Samplings: XVII

VOLUME XVII

SA.~PLI~G-S: A selected offering of antique samplers and needlework

M. Finkel es Daughter. established 1947 ANTIQUE TEXTILES AND PERIOD FURNITURE 936 Pine Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107

215-627-7797 fax 215-627-8199 email:antiquesamplers@aol.com

www.samplings.com

cover illustration: sampler by Mary W. Richards, 1825, Burlington County, N.J., page 1 Copyright Š 2000 by M. Finkel & Daughter, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without the permission in writing from M. Finkel & Daughter, Inc. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Thank you for your interest in our catalogue of antique samplers.

The field of schoolgirl samplers and needlework provides fascinating opportunities to collectors. A sampler acts as a window into the specific history of a young girl, her family, a teacher, a town, a region and a tradition, and as such provide us with unusual insight. It goes without saying that samplers, from a simple marking piece to an elaborate scene, are also extremely visually appealing. They provide graphic needleworked pictures, each with a remarkable texture and individuality.

Each of our samplers has been fully researched and documented; it is well-known that we both conduct ourselves and have others engage in intensive genealogical research and often achieve important results.

When we describe a sampler or silk embroidery, we frequently refer to a number of fine books that have been written in this field. A selected bibliography is included at the end of the catalogue and is updated regularly. If any of these books prove difficult to procure, let us know and perhaps we can assist in locating them. We also include a description page about our conservation method and encourage you to call us with any questions in this area.

The .year 2000 marks the 53rd anniversary of the founding of our firm, a fact of which we are quite proud. We like to think that our positive relationship with clients, many of whom are now second generation, is because of our commitment to customer service. Buying antiques should be based in large measure on trust and confidence, and we try to treat each customer as we ourselves like to be treated.

We operate by appointment and are at the shop five days a week, except when we are exhibiting at an out-of-town antiques show. Please let us know of your plans to visit us.

We urge you to contact us if one or more of our samplers is of interest to you. Should your first choice be unavailable, we urge you to discuss your collecting objectives with any one of us. Our inventory is extensive, and we have many items not included in our catalogue. Moreover, through our sources, we may be able locate the sampler that you are looking for; you will find us knowledgeable and helpful.

Payment may be made by check, VISA, Mastercard, or American Express, and we ask for payment with your order. Pennsylvania residents should add 6% sales tax. All items are sold with five-day return privilege. Expert packing is included; shipping and insurance costs are extra. We prefer to ship via UPS second day air or Federal Express, insured.

We look forward to your phone calls and your interest.

Amy Finkel Morris Finkel 800-598-7432 antiquesamplers@aol.com Are you interested in selling? We are constantly purchasing antique samplers and needlework and would like to know what you have for sale. We can purchase outright or act as your agent.

Photographs sent to us will receive our prompt attention. Call us for more information.

Please visit us at our website:

www.samplings.com

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF CONTENTS Alphabet Sampler, American, circa 1825 .................................. page Emza Baldwin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1834 ......................... page Polly Barker, Essex County, Massachusetts, 1793 ............................. page Charlotte Bridgham, Rehobeth, Massachusetts, 1774 .......................... page Abigail Burt, Norton, Massachusetts, 1788 ....................... . .......... page Margaret Burt, Ackworth School, England, 1819 ............................. page Margaret Clement, taught by I. Young, England, 1820 ....................... page Mary Curry, Franklin Juvenile Seminary, New York State, 1828 ................ page Caroline E. Curwen, Salem, Massachusetts, 1862 ........................... page Harriet Dunn, Norwich, Norfolk, England, 1829 ............................ page "England's Pride", 1000 Years of the British Navy, circa 1875 .................. page Eliza Englar, M.W. Corcoran School, Maryland, 1819 ........................ page Susanna Ferry, School of Miss Abby Wright, Massachusetts, _1808 .............. page Mary Elizabeth Freacke, Old Windsor Girls School, England, 1884 ............. page Terressa Grow, Henderson, New York, 1826 ............................... page Sarah Hodge, New England 1806 ....................................... page Catharine Jones, England, 1832 ........................................ page Map of England, F. L., 1791 ............................................ page Soledad Mateos, Mexico, 1897 .......................................... page Rachel Moody, Family Record, Saco, Maine, 1829 ........................... page Needleworked picture, New England, late 18th century ...................... page Elizabeth Noble, New England, 1812 ..................................... page Barbara Noe, St. Louis, Missouri, circa 1865 ............................... page Paige Family Register, Bethel, Vermont, circa 1826 ......................... page Elizabeth Parker, England, 1746 ................................. . ...... page Margaret Pound, Westtown, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1805 .... , .......... page Hannah ann Pryer, New York, 1826 ...................................... page Mary W. Richards, Burlington County, New Jersey, 1825...................... page Ribbonwork, probably Moravian, Pennsylvania, circa 1825 .................... page Hannah Rockwood, Wilton, New Hampshire, 1826 .......................... page Rockwood Family Record, Wilton, New Hampshire, circa 1826 ................ page Margaret Rose, Kilravock, Inverness, Scotland, 1824 ........................ page Asenath Maria Simonds, Lowell, Massachusetts, 1838 ........................ page Isabell Eaton Slocumb, Haverhill, Massachusetts, 1837 ...................... page Maria Van Beuren, New York school sampler, circa 1805 ..................... page Sally Walker, Rutland, Worcester County, Massachusetts, 1795 ................ page Francis Louisa Wood, Pennsylvania, circa 1820 ............................. page

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

24 23 15 26 8 17 18 13 24 14 27 5 19 22 3 8 26 14 27 12 7 29 10 31 11 25 16 1 28 21 20 4 30 9 6 10 2

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Mary W. Richards, Burlington County, New Jersey, 1825 Scholars and collectors in the field of American schoolgirl samplers have long considered the examples worked at the Quaker schools of Burlington County, New Jersey to be amongst the most appealing of all types of samplers. They generally feature a fine house or building set upon a lawn crowded with animals and birds, a background replete with Quaker motifs, and a rose-vine border with tendrils, leaves, and buds which has come to be known as the classic Burlington County border. Betty Ring, in Vol. II of Girlhood Embroidery, illustrates many outstanding examples similar to our Mary W. Richards sampler, including one which exhibits the same sky with a moon and stars set into a blue crescent, an uncommon and extremely appealing addition to the classic scene. These Burlington County schoolteachers and their students created a legacy of samplers which are valued for their aesthetic appeal and their proof of the importance of Quaker education for the young ladies of the area; they have become icons within the field of American needlework.

The appeal as this extraordinary sampler is enhanced by the family history of the samplermaker, Mary Wood Richards. The Richards family was one of the most prominent and influential in New Jersey in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Mary's father, William Richards (1738 -1823) was the patriarch of the family, building ironworks, glassworks and paper mills and fathering nineteen children. Mary was the youngest child, hom on March 6, 1815, when William Richards was 76, to his second wife, Margaretta Wood, daughter of Isaac Wood of Moorestown, New Jersey. Mary's brother, Benjamin Richards became mayor of Philadelphia in 1829; other family members were legislators, lawyers, merchants, inventors, and shipbuilders. They were influential in the founding of two railroads and, for many years, were amongst the largest landowners in the eastern United States.

William Richards retired from his ironworks in the village of Batsto in 1809 and moved his family to Mt. Holly. It was in or nearby Mt. Holly that tenyear-old Mary attended school and worked this sampler. She did not marry, may have lived with some of her brothers and died on September 19, 1860. A file of genealogical research accompanies this sampler along with a book entitled Family Empire in Jersey Iron: The Richard Enterprises in the Pine Barrens by Arthur D. Pierce.

The sampler was worked in silk onto linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a fine reproduction, mahogany comer block frame.

Sampler size: 20" x 17" Price: $32,000.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel eJ Daughter.

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Francis Louisa Wood, Pennsylvania, circa 1820 The appeal of Francis Louisa Wood's sampler is quite evident: a punchy yellow house is flanked by a stylish gentleman in a blue jacket and a green parrot on a perch, while a dog, a deer, two flocks of birds, a lady picking apples from a tree, potted plants, and two butterflies fill the surrounding space. The samplermaker was only ten years old but was able to imbue her work with a sense of whimsey while proving her competence in the needle arts.

This sampler resembles others known to have been made in the Bucks County region; the pair of yellow stars with white centers, which are suspended above the parrot and the gentleman, appear on other Bucks County samplers and may be characteristic of this area. The stars, along with the wonderfully elongated evergreen trees, may well have been the trademark of the highly talented schoolteacher who was responsible for instructing Francis Louisa Wood.

The sampler was worked in silk on linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a fine 19th century frame in original grain paint decoration.

Sampler size: 12" x 17" Price: $6850.

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Terressa Grow, Henderson, New York, "July 4 50th year of our Independence", 1826 The new Republic recognized the Fourth of July as a holiday beginning in 1777, the first anniversary of the reading of the Declaration of Independence. Celebrations continued yearly with official observances that were long on military processions, orations and popular reenactments. The country's 501h anniversary in 1826 was cause for special mention on this delightful sampler and in fact renders this a highly desirable example.

Terressa Grow was born in 1815, the oldest of the three children of Alva and Polly (Boyden) Grow; Alva Grow's family had been from Woodstock, Connecticut but moved to the town of Henderson, a small town in upper New York State, in 1807. Terressa's sampler was worked when she was 11 years old and she died in 1831 when she was only 16 years old. Her sampler exhibits a charming naivete with its tree-lined fence and gate leading up to the main house and two out buildings flanking a basket of fruit. The two-line verse above the inscription is a well-known sampler quotation from Alexander Pope's "Moral Essays" published in the early 18th century. The sampler is in excellent condition, worked in silk onto linen and conservation mounted into a maple frame with a black bead.

Sampler size: 17W' x 11" Price: $7600.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel e:9 Daughter.

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Margaret Rose, Kilravock, Inverness, Scotland, 1824 Kilravock Castle was the 15th century ancestral home of the Rose clan of Scotland, and the origin of this praiseworthy sampler worked by Margaret Rose and finished on Aprill, 1824. It is likely that Margaret was born at Kilravock on May 24, 1812 to William and Elspet (Mackenzie) Rose who were married there in 1809. The family traces its roots to the early 13th century in Scotland according to A Genealogical Deduction of the Family of Rose of Kilravock, published in 1848.

Margaret's sampler, with alphabets, numbers and many sets of family initials, was worked in cross and eyelet stitch and features pictorial elements that are similar to other known Scottish samplers, specifically the baskets, little pinwheel-like creations and argyle-like trees. It is a delightful example worked in silk onto linen, in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a beveled bird's eye maple frame with a black bead frame.

Sampler size: 15" x 12W' Price: $2850.

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M.Finkel e:s Daughter.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Eliza Englar, M.W. Corcoran School, Frederick I Carroll County, Maryland, 1819 There exists a fascinating group of four Maryland samplers which feature large brick houses on classic stepped-terraces and varied motifs with strong Quaker influence and state that they were worked at the Margaret (or M.W.) Corcoran School; three of these samplers are in the collection of the Carroll County Historical Society, and we are pleased to offer this recent discovery, a handsome and well-documented example. The school was in the village of Sam's Creek, which was part of Frederick County until 1837 when Carroll County was formed. As often stated by scholars in the field of American schoolgirl samplers, far fewer examples exist from south of the Mason-Dixon Line than from north.

Eliza Englar's ancestors emigrated from Switzerland in 1748 and lived in Philadelphia and then in Chester County, Pennsylvania until 1764 when they purchased a tract of land in the province of Maryland. Eliza's parents, Philip and Mary (whose names are on this sampler above the two stanza of verse) were born in 1777 and 1784 respectively; they married in 1805 and belonged to the Pipe Creek Church. Eliza was the third of their eight children, born May 7, 1807.

She worked this impressive sampler in 1819 and in 1829 married Joseph Stauffer, and they had six children. She died in 1855 and is buried in the Pipe Creek Cemetery.

Eliza's large and carefully worked sampler includes many wonderfully varied designs and motifs: three potted acorn and flower arrangements sit up in the top border, a Quaker-inspired white swan was worked along the bottom flanked by a pair of dark blue geometric half-medallions of similar influence, assorted birds and a few lions. The initials of Eliza's siblings are sprinkled throughout and match the information provided in Genealogy of the Englar Family: The Descendents of Philip Englar 17361817. The inscription (employing the tall, archaic use of the letter "S") reads, "Eliza Englar is my name/ And with my needle I wro/ ught the same in my 11th year/1819". "M.W. Corcoran School" appears in a pale silk thread underneath this inscription. The design and execution of this handsome piece attest to the combined talents of the teacher and her pupil. It is in excellent condition, worked in silk on linen, and conservation mounted into a cherry frame.

Sampler size: 21" x 21" Price: $11,500.

AMERICA'S LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M.Finkel ~Daughter.

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Maria Van Beuren of Hackensack, NJ, New York school sampler, c. 1805 Throughout much of the 181h and early 19th century, young ladies from the prominent Dutch families of New York and northern New Jersey created an important group of samplers that were fully worked (solidly stitched so that no background linen shows) and this example by Maria Van Beuren is an excellent example of this genre.

The sampler is worked entirely in cross-stitch with a handsome tulip and strawberry border surrounding the four-line religious verse; indeed, many of the samplers in this school center around religious themes.

The samplermaker states that she was born January 31, 1794 and extensive research untangling the Van Buren/Van Beuren families rewarded us with a complete picture of our samplermaker. Maria was a descendent of Dr. Johannes Van Beuren, a highly regarded physician who came to New York circa 1700, the patriarch of the Van Beuren family of New York and New Jersey. Maria was the daughter of Peter Van Beuren and Catharine Etheridge of the town of Hackensack in Bergen County, an area that had a large and prosperous Dutch American population, and the family belonged to the True Dutch Reformed Church. Maria married John Van Saun and the births of their two sons, Jacob Henry and William Marshall were recorded in Hackensack; she died in 1878.

The sampler is worked in silk onto linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a black painted frame.

Sampler size: 12" x 12"

M.Finkel

es Daughtere

Price: $3850.

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Needleworked picture, New England, late 18th century

Small, solidly stitched embroidered pictures were worked in eighteenth century New England and are considered quite desirable. They have been included in many important collections of folk art including that of Bertram K. and Nina Fletcher Little. We are very pleased to be able to present this engaging example worked in the flat stitch and whip stitch. The palette of reds and golds against deep olive green is very appealing but it is the subject matter, the outsized birds and a whimsical basket and boldlyworked flowers, that renders it absolutely delightful.

It was worked in crewel wool and silk onto linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted

into what seems to be its original black painted and molded frame.

Size of needlework: 7" x 8 112'' Price: $3850.

AMERICA'S LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel e:; Daughter.

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Abigail Burt, miniature sampler, Norton, Massachusetts, 1788 Abigail Burt was born September 18, 1778 in the Bristol County town of Norton, Massachusetts, the ninth of the eleven children born to William and Prudence (Lincoln) Burt. William Burt was a lawyer and justice of the peace, a prominent citizen whose ancestry can be traced back to Richard Burt who emigrated from England and died in Taunton, Bristol County, Massachusetts in 1647.

When Abigail was 10 years old she worked this endearing little marking sampler in blue silk, finishing it on "October ye 31", 1788. Abigail seems not to have married and her death was recorded in the vital records of Norton in 1832 at age 52. Her sampler survives as a wonderful example of a late 18th century marking sampler.

Worked in linen onto linen and in excellent condition with some areas of dam, conservation mounted into a 19th century frame.

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Sampler size: Slfz'' x 5" Price: $1250.

Sarah Hodge, New England, 1806 Sarah Hodge worked this sampler in the early years of the nineteenth century when samplermaking was still greatly influenced by eighteenth century sampler design and format. Tbe diamond patterned band across the top, the pair of stylized plants, and the overall assortment of stitches, including crosstitch, satin stitch, and queens stitch, are the indications that Sarah's teacher remained loyal to earlier techniques and standards. It is a very pleasing sampler worked in a variety of colors.

Silk onto linen, in excellent condition, it is conservation mounted into a beveled bird's eye maple frame with a black bead.

Sampler size: 111fz'' x 91/z" Price: $2000.

M. Finkel es Daughter.

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

9 Isabell Eaton Slocomb, Haverhill, Massachusetts, 1837 The schoolmistresses of the Essex County town of Haverhill, Massachusetts favored wide, lush, intricately worked borders on the samplers and this feature has become well known as an important feature of needlework from this town. This stunning sampler, worked by Isabell Eaton Slocomb in 1837 when she was only nine years old, is an excellent example of this group.

Isabell Eaton Slocomb was born on October 6, 1828 to Rufus and Elizabeth (Seargent) Slocomb who had married in that town in 1819. Rufus Slocomb began a two horse freight wagon between Haverhill and Boston in 1818 which became so successful that by about 1835, according to the History of Haverhill by George W. Chase, 1861, "he kept about forty horses and two yoke of oxen constantly employed in the business, and his large covered wagons almost literally lined the road from this town to Boston". At the age of eighteen, Isabell married William H. Carpenter, a last maker and their four children, Eliza, Rufus, William, and Minne Belle, were born in Haverhill.

It was generally the daughters of successful merchants, shipbuilders, lawyers and doctors who attended

schools such as the sophisticated ones in Haverhill. Isabell Slocumb was, in this regard, quite representative of the typical student and samplermaker.

Worked in silk onto linen, it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a later frame.

Sampler size: 16W' x 20"

Price: $7800. ¡

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

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Sally Walker, Rutland, Worcester County, Massachusetts, circa 1795 Sally Walker states on her delightful little sampler that she ''was born Octob/er the 13 in the ye/ar 1782" and our research confirmed this, and provided a great deal more information about her. Sally was the eldest child of Daniel Walker, Esq. and Sybil (Roper) Walker, each of whose families had lived in this area for many generations. Daniel Walker was an officer in the Revolutionary War and the impressive family homestead that he built in Rutland was still standing as of the early 20th century. Sally Walker married Moses Brooks in 1800 and their eight children were born in Rutland as well. She died in 1842.

This sampler, which most likely would have been made when Sally was between 10 and 13, includes the further inscription ''When this you se (sic)/ Remember me" and several carefully worked pictorial motifs. It is likely that Sally attended a local school and that this was an early accomplishment. Worked in silk on linen, it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a wonderful 19th century painted frame.

Sampler size: 13" x 7"

Price: $2200.

Barbara Noe, St. Louis, Missouri, circa 1865 Schoolgirl samplers from the Midwest are quite rare because of the obvious fact that the vast majority of the American population was located along the east coast until well into the 19th century. In fact, the town of St. Louis had only 1000 inhabitants in 1803 and in 1850 a population of 77,850. We have known of no other samplers whose provenance is provable to St. Louis and we are pleased to be able to offer this interesting example.

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Our genealogical research regarding this sampler turned up one Noe family in the entire state of Missouri: George and Barbara Noe, each born in Bavaria and were living in St. Louis by 1860. Their eldest child, a daughter Barbara Noe, was born in St. Louis circa 1851 and was listed in the 1860 census. We would estimate that she made this sampler when she was between 10 and 15 years old and it is typical of work from the 1860's. The sampler is quite large and features a charming Berlin patterned rooster.

It was worked in wool onto linen and is in very good condition with some very slight loss to the wool, conservation mounted into a period walnut frame with a gilt liner.

Sampler size: 24" x 18"

Price: $1950.

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

AMERICA ' s LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

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Elizabeth Parker, England, 17 46 English samplermakers at the middle of the 18th century were continuing the traditions that had been established for schoolgirl needlework for over a century and a half at the point. Elizabeth Parker finished this sampler on "April the 19 Anno domini 1746", creating an outstanding specimen of schoolgirl proficiency. The use of two-toned, couched metallic thread, the miniaturization of the verse inside the center oval, the faultlessly executed pictorial work as well as the very fine crossstitch used for the lettering throughout all substantiate the needleworker's talents.

Depictions of winged heads of cherubim and flying angels, holding palm leaves and trumpets, appear on other early samplers that feature verse of a biblical nature. The inscription beneath the alphabet at the top of our sampler reads, "I am but young in arts and cannot show the things that I unto your goodness owe. Be pleased to smile upon my small endeavors. I'll strive to mend and be obient ever" and it is the Lords Prayer that appears inside the oval wreath. We are finding it to be extremely difficult to purchase samplers made prior to the end of the 18th century, and we are quite pleased to offer this praiseworthy example.

Worked in silk and metallic threads into linen, it is in excellent condition and has been conservation mounted in its fine original frame.

Sampler size: 16lfz'' x 12" Price: $4400.

AMERICA's LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

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Rachel Moody, Family Record, Saco, Maine, 1829 The genealogical sampler served a purpose not unlike the family bible; it recorded and preserved information regarding the cohesive family unit, which had taken on a heightened importance in the early years of the new Republic. The DAR. Museum in Washington D.C. held a comprehensive show on genealogical samplers entitled The Family Record in 1989 and their catalogue of the same remains a valuable resource.

The Moody Family had settled in the area of York, Kennebunk, and Saco, Maine by the middle of the 18th century where Samuel Moody was born in 1780 and Hannah (Barnard) Moody in 1791. The birth of their eldest daughter, Rachel Barnard Moody was recorded in Saco and when she was 11 years old (11 in the 12th year of her age 11 ) she worked this family record sampler which combines alphabets, a very appealing aphroism and various birds and baskets. Rachel's sampler is particularly neatly worked with minute crosstitches forming the text and designs. Mter this sampler was made, two other daughters were born to the family, in 1831 and 1836. Rachel died on June 8, 1880 in Saco.

This sampler was part of the Whitman Sampler Collection formed early in the 20th century, donated to the Philadelphia Museum of Art and deaccessioned in the 1980's. The sampler was worked in silk on linen and is in very good condition with a slightly weakened area at the center, conservation mounted into a figured maple frame with a black bead.

Sampler size: 18" x 15IN'

Price: $2800.

M. Finkel e:l Daughter.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

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Mary Curry, Franklin Juvenile Seminary, probably New York State, 1828 The presence of a large institutional building always adds enormously to a sampler; indeed we were extremely pleased to have discovered this splendid example signed "This sampler was wrought in the Franklin Juvenile Seminary the gth of May 1828 by Mary Curry". It is, in fact, the second one from this school that we have owned, and these samplers confirm the sophisticated level of needlework taught to its students. We believe that the school was in New York State, as the samplers exhibit many regional characteristics consistent with this area.

The building, with its unusual roofline, is flanked by dogs, birds, trees and baskets of fruit set upon a fanciful striped lawn. A splendid bannerlike flag with five gold stars extends from the building and it is very possible that the samplermaker initially intended to work a horizontal band of sky across the sampler but ran out of time or changed her mind; the addition of a flag pole seems to have been a creative solution. The verse is one of the most desirable found on early 19th century samplers and refers to the sampler itself, the "proof of infant industry".

Mary Curry's sampler was worked in silk onto linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a figured maple frame with black beads.

Sampler size: 16W' x 16" Price: $6800.

(detail)

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel

es Daughter.

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Map of England sampler, F. L., 1791 This striking and meticulously worked Map of England is an excellent example of the extremely fine map samplers that were produced in England in this period. As both a tool for learning geography and a format for exhibiting mastery of needlework skills, this form has enormous appeal.

The boundaries of counties and the meandering oval border are executed in a very fine chain stitch and the flowers in the comers and border are worked in the satin stitch; the cross-stitched lettering is so tightly worked as to appear printed.

Worked silk onto wool, it is in very good condition with a number of small areas of loss to the wool in a black molded frame.

Sampler size: 20 114'' x 17" Price: $2200.

Harriet Dunn, Norwich, Norfolk, England, 1829 This is a handsome, traditional marking sampler made up of alphabets, numerical progressions and narrow decorative bands worked in crosstitch and eyelet. A row of oak leaves worked in alternate colors and another row of interlocking circles are quite charming. Marking samplers were generally the first project taught to young schoolgirls in the 18th and early 19th century. At the very least, it was imperative to know how to "mark" one's linens for purposes of inventory and, of course, many young ladies went a great deal farther and became accomplished needleworkers.

It is likely that Harriet Dunn was the

young lady whose christening is recorded on February 28, 1819 at Saint Giles, Norwich in Norfolk. She worked her sampler using persimmon and blue silk onto linen and it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a bird's eye maple frame.

Sampler size: lOW' x 10" Price: $1400.

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Polly Barker, Essex County, Massachusetts, 1793 Some of the most appealing of all American schoolgirl needlework came out of the small towns of Essex County, Massachusetts, such as Newburyport, Marblehead and Salem. These samplers boast a rare naive pictorial quality, which is extremely endearing, and our Polly Barker sampler is an excellent example of this genre. Animals, birds, and butterflies frolic amidst trees and flowers beneath the moon and stars at left and the sun at the right, and the needlework that engendered this scene includes the satin stitch, crosstitch and buttonhole stitch.

The verse worked, with some letters backward and some in their archaic early form, reads as follows: To my friends that me survive My memory to keep alive And when beneth (sic) my name you see Remember it wos (sic) wrought by me The samplermaker's name, Polly Barker, appears in white thread below the verse and the date 1793, was worked amidst the alphabets and numbers above the verse. The sampler is in overall excellent condition with some slight running of the green dye along the top; it is likely that at one point some moisture seeped into the sampler from the top of the frame. Silk onto linen, it is conservation mounted into a beveled mahogany frame.

Sampler size: 16" x 9W' Price: $6200.

(detail)

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel e;J Daughter.

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Hannah Ann Pryer, age 7, New York, 1826 This bright and pristine sampler made by Hannah ann Pryer must be attributed to an extremely appealing group of samplers about which Betty Ring, in Girlhood Embroidery, vol. II, page 318, writes "A charming group of small samplers known as "Female Association" samplers has survived from several New York City schools operated by Quaker women ... between 1815 and 1826". Our Hannah ann Pryer sampler exhibits many of the classic Quaker motifs found on Female Association and other samplers that were operated or influenced by the Society of Friends.

It is interesting to note that the students at the Female Association Schools were known to have been

needy and under-served by existing private schools. In 1845 the Quaker association ended when the jurisdiction of their schools was transferred to the Public School Society.

While we were unable to discover information about the samplermaker, we can only marvel at her skill as we note that she was "Ageed (sic) seven years" when she completed her sampler on March 7, 1826.

Worked in silk onto linen the sampler is in very good condition, conservation mounted into a reproduction maple frame with a gilt liner.

Sampler size: 16" x 13" Price: $6800.

M.Finkel ~Daughter.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

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Margaret Burt, Ackworth School, England, 1819

LET thy flock clothe the nakecl and thy table feed the hungryJ deliver the poor f ram oppres_ sion. and let thy conversation be

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The Ackworth School of Yorkshire, England was founded in 1779 with the purpose of providing an education for Quaker children from less affluent families; it was expected that both male and female students would receive an education as well as skills that would help them to find work after they left the boarding school. The girls learned needlework, both plain sewing and finer needlework, and many of the Ackworth school sampler patterns became hallmarks of excellent samplermaking throughout England and the United States. One classic Ackworth design is wonderfully austere: a simple verse was worked in the classic exceedingly legible Quaker lettering in an oval format with only an outline as a border. The Ackworth School still exists today and has a large collection of samplers worked at the school between 1784 and 1858, with at least four examples which closely resemble our Margaret Burt sampler.

The verse was worked with great precision by the needleworker, Margaret Burt, who, according to the Ackworth School archivist, was the daughter of Thomas and Isabella Burt of Newcastle upon Tyne. She was born on June 19, 1805 and entered Ackworth on July 17, 1815 remaining until June 30, 1819.

Worked in black silk into wool, the sampler is in very good condition, conservation mounted into a period black molded frame with a replacement eglomise glass mat.

Size of oval: 10" x 8"

Overall framed sized: 13W' x 12"

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Price: $4200.

M.Finkel es Daughter.

18

Margaret Clement, taught by I. Young, England, 1820 Twelve-year-old Margaret Clement, working in 1820, created an uncommonly appealing sampler. The scene includes Adam and Eve under a serpent-wrapped tree, with a stag, a large peacock, butterflies and the sun, the moon and stars all contributing to this captivating tableau. A charming two-line verse: "May virtue guide my unexperienced youth! and lead my footsteps to the paths of truth" appears, somewhat intermingled with the fact that the samplermaker was "Taught by I. Young".

The border is unusual and somewhat naive in design further adding to the exceptionally fresh quality of this sampler.

It was worked in silk onto linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a 19th century mahogany frame.

Sampler size: 161!2'' x 13" Price: $3800.

M.Finkel e:;, Daughter.

AMERICA'S LEADING sAMPLER AND NEE D LEW OR K D EALER

Susanna Ferry silk embroidery, School of Miss Abby Wright, South Hadley, Massachusetts, circa 1808 Many of the finest Massachusetts schoolgirl silk embroidered pictures were created under the tutelage of Miss Abbey Wright, an extremely well regarded schoolmistress who operated a girls' school in South Hadley, Hampshire County, Massachusetts from 1803 until1811. The techniques and designs taught by Miss Wright were highly sophisticated and most distinctive, rendering the work created at her school easily recognizable. Betty Ring has written extensively about this grouping, both in Girlhood Embroidery, vol. I, page 158 to 165 and in an article in the September 1986 issue of The Magazine Antiques.

One of the subjects assigned by Miss Wright with greater frequency than other teachers was a depiction of the Holy Family's Flight into Egypt and we present a praiseworthy example made by Susanna Ferry, a ten-year-old schoolgirl from the nearby town of Granby. This silk embroidery features the three overlapping chenille trees and the chenille "grape-like clusters of foliage" which are considered signatures of the Abby Wright school. The quality of the embroidery is outstanding and the application of the watercolor closely resembles that of the silk embroidery illustrated as figure 186 in Girlhood Embroidery, a strikingly similar silk embroidery by Hannah Moody and owned by the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Center, Williamsburg, Virginia.

Susanna was born January 23, 1798 to Captain Luther and Azubah (Dickinson) Ferry. Captain Ferry was a farmer and cabinetmaker with a shop at Ferry Street in Granby. Susanna married Adolphus Smith of the same town in 1819 and their nine children were born between the years 1820 and 1838; Susanna died February 6, 1852. When she worked her silk embroidery, Susanna included a wonderful little inscription and painting in the lower left quadrant (which is now covered by the reverse paint glass mat): 11 Susanna Ferry age 10 years 11 • This inscription was repeated onto the original glass mat, which, while cracked, has been preserved.

The embroidery and watercolor are in excellent condition in a fine gold-leaf 19th century frame. The present glass mat is a faithful reproduction of the original.

Size of the oval: 14W' x 12" Overall size of the frame: 17" x 13" Price: $9500.

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel

es Daughter.

19

20

The Rockwood family settled in Dorchester, Massachusetts in 1636 and ensuing generations populated many small towns in Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. Dr. Ebenezer Rockwood (17461830) graduated from Harvard in 1773 and put down roots in Wilton, Hillsboro County, New Hampshire where he was highly regarded as a physician, farmer and founder of the Second Congregational Church.

His son Lubim, also a farmer, married Lydia Burton and their children were born in Wilton. It was their daughter Hannah Rockwood, born in 1814 who worked these two praiseworthy samplers: a fine alphabet and verse sampler as well as a small family record sampler. Hannah's considerable talent in the needle arts is apparent in her crisp graphics and lavish pictorial images; it is clear that she was taught by a sophisticated instructress.

Hannah Rockwood Family Record, Wilton, New Hamphire, circa 1826 Hannah's family record sampler is an unusually small and charming example of this form. The vital statistics were worked with great precision and the handsome encompassing border was worked in the satin stitch executed in crinkled silk, with the samplermakers initials integrated into the design of the border along the bottom. It is likely that both of Hannah's samplers were worked in 1826 and that this small family record preceded the larger example. Worked silk on linen, conservation mounted into a 19th century reeded and painted frame.

Sampler size: 7W' x 8W'

M.Finkel

Price: $2800.

es Daughter.

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

21

Hannah Rockwood, Wilton, New Hampshire, 1826

Hannah's larger sampler effectively combines classic geometric-patterned columns, boldly worked images of fruit and flowers, alphabets, decorative bands and a highly desirable verse which extols the virtues of dividing one's hours between the book, the needle and the pen. The basket of fruit is an absolute gem and the large open-blossomed satin stitched flowers are equally stunning. Overall, it is a sampler that combines excellence in the areas of workmanship and provenance with impeccable condition. Silk on linen, conservation mounted into a beveled bird's eye maple frame with a beaded edge Sampler size: 17W' x 17" Price: $5400.

(detail) AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel

es Daughter.

22 Mary Elizabeth Freacke, Old Windsor Girls School, miniature sampler, England, 1884 While samplermaking as a tradition became substantially less popular in the second half of the 19th century, it did not disappear entirely. We have known of other late 19th century examples similar to this very charming little sampler, which attests to the fact that fine needlework continued as part of the curriculum at some schools for many years. This miniature sampler was worked at the Old Windsor Girls School which may have been in Durham, where Mary Elizabeth Freacke was born on May 19, 1870 at Greencroft Cottages. The marriage of her parents, Nicholas Oliver and Rebecca Hazard Waugh Freacke, was recorded there in 1867.

Worked in silk onto linen with a ribbon binding, it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a narrow beaded frame.

Sampler size: 6" X 3"

Price: $750.

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Miniature silk embroidered picture, American, circa 1820 Schoolgirls occasionally worked very small silk embroidered pictures of a similar nature to their large and important projects. It is likely that these miniatures were either momentos to be presented as small gifts or practice pieces such as an artist might work while painting a large work. This charming embroidered example, measuring only 3 W' high descended in a Pennsylvania family. Worked in silk on silk, it is in excellent condition in a later frame.

Size of needlework: 3 W' x 2 W' Price: $525.

M.Finkel ~Daughter.

AMERICA ' s LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Emza Baldwin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1834

Chester County, Pennsylvania, which is west and somewhat south of Philadelphia, is a particularly rich source of schoolgirl samplers due in part to the pervasive influence of Quaker education from the late 18th century onward. The Chester County Historical Society has an impressive collection of regional samplers that has been the subject of many exhibitions and articles. Chester County samplers and needlework are well documented in Historical Needlework of Pennsylvania and Arts and Crafts of Chester County both by Margaret B. Schiffer.

The history of the Baldwin family in Chester County traces its roots back to Thomas Baldwin, a blacksmith who settled in the area in 1697. His great-great-grandaughter Emza Baldwin was born June 9, 1818 to Thomas and Jane (Clark) Baldwin of Newlin Township and worked this classic Chester County sampler in 1836. She incorporated fully twenty-one sets of initials on her sampler: those of her parents, eleven siblings and four grandparents (the sets of initials flanking the basket at the center of the bottom represent her grandparents, Thomas and Lydia Baldwin and John and Sarah Clark). Emza's marriage to William W. Jackson of nearby Marshalltown was recorded on October 10, 1839.

Her sampler combines the cross stitch, tent stitch and flat stitch to form large flower blossoms on a meandering vine, a pair of small birds with a berry branch in their beaks and various potted trees, stars, flowers and baskets. The use of crinkled silk contributes an appealing texture and the overall effect is quite charming. It was worked in silk on linen and is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into its fine original mahogany veneer frame with cornerblocks.

Sampler size: 17" x 17"

Price: $4200.

AMERICA'S LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

23

24

Caroline E. Curwen, age 10, Salem, Massachusetts, 1862 Alphabet samplers, also known as marking samplers, were typically made by schoolgirls between the ages of eight and eleven as they were taught the basic techniques of samplermaking. These samplers can display an extremely appealing simplicity as evidenced by this example worked by Caroline Endicott Curwen when she was ten years old. Caroline was born January 7, 1852 in Salem, Massachusetts, the only daughter of James Barr Curwen, a prominent Salem citizen and banker active in the rubber trade and his wife Rebecca Hovey Endicott Curwen. Caroline was named for her maternal grandmother Caroline Collins Endicott, also of Salem.

This marking sampler, worked in deep green and persimmon silk on linen, is a delightful example which remains in excellent condition and is conservation mounted into a late 19th century oak frame.

Sampler size: 11 lfz'1 x 10 W1

Price: $725.

Alphabet sampler, American, circa 1825 This unusual alphabet sampler illustrates a variety of creative and boldly worked graphics using some the more unusual stitches likely to be found on any sampler.

Young girls generally practiced simple stitches on an alphabet sampler before going on to more advanced designs, but the maker of this sampler seems to have included every possibility on this fascinating example. The black/ brown silk combines well with the off-white linen; it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a mid 19th century walnut frame with a gilt liner.

Sampler size: 12" x 12" Price: $800.

M.Finkel ~Daughter.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Margaret Pound, Westtown darning sampler, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1805

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Westtown School, founded as a Quaker boarding school in 1799 and still thriving today, is extremely well regarded for the quality of the needlework produced by its early students, who were working under the direction of obviously knowledgeable and demanding teachers. Female students followed practically the same curriculum as male students with the addition of needlework, which was taught for two weeks of a six-week period. Margaret Pound was a student at the school between December 6, 1804 and June 1, 1805 and worked this outstanding darning sampler, naming the school as "Weston". This spelling was used interchangeable with "Westtown" from the school's inception until late in the 1860's when the later spelling was made official.

Westtown darning samplers were generally worked in white on white and instructed the students in the "plain sewing" technique of replicating specific patterns. Westtown darning samplers are in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Chester County Historical Society and a very similar example, worked in 1806, is published as figure 53 in Samplers and Samplermakers: An American Schoolgirl Art 1700-1850 by Mary Jaene Edmonds.

Margaret Pound came to the school from Rahway, New Jersey, where she was born on April 30, 1788 to Elijah and Isabella (Smart) Pound. In 1810 she married Samuel Hance and she died in 1880. The sampler was worked in silk on linen and is in very good condition with some slight loss to the black lettering as well as a small area of background linen along the top. It has been conservation mounted into a fine early 19th century frame with original stencil paint decoration.

Sampler size: 8 112'' x 8"

Price: $4850.

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel

es Daughter.

25

26

Chariott Bridgham, age 9, Rehobeth, Massachusetts, 177 4 On May 16, 1765 Charlott Bridgham was born to Dr. Joseph and Martha (Bucklin) Bridgham of the Bristol County town of Rehobeth. Her ¡ charming little sampler, worked when she was 9 years old, includes an alphabet, numerical progression and an unusual bit of verse which seems to read, "If woman will not be inclined to seek/ the _ _ improvement of her mind I tell! you Charlott it is true parrots/ can talk as well as you."

Three hillocks appear along the bottom with random letters and numbers; this sampler may have been a practice piece for a more developed sampler yet to come and it is this serendipity which contributes much to its appeal. Charlott worked her "9" backwards consistently, adding to the youthful nature of this sampler.

Charlott married Cyrus Martin of Rehobeth on May 12, 1785 and their six children were born between 1786 and 1810. Charlott died on January 20, 1841 at age 75.

Silk on linen, it is in very good condition, conservation mounted into a mid 19th century painted frame.

Sampler size: 12 IN' x 8 1h'' Price: $1950.

Catharine Jones, England, 1832 The sailing ship is a highly unusual image to find on schoolgirl needlework and renders this work by 10 year old Catharine Jones very desirable. The house with a blue roof and the many birds, trees and animals also contribute to the appeal. A cautionary phrase !Remember Lots Wifei appears at the right and must have referred to another lesson that had been taught to the young student.

The sampler was worked in silk onto linen and is in excellent condition with very slight loss to the silk, in its original black painted¡frame.

Sampler size: 11 'lz'' square

M. Finkel

Price: $1850.

es Daughter.

AMERICA ' S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

27

"England's Pride" sampler honoring 1000 years of the British Navy, circa 1875 This delightful sampler with its many whimsical Victorian motifs commemorates the millenia! celebration of the birth of England's Pride, the British navy.

In about the year 875 A.D., Alfred the Great (849899), King of the Saxon kingdom of Wessex, organized his troops and ships against Danish invaders in what is considered by historians to be the birth of the British Navy. One thousand years later the event was honored by a British samplermaker who included flags of significance to the British Navy along with the phrases 11 Brav'd a 1000 Years 11 and 11 England's Pride 11 on her work. It is fascinating that this event found its way onto such a traditional schoolgirl form as a sampler.

The sampler was worked in silk onto linen canvas and is in excellent condition in a late 19th century oak frame.

Sampler size: 16" x 12"

Price: $1250.

Soledad Mateos, Mexico, 1897

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In 1993, The Textile Museum in Washington D.C. mounted an exhibition entitled 11 Mexican Samplers: Patterns of Continuity and Changen which included samplers dating from 1784 through the late 19th century. A grouping of Mexican samplers sharing brightly colored bands of stitched designs was exhibited and our handsome sampler is a fine example of this genre. In translation we read: 11 Soledad Mateos made this at the age of 7 years, August 19, 189711 • It is remarkable, of course, to find a piece made by such a young schoolgirl. Worked in merino wool yarn onto linen, it is in very good condition with some slight loss to the wool, and has been conservation mounted into a maple frame. n...>r:

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Sampler size: 22" x 141fz'' • ""-'.oiiii'!..·H....

Price: $1100.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

Ribbonwork, probably Moravian, Pennsylvania, circa 1825 Ribbonwork was a very sophisticated variation of schoolgirl needlework that seems to have been introduced and used primarily in the American Moravian seminaries. This technique involved the manipulation and sewing of ribbons to form blossoms, stems, leaves and baskets and the results are generally spectacular. In The Ornamental Branches Needlework and Arts from the Lititz Moravian Girlsi School between 1800 and 1865, Patricia T. Herr speaks of this three-dimensional embellishment noting that occasionally diminutive examples were worked as tokens or gifts. This wonderful little example may well fall into this category. It was worked in silk ribbon and chenille onto silk and is in very good condition but with some loss to the background fabric (mostly at the right) and a few small discolorations. It is ina gold leaf frame with a black eglomise frame.

Size of needlework: 6W' x SW' Price: $2200.

M.Finkel ~Daughter.,

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

29

Elizabeth Noble, New England, 1812 The crisp clarity of this large and beautifully made sampler accounts for its highly appealing nature.

This piece was worked by a very young but obviously skilled samplermaker, who signed it, "Elizabeth Noble wrought this in the year of our Lord 1812 in the 9th year of her age". Her border, alphabets, verse and baskets are all overwhelmingly meticulous in their precision and the many pairs of tiny birds serve to impress with their minute detail. It is a colorful sampler as well, with an unusually broad palette of polychrome silk threads contrasting with the beige linen.

The samplermaker's choice of verse is a fortunate one and indeed the needlework does serve as "proof of infant industry". Worked in silk on linen, it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a beveled cherry frame with a maple bead frame with tru vue glass.

Sampler size: 21" x 17'' Price: $4600.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

Asenath Maria Simonds, Lowell, Massachusetts, 1838 The town of Lowell, on the Merrimack River, in Middlesex County, Massachusetts was the fastest growing town in the state in the 1830's as manufacturing mills came into existence. Public institutions, churches and schools were built and it was in this environment that Asenath Maria Simonds worked her alphabet and verse sampler with its wonderful border of meandering vines and open-faced flowers.

The verse, according to Mary Jaene Edmonds in Samplers and Samplennakers "is the single most popular poem to be found on American sampler embroidery" and indeed, we concur based on our many years in this field. Stitches include the crosstitch, used for the letters and numerals, and the satin stitch, which formed the flowers, leaves and sawtoothed borders out of crinkled silk floss. Asenath created a stunning sampler rendered more desirable by the inclusion of the name of her town.

Worked in silk onto linen, it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a fine mid 19th century gold leaf frame.

Sampler size: 18" x 17''

M. Finkel

es Daughter.

Price: $5800.

AMERICA ' S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

Paige Family Register, Bethel, Vermont, circa 1826 Although samplers were worked by a truly large number of schoolgirls in New England from the late 18th through the early 19th century, it is widely known by scholars in the field that the Colony of, and the later State of, Vermont produced far fewer samplers than Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut or Rhode Island. Indeed, Glee Krueger, in New England Samplers to 1840, documents only three Vermont schools that advertised samplermaking, as compared to the fifty-five from New Hampshire. A comprehensive exhibition at the Bennington Museum in 1997 entitled "The First Effort of My Infant Hand: Early Vermont Samplers" included only 22 examples.

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We are pleased to be able to offer this handsome Family Register sampler worked by a daughter of the prominent Paige family of Bethel, a small village on the White River, south of Montpelier. Family register or genealogical samplers served a purpose not unlike the family bible; they recorded and preserved information regarding the cohesive family unit, which had taken on a heightened importance in the early years of the new Republic.

This sampler was the product of either Sarah (born 1813) or Caroline (born 1817) and was worked shortly after the birth of younger brother Edwin in 1825. Their father, Dr. Alfred Paige graduated Yale, studied medicine and practiced in Barnard, Vermont where he married Sarah Bigelow, a seventh generation resident of New England with roots going back to Watertown, Massachusetts in 1639. By 1833 the family built a large brick house in Bethel where he "attained high rank as a physician and surgeon" (History of Royalton, Vermont with Family Genealogies). This sampler survives as a schoolgirl document of this distinguished Vermont family.

Worked in silk and crinkled silk on linen, it is in excellent condition, conservation mounted into a cherry frame with line inlay.

Sampler size: 17 W' x 17"

Price: $5800.

AMERICA's LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

M. Finkel~ Daughter.

Conservation Mounting Of Antique Samplers and Needlework Because of the important role that condition plays in the field of antique samplers and needlework, we strive to insure that these pieces undergo proper preservation while in our care. Below is a step-bystep description of the "conservation mounting" process. Our techniques are simple and straightforward; we remove the dust and dirt particles mechanically, never wet-cleaning the textiles. We use only acid-free materials and museum-approved techniques throughout the process. Please call us if you have any questions in this regard.

0

Carefully clean the piece using our special vacuum process.

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Mount it by means of hand-sewing onto acid-free museum board that has been slip-cased with fabric appropriate to the piece itself, and at the same time stabilize any holes or weak areas.

0

Refit the item back into its original frame , or custom-make a reproduction of an 18th or early 19th century frame using one of our exclusive patterns.

0

Supply a reverse painted black glass mat, if appropriate, done in correct antique manner.

0

When necessary, install trueVueÂŽConservation Clear glass which blocks 97% of the harmful Ultra-violet light.

0

In the framing process, the needlework is properly spaced away from the glass, the wooden frame is sealed, and the dust cover is attached with special archival tape.

M.Finkel ~Daughter.

AMERICA'S LEADING sAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER

SELECTED NEEDLEWORK BIBLIOGRAPHY Al~en,

Gloria Seaman. Family Record Genealogical Watercolors and Needlework.

Washington, DC: DAR Museum, 1989.

Bolton, Ethel Stanwood and Coe, Eve Johnston. American Samplers.

Boston: The Massachusetts Society of the Colonial Dames of America, 1921.

Brooke, Xanthe. Catalogue of Embroideries.

The Lady Lever Art Gallery. Alan Sutton Publishing Inc., 1992 Edmonds, Mary Jaene. Samplers and Samplermakers, An American Schoolgirl Art 1700-1850.

New York: Rizzoli, 1991.

Epstein, Kathleen. British Embrodery Curious Works from the Seventeenth Century.

Curious Works Press, 1998.

Samplers in the European Tradition Curious Works Press, 2000.

Herr, Patricia T. The Ornamental Branches, Needlework and Art from the Lititz Moravian Girls' School Between 1800 and 1865.

The Heritage Center Museum of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 1996.

Hersh, Tandy and Charles. Samplers of the Pennsylvania Germans.

Birdsboro, PA: Pennsylvania German Society, 1991 Humphrey, Carol. Samplers, Fitzwilliam Museum Handbooks.

Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Ivey, Kimberly Smith. In the Neatest Manner: The Making of the Virginia Sampler Tradition.

Colonial Williamsburg and Curious Works Press, 1997 Krueger, Glee F A Gallery of American Samplers: The Theodore H Kapnek Collection.

New York: E.P. Dutton, 1978.

New England Samplers to 1840 Sturbridge, Mass.: Old Sturbridge Village, 1978.

Ring, Betty. American Needlework Treasures.

New York: E.P. Dutton, 1987.

Girlhood Embroidery: American Samplers & Pictorial Needlework, 1650-1850.

Knopf, 1993.

Let Virtue be a Guide to Thee: Needlework in the Education of Rhode Island Women, 1730-1820.

Providence: The Rhode Island Historical Society, 1983.

Schiffer, Margaret B. Historical Needlework of Pennsylvania.

New York. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1968.

Schorsch, Anita. Mourning Becomes America: Mourning Art in the New Nation.

Clinton, New Jersey: The Main Street Press, 1976.

Studebaker, Sue. Ohio Samplers, School Girl Embroideries 1803-1850.

Warren County Historical Society, 1988.

Swan, Susan B. A Winterthur Guide to American Needlework.

New York: Crown Publishers, 1976.

Plain and Fancy: American Women and Their Needlework, 1700-1850, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1977.

M.Finkel ~Daughter.

AMERICA'S LEADING SAMPLER AND NEEDLEWORK DEALER