FINAL REPORT ANNA JULIA COOPER CENTER
I constantly felt (as I suppose many an ambitious girl has felt) a thumping from within unanswered by any beckoning from without. — Anna Julia Cooper
ANNA JULIA COOPER Anna Julia Cooper was already a well respected national figure in 1902, when she was named principal of M Street High School in Washington, DC. Widely regarded as a preeminent public intellectual and innovative educator, Cooper’s foundational black feminist text, A Voice from the South (1892) was a wholly unique contribution to American political theory. Cooper began her leadership of M Street School enthusiastically, quickly enhancing the institution’s academic reputation. During the first three years under her leadership, several young M Street School graduates were accepted into Ivy League universities.
Cooper’s notable accomplishments did not earn reward. Instead, Cooper’s success provoked the anger of white authorities and African American opponents. These powerful men preferred a vocational approach to education; an approach designed to reproduce the subordination of black students and communities rather than to liberate and empower them. The school board of Washington, DC used false, malicious charges to push Anna Julia Cooper out of leadership of M Street School. She resigned in 1906.
Though emotionally and financially wounded, Cooper continued her work. Many of her most notable successes came after being shoved out of M Street School. Cooper altered the shape of American history with her community activism, teaching, and writing. She went on to earn a PhD from the Sorbonne in Paris, becoming the fourth black American woman to earn a doctorate. In 1930, Cooper became president of Frelinghuysen University. In 2009, the US Postal Service recognized Cooper with a stamp and in 2010, her writing was was included in the United States passport. Few recall the names of the school board members who unsuccessfully sought to diminish her and destroy her work.
Bullies are always cowards at heart and may be credited with a pretty safe instinct in scenting their prey.
—Anna Julia Cooper
CONTENTS
I
ABOUT AJC CENTER
Timeline
II
FACILITATING INTERSECTIONAL RESEARCH
AJC Center Postdoctoral Fellow
AJC Center Director
III
DIVERSIFYING AMERICAN MEDIA
Reporting Across the Divide
IV
HIGHLIGHTING INTERSECTIONAL SCHOLARSHIP
Conferences and Events
V
CURRICULUM
2018-2019 Courses
VI
MAJOR INITIATIVES
Wake the Vote
AJC Center Freedom School
VII
APPENDIX
Final Financial Reporting
ABOUT AJC CENTER
From 2012-2019, the Anna Julia Cooper Center operated under the leadership of its founding director, Professor Melissa Harris-Perry. The Anna Julia Cooper Center supported, generated, and communicated innovative research at the intersections of gender, race, and place, sustaining relationships between partners in the Academy and in communities in order to ask new questions, reframe critical issues, and pursue equitable outcomes. In June 2019, the Anna Julia Cooper Center closed amid sustained institutional hostility.
March 2015: AJC Center submits five-year plan.
April 2015: AJC Center co-hosts along with Vanderbilt University a conference addressing Gender, Health and the South on Wake Forest campus.
February 2015: AJC Center hosts Jennifer Eberhardt as annual lecturer.
November 2015. AJC Center hosts national conference at the White House in partnership with the White House Council on Women and Girls. At this conference AJC Center launches the Collaborative to Advance Equity with $18 million in partnership commitments for research benefitting women and girls of color.
February 2016: AJC Center hosts Barbara Ransby as annual lecturer.
April 2016: AJC Center hosts first national Know Her Truths Conference at Wake Forest.
2016-2017: AJC Center launches Elle.com Scholars program with Hearst.
January 2017: First annual report of Collaborative to Advance Equity reports commitments have grown to $85 million for research benefitting women and girls of color
February 2017: AJC Center hosts Monique Morris as annual lecturer.
Summer 2017: AJC Center initiates CDF Freedom School on campus of Wake Forest University.
January 2018: AJC Center launches Black on Campus initiative with The Nation.
February 2018: AJC Center hosts Brittney Cooper as annual lecturer.
April 2018: AJC Center hosts second national Know Her Truths Conference.
August 2018: AJC Center submits “Building the Legacy” Report outlining how AJC Center has met and exceeded each of the goals proposed in 2015.
November 2018: Although she is the only faculty member associated with AJC Center, WFU provost office refuses to allow Professor Harris-Perry serve as principal investigator on NSF grant secured by the AJC Center. Provost office instead awards the principal investigator position to a faculty member not associated with AJC Center. This effectively steals AJC Center’s largest external grant.
January 2019: Following a public Martin Luther King Day address where Professor HarrisPerry makes critical comments about Wake Forest University, she receives an email from Provost Rogan Kersh stating Wake Forest University no longer welcomes the AJC Center as an university entity. The email offers Professor Harris-Perry nearly $200,000 to establish the center as an independent non-profit.
May 2019: Director Melissa Harris-Perry informs Wake Forest University that the Anna Julia Cooper Center will close as of June 30, 2019. To protect her academic freedom Director Harris-Perry refuses the offer of any funds.
SECTION II
FACILITATING INTERSECTIONAL RESEARCH
POSTDOCTORAL FELLOW Jessica Lynn Stewart joined the Anna Julia Cooper Center in July 2018, after completing her PhD in Political Science at The University of California, Los Angeles in American Politics and Race-Ethnicity. During her tenure as the final AJC Center post-doctoral fellow Stewart contributed to the scholarly life of the department of Politics and International Affairs; taught popular courses in American politics; published academic writing; and contributed to the profession. In Fall 2018, Dr. Stewart taught Introduction to American Politics and earned high marks in student evaluations. During Spring 2019, Dr Stewart joined Professor Melissa Harris-Perry to co-teach a Black Women’s Political Activism. In July 2019, Professor Stewart will join the faculty of Emory University as a tenure-track assistant professor. Stewart’s contributions to the Wake Forest campus, her success as a young scholar, and her growing professional reputation are consistent with the AJC Center post-doctoral fellows who precede her.
Publications during AJC fellow year Stewart, Jessica Lynn. (2018). Moving Up, Out, and Across the Country: Regional Differences in the Causes of Neighborhood Change and its Effect on African Americans. In Black Politics in Transition (pp. 203-234). Routledge.
Stewart, Jessica Lynn (2019) Discrimination against Latinas/os. In Jessica L. Lavariega Monforti (Ed.), Latinos in the American Political System: An Encyclopedia of Latinos as Voters, Candidates, and Office Holders. (pp.156-162) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, LLC
Professional presentations delivered during AJC fellow year
“Federal Policies And Spending Priorities Among Women In The United States” (co-authored w/ Lorrie Frasure-Yokley, Associate Professor UCLA)
(American Political Science Association Annual Meeting - Panel, September 2018)
“Race, Class, and the Space for Local Democracy: New Views, New Voices”
(American Political Science Association Annual Meeting- Theme Panel, September 2018)
“Running the Gauntlet: Recent Experiences on the Academic Job Market”
(American Political Science Association Annual Meeting- Roundtable, September 2018)
"Chronic Candidates: Understanding How Politicians Framed Support for Marijuana Legalization During the 2018 Midterm Election"
(National Conference of Black Political Scientists Annual Meeting - Panel March 2019)
“Residing While Black: How Neighborhood Quality and Access to Services Shapes Evaluations of the State for African Americans”
(Midwestern Political Science Association Annual Meeting - Panel, April 2019
It has been a pleasure serving as the 2018-2019 Anna Julia Cooper Center Post Doctoral Fellow. Teaching with Dr. Melissa Harris-Perry and having the opportunity to be mentored by her has been an invaluable contribution to my professional development. I was continually impressed by her dedication to her students and willingness to thoughtfully answer all of my questions in regards to a host of career concerns. One of the most spectacular features of my Anna Julia Cooper Center experience was being able to engage with Black women scholars and activists from across the country. In regards to the Wake Forest community at large, throughout my fellowship I felt welcomed, supported, and encouraged. My students were bright and eager to learn, while the staff was always helpful as I navigated and accessed resources. — Jessica Lynn Stewart, PhD
CENTER DIRECTOR Professor Melissa Harris-Perry continued to advance intersectional scholarship through her scholarly and popular writings and her public appearances and lectures. Throughout the 2018-2019 academic year Professor HarrisPerry continued to elevate the profile and amplify the national impact of the Anna Julia Cooper Center. Her work was acknowledged by several prestigious awards this academic year, including an honorary doctorate from Ithaca College.
Publications “Grown Women: A Conversation about Coming of Age with an Icon.” In Queen Bey: A Celebration of the Power and Creativity of Beyonce Knowles-Carter. Veronica Chambers EditorCo-authored with former AJC Center Fellow, Mankaprr Conteh (WFU 18)
Foreword. Unitarian Universalist Pocket Guide. 6th edition
Why Clinton Lost. Hana Brown and Melissa Harris-Perry. 2018. Contexts: Sociology for the Public. Winter 2018. Volume 17. Number 1.
Elle.com monthly columns addressing issues of concern for women and girls of color.
Book Proposals
Consent of the Governed: Reflections on Race, Rape, and the Republic. Currently under review.
Harvesting Freedom: Black Women and the Future of American Agriculture. Currently under review.
Public Appearances Over 30 public appearances during 2018-2019 academic year including the UC-Santa Cruz, the American Public Health Association, Othering and Belonging Conference, Color of Change, The Justice Policy Roundtable, The National Democratic Caucus, and the Tribeca Film Festival.
SECTION III
DIVERSIFYING AMERICAN MEDIA
REPORTING ACROSS THE DIVIDE In August 2018, the Anna Julia Cooper Center received a grant for $35,000 from the Online News Association to conduct an ambitious student journalism programReporting Across the Divide. Professor Harris-Perry developed Reporting Across the Divide to continue the AJC Center’s work of diversifying American Media. Very much like the highly successful previous programs, The Elle.com Scholars and the Black on Campus program, Reporting Across the Divide (RAD) relied on cohort learning models, media skill development, content knowledge, and close mentoring. Reporting Across the Divide was designed to also include a clear research component to test a series of hypotheses regarding the production and reception of digital media reporting. The Anna Julia Cooper Center developed the RAD program in partnership with The National Review and Rewire News. This program was the first to attempt this kind of crossideological reporting and research in the highly polarized media environment. There was significant potential for the RAD program to have consequences of a national scope.
RAD brought together students, professors, journalists and publications representing opposing ideological viewpoints to learn, report, and write about race and immigration with the goal of understanding how reporting changes when journalists are explicit about where they stand and purposeful about the goal of learning from one another. Reporting Across the Divide sought to explore the question: can we generate quality reporting and trustworthy journalism when we are clear about ideological position in a cohort learning environment?
Traditionally academic and professional settings have taught young media professionals to ignore or suppress their personal viewpoints with the belief that these standpoints will introduce bias. The expectation of presumably neutral reporting clashes with realities of media workplaces and marketplaces. Many of the most compelling stories journalists report engage the perspectives, identities, values, beliefs and professional mores of both reporter and audience. Reporting Across the Divide sought to make explicit, rather than to suppress, the ideological worldview of young journalists as they report on polarizing political stories. The goal was not to create editorial writers, but to train genuine journalists with strong professional skills rooted in long-held norms.
Director Melissa Harris-Perry assembled a staff, created a curriculum, and hosted a competitive application process resulting in a robust cohort of diverse student journalists. RAD began in Fall 2018, with a series of professional trainings, attendance at an AJC Center supported conference, and election night travel. However, the program was cancelled in January 2019, when Provost Rogan Kersh communicated to Director Melissa HarrisPerry that the Anna Julia Cooper Center was no longer welcomed as a university entity. All funds were returned to the Online News Association
SECTION IV
HIGHLIGHTING INTERSECTIONAL SCHOLARSHIP
In October 2018, the Anna Julia Cooper Center convened several campus partners to host New York Times best-selling author, Michel Arceneaux. Arceneaux is a young, gay, black, writer originally from Houston, Texas. During his visit, he met with students from the WFU LGBTQ Center and visited Professor Harris-Perry’s Race, Class, and Social Justice course. Students were assigned Mr. Arceneaux’s book and free copies were made available to interested students. On the evening of October 9, 2018, the Anna Julia Cooper Center hosted a public event with Mr. Arceneaux in conversation with Wade Davis, former NFL Player and LGBTQ activist. The event was held at Bookmarks in downtown Winston-Salem and attracted a significant crowd of the general public. The men had a wide ranging conversation about Arceneaux’s memoir, I Can’t Date Jesus. The event was live streamed and attracted more than 1000 viewers.
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In November 2018, the Anna Julia Cooper Center supported the annual conference of the Politics of Race, Immigration, and Ethnicity Consortium. The AJC Center provided $5000 for presenters and event planning. The student cohort of Reporting Across the Divide and students from Professor Harris-Perry’s and Professor Stewart’s Fall 2018 courses attended the conference and constituted a significant portion of the student audience. At request of conference organizer, Professor Betina Wilkinson, AJC Director, Professor Melissa Harris-Perry hosted a dinner in her private home for all conference speakers and participants. The AJC Center covered these expenses. The Anna Julia Cooper Center was key to the success of the small, but substantive gathering of diverse scholars and students.
In February 2019, the Anna Julia Cooper Center partnered with several local community organizations to host the internationally renowned Urban Bush Women. Founded in 1984, by choreographer Jawole Willa Jo Zollar, Urban Bush Women (UBW) seeks to bring the untold and undertold histories and stories of disenfranchised people to light through dance. UBW accomplishes this from a woman-centered perspective and as members of the African Diaspora community in order to create a more equitable balance of power in the dance world and beyond. The Anna Julia Cooper Center hosted an evening of performance by UBW in support of their 35th anniversary in the home of Director Melissa Harris-Perry. Nearly 70 members of the Winston-Salem community attended including approximately a dozen members of the Wake Forest University faculty and staff communities.
In April 2019, the Anna Julia Cooper Center hosted award winning filmmaker dream hampton and scholar/ activist Andre Ritchie for a wide ranging conversation about black women, violence, and visibility. dream hampton is an award-winning filmmaker and writer from Detroit. Her most recent works include the Frameline feature documentary "Treasure" (2015) the HBO feature documentary, "It's A Hard Truth Ain't It, (2019), the BET docu-series "Finding Justice" (2019) and Lifetime's “Surviving R. Kelly” (2019), which broke ratings records and had wide and far-reaching impact. hampton is the 2019 recipient of Ms. Foundation's "Gloria" award and was named one of 2019 TIME 100's most influential people in the world.Andrea
Ritchie is a Black lesbian immigrant and police misconduct attorney and organizer who has engaged in extensive research, writing, and advocacy around criminalization of women and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people of color over the past two decades. She is author of Invisible No More: Police Violence Against Black Women and Women of Color. Ritchie is an expert and sought after commentator on policing issues. She has testified before the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing, the White House Council on Women and Girls, the Prison Rape Elimination Commission, and several United Nations Treaty Bodies.
SECTION V
CURRICULUM
Thank you for teaching me so much, it was a truly amazing course. Madison, America’s First Ladies Thank you for this semester, I really love the books we read and having engaging class discussions! Logan, Race, Class, and Social Justice Thank you so much for an incredible semester. This semester really changed my expectations for critical thinking and engagement in college classes, and really transformed my conceptions of the purpose of academia. Taking this class has, without doubt, been the best part of my freshman year here at Wake, and the opportunity to work and have critical discussions with both of you was invaluable. I have never been more excited to sit in a classroom for over an hour! Krishna, Black Women’s Political Activism
2018-2019 COURSES Anna Julia Cooper Center faculty continued to oer intersectional courses with original and engaging content for Wake Forest undergraduate students.
POL 210: Race, Class, and Social Justice Fall 2018. Professor Melissa Harris-Perry
Race, Class, and Social Justice is a signature AJC Center course oered to Wake Forest University undergraduates by Professor Harris-Perry. The course asks: What is social justice? How are identities, experiences, and structures of race, ethnicity, and class intertwined with social justice in the American context? Why does social justice matter? How can individuals and communities pursue socially justice outcomes? Together, students closely read a number of texts to explore responses to these broad questions. Assigned readings are drawn from a wide variety of disciplines and contemporary popular writings. In addition to traditional classroom practices of lecture, discussion, and writing, this course moves decidedly beyond the classroom by requiring students to engage in a number of social justice activities on campus and in the Winston-Salem community. Students are expected bring enthusiastic participation to these experiences and to reflect critically on their experiences in written work.
To fulfill the final assignment for this course, students created a toolkit for social justice. These powerful, actionable guides, are available on the AJC Center website.
POL 286: America’s First Ladies Fall 2018. Professor Melissa Harris-Perry America’s First Ladies is an important and surprising seminar taught by Professor Melissa Harris-Perry. This seminar explored American First Ladies as political and social actors. The primary question of the course was: what does American history and politics look like when told through the stories of women with great access to power but with little formal power of their own? The course sought to disrupt our understanding of the category of First Lady by including Sally Hemings as a figure for serious inquiry and study. Students traced the evolution of the role of First Lady and explored how individual women who have played this role have understood it and adapted it. POL 230: Black Women’s Political Activism Professors Melissa Harris-Perry and Jessica Lynn Stewart In Spring 2019, the AJC Center tradition of offering a course co-taught by the director of the center and the center’s post-doctoral fellow. Together Professors Harris-Perry and Stewart created an exciting learning environment for a diverse group of Wake Forest undergraduates. They examines black women’s participation in American politics as citizens, residents, voters, activists, candidates, and elected officials. Topics included traditional political action such as voting, campaigning, and protesting and less traditional engagement such as education, research, media, sports and art. The course carefully considered the intersections of race, gender, class, and sexual orientation and identity. Professors Harris-Perry and Stewart supplemented class lessons with expert guests, beyond the classroom activities, and a creative final assignments. Students produced short films, websites, and podcasts engaging distinct areas of intersectional research on the politics and activism in the lives of black women. The course proved to be a particularly crucial and timely intervention as many of the young women enrolled were deeply embroiled in responding to the white supremacist actions of Wake Forest University administrators during spring 2019.
SECTION VI
MAJOR INITIATIVES
During her tenure as executive director of the Pro Humanitate Institute, Professor Melissa Harris-Perry, revolutionized the student civic engagement program, Wake the Vote. The foundation of Wake the Vote is a small, intentionally diverse cohort of undergraduates engaged in sustained interactions, challenging political experiences, deep reflection, and on-going learning. This cohort swiftly gained political expertise, which they used to build enthusiasm about voting, political participation, and democratic engagement among their peers on campus and throughout the larger community. Wake the Vote offers students and community members the opportunity to create relationships across difference, examine issues crucial to American elections, build competencies for engaged citizenship, and experience American democracy through participatory action, travel, discussion, event planning, and personal reflection. The program teaches students to combine digital media, political participation, and bipartisan collaboration to advocate for full access to the most foundational aspect of our democracythe vote.
In 2016, Wake the Vote was staffed, housed, and funded by the Pro Humanitate Institute under the leadership of Professor Harris-Perry. In July 2018, the Pro Humanitate Institute’s new director, Dr. Magjuka, launched Deacs Decide, a less ambitious program based on an earlier model of limited civic engagement. Left without an institutional home at Wake Forest, Wake the Vote followed director HarrisPerry and became a default program of the Anna Julia Cooper Center. Wake the Vote does not fit neatly into the mission of the Anna Julia Cooper Center as it lacks a clear grounding in intersectional scholarship. In addition, Wake the Vote is a highly staff dependent program requiring the attention of either one full time staff member or the partial attention of several staff members In 2016, the ambitious and innovative effort benefited from the commitment of five student affairs and administrative professionals. By October 2018, the Anna Julia Cooper Center had no full time or part time staff members. Professor Harris-Perry, nonetheless sought to manage and advance the program with the assistance of two undergraduate student leaders: Zachary Bynum (Class of 2019) and Erica Jordan (Class of 2019).
During summer 2018, Professor Harris-Perry secured several grants and partnerships to support Wake the Vote 2018 including, The Campus Election Engagement Project ($1000), The Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under the Law ($3000), Campus Compact ($1000), Rock the Vote, Ben and Jerry’s, and Democracy North Carolina. Professor Harris-Perry crafted original lesson plans, activities, and programmatic goals for Wake the Vote 2018: Midterm Matters.
In August 2018, AJC Center conducted a competitive application process and chose a diverse cohort of students and began the 2018 program. In late October 2018, most programmatic aspects of Wake the Vote had to be suspended. Although funds were available to support student activities Professor Harris-Perry was blocked from accessing the funds in any fashion or time period to allow for their use. Curricular aspect of Wake the Vote continued until December 2018. The future of the program is unknown. No member of WFU administration has initiated a conversation with Professor Harris-Perry to indicate an interest in continuing it in 2020 despite available resources and partners. A full review of the Wake the Vote 2016 and 2018 programs is available upon request.
YOUNG VOTER SUMMIT Saturday, September 22, 2018 9:30 AM
Arrival. Light Breakfast. Games
10:00AM
Brief Welcome by Special Guest Alex Fulling, Wake the Vote, The First Class via Skype from Austin, Texas
10:15AM
Brief History of Youth Political Participation Melissa Harris-Perry, Director, Wake the Vote
10:30 AM
Voting in North Carolina- The Legal Landscape James Perry, CEO Winston-Salem, Urban League
11:00 AM
North Carolina: Who and What is on the Ballot in 2018
Congress The Courts The Constitution Tomas Lopez, Democracy NC 11:30 AM
Lunch and Small Group Discussions Rock the Vote 2018 Issue Areas Gun Violence Women’s Rights Criminal Justice College Affordability Voting Rights Economic Opportunity Climate Change Immigration
12:30 PM
Making Your Campus an Engaged Campus Students Leading
1:00 PM
How to Phone Bank: Hands on Training Session Brett Stargell, Democracy NC
1:30 PM
How to Register Voters: Hands on Training Session Linda Sutton, Democracy NC
2:00 PM
How to GOTV: Live Q/A with Myya Jones
2:30 PM
Election Protection: Making Sure Every Vote Counts Gabrielle Gray, Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights
3:00 PM
Departure
Friday August 31
Wake the Vote met and discussed partnership with Rock the Vote
Friday, September 7 Wake the Vote had a robust conversation about assigned readings
Ari Berman, Give Us the Ballot
Friday, September 14 Wake the Vote had a robust conversation about assigned readings
Patrick J. Sellers. 1998. Strategy and Background in Congressional Campaigns
The American Political Science Review Vol. 92, No.
Hawthorne, Joshua and Benjamin R Warner. The Influence of User-Controlled Messages on Candidate Evaluations." In Controlling the Message: New Media in American Political Campaigns, edited by Farrar-Myers Victoria A. and Vaughn Justin S., 155-80. NYU Press, 2015.
Calfano, BRIAN R. “Flaming and Blaming: The Political Effect of Internet News and Reader ‘Comments.’” Controlling the Message: New Media in American Political Campaigns, edited by Victoria A. Farrar-Myers and Justin S. Vaughn, NYU Press, 2015, pp. 270–301.
Markey Patrick and Charlotte Markey 2011 Pornography-seeking behaviors following. midterm political elections in the United States: A replication of the challenge hypothesis. Computers in Human Behavior. Volume 27, Issue 3,
Saturday, September 22 Youth Voter Forum!
Wake the Vote hosted a full day Young Voter Forum that was open to the public and cosponsored with multiple community partners.
Tuesday, September 25 National Voter Registration Day All Wake the Voters worked 3 hour shifts in a community based voter registration drive on Patterson Avenue Week of September 17 First Campaign Assignment
Week of September 24 First Campaign Assignment Continues
Week of October 1 Second Campaign Assignment
Week of October 8 Second Campaign Assignment Continues
September Ongoing Rock the Vote Voting Guide Partnership Wake the Vote served as the official Southeast regional partners of Rock the Vote to develop youth voter guides for each contested statewide office in Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia. The voter guides addressed issues in the following interest areas: Gun Violence, Immigration, Voting Rights, Women’s Rights, College Affordability Economic Opportunity, Criminal Justice, and Climate Change Friday October 26-Sunday October 28
Canvassing Trip to Georgia Cancelled due to unavailable funds
Tuesday, November 6 Election Night Travel to Washington, DC
Wake the Voters served as production assistants for live coverage on The Hill TV
Monday, December 3 Final Projects Completed
FREEDOM SCHOOL In summer 2018, the Anna Julia Cooper Center hosted a second year of the Children’s Defense Fund Freedom School on the campus of Wake Forest University. As in summer 2017, the AJC Center Freedom School operated with trained undergraduate students working as VISTA members and provided two healthy meals daily for the 50 student participants.
Unfortunately it is impossible to provide a full accounting of the funds spent or the outcomes of either Summer 2017 or Summer 2018. AJC Center director, Professor HarrisPerry, made repeated requests and appeals to Freedom School director, Dr. Dani ParkerMoore, to provide the required annual report of program expenditures, revenues, and assessed outcomes. Dr. Parker-Moore never responded to any request.
Dr. Parker-Moore now operates the Freedom School eort at Wake Forest under the auspices of the Education Department.
*photo credits this page Ann Thuy Nguyen (WFU 17)
Each is under the most sacred obligation not to squander the material committed to [her], not to sap [her] strength in folly and vice, and to see at the least that she delivers a product worthy the labor and cost which have been expended on [her].
—-Anna Julia Cooper.
Founded 2012- Closed 2019