SHARED COMMUNITY IN PROGRESS

SHARED COMMUNITY IN PROGRESS Regenerating and developing the neighbourhood in Lower Kersal

Studio B+C MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE MA ARCHITECTURE & URBANISM

STUDIO B + C

MA Architecture & Urbanism

ABSTRACT This report will propose a solution to deal with the problem of mobility and prosperity, at the same time targeting public safety and flood issue.

To create a neighborhood where beneficial for long-term sustainable living. The structure of this report is divided into two parts: Part one is studio B of research, its for learning and understanding the site history, local conditions, and issues. Part two is studio C of the proposal, it is to propose a scheme to deal with the problem that was found at Studio B. There are two projects in Studio C part.

One is the Masterplanning proposal, it is targeting the entire site. From 3 aspects: urban networks, green space access, and riverside route to find the solution. Through the analysis, the overall site is designed with the development of the focal nodes to drive the surrounding development.

Another project is to pick up one site from the master planning scheme, to develop it more detailly. In this report, Lower kersal social club refurbishment and new Water sports centre will be at this stage.

Yichen Meng 01

Kersal area in 2006, from Flicker (2022)

02

TABLE OF CONTENT Studio B

Studio C

Introduction The story of site Values: aims & objectives

Master Planning Proposal Design Procedure Masterplanning brief Masterplanning Planning analysis-1 Planning analysis-2 Masterplanning breakdown Vision of nodes

03

Problem

Background Historical timeline Castle Irwell Kersal flats Historical heritage River Irwell What are the on-going projects onsite?

Community overview

Street Models Street model overview High street model Boulevard model Residential street model Riverside path model

Social Clu Waterspo

Diagnosis

Project Definition Design strategy Vision: urban networks Vision: green space access Vision: Warer connection

Existing urban fabric Climate analysis Community welfare services Mobility issue Demographic analysis Socio-economic issue Flood issue Security issue Obervation plan Summary

ub & orts Centre Phase of development Site location Exisiting building Case studies Material studies Design programme Conceptual diagram Site plan Programme Ground level plan Detail plans Elevations & sections Visualizations

Conclusion

Theory & Precedents Shared street theory Case studies: master planning Case studies: Urban street design Case studies: Riverside development Sustainable drainage systems (SuDS)

Bibliography Final vision Outcomes

Book & Magazines Articales Websites & Blogs Government publication Maps

04

Introduction The story Values

07 09

What is about this project?

05

Littleton Rd Houstons, author’s own (2022)

06

THE STORY of site

Site Location: Kers

Studio A ‘living with landscape’

In Studio A project, our group has split into 3 semi-groups which focus 3 part of the site. There are: 1). Kersal Wetlands(Castle Irwell Student Housing site); 2).Kersal Flats site, Kersal Dale, and surrounding housing; 3). River Irwell, Littleton & Cromwell Roads.

Our value was from prosperity, liveability, community, mobility, culture and environment 6 aspects to answer the question of ‘How should we live next to such a wealth of landscape resources where nature seemingly has taken priority over urban(people) considerations?’

The studio A vision were: outdoor theater, dog training facilities and horse race sculpture in Kersal Wetland site; Kersal 3zones garden, gate design in Kersal flat and Kersal Dale site; Community cafe and urban farm in Littleton & Cromwell Roads area.

07

sal

The site is the suburb of the City Salford in Greater Manchester.

It is located East corner of Salford and 2.5miles (4.0 km) Northwest from Manchester city Centre.

The river Irwell flows from north to south which divides the land into three areas: Kersal, Broughton and Irwell riverside. Our site is at the joint of the three area.

From Central Manchester (approx.)

35 min no access 15 min 55 min

From Central Salford (approx.)

15 min no access 7 min 25 min

Studio B ‘Shared comminity’ Studio B is the continuity of Studio A. From the 6 aspects of prosperity, liveability, community, mobility, culture and environment in studio A. My focus was based on the development of urban network. Which is to provide 3 connections: individuals with individuals, people with green space and people with river.

My Focus : Urban Networks • Community networks.

• Green spaces connectivity.

• River and waterway access.

Junhao’s Focus : Central Conmmunity • 15 Minutes walkable city.

• Mix-used building.

• Perdestrian friendly design.

Sarmad’s Focus : Green Infastructure • Implement green tech to existing paths and buildings.

• Revitalise British Vita site and green space.

08

VALUES : aims & objectives FROM STUDIO A

Prosperity

• Social housing • Identifying city DNA • Economic prosperity

Methodology

TO STUDIO B & C

Culture

• Cultural transmission • Technological development • Culture education

• • • • •

Safe street Wakeable street Bike friendly street Connection to nature Riverbank accessibility

Site Observation Research of theory & case studies

Problem Identification Site Analysis 09

Mobility

Liveability

• • • • •

Amenities needs Safety & security Convenience of living Public sanitation Job opportunities

Establish design strategies

Community

• • • • •

Environment

Sense of belonging Esteem needs Minority friendly Age friendly Culture embracement

Project defination

• • • • •

Wild animals protection Rain water recycling Waste / rubbish recycling Flood defence Sustainable development

Conceptual development

Design

10

Background Historical timeline Castle Irwell Kersal flats Historical heritage River Irwell What are the on-going projects onsite?

Community overview

13 15 16 17 19 21 23

How Kersal was transformed from the past?

11

Littleton Rd Bus Station, author’s own (2022)

12

HISTORICAL TIMELINE Historical lordship

1142-1538

Priory of Lenton

1540-1548

Baldwain Willoughby

1548-1660

Ralph Kenyon

1548-1660

Byroms of Manchester

1763-1901

The Clowes Family

Major timeline Vicky Meng University of Manchester

1850s: Ends of lordship

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1930s: Start of social ho 0

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1900s: Littleton road & horse racecourse

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Cromwell Road, Broughton and Charlestown visibly grow with industrial sites, factories and worker homes. The map shows Littleton Road coming into existence.

The Clowes had lordship over Kersal during this time. Until 1840, they began selling off land for development which mostly were wealthy mansions in Higher Broughton and Kersal.

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The Clowes preserved the higher ground land for wealthier owner while the working class homes were in the Lower area. This meant there was a serious lack of public housing in the area around this era.

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2022. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Around 1923, the first real progression began on Littleton Road with the first set of housing on the piece of land.

Around the 1930s, the council began investing in council housing for the area.

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The Kersal Flats first appeared in the late 60s (they were eventually demolished in the 90s). The horserace track was shut down in ‘63 and bought by Salford Uni around ’73.

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1960s: More housing

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1990s: Student village

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Major changes we see from this to present day is the village has been replaced with a new Castle Irwell housing development, the Wetlands and the demolishemnt of the majority of Kersal Flats.

Between 1923 and ‘67, the housing complex that dominates the site appeared. © Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2022. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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view of Kersal Cell, the Irwell, and Littleton Road fields in 1953.

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14

CASTLE IRWELL Castle irwell has undergone many functional changes in the past 170 years.

From the real castle to the racetrack to the student village, this venue has left memories for as many as eight generations.

Now 1860s

1902~1963

1973~2015

2015~2018

Castle Irwell was built in 1826 by John FitzGerald.

The land was firstly used as course in 1902.

The site was home to an estimated 40,000 students from the University of Salford for almost 50 years until it finally closed in June 2015.

The creation of a flood basin was completed in March 2018. Castle Irwell Home is a new housing project is under construction at the moment.

Castle Irwell from Southwest about 1860.

Castle Irwell about 1962.

Castle Irwell about 2015.

Castle Irwell about 1980s.

Crowed in horse racecourse stand site.

Castle Irwell, Whit lane, Neil Richardson.

15

The swans live in Kersal Wetland.

KERSAL FLATS Kersal flats from the openning till now has exsited for 70 years.

Now 1952~1962

1962~1975

1975~1985

1990~1999

The construction of 492 flats began in 1952, with the first being opened in 1962.

Known as ‘Communities in the Sky’, the flats became home to thousands, as part of the post-war solution to the massive housing crisis. The Kersal estate was considered one of Britain’s largest residential housing estates of its time.

In late 1970, it was considered these concrete jungles created social alienation and social dislocation. The rising rates of unemployment, coupled with problems of crime and anti-social behaviour in the early to mid 1980s.

8 flats were demolished in 1990.

The other blocks were sold to private developers to renovate for private sale. 2 flats were painted white and renamed. And these 2 flats were eventually demolished in 1999. Now only 2 flats still stand today.

A bird view of Kersal flats site in 1953.

Kersal flats about 1987.

Kersal flats about 1962.

A street party in Cheadle Avenue.

A shot from the Dale of John Bacon Court and Chaucer Court falling.

Flood in Kersal flats about 1980s.

16

HISTORICAL HERITAGE Kersal has the second oldest building in Salford.

1. Kersal Cell - 1145

3

1145

1

2. Ke

175

2 8 The small monastery of Kersal Cell was founded by the Earl of Chester, Stephen Ranulf Gernons, around 1145. It was dedicated to St Leonard, with its mother house being the Cluniac priory at Lenton, near Nottingham.

10

9

7

In t ily Bro and Da and

10. Kersal wetland

2. Lit

It is a new outdoor space to enjoy, created as part of a £10 million flood protection scheme in 2008.The Wetlands is at the site of the old Manchester Racecourse and is a new home for birds, wildlife and nature.

This pr prop are of Lit

2018

20

6

4 5 N

17

ersal Dale

55

the 19th century, the Clowes famy decided to develop their land in oughton, but only for grand houses d suitable public buildings. Kersal ale was developed, in part for golf d in part for homes for the wealthy.

ttleton road basin

005

s flood basin is to alleviate the flood roblem by protecting some 3000 perties against the 1 in 75 year flood e nearing completion to the west ttleton Road. The cost of the work is around £ 11 million.

3.Saint Paul’s Church

1851

St Paul’s Church on Moor Lane, was built in 1851–1852. The only church in Lower Kersal is the Anglican St Aidan’s on Littleton Road, a brick-built church opened in 1972 which seats about 120 people.

8. Kersal flats

1952

The construction of 492 flats began in 1952, with the first being opened in 1962. Eight flats were demolished in 1990. Two more flats were eventually demolished in 1999. Now two flats are owned by private companies.

4.Racecourse Turnstiles

1902

The Turnstile Building on Cromwell Road will form an integral amenity for Castle Irwell, a community of 500 contemporary homes curently under construction on the site of the former Manchester Racecourse.

5.Pendleton department store

1911

This is one of the 54 branches of The Pendleton Co-operative Industrial Society which had been founded in 1860 and by 1911 had shops across Salford.

7. The Cliff (training ground)

6.The Racecourse Hotel

The Cliff is a sports ground in Broughton, Salford on the banks of the River Irwell, that was used as rugby league club Broughton Rangers’ home ground until 1933. In 2018, it became home to Manchester United Women.

This oak framed building situated on the banks of the Irwell was built in 1930 to satisfy the thirst of punters at the nearby Manchester racecourse which closed in 1963.

1933

1930

18

RIVER IRWELL

1850

1946

1951 1970 1980 2000

2005 19

During the Industrial Revolution factories, mills and terraced hovels grew up along the river banks.

Local industry dumped toxic chemicals into the river, such as gas-tar, gas-lime and ammonia water, and by 1850 fish stocks had all but disappeared.

1946-there was serious flooding in Salford, caused by a bottleneck at a bend in the river at Strangeways, on the border with Manchester.

At the same year-the decision was made to straighten and widen the river to increase its capacity to defend flooding had been a problem for 100 of years.

1951-Work started.

September 1970-Finished. The total cost of the project was £2m.

9. Footbridge

The bridge is 64.06 m (210.19 ft) long.

9 8 8. Littleton Bridge

Dedicated to the public and opened by alderman Sir W Stephens Mayor of Salford August 9th, 1905.

5. Broughton Bridge

Iron chain suspension bridge built in 1826 to span the River Irwell between Broughton and Pendleton.

A scheme for improving a section of the river between Littleton Road and Adelphi Weir in Salford for boating purposes.

July 2000-there was a setback for the clean-up programme when a pollution incident affected approximately 2+1+2 miles (4 kilometres) of the river between Rawtenstall and Ramsbottom, causing the death of more than 36,000 fish.

A £1M project to make the river “the cleanest it has been for decades” was announced by United Utilities.

7

2. The River Irwell Bridge was

built in 1830 by George Stephenson, was part of Liverpool Road railway station.The bridge was designated a Grade I listed building on 20 June 1988.

7. Kersal Wetland Footbridge was

installed to link the wetlands area with footpaths in Kersal Dale. It has a single concrete span, and because of the history of floods in the area, an unusually tall arch.

6 4. Victoria Bridge is a stone arch bridge

in Greater Manchester, England. Completed in 1839 and named after Queen Victoria, connecting Salford to Manchester.

5

6. Cromwell Rd Bridge was

build in 1882 to connect the Broughton and Pendleton areas of Salford. It has a single span of 125 ft, made especially wide to allow for the improvement of the river channel.

4 3. Blackfriars Bridge is a stone

3

arch bridge in Greater Manchester, England. Completed in 1820, connecting Salford to Manchester.

2

1

N

1. Regent Bridge

connects the township of Hulme with the borough of Salford and is about 1 mile from exchange. The bridge was opened in 1808.

20

WHAT ARE THE ON-GOING PROJECTS ONSITE? 1. Stairs at Littleton Road Basin Staircases installed for the Littleton Road

4.Hydro Project at Charlestown Weir This is a government project consists of a single Archimedes screw and a fish pass.

1

2 2.Riverbank View Phase 3 The third phase of Riverbank View houses is going to have 158 homes of 2,3 and 4 bedroom.

2

4

3.Pendleton Homes

A plan for 470 homes as redevelopment of 21-acre industrial site in Pendleton.

3

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5.Castle Irwell

Salboy is transforming the former Castle Irwell stuent village site to a new residetial neighbourhood. About 500 family homes, 3 acres of gardens and a new school are being built in this site.

6.The Tree of Knowledge/Irwell Valley

5

Salford City Council wants to create 45 homes where Irwell Valley High School once stood.

7.Seaford Road Homes

Kellen Homes has submitted plans for 135 homes redevelopment of a former plastics factory on Seaford Road.

6 7

22

COMMUNITY OVERVIEW

Old community

1960s

Kersal Flats

Neighbour-

Students

hood

Village

Hourserace course Castle Irwell

1970s, the Castle pub

The park in the mid 1970s full of people and activity.

23

A street party in Cheadle Avenue.

Football club

Celebrate the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth the II

Current community

Cooking club

Kersal Kicker’s Line Dancing at St Aidan’s Church.

Sew-

ing Knitting

and Nattering at St Aidan’s

Painting, harvesting, composting lots of old plants at the groups Allotments.

Kersal Football club

24

Problem Diagnosis Existing urban fabric Climate analysis Community welfare services Mobility issue Demographic analysis Socio-economic issue Flood issue Security issue Obervation plan Primary route Secondary route Hydrological route Ecological route Summary

27 28 29 30 32 33 34 35 36 38 39 40 41 42

What kind of situation we are facing in Lower Kersal area?

25

Kersal way, author’s own (2022)

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EXISTING URBAN FABRIC 40m

T ra

Existing plan A

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The map shows the unique shape o where the wetland is located.

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There is a clear distinction between dense and sparse buildings.

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Building

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Wetland water

of River Irwell and

Green space

Land use

From a spatial point of view, the river stands in the main position. However, the perimeter of the green spaces area mostly occupied by spaces.

Roads The proportions of the building and the space are relatively harmonious.

There is a clear distinction between dense and sparse buildings. For example, buildings in the south of the river are denser than in the north.

Green canopy

Residential buildings

Primary street

Semi-private street

Grass field

Commercial buildings

Secondary street

Imformative path

Waste land

Public buildings

Tertiary street

Train rail

Factories

28

CLIMATE ANALYSIS

Climate and Average Weather Year Round

In Salford, the summers are comfortable and partly cloudy and the winters are long, very cold, windy, and mostly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 3°C to 20°C and is rarely below -2°C or above 26°C. Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Salford for warm-weather activities is from late June to late August.

Salford experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall. Rain falls throughout the year in Salford. The month with the most rain in Salford is November, with an average rainfall of 71 millimetres. The month with the least rain in Salford is April, with an average rainfall of 41 millimetres.Residential facility for adults with mental retardation.

Sun

Cloud

The length of the day in Salford varies extremely over the course of the year.

In 2022, the shortest day is 21 December, with 7 hours, 28 minutes of daylight; the longest day is 21 June, with 17 hours, 2 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 04:39 on 18 June, and the latest sunrise is 3 hours, 46 minutes later at 08:25 on 29 December. The earliest sunset is at 15:49 on 13 December, and the latest sunset is 5 hours, 53 minutes later at 21:42 on 24 June.

29

Rainfall

Wind

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 metres above the ground.

The windier part of the year lasts for 5.6 months, from 13 October to 1 April, with average wind speeds of more than 18.9 kilometres per hour. The windiest month of the year in Salford is January, with an average hourly wind speed of 21.9 kilometres per hour.

The clearest month of the year in Salford is July, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 53% of the time. The cloudiest month of the year in Salford is December, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 72% of the time.

WELFARE SERVICES Ideal Welfare plan • •

• Facilities for the elderly; • Rehabilitation facilities for people with physical disabilities,protective • facilities;

Current Welfare plan

Protective facilities for women Child welfare facilities Residential facility for adults with mental retardation.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Salford Primary Care Together Mocha Parade Medical Practice Bluebell Court Care Home Laburnum Court Care Home Holly Court Care Home Newbury Green Medical Practice Newbury Place Health Centre Rowlands Pharmacy Salford Lps

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

Lower Kersal Community Primary School Manchester United Training Academy MUFC Training Academy St Sebastians R C Primary School Saint George’s Church of England Primary School Nebras Arabic School The Albion Academy Makehay Day Nursery Tiferes Girl’s School St Boniface RC Primary School Brentnall Primary School Beis Yaakov High School For Girls Broughton Jewish Cassel Fox Primary School Etz Chaim Boys School St Pauls C Of E Primary School Genting Casino Salford

25.

26.

27.

28.

The Cliff Football Club Saraniya Dhamma Meditation Centre Salford City FC Salford Sports Village

29.

30.

31.

32.

St Sebastian Community Centre Beacon Centre Saint Aidan’s Church Machzikei Hadass

• •

Education includes primary school, high school, tranning academy.

Lower Kersal is distanced from welfare facilities.

27

Gas station

Social facilities are private groups.

Lack of amenities.

Residential facility for adults with mental retardation.

23

22

21

32

20 19

28 7 6 26 25

9 31

10

2

4

1

5 3

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11

17

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12

13 8

Restaurant, cafe Shops, Market

• • •

16 N

30

29 15

14

30

MOBILITY ISSUE Public transportation

Bus Stop 1 on Littleton Rd

Bus Stop 2 on Littleton Rd

Salford Crescent Train Station

Public Retal Cycle & Scooter Public rental services realm are located in the south area. Rented bike and scooter needs to be returned to the service realm to avoid extra charge.

Bike Rental Points

31

Train Station

Site

Bus Station

Bike service realm

Car Parking

Scooter service realm

Rental bike Parking

Train Rail

Rental scooter Parking

Bus Route

- Complax transfor to reach the Lower Kersal area.

- Public transportation is mainly distributed on the Priamry street.

- Except for own a private car, Lower Kersal neighbourhood has only one option (taking Bus) to access other area.

- No public cycle service in Lower Kersal area.

Road condition Rough traffic free route

Good traffic free route

Road:physical segregation

Road: cycling facility

Road:sighposted, no facility

Road: advisory/suggested

20 mph speed limit

Perdanstrain cross

-Rough surface route is unfriendly to walk during the rainy day.

-For cyclists, cycling Lanes are not consistent.

-No cycling Lanes road has hidden traffic danger for cyclists.

-Cyclists sometime mixs with perdastrainer at perdastrain cross.

-Cars are randomly parking in the side of the road witch blocks the road.

32

DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS Ethnic Groups

General Health

Very Good

46%

3%

Good

32.4%

Asian

3%

Fair

14%

Black

3%

Poor

5.9%

Other

5%

Very Poor

1.7%

White

86%

Mixed

The population of Kersal identifies themselves as 86% white, 3% mixed, 3% Asian, and 3% black.

Marital Status

Household Breakdown Single

54%

Man

50%

Other

12%

Woman

50%

Construction Dog walkers 33

Analysis of the data shows that there is a total population size of people (residents) living here, of which 50% are recorded on official sources as male, and 50% female; women outnumber men in Kersal.

Black people Cyclists

Joggers

17-30

31-45

Social education opportunities: Music, Sports, Art, different knowledge

17%

12%

75-90

4%

8%

Building more welfare facilities is not the goal, here needs the environment that is friendly to elder people: Fine street for elder to walk.

Public space for elder to stay.

Public community centre for elder to spend time.

Children

Public ficilities friendly for families & babysitters: convenient store, safer streets.

17%

Analysis of the data shows that there is a total population size of people (residents) living here, of which 50% are recorded on official sources as male, and 50% female; women outnumber men in Kersal.

Minority

Family

41%

46-60 61-75

Public education for local to develope respect to different ethnic groups and disable people.

Students

Young students

0-16

This area is in the external public area and is generally uninhabited.

A few dogwalkers and Babysitters can be seen occasionally in Kersal Wetland.

Some middle school students can be seen leaving school around 4 pm.

There were several people waiting for the bus near the bus stop.

Elders

Potential User:

Existing User:

0

Married

In Kersal, 54% of residents aged 16 and over are married, compared to the UK average of 50.9%. These marital status statistics for people in Kersal include census data for people aged 16 or over (excluding 16-18 year olds in education).

Population general health is a self-assessment of a person’s general state of health. In the 2011 Census people in the Kersal area were asked whether their health was very good, good, fair, bad or very bad.

• • • •

Babysitters

House households

34%

Age Breakdown

Public realm shoud be more friendly for children: safer streets, playground, more frequent public space for children to play, run and have fun.

Salford with smaller pockets in Little Hulton and Winton.

below SOCIO-ECONOMIC (fig 6) shows the distribution ofISSUE deprivation across Salford. Areas of high deprivation The map below (fig 6) shows the distribution of deprivation across Salford.

Areas of high of deprivation Areas Salford within Areas ofshown.

Salford within the most ived 10%) and extreme deprivation (most deprived 1%) are also The most deprived Salford Index of10%) Multiple Deprivation Scoro by Decile deprived nationally (most deprived and extreme deprivation (most depriveddeprived 1%) are shown. The most1% deprived 10%also nationally e cityparts are mainly concentrated around Langworthy, Irwell Riverside, and Broughton in Central The map the right distribution of deprivation across Salford. Salford was ranked ofonthe cityshows arethe mainly concentrated around Langworthy, Irwell Riverside, and Broughton in Central the 18th pockets most deprived in localLittle authorityHulton (out of 353) and in England according to the 2010 Index of h smaller Winton.

Salford with smaller pockets in Little Hulton and Winton.

Fig 6 Salford Index of Multiple Deprivation score by decile

the most

Multiple Deprivation.

The most deprived parts of the city are mainly concentrated around :

Salford Index of Multiple score by decile Fig 6 Salford IndexDeprivation of Multiple Deprivation score by decile Langworthy, Irwell Riverside, Broughton in Central Salford with smaller pockets in Little Hulton and Winton.

Areas of Salford within the most deprived Areas of Salford 10% nationally

Areas of Salford within the most deprived the most 1% nationally

withinmost Areas of Salford within the deprived 10% nationally deprived 10% nationally

Little Hulton

of Benefits Salford within the most LowerAreas Kersal & Unemployment Statistics deprived 1% nationally

7. Domain Level Change Kersal

These figures are an indicator of BOTH unemployment and underemployment.

Best

Worst (Lower is better)

Irwelldomains of the IoD2019 are made up of several indicators. Domains are weighted Each of the seven Trafford Riverside differently (see Section 4Boughton above) and within the domains the indicators are given different weight. These Warrington indicators combine data for one or more years, using the latest data available. However for several Langworthy Lower old, Kersal)including 2011 census figures. As part of Wintonthe latest data available is Salford(include indicators several years IoD2019 publication some indicator values have been published. Preliminary analysis of those with the Areas of Salford within the most largest change is given below. nationally Areas of deprived Salford1% within the most Lower Kersal Property Ownership & Rental Statistics deprived 1% nationally 7. Domain Level Change

Each of the seven domains of the IoD2019 are made up of several indicators. Domains are weighted differently (see Section 4 above) and within the domains the indicators are given different weight. These Areas of high depindicators combine data for one ordemore years, using the latest data available. However for several rivation(most 10%) and indicators the latest dataprived available is several years old, including 2011 census figures. As part of extreme deprivation deprived 1%) IoD2019 publication some(most indicator values have been published. Preliminary analysis of those with the are also shown. largest change is given below.

34

7. Domain Level Change

FLOOD ISSUE Flood History

The lower reaches of the Irwell have flooded many times in its history, the most well documented being the floods of 1866, 1946, 1954, 1980, 2007, 2015 and 2020.

1946-5,300 properties were flooded.

1954-600 properties were flooded in 1954.

1866-the “year of the great Flood”, the river had risen 14 feet (4.3 metres) above normal at Peel Park. In all, £1 million of property was damaged, 450 hectares of land was flooded, 700 people had to be rescued from wrecked homes, but only one man died by drowning.

A statue in Peel Park recorded the flood height in 1866, 1946.

Inlet

Flood in Kersal flats in 1980.

Outlet Littleton Rd Playfeild Basin

Outlet

Kersal Wetland Basin

Inlet

Flood Defence Littleton Rd basin: In 2005, a flood storage basins

with a capacity of 650,000 cubic metres (850,000 cu yd) have been constructed to the west of Littleton Road, at a cost of around £11 million.

35

Kersal Wetland: The £10million second

Salford Flood Basin was officially unveiled, two years after the Boxing Day Flood of 2018.

SECURITY ISSUE Crime

Police launched into a chase after spotting a car believed to have ‘weapons’ inside.

A stolen car was crashed on Bury New Road last week (January 20.2022)

The map showing the area where a dispersal order is being issued in Kersal.

Dispersal order issued in Salford after ‘unacceptable and distressing’ anti-social behaviour

James Whincup has been jailed after throwing a homemade petrol bomb into a Kersal social club

An inquest has opened into the death of a 37-year-old woman, who was found in the River Irwell.

A man is in hospital after being stabbed in the street following reports of a ‘fight involving youths’.

Crime rates in Salford • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Level of crime Crime increasing in the past 3 years Worries home broken and things stolen Worries being mugged or robbed Worries car stolen Worries things from car stolen Worries attacked Worries being insulted Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin color, ethnic origin, gender or religion Problem people using or dealing drugs Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery Problem corruption and bribery

Safety in Salford • Safety walking alone during daylight • Safety walking alone during night

Crime Index: 66.17 Safety Index: 33.83 Contributors: 15 Last update: January 2022

69.64 75.00 65.00 66.67 57.14 64.29 60.71 80.00 41.67

High High High High Moderate High High Very High Moderate

75.00 82.14 64.29 57.14

High Very High High Moderate

51.67

Moderate Low 36

OBSERVATION PLAN Observation inspiration

Observation route Lower Broughton Road Littleton Road

Life Between Buildings: Using public space

‘Life Between Buildings: Using public space’ is Jan Gehl’s classic text on the importance of designing urban public space with the fundamental desires of people as guiding principles. The book describes essential elements that contribute to people’s enjoyment of spaces in the public realm. These elements remain remarkably constant even as architectural styles go in and out of fashion and the character of the ‘life between buildings’ changes.

Hope Road

Cromwell Road

O Primary Route

Secondary Route Hydrological Route Ecological Route

Littleton Road Littleton Road

Pr

Su

Littleton Road Kersal Dale

Q •

Soft City: Building Density for Everyday Life

“In Soft City, David Sim draws from his great experience working on projects on all continents and in all corners. You will benefit from his outstanding ability to see, to observe, and to reflect upon the scenes from life and cities. Soft City is an important addition to the growing literature on people-friendly architecture and city planning. Indeed, architecture and city planning need to be quite a bit more soft. Here is a good place to start.” Jan Gehl 37

• • •

Ta 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Observation script

rinciple

ustainable healthy shared streets.

What to focus?

Space for walking

1. Pay attention to the width of the streetscape/demotions in a different street.

2. Building types on the street side. What pavement and street surface conditions for separating the use of the street?

3.Walking distance. Recording to Gehl (2011), 400 to 500m ordinary daily walking distance for most people. For children, old people and disabled people are considerably less.

4. How traffic occupies the street such as car, bike, animals, and people: elder, children, wheeled walking.

5. Riverbank accessibility. Any possibilities for enhancing the quality of the walk experience near the river?

Questions

How can we build a sustainable living space for a win-win between humans and nature?

How can security be improved in this neighbourhood?

How can the liveability for different age groups be enhanced?

How can we develop a sense of community in this neighbourhood?

asks

Photograph the front elevation of the building in the streets.

Record the activities.

Draw the section of the streetscape. Include the path in the park and next to the river.

Defining soft or hard edgy of the street corner.

Rate each route base on liveability experience.

Space for staying

1. Zone for staying – the edgy effect.

2. Activities are growing from the edgy. What activities are going on in the street or in the park/nature?

3. A good place to sit? Well-functioning city areas offer many opportunities to sit.

4. Seeing, hearing, and talking.

5. Protection from crime? Jacobs has examined the relationship between activity level and degree of safety on a street. Also, can be called ‘street watching’.

6. Protection from vehicular traffic? Protection from unpleasant weather?

38

PRIMARY ROUTE

Lower Broughton Rd

Cromwell Rd

Distance: 1.3 mils (2km) Walking time: 26 minutes Cyclying time: 7 minutes

Littleton Rd

8

1

11

Strange emtpy space.

12

No cycle lane.

Narrow sidewalk.

Poor road condition.

No amenities.

6 10

1

N

New stairs in construction.

2

14

12 14

2

11

10

13

9

8

3 7

9

13

7

Poor road condition.

Trash in the street.

No amenities.

39

6 5

Trash in the street.

3

Narrow sidewalk for bus station.

Private cars parking on sidewalk.

4

4

5

Trash in the street.

No cycle lane.

Shops closed down.

SECONDARY ROUTE

South Radford Rd

Distance: 0.9 mils (1.5km) Walking time: 26 minutes Cyclying time: 7 minutes

Kersal Way

Kingsley Ave

Rushley Ave

2

Northallerton Rd

5

1

9 11

Lighting pole without light

12

9

13

Street trashes.

Low openness. hidden areas.

11

Closed private leisure centre.

6

8 10

1

7

7

3 2

Kersal Date is hidden at the end of the street.

6

4

10

5

4

3

Stones to block cars.

8

12

14

Removed trees.

N

13

14

Fenced Kindergarten.

Entry to rivernank.

Fenced riverbank.

40

HYDROLOGICAL ROUTE

Littleton Rd

Passing playfeild basin

Irwell riverside

Littleton Rd

Distance: 1.5 mils (2.4km)

6

Walking time: 35 minutes

4

Rubbish issue.

New factory construction

11

Rough surface.

5 12

Large green feild.

11 12

4

3

Unwalkable in rainy days.

10

7

5 3

7

6

10

9 8

New housing & factory construction.

Pollution.

2

1

8

1 N

41

9

2

Rough surface.

ECOLOGICAL ROUTE

Cromwell Rd

Kersal Wetland

Distance: 0.9 mils (1.5km) Walking time: 26 minutes Cyclying time: 7 minutes

Kersal Dale

9

11 11

12

10

Kersal Dale green feild

10

9

8

Emtpy space.

8

12

7

6 Flood outlet.

6

7 5

3

Seat next to river.

4 3 Dog walkers.

5 2

2 Wetland entrance

1

1

4

View of the Cliff

N

42

SUMMARY

S

W

trengths

Wild habitats

Wetland

River Irwell

History & Heritage

Large Green land

pportunities

Lack of public transprotation

Low accessibility

Lack of connection to river

Riverside path

High quality public space

More commercial facilities

Poor road condition

Lack of amenities

Lack sense of community in public

Community activities

More transportation option

Employment

Lack of public security

Unemployment

Lack of green on the road

Children friendly space

Street green infrastructure

Street furniture

Poor quality public realm 43

O

eaknesses

Street lighting

T

hreats

Crime risk

Flood risk

Deficient Parking

Sanitation issue

Safety hazard place

m

0 50

0m

100

44

Project Definition Design strategy Vision: urban networks Vision: green space access Vision: Warer connection

49 50 51 52

How do we think might end up this situation?

45

River Irwell Footbridge, author’s own (2022)

46

MASTER PLANNING STRATEGIES Three design themes Urban Networks

base on Improving Liveability. Redesign the streetscape of exist road, provide bicycle lane and jogging routes. Create public space that make people to stay.

Walker

• • • 47

Jogger

Cyclist Skateboarder Scootering

Streetscape.

Street furnishing.

Perdestrain routes for different users.

Disable

Green Space Access

Riverside route

base on establishing the natrue in this area. The green space system is inserted into pedestrian system to enhance the sense of use of the pedestrian and promote residents to walk around.

base on connecting the river to urban daily life, to create the connection for people to interact with river.

Walker

Walker

• • •

Jogger

Cyclist

Dogwalker

Babysitter

Elder

Green feature in street.

Increase the accessibility of green spaces.

Landscape connection.

• •

Jogger

Cyclist

Rowing

Boating

Riverside walking route.

Activities that connects to water.

VISION: Commercial linkage Urban Networks

• • • • •

Access to Retail cores with walkable distance.

Develop Littleton road to high street.

High street contains small scale retail on the ground floor.

Create small retail core in each neighbourhood.

Retail core lead to consolidated shopping core.

Idea collage

Sofe edge cafe corner Colour coded cycling lane Bike parking with canopy

Shops on the ground floor

Outdoor terrace

Potential retail Exisiting retail Potential high streer

Walkable retail road

Retail core connection

48

VISION: Landscape connections

Green space access

• • • •

Green spaces connected by walking route that raise the profile of the River Irwell.

Public gathering space in every 400 diameter circles.

Create facilities to activate green space, extends the use of green spaces.

Green space in urban area are connected by green corridors.

Idea collage Community Garden

Riverbank cafe

Urban Farm

Pavilion

Riverside Deck Ourdoor Seating Landscape Riverside path Urban green corridor Bridge Walkable distance

49

Biking Path

VISION: River connections

Riverside route

• • • •

Waterway accsee to different side of the river, then river becames to connection, not barrier.

Highlighted possible spaces at riverbank for installation to connect people to river.

Greate routes along the riverside for cyclists and joggers.

Greate cycle parking system to encourage people to interact more with the green space.

Idea collage Green roof Installation for public garhering

Green textured Road Tree seater Potential site

Fixed Planter

Riverside path Rowing route

Street landscape

Bike parking Boating stops

N

Riverside cycling lane 50

Theory & Precedents Shared street theory Comcept Design objectives Case studies: master planning Case studies: Urban street design Case studies: Riverside development Sustainable drainage systems (SuDS)

55 55 56 57 59 61 63

What we can learn from theory and other projects?

51

Hope Road, author’s own (2022)

52

SHARED STREET THEORY Concept

Shared street concept can be the key solution to rejuvenate the public spaces.

Walk

Drive

The concept of the ‘Woonerf’ literally means Shared street which are new or reworked streets that have been developed in the late 1960s in the city of Delft, Netherlands. These allow play, socialistion and nature to safely escape the private domain and spread into the shared domain.

1

5

It is a residential, public space.

Through traffic is discouraged.

4

2 Residents have auto access to dwelling fronts.

3

11 Walking and playing are allowed everywhere.

Entrances are clearly marked.

The area has extensive landscaping.

7

The area has street furnishings.

Avoid public transprotation

Use public transprotation

6

There are no conventional, straight stretches of pavement with raised curbs, and pavement (carriage way) and sidewalk (footway) are not rigidly demarcated.

You are welcome here

You are not welcome here

9

10

Paved space is shared by pedestrians and cars, with pedestrians having priority over the entire street.

53

Car speed and movement are restricted by physical barriers, and by deviations, bends, and undulations.

8

Can be a single street, a square (or other form), or a combination of connected spaces.

Elevating street safety Improving public accessibility Creates public realm

Intergrating green belt to street Building sustainable neighbourhood

Design objectives Sidewalk

Bike Parking

Forster pedestrian-friendly street systems where pedestrians can experience safely, comfort, accessibility, and efficient mobility.

Can be both functional and serve as public art.

Crub Extenssion Extend the sidewalk, provide an opportunity for social interaction, and offer a safe refuge for pedestrians crossing streets.

ACCESSIBILITY & MOBILITY

Lighting Lighting, Bike Parking

Sidewalk, Curb extenssion

Increases a sense of pedestrian safety, security, and comfort.

LIVEABILITY

Planters, Landscape buffers

Landscape Buffers

Public Art Extend the sidewalk, provide an opportunity for social interaction, and offer a safe refuge for pedestrians crossing streets.

Seating Provides places to rest, wait for transit, and socialize with others.

CULTURE & COMMUNITY

Public art, Seating

Extend the sidewalk, provide an opportunity for social interaction, and offer a safe refuge for pedestrians crossing streets.

ENVIRONMENT Planter

Add colour, texture, and interest to a streetscape.

54

CASE STUDIES: Masterplanning Town planning

Design a community

Stalybridge Town Centre Challenge

Twickenham Outpost

Figure 4.1 Masterplan

New Islington by U Neighbourhoods

Ancoats Has been named the 13th c est place in the world by Tim Out Worldwide.

Northern Quarter Is a trendy neighbourhood, vibrant street art, bohemia bars and independent rest rants and shops.

Masterplan Figure 4.2 Routes

Piccadilly Is the central hub of Manch ter’s public transport syste

Page | 7

Buildings

By rewilding the river edge and establishing a diverse ecology transect from woodland to Riparian vegetation, the proposal allowed its occupants to live close to nature in a natural parkland environment with river views.

Twickenham Market Building links the High Street to the river.

Route

Figure 4.3 Public Realm

Page | 8

Public realm 55

The building takes the form of an open market building with a large, striking roof structure drawn from the boatyards of Eel Pie Island, giving an airy, covered, pedestrianised space for markets, shops, offices, studios and amenity space. The building is designed to create a vibrant daytime.

1 Waulk Mill 2 Islington Square 3 Piercy Street 4 Chips 5 The Guts 6 Stubbs Mill 7 Keepers Quay 8 Avro 9 Mansion House 10 Town House*

Transport

11 Metrolink New Islington Education 12 New Islington Free Schoo (Ofsted Outstanding) 13 Little Learning Ladder Nu (Ofsted Outstanding)

Urban splash

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We questioned conventions.

Enter the late, great architect Will Alsop and his trusty felt-tip pen. His initial sketch was radical, but it formed the basis for regeneration, connecting the existing Ashton and Rochdale canals with a new marina, creating a European style waterside community in the heart of Manchester.

Taking on the redevelopment of what was one of the country’s worst estates was always going to be a challenge. But we saw a place with an important story to tell, a community of locals, historic canals, stunning mills and a landmark of modern Manchester. It was inspirational.It was all possible, if we worked

We saw the long term rewards of regeneration.

We wanted to deliver true urban regeneration for the long term, using the best architects – international and local. A place with green squares, homes and businesses, schools and infrastructure, a place that will continue to connect people old and new.

19 RE

ET

New Islington 2020

PICCADILLY BASIN CH

We saw an opportunity to help make the oldCardroom Estate a better place to live, work and play – somewhere that would bring much-needed new homes, workspaces, community spaces and amenities.It was all possible, if we worked together.

We saw places, not problems.

WN

ST

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ET

A66

5

Piccadilly Station

Health

41

Food / Drink / Leisure

From there, to here, to future dreams

14 New Islington Medical Practice 20 Hope Mill Theatre 15 K’s Chemist 21 Tony’s Chippy 22 Pollen Bakery 23 Ancoats General Store ol Parks / Canals 24 Seven Brothers Brewery 16 New Islington Marina 25 Rudy’s Pizza 17 Cotton Field Park ursery 26 Jersey Street Social Club 18 Rochdale Canal 27 Companio Bakery 19 Ashton Canal 28 Trove

29 Elnecott 30 Cask 31 Aldi 32 Pure Gym 33 Port Street Beer House 34 Band on the Wall 42

New Islington

09

From there, to here, to future dreams

10

56

CASE STUDIES: Urban street design

High street design

Transforming San Francisco’s Busiest Transit Corridor

Marcket street around 1910

Marcket street in 2011

From Market Street to Better Market Street

Transforming Market Street could therefore not be completed without addressing both sides of the streets condition – its transit dominance and its lack of public life initiatives. With this premise in mind, the Better Market Street Strategy was based.

As part of the Better Market Street Vision Gehl conceived three detailed streetscape designs that would be iterated across three rounds of public consultation.

1. Qualify the Better Market Street Vision.

2. Discuss the initial design concept and trade-offs.

3. look at the detailed streetscape designs and their alternatives.

Street Life Zones are designed to activate the sidewalk, creating dedicated space for social and lingering activities. The concept demonstrates the street as a place for people rather than just mobility.

Street cross section showing the addition of a street life zone, public transit only lanes, and grade separated bike lanes.

57

Greenway design

A regional and neighborhood greenway

Carmel, Indiana is an affluent suburban city that, like most traditional American suburbs, values low density home ownership and private automobiles, and its “downtown” is dominated by single-use buildings surrounded by surface parking.

The new Monon Way is a true backbone that not only can be used as a recreational thoroughfare but a destination in itself for Carmel: A place where everyone can enjoy a wide array of activities that provides for a greater public experience and richer social mixing.

From railway to urban & ecological corridor

The Monon Trail is a key element of this transformative project. As it stood, the trail was an 18-mile former railway line that was converted to a pedestrian and bicycle trail, and ran through the city’s heart, linking the existing Arts District, Civic Center and several proposed developments.

Gehl’s concept design built upon this existing asset by transforming the Monon Trail into an urban and ecological corridor that stitches together existing and future developments. Each segment took aesthetic and programming cues from the surrounding neighborhood context, strengthening district identities while maintaining the trail’s integrity as a regional bicycle trail.

The vision set forth by Gehl built on existing plans, and emphasized the transformation of downtown from a place with a few destination points to a complete neighborhood destination by: 1. Making a more walkable and human scaled downtown 2. Introducing a 21st century approach to mobility focused on greater options for accessibility 3. Transforming the Monon Trail into an urban and ecological spine 4. Providing a framework to support vibrant public life.

58

CASE STUDIES: Riverside development People connect to river

Summer Shore Installation by Vous Architecture & Design

The Summer Shores initiative aims to create «three unusual stations», a temporary installation made of three surprising street furniture alongside the banks of the Vendée River, in Fontenay-le-Comte, France. What does it mean to be «stationary» in public space? Can it lead us to look at our surroundings with a different eye, share a moment with strangers?

VOUS’s answer comes in three different ways, 3 projects: the XL Oasis, the Net Pier, and the Supertable.

The XL Oasis The XL Oasis spreads over the Place des Marroniers, a previously mineral space overlooking the river, that has been covered with lush grass and tree ferns. Amongst this pocket jungle, four giant deckchairs arise, reaching 4.5m high. Made of galvanised steel, they are covered with colourful fabrics that can host up to 6 people each for a nap, chitchat, or as a bench to admire the river, the house of local painter Jean Chevolleau, or the new pedestrian bridge that bears his name.

The Net Pier The Supertable

The XL Oasis 59

The Net Pier

The Supertable

The Net Pier, downstream the Vendee, takes advantage of the slope toward the river and arrays 7 nets at various angles, perfect for chilling. Bouncy, colorful, and with great views over the town and its church, the Net Pier is flagged by inclined poles that echo the local fishermen’s rods, that bear vivid fabrics, dangling in the wind like the fishes in the river below.

Supertable draws a curvy line alongside the riverbank, made of benches, tables, and platforms. A triangle-shaped steel structure lies on the grass, supporting dyed larch planks that form seatings at various heights, allowing infinite ways of seating, laying, or chilling.

Whether it’s a 100 people picnic, a concert, or just a few minutes sunbathing, the Supertable is ready for it all !

60

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEM (SuSD) Sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) want to manage urban runoff in order to:

Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) want to manage urban runoff to:

(i) restore hydrological balance and reduce pollutant loads of water bodies, moving from a post-urbanization back towards a pre-urbanization status of water bodies; (ii) build the so-called Sponge Cities, i.e. cities able to soak the urban runoff and mitigate flood effects; (iii) build green-blue infrastructure able to exploit all the Ecosystem Services of Nature-Based Solutions.

(i) recover the original hydrologic regime and reduce the pollutant loads, moving from post-development back again to pre-development status; (ii) build future sponge cities in response to heavy rains; (iii) provide cities with as much as possible new greenblue infrastructures, exploiting the multiple ecosystem services of nature-based solutions.

SuDS

Green-B spaces the envi

SuDS and Ecosystem services

Ecosystem services are defined as the “direct o SuDS techniques provide a number of different stance, 17 examples of ecosystem services give - Hard Engineering - are reported (Huber, 2010)

Source: Woods Ballard et al.

2015. “The SuDS Manual”

61

Source: Woods Ballard et al. 2015. “The SuDS Manual”

atmospheric regulation climate regulation disturbance regulation water regulation water supply erosion control and sediment retention soil formation nutrient cycling waste treatment pollination species control refugia/habitat food production genetic resources recreation cultural enrichment

S and Green-Blue Infrastructures

Blue Infrastructure is defined as a network of green and blue exploiting ecosystem services to provide benefit for people and ironment.

SuDS and Sponge Cities

Sponge city is a concept developed in China, in which the city is required to adsorb urban runoff as “sponges” in order to reduce the flood risks driven by increased urbanization. In this clear how a SuDS approach is suitable to develope Sponge cities.

SuDS, WSUD, LID, BMPs ...

The SuDS approach is known in literature with different keywords, developed by research groups of different states. The most known ones are the following: SuDS Sustainable Drainage Systems WSUD Water Sensitive Urban Design LID Low Impact Development BMP Best Management Practices

Urban park following a SuDS approach in Singapore (Bishan). Source: Gibelli G., 2015, Manuale di drenaggio urbano (in Italian)

SuDS experiences - International

or indirect contribution of an ecosystem to human wellbeing”. ecosystem services additional to that of runoff drainage. For inen by SuDS - Soft Engineering - instead of conventional solutions ): Constructed wetland for the treatment of combined sewer overflow of Gorla Maggiore (VA - Italy). The wetland was designed a multipurpose, exploiting different ecosystem services in the new “Water Park” of Gorla Maggiore: water quality improvement of Olona river, flood mitigation, public recreational area, and biodiversity increase.

Source: Huber, J., 2010. Low Impact Development: a Design Manual for Urban Areas

Bioretention system for sustainable drainage of rainwater, Kerakoll research centre (Sassuolo, MO - Italy), designed by IRIDRA in collaboration with BIOS-IS S.r.l.

Tanner Springs Park, Portland (USA)

Sydney (Australia). Source: Gibelli G., 2015, Manuale di drenaggio urbano

62

Planning Process Proposal Strategy Evaluation Proposals Design Procedure Conceptual Analysis Additional Analysis Masterplanning brief Masterplanning Planning analysis Masterplanning breakdown Vision of nodes

65 65 66 67 67 68 69 71 73 77 79

How could we achieve this vision?

63

Littleton Road, author’s own (2022)

64

PROPOSAL

Strategy Evaluation Issues

Solutions

Strategies

Disconnection

Connections

Urban Networks

-Lack of road connection -Low public transportation accessibilty -Inaccessibility of living facilities

+Bike friendly street +Improve road walkability for different walkers +Remove fences +Improve public parking system +Safer sidewalk +More shops for local life +Refurbished abandoned space and buildings

base on Improving Liveability. Redesign the streetscape of exist road, provide bicycle lane and jogging routes. Create public space that make people to stay.

Safety -Lack of public security -Low accessibilty of hidden area -High crime risk -Traffic safety hazards

-

Social community -Lack of good quality public space -Lack of inclusive community activities -Kids & elder unfriendly -Small community unfriendly

-

-

-

-Lack of economic stimulus & initial funds -unemployment -Lack of business element

+Activity do not base on background and race +Main public facility in different area. +Kids & elder friendly activities +Disencourage gated community

Landscape

Environment

65

+public space +Public furniture +Provide public space is friendly to kids & elder +Wider sidewalk to slowdown the passing speed +Increase the visibility of public space

Community

Financial resourse

-Trash everywhere -Industrial pollution -Flood risk -Lack of nature connection -Lack of connection to nature

Public realm

-

+Green buffer to reduce noise +Sponge park +Encourage local planter +Better accessibility to river +Roof landscape +Green wall +Pocket garden

Green Space Access base on establishing the natrue in this area. The green space system is inserted into pedestrian system to enhance the sense of use of the pedestrian and promote residents to walk around.

Riverside route base on connecting the river to urban daily life, to create the connection for people to interact with river.

Proposals Aims

Objectives

Mobilities Safe street Wakeable street Bike friendly street Connection to nature

Bike lane

Forest path

Street furniture

Gathering friendly steet

Riverside path

Street green infrastructure

Steet lighting

Office buildings

Supermarket

Apartments + workspaces

Education

Food market

Restaurant & bars

Affordable housing

Community park

Elder community

Social square

Library

Community club

Playground

Home of animals

Rain garden

Urban farm

Green house

Residential plants

Street green buffer

Riverbank accessibility

Street bike parking

Street art

Local gallery

Water sports

Skatepark

Nuts bar

Green roof

Liveability

Amenities needs Safety & security Convenience of living Public sanitation Job opportunities

Community

Sense of belonging Esteem needs Minority friendly Age friendly Culture embracement

Environment

Wild animals protection Rain water recycling Waste / rubbish recycling Flood defence Sustainable development

66

DESIGN PROCEDURE Conceptual Analysis

Three main nodes are the identification of surrounding area tant cross and their nature.

Centre Roundabout node

le Kersal Da

Playfield

Mid density Horserace hotel

Roundabout node is the central connection of 5 roads, and 3 roads ar ered to be primary street. In this node, building are mainly featured a cial and working function. Such as, Shops, restaursants, cafes, etc.

Towards Kersal Wetland

Towards

Lower Kersal

Green node

Social club og H y d rol

ic

a al

xi

s

Broughton A ASD rds a t e w To ark erm sup

Com m e r

Low density

Castle Irwell

is l ax

Green axis

cia

Mid density

m Co

s

Low density

Riverview node

Riverview node is the intersection of River irwell and littleton road. Sam node, this node will have a small amount of commercial buildings. Sin is the main feature of this focus. The designof the building should all c around the river view.

Centre Roundabout node Green node

Green tech museum

Mid density

eel park

67

c

xi

Towards P

d ar

w

To

op

h sS

g

n pi

ity

c er m

la ia

The intersection of the green belt and the littleton road is called green Green belt is the connection of Kersal wetland and Peel park. As the n gests, this node is characterized by landscape. Because it intersects w street, there is a small amount of comercial, most of which are reside ings and landscapes.

Riverview node Commercial improvement Landscape improvement River accessibility improvement

as, impor-

Additional Analysis Existing state

Fenced

New construction

Abandoned

Landscape connection

River

Landscape

Path

Street

re considas commer-

This analysis helps to understand how can we connect the green spaces and river.

Connection with 5 minute walk

Flood risk

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Flood defence

40

Sl op e

Basin

0

m

Sl

op

0m

40

e

e

op

Sl

e

m

Slop

0

me as green nce the river considered

This analysis helps to understand the possibility to improve the accessibility.

40

n node. name sugwith high ential build-

This diagram shows the development of three main nodes will cover the Kersal neighbourhood to increase the liveing quailty.

This diagram shows the topography the whole area, where is more risky to collect water.

Risk

Zone 1

Zone 3

68

MASTERPLANNING BRIEF Option 1

OPEN SPACE

35%

COMMERCIAL

(or under housing)

26,251 m²

PUBLIC 30,992 m² OPEN SPACE 30,781 sqm

PUBLIC

Retail

Restaurant

Leisure

35%

Office

30% Museum

Parks

Social club

Square

Parking

Heritage

COMMERCIAL

Playground

Physical model

DEVELOPMENT Cemmercial Dev Public Dev Open space

CURRENT New housing Housing Commercial Institutional Public Sarmad’s proposal 69

Option 2

OPEN SPACE

30%

COMMERCIAL

(or under housing)

39,953 m² PUBLIC 30,992 m²

OPEN SPACE 30,781 sqm

PUBLIC

Retail

Restaurant

Leisure

30%

Office

40% Museum

Parks

Social club

Square

Parking

Heritage

COMMERCIAL

Playground

Physical model

DEVELOPMENT Cemmercial Dev Public Dev Open space

DEVELOPMENT Cemmercial Dev Public Dev Open space

CURRENT New housing Housing Commercial Institutional Public Sarmad’s proposal

CURRENT New housing Housing Commercial Institutional Public Sarmad’s proposal 70

MASTERPLANNING

Comparison : Option1, Option2 & New Islington Option 1

Option 2

New Islington

COMMERCIAL Retail Restaurant Bars Office Leisure Gym........

approx. 26,251 m² 30%

approx. 39,953 m² 40%

60%

PUBLIC

Museum Parking Heritage School Hospital ..........

OPEN SPACE Parks Square Playground Streets........

Conclusion

71

Waulk Mill, Stubbs Mill, Waulk Mill, Chips, Hope Mill Theatre, Tony’s Chippy, Pollen Bakery, Ancoats General Store, Seven Brothers Brewery, Rudy’s Pizza, Jersey Street Social Club, Companio Bakery, Trove, Elnecott, Cask, Aldi, Pure Gym, Port Street Beer House, Band on the Wall

approx. 30,992 m² 35%

approx. 30,781 sqm 35%

approx. 30,992 m² 30%

approx. 30,781 sqm 30%

The difference between option 1 and option 2 is the precentage of commercial use and public use.

Comparing to New Islington, commercial weight is 2 times more than the other two. Considering the Lower kersal is more more suburban than New Islington, So, option 2 will be more suitable for the development in Lower kersal area.

Metrolink New Islington Education, New Islington Free School, Little Learning Ladder Nursery, New Islington Medical Practice, K’s Chemist

18% New Islington Marina, Cotton Field Park, Rochdale Canal, Ashton Canal, Islington Square, Piercy Street

22% In page 56, there are 34 highlghted facilities. Excapt for housing 18 facilities use for conmmercial, 5 facilities use for public, 6 facilities use for open spaces.

Proposed plan

N

Proposed plan, Scale= 1:3000 72

PLANNING ANALYSIS

Land use

Commercial mix-use

4 floors Buildings (12m~14m)

Public

3 floors Buildings (9m~11m)

Work-living

2 floors Buildings (6m~8m)

Residential

1 floor Buildings (3m~5m)

Parking 73

Building heights

Street hierarchy

Commercial shared st

Residential ally

Bus stop

Boulevard

Riverside path

Bike parking

Residential street

Waterway

Scooter parking Kayak stop

74

PLANNING ANALYSIS Open green spaces

75

Importent facade & zones

SuSD Landscape

Facing conmercial st

Landscape

Facing Landscape or residential st

Urban farm/allotment

Facing river

Lighting scheme

Public gethering zone

Every 5 meters(Tall lights)

Semi-public gethering zone

Every 8 meters (Tall lights)

Private gethering zone

Every 10 meters(Tall lights); residential light at the front door place Every 5 meters (Low lights)

76

MASTERPLANNING BREAKDOWN Detail design approachs

3D Masterplan Per

Building usage

Environment

Legand

Refurbrish the old building to provide interesting space and functions, Provides new mix-used buildings to solve the housing issue and lack of amenities.

Office Greenhouse Farmhouse Museum Gallery Workshop/Studio Mixed use buidling Social housing School Restaurant/cafe Cinema Library

Meadows and forest that provide homes for various habitats.

Create landscape helps to defend flood risk. Green technology to reduce carbon emissions.

Rain Garden Spongy park SuDS landscape vegetated roof Wils animal shelters Corbon forest Wetland Detention Pond Riparian Buffer Roof Garden Vertical green

2. Water sports centre

1. Lower Kersal Social club 3.Horse race Hotel 4. Allotment 5.Castle Irwell Parking 6. Cafe 7. Book store 8. Street plaza 9. M&S market 10. Gallery (Heritage) 11. Kersal horserace statue 12. Office building 13. Cromwell Garden 14. Albion Academy Astroturf

Networks

Community space

Improve the street quality to increase the accessibility and the connection to nature. Provides walkable, cycle friendly, disable people friendly, and children friendly streets.

Create spaces helps social gathering, and bring people together without concerning the background, age difference, social level, genders and ethnics.

High street public safe street Riverside path Commercial ally Residential shared street Boulevard Green buffer zone

77

15. Tree of knowledge Park (Spongy)

Social club Playground Local food market Sports field Plazas Community park Skating park Outdoor theater Camp site Urban farm

16. Cafe 17. Restaurant 18. Museum, cafe....

19. Seaford road Park(Spongy) 20. Hight street 21. Wetland Information Centre 22. Castle Irwell Park (Spongy) 23. Green Belt 24. Green-tech centre 25. Urban farm 26. Community Garden 27. Riverside path

rspective

4 27 3

22

22

1 21

2

18 19

5 17 6

26

16

7

20

23

8 9 10

11

12 1 1 1 1

Buildings Community facility Green open space Network Roundabout node Green node Riverview node

15 14

13

25

24 78

VISION OF NODES Roundabout node

79

Green node

Riverview node

80

Street Models Street model overview High street model Boulevard model Residential street model Riverside path model

83 85 87 89 91

How can we improve the route quality?

81

Littleton Road, author’s own (2022)

82

STREET MODEL OVERVIEW

street model planview 1:500 High street

Commercial shared st Residential boulevard Residential street Residential ally Riverside path Waterway

83

Bo

Street feature

Street fe

• • • • • • • •

• • • • • •

Street furnitures.

Cycle lane.

Bike parking.

Planting tree in every 8 meters.

Low green buffer.

Wide sidewalk.

Denser street lights.

Different pavement on sidewalk.

Intens Cycle Bike p Less c Stree Wide

oulevard

Residential street

Riverside path

eature

Street feature

Path feature

sive green. e lane. parking. commercial. et furnitures. green buffer.

• • • • •

• Intensive green.

• Cycle friendly.

• Natrual pavment.

Residential planter.

Cycle lane.

Street parking.

Landscape.

One way road.

84

HIGH STREET MODEL: littleton road

This model applys to where retails and restaurant locate. There are some importent points needs to be followed: • • • • • •

A comfort width of street that allowed people flow from different directions, also for setting tables outside.

Street furniture is necessary to slow down the speed to passing the street.

Having green infrastructure to create shade for comfort.

More street lighting because it’s busier than other type of street.

Easy to access which means can be reach by different transportation(Bus, bike, scooter.....)

Different pavement on walkside to divide zones.

Visualization

85

edgy of street area

edgy of street area

Hight street

2,500mm

7,500mm

3,000mm

1 car lane

gated reasidential territory

sidewalk

1 car lane

bus stop

parking

Development, Littleton Road Section S=1:100

3,100mm

no driving zone

Keymap

vegetation

sidewalk

terraced housing territory

10,000mm

Current Section Improved Section Remove the street parking zone which was invating the sidewalk space.

Convert parking lane into bicycle lanes for cycling and scootering which increase the accessbility and be more susbstaniable.

Convert no driving zone into green buffer zone to reduce noise, but also a part of micro green belt.

Creat more public furnatures for people to stay. Also use the green canopy for protection.

Openning the street to public to increse the weith of sidewalk .

edgy of street area

edgy of street area 1,000mm

8,000mm

3,000mm

1,000mm

3,250mm

10,000mm

1,500mm

2,500mm

7,250mm

vegetation

sidewalk

bus stop

1 car lane

cycle lane

1 car lane

vegetation

cycle lane

sidewalk

vegetation

terraced housing territory

Gated community becomes an open community.

sidewalk

retail building

86

BOULEVARD MODEL: seaford road

This model applys to the street has intensive green infrastructure. There are some importent points needs to be followed: • • • • •

The proportion of green belt and road should be proportional.

Green belt should have tall trees to create shadow for the comfort of walk.

Street furniture is necessary to let people stay..

Street lights can be slightly loose than high streets, but it is necessary to ensure the brightness at night, because the trees have a certain degree of shading.

Pedestrians and Bicycles Priority.

Visualization

87

edgy of street area

edgy of street area

Boulevard

BUS STOP

8,060mm 2,500mm

2,700mm

2 car lane

Keymap

bus stop

sidewalk

5,750mm 8,450mm

parking

housing territory

2,500mm

10,560mm

sidewalk

vegetation

housing territory

Current Section Improved Section Add the bicycle lanes for cycling and scootering which increase the accessbility and be more susbstaniable.

Change the parking to green buffer zone.

Adds small path and seating in the green field.

edgy of street area

edgy of street area BUS STOP

1,000mm

3,650mm

2,500mm

1,000mm

2,700mm

5,750mm 8,450mm

sidewalk

bus stop

1 car lane

cycle lane

1 car lane

green bufferr

sidewalk

3,650mm

10,560mm

cycle lane

housing territory

1,260mm

vegetation

housing territory

88

RESIDENTIAL STREET MODEL: valencia road This model applys to the street with residential housing. There are some importent points needs to be followed: • • • • •

Encourage residents to have plants outside.

Reduce two way car lane to oneway, this is for reduceing the numbers of cars, also less traffic accident.

Having green infrastructure to create shade for comfort.

Converting asphalt roads to stone roads can reduce speed.

Pedestrians and Bicycles Priority.

Visualization

89

edgy of streetedgy area of street area

edgy of streetedgy area of street area

Streetscape

2,150mm 2,000mm

terraced housing territory

1,000mm

vegetation

terraced housing territory

sidewalk

1,175mm

2,000mm

sidewalk

vegetation

5,650mm

1,000mm

cycle lane

1 car lane

3,650mm

1,175mm

cycle lane

cycle lane

vegetation

sidewalk

1 car lane

Low lighting pole to provide sercure feeling at night.

edgy of streetedgy area of street area

3,650mm 5,650mm

1,000mm

1,175mm

Add the bicycle lanes.

cycle lane

vegetation

sidewalk

terraced housing territory

1,175mm

Change the road to one way street.

terraced housing territory

2,000mm

2 car lanes with parking

sidewalk

edgy of streetedgy area of street area

2,000mm

2,150mm

8,000mm

1,000mm

terraced housing territory

3,700mm

sidewalk

2 car lanes with parking

2,150mm

Green zone at the front door to create the confort of walking experience.

2,000mm

2,000mm

8,000mm

2,000mm

Current Section terraced housing territory Improved Section

2,150mm

sidewalk

Keymap

sidewalk

terraced housing territory

3,700mm

terraced housing territory

2,000mm

90

RIVERSIDE PATH MODEL: River Irwell path Visualization

91

edgy edgy of river of river

Streetscape 1,500mm 1,500mm

Landscape Landscape Keymap

This model applys to the path with nature, such as next to river or inside the forest. There are some importent points needs to be followed: •

• •

•

Landscape Landscape

River Irwell River Irwell

Current Section Improved Section Add benches to create a place of stay.

Wider the path to allow opposit diection.

Add lighting to improof safety at night.

edgy edgy of river of river

•

Using local natural stones as the road surface can reduce the muddy feeling on rainy days.

Increase outdoor furniture to create the place of stay.

Add trash bins to reduce man-made waste.

Add low street lights to increase the brightness at night, and the low street lights will not bring vision distractions Increase road width while allowing pedestrians and cyclists in both directions.

path path

4,000mm 4,000mm

Landscape Landscape

path path

Landscape Landscape

River Irwell River Irwell 92

Social club & Water sport centre Phase of development Site location Exisiting building Case studies Material studies Design programme Conceptual diagram Site plan Programme Ground level plan Detail plans Elevations & sections Visualizations

95 97 99 101 105 107 109 111 113 115 117 119 121

What’s next?

93

Kersal Way, author’s own (2022)

94

PHASE OF DEVELOPMENT Development phase plan

The entrie masterplan will be time consuming to develop. To delevlop it in 4 phases will help the efficience. Phase 1 is more about main buildings and main roads. all the phase 1 projects will start to develop at the same time. once it completed. it can be used while the phase 2 is on-going.

PHASE 1 : Refurbished & main buildings of three nodes

PHASE 2 : Development of roads & around three nodes

1. Social club reburbish 2. Water sports center & surrounding landscape 3. Horserace hotel reburbish, surrounding landscape 4. Mix use commercial + parking block 5. Commercial centre 6. Heritage convert to Gallery 7. New mix use office building 8. Horserace statue 9. New landscape 10. Mix use residential, office & commercial block 11. Mix use public & commercial block 12. Kersal wetland information centre 13. Littleton road improvement 14. Riverside path development

1. Seaford road improvement 2. Wetland road development (new boulevard )

PHASE 3 : Other servces & roads

1. 2 stories residential housing block 2. New landscape 3. 2 stories mix use commercial & housing block 4. 2 stories residential housing block 5. 2 stories residential housing block 6. New landscape 7. 2 stories residential housing block 8. 2 stories residential housing block 9. 2 stories residential housing block 10. Urban farm facility 11. Urban farm facility 12. New landscape

1. Road improvement 2. New residential roads development 3. Mix use residential & commercial block 4. 2 stories residential apartment block 5. 2 stories residential housing block 6. New landscape 7. New mix use office building 8. Horserace statue 9. New landscape 10. New landscape 95

3. Mix use office & commercial buildings 4. New landscape 5. New residential road development 6. Mix use residential, office & commercial block 7. Mix use residential, office & commercial block 8. New landscape 9. 2 stories residential apartment block 10. Mix use parking & apartment block

PHASE 4 : Housings & landscape around

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

3

1 2 13

4

6 6

8

6 7

Selected site from Phase 1 PHASE 3

PHASE 4

14

12

11

10 9 2

1 9

6

3 2

1

2

4

5

8

10

7

11

3

4

4

8

12

3

10

10 9

7

5

5

7

8

7 1

In this selected site, the development inludes: 1. Social club reburbish, and rethink the space around it.

5

2. Water sports center, also how can we use this new building to connect people and river.

8 9

96

SITE LOCATION Site appraisal

Allotment

Housing

n Road

el rw

Littleto 1

l

Horse race Hotel (Littleton Rd Pub)

rI

4

2

ve

Lower Kersal Social club is a semi-open facility for local community gathering. It contains bar, restaurant, play area, and banquet for ceremonies.

3

Ri

rd Rd

o Stamf

New path New

buil

t we

ir River I

rwell

N

97

Housing

Horse race hotel First opened in 1930 under the stewardship of Salford brewery Groves and Whitnall.

Now, The Racecourse Hotel is open under new management, and is serving Sam Smiths’ only remaining cask-conditioned beer, its Old Brewery Bitter. The brewery is considering plans to reopen the first floor letting rooms in the nottoo-distant future.

1

Current condition & Opportunities

Car Park Entrance

The entrance for car park but also use for the field.

Guests Entrance Unclear entrance and poor engagement with the main street (Littleton Road).

2

Lower Kersal Social Club 1280 sqm

The Field 1330 sqm

Independent abandoned corridor, not part of a residential area.

Car park Car park 570 sqm

3

New Entrance

New

4

Poor performanced Car park.

N

New Landscape

River

side

New main entrance is facing to main road.

Path

River Irw

ell

The Field

The feild has poor performance of use; there are some table set on the east side.

Social Club redesign?

Water sports centre

98

EXISITING BUILDING: lower kersal social club Building appraisal

Trees block the view

Rubbish ally

Fenced

River Irwell Tall trees 7

9

99

1

2

3

4

5

7

8

9

5 1 3

10

4

2 8 6

Legand 1. Lobby

2. Bar area

3. Pool table 4. Stage

5. Video game machine 6. Terrace

7. The table set next to the field 8. Warehouse

9. Car parking 10. Banquet 6

100

CASE STUDIES : water sports facility Relationship with river Kayak Club by Gril Kikelj Arhitekti

Celje, Slovenia Area : 580 m²

The afternoon sunlight illuminates the top of Anski Vrh hill and reflects off the surface of the rather fast Savinja River.

The basic design principle of the kayak center was to construct a shelter, a roof in the form of an overturned boat. The steps of the outdoor tiers are well harmonized with the river bank slope and attached to the buildinq’s base. The kayak club exhibits various features to the environment, depending on the viewpoint.

The river is surrounded by cliffs, occasionally creating whitewater sections suitable for kayaking. People from th town of Celje are walking along the Savinja walkways. Rivet banks in any urban habitat are areas of great architectural interest, especially where urban path s and roads connect with the river environment.

101

Space design base on riverview

Canoeing Training Center MOSM by RS + Robert Skitek

Tychy, Poland Area : 393 m²

The Paprocany lake is a very important place for its inhabitants, mainly for recreational reasons.

On the other side, the building was surrounded by green slopes. There is a great view of the lake from the roof, so we decided to take an additional path there.

These solutions caused a space in front of building with tribune, covered part and the whole roof became attractive public space and next part of wharf important to people.

Canoe section gained a new audience, fans, and potential pupils and its work is becoming visible and transparent.

102

CASE STUDIES : water sports facility

Kayak facility design

The Floating Kayak Club by FORCE4 Architects

Vejle Fjord, Denmark Area : 500 m²

As the building floats, the relationship between the building and the water is so close that the user gets the full experience of practicing the sport in its true environment.

Two volumes, one dedicated to the users, the other to the kayaks, creates a courtyard surrounding a central water space angled to give the users full advantage of the direct sailing route into the fjord. The central water space strengthens the community and supports a ‘club-feeling’.

Outdoor activities relating to community training and playing are raised to the roof deck, which in various ways is enabled with sport activities, barbecue area, outdoor kitchen, dining area and sundeck. The two volumes and the upper and lower decks are connected via ramps, walkways and stairs in a continuous movement, which allows a loop flow.

103

Boat warehouse attachment design Steilneset Memorial

by Peter Zumthor and Louise Bourgeois

Timber frame truss and iron wires

Hudson River Pavilion

Kayak Club

Steel frame fixed hull

Iron mesh box to storage the boat

by Architecture Research Office

by Inessa Hansch & Michel Desvigne

104

MATERIAL STUDIES

The Construction Material Pyramid

Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT)

The Construction Material Pyramid is a way of visualizing the environmental impact associated with the production of materials. It also makes it possible to view different kinds of environmental impacts across the different materials.

Across the world, cross-laminated timber (CLT) is one of the most sustainiable material. It is produced with responsibly souced material. It can be used as structure and as finishing.

What are the possible material for this project?

How its made.

1000 kg CO2 eq / m3

ca

rb

on

em

iss

ion

CO

2e

q/

m

3

10000 kg CO2 eq / m3

100 kg CO2 eq / m3

10 kg CO2 eq / m3

0 kg CO2 eq / m3

It is created by Centre for Industrialised Architecture, Royal Danish Academy 105

Unfired Clay Brick

Living Roof

Unfired clay masonry construction can be used for both loadbearing and non-loadbearing walls. In the UK, traditional unfired clay block (‘clay lump’) buildings are commonplace in some areas of East Anglia.

Flat or low-slope roofs cover partial or entire vegetation, such as grass or other small plants, preferably native to the area.

Green roofs help lessen the heat island effect caused by collected heat from concrete, asphalt, and other construction materials in urban areas.

Why specify unfired clay brick and block?

Advantages • Familiar form of construction • Hygroscopic environmental regulation • Low-carbon form of masonry • Low waste and ease of reuse/recycling • Thermal mass • Vapour-permeable wall construction

Limitations • Careful detailing needed for exposed areas • Low strength • Natural soil units are prone to water deterioration • Requires time and shelter during drying on site before finishes can be applied • Specialist mortars can be required for thin walls • Suitability of rendered external finishes limits application • Use limited to above damp-proof course or equivalentl evel • Very low U-values will require thicker walls than some competing materials 106

DESIGN PROGRAMME : water sports facility

Kayak on Arno River in Florence

Kayak Route on River Irwell Total 4.56 km

Kersal Dale

Stop 1 Depth: 2.074m, rising

Starting point

Kersal Wetland

Playfield

Site Weir

Starts

Depth: 0.77m, steady

Stop 1

Stop 2

Ends

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Adelphi Weir

Depth: 0.161m, steady

About Kayak

In fact, there are boats that can easily glide through the water even if it is only 6 inches(0.1524 meters) deep. This can be possible without touching the river bottom, as long as it is a level bottom and not rocky.

Ending point

Peel Park

Salford Art Gallery

Stop 2

In some cases, you should have no problem floating your boat at a water level that’s only about 5 inches (0.127meters) deep.

BRIFE OVERVIEW Zonning

Programme Public space

Social club Lobby Benquat Restaruant Bar Pool table area W.C. Kitchen Corridor Terrace

Social club

Landscape

Water sports zone

Water sports facility

Entrance

River Irw

ell

550m²

Technical room Gym W.C. Office Cloakroom Store room Deck

Landscape

N

1280m²

Car park

1500m²

Using public car park on Littleton road

CIRCULATION Main entrance

Riverside entre

Service circulation

Entre river

Guest circulation

Connections

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CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAMS Volumetric study

3 VOLUMES

The brief is converted into three rational volumes, including the existing building.

3 INSTITUTIONS

Each with an individual identity and envirnment.

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FACADE LINE

The volumes are streched to adapt to the site and suroundings.

INSIDE-OUT

Each building opens up to the outside and share the enviroment inside.

FLOW & ARRIVAL

The volumes are shaped to create a smooth flow and arrival.

LEVEL CHANGE

Roof level, pedestrian level and water level are all accessible from exterior.

COURTYARD

The volumes are hollowed out to ccreat a courtyard to connect 2 buildings.

ZONES

Different zones are created along the connection where buildings meet the courtyard.

Conceptual Ideas Roof terrace

Landscape continuity

Roof connect with the flood defence level.

Visitors could enjoy the 360 degree view.

The landscape continuously carry through the interior of water sports center.

Flood resisrance boad storage

Kayak boat storage facing the riverside to provide convinence for the kayakers. Kayak boats attach to the stracture to defend the flood during the rainy season.

2 Decks

Roof connect with the flood defence level.

Visitors could enjoy the 360 degree view.

Roof terrace

New roof

Step & sitting

Standing deck Seating deck Kayak boat storage

Deck+path

Water sport centre

Courtyard

Terrace

Social club

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SITE PLAN Legand

1. Entrance area

2. Outdoor table setting area 3. Entrance hill

4. Water sports centre

15

5. Deck 1

6. Deck 2 (Kayak boat storage entrance) 7. Steps to river

8. Lower Kersal Social club 9. Ally way

9

10. Outdoor table setting area

8

11. Courtyard

10

12. Field side hill 13. The field

14

14. Rain garden

13

15. Back street

2

11

1

12 3 4

5 6

7

N

111

Site Plan

Scale=1:500

CIRCULATIONS

Social club & Water sports centre

Slope leads to the roof

Brick tile Roof

Living Roof 1st floor

Boat storage deck

Structure

Ground floor

Terrace Ground floor

Rain garden

Service Visitor Towards Landscape Towards River

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PROGRAMME

Programme diagram Social club guests Water sports guests Solid outdoor gathering space Green gathering space Back/Servace space

Club Social to ld The fie

Club Social to ard Courty

raining Gym&t to tion t parea n e m Equip entre sport c r e t a W to ard Courty

e ntranc Main e to e t centr r o p s r Wate

re

t ort cen p s r e t Wa to River N

113

Programme area Courtyard

Lower Kersal Social club Name Stage area Benquat Restaruant Bar Pool table area Toilet man& woman Multipurpose toilet Kitchen Storage room Corridor Terrace Gym Shower room+Toilet Technical room

Area 40sqm 224sqm 146sqm 77sqm 55sqm 31sqm 4.3sqm 145sqm 31.7sqm 95sqm 160sqm 159sqm 53sqm 23sqm

933sqm

Riverview Deck 210sqm

Boat Storage Deck

Name Area Deck 2 136sqm Kayak boat storage 62.2sqm total:198.2sqm

total: 1267sqm

The field

Water Sports Centre

1215sqm

Rain Garden

305sqm

1st Floor residential Name Stairs Living room Corridor Terrace Bed room1 Bed room2 Bathroom

Area 40sqm 224sqm 146sqm 77sqm 55sqm 31sqm 4.3sqm

Area Name 8.2sqm Bar 16sqm Storage Relaxation hall+corridor 167sqm 173sqm Indoor grass hill 53sqm Cloak+ shower room 16sqm Toilet man& woman Green Roof

total: 433.2sqm

624sqm

total: 1267sqm

Isometric site plan

No scale 114

GROUND LEVEL PLAN

Kitchen

W.C. (M)

Corridor

Social Club

Banquet

W.C. (F)

Stage Back room

Stairs

Stage

W.C. (F)

Shower

Gym

Pool table area Outdoor terrace

Rain garden

Bar area Restaurant

The field Terrace with canopy

Outdoo

The courtyard

Water Sp N

115

Ground Level Plan

Scale=1:300

Terrace with canopy

Cafetery

Outdoor table area

The courtyard

Main entrance

W.C. (M)

Technical room W.C. (F)

Relaxation hall

Entrance grass hill

W.C. (M)

Storage Indoor grass hill Clock Shower

or terrace

Water Sports centre

Kayak boad storage

Deck 2

ports centre N

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DETAIL PLANS Water sports centre

Entrance

W.C. (M)

Outdoor table area

Relaxation hall

Glass certain

Entrance grass hill

W.C. (F)

Storage Clock (M)

Shower

Indoor grass hill

Steps

Shower

Clock (F)

Riverside path Deck 1 Deck 2

Stone steps

Ground Floor Plan 117

Scale=1:150

Lower Kersal Social club residential part Lower Kersal social club is a 2 stories building. Ground floor is for public use, 1st floor is for private use.

Selection key plan Terrace

Lobby Reading room

Bed room 2

Kitchen Living room

Bathroom

Bed room 3

N

1st Floor Plan

Bed room 1

G Floor Plan

Scale=1:100 118

ELEVATIONS & SECTIONS

Riverside elevation Scale=1:150

Boat storage section Scale=1:150

Long section 119

Scale=1:150

Section key plan

120

VISUALIZATIONS View

121

1

View

2

2

3

4

1

Key plan 1. Sitting on the entrance grass hill 2. Entrance view 3. The view from the field 4. Walk down from the roof

View

3

View

4

122

VISUALIZATIONS View

123

5

View

6

7 6

5

8

Key plan 5. View of the path toward to deck 6. Courtyard view from the neighbourhood 7. Standing at the terrace 8. Look at the boat storage deck

View

7

View

8

124

Conclution Final vision Outcomes

127 128

What can we learn from this project?

125

River Irwell, author’s own (2022)

126

CONCLUSION Final vision

127

Outcomes

Salford is part of Great Manchester. Through this research, from a historical point of view, the site has undergone many reorganizations to become what it is today. The positive feature at this stage is that it has become a place of the heavy landscape. Wild birds and mammals find homes in Kersal Dale and Kersal Wetland. While the new immigrant group is growing gradually, there are problems with the living standards of the residents of the site, and these problems are inseparable from the surroundings and the environment. While physical environmental problems exist, such as lack of housing, public security, low accessibilities, etc. Humanistic problems must also be taken into account. Such as Racial discrimination, geographical discrimination, religious discrimination, etc. How can these problems be alleviated by improving the urban environment?

In this report, the proposal is not only aimed at improving the living environment and people’s living standards but also encouraging the construction of activity venues without national and cultural boundaries while planning is also conducive to improving the gap between ethnic groups and different race groups. For example, sport is an activity without borders. While enjoying sports, the distance between people will be shortened. The water sports centre is the It is from this perspective that the sports center is considered. In addition to this advantage, it also shortens the distance between man and nature.

128

Bibliography Book & Magazines Articales Websites & Blogs Government publication Maps

129

131 132 132 132 132

Cromwell Road, author’s own (2022)

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BIBLIPGRAPHY Books & Magazines

Atelier BowWow (2009) Echo of Space / Space of Echo.

INAX-Shuppan (1 Nov. 2009)

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Life between buildings : using public space.

Washington, DC: Island Press.

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Forty, A. (2012) Words and buildings : a vocabulary of modern architecture.

First paperback edn. New York: Thames &

Cullen, G. (1961).

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London: Architectural Press.

Kaijima, M. et al.

(2018) Architectural Ethnography - Japanese Pavilion Venice Biennale 2018.

Toto (1 Mar. 2018).

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Southworth, M. and Ben-Joseph, E. (2003) Streets and the Shaping of Towns and Cities

Tsing, A.L. (2015).

The mushroom at the end of the world : on the possibility of life in capitalist ruins. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

SIM, D., & GEHL, J. (2019). Soft city: building density for everyday life.

Articales

Websites & Blogs

Government publications

Collarte, N., 2014. The American Woonerf: Creating Livable and Attractive Shared Streets (Doctoral dissertation, Tufts University).

Bela, J., Kawaguchi, M. and Dockstader, C. (2014) A REGIONAL AND NEIGH-BORHOOD GREENWAY. Gehl.

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Salford partnership (2002). ‘Regenerating a Great City: Salford’s Neighbourhood Renewal Strategy’

Di Bella, A. and Mitrovic, M. (2020) ‘Acoustic Characteristics of Cross-Laminated Timber Systems’. Sustainability. Sustainability, 12(14) p. 5612.

Elliott, J.R., Toole, J., Barlow, J., Bentzen, B.L., Porter, C., Lohse, K., Lockwood, I. and Systematics, C., 2017. Accessible Shared Streets Notable Practices and Considerations for Accommodating Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities.

Millington, N. (2015). From urban scar to ‘park in the sky’: terrain vague, urban design, and the remaking of New York City’s High Line Park. Environment and planning. A, 47(11), pp.2324–2338.

Spokane, A. R. et al. (2007) ‘Identifying Streetscape Features Significant to Well-Being.’ Archit Sci Rev. 2007 September 1; 50(3): 234–245.

Rehan, R. M. (2013) ‘Sustainable streetscape as an effective tool in sustainable urban design.’ Housing and Building National Research Center. 9, pp. 173-186.

Winters, A. and An, M.R.P., 2015. UNDERSTANDING COMPLETE STREETS: A LOOK INTO HOW A COMPLETE STREET PROJECT IS DEFINED AND INFLUENCED WITHIN THE GREATER GOLDEN HORSESHOE REGION. Zhang, G., He, B.-J., Zhu, Z. and Dewancker, B. J. (2019) ‘Impact of Morphological Characteristics of Green Roofs on Pedestrian Cooling in Subtropical Climates’.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(2) p. 179.

CUSHMAN & WAKEFIELD. (2019) Stalybridge Town Centre Challenge Draft Final Strategy. [Online] [Accessed on 28th October 2020] https://tameside.moderngov. co.uk/documents/s72940/ITEM%206a%20-%20APPENDIX%201%20-%20Stalybridge%20Town%20Centre%20Challenge%20FINAL.pdf Kersal flat blog (2007)‘Kersal Flats: A History of Their Rise & Fall, and of the area of Lower Kersal’ [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] http://www.kersalflats. co.uk/index.html Modin, A., Søholt, H. and Risom, J. (2008) TRANSFORMING MEXICO CITY INTO A CYCLING CITY. Gehl. [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] http://https://gehlpeople.com/work/projects/ Outpost(2022) Twickenham Riverside Proposals. [Online] [Accessed on 28th June 2022] http://outpostlondon.com/twickenham Patowary, K. (2021) ‘Copenhagen’s Potato Row’.

Amusingplanet.[Online] [Accessed on 28th June 2022] https://www.amusingplanet.com/2021/03/copenhagens-potato-row.html Steinberg, L.(2015) ‘Woonerf: Inclusive and Livable Dutch Street’ Humankind. [Online] [Accessed on 28th June 2022] https://www.humankind.city/post/woonerf-inclusive-and-livable-dutch-street

Postcodearea (n. d.)’ DEMOGRAPHICS IN M7 4PQ’ Postcodearea [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] https:// www.postcodearea.co.uk/postaltowns/manchester/ m74pq/demographics/ The Greater Manchester Town Centre. (2020) Stalybridge: Our Place, Our Plan. [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] https://www.tameside.gov.uk/TamesideMBC/media/policy/J002446-Stalybridge-Town-Centre-Challenge-Strategy-V5-NO-FOREWORD.pdf

Maps Digimap. (n. d.). ‘Historical maps of the site’ [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] https://digimap.edina.ac.uk/ historic Digimap. (n. d.). ‘Aerial maps of the site’ [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] https://digimap.edina.ac.uk/ aerial Google Earth (n. d.). ‘3D maps of the site’ [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] https://earth.google.com/ web/

Vous Architecture & Design. (2021) Summer Shores Installations. Archidaily. [Online] [Accessed on 4th March 2022] https://www.archdaily.com/971262/ summer-shores-installations-vous-architec-tureand-design?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab

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Studio B+C MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE MA ARCHITECTURE & URBANISM

SHARED

COMMUNITY IN

PROGRASS

Regenerating and developing the neighbourhood in Lower Kersal