The ecoREAL Mission: WBE/ESB #6977
Preserving the integrity of real sustainable practices through an integrated process that creates profitable business and building strategies.
TBL Sustainability Gap Assessment: LEEDv3, LEEDv4, Architecture 2030 & Well Synergies
Project: Portland Building Reconstruction
Date: 06/07/16
Summer Gorder LEED AP+BD&C, Assoc. AIA
President, ecoREAL, LLC W/ESB #6977
d: 503.303.8367 ext. 1
c: 503.703.6213
f: 503.914.0476
404 NW 10th Ave. Ste. 201 Portland, OR 97209
1. Executive Summary, pages 3-5
2. Triple Bottom Line LEEDv4 & Well Synergy Assessment
a. Integrative Process, pages 6
b. Location & Transportation, pages, 7-13
c. Sustainable Sites, pages 14-21
d. Water Efficiency, pages 22-28
e. Energy and Atmosphere, pages 29-35
f. Materials and Resources, pages 36-47
g. Indoor Environmental Quality, 48-59
3. Addendum: Preliminary LEEDv4 Path to Platinum and Well Scorecard and Certification Comparison Chart i
The Portland Building is an ideal opportunity to transform a building suffering from “sickbuilding” syndrome into a beacon of health, wellness and sustainability for the City. The envelope is an iconic design by the famous architect Michael Graves, which has designated it a historic building. Consequently, there are inherent limitations to modifying the site orientation, glazing and façade. Although there is a wide array of sustainable strategies that can optimize the building and people’s performance. This requires a holistic approach to each design decision considering the environmental impact, life cycle cost, and human health, cultural and community enhancements. The first step is applying this triple bottom line assessment to a Sustainable Gap Analysis that addresses each strategy, system, and design feature through those lenses as one. The building’s “bows” could epitomize a present of health and wellness to City Staff that will be translated to the community through their work, and Well Building features could significantly enhance tenant satisfaction.
The original assumption was following the LEEDv3 criteria, but LEEDv4 as an option may present more synergies to the City’s overarching sustainability goals, and operations and maintenance protocols. It focuses more on surrounding location and transportation, energy and water metering, building material optimization and disclosure (e.g. Healthy Product Declarations), and indoor environmental quality that encompasses more of the human wellness aspects. This human-centric design can be further enhanced by the Well Building Standard that provides a system of metrics that optimize building features to enhance human health and wellness in the built environment. The City of Portland intends to improve the health and well-being of the staff and citizens utilizing the Portland Building by integrating these principals into the design. There are many synergies with the LEEDv4 Rating System's Indoor Environmental Quality category, and the Well Building Standard is on the GBCI's same Online Certification platform to provide ease in integration pursuing both goals. The current building already started to integrate Wellness features, such as the Work-out rooms, and day-care, which could be enhanced with more areas of respite weaved throughout the building.
Energy Trust of Oregon provides additional incentives through their new Path to Net Zero Program for further energy analysis in early design to achieve the Architecture 2030 goals for 70% reduction in Energy Use. There will need to be coordination between disciplines at each phase to pursue incentives for designing and implementing innovative energy efficiency measures for MEP systems, envelope, and daylighting, including their interactive performance. The initial meeting with Elin Shepherd of Energy Trust covered an overview of the eco- charrette that will happen once the collaborative team is onboard. There was also a discussion about a possible partnership with the other non-profit NEEA to utilize their new “Spark” Building Renewal tool to assist the deep green retrofit as a case study.
ecoREAL’s Green Building Integrative Management process and tools are being adapted to the City’s goals for this project to inject sustainability into the collaborative project delivery process, and guide the LEED certification process. The goal is to get crossdisciplinary feedback on sustainability goals, and continuously track progress. The set-up starts with a Sustainability Management Matrix to assess LEED credit criteria, strategies, and assign roles and responsibilities, as well as highlight Well Building synergies and other goals established by the team and City stake-holders. The metrics are custom fit based on the performance goals from the City, and will later incorporate the feedback from team during the eco-charrette. It will continue to evolve throughout the course of the project.
The GBIM Heathy Material Tracking software can facilitate integrating LEED and Well Building goals into the specifications to ensure goals can be achieved, and streamline documentation and verification throughout the design and construction process. The tracking reports can be shared in real-time online. As the project progresses, the results could be combined with the Building Automation System for lobby or online dashboards for public viewing to educate the staff and community about the Green Building features. This can showcase the City’s dedication to health, wellness and sustainability. The goals we set in pre-design establish a target, and these collaboration tools help navigate the collaborative team down that course. Establishing goals clearly in the planning stage can provide cost avoidance later, and provide a frame-work to follow.
*Costs are intended to be a rough reference to help the team prioritize further investigation the costs are not general assumptions, not intended for budgeting
The triple bottom line provides a value propositoin that takes environemntal, economic and social impacts into consideration for design and construction strategies. This report provides a preliminary assessment of the benefits and trade-offs of LEED strategies through a triple bottom line lens. Social impacts are rated on a scale of basic Health, Safety and Welfare to Cultural Enrichment that not only effect the City staff and community members that are within the building but also how it relates to the greater community. Environmental Performance is based on lowering the impact of the building on virgin materials, potable water, energy use, which results in a lower Carbon Footprint. The economic bottom line goes beyond first costs to take into consideration the lifecycle cost impacts of a strategy from pre-design through operation and maintenance. This framework can be integartaed with the value engineering process that traditionally only looks at first costs to realize long-term savings through return on investment over the life of the product or system. The report also takes into account strategies within the LEED rating system to maximize performance and scoring to achieve certification goals. Consequently, synergies betweeen comfort, controllability and performance inter-relate
between all three pedastals of the triple bottom line and multiple LEED categories. This information can be integrated into education dashboards in the lobby for the public or on internal intranet sites, etc.
• Reduced operating and maintenance costs through efficiency measures
• Return on Wellness through productivity, reduced stress, and less sick days
• Building and operational strategies that create a healthier interior
• Verification of Environmental Leadership that is internationally recognized
• A demonstrated public commitment to environmental goals
• “Future ready” as codes change and costs of energy & water increase Example: Financial Benefits of Green Buildings per Square Foot
Productivity and Health Value
Subtotal
$36.90 - $55.30
$52.90 - $71.30
Average Extra Cost of Building Green (- $3.00 to -$5.00)
Total 20-year Net Benefit
Well Building Summary:
$50 to $65 ($14.30 direct gain)
Human health and well-being are complex issues requiring comprehensive and interconnected approaches to optimize wellness conditions. Research reveals that the physical environment plays a significant role in day-to-day health and productivity. The Well Building Standard is founded on an integrated approach that draws from this research to reimagine real estate as a viable venue for health promotion. A WELL Certified™ building creates the conditions that contribute to reduced stress, more restful sleep, increased energy and vitality, improved nutrition, increased fitness, reduced susceptibility to disease and reduced exposure to pollutants and harmful chemicals, as well as other benefits described in this document. The goal is to take the next bold leap and create buildings that not only are better for the planet – but also for its inhabitants. The Portland Building could be on the cutting edge of the wave.
• Return on Wellness risks and rewards: Healthier Buildings A public procurement guide to safer products for new construction and existing buildings Version 1: October 2015
People spend 90% of their life indoors on average, and are 90% of the of expense over the life of the building.
o Strong scientific evidence links toxic chemicals to some chronic diseases. For example, over 200 chemicals are known, or reasonable anticipated to be human carcinogens, including diesel particulate matter, formaldehyde, vinyl chloride, and styrene. Many of these chemical are found in building materials.
o Managing chronic diseases is costly for individuals and families, as well as our society. Medical expenses and the associated losses in productivity that result from missing work from chronic diseases cost an estimated $13 billion in Oregon in 2010.
In summary, the Well Building goes beyond our traditional thinking that building just human, but treats them as an extension of the human, as our existential exterior, or even the human spirit creating harmony in our bodies, and as a community.
Partially aligns with the Well Standard
IDc1: Integrative Process – 1 point
Beginning in pre-design and continuing throughout the design phases, identify and use opportunities to achieve synergies across disciplines and building systems.
The Integrative Process with all team members working together, and solving problems to meet shared performance goals streamlines the documentation process. Additionally, more innovation can be explored with a multi-faceted perspective to solutions. Energy Trust’s Path to Net Zero program provides incentives for 75% of costs of Energy Modeling.
Impact & Certifications: Well Feature #85 synergy under the Mind category.
Energy Trust Incentives for the Path to Net Zero program provides $10,000 for Ecocharrette to kick-start the integrative process with all disciplines participating in an interactive workshop. The discussion was then translated into ecoREAL’s GBIM tools.
Overview:
The lobby area could engage the occupants and community with a Living Lab that exhibits and educates visitors about innovative products from local business and sustainable strategies planned for the Portland Building. Signage could educate visitors of sustainable measures and the history of the City of Portland’s ongoing leadership. This could include interactive dashboards tied into Building Automation Systems, signage and exhibits that quantify performance in real time, and encourage people to engage with the sustainable attributes of the built environment. Additionally, interactive dashboards could help quantify the triple bottom line savings on the environment, community inside and outside the building, and life cycle cost savings.
The intent is to avoid the development of environmentally sensitive lands and reduce the environmental impact from the location of a building on a site.
Aligns
The infill site in downtown allows people to connect to their local community
Similar to LEEDv3 credit requirements that are inherently met by the project location in an urban setting. By building within the heart of the City virgin resources, and fossil fuels for building don’t need to be used new infrastructure for roads, electricity, plumbing, etc.
No added cost base on project location and site context.
The intent is to reduced motor vehicle use, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and other environmental and public health harms associated with motor vehicle use by locating a building in a site context with multi-modal options.
Explain benefits to pursuing this strategy/LEED Credit/ Well Feature in relation to health, wellness and community enrichment of the people working in, visiting and the surrounding context. Example: IEQ and Productivity
Reduced fossil fuels for single car use, and need for parking infrastructure that impacts storm-water runoff, heat island effect, and reduced green space. Also, encourages more community interaction, and reduced carbon footprint of the City to contribute to Climate Action Plan.
No cost because of Portland’s multi-modal options for transportation.
Bicycle amenities encourage less traffic in
City Code Requirements:
· According to City Code Table 266-6 under “Community Service” we need 46 long term spaces (1/10,000sf) meets LEEDv4 criteria and 46 short term spaces (1/10,000sf) is half the required.
· Short term (visitors) bike parking are outside within 50 feet of the entry.
· Long term (employees) are covered and within 300 feet of the building
Recommendation to incorporate the deficit of short-term bike racks as an art piece if the adjacent site can be utilized.
Less traffic in neighborhoods means reduced carbon emissions. The reduced need for parking also has synergies with open space.
LEED Requirements
· Short term and long term bike parking within 100 feet of the entry.
· Need 46 long term spaces (5% of FTEs) and 72 short term spaces (2.5% of visitors).
· Need 7 showers (1 per 1st 100 FTEs plus 1 per 150 additional FTEs).
• Bike racks =$5/FTE
• Enclosed storage system (assume $150/sf and 25sf/bike)= $188/FTE
• Showers/changing rooms= $400/ .5 FTE
• Showers= $4000 shower, sink (including piping), lockers, benches in room (including square footage), and MEP requirements.
Encourages alternate means of transportation that could involve more community interaction on mass transit, carpooling or transportation that improve fitness, such as biking, walking, etc.
This credit reduces the needed for parking infrastructure that contributes to storm-water runoff, heat island and reduction of green space. Projects earning 1 or more points under either LT Credit Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses or LT Credit Access to Quality Transit must achieve a 40% reduction from the base ratios.
The credit intent is to reduce pollution by promoting alternatives to conventionally fueled automobiles. Clearly identify and enforce for sole use by green vehicles. Distribute preferred parking spaces proportionally among various parking sections (e.g. between short-term and long-term spaces).
This credit impacts community enrichment by encouraging a paradigm shift to more Green Vehicles by providing ore infrastructure and incentives. Therefore, air quality will improve, and demand for fossil fuels will reduce.
Similar to LEEDv3 designate 5% of all parking spaces used by the project as preferred parking for green vehicles.
Encouraging low-emitting vehicles results in reduced carbon emissi ons from low emitting vehicles. Correlates to Climate Action Plan goals.
Green vehicles must achieve a minimum green score of 45 on the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide (or local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.) [Europe ACP: Green Vehicles] [South America ACP: Green Vehicles].
A discounted parking rate of at least 20% for green vehicles is an acceptable substitute for preferred parking spaces. The discounted rate must be publicly posted at the entrance of the parking area and permanently available to every qualifying vehicle.
• Preferred parking for low-emitting vehicles for 5% of total capacity= $0
Option 1. Electric vehicle charging
Install electrical vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in 2% of all parking spaces used by the project. Clearly identify and reserve these spaces for the sole use by plug-in electric vehicles. Parking spaces that include EVSE must be provided separate from and in addition to preferred parking spaces for green vehicles.
Option 2. Liquid, gas, or battery facilities
Install liquid or gas alternative fuel fueling facilities or a battery switching station capable of refueling a number of vehicles per day equal to at least 2% of all parking spaces.
• Alternative-fuel refueling stations for 3% of total capacity (Electric) = $5,000$10,000 each
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Partially aligns with the Well Standard
New Credit Relates to Portland City Policy
Sustainable Sites requirement relate to how the building effects the larger community and natural environment, which correlates to the City’s over-arching goals. This takes into consideration both storm water management, heat effect and open space for the building area. Synergies between these strategies is crucial. For example, Rainwater Management is more feasible if Reuse of on-site collection is for toilet flushing, and/or Green-roof. In regard to the Green-roof, it needs to specify native and adaptive species, and meet soil remediation requirements to meet protect and restore habitat criteria for 30% of the roof. A general recommendation is to assess local options (e.g. “Tuff Stuff”) that is low maintenance, modular for flexibility and does not require permanent irrigation, which is a synergy with Outdoor Water Use Reduction for areas that will not be occupied by people.
The credit entails completing an assessment including typography, hydrology, climate, vegetation, soils, human use and human health effects.
The assessment takes into consideration human use and health effects to avoid interaction with harmful contaminants, and take advantage of natural resource that enhance the human experience to have positive physiological results from natural daylight, ventilation, and areas of respite such as the riverfront.
By assessing the site topography, micro & macro climate, hydrology, and taking an inventory of natural resources the team can make informed decisions about building orientation, glazing, storm-water management, natural ventilation and techniques for mitigating the environmental impact by working in harmony with the natural conditions of the site.
PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED site: Restore or protect a minimum of 50% (75%ID) of the site (excluding the building) or 20% (30%ID) of the total site area (including building).
Greenroof is necessary with native and adaptive species.
This credit rejuvenates the natural biodiversity of the site by adding back native and adaptive species in green space, which will have to be captured with the Green-roof if that adjacent space is excluded.
More open space can allow for better on-site infiltration, therefore reducing heat island affect. Vegetation could also be used for passive day-lighting strategies and for reducing cooling loads in the summer. Also provides more natural habitat for species.
Synergies:
• SSc5.2 Site Development Maximize Open Space
• SSc6.1 Stormwater Management Quantity Control
• SSc6.2 Stormwater Management Quality Control
• SSc7.2 Heat Island Effect Roof
• WEc1 Water Efficient Landscaping
• EAp2 Minimum Energy Performance
• EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance
Although the
The intent is to create exterior open space that encourages interaction with the environment, social interaction, passive recreation, and physical activities.
This credit provides more space for employees to enjoy, and fresher ambient air outside, socialize, and connect with each other and surrounding context.
Stormwater management that emulates the natural hydrology of the site provides more habitat for indigenous species, reduces flooding and clogging of drains, and provides more on-site infiltration that does not exhaust municipal systems that effect tax payer money.
Strategies for onsite infiltration from bioswales, filtration planters and open/pervious paving can result in more open space, less heat island effect and replenish natural aquifers. Synergies with Water Efficiency can be sought through Rainwater Harvesting and reuse for irrigation or toilet flushing. Reducing building footprint is another strategy with multiple sustainable strategies, since there is more room for on-site infiltration, open space, reduced heat island from increased green space, and increasing development density.
• Rainwater Harvesting & Reuse
– Irrigation (green-roof)
– Water efficiency: reduce potable water for toilet flushing
– Janitorial uses and chiller make-up water
– $$$ saved on water and sewer rates SDC (raised approx. 15% in last 2 years)
– Retention could be integrated with fire suppression reserve tank for resiliency
• LEEDv4 Synergies:
– SSc4: Rainwater Management (3pts)
– WEc1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction (1pt)
– WEc2: Indoor Water Use (3pts)
– Additional points available (7pts possible)
Strategies for on-site infiltration such as pervious pavers could have a price premium above conventional paving in upfront costs, but could have a better ROI over the life of the development from reduced sewage bills and infrastructure (i.e. oil and gas separators, manholes).
Rainwater Cistern Tanks - $1.75 – $2.25/gal of capacity:
• Irrigation (storage tank, filters, pumps, and building square footage) = $1.25–$1.75/sf of roof area
• Flushing (storage tank, filters, pumps, gray/reused/recycled water piping, and building square footage) = $3750–$4250/fixture
• Irrigation & flushing (shared systems) = $4500–$5000/fixture
Credit is a combination of “Heat Island Effect Nonroof” and “Heat Island Effect Roof “.
Stormwater management that emulates the natural hydrology of the site provides more habitat for indigenous species, reduces flooding and clogging of drains, and provides more on-site infiltration that does not exhaust municipal systems that effect tax payer money.
Strategies for onsite infiltration from bioswales, filtration planters and open/pervious paving can result in more open space, less heat island effect and replenish natural aquifers. Synergies with Water Efficiency can be sought through Rainwater Harvesting and reuse for irrigation or toilet flushing. Reducing building footprint is another strategy with multiple sustainable strategies, since there is more room for on-site infiltration, open space, reduced heat island from increased green space, and increasing development density.
Strategies for on-site infiltration such as pervious pavers could have a price premium above conventional paving, but only if site work is included.
SSc7.2 Heat Island – Roof
Use roofing materials with SRI 78 for 75% or more of the roof surface.
Heat island effect is more noticeable in hot climates, but in the summer months can experience the ambient temperature rise that can increase cooling needs, and make outdoor areas uncomfortable. Lighter colored hardscapes and increased vegetation can improve comfort and allow for more natural ventilation without cooling costs.
Increase vegetation on-site on from green-roofs allows for more open space, better stormwater management and can reduce energy cost through better natural ventilation. If rainwater harvesting and a green roof are being considered a water balance calculation needs to be done prior to sizing capacity, since green roofs reduce the amount of runoff.
Synergies :
• SSc5.1 Site Development Protect and Restore Habitat
• SSc5.2 Site Development Maximize Open Space
• SSc6.1 Stormwater Management Quantity Control
• SSc6.2 Stormwater Management Quality Control
• EAp2 Minimum Energy Performance
• EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance
• EAc2 On-Site Renewable Energy
* Greenroofs are case by case: recommend Life Roof Modular system with native sedum
Similar to LEEDv3: Light Pollution Reduction, except the Interior lighting Addressed in the EA prerequisite, and added prescriptive BUG Rating Method option .
Light pollution can be a safety issue next to traffic, and reduces our access to the night sky that connects with our circadian rhythm that regulates stress, sleep, hormones and can contribute to chronic illnesses.
Impact & Certifications:
Nocturnal wildlife depends on the dark night sky to survive, and light pollution can distribute the native ecosystems.
Safety and sustainability need to be considered together, but a reduction in light pollution with full cut-off luminaires, sweeps to turn off lights in common areas at night, and letting unnecessary light spill into the atmosphere is not energy efficient. These strategies could save on operations and maintenance costs.
Water Efficiency Summary:
The points in the Water Efficiency Category are more heavily weighted in LEEDv4, and additional credit such as Water Metering correlate to City sustainable operation and maintenance programs. Based on the City goals, and design team feedback the target for 50% reduction in potable water use for domestic features is a feasible target with low-flow fixtures, and rainwater harvesting reuse for toilet flushing. The water retention is integrated with the fire suppression tank for cost savings, but additional water could be collected at the adjacent site as well. Additionally, gray water reuse could be considered, or dual plumbing to be prepared for more future demand if there are more droughts with climate change.
Reduce outdoor water use through one of the following options. If the adjacent site, becomes a playground or food garden it may be included or excluded at the project team’s discretion.
*LEEDv4 New Prerequisite
*Credit Similar to LEEDv3: Water Efficient Landscaping
Potable drinking water is a depleting resource, and irrigation is the main contributor. Treating and reusing graywater, rainwater harvesting, or process water from Chillers are often available substitutes. Neutral
Synergies:
• SSc5.1 Site Development Protect and Restore Habitat
• SSc5.2 Site Development Maximize Open Space
• SSc6.1 Stormwater Management Quantity Control
• SSc6.2 Stormwater Management Quality Control
• SSc7.1 Heat Island Effect Non-Roof
• SSc7.2 Heat Island Effect Roof
• WEp1 Water Use Reduction
• WEc2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies
• WEc3 Water Use Reduction
Low cost if native species are used that are drought tolerate, such as “Tuff Stuff” local modular Greenroofs. More expensive if Rainwater Harvesting is captured and reused. Pertaining to Green-roof: High-Performance Landscaping
• Turf grass = 100%
• Native grasses = 135%–165%
• Native plantings = 450%– 550%
Irrigation system
• Broadcast sprinklers =100%
• Moisture sensor = 112%–137%
• Drip irrigation = 167%–203%
• Timers and controls = 112%–137%
Potable vs. recaptured water
• Potable water = 100%
• Stormwater = $1.75–$2.25/gal of capacity
• Graywater = $3,750–$4,250/fixture*
• Municipal reclaimed = $110/sf
*LEEDv4 more heavily weighted with 6 points possible, with additional options for appliance and process water.
*Similar LEEDv3: Water Use Reduction
Reduce fixture and fitting water use from the calculated baseline. Additional potable water savings can be earned above the prerequisite level using alternative water sources, such as graywater reuse, rainwater harvesting, or condensate discharge water that is filtered and sanitized. Appliance and process water is included for additional points in LEEDv4.
The new requirement in LEEDv4 requirement to add process water efficiency could affect behavioral changes, including how to dispose of food waste. Dishwashers would need to be Energy Star rated, which aligns with City Policy, although it only counts towards the LEED credit if it serves over 100 meals per day.
Reducing potable water use for domestic water use is critical to preserving this depleting critical resource, and a large bulk of that can be reduced just by what we flush down the
toilet. Rainwater Harvesting reuse for toilet/urinal flushing would have more synergies that are important for a site location close to the river by reducing stormwater runoff.
Water efficient fixtures are a cost saver, especially with the cost of water rising in the future. Rainwater harvesting and reuse for flushing would have a higher premium, but would also contribute toward reduce SDC charges.
This new credit aims to conserve water used for cooling tower makeup while controlling microbes, corrosion, and scale in the condenser water system.
This credit is important, because Refrigeration systems remove heat, usually from air, to cool interior building spaces. This heat is expelled into either the atmosphere or another medium. A cooling tower or evaporative condenser removes heat in part by evaporating water; as the water absorbs heat, it changes from a liquid to a vapor. As the water evaporates, however, dissolved solids become more concentrated in the remaining water and eventually begin to deposit scale on cooling tower or evaporative
condenser elements, making such systems less efficient. To prevent buildup of deposits, cooling tower and evaporative condenser systems remove a portion of the water through a process called blowdown. Makeup water is then added to replace evaporative losses and blowdown volume, which can contribute to thousands of gallons of water.
This affects the City Facility Management team to enhance their O&M policies by requiring a maximum number of cycles achieved without exceeding any filtration levels or affecting operation of condenser water system (up to maximum of 10 cycles).
For cooling towers and evaporative condensers, conduct a one-time potable water analysis, measuring at least the five control parameters. This aligns with City Facility Policies.
Cooling towers can account for large portions of a building’s total water use. To significantly reduce makeup water inputs, it is important to achieve target cycles of concentration (see Further Explanation, Cycles of Concentration). Cooling tower or evaporative condenser water efficiency is measured in the number of recirculation cycles before water must be removed by blowdown. Increasing the number of cycles can save thousands of gallons of potable water during a building’s peak cooling periods. Chemically analyzing makeup water allows for calculation of optimal cycles. Cycles can also be increased by treating water to remove or sequester dissolved solids rather than relying only on blowdown and input of fresh makeup water.
This is a low cost credit, but does involve City facility staff work. Additionally, cost reduction from water savings.
The credit supports water management by identifying opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption.
Metering water usage by subsystem helps facilities managers’ productivity with a better gauge of a building’s water efficiency. Sub-metering the major building water systems provides a way to formulate independent system baselines, track usage against those baselines, isolate and identify potential sources of waste, and take corrective action. Moreover, sub-metering helps track periodic changes in water usage and provides the data necessary to calculate opportunities for water savings at a system wide level.
You can’t manage what you don’t measure, and this credit rewards that first crucial step. The requirement is to install permanent water meters for two or more of the following water subsystems, as applicable to the project:
• Irrigation. Meter water systems serving at least 80% of the irrigated landscaped area.
• Indoor plumbing fixtures and fittings. Meter water systems serving at least 80% of the indoor fixtures and fitting described in WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use
• Domestic hot water. Meter water use of at least 80% of the installed domestic hot water heating capacity (including both tanks and on-demand heaters).
• Boiler with aggregate projected annual water use of 100,000 gallons (378 500 liters) or more, or boiler of more than 500,000 BtuH (150 kW). A single makeup meter may record flows for multiple boilers.
• Reclaimed water. Meter reclaimed water, regardless of rate. ··
• Other process water. Meter at least 80% of expected daily water consumption for process end uses, such as humidification systems, dishwashers, clothes washers, pools, and other subsystems using process water.
Although there is an upfront cost for the water sub-meters, the long term cost savings from discovering inefficiencies, leaks, or equipment issues can save on water and energy use for a great return on investment based on the life-cycle cost benefits.
Energy and Atmosphere Summary:
The Energy and Atmosphere section has the most points available, and presents many synergies with Architecture 2030 Challenge goals, and Owner Project Requirements for long-term sustainable operations and maintenance practices. Enhanced Commissioning is more heavily weighted, and we are taking advantage of all six points available based on the additional requirement for Envelope Commissioning aligning with the City’s efforts to ensure envelope issues are resolved for the life of the building. The Demand Response coincides with the priority for resiliency, but we are only counting half the points to set-up the system rather than fully implementing the requirements for load shedding based on the program restrictions that could be explored as a VE option. Additional challenges
include the new standards for calculating energy savings against a more stringent baseline than the Energy Trust Modeled savings approach (i.e. Oregon Energy Code 2010), or the Architecture 2030 Challenge that uses more generic national standards. The baseline and proposed LEED model needs to be compared to the new ASHRAE 90.1, 2010 standard to pursue the eighteen points relating to the EA credit 2: Optimizing Energy Performance.
The Fundamental and Enhanced Commissioning requirements for LEEDv4 should be incorporated into the Commissioning agents scope, including the Building Envelope Commissioning Agents.
(EA)
EAc1: Optimized Energy Performance (1 – 18 pts)
Maximizing energy efficiency and cutting energy cost is at the core of the City’s longterm investment in reducing operating costs and carbon dioxide emissions for the building.
Requirements
Establish an energy performance target no later than the schematic design phase. The target must be established as kBtu per square foot-year (kW per square meter-year) of source energy use.
Option 1. Whole-building energy simulation (1– 18 points)
Analyze efficiency measures during the design process and account for the results in design decision making. Use energy simulation of efficiency opportunities, past energy simulation analyses for similar buildings, or published data (e.g., Advanced Energy Design Guides) from analyses for similar buildings.
Analyze efficiency measures, focusing on load reduction and HVAC-related strategies (passive measures are acceptable) appropriate for the facility. Project potential energy savings and holistic project cost implications related to all affected systems.
Many energy efficiency measure also enhance indoor environmental quality and comfort, including daylighting, high quality electric lighting, radiant heating and cooling, and displacement ventilation.
Reducing air pollution and carbon dioxide emissions.
The life cycle cost benefits from resiliency, durability, cost avoidance, preventative maintenance, O&M, and Return on Wellness. Sometimes moderate to high first cost, but with great opportunities for cost offsets and reductions, and usually a high return on investment.
Cost premium for Energy modeling but can reduce life-cycle energy costs if utilized as part of a iterative design process for cost-benefit analysis between systems and envelope design and orientation.
ETO PTNZ program covers 75% of the Energy Modeling fee, day-light analysis, and CFD modeling up to $50,000 for early technical assistance incentives. Additional incentives are received after 100% CD’s, and then installation incentives for equipment and systems is received after project completion up to $500,000.
Challenge historic preservation limiting envelope scope.
Windows
• Double-glazed, no coating
• Low-E, low SHGC
• Triple-glazed windows
Shading
• No shade, no recess
• Sun shade, recessed window
• Air-cooled condensing***
$950–$1,000/ton for VAV unit
• Evaporative condensing*** Add 20%–30%, depending on unit size saves 30% on cooling compressor energy
• Evaporative cooling
• VAV
• Chilled beams/induction units
Climate-specific****
$7–$8/sf
Add $200 per ton
* Spray insulation options include deduction for vapor barrier.
** ICF option includes deduction for metal stud.
*** Assumes single unit capacity greater than 100-ton
**** Can be utilized in dry climates with low exterior design web bulb temperature.
Cross Ventilation establishes a flow of cooler outdoor air through a space that carries heat out of a building. Increased air speed can increase the perception of occupant comfort. Adds to Controllability of Systems if operable windows are considered.
Building Level Energy Metering
Advanced Energy Metering
Measuring energy is key to maintaining efficiency over time and ensuring that the City realizes the expected operational cost savings.
Requirements
Install advanced energy metering for the following:
• All whole-building energy sources used by the building; and
• Any individual energy end uses that represent 10% or more of the total annual consumption of the building.
The advanced energy metering must have the following characteristics. Meters must be permanently installed, record at intervals of one hour or less, and transmit data to a remote location.
• Electricity meters must record both consumption and demand. Whole-building electricity meters should record the power factor, if appropriate.
• The data collection system must use a local area network, building automation system, wireless network, or comparable communication infrastructure.
• The system must be capable of storing all meter data for at least 36 months.
• The data must be remotely accessible.
• All meters in the system must be capable of reporting hourly, daily, monthly, and annual energy use.
Deviations in energy use can be indicators for required maintenance that could impact both operating cost and indoor environmental quality and comfort.
Maintaining performance over time reduces air pollution and carbon dioxide emissions.
Interface indicated this is a costly credit upfront, but there would be long term operations and maintenance savings.
(EA)
EA credit: Demand Response
Demand response will be an important part of integrated, low impact energy infrastructure in the future and the City has the opportunity to prepare for this and lead the way.
Requirements
Design building and equipment for participation in demand response programs through load shedding or shifting. On-site electricity generation does not meet the intent of this credit.
Case 2. Demand response program not available (1 point)
Provide infrastructure to take advantage of future demand response programs or dynamic, real-time pricing programs and complete the following activities.
• Install interval recording meters with communications and ability for the building automation system to accept an external price or control signal.
• Develop a comprehensive plan for shedding at least 10% of building estimated peak electricity demand. Peak demand is determined under EA Prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance.
• Include the DR processes in the scope of work for the commissioning authority, including participation in at least one full test of the DR plan.
• Contact local utility representatives to discuss participation in future DR programs.
While a DR program will not enhance IEQ and comfort in a building, it can be planned so that it does not detract from these critical performance elements. It also contributes to the community by not taxing the utilities during peak hours.
DR programs help utilities avoid ramping up dispatchable generation that tends to have a higher air quality and carbon emissions impact.
This could be an easy strategy to implement and it would give demand savings for the building regardless of the fact the utility does not have a current program in place. Demand costs are around $4/kw per month.
The energy management system could track the building demand (kw) on a monthly basis and when the peak load in the summer approaches a monthly kw peaks late in the day, the chillers could be unloaded, and allow the system to coast, then turn it back on or resume loading after the peak event Also, could reduce the chiller capacity for short durations at the peak.
The cost to implement this strategy may be on the order of $5000, and sets the building up for the future as demand charges increase or if the utility develops a program.
Onsite renewable energy is required for the project and contributes to long-term operating cost reductions and carbon emissions reductions. On-site renewable energy production can also be designed to support resilience planning.
Use the building’s annual energy cost, calculated in EA Prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance, if Option 1 was pursued; otherwise use the U.S. Department of Energy’s Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) database to estimate energy use and cost.
The use of solar gardens or community renewable energy systems is allowed if both of the following requirements are met.
• The project owns the system or has signed a lease agreement for a period of at least 10 years.
• The system is located with the same utility service area as the facility claiming the use.
ecoREAL’s Green Building Integrative Management software and tools Recap: ecoREAL’s Green Building Integrative Management software is an online cloud-based tracking platform that reports sustainable attributes of products, waste and systems on-site and in the building to produce reports in real-time. The result is transparency to negate green-washing, and quantify goals. The tools starting with a management matrix assess goals established by the team and stake-holders. Additionally, it streamlines meeting material resource and low-emitting material requirements, and avoids change orders by pre-qualifying products based on meeting the established healthy product criteria. The metrics are custom fit based on the performance goals from the eco-charrette and the process integrates with every phase of the project to ensure sustainability goals are tracked and verified. The reports can be for owners and the team exclusively, or tied into dashboards for public viewing. This can showcase the City’s civic pride and dedication to sustainability.
ecoREAL’s team recommends using basic design principles and established industry product certifications and design standards as “stepping-stones” to the full elimination of hazards in building products over time using the following progression:
• Multiple benefits
• Simplicity, limit finishes
• Natural materials
• Salvaged materials
Adherence to these basic design principles is a first step towards designing out toxicity to begin with. In general, these strategies support the smart selection of materials by reducing the use of exotic and superfluous materials. Note that these do not come without tradeoffs. For example, in some instances, the minimization of interior finishes may impact acoustic control/quality in a space. In addition, some design aesthetics are more easily accommodated than others. Natural materials such as wood and stone may foster a feeling of warmth and support biophilia, but others such as cork or linen may not be appropriate in all space types.
Utilize basic design principals that support toxicity reduction
Include Base LEED v4 requirements in Specs
Focus on interior finishes / FF&E
Pursue LEED v4 Building Product Disclosure and Optimization Credits
Comply with WELL Building Standard Optimization 25: Toxic Material Reduction
Pursue the Living Building Challenge Imperative 10: Red List
Low cost
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Low-Moderate cost
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Moderate-High time
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LEEDv3 and v4 Comparison
LEEDv4 Preferred Option 1 is automatically achieved by maintaining a historic building.
Option 1. Historic building reuse (5 points)
Maintain the existing building structure, envelope, and interior nonstructural elements of a historic building or contributing building in a historic district. OR
Option 4. Whole-building life-cycle assessment (3 points)
For new construction (buildings or portions of buildings), conduct a life-cycle assessment of the project’s structure and enclosure that demonstrates a minimum of 10% reduction, compared with a baseline building, in at least three of six impact categories.
Life Cycle Assessments, include transportation and extraction of virgin materials, which contributes to both our local economy, and preserving our natural resources with responsible sourcing. The credit adds to industry responsibility through supporting third party verification of how our natural resources are harvested, maintained and distributed. More demand will lead to more competitive prices.
Synergies with Portland 2015 Climate Action Plan - 8E Rehabilitation and Adaptive Reuse Promote rehabilitation, adaptive reuse and energy and seismic upgrades of buildings to conserve natural and historic resources, reduce waste and improve public safety.
Option 4. Whole-Building Life-Cycle Assessment (3 points)
For new construction (buildings or portions of buildings), conduct a life-cycle assessment of the project’s structure and enclosure that demonstrates a minimum of 10% reduction, compared with a baseline building, in at least three of the six impact categories listed below, one of which must be global warming potential. No impact category assessed as part of the life-cycle assessment may increase by more than 5% compared with the baseline building. The baseline and proposed buildings must be of comparable size, function, orientation, and operating energy performance as defined in EA Prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance. The service life of the baseline and proposed buildings must be the same and at least 60 years to fully account for maintenance and
t.503.303.8367
replacement. Use the same life-cycle assessment software tools and data sets to evaluate both the baseline building and the proposed building, and report all listed impact categories. Data sets must be compliant with ISO 14044. Select at least three of the following impact categories for reduction:
·· global warming potential (greenhouse gases), in CO2e;
·· depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, in kg CFC-11;
·· acidification of land and water sources, in moles H+ or kg SO2;
·· eutrophication, in kg nitrogen or kg phosphate;
·· formation of tropospheric ozone, in kg NOx or kg ethene; and
·· depletion of nonrenewable energy resources, in MJ.
The Life Cycle Impact Assessment could include Life Cycle Cost Analysis to determine long term savings with avoided maintenance cost trough durability, less cleaning and adaptability. The LCA could site local vendors that provide competitive pricing on Sustainable Materials. For example, the cost premium of FSC certified wood can be avoided through local distributors:
Sustainable NW Wood 225- A SE Division Place Portland, OR 97202
P: 503.239.9663
Environmental Product Declarations communicate transparent and comparable information about the life-cycle environmental impact of products All new Portland City building construction projects will be designed for a minimum 50-year life span. Understanding the life-cycle environmental impacts of the products that go into those buildings will help the City to understand future environmental implications and risks as well as opportunities for building material reuse.
LEEDv4 Requirements
Use at least 20 different permanently installed products sourced from at least five different manufacturers that either have a Product-Specific Declaration or an Environmental Product Declaration (conforming to various ISO standards)
AND/OR
For 50%, by cost, of the total value of permanently installed products in the project use third party certified products that demonstrate impact reduction below industry average in at least three of the following categories are valued at 100% of their cost for credit achievement calculations.
• global warming potential (greenhouse gases), in CO2e;
• depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, in kg CFC-11;
• acidification of land and water sources, in moles H+ or kg SO2;
• eutrophication, in kg nitrogen or kg phosphate;
• formation of tropospheric ozone, in kg NOx, kg O3 eq, or kg ethene; and
• depletion of nonrenewable energy resources, in MJ.
For credit achievement calculation, products sourced (extracted, manufactured, purchased) within 100 miles (160 km) of the project site are valued at 200% of their base contributing cost.
Structure and enclosure materials may not constitute more than 30% of the value of compliant building products.
Portland City – Resolution No. 08-004 adopts a LEED Gold and High Performance Green Building Policy that establishes a minimum 50-year lifespan of new buildings, and lifecycle cost analyses in the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of all Cityowned buildings.
There can be cost premiums for compliant products, or limited options available for a project based on quantity or location. Starting material investigation early in the design process is vital to minimizing these risks, and it is possible to find compliant products that fulfill design and performance requirements.
The ASTM has a published list of products with EPDs here: http://www.astm.org/CERTIFICATION/EpdAndPCRs.html
Note that paint finishes count as different permanently installed products, so flat, gloss, and semi-gloss would count as three different products. The same goes for carpet based on pile height and depending on use. Project teams can select up to five products compliant per manufacturer.
Building Product Disclosure and Optimization
Portland City is a member of the Responsible Purchasing Network (RPN), which focuses on the Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability. By participating in this network, Portland City communicates its dedication to socially responsible and environmentally sustainable purchasing. The RPN primarily covers consumable office supplies, pursuing this credit could help demonstrate the City’s commitment to building materials.
LEEDv4 Requirements
Option 1. Raw Material Source and Extraction Reporting (1 point)
Use at least 20 different permanently installed products from at least five different manufacturers that have publicly released a report from their raw material suppliers which include raw material supplier extraction locations, a commitment to long-term ecologically responsible land use, a commitment to reducing environmental harms from extraction and/or manufacturing processes, and a commitment to meeting applicable standards or programs voluntarily that address responsible sourcing criteria.
Third-party verified Corporate Sustainability Reports (CSR) frameworks include Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Sustainability Report, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, UN Global Compact, and ISO 26000.
Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices (1 point)
Use products that meet at least one of the responsible extraction criteria below for at least 25%, by cost, of the total value of permanently installed building products in the project.
The criteria include Extended Producer Responsibility, Bio-based materials, FSC Wood products, Materials Reuse, and Recycled Content.
Salvaged and natural materials provide an advantage by supporting local economy, telling a story about the building, and giving character and authenticity to the building.
There can be cost premiums for compliant products, or limited options available for a project based on quantity or location. Starting material investigation early in the design process is vital to minimizing these risks, and it is possible to find compliant products that fulfill design and performance requirements.
Approaching Option 2, a proposed hierarchy would be to consider:
Materials Reuse
Recycled Content
Extended Producer Responsibility
Bio-based materials
FSC Wood products
Using salvaged materials can be cost effective, support local economy and help keep building materials out of landfills.
Target recycled content in high cost items such as steel, acoustical ceiling tiles, and carpet.
The carpet industry is a leader in this category; companies such as Interface, Mohawk, and Shaw all have take-back programs in place.
Consider pressed strawboard for built-in cabinetry, bamboo flooring or wall coverings, cork flooring, and gluelam ceiling beams (all products that have been used in Federal Buildings pursuing LEED).
On April 5, 2016, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) issued a LEED alternative compliance path (ACP) that recognizes wood from the Sustainable Forestry Initiative® (SFI®) and the American Tree Farm System (ATFS), This is good news for Oregon timber industry as there are more lands certified under SFI and ATFS in Oregon.
In 2012, Portland City and the City of Portland passed the Healthy Purchasing Initiative to help limit exposure to toxic chemicals through purchasing. Portland City has integrated Health Product Declarations into procurement and contracting processes, which supports market advocacy, helping to promote transparency and demonstrating to suppliers that there is a market demand for healthier materials.
The Portland City Healthier Buildings Guide suggests sample language for RFPs to include the language "this project is required to achieve points for the Materials & Resources
ecoREAL, LLC | info@ecorealsolutions.com | www.ecorealsolutions.com
credit with specific emphasis on MRc4 “Building Product Disclosure and Optimization –Material Ingredients”.
LEEDv4 Requirements
Option 1. Material ingredient reporting (1 point)
Use at least 20 different permanently installed products from at least five different manufacturers that use any of the following programs to demonstrate the chemical inventory of the product to at least 0.1% (1000 ppm).
These programs include Health Product Declaration, Cradle to Cradle v2 Basic level or Cradle to Cradle v3 Bronze, Cradle to Cradle Material Health Certificate, Declare, and the ANSI/BIFMA e3 Furniture Sustainability Standard.
Option 2. Material ingredient optimization (1 point)
Use products that document their material ingredient optimization through either no GreenScreen v1.2 Benchmark hazards or Cradle to Cradle Certification for at least 25%, by cost, of the total value of permanently installed products in the project.
Numerous studies have been published, linking indoor environmental quality to productivity to materials, and the products selected within the envelope play a big role in the IEQ performance. A study published by Harvard in 2015 links higher cognitive function with offices that have good ventilation and lower than average levels of indoor pollutants and carbon dioxide. The same team followed up on that research and just recently published an additional study that links IEQ and productivity (see LCC section below).
The Well Building Standard is well aligned with this requirement, through multiple features.
Well Feature 25 - Toxic Material Reduction
Avoid the following harmful chemical components where possible.
Chemical Component Found in Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) Furniture or furnishing (drapes/curtains) assembly
Flame Retardants
Phthalates (plasticizers)
Isocyanate-based polyurethane
Urea Formaldehyde
Window and waterproofing membranes, door and window frames and siding, flooring, ceiling tiles, wall coverings, piping and electrical cables, conduits, junction boxes, sound and thermal insulation, upholstered furniture and furnishings, textiles and fabrics
Flooring, including resilient and hard surface flooring and carpet, wall coverings, window blinds and shades, shower curtains, furniture and upholstery, plumbing pipes and moisture barriers
Interior finishes
Furniture or any composite wood products, laminating adhesives and resins, thermal insulation
This feature can be aligned with LEED v4 by reviewing HPDs and other program information for the chemicals specified in the table above. The Portland City Healthier Buildings Guide details out these chemicals of concern, and suggests including language in Invitations to Bid that proposes avoidance of these chemicals.
Well Feature
At least one of the following requirements is met:
• Complete all Imperatives in the Materials Petal under the Living Building Challenge 3.0
• At least 25% by cost are Cradle to Cradle™ Material Health Certified with a V2 Gold or Platinum or V3 Bronze, Silver, Gold or Platinum Material Health Score
• At least 25% by cost have no GreenScreen® Benchmark 1
Synergies:
LEEDv4 - Materials meeting the LEEDv4 requirement under either Option 1 or 2 would contribute to this WELL feature.
Portland City - Healthy Purchasing Initiative suggests avoiding Red List materials, a portion of the Living Building Challenge 3.0 Materials Petal.
Well
At least 25% by cost of interior finishes and finish materials, furnishings, and built in furniture have some combination of the following material descriptions:
• Declare Label
• Health Product Declaration
• Any method accepted in USGBC's LEED v4 MR credit: Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients, Option 1: material ingredient reporting.
Synergies:
LEEDv4 - Complying with this LEEDv4 requirement would directly contribute to this WELL feature.
Portland City - Healthy Purchasing Initiative suggests avoiding Red List materials, a portion of the Living Building Challenge 3.0 Materials Petal.
Designers looking for materials that meet the requirements of LEED v4 will quickly find that there are an incredible number of standards, hazard lists, screening tools, product certifications, certification bodies, and databases out there. And while manufacturers are scrambling to meet requirements for transparency and product optimization, a major challenge remains for designers trying to make sense of it all and readily utilize building products that satisfy LEED v4 materials requirements.
http://www.leeduser.com/strategy/product-libraries-help-you-achieve-leed-v4-materialcredits
There can be cost premiums for compliant products, or limited options available for a project based on quantity or location. Starting material investigation early in the design process is vital to minimizing these risks, and it is possible to find compliant products that fulfill design and performance requirements.
Return on Wellness:
The team found that the same indoor environment that was described in the cognitive function study above could result in as much as a $6,500 equivalent in improved productivity per person per year.
Construction and Demolition Waste Management
MRc5: Construction and Demolition Waste Management
*Similar to LEEDv3: Construction Waste Management
LEEDv4 Requirements
Recycle and/or salvage nonhazardous construction and demolition materials.
Option 1. diversion (1-2 points)
Path 2. divert 75% and four material streams (2 points)
Divert at least 75% of the total construction and demolition material; diverted materials must include at least four material streams.
Synergies:
City of Portland – As of 2008, Portland has adopted a mandatory 75 percent recycling rate for C&D materials.
Overview:
The LEEDv4 Rating System Indoor Environmental Quality section has more correlation to the Well Building Standard with a focus on human health, vitality, productivity and overall well-being. There are many synergies with City Wellness goals that could be integrated with enhancement features, such as lighting that adjusts to circadian rhythms in some areas, filtered air, coatings that kill bacteria that cause sicknesses, and showcasing synergy with the City’s healthy purchasing protocols. It is sustainability that you can feel and benefit from daily. The contractor noted that the materials specified will impact the ability to achieve the Low-emitting Material points. ecoREAL’s Green Building Integrative Management software provides transparency to negate green-
washing, and quantify goals to ensure the healthiest products are specified. The automated tools allow sub-contractors to verify they comply with Green Seal, South Coast Air Quality Management rules, and other requirements of the City’s Toxin Reduction Strategy to encourage them to be pro-active with their supply chain.
IEQp1: Minimum IAQ Performance
IEQp1: Minimum indoor Air Quality Performance
Proper ventilation is critical to maintaining indoor air quality and promoting occupant health and productivity. This shares synergies with Well Building features.
Requirements
Meet the requirements for both ventilation and monitoring.
Ventilation
Mechanically ventilated spaces
Option 1. ASHRAE Standard 62.1– 2010 Compliance
Monitoring
Mechanically ventilated spaces
For mechanically ventilated spaces (and for mixed-mode systems when the mechanical ventilation is activated), monitor outdoor air intake flow as follows:
• For variable air volume systems, provide a direct outdoor airflow measurement device capable of measuring the minimum outdoor air intake flow. This device must measure the minimum outdoor air intake flow with an accuracy of +/–10% of the design minimum outdoor airflow rate, as defined by the ventilation requirements above. An alarm must indicate when the outdoor airflow value varies by 15% or more from the outdoor airflow set -point.
• For constant-volume systems, balance outdoor airflow to the design minimum outdoor airflow rate defined by ASHRAE Standard 62.1–2010 (with errata), or higher. Install a current transducer on the supply fan, an airflow switch, or similar monitoring device
Staff, Visitor & Community Enrichment & Wellness:
Adequate fresh air ventilation reduces concentrations of carbon dioxide and other pollutants in occupied space and promotes health, comfort ad productivity
Portland’s moderate climate for much of the year allows comfort conditioning primarily with outside air, leading to enhanced air quality and reduced energy costs
Little if any first cost and significant operation and productivity savings over time.
Resiliency, durability, cost avoidance, preventative maintenance, O&M, Return on Wellness
Increased ventilation, filtration and other indoor air pollutant control measures improve on minimum indoor air quality standards and promoting occupant health and productivity. The proposed displacement ventilation system and high performance VAV system, along with MERV 13 filters and other measures will support good air quality management.
Requirements
Meet the requirements for both ventilation and monitoring.
Option 1. Enhanced IAQ strategies (1 point) Comply with the following requirements, as applicable.
Mechanically ventilated spaces:
A. entryway systems;
B. interior cross-contamination prevention; and C. filtration.
Mixed-mode systems:
A. entryway systems;
B. interior cross-contamination prevention;
C. filtration;
D. natural ventilation design calculations; and
E. mixed-mode design calculations.
Option 2. Additional enhanced IAQ strategies (1 point) Comply with the following requirements, as applicable.
Mechanically ventilated spaces (select one):
A. exterior contamination prevention;
B. increased ventilation;
C. carbon dioxide monitoring; or
D. additional source control and monitoring.
Mixed-mode systems (select one):
A. exterior contamination prevention;
B. increased ventilation;
D. additional source control and monitoring; or
E. natural ventilation room-by-room calculations.
Adequate fresh air ventilation reduces concentrations of carbon dioxide and other pollutants in occupied space and promotes health, comfort ad productivity
Portland’s moderate climate for much of the year allows comfort conditioning primarily with outside air, leading to enhanced air quality and reduced energy costs
Little if any first cost and significant operation and productivity savings over time.
Resiliency, durability, cost avoidance, preventative maintenance, O&M, Return on Wellness.
Life-cycle cost savings can be realized when this is paired with natural ventilation or demand response systems. Example potential upfront cost-premium.
• CO2 sensors $500 per room.
In 2012, the City of Portland passed the Healthy Purchasing to help limit exposure to toxic chemicals through purchasing. Portland City has integrated Health Product Declarations into procurement and contracting processes, which supports market advocacy, helping to promote transparency and demonstrating to suppliers that there is a market demand for healthier materials.
LEEDv4 Requirements
Different materials must meet different requirements to be considered compliant for this credit. The building interior and exterior are organized in seven categories, each with different thresholds of compliance. The building interior is defined as everything within the waterproofing membrane. The building exterior is defined as everything outside and inclusive of the primary and secondary weatherproofing system, such as waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistive barrier materials.
New Emissions and Content Requirements: to demonstrate compliance, a product or layer must meet all of the following requirements, as applicable.
Inherently non-emitting sources. Products that are inherently non-emitting sources of VOCs (stone, ceramic, powder-coated metals, plated or anodized metal, glass, concrete, clay brick, and unfinished or untreated solid wood flooring) are considered fully compliant without any VOC emissions testing if they do not include integral organicbased surface coatings, binders, or sealants.
General emissions evaluation. Building products must be tested and determined compliant in accordance with California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Standard Method v1.1–2010, using the applicable exposure scenario. The default scenario is the private office scenario. The manufacturer’s or third-party certification must state the
exposure scenario used to determine compliance. Claims of compliance for wet-applied products must state the amount applied in mass per surface area.
Manufacturers’ claims of compliance with the above requirements must also state the range of total VOCs after 14 days (336 hours), measured as specified in the CDPH Standard Method v1.1:
0.5 mg/m3 or less; between 0.5 and 5.0 mg/m3; or 5.0 mg/m3 or more.
Additional VOC content requirements for wet-applied products. In addition to meeting the general requirements for VOC emissions (above), on-site wet-applied products must not contain excessive levels of VOCs, for the health of the installers and other tradesworkers who are exposed to these products.
Composite Wood Evaluation. Composite wood, as defined by the California Air Resources Board, Airborne Toxic Measure to Reduce Formaldehyde Emissions from Composite Wood Products Regulation, must be documented to have low formaldehyde emissions that meet the California Air Resources Board ATCM for formaldehyde requirements for ultra-low-emitting formaldehyde (ULEF) resins or no added formaldehyde resins.
Furniture evaluation. New furniture and furnishing items must be tested in accordance with ANSI/BIFMA Standard Method M7.1–2011.
Numerous studies have been published linking indoor environmental quality to productivity to materials, and the products selected within the envelope play a big role in the IEQ performance. A study published by Harvard in 2015 links higher cognitive function with offices that have good ventilation and lower than average levels of indoor pollutants and carbon dioxide. The same team followed up on that research and just recently published an additional study that links IEQ and productivity (see LCC section below).
The Well Building Standard is aligned with this requirement.
Well Feature 1 – Air Quality Standards PART 1: STANDARDS FOR VOLATILE SUBSTANCES
The following conditions are met:
a. Formaldehyde levels less than 27 ppb.
b. Total volatile organic compounds less than 500 μg/m³.
Synergies:
LEEDv4 - Complying with this LEEDv4 requirement would directly contribute to this WELL feature.
Portland City - Healthy Purchasing Initiative suggests avoiding Red List materials, a portion of the Living Building Challenge 3.0 Materials Petal. Products that comply with the Red List will likely have lower VOC emissions.
Designers looking for materials that meet the requirements of LEED v4 will quickly find that there are an incredible number of standards, hazard lists, screening tools, product certifications, certification bodies, and databases out there. And while manufacturers are scrambling to meet requirements for transparency and product optimization, a major challenge remains for designers trying to make sense of it all and readily utilize building products that satisfy LEED v4 materials requirements.
http://www.leeduser.com/strategy/product-libraries-help-you-achieve-leed-v4-materialcredits
There can be cost premiums for compliant products, or limited options available for a project based on quantity or location. Starting material investigation early in the design process is vital to minimizing these risks, and it is possible to find compliant products that fulfill design and performance requirements.
Return on Wellness:
The team found that the same indoor environment that was described in the cognitive function study above could result in as much as a $6,500 equivalent in improved productivity per person per year.
IEQ credit: Indoor Air Quality Assessment
While specification of healthier materials and good construction practices can reduce potential sources of pollutants in the completed building, some may persist. Assessment and flush-out of pollutants prior to occupancy ensures improved air quality in the building and protects occupant health and well-being.
Requirements align with WELL and focus on improving indoor air quality and protecting the health of occupants.
Option 1. Flush-out (1 point): Similar to LEEDv3
Path 1. Before occupancy
Install new filtration media and perform a building flush-out by supplying a total air volume of 14,000 cubic feet of outdoor air per square foot (4 267 140 liters of outdoor air per square meter) of gross floor area while maintaining an internal temperature of at least 60°F (15°C) and no higher than 80°F (27°C) and relative humidity no higher than 60%.
Low first cost and good return on wellness.
Option 2. Air testing (2 points): Synergies with Well Air Testing
After construction ends and before occupancy, but under ventilation conditions typical for occupancy, conduct baseline IAQ testing using protocols consistent with the methods listed in Table 1 for all occupied spaces. Use current versions of ASTM standard
methods, EPA compendium methods, or ISO methods, as indicated. Laboratories that conduct the tests for chemical analysis of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds must be accredited under ISO/IEC 17025 for the test methods they use. Retail projects may conduct the testing within 14 days of occupancy.
The distraction of hot or cold complaints can have a significant impact on productivity and morale. Designing to thermal comfort and control standards help promote health, well-being and productivity of occupants.
Requirements
Meet the requirements for both thermal comfort design and thermal comfort control.
Option 1. ASHRAE Standard 55-2010 Compliance: New LEEDv4 Baseline Option 1. ASHRAE Standard 55-2010 , radiant temperature, air speed, and humidity.
Requirements align with WELL and focus on improving comfort and protecting the health of occupants. Thermal comfort controls allow occupants, whether in individual spaces or shared multi-occupant spaces, to adjust at least one of the following in their local environment: air temperature, radiant temperature, air speed, and humidity.
Provide individual thermal comfort controls for at least 50% of individual occupant spaces. Provide group thermal comfort controls for all shared multi-occupant spaces, and for any individual occupant spaces without individual controls.
Low first cost and good return on wellness
Strategies for accomplishing this credit depend on HVAC system design, such as using individual fan coil or VAV boxes per office, using a raised floor supply plenum with individually adjustable diffusers, or using a multi-room VAV or fan coil approach with operable windows. Although, tenant control can have trade-offs with efficiency , and facility manager and occupant education is key to successful implementation.
• Operable windows (manual) $250 - $500 per window
• Individual thermostat controls $900 - $1100 per unit
• Local Diffusers (manual) $450 - $550 per unit
• Local Radiant Panels $900 - $1100 per unit
IEQ credit: Interior Lighting
Quality lighting and controllability is essential to the comfort and productivity of occupants, and is linked to health and wellness through the promotion of natural circadian rhythms, which support healthy sleep and daytime alertness. Healthy sleep patterns are essential to immune system function, obesity prevention and the quality productivity of work.
Requirements align with WELL and focus on improving the visual comfort and health of occupants.
*Well Synergies: Option 2. Lighting quality (1 point) Choose four of the following strategies.
1. For all regularly occupied spaces, use light fixtures with a luminance of less than 2,500 cd/m2 between 45 and 90 degrees from nadir. Exceptions include wallwash fixtures properly aimed at walls, as specified by
manufacturer’s data, indirect uplighting fixtures, provided there is no view down into these uplights from a regularly occupied space above, and any other specific applications (i.e. adjustable fixtures).
2. For the entire project, use light sources with a CRI of 80 or higher. Exceptions include lamps or fixtures specifically designed to provide colored lighting for effect, site lighting, or other special use.
3. For 75% of the total connected lighting load, use light sources that have a rated life (or L70 for LED sources) of at least 24,000 hours (at 3-hour per start, if applicable).
4. Use direct-only overhead lighting for 25% or less of the total connected lighting load for all regularly occupied spaces.
5. For 90% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet the following thresholds for area-weighted average surface reflectance: 85% for ceilings, 60% for walls, and 25% for floors.
6. If furniture is included in the scope of work, select furniture finishes to meet the following thresholds for area-weighted average surface reflectance: 45% for work surfaces, and 50% for movable partitions.
7. For 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of average wall surface illuminance (excluding fenestration) to average work plane (or surface, if defined) illuminance that does not exceed 1:10. Must also meet strategy E, strategy F, or demonstrate area-weighted surface reflectance of 60% for walls.
8. For 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of average ceiling illuminance (excluding fenestration) to work surface illuminance that does not exceed 1:10. Must also meet strategy E, strategy F, or demonstrate areaweighted surface reflectance of 85% for ceilings.
Option 1. Lighting control (1 point)
For at least 90% of individual occupant spaces, provide individual lighting controls that enable occupants to adjust the lighting to suit their individual tasks and preferences, with at least three lighting levels or scenes (on, off, midlevel). Midlevel is 30% to 70% of the maximum illumination level (not including daylight contributions).
For all shared multi-occupant spaces, meet all of the following requirements.
• Have in place multi-zone control systems that enable occupants to adjust the lighting to meet group needs and preferences, with at least three lighting levels or scenes (on, off, midlevel).
• Lighting for any presentation or projection wall must be separately controlled.
• Switches or manual controls must be located in the same space as the controlled luminaires. A person operating the controls must have a direct line of sight to the controlled luminaires.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
contaminants
1 P 34Public water additives
1 P 38Fruits and vegetables
1 P 39Processed foods
1
1
1
MEPWELL PV*Pending performance testing
MEPWELL PV*Pending performance testing
OwnerPeople Need to assess if retail on ground floor will be included for this section
OwnerPeople
1 P 44Nutritional information OwnerPeople
1 P 53Visual lighting design ArchitectDesign
1 P 54Circadian lighting design
ArchitectDesign Positive effect on productivity, stress reduction, health and wellness
1 P 55Electric light glare control ArchitectDesign
1
OwnerPeopleNeed to address stair access and aesthetics (e.g. Nature pictures)
OwnerPeopleAnticipated based on current access to work-out classes in building
1 P 72ADA accessible design standards ArchitectDesign
1 P 73Ergonomics: visual and physical
ArchitectDesignNeed to check that everyone will have access to seating options
1 P 74Exterior Noise Intrusion ArchitectWELL PV*Pending performance testing- by Well Assessor
1 P 75Internally generated noise
500 Mind
1 P 84Health and wellness awareness
1 P 85Integrative design
1 P 86Post-occupancy surveys
1 P 87Beauty and design I
1 P 88Biophilia I - qualitative
P 19150
OwnerPeople Education to staff and community would raise awareness and morale
OwnerPeopleThe progressive design build is similar to IPD
OwnerPeopleSimilar to LEED EBOM
ArchitectDesign
ArchitectDesignBring nature into the building
THIS WELL BUILDING STANDARD CHECKLIST IS BEING PROVIDED FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY AND DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A PROPOSAL OR A LEGALLY BINDING COMMITMENT ON THE PART OF EITHER PARTY IN ANY WAY. THIS DOCUMENT AND ANY ADVICE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH ARE BEING PROVIDED GRATIS, FOR THE SOLE PURPOSE OF PROVIDING A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS TO ASSIST YOU IN EVALUATING WHETHER TO PROCEED WITH DELOS’ CONSULTING SERVICES. ACCORDINGLY, DELOS MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS AS TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT AND ASSUMES NO OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY FOR THE RESULTS OR ADVICE GIVEN IN CONNECTION HEREWITH, ALL SUCH ADVICE BEING GIVEN AND ACCEPTED BY YOU AT YOUR RISK. ALL INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN IS BASED ONLY UPON A PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF INFORMATION RECEIVED FROM YOUR PROJECT TEAM. THERE ARE COUNTLESS VARIABLES THAT GO INTO ASSESSING EACH INDIVIDUAL FEATURE, AND THEY ARE TOO NUMEROUS TO ACCURATELY PREDICT THIS EARLY IN THE PROCESS. ACCORDINGLY, THIS DOCUMENT DOES NOT GUARANTEE THAT YOUR PROJECT WILL OBTAIN THE SAME RESULTS IF YOU WERE TO APPLY TO IWBI FOR WELL CERTIFICATION, AND ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE EXPRESSED HEREIN. FURTHERMORE, DELOS MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE LIKELIHOOD THAT YOUR PROJECT WILL BE AWARDED CERTIFICATION, AS WELL CERTIFICATION DETERMINATIONS ARE MADE BY IWBI THROUGH THIRD-PARTY VERIFICATION BY THE GREEN BUSINESS CERTIFICATION, INC., AND ARE BASED ON A REVIEW OF PROJECT DOCUMENTATION AND ON-SITE WELL PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION. IT IS UP TO YOU, YOUR GENERAL CONTRACTOR, ARCHITECTS, DESIGNERS, ENGINEERS AND OTHER MEMBERS OF YOUR PROJECT TEAM TO REVIEW YOUR PROPERTY AND TO EVALUATE THE FEASIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING THE WELL BUILDING STANDARD AT THE PROPERTY.
LEEDv4
Credit or Prerequisite
LEEDv4 Credit Name *Well Synergies
Credit Integrative Process
LEEDv3 Substantial Differences
• Notes about LEEDv4 requirement changes
• New credit.
• Encourages early analysis of energy and water systems to inform design.
Credit LEED for Neighborhood Development Location
Credit Sensitive Land Protection
Credit High Priority Site
Credit Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses
*Well Synergy: 67
Exterior Active Design
Credit Access to Quality Transit
Credit Bicycle Facilities *Well Synergy: 69 Active Transportation Support
Credit Reduced Parking Footprint
Credit Green Vehicles
• New credit.
• Encourages selection of a LEED ND certified site.
• Gives project teams a streamlined path to earn LT points.
• Credit language clarified.
• Option for projects located on protected sites to earn credits through sensitive land best management practices.
• Encourages selection of sites with development constraints.
• Multiple thresholds to reward different density levels and amounts of diverse uses.
• Projects earn points in the density and the diverse uses options separately.
• Warehouse and distribution center requirements added to encourage development near commercial or industrial sites or near transportation infrastructure.
• Multiplethresholdstorewardvaryingtransit service levels.
• Metric of radius changed to walk distance.
• Frequency of transit included in metric.
• Added a requirement to be located at a bicycle-accessible site or bicycle network.
• Minimum parking requirements reference levels in the ITE Transportation Planning Handbook.
• Option for No New Parking omitted.
• 5% of parking spaces must be reserved for green vehicles.
Credit Alternative Transportation
• An additional 2% of parking spaces must have refueling stations – electric vehicle charging or liquid, gas, or battery facilities.
• RevisedSchoolsrequirementsforbusesandon-site vehicles
• Warehouse and Distribution Centers requirement added for on-site vehicles and anti-idling measures.
• Removed this previously Retail-specific credit and distributed its former options among the analogous D&C rating systems
Prerequisite Construction Activity Pollution Prevention
Prerequisite Environmental Site Assessment
Credit Site Assessment
Credit Site DevelopmentProtect or Restore Habitat
Credit Open Space
*Well Synergy: 68 Physical Activity Spaces
Credit Rainwater Management
• Updated the EPA Construction General Permit version from 2003 to 2010.
• No substantive changes.
• New credit.
• Encourages early analysis of site conditions to inform design.
• Replaced setback requirements with preservation standards.
• Added option for financial support of off-site preservation.
• Added qualification that openspacemustbeofbeneficial use to the occupants or community.
• Clarified turf grass requirements and vegetated roof requirements.
• Includes site-specific criteria for more frequent,lowintensity events.
• Added option for zero lot line, urban projects.
Credit Heat Island Reduction
Credit Light Pollution Reduction
• Updated the roof SRI requirements.
• Changedpavingmaterials metrictoSolarReflectance (SR).
• Included 3-year aged SRI and SR values.
• Included weighted SRI average calculation methodology.
• Increased threshold for parking spaces undercover.
• Removed the interior lighting requirements which are now addressed in the EA prerequisite.
• Included the BUG rating methodology as a prescriptive way to meet the exterior lighting requirements.
• Added Lighting Zone 0.
• Included exterior signage requirements.
• Added exemptions from exterior lighting requirements.
LEEDv4: WATER EFFICIENCY
Prerequisite Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction
Prerequisite Building-Level Water Metering
Credit Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Credit Indoor Water Use Reduction
Credit Cooling Tower Water Use
Credit Water Metering
• New prerequisite.
• Requires a reduction in landscape water use by 30% using EPA’s WaterSense Water Budget Tool or no irrigation.
• WaterSense label required for certain fixtures and fittings
• Appliance and process water uses addressed.
• Basic cooling tower requirements from ASHRAE 189 added.
• Additional appliance and process water requirements for Retail, Schools, Healthcare and Hospitality only.
• New prerequisite.
• Requires each project to be capable of measuring whole building water use.
• .
• Requires a reduction in landscape water use by at least 50% using EPA’s WaterSense Water Budget Tool or no irrigation.
• WaterSense label required for certain fixtures and fittings.
• Added Appliance and Process Waterrequirements.
• Added more thresholds for achievement.
• New credit.
• Encourages projects to analyze water source and maximize water cycles.
• New credit.
• Rewards projects for sub-metering at least two water end uses.
Prerequisite Fundamental Commissioning and Verification
Prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance
Prerequisite Building-Level Energy Metering
• Modified intent to ensure project meets the owner’s projects requirements related to energy, water, indoor environmental quality and durability.
• Added requirement for preparing an Operations and Maintenance Plan.
• Added requirement to engage a Commissioning Authority by the end of the design development phase.
• Clarified language for who can be the commissioning authority.
• Included requirements for a design review of the enclosure.
• Updated referenced standard to ASHRAE 90.1-2010.
• Added requirements for data centers.
• Added retail-specific process load requirements
• Updated Advanced Energy Design Guides prescriptive option to 50% AEDG for Office, Retail, Schools, and Healthcare.
• Updated Core Performance Guide prescriptive option to meeting core requirements plus six additional strategies.
• New prerequisite.
• Requires each project to be capable of measuring whole building energy use.
Prerequisite Fundamental Refrigerant Management
Credit Enhanced Commissioning *Well Synergy: Air Infiltration Management
Credit Optimize Energy Performance
Credit Advanced Energy Metering
Credit Demand Response
•
• Added options for monitoring based commissioning and envelope commissioning.
• Added requirements to prepare the building operators for the intended operation of building systems
• Clarified language for who can be the commissioning authority.
• Updated referenced standard to ASHRAE 90.1-2010.
• Added requirements for data centers.
• Added retail-specific process load requirements
• Updated Advanced Energy Design Guides prescriptive option to 50% AEDG for Office, Retail, Schools, and Healthcare.
• Updated Core Performance Guide prescriptive option to meeting core requirements plus six additional strategies.
• New credit.
• Requires all energy end-uses that represent 10% or more of the total energy consumption of the building to be metered.
• Meters must be connected to the building automation system and log data at appropriateintervals.
• Core and Shell projects required to address future tenant spaces.
• New credit.
• Encourages projects to design and install systems necessary to participate in a demand response program.
• Also available to projects located in areas without demand response programs.
• Added requirement to include demand response processes in the commissioning scope.
•
Credit Renewable Energy Production
Credit Enhanced Refrigerant Management
• Added provision for community-scale renewable energy systems.
• Points adjusted significantly.
• Added retail-specific requirements.
Credit Green Power and Carbon Offsets
• Credit based on total building energy usage.
• Carbon offsets allowed for scope 1 or 2 emissions
• Required contract length extended from 2 years to 5 years.
• Eligible resources must have come online after January 1, 2005.
Prerequisite Storage and Collection of Recyclables
• Added requirement to address batteries, mercury containing lamps, or electronic waste.
• Addedretailrequirementtoidentifytop4wastestreams to provide recycling collection and storage.
Prerequisite Construction and Demolition Waste Management Planning
Credit Building Life Cycle Impact Reduction
• New prerequisite.
• Requires setting a project target for waste management.
• Require reporting waste diversion rates.
Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization— Environmental Product Declarations
Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization—Sourcing of Raw Materials
Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization—Material Ingredient Reporting
*Well Synergy: 25 Toxic Material Reduction; 26 Enhanced Material Safety; 97 Material Transparency
Credit Construction and Demolition Waste Management
• Addedoptionsforthereuseofhistoricandblighted buildings.
• Added option for a whole building life-cycle assessment of the project’s structure and enclosure.
• New credit.
• Addresses transparency in environmental life-cycle impacts and selecting products with improved life-cycles.
• Structured into disclosure and optimization options
• Rewards the use of products with EnvironmentalProduct Declarations.
• Rewards products that meet the local products criteria.
• New credit, incorporates LEEDv3 MRc4-7 requirements
• Addresses transparency in raw material sourcing and selectingmaterialsthathavebeenappropriatelysourced.
• Restructured into disclosure and optimization sections.
• Rewards products from manufacturers that have provided information on land use practices, extraction locations, labor practices, etc.
• Rewards products that meet the local products criteria.
• New credit.
• Addresses transparency in material ingredients and selecting products with optimized ingredients.
• Structured into disclosure and optimization options
• Rewards the use of products with ingredient reporting in programs like Health Product Declaration, Cradle 2 Cradle, and others.
• Rewards products that meet the local products criteria.
• Third option for supply chain optimization.
• Added an option for waste reduction strategy.
• Requires waste diversion from multiple material types.
• Alternative daily cover no longer counted as diverted waste.
Prerequisite Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance
Prerequisite Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control
*Well Synergy: 02 Smoking Ban
• Added requirements for outside air delivery monitoring
• Added requirements for residential projects addressing
• Removed allowancefor designated smoking areas inside the building for al projects but residential.
• Reduced the maximum allowable leakage rate for compartmentalized residential units.
Credit Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring
Credit Increased Ventilation
Credit Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies
*Well Synergy: 03
Ventilation
Effectiveness; 05 Air
Filtration; 08 Healthy Entrance; 15
Increased ventilation; 17
Direct Source Ventilation
Credit Low-Emitting Materials
•
•
Monitoring”, “Increased Ventilation”, and “Indoor Chemical
• Added additional options for mathematical modeling, additional sensors, and mixed mode systems.
Credit Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan
*Well Synergy: 07
Construction Pollution Management
Credit Indoor Air Quality Assessment
*Well Synergy: 13 Air Flush
Credit Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control
• Requirements based on VOC emissions rather than VOC content.
• Systems approach to emissions within a space.
• Added requirement for TVOC disclosure.
• Modified requirements for formaldehyde.
Credit title renamed from “Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan—During Construction”. No substantive changes.
Credit title renamed from “Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan—Before Occupancy”.
Added a maximum temperature limit for flush outs. Expanded the list of contaminants for which to test Clarified that furniture must be installed.
Credit requirements moved to “Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies” credit.
Credit Controllability of Systems— Lighting Credit requirements moved to “Interior Lighting” credit.
Credit Thermal Comfort
*Well Synergy: 16 Humidity Control; 76 Thermal Comfort; 82 Individual Thermal Comfort
Credit Interior Lighting
*Well Synergy: 53 Visual Lighting Design; 55 Electric Light Glare Control; 58 Color quality; 59 Surface Design
Credit title renamed from “Thermal Comfort—Design”. Updated reference standard to ASHRAE 55-2010. Credit removed from Core and Shell.
New Credit. Incorporates controls requirements from “Controllability of Systems—Lighting” credit.
Added an option that addresses lighting quality.
Credit Daylight
*Well Synergy: 56 Solar Glare Control; 62 Daylight Modeling
Credit Quality Views
**Well Synergy: 61 Right to Light
Credit Acoustic Performance
*Well Synergy: 75
Internally Generated Noises; 78 Reverberation Time; 79 Sound Masking; 81 Sound Barriers
Credit title renamed from “Daylight and Views—Daylight”. Removed prescriptive option.
Added option for spatial daylight autonomy. Changed units from footcandles to lux. Added a timing requirement to measurement option.
Credit title renamed from “Daylight and Views—Views”.
Added requirement for quality view, defined by the LEED 2009 exemplary performance criteria.
Added provisions for interior atria.
New credit except in Schools and Healthcare.
Added requirements for room noise levels, speech privacy and sound isolation, reverberation time, and paging, masking, and sound reinforcement systems.
Harmonized ANSI and ASHRAE standards.
Credit Mold Prevention (Schools) Credit requirements moved to “Thermal Comfort” credit.