Castelmonte

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FRIULAN LANGUAGE Apart from Italian, the Friulan language is spoken throughout the region of FRIULI-­‐VENEZIA GIULIA. Here are some examples of Friulan language: Mandi Cemut statu?

Mi clami ...

O soi furlan!

O ai 15 ains O soi content di sei vignût in ...

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Hi / Googdmorning / Goodbye How do you do?

My name is ...

I come from Friuli I’m 15 years old I’m glad to be here

University and Vocational system

Secondary school

Middle school

Primary school

Pre-primary school

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The Convitto Nazionale “Paolo Diacono” The National Boarding School “Convitto Nazionale Paolo Diacono” was founded in 1889 in Cividale del Friuli. The Convitto is a full board college with a Junior School, a Primary School and four Secondary Schools annexed to it. The Secondary Schools specialize in Classical Studies (focusing on ancient Greek and Latin languages), Scientific Studies (mainly Sciences, Phisics and Mathematics), Linguistic Studies (English, German and Russian languages) and Psycopedagogical Studies (Sociology, Psycology and Pedagogy).

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The students activities take place in four different buildings

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The Convitto is a boarding school . One hundred fifty students live here and some of them come from other countries (Australia, Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay, Panama ...)

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Il Rettore / the Principal The Rettore is the responsible of the boarding school and of the annexed schools.

His name is Oldino Cernoia.

He is the Principal of the Convitto from 1997

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