Administration Building (PSAB) are scheduled for Marchof next year, accordimg to Principal Sanford Nelson.
"We should have some classes in there by the start of '90," said Nelson.
The first step in the renovation is to remove all the asbestos from the building. He said this should take about a month. The second step will be to redesign the interior of the building.
''We're working with architects right now," said Nelson.
He said the building has air conditioning, a large room for speakers, and is suited for the handicapped because it has elevators.
'Teachers will be working with the architects to help design the classrooms," said Nelson.
He said that the building was the forerwmer to Pius but was never opened due to the Depression. It was acquired by Lincoln Public Schools in 1941.
Larry Hennings, facility supervisor, said the renovations on the interior of the building should begin in April or May.
'That design process is in the beginning stage," said Hennings.
The design team for Arclhitecture Partnership, the firm renovating the buillding, has conducted a high school study to help tlhem design the build• mg.
"We will be able to best determine what .is needed for Lincoln High," said Hennings.
Included in the renovatimns is a means of connecting the building to Limcoln High.
"There would be some mtethod of getting from one building to another wiithout going outside," said Hennings.
The building has about 410,000sq. ft. of usable space and about 140 parkimg places.
The goal is to be done by next fall.
"We're going to try to make it happen," said Hennings.
In a Sept. 12 meeting of the School Board the remodeling cost of PSAB i.waslowered from $1.1 million to $649,000, said Meg Lauerman, assistant to the superintenden1t for communication • services.
This is about $7 .72 a sq. ft., although the average cost of sirniliar pr-oject is about $20 to $25 a sq. ft., said Lauermam.
To save money, she :said, Lincoln Public Schools will use their owm crews, and Lincoln High students will help with the graphics.
tten ance
truancies
By Cory Ortega
Lincoln High has implemented a new attendance policy for the 1989-90 school year due to problems with the previous one.
Under the new policy, the parents of any student counted as truant will be contacted by the teacher of the class in which the truancy occurred. The student will then serve a detention for the missed class and receive a grade of zero for the day. After the third cumulative truancy, the student will have a required conference with the attendance coordinator in addition to detention and after the fourth, the consequences may include: modification of their schedule, alternative education or assistance program, referral to student services, a contract with the teacher(s) with stipulations for passing the class(es) and/or withdrawal from class( es) or school for the remainder of the semester. According to Attendc;;1ceCoordinator Opal Stoehr, the change was :nade to concentrate only on truancies, rather tha,1 all absences.
"We're going to deal will t'.1ekids who aren't coming, not with the kids who have a legitimate excuse," said Stoehr.
With the previous policy, any students accumulating 12 absences in a class would fail unless they went through an appeal process.
This year, the parents will also receive a call from the teacher, in addition to a recorded call from Principal Sam Nelson alerting the parents to
a missed class during the day. The call from the teacher, however, will only be the result of a truancy while the recording will be placed automatically the evening after an absence to give the parents time to call in. Sto,ehr said parents tend to question the validity of a call if someone other than a teacher makes it. They tend to question if the student was really absent or just late. Stoehr went on to say that if the teachers call, they can answer any questions the parent might have.
"It's better communicatiom between the parent and teacher because it's direct," she said.
Vice-principal Barry Star:k said that the parent response has been good.
"It's obviously a little extra time for the teacher, but the parents appreciate it at home," Stark said.
Stark said the policy has .helped already. Last year it took more than two weeks for a student to accumulate 12 absences, but now truancies are being taken care of after the first one. He said that absences are down and it may be due to student~' being reluctant to skip.
According to Stoehr, in the three years that she has been attendance coordinator there have been three policies Stark said that they are trying to stay with just one.
'The idea is to put an attendance policy in place and keep it there. If there are problems we can modify it, but keep the basic format," he said.
By Vikram Jaswal
In an attempt to meet the needs and interests of 1,970 students, facilities at Lincoln High are ''being taxed to the maximum," according to Principal Sam Nelson.
With more sections being offered in nearly every department, teachers are having to share rooms, and every classroom seems to be full every period. The problem lies not in the fact that the average class size is 26, but the average classroom is 500 sq. ft., a 2-300 square feet less than other high schools.
"It's getting to the point of stress with staff and students," Nelson said.
Although 1,970 seems like a large number of students to be placed in one building, it is not the most that Lincoln High has ever seen. In the 1938-39 school year, there were 2,765 pupils here. The building included the frrst floor east and west hallways leading to Johnson Gym, • which was not built until 1956, but did not have the relatively new industrial art rooms. However, classes were held in the halls and class size sometimes swelled to 50. Not good, according to Nelson.
"My personal ideal class size would be 20 or 21. However this is not possible because of finances."
Steve Ferris, a science teacher who has been assigned room 104, a social studies room in previous years, claims looking at averages can be misleading because small classes, such as advanced placement and MR classes, and large
classes, such as band and concert choir, tend to throw off the figures. He suggests to set a maximum and a minimum class size for the average class instead.
Ferris's classroom does contain a sink and several storage cabinets, which he claims are a bonus, but it does not have lab tables, which means that when students do labs, they must be done on the floor. The floor is also carpeted, so it would be impossible to do a lab with even a remotely hazardous chemical because of the fire risk, he added.
"The students are great about it, but my comfort level isn't. Therefore I won't do labs as often as I should," Ferris said.
An immediate solution to the lack of space at Lincoln High isthe Public Schools Administration building (PSAB), which LHS recently acquired. The building, directly south of LHS will probably house one or more departments and allow the others which remain in the original building to expand.
"PSAB will help eleviate the major problem we face, that is adequate classroom space," Nelson said.
Ferris disagrees, and said he would be surprised if 12 large rooms could be made out of PSAB.
"One's tempted when in a situation far less than optimal (like I have) to not look for long range solutions, but to look for those quick and easy solutions that would make tomorrow easier," Ferris said.
ForegnLanguageteacher Terry Hanshew is calling parents for students truancies.
Photo by Susan Kirsch
Hugh Lau, a sophmore, sits on floor and tries to view assignment for biology class.
Photo by Dan Koperski
Students and staff rushed to rescue their cars from the flooding waters on Sept. 8.
In many aspects, LHS is an over-crowded school. Seniors who have been here for all three years will graduate without ever knowing a school that had enough space for all of its students.
With the PSAB redevelopment plan, students in the years to come will be able enjoy a more spacious learning enviorment that includes larger and better equipped classrooms.
Perhaps the new addition will be in better structural shape. There may be an end to days like Sept. 8 when the school became a dangerous place to be. Several hallways and stairways were closed off, and students were forced to walk through already overcrowded hallways. There were buckets of water to step around and big puddles of rain-water to tiptoe over. It can be said without much debate that the entire situation was uncomfortable.
Maybe students won't have to do science projects on classroom floors. Due to a lack of space, one classroom has been moved down to an inadequate first floor room. Students do labs on the floor, since the desks in this classroom will not safely accommodate lab materials such as a microscope. This is an incredible learning disadvantage.
Maybe there will be enough lockers for every student. There are only 1,582 lockers in the building. The latest student population is 1, 970. Luckily, enough students want to share lockers so that there are enough to go around. But new students may end up having to share. Those lockers are too small to fit two sets of books, plus two coats.
Most seniors have had to deal with all of the above inconveiniences, and would probably appreciate spending the last semester of their high school career in the redeveloped building.
If the plan is going to continue to move at such a slow rate, seniors will only be able to appreciate the new addition for perhaps a month, and then they will graduate, always having attended an over-packed learning institution.
According to recent information concerning the addition, money seems to be an important factor. Payingpeople to do the work and to actually buy the materials must take a lot of preplanning.
One thing that could be done to simplify and save money would be to have students do the work as volunteers. In order to graduate, all students are required to do volunteer work, so it would make sense to allow them to help in the redevelopment plan. By contributing to the building, seniors would gain a feeling of pride, and would feel as is they were included in the whole thing. Plus, the administration could save money. Even sophomores and juniors could help, and this would instill even more pride and respect for the building, which is often is taken for granted and mistreated.
Years from now, the graduates of 1990 will have memories of an overcrowded high school building. If these graduates to be were allowed to help with the redevelopment, they would have something to be proud of for a very long time, something that could even outweigh the negative aspects of attending a school that was nearly bursting at the seams.
The United States system of democracy is envied by many other countries. But how well does the political system of democracy work for the American people? And is democracy safe not from other countries but from people? Basic unalienable freedoms are what holds the United States together and without these freedoms America would not be what it is today. The words "Endange1111entof Democracy" probably scare you, unless of course you are a Communist, or Nazi. but let's see how you stand on the things which are endangering our democracy.
The Cluderhoff Tales
By Dylan McCullough
Flag burning is endangering democracy. A constitutional amendment forbidding flag burning completely obliterates what the frrst amendment stands for; what America stands for. One reason people come to the U.S. is so they could be free, guaranteed certamlibetUA. When it comes right down to it the flag is decorated piece of cloth and if I can bum my own shirt I should be able tu bmn a flag. rm not saying that flag burning is a great weekend actiwitybut if you want to do it's your right. The time spent in Washington debating this issue was completely useless, when the time could have been spent on more pertinent issues such as the homeless, the environment and drugs. Even if you are for an amendment to the Constitution outlawing burning the flag I doubt you are for abolishing the fmt amendment. Just something to think about.
Censorship is endangering democracy. When I say, "censorship", you instantly think of pornography and burning books like ''The Wizard of Oz", "Catcher in the Rye" and "Slaughter-
The Advocatewishes to encourage reader response; as a newspaperwe would appreciateany in-put from students and staff. The purpose of the pa r is to represent everyone, and to provide pe ··· c rrent news arid information that affects our ud h. rea ers 1p.
This is your paper. Feel free to suggestideas for stories, editorials;or personality features. On a regular basis, the paper will be featuring a gmest editorialanyoneinterestedin being a guestedlitorial writer should feel free to contact one of· the editors. Another regt1Iarfeature will be a "c:ongratulationbox". The purpose of these will be to recognizestudentsand staffwho have done thi:ngs worthy of notice. These boxes will be in the editorial section.·
The ideas, questions, concerns and comments of our readershipare stronglyencouraged. Staff J11ailboxes are located inside of 31OA.
house-five," but did you think about art? Yes, art, the stuff in art galleries; those paintings, sculpture and photographs. Over the summer, a Washington gallery displayed a retrospective collection of the late Roger Maplethorpe's work. A U.S. Senator by the name of Jesse Helms went to see the exhibit, he was offended. He then proceeded to remove 45 thousand dollars out of the National Endowments for the Arts funding which was the same amount of money it took to display the exhibit. But who cares, right? I mean, it's just art. It is also censorship. The U.S. Senate is not in Washington to tell the American people what they can and can't see. I have seen examples of Maplethoxpe'i. work it is extremely graphic, both sexually and violently, and rather disgusting BUT people shouid still have the right to see what they want to see without persecution. The first amendment is one of the most important amendments to the Constitution, in my opinion. Abortion is endangering democracy. America is based on freedom and freedom is based on making choices. Abortion is a choice. Women and men should be able to make the decision, whether or not if it's morally right or wrong. Apply it to, you, wouldn't you like the alternative?
There are many other things endangering democracy such as an apathetic American people, low voter tum out, discrimination and drugs. Mandatorydrug testing actually endangers democracy but the September 18 issue of Time magazine said that 62% of Americans said that they would give up certain rights such as drug testing, unlawful search and seizure and being able to search someone's car without permission to help fight the war on drugs. On a high school level that means the administration could search our lockers without permission and without us being present. Would you be one of those 62%?
The "Endangerment of Democracy" is not something; you probably think about every day but maybe you should. I'm not saying I'm right, rm just offering a new look on the United States and it's political system. Just something to think about.
Many students ride bikes to school , and for some it is their sole means of transportation. It usually has the advantage of being a very inexpensive--but not always. Replacing tires can make it very expensive indeed. $3.15 for an inner .tube ($5.40 if you want
dition of sophomore members. The· ele¢ted •.··~h¢ld~hdct. 29 atSoutheast Conu!uni Col- • held to.Af()h°\il:m Jorol: G~
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Market Research Telephone
. Interviewers
Wor~on the sound systemstarted in July and their
We are now hiring for part time positions on evenings and weekends. Must be available a minimum of 18 - 20 hours a week. This is not a salesposition For more infom1ationcall 475-2525 betweennoon and 6 p.m. or apply in person at N.R.C. 1033 "O" GoldsGalleria4th floor. •
While you're still a senior in high school, you can pick one of the over 300 skills we offer for training. Qualify for your skill, and the Army will reserve a seat for you in that training school.
It's simple. It's smart. Once you graduate, and training becomes available, you're in. Guaranteed. It's guaranteed training in the skill you want. It's the Army's Delayed Entry Program, and here's how it works:
You'll be learning a skill that you know is right for you. Anything from communications to military intelligence. It's up to you, with the Delayed Entry Program. Find out more by calling
SSG Robert Travis at 475-8561 in Lincoln
to cutt
By Danica O'Connell
This year at Lincoln High new locks were put on all of the student lockers because of the problem of thefts. School administrators thought that the only way to solve the problem was to change the locks.
Ruth Jewell, school banker, said that the old locks were easy to break into "You could pull on the handle or kick the lockers to open them, ··she said.
The school purchased 5,000 new locks. Alexa Green, a senior said she likes the new locks better because students can't break into them as easily.
"Last year I had a leather jacket, car keys, and Oakley sunglasses stolen," she said. Green also feels that she would rather put up with the hassle of these locks than to take the risk of having something else stolen this year.
John Robinson, senior , said " I don't think they're (locks) as convenient: there is a good chance of losing tl1e locks, bt1t there is a better ci1ai:1ceof having your stuft stolen because you might forget to lock it, or you might leave your lock in your locker."
Dawn Little, junior, said she feels when her things are safe it makes her concentrate better during the day.
Photo by Mark Janlke
Back L-R: Natasha Jacobson, Jody Remington, Krista
Smith,NikkiSpickelmeier Frontrow:CarrieMcPherson,
Angie Christianson Not pictured: Nicole Leopley.
This summer while we were out tanning, vacationing, swimming, and cruising, many things were happening in the world. As teenagers, we have a tendency to forget about cu1rent events with the mind set that they don't effect us. This is eSJlecially true during the summer. Unfo1lunately, almost everything that happens does effect us, we just don't realize it. The following~~-tom1~entari.(es written about three of the summer's
· must ~willm!! t(t~ at baek~ eveitts and post-prot in "controlling" the protest, cotidng~new ~el'-','· 1 ~, ~w-!, lllStea£!of stoppll'\& !'1-t!i~J?tO!.C!!l.1!SC!f;- _ _ Weeding out didn't stop w "the politicians. In ear~fuly.. 27 By•Vik mJaswal
; The_famous: 1d~yinth~Tian~enS~uaremotestwasM 20. protesters wi2'e e=ted, quic'l\iy ancb~1?etly, each with_one ·· · .·On this day, ~ese Prune Muuster L1 Peng banned thew:st, gWJShot to the back c.f the heag. lfhe f.-rulies of these protesters • r By a 5-4 margin, the Supreme Court ruled in late JW1e tha anptherlawotitlllW gthedes · · ofth~flag. Toavoidhavirlg; dcclared.nuint1al law to be used against the d~onm-ators, ~d were then hilled for the bullets, Avhich cost about 27 cents.each. burniii{a flag w~ a form of free speech and was lhe:refore. tfu\ new law chall ed th ·.iw-neCou)"t, Hoµse mero.¥rs
- No ~?"c~t~rs were · dents, but instead were primarily p~d under~ Fir~ Amendment.· word~ it much morec specifically than ~e previous one. /The passed ~ver one million, 3,000 of
(Newsweek, July 1989) __J'h,e controversial ruling dealt with Gregory Johnson, a32-year"' Serr.m,has yet to consider the new law;
By Mandi. Cohen
Josh
By Jennifer Brennaise
e stu ents a
Summer days drifted away as nervousness
crept into the thoughts of students anticipating the new school year. Not only the sophomores with fear and expectations for a new school, but the juniors and seniors wondering how their classes and teachers will be.
Now, think of the feelings of the foreign exchange students that come to Lincoln High every year. They leave their friends.and families to go to another country with another language. Some of these students expressed their feelings. They commented about the size of Lincoln High although this didn't interfere with their feelings towards the school.
The teachers were also well received by most of the students.
Karl Edlund a Swedish exchange student said, 'The teachers are easier and seem to like what I am doing."
Carmela Perez a Spanish exchange student said, 'The teacher's are open with the students."
Lincoln High students aren't the only ones concerned about the new attendance policy.
Ilka Lohmeyer, a German exchange student said, "Lincoln High is so big I am always running to get to class on time. In Germany we didn't have to worry about attendance like here."
The students and student groups and activities are also mentioned by exchange students as being good qualities worth mentioning about Lincoln High.
Lina Thisner, a Sweden foreign exchange student said, " Everything is big, I like Lincoln High you are all more outspoken and have more clubs and activities around school. Being a part of Student Council is good to meet people and know what is going on. I really like the different cultures of students here."
Juliette Gottschalf, an exchange student from Holland said, "I like the activities, in Holland we don't have football and volleyball at school."
Edlund said, 'The students are easy to talk to."
Lohmeyer said, 'The people I've met are really super."
Although a great majority of thoughts expressed were positive not all were.
Perez said, "The only problem is that you change classes every hour and if you know someone in that class you can only talk for that class."
Everyone has different goals when journeying afar.
Lohmeyer said, "My goal is to see a bit of the land."
Gottschalf said, "I want to go to Miami, Florida and Colorado Springs, Colorado to ski." Without going through an experience like traveling alone to another country one can't unde. stand what it must feel like.
By Dylan McCullough
Ride
"It
s:ocial aspect of the program," Gibson explained.
Encouragement was highly emphasized, Gibson said. Gibson also saiid it was kind of neat to get away from Lincoln for a month and a half to experience a town like Pittsburgh with all its additional opportunities.
She says she is planning on majoring in theatre in college though she's not sure where she is going yet.
"I don't know. By going; out of state it forces me to take more responsibility, and If eel more sheltered here in Lincoln. I know I want to major in theatre, but I hav'e to have something else to fall back on, so I keep my horizons open," Gibson said.
After colleg! she hopes she can "make it" in theatre, but if she doesn't :she might tum to alternatives in the dramatics field.
"Theatre is a distinct part of my life. I just don't know what aspect of the theatre I will be involved in. I'm confused right now," Gibson said. Gibson got involved in the theatre when she went to audition for something at NETV. She didn't get the part but liked auditioning so she started taking theatre classes at the Lincoln Community Playhouse and got involved in working on technical crews for shows at the
playhouse. She proceeded to audition for things at the playhouse and finally got a part. Ever since she has been in the spotlight instead of shining it.
Gibson has appeared in "Mack and Mabel", "Chicago" and "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" and is currently appearing in "The Fantasticks" at the Lincoln Community Playhouse. Last year, she played
With
By Yolanda Few Tails
Before coming to Lincoln High, new Viceprincipal Barry Stark lived in Elkhorn with his wife and four children.
He was a high school and middle school principal for 13 years. He also worked for three years in a private business which manufactures athletic jackets and band uniforms, including Lincoln High's.
Stark was a high school basketball official for 18 years and was associated with social studies teacher and basketball coach Aldie Johnson. Johnson introduced him to Lincoln High School and gave him first hand awareness of the students.
"Lincoln High School has always had an excellent reputation," Stark said.
Stark graduated from Tarkio College in Missouri and received his Masters and Specialists
Summer days are gone but the memories will last a lifetime. My trip to Spain was not only a summer vacation but an everlasting experience.
Beginning in Madrid, it was like being in another world. There were people, all with their dark hair and dark skin, speaking their native language and watching us with their
On top of the action
By Karen Nalezinek
cur1011seyes.
The streets were narrow with small cars to accomodate them. As the people walk down the street the rushing cars honk as they go by. Along the narrow streets are clothing stores, restaurants and open cafes. The food tastes natural instead of artificial. Although the food was different you could fmd McDonalds, Burger King, Wendy's and Pizza Hut around the comer.
The clothing style was somewhat different. A lot of polka dots, with straight-legged highwater pants and shoes with BIG soles.
The fact of Americans in Spain did not appeal to everyone, but the hospitality of some
degrees at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Stark said that his bus:iness background has not influenced any of the decisions or policies he's implemented at LHS 'There's not a lot of tie in between business and education," Stark said.
Stark is very enthused about his new job as vice principal, and he very much likes the students.
"I really feel welcomed at Lincoln High School and I've appreciated (Sam) Nelson's help and the entire staffs s;upport in getting started here," Stark said. "I'm also impressed with the parents, they are very ,concerned about the students getting a good education. The 120 year tradition of Lincoln High School is also very important to me that I can be proud of in continuing the pride and the record of excellence."
a ura
By Dylan McCullough
was more than welcoming.
One afternoon while a friend and I were in the post office we were taken advantage of. I asked for aerograms ( m less expensive way to send letters) getting the reply that they didn't have any. My Spanish isn't great but I knew what I was saying. Thanks to a man by the name of Carlos I was given the aerograms I had asked for instead (J)fbuying paper, envelopes and stamps.
After staying with a family I came to realize that Spanish life is sirruilar to ours. People in the city lived in apartmJ.ents due to the shortage of space. Children and teenagers attended school and had sumrneir vacation similar to ours. Some adults held day jobs, some worked at night and others stay,ed home.
One major difference was that things seem to "happen" at night in 'Tarragona. The adults go to work at restauran·.ts until 3 or 4 a.m., while the teenagers hit the streets.
The streets are full of fun and friendship instead of crime. People of all ages join together to talk and dance while the local bands played, lasting until all hours of the night, sleep hardly seemed important.
My thoughts of Spain occur often. I hope to return there in 1992 f(J)rthe Olympics and to see the friends I left belrind.
Normally students wouldn't remember any two school days, but LHS students will probably remember Sept. 8 and 12. Natural disaster struck Lincoln High on the former, as students witnessed a rainfall of three to eight inches. On the latter, the lights went out throughout the school.
"There are certain things you are never prepared for such as floods. We didn't have an emergency procedure for handling that problem, whereas for situations like frres and tornadoes, weprettymuchknowwhattodo," Principa!Sam Nelson explained.
On the day of the flood, Sept. 8, streets all over the city were filled with water, and cars became boats trying to float out of the dilemma they were caught in. Many Lincoln High students went out for lunch, but some didn't make it back in time for class.
"We couldn't very well let school out because it would have been a larger problem than staying in school; parents expect their children to be in school and it is difficult to have 2,000 students running around town with two feet of water on the streets," Nelson said.
"I would have let school out, if the weather had persisted. At least they could of told us to move our cars earlier, most of those parking lots across
Electricity at LHS was cut on the following Monday; the second natural disaster in four days.
"If Lincoln Electrical System would not have known if the lights would ever come back on, I would have recomrnmended to the superintendent to let school out and I am reasonably sure that it would have. Students don't reali:ze that if school is let out it must be
the students and staff for their cooperation during the minor disasters. Nelson hoped if this type of situation arises again, the support of the students and staff is the same.
"Emergency situations need to be taken seriously, by everyone, including fire and tornado drills. Lives can be saved if we just play it cool."
Teacher Randy Ernst said about the situation, "I am not an administrator and have not been trained so my answer is an untrained one but in dealing with the situations at hand, I would have talked to the superintendent and weighed the pros and cons and decided if it was a wise choice to dismiss school. When both parents work, it is difficult to let school out and for the students that drive, that's great, but at least half of the students don't drive. It's a difficult decision."
Students carry umbrellas through the hallways because of rain leakage at UIS.
FOOTBALL
High School football has begun. Lincoln High's returning lettermen starters Shawn Smith, Terry Berks, Shane Zephier, Jim Gibson, T.J McDowell, and Dan McPherson are back along with the rest of the varsity.
"We are aiming to make it to the play-offs this year," according to coach Harold Simpson.
Simpson feels Gibson has started off really well and should have a strong season at quarterback, along with running back Smith, who plans to have another good season.
The Links have lost their first three games but are very optimistic. Senior Terry Berks at noseguard said "we've made afewmentalmistakes; that's been our problem." He feels if they play together, it will be a memorable season.
"Once we put everything together and get a win under our belt, hopefully things will start going our way," said Gibson.
The next game is Sept. 22 at Millard North.
CROSS COUNTRY
Experience plays a key role on both the boys' and girls' cross country teams this year, said coach Bob White.
Both cross country teams welcome back seven varsity letterwinners this season. With that much experience back from both teams, their main objecBoys and girls varsity and reserve teams compete at the Omaha Bryan Invitational tommorrow.
Sports movies are good entertainment
Back in school from a summer of movies. A movie, a two-hour adventure where imagination takes over and reality takes a break. In two-hours a team in last place can come back and win it all. Sports movies encompass either the thrill of greatness or the agony of just another terrible movie.
Behind Home Plate
By Todd Sandberg
Sports movies not only have to have a good story line but also have to be somewhat realistic. Both put together right and you can have a real successful show. And then there are some sports that make better movies than others. Recently the box office was hit with a barrage of baseball movies that all have done quite well, "Bull Durham," "Eight Men Out," "Major League," and "Field of Dreams." Earlier in the eighties there was the smash hit 'The N atural."
Among th~se five, the top two had to be ''Bull Durham" and 'The Natural," These two movies displayed great stories that centered around an interesting character who seemed veryreal. StarringRobertRedford, 'TheNatural" was a classic about a man, Roy Hobbs, destined to make it in the major's after striking out the mighty Babe Ruth. But a jealous girlfriend of Ruth shot Hobbs in his pitching arm ending any dreams turning them into nightmares. Later the recovered but quite old
Hobbs tried out for the pitiful New York Knights. Not as a pitcher but an extremely gifted hitter, Hobbs and his homemade bat led him and the Knights to the title while an old and sick Hobbs avoided being bought off by gamblers. "The Natural" is a movie worth seeing again and again. While boxing may not be a sport that people like to watch on television, when it hits the box office people flock to see Stallone knock the you know what out of Mr. T or some big blond haired steroid taking Russian. The next "Rocky"; Balboa vs. Tyson. Sounds good, if you want to pay four and a half bucks for 90 seconds.
Now it may be hard to believe, but I could only think of one basketball movie. But this one is as good as any sports movie. "Hoosiers" which came out in 1987, right when the Indiana Hoosiers won the National Championship in college basketball. This movie brought out almost all the emotions possible. The story was true, and it took place in the little town of Hickory which was lead by a hardnosed coach played by Gene Hackman. The Hickory Huskers which only had eight members on their team went all the way to the State play-offs. ff you haven't seen this movie I won't ruin it by telling you what happened.
There are a lot more sports movies that I remembered. Some all right and some just bad. But these in which I have mentioned are the ones that stood out in my mind. All the track people are probably wondering where "Chariots of Fire" is, which undoubtedly had the best soundtrack followed by 'The Natural" and "Hoosiers." Football fans are in a fog. "Everybody's All-American" was the only decent football movie I didn't see. Even though I did like ''Wildcats" with Goldie Hawn. While most people would rather stay home and watch sports on the T.V. for free. It takes a really good story to drag someone to the theatre and pay four and a half dollars to watch more sports. And these movies that I have mentioned are some that are worth the money.
tive is to regain the state titles, said White.
Senior Rachel Sandhorst :said that it's too early in the season to say how well they will do.
''We have the experience 1tobe a good team this year," said Sandhorst. "We all get along together, which makes it easier to work hard in practice."
Senior Joel Johnson said the boys cross country team has set very high team goals as well as individual goals to meet thus season.
"If we do well as individuals, will do well as a team," said Johnson. With the boys placing firs1tand the girls placing second at the Nebraska Wesleyan Invitational Aug. 31, White said the t1eam looked to be in really good shape, but there is always room for improvement.
Last weekend at the Har0>ld Scott Invitational, the boys' finished frrst and ]had all seven runners finish above fifteenth place. Leading the boys was seniorT .J Hubbard, who placed second,junior Chris Swanson was third.junior Kurt Holiday was fifth. and senior Troy Bishop was seventh.
The girls placed second overall, lead by senior Angy Tussing who placed second. Senior Amy Tussing was fourth and Angie Hudson was eighth. GYMNASTICS
sion at State last year but was injured for the team's first meet on Sept. 12. The boys' placed third out of 11 in their meet on Sept. 12. Returning senior, Brian Geer olaced fifth in the vault. Geer performed a vault toutine and received an 8. 7, the highest score possible for that routine. Returning member, senior Dong Nguyen is the team's second leader next to Powell he also scored well in his events.
"So far this year is going really well, the team has improved a lot through
Burkett Powell who placed third
Photo by Mark Jamke
Senior Ca"ie Moore, who places first against Beatrice in the All-Arowui competion does a handstand on the unevenbars.
ecor nu er a
By Vikram Jaswal
Following the Links' 14-10 victory over East on Oct. 13, a record 650 students attended the Homecoming dance, featuring the music of Lie Awake.
The large attendance at the dance seemed to stem from the fact that there was a live band, according to Student Council sponsor Randy Ernst.· Last year's dance also had a band, and the attendance was almost double from the year before, when there had been a DJ. That sent the message that students were tired of a DJ-type dance, Ernst said.
"You can turn on the radio and get the same music that you hear with a DJ. You can't do that with a live band," said Ernst.
Lie Awake, which recently released an album, came highly recommended, he said. Student Council paid$1,000 for three hours of music, and the band seemed to gave a large appeal group.
"We've even had 'groupie-type' people call Lincoln High asking if they can come listen to it," Ernst said a few days before the dance.
The band performs mainly in bars in Omaha, Lincoln, and Kansas City. They have done other high school dances, but never one for Lincoln
By Vikram Jaswal
Jason Koelzer and Tonya Roderick may be the last Homecoming King and Queen crowned at Lincoln High, as a result of controversy generated by a female's unsuccessful attempt to be nominated for Homecoming King, according to Student Council sponsor Randy Ernst.
Ernst said Senior Sarah Gibson received nominetirrr 119' r the 1X>11m,nlisted es "Kina " h,1t while tabulating results, Student Council disregarded Gibson's name if it was placed under the "King"column, in the same manner they would disregard a teacher's name. The intentions behind this were simple, he said.
"You can't have a female be King, because if she were, she'd be Queen," said Ernst "You can look in the dictionary for the definition of 'King,' it will say 'male, masculine.' You can look up 'queen,' it ,will say 'female, feminine'.''
Gibson agreed that "King" was a typically male role, but she said the selection of "Homecoming KiI1g" was not typical, because the "kingship" is not handed down hereditarily, as is the case in a usual monarchy. She added that she wanted the opportunity to take on that role because it would be, "fun, new, inventive and different."
"I didn't think I would win, but it never occurred to me that they(S tudent Council) wouldn't let me run," she said.
Homecoming Queens have been crowned at Lincoln High since 1950, but it was not until
By Jenifer Brenneise
High.
Keyboardist Craig Enders said the band had been looking forward to playing at Lincoln High.
"It's a nice change of pace playing for a younger crowd after you play in bars week after week," said Enders.
Enders said the band had been influenced by such groups as the Cars, Duran Duran, JNXS and the Cure.
"We play the kind of music which appeals to a lot of people, but it's college-briented," Enders said.
Thisyear's theme, Night of the Living Dead, centered around the fact that it was not only Friday the 13th, but it was also the month of October, according to Ernst.
"We wanted to play up this kind of ghastly, ghoulish sort of parlay," he said.
Black, silver and gold balloons decked the hallway outside of Johnson Gym, along with a make-shift coffm, complete with blow-up skeleton; a graveyard mural; spider webs; and bats. The gym itself was completely dark, except for the band's pink and blue lights.
Principal Sam.Nelson said he was pleased with the way things went and that there was more student participation than he'd seen in many years.
Ernst also said he was happy with the outcome. However, in the future, he said he'd like to see the dance moved to a different night, or the game to start at 6 p.m., so more time could be alloted for
the dance.
Other
1969 that the tradition of recognizing a Homecoming King was begun. This was to provide equal representation to males, as well as females.
·The fact that if Gibson were elected King, there would be two females represented and no males was one of the reasons Student Council did not count the votes for her, atccording to Ernst ''W1:h&Ye·asJorreserved.farmales=d a slot reserved for females. We wanted the males to have their representative and the females to have theirs," he said.
· The same rationale is used when the Democratic Party elects Nebraska representatives to the National Convention, said Ernst. Slots are reserved for men, women and people of color. Simply because one does not like women, for instance, does not mean they should not be given representation, he said Gibson argued that if she were elected King, it would be what the students wanted.
According to Senior Cory Ortega, advocate for Gibson, the nomination ballot was vague enough to allow a female to be nominated for King.
''Nowhere on the ballot did it say you must nominate five males for King and five females for Queen. It said, 'Please nominate five males and five females for King and Queen," she said.
Student Council members Dylan McCullough and Matt Streckfuss verified this, l,nt E.mstsaid he could not, because a:. ballots had been thrown Bean.
Distinguished Alumni were honored on Oct. 13 at an all school assembly third period. David Johnson, '69 graduate, Robbie Powell Bean, '47, and William Pfeiff,'36, were honored.
Pfeiff attended the University of Nebraska, and received a B.S.inEducationin1940and an M.Ain 1941. He was the Vice Principal of Lincoln High from 1965-78 and coached track and football. He introduced the sound announcements and an LHS tradition, "Another Lincoln High job well done."
Bean went to the University of Nebraska and got,an M.A. in elementary education. She did post graduate work at the University of Colorado. She taught first grade and received the Outstanding Teacher Award.
Johnson attended the University of Utah, 1975, and got an M.S. in Computer Science. He went to Washington University and got a B.S. in Electrical Engineering. He was promoted to Principal Engineer at Intel in 1987. He now is the program manager for BiiN's second generation system.
The honored alumni had different recollections of their school days at UIS.
"Lunch was real cheap, twenty cents for a hot meal," said
away and he could not remember the exact word• mg.
Gibson said there wouldn't be nearly as much attention given to a male wanting to be Homecoming Queen, because it would be seen as a male "steppiJl.g down." But a female wanting to "climb up" to the male role of King, would get resi,:tance ~·the way.she said
The Homecoming· titles of "King" and "Queen" have been debated as being inequitable because the King in a monarchy is usually given greater importance than the Queen, according to Principal Sam Nelson. Using the titles may encourage the misconception that males are more important than females, he said.
Nelson said he plans to do a review of educational literature to find out how other schools have dealt with this issue.
Changing Homecoming titles to non-sexist terms, such as President and Prime Minister is being considered for next year, Ernst said. Males and females would both have to be represented, but these titles would not apply gender or rank of one above the other, he said.
Under Ernst's plan, one year a male could be President and a female be Prime Minister, and the next year, it could be the ~ther way around.
Ernst said if Prime Minister and President were used, he'd like to do a complete overhaul of the selection process, as well.
'Th~ young people are haPP!' b.'ld enthusiastic as I rerriember," said Pfeiff.
Imagine to walk in the do:,rs you once used daily to fmd all the changes that have occurctl o,·er the years to make room for new students and classes.
"I haven't been here for t;ver1t)' years and the building looks a lot better. We didn't have a ,•ery big media center," said Johnson. "It is 8J11szingto see the technological cha:1ges, we used to have our football games here and everyone ,va:; i1,shape because we all had to walk to school none of us had cars," said Bean.
As thc:l reminisced, they recalled many changes LHS has made over the years, observing the students' views as well as the building itself. ,
'''There was a !oose r;p~ation, LHS wasn't good, the Vietnam war was going or1and the iltUl:;;nts emphasized their freedom of expressio11. I am ;;~ari:.he iichcol made such a good come back," said Pfeiff.·
"I get !he i.JTl!)'iessiontl1at your generation is more serious about school. I clldi1'tapplym.yself and it didn't seem to be a big issue," said Johmcn.
"I'd like to search for a better way (to elect people) than just a popularity contest," he said
He suggested having each club nominate a male and female for the Homecoming offices. The nominees would then run a canned food drive, and the male and female with the most carmed food collected would be made the leaders. Another si1ssestiona to have a lottery, and one inale and one female would somehow be chosen randomly.
Gibson said she was satisfied with the election being a popularity contest because Homecoming King and Queen don't do much.
'1t should be some recognition for people that are really nice and that a lot of people like a congeniality contest," she said.
In any case, changes will be made by next year, according to Ernst. The Student Council didn't have enough time to review the whole system of Homecoming Court this year.
'This will all be carefully thought out, and pros and cons examined. Not only by me, but by the students and the administration," he said.
Nelson complimented the handling of the situation by all those involved. He, like Ernst, promised changes.
"I see some modifications happening. Just because we've done things by tradition doesn't say that we've always done things right, and I know that," he said one
has ftlled their spirits with a great deal of enthusiasm. '1 was so excited I called my daughter at her job at daytime rates. Nothing compares to this and rve always told my children that LHS is the best highschool," said Bean.
"It felt good to be informed about being honored I think many people did honorary jobs in their professions and you just hope you make the best selection," said Pfeiff.
"As you get older it feels good to have accomplished something. You feel good about your roots and foundation when you made a difference even if it isn't a worldly issue," said Johnson.
Many students don't know what they have until they have • had time to be without it Then they remember the little things that weren't as bad as they thought.
"I left Lincoln High and wanted to leave Lincoln. To come back and feel proud of LHS and Lincoln is a good feeling considering when I left as a teenager I wanted nothing todo with Nebraska. Lincoln is a great place to get values that last a'life time," said Johnson.
"Lincoln High has excellent teachers who are caring and if you apply yourself here you can make it anywhere," said Bean. Lincoln }li.gh :!lasplayed a big role in their lives. Being honored
Dan Koperski
Jason Koelzer was crowned Homecoming King, and Tonya Roderick was crowned Queen.
members of the Court were: Heather Changstrom, Lisa Abernathy, Kathy Crump, Melanie Burger, Jeff Lomax, Jim Gibson, Joel Nelson, and Matt Streckfuss.
ADVOCATE
In a generationwhere the "future" is an all-hailedgeneric dream, and the "present" is an exciting adventure in spontaneity, the past is often forgotten. Beneath this school-lies a forgotten legacy that is innaccessibleto most students
The legacy was rediscovered when Advocate staff members were allowed to explore the cache of rooms and tunnels that exist beneath the bustling halls of LHS.
A room containing tables of tarnished trophies greeted our eyes. Some trophies dated back to the 1920's. Others, more recent, were new additions to the dusty room. Such symbols of past accomplishmentsshould not be left in an underground room to inspire spiders and mice. These trophies should be brought upstairs and displayed so that today's students can appreciatethe successesof their predecessors. Knowledgeof yesterday's achievementscould do a great deal to encourage today's students to set high goals.
In a different room, staff members were surprised and shocked to find a replicate page of the Guttenberg Bible.
The glass in the frame was broken, and the entire object had been cast aside among old textbooksand other "junk." The date on the bottom of the page was 1933; research in the
schoolarchivesproduced an Advocateof the same year. A news story had been written about the page, which a faculty member had acquired. In 1933,the page was considered a pretty big deal. How and why the page happened to materialize 56 years later in the basement is a mystery. The page was given to the media center, where it will be restoredand kept in the archives.
As one of the oldest and largest high schools in Nebraska, LHS could probably have its own private museum by now, but unfortunatelyeven the archive room has only been around a short time.
Marj Sawin from the media center said that the archives have only existed for .13 years. Before then, old yearbooks, newspapers and abandoned LHS paraphernalia deteriorated in musty cardboard boxes.
Some documentsremain in the basement Includedar:e the attendance and grade records of pre-computerized days. Accompaniedby Opal Stoehr, attendance coordinator, staff members searched for famous alumni Dick Cavett's attendance record The man, who attended LHS in the 1950's, had an admirable attendance record. The ancient ledgers are heaped in a pile and overflow from a crowded shelf. Some lie on the floor, where they are aging rapidly. These documents are part ofLHS' long history, and should at least be placed in a clean, dry place.
Faded and overused textbooks should be recycled, either by being used in some manner by classes or by taking them to a paper recycling plant These books are not benefiting anyone by being packed in cardboard boxes.
Todays generation tends to discard what it thinks it doesn't need. Current standards state that the future is almost as important as the present The past is often forgotten and history discarded Inspiration can be derived from past accomplishments and encouragementabsorbed from memoriesof long gone students (not so much different from the students of today). Historycan serve as a guide, for the past will never cease to repeat itself.
A bit o the bizarre or readers to consider
Bizarreness in school newspapers. What do you think of the picture in the center of this story? Kind of weird, don't you think? Do you think that the "opinion" or editorial page is an appropriate place for this display? What this "oddity" offers is a change, a difference, an
The Cluderhoff Tales ·
By Dylan McCullough
alternativemuch like the newest kind of music spreading across the United States, Alternativemusic. Alternative music is not exactly Top 40 but is not punk. It is somewhere in the middle. The hottest Alternativebands cw1ently are The Cure, XTC, PIL, The Pixies, New Order, Love and Rockets and. The Sugarcubes. Do you think change is good, do you think traditions are
article and some people's eyes have been opened to the world of Alternative music.
"What's the point?" you may ask (including my editors). To offer a change, a difference,maybe for the better, maybe not, you decide. There are many positions that are possible to take in this controversial,issue. Sure, I like change, but the editorial page should be more conservative, so put this display someplaceelse. This is great, put more suprises into the paper or it defeats the purpose of the paper,to inforn1. Of course, another purpose is to entertainand I am sure this entertains some of you.
worst in students
On Oct. 13, a group of LHS alumni gathered in Johnson Gym. Before them was the entire student body. Needless to say, the boisterous crowd of students proceded to talk during the alumni speeches.
Staff members were not the only people upset about student behavior; some students were embarrassed by thebehaviorof their peers. It was difficultto listen to what the guests had to say when the people sittingnearbyinsisted on discussing their plans for the weekend, their love lives and other "pertinent"studentconcerns. The behaviorof the inconsideratereflected on all of us.
The atrocity continued throughout the alumni speeches, and then, during the pep rally, the speaking stopped. How ironic this was. A pep rally was intendedto excite students and fill them with warm and bubbly enthusiasm. This partic11larrally had a mellowing effect Perhaps students are confused. The silence and attentivenessshould have been reserved for the distinguished alumni.
There are solutionsto this bothersomeproblem. Mandatory assemblies should be abolished and some minor changes need to be instigated.
Many students are thrilled about getting out of class to listen to speakers or to attend a pep rally. Other students would rather study or do homework. (Seriously.) So, those students who don't want to attend assembliesor pep rallies shouldn't have to. These people should be allowed to take their books to the cafeteria, where they could work in silence. Several teachers would make sure that a quiet and serious atmospherewas maintained.
Order could also be maintainedif entire classrooms sat togetherfor assemblies\hat take place in the gym. This way teacherscould control their own classes. (Notice how nice and attentive students were during the Oct 18 country western assembly. when each classroom sat together in a designatedsection in the auditorium?)
Those who have observed pep rallies and assembliesfor a while now will notice that the gatherings that received student attention and respect were those that were loud, funnyand entertaining.Pep rallies sometimesdo this, as do many of the "fun" guest speakers and groups that visit.
Studentsare for the most part quite mature. Maturity is dictatedby an ability to conduct ones self with control and politeness. A mature person can at least be quiet and respectful when observing something.that doesn't have "direct" influence on his or her personal life.
Someday one of us may receive an exclusiveinvitation to speak to LHS students. Imagine how we would feel if the chatteringof some rude individualsdroned out our own speech.
I'm sure we would be annoyed.
Dylan McCullough likes alternative music and thinks you should listen to it too.
Bizarreness on the editorial page of school newspapers,a controversy that we cannot deny.
This was not my original idea for "The Cluderhoff Tales." The original idea was a very straightlaced commentaryon Alternative music, but let's just say the article was "below par." So now I offer an alternativeof a differentkind. made to be broken? Since the beginning of the school year, we have seen traditionsbroken or attempted to be broken. A woman fllnning for Homecomingking, this
nattentiveness displays lack .of respect
Editors:
This letter is written to the Advocate regarding the Distinguished Alumni/Athletic Hall of Fame Assembly on October 13. First of all, Lincoln High School provides a most unique situation in that its heritage and tradition extends over 118 years. Secondly, by honoring and recognizing the accomplishments of LHS graduates, that tradition is continued in a very special way. In the short time that I have been associated with LHS, a high regard and respect has already been established for all the students. For that reason, it was an uncomfortable position to observe the talking and inattentiveness of some of the students.
The majority of the students displayed the respect that this event required. My concern is that those honored would not have left LHS with anything but the ulmost respect for the current LHS students. Since all of those honored once sat part of the student body, I hope that the attentiveness of most of the students was recognized more than the inattentiveness of some. It is understandable that the gym was crowded and the assembly was long. However, my confidence in and admiratio for all LHS students tells me that all future guests through our assembly programs will receive the best that our outstanding student body can offer, The staff and administration expect the 'best from the best! Thanks for your understanding.
BarryStark Vice Principal
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The all-school play, "Our Town", will be presented Nov. 3 and4 in the auditorium at7:30p.m. Joe Kreizinger is the director and will be a!!Sisted by student directors: Junior, Josh Davies and University of Nebraska senior, Paula Kaplan. "Our Town", written by Thonton Wilder in 1938, tells the storyoflifeinasmall towninNew Hampshire called Grover's Corners. The play centers on Emily Webb (Sarah Gilde) and George Gibbs (Vikram Jaswal) and their trek Jb1 ea,lu,lve T,opl,ol fi,h
through life together. "Our Town", is unique in that is done without any set, and nearly everything is pantomimed because very few props are used.
''It challenges the actor to convey a sense of realism to the audience (because no props or sets are used),"said Melissa Lewis, who plays Mrs. Gibbs.
Kreizinger held auditions at the end of September, and since Oct. 1 the cast has been rehearsing three hours a day.
Senior Joel Nelson plays the Stage Manager, who narrates the play. Nelson decided last year that acting in a play would be fun, so he auditioned.
''I was in Drama I my junior year, and (Diane) Fichthom (drama instructor last year), was directing the play. So she encouraged us all to try out. I did, and it worked out," said Nelson. ''The plays are a lot of work, but you're incredibly happy with the results."
~;.::.:~ Sophomore Sarah Gilde, who plays Emily, said she had a similar start to her "acting career." "I tried out for plays at Lefler because I thought P it was fun," said Gilde. "But here it's much more serious. You have to find how your character is supposed to be, and the directors tell you whether T it's right or not."
Kreizinger said "Our Town" was performed in 1953 and 1969 atLHS,so heandJaswaldecided to go through school records to fmd addresses of the casts from those two years to invite them back.
"We've gotten a few responses back, and we · hope some of the old cast members take up our invitation to come to the play," he said.
Other members of frLecast are Kristi Filarski, Kjerstin Bowman, Ali Johansen, Jenny Ulrich, Sarah Gibson, Dylan McCullough, Monty Stoakes, Brent McKibbin, Mike Cox, Troy Bishop, Duane Herriot, Matt Dobbertien, Doug Tice, Lantz Koenig, Joshua Fritz, and Pat Adams.
• lilCO Il ase revea s sc
Photo
Photo
Photo
Photo by Val Tobler
productions,JoyNites,
and musicals have been viewed from these seats.
Photo by Val Tobler
Photo by Val Tobler
By Mikhala Beutler
We all have a cause. We value it, and if necessary fight strongly on its behalf, but there are few people who can get you to believe in their cause and be entertaining at the same time.
Two music groups of young adults here at Lincoln High ate voicing their opinions and having a good time doing it. The Def Troops, and Gyrlz Posse perform smooth raps on subjects
"Sometimes the message gets across to kids," Bryan Wells (on Def Troops) said on a serious note, "and it's a good feeling inside."
such as drug abuse and racism.
The Def Troops, including; Bryan Wells (Double U), Daniel King (Silky), Aaron Davis (Davis), and David Fowler (Dee); formed their group to sing at an eighth grade "Just Say No" rap contest. In the beginning the group just wanted to have fun, do some raps and meet some girls. Now the social concerns that face teens are higher on their priority list.
"Sometimes the message gets across to kids," Wells said on a serious note, "and it's a good feeling inside." Renee Esquivel, of Gyrlz Posse, agreed with him.
"I'm just ready to have fun and get the message across," she said.
Gyrlz Posse with; Renee Esquivel (The 'R'), Angela Lee (Sweet Gigi), Dee Jackson (DJ Dee X), Nichole Lee (Jamm-N), Delita Wilkinson (Luscious Leta), Denita Wilkinson(SassyT); got
sex an
The theme of the 80's was "Just say No!" As we move into the 90's the theme is 'The War on Drugs." It seems a bit ironic that for everything the infamous "they" are telling us not to do, there is no alternative. The two biggies we're suppose to say no to are sex (gasp) and drugs. As yet no one has suggested anyt:hmg in lieu of sex and drugs so I am going to offer a few.
TIBS
Cruise "0"
This is an obvious solution to almost any problem. What better way to spend an evening (and money burning up gas) than driving up the street, and down the street, and up the street, and down the street. Besides, our illustrious Lincoln police count on teenagers to meet their ticket quota. What would they do if they could not drive up and down "O" street giving us tickets? The unemployment rate would sky-rocket. If you drive fast enough, you can say you were doing speed, not to mention the fact you'll need your full wits about you to explain those tickets to your parents!
Watch the evening news
You will see more drugs in one night on the evening news than you probably will in your entire life. All you have to do is imagine the person who tries to take that much of any drug and you'll be sick enough you won't consider drugs an option.
Watch soap operas
Either you'll laugh so hard you'll never be able to think of sex seriously again, or you'll be so disgusted you won't want to. Get a job
Between school, homework and a job, the only thing you'll want to do with you're spare time is sleep. Trust me, I know.
Go people watching People are very interestinganimals. fve often wonderedwhy :zoo'sare such popular places when people areso much more interesting. Go hang out at Gatewa)'or East Park on a Saturdayafternoonandyou'll see whatI mean. Watchingthe mall warriorscm
together for Lincoln High's Joynite and has been working on developing their reputation ever since.
Racism is one of their main concerns. They wnuld like to break down some of the stereotypes. There are certain feelings that could be a\'oided.
Angela Lee is especially concerned about the looks minorities receive from other students when the classroom discussion is on racism.
That is a hard feeling to deal with she pointed out.
While Gyrlz Posse is only at the beginning, The Def Troops have had a number of exciting performances. They have performed during half time of a University of Nebraska Lincoln basketball game, at numerous, Recreational Center , dances, as well as having the chance to get a little 'wild' and rap at the Folsoms Childrens Zoo.
All agreed that the feeling of being recognized is a big reward.
"It makes you feel good," said King. Others added that it is also exciting when people come up to them on the street and make positive comments about their performances.
You would expect a group of teenagers to be nervous getting up in front of large audiences and performing but not these high school stars.
"I get nervous," confessed fowler, but he continued to say that the mood of the group is very rea!xed.
Gyrlz Posse has no problem with the Jitters.
"It's what we like to do best," says Jackson. We are all like one big happy family she continued tc say.
Both groups see a successful future; not only for themselves but for the victims of racism, drug abuse, and other social concerns.
S SU este
be so much fim. You know the ones, seventh and eighth graders who walk back and forth; and back and forth, and back and forth. (This is good practice for Cruising after they get their license.) Thinking about whether or not you actually acted that way when you were in junior high wi'll make your head spin faster than any type of drug will. Also, if you're in one of those sticky situations involving peer pressure, it's easy to "say no." You'll have a lot more fim watching everyone else being totally asinine. Besides, if they don't remember anything, you'll be there to remind them (and inform everyone else) of just how stupid they really were.
Bury yourself in school work
Think of how happy your parents will be when you bring home straight A's on your report card Think of how happy your teachers will be when they see you applying yourself. When everyone else is ooµig and ahhing about how well you're doing or how much you've improved you're bound to feel pretty darn good about yourself which, in tum, will give you a natural high.
Be creative '
If you must snort coke, put a straw up your nose and inhale your soda. If you want grass, mow a lawn. If you want acid, play in the chem. lab. (Okay, don't play in the chem. lab,. · conduct experiments on various elements and gasses and such.) If you want to see a naked (well, half naked anyway) person, go downtown and look through the posters at Twisters. If you need to relax or help falling asleep, curl up with Walden by Henry David Thoreau. If you need to perk up, take all of the towels out of the bathroom in the morning, so after taking your shower you have to run around the house naked before you can dry off. What with the weather turning cold and all, it's bound to wake you up faster than drugs or coffee (and yes, teachers, caffeine is a drug) ever could. fve given you several viable options to doing drugs, you can take them or l~ve them. Life can be a pretty exciting, frustrating, exhilarating, stressful and beautiful experience and the ·wonderful thing about it is, it can be all of those things at the same time. Come to think of it. those are the same emotions a lot of artificialsubstancecause too. Maybe life is a drugall it's own. You be the judge.
By Danica O'Connell
The trees at Pioneers Park have withstood many hardships in the last 59 years of their Saunders then presented a check for $2,025 to the Lincoln Parks and Recreation. One third of this money was raised by five of the Saunder family members. existence.
First there was the Depression of the 1930's when during the drought, workers carried bucket after bucket to water these thirsty young pines and now years later they are faced with yet another great obstacle. Nearly 75% of the pine trees have been struck with "Diplodia" and "Dothistroma", a tree disease that is unstopable.
Efforts are being made to replace the dying trees with new, young pines. Tom Saunders, cochairperson of the Pioneer·s Park Task Force, has set up many benefits to help raise money for the trees. For instance, with the help ofother task force members, he was able to organize a flea i;narket at the American Legion Park. "We had four different bands, including the Lincoln High Jazz Band, btaked cookies.and the flea market. All proceeds went to replace the dying trees at Pioneers Park", he said.
"My wife, Lorraine, made over 400 bags of noodles and 68 angel food cakes", he.said. "Dick Patterson, a counselor at school, got the students and the staff over there involved. The younger generation should be included in our senior citizen programs. Your Jazz Band, they volunteered, they didn't have to do that."
A total of 200 trees have been planted with the money that has been raised.
"I would like to give a special thank-you to Lincoln High students and staff for their help on our successful Trees For Pioneers, because we couldn't have done it without them."
If you would like to donate fimds for thereforestation of Pioneers Park, call Ann Sampson at the Lincoln Parks and Recreation Department, at 471-7847.
Photo by Mark Janlke
Gyrlz Posse members Ange./a Lee, Delila Wilkinson, Renee Esquivel, Dee Jackson, Nichole Lee, and Denita Wilkinson chillen' infirstf/:oor hallway.
•
e1111isends on a
By Karen Nalezinek
As the season ends, the varsity boys' tennis team had three of their six qualifiers win the first match at the state meet October 12 and 13, at Dewey Park in Omaha.
Senior George Porras, number one singles, won his frrst match by default but was defeated in the second by third seed David Skid of Millard North. SeniorTodd Sandberg and sophomore Max Banwell, number one seat doubles, also won their first match against Kearney, 6-3 6-2, but lost to North Platte in the second.
Mike Garcia, a junior, of Lincoln Southeast won the singles State title with a record of 240. The doubles title was won by seniors Rick Stempson and Mark Jones of Lincoln EasL 'The team had good workouts along with a ·. good attitude this season," said varsity coach Dennis W eixelman.
According to Weixelman, the state meet is set up so the matches of the top six players are already set, and the other players draw for their opponent(s ).
"We got a good draw this year and have a good shot at winning the frrst couple of meets," · Weixelman said.
"My season was off and on. I hope to be more consistent,"said Porris. "I feel the team really progressed over the season."
Other qualifiers were senior Zach Barber, number two singles, and senior Chad Francisco and junior Marc Sarata , both number two
ome
doubles. Barber was defeated in his first match and so was Francisco and Sarata.
The reserve boys' tennis team placed second in city, with sophomore Scott Tooley winning all three of his matches.
October is a weird month. It's the time that State tournaments are drawing closer to the fall sports. The mental part of sports is a big deal at state time, anxiety levels are high, the feelings of "I have to do well out there," and just the excitement of the whole thing are presenL
Each team deals with State differently because with different teams come different levels of abilities, spirit and goals. Two of the six sports have already had their state tourneys, boys' tennis and girls' golf. Lincoln High did not have any state qualifiers for golf which is OK because the cut to reach the state meet was some ungoshly low score of a 89 or 90. Considering the lowest any Lincoln High girls' golfer has ever shot was a 106 from Stephanie Knapp at the Greater Nebraska Conference last year sidering we only had two girls that hung in there and did really well for their individual scores on the team, it's OK, (I played golf, I know).
Behind Home Plate
by guest writer Amy Folmer
The boys' tennis team did well for itself. Three seniors 6n the tournament team have played on varsity since they were sophomores and one sophomore and one junior also made the tourney team. The boys tied for twelth place, and three of them won their first matches~ One thing fve noticed about the tennis team is the parents. Every sport has it's devoted parents who come and watch and cheer their children on. Maybe it's because they can do more with a smaller team but the tennis.parents and the team seem like a unified, caring, elite group of people who are constantly doing things for each other, like dinners before meets. At the banquet last · year, Barb Barber, Zach's mom, made table settings with tennis balls and flowers in a baskeL Nice. Now we move to our Cross Country teams who have state today. The boys won the district title with five team members placing in the top ten end T J. Hubbard nl:tcing th;rd The girls' team received Professional Personnel Services NPA National Personnel Associates • All Disciplines • • Local and National Placement
By Todd Sandberg
Under the direction of coach Bob White, the cross country teams have put up very good rec!>rds. Both the boy's and the girl's teams have qualified for State competition today. This years motto for the boy's has been "run as a team." The boy's have not lost a meet all year.
"We have very good depth," White said, "we're going to win as a team, not as an individual"
T.J. Hubbard, senior, who finished ninth overall in last years State meet is the boy's number one runner 'This season tops last season
· brought them down last year.
"We're doing a lot better than last year, and we're an increadibly strong team." said Bishop.
White said the goals for both teams are to regain the State title. Bishop agrees and wouldlike to win the State meet by 15 points. "We're just preparing for that last meet, all the others don't even compare to this one." said Hubbard.
Other varsity menbers of the boy's team are Chris Swanson, Jason Glather, Kurt Holliday, and Rod Betty, all juniors. 222
GIRL'S CHASE DOWN SOUTHEAST
Leading this year's team are seniors Angy and
Amy Tussing, Angie Hudson. and Rachel Sandhorst. The girl's "miracle" second place in Districts are just a sample of what can happen when this team is healthy.
"Injuries have really hurt us and we just don't have the depth to make up for it." said White. Hudson who has only ran in three races is still happy the way they turned ouL
"With all the injuries we've really gotten off to a slow start but I hope we can place in the top three at State." said Hwison.
When healthy this team is a pretty experienced team in only losing one person from last year.
"We work well with each other, we're practically the same team from last year." said Sandhorst. Sandhorst has also only participated in three meets but her and Hudson are back for State.
"We have a chance, but southeast is probably favored." said Sandhorst about the State meet.
The only thing lacking for these teams are publicity.
"In Lincoln Higheveryone knows what's happing," said White, "but in Lincoln, I see mostly Southeast." · ''The people with dollars have influence ~hich is SoutheasL" agrees Johnson.
Sandhorst doesn't expect people to come to their meets but she also agrees that the Lincoln papers defmately are biased to SoutheasL
third place, and Angy and Amy Tussing came in 5th and 6th respectively with Angie Hudson at ninth place. Two years ago the boys and girls each took the State titles, and 'last year they were building up so they could take state again this year. Well, it's worked out OK so far for the boys, but the girls got gypped. The Tussing twins have been on varsity since they were ninth graders and too)c S:tate that year as well as the year after. Thay basically deserve to take state because they are seniors now, but this year Southeast, who is always very close to Lincoln High in ~coring at meets, and took state last year, happened to have two sis'lers move into their school district. By chance the one happened to be last year's state Cross Country champion of Arkansas as a 'Sophomore and her sister, a freshman, runs times very close to hers-. That's right; no one said sports were fair. Well, it was the big game, Homecoming 1989; the distinguished alumni and the sports hall ofF amers were here wishing the football team well. Marlo Bluford, T.J. McDowell, Eric Lee .and Terry Burks rooted the team on at the rally to beat its opponent Lincoln East, whom they would play that evening at Seacrest field. East scored in the first quarter with a field goal then scored again with a pass from East quarterback Tim Edwards to wide receiv, Scott Ode, so it's 10-0 at halftime. No one ever really knows wl ·goes on in the lockeroom at a halftime of the football game except for the players. but whatever happened last Friday night boosted the Links spirit to come out, intercept the ball and score a touchdown andthen intercept again and score another touchdown which made the final score LH14-LE10. This also made the players' year, according to some football players. Any way, they qecide who goes to state in football by how many points they have after regular season. Not points scored in a game, but a team would receive say 50 points for beating a team with a winning record and so on. So, right now Lincoln High is three wins and four losses and we have two more games. They could win these games, be 5-4, and not have a wild card shot, unless Columbus and Northea have losing records or lose their next two games, it's confusing
I think consistency best describes the boys' and girls' gymnastics teams. TheyhadtheirdistrictsonOcL 13. Theboys'teamtookfirst place with Burkett Powell ·finishing third in the all-around The girls' team took third place, with Carrie Moore also placing third in the all-around. Five of the past six years the boys' have won a district title and the girls' took state last year. The girls' lost five seniors last year, although they are still placing well at districts. I think this reflects the rigorous training involved in the sport of gymnastics and how a lot ofhighschool gymnasts come straight from NebraskaSchool ofGymnasticswheretheyhavecompetedinmeetssincetheywere 7. On the boys' team right now threeofthenineteammembersare also in NSG and many have taken there in the past. Their State meet is the Oct. 27, but they have probably already competed against their best competition-East, at districts. Lastly, volleyball. These girls have my vote for being the most untalked about, unwatched sport at Lincoln High, and it's not fair because the girls' have the longest practice season of any fall sport and more competing events than any other. The girls' volleyball team doesn't even go to districts until Nov. 2 and State isn't until Nov. 10 and 11. The team is 3-11; but records are deceiving because the team isn't bad. They've played many top ranked teams, they have lost some of their games by close margins, and also fm not sure if it's Karma or what but every season, every school has to have one sport that does not get the limelight, does not have a leading "good person" on the team and basically just has an off year. · So their state scene is like this- they go to districts and play a team equal to them in records (the worst play the worst, and the best play the best), then after that game all havoc breaks loose because who ever wins• the worst teams' game, they have to play the winner of the best teams' game, fll never understand that, it's like a slow death, but that is how volleyball is. All in all, Lincoln High sports are not bad by any means, in fact they are good when you see the amount of dedication each of the team members put in to their sport and the stress levels they all must work m1der, especially at State.
Porras has been playing tennis for six years andhopes to continue playing on a scholarship in college.
Photo By Jack Dempsey George Porras shows his form hilting a grownd strolu..
By Christie Pitts
Seniors Amy and Angy Tussing areonce
Golfers strive for improving scores
By Christie Pitts
Girls' Varsity golf team this season, was more of a individual effort then an team effort said Coach Joel Christiansen.
The team consisted of two girls, Senior Alyssa Storey and Sophomore Gretchen Galusha.
·
Despite only having two girls on the team this year, coach Christiansen said the girls got to focus on their individual play, instead of worrying about how the team is doing.
Storey and Galusha said they both weren't disappointed to compete as a team this season.
They both said it gave them more of a opportunity to focus on their individual play, then
worrying about the team position at meets.
The team consisted of five girls, when the season started. Due to conflicts when school started, three of the girls had to quit the team.
Storey and Galusha were the first girls to score under 120 in a district meet in four years said Christiansen. Storey shot a 118 and Galusha shot a 117.
Coach Christiansen said the future of girls golf relies on the ninth and tenth grade girls. He said if the girls come out during those grades, they will be very competitive by their senior year. Christiansen said he encourages girls to come out for golf, because it could be a life time sport for th,em.
Inductees to sports Hall of Fame honored
At.halftime of the Links 14 to 10 victory over Lincoln East, 15 inductees were honored in front of a crowd of over 3,000 people.
Jerry Kletchka, 1972-'74, lettered three times in track, once in football, and twice in basketball.
Lettering twice in football in 1953-'54, Jack Duffek was considered one of the best tackles ever.
John Spaedt, 1963-'64 lettered three times in track and once in football.
With four letters to his credit, two in football and two in wrestling, Duayne Nelson was on thel 968 State Champion football team. Excelling in two sports, Francis Ayres lettered twice in both basketball and track.
John Carlson also lettered in two sports, both
football and basketball. Coburn Tomson is still .listed on the on the all-time track charts in three events.
Swimmer Perry Branch, lettered three years and was a member of three State Championships, earning gold medals.
Ron Perry excelled in basketball and football for two years.
Ralph "Bud" Williamson is the fourth golf letterman to be inducted.
The following were also inducted to the Hall of Fame, but are deceased. They are: Monte Munn, Lyle Holland, and Leo Benson.
Judy Johnson Hart earned seven letters in three sports, including track, volleyball, and gymnastics.
Amy (left), Angy take time ouJfrom Cross Country practice before districts.
Photo by Dan Koperski
Over 2,000 people attended Lincoln High School's Open House on Wednesday, according to teacher JeffV enema, an organizer of the event.
"We had as many [people] as we could take," he said.
Open House was held to better acquaint the members of the community and Lincoln High School with each other, he said.
"If all people do is drive by LHS, they certainly do not know what happens inside these walls. Seventy-five percent of the people that pay taxes for the schools do not even have kids in school. They should know what they are paying for," said Venema.
The Advanced Marketing class was responsible for much of the planning, but the entire school assisted in putting the event together, he said.
The open house featured many clubs and faculty talking about their roles at Lincoln High. Each hall way on the recent addition to first floor was designated as a certain aspectofLHS. There was an academic hall, an atheletic hall, a nostalgia hall, and artistic hall.
Vocal, intrumental, and drama groups performed in the band room. A Chili/Desert feed, sponsored by the atheletic booster club, was held in the West gym. The East gym had acarnivaltype atmosphere with booths sponsored by LHS clubs. Alumn:i had the opportunity to get a faux activity letter with their name and graduating year written on it.
"[It's] interesting to visitors when they can see all of the many aspects of LHS," Venema said. This year's theme, "Linking the Past with the Future," was selected because of Lincoln High's
Ernst selected to serve on College Board
By Jennifer Brenneise
The theme shows that, al though Lincoln High is the oldest public school in the city, scientific advances, such as the electronic classes' laser and the satellite dish, have been made.
Lincoln High holds an open house every other year. When it was held last, in 1987, attendance was approximately 1,200. Venema said the increased attendance this year was due, in part, to the extended media coverage and the fact that KHAT was broadcast live from the East gym.
He also said the Advanced Marketing class worked harder to make this open house a success.
Visitors to the event thought it was "very interesting" and felt that they were "better informed about what happens in Lincoln High School."
Venema said he was very pleased with the entire event.
"We're feeling real good," he said. "We are thrilled down to our toes."
Randy Ernst, psychology teacher, was selected to serve on the College Board by a committee that is developing an advanced placement psychology course for high school students.
In August Ernst was called by the Educational Testing Service in Princeton N.J. and asked whether he'd be interested in applying for a place on the A. P. Psychology Committee. He sent a resume containing practical experience, credit hours in psychology and teaching experience. Ernst was later quizzed on his basic know ledge and viewpoints on what was considered important in the area of psychology. He went through a series of phone interviews.
In September Ernst was chosen for the committee and a trip to Manhattan followed to discuss with university staff as well as one other school teacher the wording and meaning of context for the curricula
"It was difficult at frrst to sit at a table with the group of people whom you've been studing their material for the last ten years." said Ernst. Ernst said the seven member committee had quite a diversity. There was aparapalegic as well
as a mixture of races, ages, sexes and professional titles.
At frrst Ernst said he felt somewhat intimidated and didn't put forth much input. At the second meeting he voiced his opinion and held his own because he knew he was letting those supporting him down.
'The reaction was varied by my peers, some said congratulations and were very happy for me while others were strangely silent." said Ernst after his position had spread to other faculty members.
Ernst said one person even asked if he was embarrassed to be on the committee and said he got the appointment by a pull in psychology. Ernst said he doesn't know what the pull is otherwise he would have used it a long time ago.
"I do my best and take the position seriously. Academically nothing has matched this experience." said Ernst. "I just wish more people could have this experience, it really does invigorate " you.
· On the College Board subcommittee, Ernst will serve one year having responsibilities of
discussing with the committee how to write the questions and the wording of each section.
Ernst said he doubts that he is the most qualified person for the position, and even though he doesn't have an advanced degree in psychology he does have a good background and over a hundred college credit hours in psychology alone.
Ernst said it was an advantage for him to be from Nebraska because the committee needed a representative from the midwest. There were also more females in the group so being male probably contributed also. The committee also was searching for a teacher currently teaching psychology with a minimum of a bachelor's degree in psychology.
The AP Psychology program is planned to be ready for high school classrooms across the nation in 1992.
"The Administration at Lincoln High and at P.S.A.B. have been extremely supportive and have allowed me to go to New York when I am needed." Ernst said.
tlfSMical baclgrouru1 aninnovative technology.
Plhotoby D•n Koperski
A little girl is greeted by thll lDECA Duck.
Photo by Jack Dempsey Mr. Brestel raises money for thll Close-Up program by taking wet sponges in tM face.
Mummer Brenl M cKibbin dramatically paints a faJure link's face.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Photo by Dan Koperski
Mike Gaither gets aced by thll Boys' L-Club booth.
Parking is clearly one of the biggest problems at Lincoln High School. For the past two years, a clear solution has not been developed, only compromises. Perhaps these compromises were made because the administrationdid not want to deal with the problem.
Every student and teacher at LHS has a very clear opinion on parking, whether it works or not, or if a change is necessary. What should be done about the problem? Should it go unnoticed or should we push for a change? We believe a change is necessary. But in passingjudgment about change, it is absolutelyimperitive that we understand the system as it is now.
The system for the north lot, told to students by an administrator,is this: To park in the front lot one must
be a senior with a parking permit, one must park in a marked stall (except for some areas, which can be gotten away with). If this criteria is not followed,the car will be towed, without warning. Rather simple, ambiguous, but simple. The enforcement of this policy is the largest problem. ,-
The enforcementof the North lot policy is ambigu-
ous. Who decides if a student will be warned or if their car will be jerked from the front lot? There needs to be a set policy, that studentsand staff are aware of. Are cars towed just to set an example, that, hey, we are doing something about the parlcingproblem. When going to
school, education is the key to our being here. It is completelyunderstoodby us that there are certain laws that we must follow while in the building. But we cannot follow laws that we don't understandor that we do not know!
Guest editorial by Senior Kathy Crump
Contrary to popular belief, the Pep Club, Cheerleaders, and Porn-A-Linksdo have a purpose. They were establishedto supportthe LincolnHigh Athleticteams. The necessityand legitimacyof these spirit groups has been questioned. Being a cheerleader, I would like to see student support at all of Lincoln High' s activities, but there are two basic reasons why you don't see spirit groups everywhere you go. There are too many events and not enough people to cover them, and they have experiencedunfavorablereception when attending of some of those events
People have to realize there are only 30 Cheerleaders and 15 Porn-A-Links.This fraction of the student body can't possibly attend all the athletic events, (about SOper season, and that's just Varsity),plus the speech and debate contests, band competitions and countless other competitive activities LHS students are involvedin. Maybe they could all be covered if we would send only one representativeto each event, but that one person couldn't possibly have the same effect as spirit groups. That statementalso raises this ques-
tion; How 1o you cheer for a debater? You can't; that's why the spiritgroups have concentrated on supporting activities you can cheer for, sports. The spirit groups have supported nonathletic groups, such as the allschool mtsical. What? You didn't see the cheer at the beginniniof"Hello Dolly"?That's becausethere wasn't one. It w1sn't appropriate for the Cheerleaders to jump up and ytll, "Sing, sing fro~11deep in your throat. Come on LinkJ,hit that high note!", after intermission.Instead, the spiri.tgroups lY.light a block of tickets and attended the mvsicalto6~ther, but who knew?
The spirit groups have also been asked, "Why don't you support_?" Usually, a member of a nonathletic team will ask that, and the usual response is, ".[ don't know." So, I did some checking with the PeJP Club sponsor and asked her if Pep Club could atternd. She asked, what would they do? So I talked to the speech/ debate coach and asked if he needed help running the tournament,becauseif he did, he could have members of spirit groups act as runners. Not only would there be workers for the meet. but there would also be school support for the competitors.To my knowledge,he never
ure exzs sin ras
Last year I attended the Nutcracker Ballet. I was excited at the prospect of witnessing such a classical production. After walking into Pershing Auditorium (the same !)lacebasketball games and fleamarketsare held) I discardedany notion I had previouslyhad about sophistication. I had expected to see people who longed for the same beauty that I did-when in fact a great deal of the audience wore jeans and expressed boredom during the production. Concesssions were peddled durir1gir,termission. Basketball and ballet "In Nebraska,what's thedifference?"I said to myself. At that time I was under the misconceptionthat culture did not exist in Nebraska.
Periwinkle
by Tina Koeppe
For months afterwards I was frustrated, for I-an underprivileged Nebraska child--longed to experience some of the culture I had read about in books and magazinesand seen in movies and on television Ballet, opera, art and gourmet food. I wanted beauty. I wanted culture and plenty of it. Instead, I got school dances, KFRX,Herbie Husker and hot dogs. So goes life in the Midwest.
It dawned on me one day (not long ago) that Nebraska has culture
Every Saturday morning thn11sandsof Nebraskans dress in bright red and cheer for the Comhuskers. The streets are crowded with old and young, all clad in varying shades of crimson. Friendly rivalries are rekindled. Vocal chords are temporarally destroyed from constant screaming of"Go Big Red!" Is this not passion?
Once a year the Nebraska State Fair opens its gates to people from all over the state. This is the place where one can gaze at dopey-eyed cows, enjoy the delicate flavorof comdogs, get nifty (free) bumper stickers, ride a conglomerationof stomach-quakingrides and if one craves musical entertainment--there areconcerts to attend. All in one place. Is this not tradition?
In thesummer, the lakes are crowded with bodies of all shapes. People bare their skin to harsh sunlight and splash aroundin murky green water. When darkness strikes, rome people seek the shelter of tents and campers. Late at night, dim lights burn within the campgroundswhile fervent card games are played and conversationsare carried on untildawn. Natureand humankindare akin in an abrupt kindof way. (This is as close tto nature as somepeopleever get). The smell of citronella, the dampness of swimmingsuit:sand the taste of charred marshmallows bring forth a certain energy. Is this not beauty?
At the beginningof autumn,manyNebraskanfamiliesjourney into NebraskaCity.TheJ.SterlingMorton mansion(ArborLodge)is exploredby manyfor what may be the hundredth.time,picnicsareenjoyedin the Mortonparlcandthesmall-townstreets areexploredby weekendtourists. Never missed is the journeyto an appleorchard,wherevisitorsbuyenoughapplestg last almosta decade. Is thisnot refined? SheldonArtGalleryis locatedneardowntownLincoln. Withinspaciousroomsareworksof art thatcould rivalthoseof largergalleries. Hereis whereone may fmd the traditionalcultureupheldby otherregionsof theglobe. Theconcretedreamsof otherhumans,some of whichmayevokean emotionalresponse,orperhaps a blankstare.We stare.We feel. Is thisnotculture?Is this not Nebraska?
followedthrough and asked for the spirit group's help.
On another occasion, spirit groups have attended certain events and tried to be supportiveby cheering or doing porn routines, but were not well received. A certain athletic team expressed their dislike of the Cheerleaders and asked them not to return.
The Porn-A-Linkstried dancing at a wrestling meet in accordance with a request trom the coach. Parents were upset that a bunch of girls were dancing on their sons' mat.
The Cheerleaders were also asked to expand their sphere of influence by cheering at the Honor Roll RecognitionBreakfast This would be a stretch for the Cheerleaders,and as they predicted, it did not go over well. Parentsand studentsalike were doubtfulof the appropriatenessof the cheering.
It would be nice if people could follow the spirit groups and help support Lincoln High in all of it's aspects. I'm.not saying everyone should go to a basketball game, (althoughI'm sure the players would appreciate it), but the student body should work with the spirit groups, not against them. As for now, it appears that the best place for Pep Club, Cheerleaders, and Porn-A-Linksis on the sidelines of an athletic event, but if anyone has a suggestion as to how the spirit groups can better support Lincoln High School as a whole, please tell us.
The
Folmer
Koeppe
Streckfuss
Nalezinek
Pitts Todd Sandberg
Ortega
Toumbs
Koperski
VanSchoiak
Val Tobler
D'f.lanMcCullough Vikram Jaswal
JackDempsey
Mark Janike, Michelle Parris, Jeff McArthur
Mikhala Beutler, Jennifer Bre11N!ise,Mandi Cohen, Yolanda FewTails, Danica
on erence
By Mandi Cohen
The Students' Equity Leadership Conference
was held on November 9 at PSAB and Lincoln High from 1to 7pm. About 70-80 students from Lincoln High, Lincoln East, Lincoln Southeast, and Bryan Leaming Center participated.
The reason for the conference is to acquire knowJedge, attitudes and skills which help to build understanding between persons regardless of their race, sex, age, religion or mental and physical differences, is a vital part of successfully reaching our goal, as stated in the Educational Equity Implementation Plan.
Ann Irvine, Equity Administrator to the Lincoln Public Schools, planned and organized the Equity Conference with some input from Rainbow Club board members and a few others.
"It gave me a chance to learn more about discrimination besides racism, " said Sharon Okra Rainbow Club treasurer.
Sue Cain counselor at Lincoln High and Rainbow Club co-sponsor said to many people think everybody is equal, and ignore the differences that should be shared though out the community.
The schedule of events consisted of a panel of community leaders explaining a specific area of knowledge and questions from students. There
e ps to acquire new s l s towari s equzty
were two discussion group sessions on several different issues. Some discussion group topics were stages of ethnic identity and liberation and interracial families.
"It gave me a chance to learn more about discrimination besides racism," said Sharon Okra, Rainbow Club Treasurer.
About 15 Lincoln High Rainbow Club members were facilitators for the discussion groups and helped welcome the students from various schools.
"I was really pleased with the Rainbow Club members and received good comments," said Irvine.
The Equity Conference has been around in the past educating students and teachers. The last conference was in 1985 but because of new state regulations on hours students must be in school there have not been any more recent ones, explained Irvine.
Quinetta Jackson 2nd Vice President for Rainbow Club, said, "I feel the Equity Conference gave us a chance to explore other cultures."
A Multicultural Specialists position that works under the Superintendants office will be hired. The positions job will be to focus on helping students and teachers with multicultural understanding. The position was opened nationwide llfld over 135 applicants have applied.
"I thought the conference went very well, next time I hope we will have a better turnout," said Irvine.
By Mandi Cohen
Hear Ye, Hear Ye, 'tis tyme again for Ye Olde Yuletide Feaste. The Madrigal Singers provide delicious delights for thy mouth, heavenly music for thy ears, entertainment for thy eyes, and a delightful evening for all.
The Madrigal Singers are presenting a Yuletide Feaste on Dec. 3. The Cornhusker Hotel Grand Ballroom will be filled with450 guests and about 100 Lincoln High students performing in the festive event, said music director Joseph Skutchan.
The Madrigal Singers are a group of selected students who perform music from the Renaissance era. This group of 16 students are preparing for the feast under supervision of Skutchan.
The Grand Ballroom will be transformed into a Renaissance hall with students portraying beggars, traveling musicians, dancers, tumblers and jugglers. Vendors will be moving about selling Renaissance souvenirs to willing guests. Lords and Ladies, the Court Jester, Court Herald, and a hand full of villagers will be a part of making the · authentic ambiance more realistic.
The feast will be a traditional 16th century Boars Head Feast with six fanfares that announce a course of food or entertainment. One of the
fanfares will be the procession ·of the boar's head brought in by four laddes and presented to the guests. The wassail fanfare is a toasting of a drink to good health. The Madrigal Singers will be performing through the evening.
"We(the Madrigals) were singing Yuletide songs when it was wa11noutside," said Skutchan.
All the singers have medieval costumes representing16th century attire. Other students participating in the feast will also be in costumes depending on their role in the event. Their costumes are provided by the music department and have been used in past feasts.
The Madrigal Singers have two main events during the school year the feast and a spring celebration. Both events take a large amount of time and preparation. They have been preparing and planning this event since school started. ·
"We were singing Yuletide songs when it was warm outside," replied Skutchan.
The opening fanfare is at 6:45. The dinner and concert is $15.00 per person.
North lot presents problem for students, administration
By Matt Streckfuss
Twelve cars have been towed from the north lot since the beginning of the year, almost half of the total last year, which was 25, according to Bill Zuspan. administrator in charge of parking.
After giving out warning stickers for the first couple weeks of school, according to Zuspan, the administration decided to give two warnings over the announcments which stated that no more warnings would be given.
"In order to warrent a tow depends on these factors: if a student parks in one of the visitors stalls or the handicap stall, if a student blocks others or if they block the driveway, if the car does not have a sticker,"said Zuspan.
Parking passes have been given out to 450 seniors allowing them to park in the north lot.
The lot contains 173 stalls, 168 are reserved for students, four are visiting stalls and one is reserved for the handicaped according to Deb McKinny, secretary.
When Lincoln High aquires PSAB an addi-
tional 170 stalls will help relieve the parking shortage for both students and stieveaff.
Even though planning hasn't gone into specificcs according to Principal Sam Nelson 20 to 25 stall will go to staff who presently don't have stalls.
Before final planning happens Nelson wants to hear from students.
'The only way to effectively make student parking work is if the students buy into it and help make it work," said Nelson.
Guidelines which Zuspan has specified over announcments are: park within the lines, don't block others, don't park in restricted stalls, first come, first serve and the bottom line is "drive with discretion and judgment."
To be able to park in the north lot students mustbe seniors who meet the Honor criteria. According to Nelson the criteria consists of having no failing grades, no suspensions and no multiple truancies.
Madrigals sing at Open House in costume.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Ngoc Chau, President of the Rainbow Club, presides at the Equity Conference on Nov. 9. Here Sue Ellan Wall,
a member of the panel, is answering a question
Photo by Mark Janike
Lincoln's Coolest Selection of Music and Gifts
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' own' ac ors '' s ine'' in
By Val Tobler
Over 500 people sat in the audience enjoying this year's all school play, "Our Town." But perhaps those who enjoyed the play the most were the people on stage, backstage, and in the light booth.
"Our Town" was previously produced here in 1953, 1959, and 1969. Director Joe Kreizinger felt it still had much to offer this year's cast.
,
"I chose "Our Town" because I felt it would provide the kind of challenge this year's actors deserved," he said.
The cast and crew members of "Our Town" cited many benefits to being involved in the play. Sophomore Sarah Gilde's role as Emily Webb provided her with an introduction to the drama department.
"I thought it was fun meeting new people and I liked all of the people who were in the play," she said.
According to many cast members, the success of the play depended on the audience as well as on the cast and crews.
'The large turnout on both nights also helped motivate us, I believe," said Kreizinger. Junior Josh Davies, student director, agreed.
"The audience reaction and the audience's attention was the best part about it. The amount of response we got both nights was great," said Davies, cast as Joe (and Si) Crowell.
Davies added another reason for being involved in the play: "Getting to work with your friends after school. You could laugh and have a good time at rehearsal."
Paula Koplin, University of Nebraska-Lincoln student director, felt she· gained tremendously from working with the cast.
'They were really professional. I was impressed. 'I learned a lot of director-type things," she said, "and I enjoyed working with Mr. Kreizinger."
Senior Jim Bleed, lights crew chief, also enjoyed working with Kreizinger. He said one of the high points of the play was "getting to see a close-up view of Mr. Kreizinger's vocal cords."
There were many reasons for being involved in the all school play, but Gilde summed it up.
"It was a fun experience," she said.
Our Town\cast
Sarah Gilde
Vikram Jaswal
Meli~ Lewis
Joel
Kjerstin
Ali Johansen
Troy Bishop
Jenny Ulrich
Sarah Gibson Dylan McCullough
Brent McKibbin
Mike Cox
Matt Dobbertien
Doug Tice
Lantz Koenig
Joshua Fritz
Pat Adams
GPA, honors should refl·ect difficult classes
1'he first grades of the year have been calculated. Are people receiving the grades they deserve? More importantly are the grades distributed fairly?
On top of the action
By Karen Nalezinek
LHS is full of people of all types with different intellectual levels. However, we all share the idea of a grade point average (GP A).
Whether a high GP A is important depends on the individual.
College acceptance is based on several things, one being GP A. This is what some people base their choice of classes on. They figure by taking easier classes, they have a better chance of getting a high GP A.
As a result, some of the people in the top 15 percent of the class are at that level because they
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took the easier classes. It leaves us to wonder if the people in the lower level classes are at that level because they want all A's or if that is where they belong.
Is this fair to the people in the honors, advanced and differentiated classes? Is it fair to those students who tried the harder classes to challenge themselves and took the chance of getting a lower grade in the more difficult class.
Who will benefit more in the long run? I believe the people who did take the harder classes will have an easier time adjusting to college and will be more knowledgeable in their studies.
In learning harder material they will be further ahead in their classes. By writing essays and research papers they will be more prepared when asked to do. this by their college professors
So the question arises, should there be a waited grading scale for the honor classes?
With a weighted grading scale, those students who have taken the harder classes would be graded equally for their efforts. It also might make the chance of being in the top 15 percent
The annual Great American Smokeout was on Thursday. The Smokeout's goal is to get people nation-wide to quit smoking for just 24 hours; with the hope that they will quit forever.
Lincoln high initiated many activities to increase student awareness of the dangers of smoking. The LHS Staff was very supportive of the Smokeout.
The first Surgeon General's report on Smoking and Health was published in 1970, this spread the alarm around the United States people realized that smoking is indeed hazardous to their health. In 1974, residents of Minnesota were encouraged to give up cigarettes for a day, they called it "DDay" fo~ Don't Smoke. The idea spread quickly; in 1976,jthe first Great American Smokeout was observed nation wide.
According to Dick Patterson, counselor, actor Ed Asner was the frrst national chairman of the Smokeout; he quit on the third Thursday in No-
vember, 1976, andhasn'tlitup since. The American Cancer Society sponsors the campaign every year.
Patterson who was the LHS coordinator of the ''Hands always go up. a very personal issue,'' ·said Patterson. It's
1989 Smokeout, organized many events to help • the staff and students become aware of the dangers involved with smoking. There were mini assemblies in room 302 throughout the day. There was a different speaker from the American Cancer Society each period, and a video called 'The Feminine Mistake" which talked about the health problems that stem from tobacco use. Each assembly also had a group discussion about smokers; Patterson asked the students to raise their hands if they knew anyone who died because of smoking.
"Hands always go up. It's a very personal issue," said Patterson.
He said the purpose of the day was to get people all across the Nation to leave tobacco alone in • hopes that they won't ever start again.
"Its all based on awareness," he said.
The teachers were very supportive of the idea. Marilyn Greve, SSEC teacher, pointed out that the Smokeout forces people to think about the dangers of smoking
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" I think it (The Smokeout) can act as a real incentive; any way you can encourage people to at least attempt to quit is a good thing," Greve said.
Ross Tegeler, social studies teacher, agreed. "It creates an environment where more people will at least consider it (quitting)," he said. The slogan for this year's Smokeout was "leave the Pack behind."
All photosby Val Tobler
Emily (Sarah Gilde) loo/rs old her window on a moonlit night.
Professor Wilkird (Miu Cox) gives a speech about Grovers Corners.
Three Grovers Corners women (Kristi Fikirski, Sarah Gibson, and Melissa Lewis) stop to chat at the gate on their way home from chbir practice.
By Yolanda Fewtails
Students who don't know the Carpenters are missing out on some really interesting guys. Jay, Clay, and Jud are juniors this year and the only triplets here at LHS.
"Being a triplet is a lot of fun because we help each other with homework, and we're never bored because there's always something to do," said Clay.
"Sometimes when I'm doing my homework and I'm singing acertain song, and all of a sudden I hear Clay or Jay singing the same song, it's weird," said Jud.
Competition for grades among them is one of the many high aspects of being a triplet.
"Generally triplets are known Cofight, but usually it's Clay and Jay that wrestle around and it's always in my room," said Jud.
Distinguishn1g between them is very difficult
Spring ,i;essionin February
stu ents c oser toget
By Danica O'Connell
Recently, many students, clubs, and staff, have helped to raise $300 for the relief effort in South Carolina and California. The money was divided between Hurricane Hugo and the San Francisco earthquake. The money will be used for cleanup, temporary housing for the homeless, and eventually re-building.
Without the creative idea of one person, none of this would have happened. Jennifer Brenneise, a senior, challenged all of the other classes to raise money.
"If people would start thinking about things outside their own lives, they could make a difference, everything helps in one way or another," she said.
Bob Davis, P.E. teacher, traveled back to Santa Cruz, after the 'big shake" occurred. He taught in a high school in San Jose for 10 years and always was a little uneasy about living on the fault line, he said.
'The physical evidence was not very visually
er
evident, asmostofthemajordamageis within the structures. The human side of the disaster was much more evident," he said. " A good friend from San Jose said it best:
"The neighborhood was all outside supporting each other, that's the way it was all over the Bay Area. Too bad it takes a disaster for people to help each other out."
All the people he has kept in touch with since the earthquake have been surprised at the students at Lincoln High.
"All the people I have been communicating with since the big shake' have been absolutely stunned that a city high school, out in the middle of the Great Plains, would be concerned enough to raise money for relief," said Davis. " I just smile and try to explain that Lincoln High is a special place."
"We really are linked, not only to each other in our school, but also to all others," Davis said.
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which gives the triplets the advantage of playing tricks on people, which confuses them.
Switching classes injunior high was one of the silly antics played by the triplets.
"Now in high school we haven't played any tricks on people yet," said Jay.
People say triplets have some mysterious power that lets them know when another triplet is in trouble or maybe extremely happy. The Carpenters have had such experiences.
"Sometimes when I'm doing my homework and I'm singing a certain song, and all of a sudden I hear Clay or Jay singing the same song, it's weird," said Jud.
The triplets do many things together but their hobbies vary from basketball to golf to girls or to just hanging out with the guys.
Music also varies with the Carpenter triplets. Jay likes listening to The Who and reggae music, Clay likes to listen to Rob Base and Tone Loe, and Jud likes anything on radio station 92.9. Future plans for the three consist of college in Boulder, Colorado for Jud and Clay and college on the East Coast for Jay.
odel teaches 'real thing'
By Mikahla Beutler
Although it is not the real thing, The fall session Nebraska Model United Nations (NMUN) is real enough to make an impression on the LHS stu-. dents who attended.
NMUN i~ a basic simmulation of the real United Nations and is open to any high school or college student. It is made up of two separate groups known as the General Assembly (GA) and the Social and Economic Council (ECOSOC). They usually meet indepenidently of one another, but occasionally fmd cause to come together as a whole body LHS students proved to be a strong voice by taking five of the six awards given at the end of the conference. In GA, scnio,r Robert Anderson received the outstanding deMegate award while the superior delegate award was given to senior Dylan McCullough. In ECOSOC, senior Jeff McArthur stepped out with the outstanding Delegate award and senior Anne Crawford accepted the superior delegate award. Syria, represented by senior Jim Bleed, junior Clint Nelson, and junior Drew Davies, ,von the cutstanding dele_g:\tion for ECOSOC. Junior Josh Davies, senior Brent McKibbin, and McCullough, as delegate representing the Soviet Union, received the overall outstanding ctelegation award. Davies thought NMUN was a fun although he also proclaimed his disappointment that the club
pictures had been scheduled for that day. Bleed was so enthusiastic he even changed his ways for the special occasion.
"I even wore a nice shirt," he said.
NMUN is the kind of event that students need to become really involved with in order have a
"(At MUN) You learn something and have fun at the same time," Jeff McArthur said.
successful experience. It is meant to educate how international relations work, said senior Lantz Koenig.
"If you dive into it head first, with the right attitude, you will come out more knowledgeable then you went in," said Kqenig.
"If you get involved in it, its fun," McArthur said. He admitted that it would probably be rather boring if you did not get into it.
"You learn something and have fun at the same time," he said.
The conference was held on Oct. 20 and21 at the East Campus of the University of Nebraska. This made for an unusually busy college campus over the weekend.
Photo By Mark Janike
Jud, Jay and Clay - The Carpenter Posse - chill for a picture.
_overa • nee s cons1s enc
Who can forget that earth shattering World Series? Unfortunately this years series had to take a back seat to an earthquake that shooknot only California, but the hearts of the whole world. Just as game two was about to start, an earthquake that measured 6.9 on the Richter scale woke up a laid back California into hysteria and panic. Not the case at Candlestick
Behind Home Plate
-By Todd Sandberg
park though, the capacity crowd showed the nation how to react in a spur of the moment crisis. Calm and responsible fans left the stadium not knowing the terror that struck the bay. This year's fall classic will always be remembered, not for the great players, but for the people who gave a great performance off the field. Rescue workers, news casters, and volunteers showed what life is really about. Sports are for entertainment and enjoyment. When it comes right down to it, sports are meaningless compared to a human life.
The media handled the earthquake with grace, but I lost respect for the profession which I want to pursue when there was such a negative build up regarding the game like the one Nov. 4 when Nebraska played Colorado. A game like this should be treasured and respected. The Denver media during the week of the Colorado game was atrocious. They acted about as mature as a junior high paper under the situation. Degrading the state of Nebraska was low and uncalled-for. You could tell that
Woody Paige, columnist for the Denver Post, wasn't used to being a part of a top notch program like Nebraska's. Anybody needing tc use those standards shouldn't be writing for a ma JOT paper.
Now, Nebraska fans were not totally innocent. They were writing letters not only commenting on the media, but criticizing Nebraska for not being able to win the big game. I have just one thing to say to those "so called fans." You're dam lucky to be part of such tradition. How many people· can say that their team won the most games of any college team in the decade of the eighties? Just be proud that you saw the Huskers on national television, and they were part of such a fine football game. All you fans that can't appreciate Husker football, why don't you move down to Manhattan. Kansas? I'm sure the hapless Wildcats could use some faithful followers.
Once again media showed irresponsibility in their coverage of college athletics. Local media covers Nebraska football as much as all sports combined. Football may be the pride and joy of this state, but athletes who participate in other sports would like that in the spotlight coverage. Take into consider the women's volleyball team. Ranked in the top ,10 nationally, you'd have to tum quite a few pages and look hard to see a little brief on the team. It's easier to find a huge article on punt coverage than the volleyball team beating number one Hawaii. I think the paper should get it's priorities straight for a change. Why should it take a natural disaster for the media to respond in such a dignified way? What a high price to pay for such good work.
By Christie Pitts
The Lincoln High boys' gymnastics placed second to defending state champs Lincoln East at the state high school boy's gymnastics championship Nov. 3.
The boys team was lead by senior Burkett Powell, who placed third in the all round competition.
Coach Mark Shearer said his team did a good job at the state meet.
consis-
tent on both days but had a better performance on the second of the state meet.
Powell, who has been a member of the gymnastics team since his freshman year, felt good about his performance at the state meet.
The last three years he has suffered injuries or just wasn't hitting his routine. Powell, who placed third in the all-round also placed in all six events: fourth on floor exercise, vault and pommel horse; and second in high bar, rings, and parallel bars. Sophomore Aaron Cotter fmished sixth in the all-round and placed in four events. Other members of the boys team are: Brian Geer, Dong Nguyen, Joel Kunkel, Darin Taylor, Kent Burkland, and Hugh Lau. The girls team missed qualifying at the district meet, but did send two girls to the state meet. Senior Carrie Moore and junior Rebecca Heinke quailfied for all the events. Moore made finals in vault and uneven bars and Heinke on floor exercise. Heinke placed fifth on floor execise, after having to do her routine twice, because her music paused for a moment.
l snow co
rea
Girls' Basketball
The girls' basketball teams are young but are predicted to strongly progress over the season, according to varsity coach Bill Myers.
"We have five returning letterwomen, with only two seniors. It will take a lot of hard work to gel because the younger girls aren't used to the varsity level," said Myers.
The returning letterwomen are senior Christie Pitts, juniors Shannon Barrat, Kerstin Deppe, Julie Gilde, and sophomore Robyn Weisbrook.
The varsity team has two freshman on the team this year, One being Tanya Pitts of Goodrich Junior .High, and Amy Loth of Irving Jr.High.
The varsity and reserve teams are made up of 22 girls. Some will play on both teams. This years sophomore team consists of 13 girls.
"I feel the team will be stronger at the end of the
Boys' Basketball
Coach Aldie Johnson feels very optimistic about this up coming boys basketball seaason. -
The boys basketball team, who finished 7-14 last year, returns seven letter wUUlers, including three returning starters: seniors Mike Gaither, Jim Gibson and Shawn Smith.
Senior Joel Nelson said that the team has a chance to be good this season, if the team works hard and not as inidivduals.
Senior Mike Gaither said if they played together as a team andeachindivdual plays his role, the team should be very successful this season.
The boys' basketball team members are, seniors Jon McClung, Shawn Smith, Sky Schroeder, Jim Gibson, Mike Gesch, Kenny Love, Eric Lee, Antwan Wilson, Nelson.and Gaither, and juniors Derek Behne, Philip Gerlach, and Cedric Brown.
First game Dec. 1 at Columbus
Swimming
The swimming and diving team is off to a good start said coach Dick Conradt. With a total of 20 boys and 35 girls out for swimming and three girls <!Ildfour boys out for diving, it looks like a healthy team.
Conradt, who has many winning tips for his team, is stressing attendance and concentration and focus during practice. Attendance hasn't been a major problem with 80% of the team coming to practice, but he would like to see at least 90% there every day.
Last year, the starting blocks and diving boards were removed because the pool was declared too shallow. The swimmers are doing with out the blocks, but the divers are forced to practice at Southeast Southeast and Northeast have been gracious enough to effort the use of their pools for LHS's home meets. The divers also have a talented coach, Reynaldo Castro, who is a two time Olympian.
Even with all of these "set backs", the '89-'90 season looks good for the Links. The season opens Nov. 30 when the Links take on Millard South at Southeast.
Wrestling
This year's wrestling team, coached by Thomas Christie, looks to improve from where they finished off last season, said senior Jason Koelzer. Returning someone in all 13 weight divisions, the team will be lead by defending state champion, senior Ben Murphy. "We're not over confident but if everybody reaches their potential we could be real good." said Murphy, wrestling at 130 lbs. "We have a real good shot at it (state) if every-one works for the same goal," said Koelzer.
Sophomore Aaron Coller shows his flexibility on the rings.
Assistant coach Regis llunphrey leads the cross counJryteam in itsftnal practice before becoming state champions. In the pack are senior Troy Bishop;juniors Chris Swanson, Curt lloliday, and Rod Beery; seniors T J. l lubbard and Joel Johnson.
Junior Nathan Bench throws to senior Andrew Fuller in the new Lincoln lligh intramural sport "Ultimate Frisbee
Senior Chad Francisco demonstrates his back-hand.
Senior Todd Taylor (44r), plays defense on a Linc oln East wide re c eiver at this year's homcomimg game in which the Links won 14 10.
Sophomore Joel Kunk,e/ performs the floor excercise at the State Gymnastics meet.
ance
By Vikram Jaswal
Students at Lincoln High will no longer receive detentions for truancies, according to Vice-principal Barry Stark.
The three-month-old policy of assigning detentions was ended on Dec. 4, because students were truant regardless of detentions as a consequence, he said.
Bill Zuspan, social studies teacher, said over 350 detentions had been assigned since the beginning of the year, often to the same people.
"It was not an effective deterrent," Stark said. Stark said the attendance task force, made up of teachers and himself, had decided the most effective consequence would be the zero teachers are required to give for the day of the truancy. Individual teachers may still assign and supervise their own detentions under the new policy, he said.
Ross Tegeler, social studies department chairperson, said he would not advocate individual detentions because it would have a tendency to be inequitable. For instance, one teacher could require a detention for the first truancy, while another may not require detentions for any
no
number of truancies.
"We need to have a Lincoln High attendance policy," he said. "Not a social studies department. policy or a first floor policy."
Tegeler said he supp,orted the office-administered detentions, howe:ver, because it was a consequence shoVNingthat the first truancy would be punished. As iit is now, itis not until the fourth truancy when visible consequences are • given.
These consequences may include a transfer or drop from the class, modification in schedule, alternative education, attendance contract, or any other consequence deemed workable.
Harvey Stoner, math ·department chairperson, and Judy Strand, English chairperson, agreed with Tegeler that there needed to be a consequence before the fourth truancy. Stoner said he could not see how detentions would be successful with people who are constantly truant.
"If you can't encourage a student to get to class, how do you expect to g:et them to come in after schoel?" Stoner asked.
Sue Johnson, foreig:n language teacher and
• er inc u
former detention supervisor, said detentions were needed. Johnson said although detentions did not stop "habitual skippers," they did help to discourage "occasional skippers."
"I think detention is effective with certain students as an intervening step [before the fourth truancy]/' she said.
Johnson said the Lincoln High detention system lacked an important incentive for students to come to detention. In the past, a truant student received a grade of zero for the day, was assigned to detention, and if he or she did not attend, another detention was added. The incentive Johnson proposes would be a system in which students could earn partial credit if they served detention and completed the missed work.
Johnson said she had suggested this to the administration and was aware of some faculty members who were starting to implement it on their own.
Stoner said his ideal policy would be to allow each teacher to make his or her own attendance standards.
'There would be as many policies as there are teachers, but they would all boil down to the same thing," he said. The common philosophy would be that students who attend school would get credit and graduate, while those who do not would no~ he said.
Strand said she would leave attendance up to the ii1di,.,idual student. She said mandatory educatior. ends at 16, and after that, students should have the opportunity to leave school, if they wish.
But, she added, the high schools should be opened up so older students, who had dropped out previously, could come back and finish their education. She said these older students might help to encourage others, who would otherwise drop, to stay in schools.
"Perhaps non-attenders would learn from older students," she said.
Sam Nelson, principal, said he was receptive to any ideas on the attendance policy.
"I continue to look for innovative policies," he said.
' ' snow, ecre
no_ ' ' aces secon
By Mandi Cohen
The Lincoln High School One Act play, "Silent Snow, Secret Snow," placed rurmer-up in the State competition on Dec. 8. The competition was held at Grand Island Northwest High School, said John Heineman director and speecl1 coach.
At the State competition LHS competed against Ralston, South Sioux City, and Scottsbluff. Ralston placed first.
"We have been doing the One Act for the past four out of five years and have gone to State each year. We've received very positive reviews every year," said John Heinerr1an, ,the director.
Junior Josh Davies played Paul Hasleman, the lead role, and received the Outstanding Male Performer award.
"I had no idea I was nominated. It was a complete shock," said Davies.
Senior Dylan McCullough was also nominated for Outstanding Male Performer and junior
Kristi Pilarski was nominated for Outstanding Female Performer. McCullough played Pauls' father and Pilarski played Pauls' mother.
LHS won districts in Papilion on Nov. 30. They competed against Papilion, Southeast, Northeast and East.
Although the play was written in the 1960's about mental illness, specifically schizophrenia, more contemporary themes also surface.
"{The play] ties well into cocaine. The snow seduced Paul Hasleman into his own world, " said Davies. "At tl1eend he is completely closed off from the real world into his own 'snow' world," said Davies.
"Silent Snow, Secret Snow" was performed for the pu!Jlic on Dec. 5 at LHS. The play was performed for LHS students at an optional third period assembly on Dec. 13.
"Silent Snow, Secret Snow" was written by Conrad Aiken.
doctor
By Dylan McCullough
Wait, is all we can do right now," said Principal Sanford Nelson in response to the major renovations regarding Lincoln High School and the Public Schools Administration Building (PSAB).
In order to solve the overcrowding problems and shortage of facilities Lincoln High School will receive the PSAB Building. PSAB will relocate to the old State Farm Insurance building at 59th and "O" St.this March leaving the old PSAB building to LHS. The transition is not as easy as one may think though, the biggest problem concerning Nelson, at the moment, is the wait.
"We just have to wait for the Board of Education to give us the go and hopefully we will get the approval by next March," Nelson said.
When PSAB moves out, the first step is the removal of asbestos, a recently found cancer causing material, from the building and that can take a few months, Nelson said. Then the PSAB building can undergo a major interior facelift, so the building can be prepared for a learning environment; classrooms, etc.
Lincoln High plans to insert the Science and Home Economics portions into the PSAB building mainly because the labs, for both sections, are
structurally inadequate. Also, for renovation purposes, it is practically impossible to redo the Home Ee. and Science while school is going on.
This way LHS can still hold classes and renovate PSAB at the same time. The move of Home Ee. and Science will also create larger facilities for the other areas of LHS, a needed advance, according to Nelson
One of the biggest problems facing LHS and the three other Lincoln schools; East, Northeast and Southeast is the appropriation of funding. Each school has significant facility problems ranging from inadequate media centers to physical education areas to cafeterias to parking. There issevenmilliondollars available and there is Ilt!ed for approximately 21 million (LHS, alo!1e, needs 5.2 million).
The overcrowding problem is another important one. It is estimated that by the year 2000, the Lincoln public schools will be at least 2,000 over capacity. These problems need to be acted upon soon, according to Nelson.
"Our whole situation, the school's and the district's, is pending before the Board of Education, with the deciding factors being time, amount of work to be done and the availability of funds. All we can do is wait," Nelson said.
Toy Drive is a new tradition
Babes in Toyland was the theme of the first annual toy drive sponsored by Student Council and Ventures In Partnership Company, Squ¥e D. The drive was held at Lincoln High and Square Dfrom Nov. 28 through Dec. 15, according to Student Council member, Joel Nelson.
The toys collected were taken to the Malone Center on Dec. 15 by Student Council members.
Channel 10-11 will be at Malone to cover the unloading of toys.
"Hopefully, channel 10-11 will do a feature story on the project," said Nelson.
The toys will be distributed at the Malone
Center on Dec. 22 to needy children. Council member, Matt Streckfusswill be dressed up like Santa Claus and will give out the toys to the children. Pictures will also be taken of the kids receiving the toys.
Nearly 90% of the toys donated by Square D were new, said Shawna Maybee, sophomore Student Council member. According to Maybee, .the Canned Food Drive didn't do as well as the Toy Drive. She hopes next year will bring an even better turnout.
"The Drive had a good enough turnout to make it a tradition," said Nelson.
Photo by Troy Bishop
"Silent Snow" watches Paul(Davies) as the
(Stoakes) tries to determine Paul's problem. •
Residents at 16th and Euclid deck out their houses for the hoidays.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Long ago, perhaps earlier than many high school students might remember--Christmas was allowed in school.
Yes, there were Christmas programs and students could participate in teacher instigated conversations concerning the birth of Jesus Christ. 1ben it was realized that not all studentswere Christian. Not all families celebrated Christmas.. And thus the tradition of Christmas in the public schools was somewhat abandoned.
Christmas is not much of a religious holiday any more. What was once the season of "good tidings and joy" is now the "gimme, gimme, gimme" season. Many children concoct long lists of expensive toys and games that they expect to receive Christmas morning--rather than focusing on the spiritual aspect of the holiday.
In most families, Christmas is an institution, an excuse to get presents, a reason to gather with seldom seen relatives and often a time to get incredibly stressed out/depressed.
Christmas is generic. Now, in public schools, the once titled "Christmasvacation"is referred to as "WinterBreak." Children are not allowed to sing anything that even vaguely hints at Christianity, art projects are mild exercises in red and green and "Happy Holidays" is the encouraged gr~t• 1ng.
America is supposedly a gargantuan melting pot. That's
obvious. Rather than being able to recognize indivitdual religions, many Americans have formulated one vacuous attitude--if anything is slightly different than what lthey believe in, then it's bad.
Amendscould be made. We have only begun to recognize members of other nationalities,but what of different religions? People should be able to share their beliefs without being condemned (as long as they are not trying to wush their morals and ideals down the throats of others).
So imaginea Decemberin the future children in a pmblic elementary school are encouraged to share their religi1ons, no studentwill be made to feel "singledout" if their religion differs from the others and limitationswill not be placed on what students can and cannot believe in. It could be beautiful.
Awareness should be major concern for all
Guest Editorial by Lateef Johnson
Murderous Cross-fire Breaks Out in the Streets of San Salvador. New Metaphetamine"Ice" Threatensto Hook the· · U.S. Mainland. U.S. I .andfillsReaching Capacity. Pesticide Ban Could Pose Hardships to Nebraska Farmers. School Board Resignation Leaves District Two Up for Grabs.
My name is Lateef Johnson and I'm a senior here at Lincoln High. For about the past year I have always looked forward to Tuesday afternoons.
"What for?
You see that is when I get my U.S. News and World Report.
"So?"
I guess I like to keep op on what's happening in the nation and the world.
"Like I said, what the heck for?!"
Well I just feel that we, as the nation's future leaders, should keep abreast of the issues and policies that are
"Ah, man, don't try to push all that junk on me. What do I care if there's some commie revolt in France or whatever? Who cares if there's a bunch of Mexicans killin each other in San Salador? What do I care if some chick left PSAB? (Where is PSAB anyways?!)I don't even know! How's this crap s'pose ta effect me?!"
Well, let me tell ya something friend, all of this crap is gonna effect you in a big way if you and the rest of your generation keep up this record of ignorance and apathy!!!!
O.k I'm sorry ! over-reacted there a little, but God, what's happening to us friends and neighbors? I've been going to this school for almost five semesters now, most of that time in classes with the "bestand the brightest"and I'm here to tell ya--- I'm not impressed. · "Oh God, there goes Lateef again, giving one of his high
Letter to the Editor:
• and mighty sermons."
11tat'sright, lam, and if you've got enough guts to say anythingabout it--- write a response to this Guest Editorial! But until then, why don't you sit down, grow up, and listen to what I have to say, you might discover something. Look, I'm not asking for our generation to absolve: the national debt, solve the Middle Eastern problems , or even give Dan Quayle something intelligent to say. I'm <Dnly asking one thing: WAKE-UP.
It's not a difficult process. Physically you do it every day, now let;s try politically. Political self-reali7,ationdoes not ask you to save the whales, disarm nuclear weapons,choose ·. Jesus, find homes for the homeless , nuke the homeless whales for Jesus, or even vote It very simply requests that you be aware of your political choices. I do not believe that you have to become politically active but you should be politically aware enough to know why or why not you choose to be active.
And I've also got a question for PSAB, the administration, the social studies department, or whoever it is that determines our curriculum:Why don't we examine the possibility of a required class that focuses on the education of various school, local, state, regional, national and international issues? If our generation becomes politically aware now, they might just carry those habits into adulthood. I • should think that as part of the "democratic"system, that it is the responsibilityof the United States school systems to· educate their children enough to make educated, responsible political decisions. Listen kiddies, my point is that wether the schools do it or we are left to do it ourselves, political awareness must be achieved. In the words of a multi-million dollar corporation: "JUST DO IT! !"
Students should make effort for peace
Editors: • "Punch 'em, kick 'em in the knees!" are just a few words that we hear during a fight in the halls. I don't understand why people would want to fight. Why would anyone want to hurt or damage a person's self esteem? We are supposed to get along and work for each other's well being! Well, we sure aren't doing a very good job. Just like some time ago, I saw two fights where the people were fighting about something that they could have sat down and talked about. Most fights are about friendships, boyfriends, etc. People now a days really disgust me. The way they are friends one day and the next day they are fighting. Why can't people be friends and get along? Sure, we have a Rainbow Club that helps us understand racism and discrimination, but what about a club that can go out and promote peace among people in high school? We only have so much time to spend together and make friends that hopefully will be lifelong. Why ruin that? School's a fun learning environment if you only give it a chance. I never liked school until I came to LHS and met unique and different people who really made it worthwhile. We can malce schQOl enjoyable
I was always told that "fighting never solved anything" by m) parents. And I have to agree with them- it doesn't. We ltave too many other things to start worrying about, like promoting world peace in countries that are declaring war on each other. Something happened that made me feel good; the tearing down of the Berlin wall. Now if a country can change its mind about something like that, then so can we. LHS can be a better place for future generations to look forward to ifwe can only stop and take a look at what we are doing to each other. I want everyone to get along or at least try to. Because if we can't do it then who can? So let's all try to make an effort, an honest effort. We all would appreciate it in the end. But you never know until you try. · · - Senior Gloria.Biatt
Correction·: The November 17th story, "National disasters bring students closer together," failed to credit the LHS peer helping group and student organizer Chris McGrane. The Advocate apologizes for thi:, error.
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Scholarships needed by tnany
By Mandi Cohen
With the increasing cost of post-secondary education many high school students depe11don scholarships funds for furthering their education, said college planning counselors.
A Scholarship is fmancial aid given to students for post-seconda.ry education. The two main kinds of scholarships are need based and merit based. Need based scholarships are money from the government to students with the potential to succeed but do not have the resources. Merit based scholarships are given out for different reasons, leadership, activities, scholastic, athletic with or without the need for fmancial help, said Sue Cain and Steve Vasa college planning counselors.
"Scholarships are given to reward students efforts in the past, and to continue them in the future," said Vasa.
Lincoln High has many ways available in helping students apply and receive scholarships. Each month the LHS counseletter is given to teachers and posted for viewing by students. This contains vital information about important dates and deadlines, scheduled appearances of college admissions and military service representatives and up to date list of scholarships to
apply for. The Money Book is a Lincoln Board of Education publication with basic information about sources and variety of student fmancial assistance programs for post-secondary education. Scholarships which are currently available to LHS students for application are posted outside the counseling center on the 'current scholarships' bulletin board and are repeated on the announcements. The materials to apply ':"ith are located in the counseling center room 204, said Cain and Vasa.
There are many scholarships fmd services that do nothing more than put your name in a book for an outrageous price, said Cain.
"We [the counseling center] can give you all the that information in ten minutes and it wont cost you a cent/' said Cain.
Meeting deadlines are the key to being eligible • and receiving scholarships, you won't even be considered if they are received late. Taking the initiative to collect information and being responsible enough to send it in on time tells something about your desire continue your education, said Cain.
'They are not going to walk up to you and dump a scholarship on your lap," said Cain.
Star-City Parade hits it big at LHS
By Yolanda Few Tails
Many people faced the harsh cruelities of Old Man Winter to attend this year's third annual Star City Parade.
The Star City Parade held many wonders for the viewers young and old. In attendance among 40,000 viewers there were many LHS students and staff.
This is one of Lincoln's most captivating sights because of all the work and many people that are involved to makethe parade happen. Many Lincoln High student groups aided in making the parade successful.
Drama teacher Joe Kreizinger was one of the many who judged the floats before the parade.
"I enjoyed tire different groups that were rep-
resented, and was very proud of our LHS students that participated," said Kreizinger.
The Pomalinks were also involved in the parade. Pomalink sponsor Jeri Weber said the girls try to do a fme job every year, no matter how cold it is.
'The girls did real well, and despite the cold the parade was a big hit," said Weber. Pomalink Shayne Bennett enjoyed the parade also.
"I felt exhilarated, and vibrant as I walked in the parade with the other members. The part I liked the most was seeing all the smiling faces," said Bennett MusicdirectorTerry Rush and the LHS band members were active in the parade also.
ingbooksto the kindergarten students of Elliott·.·
Peters911,Nathan Johnson. Thequesnons came 1Elem~tary School_ and sharing their personal from seven catergories. The catorgories were experiences; accordmg to Jane Schmutte. · ·•science, math, music religiongoogr· aphy fine ·ESL students of the Le1111ti11g Links warit to arts, and cuisine said•S. Jo~n. Barsto~ said promo~ thedevelopmentoflanguageskills. The the purpose of Quiz Bowl is to have fun. se students are:Trang Chau, Anh Nguyen, Tina Barstow said he liked the idea(Quiz Bowl) beP~lmer. Suz~ Sola, Hi~n Tran, Erick Va~ghan. - cause it recognized kids that ate rtot sports inMichael Atkm, Brad Bishop, Doyle Bnndley, clined. Michael Wilson.
II-American Crump cheers in Hawaii
· Senior Kathy Crump, will leave for Hawaii to "I had never heard of anyone being honored fo heer in the Eagle-Aloha bowl on Dec. 25. cheerleading,"saidCrump."l'mreallyexcitedt rumpwasnominated atasummercamp,puion go." Y the Na~onal Cheerleading Association in The trip will cost $1,400 which has beengive
By Dylan McCullough
In the United States, we are used to our freedoms; going where we want, printing what we • want, saying what we want and many more. Oppression has never been customary in America.
Our Constitution was developed so we know our rights and we can be "free." In communist nations, this is not true.
After World War II Ger111anywas divided into East and West Germany to break apart a world superpower. East Germany remained a communist state and West Ger111anydeveloped into a democratic state. Between 1949 and 1961 over two and a half million people escaped to the more attractive West, in response to the rapid population depletion of their country, East Germany built the Berlin Wall. The "Wall", which split Berlin in two, cut off all movement and communication between the East and West. The "Wall'' has been known throughout its existence as one of the most depressing and oppressing things in theworld.
In 1989, all thatchanged. Aftermanypolitical demonstrations, a flip-flopamongEastGe11nany officials, migrationto the West and pleas from the people, the "Wall"fell. Even though East Gennany remains a communiststate, the East
and West are once again able to communicate and travel, legally, among each other
Terry Hanshew, German teacher and German club sponsor was surprised to see how many Lincoln High students knew what was going on in East Germany.
"It's interesting to see all the interest in what's happening in East Germany, most students don't care about global events," Hanshew said.
Hanshew said that a whole 0 ~ n e w era of history is over. If \
Teen moms cope with high school
By Val Tobler
Edilor's note: We ran thefollowing story to show the experiencesof two girls who are dealing wilh pregnancy in high scltool, and how the Parenling Class has assisted these girls and many others like them in attending school. We have omitted the nmnesfor privacy ,-,asons.
Imagineliving in a foreign country, going to high school and trying to learn the language, then returning home each night to an apart111entyou share with your 14 month old son. A fellow Lincoln High student goes through this experience every day.
She got pregnant in her home country. She says her boyfriend "ignored her when he found out. Her mother tried to convince her to have an abortion, but she refused. · She and her mother moved to a new country and her baby was born there.
'The day when I felt the contractions people said about me, •She's very stupid.' But I needed to have my baby and I didn't care if they said things," she said.
She stayed in that country for six months, and then came to the United States with her son. Her mother had already left, and they no longer maintam contact.
· My mom hated me every day," she said.
An uncle in the States had promised to help her, but when she reached the States, he called her names and decided not to help her after all. She says she wants to be independent, though, and she wouldn't rather have help from her uncle.
"I go to a school that's different to me, and if my baby's sick I stay at home with him and take care of him," she said. "I'm very busy." A babysitter watches her son while she goes to school, and she says she is supported by welfare.
'They said, 'You're young, you can go to school' so I don't have to work. I get welfare and medical [help]."
Thisstudentsays adjustingto life in the United statesis muchharderwith a baby to take c.areof.
As for the future, she has no vision for herself. Now I have ~y baby,I worryaboutmy baby I don't wmt,raboutmy future, I worryaboutmy baby's future. If I can, I will help him with everything."
When another student got pregnantshe was afraid to tell her parents. At ftrSt, she said, she was going to have an abortion, but she changed her mind.
'1 just felt it was time for me to take responsibility," she said. "I love the father of this baby, and I love this baby."
She says that being pregnant makes her feel different from her classmates.
"You don't feel like one of them anymore. I have a lot more responsibility. I'm not the only one, though." She hasn't had many disturbing experiences at school, but she says she feels for some of the other pregnant students.
"Some of the stuff written on the bathroom walls is upsetting. Many people just don't understand how it is," she said.
This student offers this advice for other students who are pregnant:
"Let your parents know. My family's been great They've been a big support."
She plans to finish out her senior year, then go on to Southeast Community College.
"I want to do the best that I can for my baby. I want to be the ideal parent in every way," she said. "I know it's going to be a rough road for me, to do it."
220 No. 66th Lincoln, NE 68505
PH: (402) 464-8101
Quan1i1y Discounls at
East and West Germany re-unify to form one country, Hanshew questions America's alliance with NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) because without West Germany, NATO is inconceivable.
"It's.a surprising thing, what is going on in East Ger111any,no one could forecast this rapid change. East Germany was the one place where communism worked best, un- --.. til a few weeks ago. With the,.. ,,.-..., changes in the Soviet Union, '; East Ger-
many and most recently Czechoslovokia, communism, as a whole maybe in trouble," Hanshew said.
Students also have many things to say on the changes.
Ilka .Lohmeyer, an exchange student from West Germany, said that she has read many West German newspapers and those papers center on what has happened but not the effect on West Germany.
'The change will be gradual in my mind, I will see more and more every day. Now my East German relatives will be able to come to 6 €.'f~ West Ge1111any,that's nice," Lohmeyer said. ·
, 91 Senior Brent Mckibbin says that the 11jP changes show that the Eastern Bloc is ready for a change and these recent events strengthen the possibility of Ge1111anunification and global unity.
'These changes are nice but what is going on can create new probleins for both East And West Ger111any,"junior Duane Harriot said. ·Th~ -changes, if not seen recently, will effect East and West Ger1nany, Lincoln, NE, and the world as days go by and ideas change.
PEER HElP~N
If life has.got you down, and your smile is upside down. Then drop a note in the Peer Helping box outside the Counselors Office. No matter wh_at the problem, we'll try to help you turn your frown upside down.
I FEATURES • I
By Tina Koeppe
There once was a boy who roamed across America. He didn't krww why he roamed, hejust did it. So when people asked him, "boy, why do yO/,lroam?" he wol(ld reply, "I don't really know." It wasn't the most interesting reply, but he didn't care because the chances of them meeting again were quite slim.for you see, he roamed.
--KevinMcGrathLater in life, when !'adults" gather and carry on conversatiollS-'-the topic of the past will undoubtedly come up. More than likely, a good percentage of these former children will lament about the things they should have done in high school-bemoaning the fact that they were not involved in anything, or didn't get good enough grades.
Senior KevinMcGrath will have no lament. He
has thrown himself into a furious whir of activities, and as a result is (not surprisingly) exceedingly busy. He said that the conceptof always having something interesting to do appeals to him.
"I'm always afraid that I'm going to miss out on something," he said, laughing.
McGrath said that music is the most important activity to him right now.
"Last year I didn't even know that I could sing, andnow I'm a madrigal andin concert choir," he said.
McGrath likes to display his dramatic talents. · He is a member of Peer Helping Drama and was
ADVOCATE
involved in this year's <Dne Act play, "Silent Snow, Secret Snow."
"I really enjoy acting, bc:eingon stage is a very pow~ful feeling," he saidl.
Gymnastics were sometluing that McGrath said he had always wanted to tcy, but kept putting off. Finally, this year he bec31l'Ilea member of the LHS gymnastics team.
"Each year that I was in school I said that I was going to try gymnastics finally I realized that pretty soon I was going to 1beeighty years old and still procrastinating," he s:aid.
Many students would collapse beneath the · weight such involvement, but according to McGrath he is handling s:tress reasonably well. He says he often writes to relieve himself of • aggression.
"Sometimes I'll write something while I'm depressed or angry, and !then be able to forget about it Later, I'll read what I've written and glad that I put my thoughts down on paper rather than do something destructive. Writing is a very cleansing, very relieving 1tastc," McGrath said.
He keeps worn noteboollcs full of poetry, songs and short stories.
"Fantasy transforms itself. If you write your feelings down, they have to move on," he said.
McGrath is still undecided about his future. He said psychology is a subject that interests him and would probably make m sensible career, (he confesses to a strong in1terest in what makes
mnes Internationa an
By Jennifer Brenneise
A benefit concert on Dec. 8 provided exposme for both Amnesty International and local bands, according to Jeanne McShane, president of LHS Amnesty International Club.
During Human Rights Week (Dec. 3-10), Southeast and Lincoln High Amnesty International Clubs put on a show to benefit Amnesty. The show featured five local bands: Ulterior Motives, Bohemian Underground; Aesh Petal, Top Roxie and Uldrich Scream.
Southeast student Wendy Pearlman is the coordinator of Lincoln Group 173 the community chapter of Amnesty. Pearlman was instrumental in putting the benefit show together.
'The show has gone pretty well, no definite problems," said Pearlman. "A lotofbands broke up, so we got discouraged when we were setting the show up, but I am happy with the tum out" Amnesty had an information booth during the show, complete with petitions to sign, pamphlets to read and t-shirts to buy. Arlie Prokop, member of Lincoln Group 173, she sat at the table while people were listening to the mus1c and between bands.
"The tum out is wonderful far beyond expected," said Prokop during the show.
The bands played the benefit for different reasons but, all helped to benefit to Amnesty International
Shamus Adams, LHS senior, is the lead guitar player for Aesh Petal.
"We needed a gig really bad. I didn't know about Amnesty, they did a good job and expressed their point. It was a lot of fun," said Adams.
LHS
obju:ts.
people the way they are). Sometimes the allure of other occupations atlracts him.
"I've thought about going into agriculture, tractors and cows have a certain appeal to me.
Sometimes I like to go to the library and just wallow in the literanire on fain, life," he said.
He added that he wasn't sme ifhe could hold down a "desk" job andwould prefer a career that would allow him to move around, and perhaps lift large
concert
Prokop
"We felt that students at LHS would really be interested in working for human rights issues," said Jeanne McShane, Amnesty lnternationa~ President.
otherwise have no voice," said Prokop.
Amnesty has special permission to work on the problem of how refugees in the United States are treated, explained McShane. Refugees coming from Eastern Europe usually have no problems coming to the United States, but if refugees are from Central and South America are generally treated badly, said McShane.
Refugees come to the United States and don't know the language or the political system, she said. They are not told of American freedoms and are scared their lives will be in danger if they talk out against the government. If refugees can't commW1icate at their hearings they will be sent back to their homeland, said McShane.
McShane said she and '89 graduate Jane McManus started Amnesty International at Lin- coin High last year.
"We felt that students at LHS would really be interested in working for human rights issues," said McShane.
The LHS Club is currently involved in many different projects, such as writing letters to dictators to free political prisoners as well as sending a newsletter out to inform people about Amnesty, said McShane.
Jan Harp, LHS sophomore, thinks Amnesty should be a greater concern of LHS students. ·
"I think Amnesty is good, but I think their work should be more open. I think it should be expressed to more people so they are aware," said Harp.
The concert helped to benefit both local bands and Amnesty International. Lincoln High has exposed their Amnesty Club through a publically attended concert.and their upcoming newsletter.
Kevin McGrath lo1111ges.aroundwith a /wavy metal companion. Kevin is often seen conversingwith inanimate
UlteriorMotives opened the Amnesty International show on Dec. 8.
Photo by Dan Koperski
Photo by Tina Koeppe
Wrestlers work their way to the top
By Karen Nalezinek
The wrestlers were off to a slow start, but beating Southeast was a big boost in keeping the city·title, said senior Jason Koelzer.
"I think we got a litttle high on ourselves at the beginning of the year, but after being beaten by Grand Island we kind of came down," said Koelzer.
LHS wrestlers had two state champions(Jereme Montgomery, 1989 graduate, and senior Ben Murphy) last year and took fifth in state as a team, according to Murphy.
"I feel we have a lot of work to do before the
end of the season. But the way we work, we will be where we want to be before the season ends," Murphy said. It's a long season and we want to peak at the right time. There's not much left to be said, now it's time to act and see how far we can go, said Murphy. Our wrestling team is known as "the team to beat", said junior Russ Spadt Spatdt said, "Statistics don't mean anything, it's the end results that matter."
Li s recognized for All-State All-City, Academic All-State
By Christie Pitts
Many fall athletes hav,e been recognized by the Lincoln Journal Star pollls of All-City, All-State, and, Academic All-State teams for their performanaewithin their sport oir their perfuLmancein the classroom.
Senior Angie Hudsoin, who was on the third place stat&girls cross coiuntry teant, said it was an honor to be selected to tine All-City ,u1d Academic Teams because she worlked hard to get on both of the teams.
"I think the Academic teams mean the most to me, because it's not eas:y to keep up your grades when you're involved im athletics,'.' said Hudson. "Its also was great to see: everyone on those teams who keep up both."
The All-City/All-Stat1eteams are picked by the Sports writers on the J«>urnal-Starstaff and the Academic All-State teams are also picked by the staff but the athletes must be in the top ten percent of their class and have am average of3.6 or better, said Journal-Star sports: writer, Ryly Jane Hambleton.
"I get together with the five football coaches every year, and they r.'.)n1inatewho they think should be on the All-city and All-State teams, "said Hambleton.
Senior Terry Berks said it was a great honor and feeling to be selected to All-City, Conference, and Honoraflle mention Class A football teams, because it was a goal for him at the beginning of the football season.
Senior TJ McDowell said it felt good to be honored for his hard work in football, but especially for his academics:.
~lany athletes felt that the teams were picked unfairly this year by the Lincoln papers.
Senior Jeff Lomax said that some of the writers for the Lincoln Journal-Star seem to believe that to be a good athlete one must attend Southeast.
"I really think that Ryly Jane Hambleton favors one team in the city. She would be a great writer for the Souttheast paper. Lincoln High has many more cl;ass athletes than the
Lincoln paper wishes to believe," said Lomax.
Hambleton said she tries very hard not to lean to one team in the city.
"I am always getting comments from people that my decisions are stupid, but I try to make my decisions fairly," said Hambleton.
Hudson felt that the teams were picked fairly, especiitlly for, the cross country, because they pick the top fmishers in the city at the State Meet
The Lincoln-Journal and Star All-City Teams include the following students: For Football: Shawn Smith, Sky Schroeder, Jim Gibson, Terry Berks, and Honorable mention Jeff Lomax and TJ McDowell. Cross Country: • Angy Tussing, Angie .Hudson, Amy Tussing, TJ Hubbard (Honorary captain}, Rod Berry, Kurt Holliday, and Chris Swanson. Gymnastics: Rebecca Heinke, Carrie Moore, Burkett Powell, and Aaron Cotter.
The All-State Football Team picks included: Senior Shawn Smith for Second team SuperState and Honorable mention for Class A. Terry Berks and Jim Gibson also were Honorable mention.
Coaches elect their players to All-Conference Teams. Shawn Smith, Jim Gibson and Terry Berks were selected to the Football team, while Connie Kubicek was selected to the Volleyball team.
The Journal-Star 1989 Fall Academic AllState, Football: Chad Lyons, TJ McDowell and Sky Schroeder. Volleyball: Shannon Barratt, Kathy Crump, Mikki Johnson, Lori Kruzich, Connie Kubicek, Angie Simpson and Trina Walker, and Honorable mention: Christie Pitts. Tennis: Zach Barber and Marc Sarata. Gymnastics: Jamie Miller andBurketf Powell. Cross Country: Troy Bishop, Julie Glide, Angie Hudson, Rachel Sandhorst, Amy Tussing, Angy Tussing, and Honorable mention: Rod Beery and Jason Glathar. Honorable mention for Golf; Alyssa Storey.
Photo by Jeff McArthu
LyMtte Baker is dribbling the ball for the number OM rated team, the Wizards, against Cathy Maestas and Traci Hallquist who were playing
on the number two rated team, the Dunkers.
Over 700 people attended Joynite on Thursday, day, he said. Ernst said, in the funrre, he would according to Randy Ernst, director of the event like to see all school eivents cancelled on the for the past three years. weekend of Joynite so eweryone could attend.
'1t was~ largest opening night since I started 'The truth is, it's hard tto find a weekend when · directing it," he said. 201 talented people aren"tin something else," he
The show featured 22 acts, ten of which were said selected by audition. Ernst said The other 12 Ernst said everyone helped to make Joyrjte a came from clubs and vocal music classes. Over 200 students were involved.
"I think the acts showed Lincoln High is filled with extJe.11elytalented people," he said.
Senior Cynnamon Jones agreed the perf01111ances were a success.
'1t was the best in my three years here at Lincoln High," Jones said.
The purposeof Joynite is to give Linco~ High studatts a place to display their talents, according to Ernst. The casual atmosphere of Joynite allows all students to become involved. regardlessof previous stage experience, he said. success.
Errist said the overall talent displayed at auditions for this year's sbow was better than any other Joynite audition he had been a part of. So manypeoplewhoauditionedtliisyearcouldhave been ln :irevious Joynites, he said. · Joynite was scheduled on Thursday and Saturday becauseof a home huke.tballgame on Fri-
r
•
en1ors
By Matt Streckfuss
'There are too many people to thank," Er,1St said A professional video~ was made of Thursday's performance, and will be available for purchase at a cost of $15.83. Purchasing fom1S are available in the office today.
· According to Ernst, a deal was made in which Lincoln High will receive about half of the profit aftez the first20 tapes are :sold. All proceeds from the will go toward scholarships at LHS, he said
"Maybeif things are good enough this year, (Joynite) can set up its own scholarship fund, where the pto<:eMswould go to students of the dramatic arts," he said.
Last year, Joynite donated $500 to the Dr •
Charles Jones scholarship fund, according to Ernst.
Twenty students graduated tnid-tet,11this year, about 40 percent less than in years past, according to Alice Kruse,registrar.
According to Kruse, the increase from 150 credits to 170 two years ago has caused the decrease in the number ,of studatts graduating tnid-tetn1.
"If a student takes six cnasses for six semesters they will get 180 credits, which leaves them only rocredits extra. So, if they slip up in three classes
According to Kruse, generally the students who graduate in five semesters do so because they have no more connection with the school and wish to get an jump on their future.
Nichole Brown, a five-semester graduate, planned on graduating mid-term before the school year began.
"My social life doesn't revolve around school," said Brown.
The studei,ts are still allowed to go to all school events including prom. Kruse also estimates that about seven students will participate at graduation at the end of the year.
''My social life doesn't revolve around school,"'said NicholeBrown. RasanaWorkman, another tnid-tet111graduate, plans on continuing her involvement with Lincoln High.
they will have to make iit up either in summer school, night classes, or taking some extra classes," said Kruse.
Most of the students can be put into two main groups: the five-semester students and the seven-semester students.
Students v9iced opinions on-camera
By Tina Koeppe -
Eight LHS students took part in the taping of a pilot for Nebraska Educational Television on Jan. 16.
Mike Fed!>k,Senior Producer of Learning Services Unit NETV, said that the possibility of developing a television program of interest to young people had been discussed and this, the pilot may be thebeginning of this'series. ·
He said that the project. tentatively titled ''l'akin g Part," became too large for NETV. Feduk said that members of the project went to New Yorlc and talked to several television networks. CBS finally agreed to underwrite the entire project.
The pilot will not appearon CBS but will be shown to other high school students and may eventually be aired on ETV or PBS.
''1'his will be available primarily in classrooms," he said "CBS will review this and make a decision as to whether they want to proceed with the series."
Feduk said that the purpose of the show would be to provide a different perspective on current affairs as an interesting addition to current programming.
Ross Tegeler, social studies depatblient head, said that he became involved because he was 011 the advisory comtnittee. He said he and other members decided to film here.
0As we talked. we decided Lincoln High would be a good location to do the pilot," said Tegeler.
Feduk said that it was because of Tegeler's involvement that LHS became part of L'ieproduction.
Tegeler.
'1'm going to participate in the ceremony at the end of the year," said Workman, "and I am going to prom."
The other 13 students are probably not going to stay actively involved in LHS, because they are seven-semester students who should have graduated last year ar1dmay have participated in ceremonies already, but for what ever reason didn't
Smdents •vatchedthe video and then discussed the issue during class, said Tegeler. He said the students with the strongest opinions y,e.·easked to appear on the pilot.
Tegeler said filming was set for Jan. 16, but because of various confllicts, r.tany of the students ·who had originally agreed to participate did not show up.
Semiors Ed Howard and Nguy Et were among the students who took part.
"Mr. Tegler ie excited," said Et, adding that the interviewer for the show would be Jim Bohannon, the host of "America in the Morning" and 'The Jim Bohannon Show," who sometimes substitutes:in for Larry King.
Et had some strong feelings 011 the dropout law.
"I think they should make some exceptions-how can somebody support a fatnily without a car?" she said in reaction to the videotape which presented the case of a West Virginianstudent who dropped out of high school to support his wife and child.
H,oward did not agree with the law.
" I think the entire principle is messed up," he said.
The students gathered in a classroom to watched an updated version of the first video tape, afterwards the students went up to the media center balcooy, where a television crew had set up lights and ,cameras.
For almost anhour, the students debated and commented on the • issue.
make it though summer school, or they are five-semester students who are simply ready to move on in their lives, according to Kruse. Val Tobler, a fifth-semester graduate, plans on taking a nanny job duringsecond semester.
"A lot of people were telling me it would be a big mistake because I would miss out on prom and grad»etir.n, all the fun. But that was never the fim part of school to me," said Tobler.
Money plays a large part in the decision for some students. Brown, WorkmanandTobler all indicated that getting money was very important. Graduating early will give thllllla chance to earn more.
"Next year rm going to college and I need to work to get money," said Brown. Tobler is taking her job especially to raise money for college. Workman is going to take a full time job in order to get money for college and to move out of her house.
According to Tegeler, the project began during frrst semester when Citizenship Issues classes watched a video tape about a new law which is currently in effect in West Virginia, stating that high school students who drop out are unable to get a driver's license until their 18th birthday.
Bohannon posed questions for the students. "I was pleased with the participation," he said afterwards, "different people had opinions and were expressing them."
Photo by All Johansen Senior Melissa Lewis sings "Solvejg'sLied"'by Edvard Grieg in front of an estimated Z50 people aJ the all-city solo nighi, heldJan.22atSoutheast. Sixvocalistsfr.omeachhighscliool performed a variety of art songs. Other LincolnH igh singers were: Angie Dobbertien, Melissa Landis, Andy Pappas, "Thereareother states looking at doing the same thing." said
The students ( all seniors) who ,vere involved in the pilot were: Et. Sarah Gibson, Howard, Lance Koenig, Tina Koeppe, Malachi Richter. Teri Sparling and Monty Stoalces. atthew Rotherham and Aubrie hburn. ·
Commentaryby Jeanne McShane
The United States has committed a gross crime against the citizens of the world. Our hypocritical actions are undeniable and indefensible. If any other nation had sought to act in the way we have, they would be severely punished by the restoftheworld. WhathastheUnitedstatesdonenow? Our president, Mr. Bush, in the name of democracy and the United States has lowered himself to the level of that raving lunatic, Mr. Ayatollah Khomenni of Iran.
By placing a price on Mr. Noriega's .head, we echoed Khomenni'sactions exactly. Do I need to remind Mr. Bush of the scandal that rocked the world when Khomenniplaced a price on Mr. Rushdie's head? The American people were
out raged that such a terroristic action could be taken by a national leader. How can any of us support Bush if he commits the same atrocities that he condemns?
Nicaragua should act as we did; send troops to washington D.C., because we supportthe Contras whoare endangering the lives of many Central American people. What do you have to say to that, Mr. BUSH?
This nation hasput up with too much hypocrisy from the White House. It is high time we elected a person with real, honest-to-God,integrity. Oo we, as a nation, truly want to be seen as malicious warlords? We can not claim to be peace-keepers when we consistently resort to violence to solve our international disputes.
Parking criticized
Dear Editors:
Lincoln High School, like most other schools, has its share of absurdities. After almost three years at Lincoln High, there is one aspect of this educational institution which strikes me as particularly absurd and ridiculous; the front parking lot.
The front parking lot was designated as the senior parking lot two years ago. Before and after the discriminative policy went into effect a parking problem was evident. Partially designed to reduce congestion in the front lot, the senior lot idea has failed as a · solution; everyday at least ten to twenty cars in excess of the lot's capacity are parked wherever they can find enough space. Thus, to discover, as a senior, four stalls reserved solely for ''visitor parking" dumbfounded me. I thought surely it was a joke. So did most of the senior class--the spots were filled every morning. Only when the administration began to tow these· "illegally" parked automobiles did students realii.e the sincerity of the parking administrators' threats.
Four stalls in an already desparately overcrowded parking lot. Besides on distinguished alumni days, when does Lincoln High ever have four visitors at the same time? One or two reserved stalls are understandable, any more than that is nothing but a waste of needed parking space. Parking administratorscould reserve space if more than two visitors are known to be coming to Lincoln High. How many visitors would dare venture into the precarious front lot anyhow?
Adding to the ridiculousness of the entire situation is the parking administrator's response to the problem. They seem more concerned about towing vehicles than about finding a solution to the parking problem. Their actions have paralleled the policy itself-inconsistentand ineffective. The criteria established two years ago for permit applicants have been completely disregarded (except for the senior requirement). The actual policy was only explicitly defined after the over-i.ealous parking administrators had towed several bewildered students' cars. Despite all the warnings and all the tows by the parking administrators, the front parking lot still suffers from overcrowding, and four stalls remain empty. Just one of the many absurdities at Lincoln High, I find it ironic distractions and ridiculousness such as this exist at perhaps one of the best high schools in the midwest. Maybe absux:ditieslike these are an integral part of the school; they prepare us as young adults for the absurditiesof life. Thanks, Lincoln High. fve enjoyed the laughs.
-senior Troy Bishop
Our heads are in the sand where racism is concerned
guest editorial by Robert Anderson
See no evil. Hear no evil. Speak no evil. Great solution. to the world's problems. When you stick your head in the sand, the problems will all go away. Wonderful. We11 just hide ourselves in a closet and believe the world is perfect.
Unfortunately, this is not the case in this world. We ···have problems and hiding away from them won't make them go away. Racism is one of these problems. If no one takes initiative to try to solve this problem, nothing will get done. The European-American Caucus of Rainbow Club is one organization that is trying its hand at solving this problem.
This school p1.desitself in its variety of culture grou s
IThe school bus. So many hyperactive bodies .vith new emotions being ·pumped through their veins all in one moving vehicle.
Take a demanding day in the life of a junior high school student flunk a major social studies test on the Civil War, have a long list of spelling words to practice for English, a boring short story about dogs to read, run half a mile in gym class, take a shower in an adolescent filled locker room, almost not fmd a pla.ceto sit in the cafeteria, get caught in the middle of a food fight, get yelled at for talking too much in math class (or not speaking up enough) and to top it off, ride home on the school bus.
Periwinkle by Tina Koeppe
and diversity. But is it as diverse as it seems? Does racism exist at Lincoln High?
I think so ·Doesanyone remember a series of incidents where a few Asian students were being harassed by relatively large groups of non-Asian students last year? One of my friends was traumatized by this incident, and another was so terrorized as to change schools. Is this racism? At Lincoln High?! Never!
I have many friends from many different cultures and· races. But everytime I walk down the stairs and through the halls, I can't help but fbink how many people in this school have never talked with someone of a different culture or· race, much less befriended such a oerson_
Nationwide, as well, racism seems to be on the rise. As recently as Christmas, in fact, there have been bombings and other te11oristacts l\gainst civil rights activists, judges who have supported civil rights, and lawyers who have defended civilrights. There hasbeen increasP.Clvocalization from the Kio Klux Klan nationwide,as well as an attempted parade on Martin Luther King's birthday by the Klan. "That hand is not the same color as yours, but if I pierce it, I shall feel pain. If you pierce your hand, you also feel pain. The blood that will flow from mine will be the same color as yours. I am a man. The same God made us both."-Chief Standing Bear of the Ponca tribe.
trip to school.
Lighters were }?ustoys. It was on the bus where I saw the flame-torchtrick. (If perhaps someone is not familiar with this interesting feat, I shall explain. An aerosol can of hairspray is activated over the flame of a lighter, in effect creating a torch.) I saw holes burnt into the backs of bus seats. Some kids would jokingly flick lighters close to peoples' hair.
Objects were thrown. Sometimesrubber band wars were instigated. Paper wads, spit wads, sunflower seed shells, candy, homework assignments and other interesting items slyly stolen from the possession of their owners. Windows were the outlets kids used to affect the outside world. From them, cars were spit upon, drivers flipped off and obscenities yelled at pedestrians. Oaths were directed ·.towardstransients,pregnant women, elderly people, school
Sometimes there was singing, the sort intended to of- outcasts, anyone non-white, people who dressed ''weird" fend. How about a spirited versionof ''The roach, the roach, and even attractive people. Nobody was safe from the vile theroachisonthewall "?orashoutedrenditionof''Addit words which escaped the mouths of so many insecure up" by the Violent Femmes? humans.
Occasionallythere was a tortur~party, where restless kids It•s over now. High school hasmoments which challenge sought out the quietest, most vulnerable student and would the basis from which emotions exist, but nothing could have proceed to humiliate and verbally abuse him or her. This been as evil as junior high and those rides on the school bus. was the part I loathed. I sympathizedfor the victim and tried Being older, wiser and a little more confident, I sometimes to make myself look inconspicuous,hoping that I would not wish I could take one more bus ride. This time I would not be the next. 1?sit quietly and accept insults carelessly tossed my direc-
Sometimes the abuse would become physical.· Saliva ttonortoSlareoutthewindowwhilesomeonewasbeinghuwould be exchanged in passionately vicious acts. Once a miliated. As the person I am today, I don't think that I could person spit in the face of another. I sat in silence while quietly sit through another torture session. I wish I would stu~nts would not provide a place for another person to sit ha;~ ,said_some~ing and pos.~i~lyri_skedplacing myself in_ This person was forced to stand during the majority of
The Staff:
Tina Koeppe & Amy Folmer
Val Tobler
Jeanne McShane
Brandy Townbs
Matt Streckfuss
Vikram Jaswal
Todd Sandberg & KarenNalain.elr.
Jessica Friendt & Jennifer Powell
Stephanu Godeker
Dan Koperslci,Ali Johansen, JaclcDempsey,Mark Janike
ChristiePitts
Traci Bair, Mandi Cohi!n, Anne Crawford, Karl Edllllld, Joshua Fritts, Brion Hart, Melissa Johnson, Donica O'Connell, HeidiWoernu, MilchHirt, Rachi!lWagman,Mi.kahlaBuetler, Jeff McArthur, YolandaFewTails
Andrew Fuller
Drew Davies, Todd Kapke
Betsy Wagner
Carolynn Goodwin
Lincoln High School Phone 477-875S
Lincoln, NE 68502 22nd &"J" Streets
City approves development
By Mikahla Beutler
· City Council's approval.for the Gateway Shopping Center expansion may have a direct correlation with the redevelopment of the downtown area.
The expansion of Gateway may have some negative implications for the downtown plan.
Two developers pulled out of the project because they could not find two major department stores willing to locate downtown.
Jo Gutgsell is one of the City Council members who voted against the Gateway expansion.
"We don't want to eliminate competition(for gateway by destroying downtown)," said Gutgsell.
The city of Lincoln is paying $80,000 to have a retail study done. This will show how much people in Lincoln are shopping, and where they're doing it
Gutgsell said that the only real way to tell what is good for Lincoln is to wait for the study to be finished and analyzed. She added that the Gateway expansion decision was premature.
In 1985,the public voted for a $12 million bond issue to aid downtown redevelopment.
The original plan was to turn Lincoln into a major retail center with two department stores to produce the appropriate atmosphere to bring more entertainment facilities, broadening the arts within the city.
As of now, the only noticably completed part of downtown development is the Lied Center.
Sophomore Simeon Bukacek stated that the cost is to high to ever get the downtown project fully completed.
"It's (downtown redevelopment) not going to work," he said. "(There are )concrete resources at the Gateway and East Park areas."
Despite the $12 million bond, the cost of redevelopment, as forseen in the future, will exceed beyond thatresouce.
Senior Jeff Fosterdisagrees.
"I like walking downtown,"he said. "H they redevelop(downtown) it will make it more interesting."
Simpson places first in essay contest
By Heidi Woerner
The winner of the Optimist Freedom essay contest involving all four Lincoln public high schools is senior Angie Simpson. Simpson's essay, titled "Freedom-Our Most Precious Heritage," told what freedom means to her.
"We take for granted the freedom we have while Eastern Block countries are trying to get it," Simpson said. That was one of the important points she included in her essay. ·
The 400-500 word essay was a class assign-
mentdealing with the topics of freedom or peace. Simpson is the only Lincoln competitor to be going on to the Districts competition. If she were to win, she would attend a leadership seminar at a four day , all expense paid trip to Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
'1f I won at Districts, I would go on to International competition," said Simpson. The top essay winner will receive an all expense paid trip to an Optimist International Convention for both herself and her family.
African History awareness has been the focus of the Differentiated Citizenship Issues classes, according to social studies department head, Ross Tegeler.
Students in Differentiated Citizenship Issues classes, both individually and collectively, were ·assigned to identify a cause, gain knowledge about it, and organize a method by which to "influence the decision makers of our society," said Tegeler. ''Becoming involved in this process, is what the class is all abouL"
Many of the students have become involved in cleaning up the environment through the recycling drive at LHS. Tegeler said they have learned new skills through this process; skills such as knowing how to make an impact in the community. He indicated that many of the staff members have also shown interest in the projects.
"My goal is for these people to become involved in the community on a regular basis," he added.
"It will be a success if they do community service 20years down the road, when they choose to on their own, because they see its value," said Tegeler.
One group from his fourth period class had shown interest in the area of African History. Tegeler said the students felt there was a lack of knowledge about African-American History. A
survey was organized by these interested individuals and given to the entire student body, in which, 580 students showed interest in the possible development of an African History class. This group of nearly 600 represented a complete spectrum of people from different ethnic backgrounds. Tegeler said he felt because of this large number of interested students, there was a good chance that a class would be developed in the near future. In his opinion, this class should involve African History, coupled with a variety of other ethnic studies.
''My goal is for these people to becomeinvolvedin the community on a regular basis," said Ross Tegeler.
''We have an obligation to put a course together," he said.
Projects that have been undertaken by other students, include: recycling, expanding the English optional reading list, increasing the awareness of the importance of non-athletic activities. improving the conditions of the senior parking lot, andupgr,dillg the college planning resources that are found at LHS.
By Val Tobler
Editor's note: Although most of us hear daily announcements regarding the speech te(JJ1',few of us ever get to find out exactly whal it is thal "those speech people" do. Well, the Advocate decided it was time touncoverthemystery,so we sent a reporter/photographer out to explore that forbidden world. She came backwitheight pages of notes and a roll of film exposing the entire undercover event. Here is what she has to say: They engage in all sorts of strange and rather shady rituals. These people seem to think that witchcraft and superstition will bring them luck in their tournaments. There's the Sex Wax ritual, in which everyone rubs a package of Sex Wax for good luck. Senior Lantz Koenig, owner of the Sex Wax, shed a bit of light on the matter.
"Sex Waxis essentially surfboard wax. I got it· as a gift last year when a friend brought it back from Aorida. I just remember taking it to a tournament for the hell of it, and we did fairly well at that tournament. So I decided it must be a good luck charm, not to mention we get quite a bit of attention because not many people know what Sex Wax is," he said
Some of the other traditions are a little more run-of-the-mill: everyone holds their breath as the bus crosses the Platte River, and everyone holds their feet up over railroad tracks. Monty Stoakes has even made a ritual of being the fust one to need to go to the bathroom, and being the last one to board the bus after his bathroom trips. Inquiries into the nature of Stoakes' problem elicit the following reply: '1 drink a lot of MoWltain Dew."
Although speech tournaments are obviously a lot of fun, they also require work. In the midst of the jokes and games on the bus, there's the hum of preparation. Almost anyone with a prepared scriptlooks over it for at least a few minutes. Duet Inte.petation couples rehearse together. Speech coach John Heineman coach~ people with last minute questions, helping people interpret their characters, or deciding whether to use hand gestures while speaking. "Avoid milk products, because they're mucus-
producing and you'll go 'khh' when you speak," is just one helpful hint that Heineman shares at lunch, showing that every underlying thought is turned toward the coming tournament.
There are only two events which do not require selection of a piece or writing of a speech before the tournament Impromptu speeches are written at the tournament in three minutes, and extemporaneous speeches are written in half an hour.
Even for these events, though, some participants Wldergoextensive mental preparation. All other events are either scriptedor memorized and are generally rehearsed well before the day of the tournament. Competition is keen. so most speakers do everything they can to improve their own perfo1n1ance.
'They're really serious about what they're doing." said Junior Duane Harriott, referring to his Lincoln High teammates.
Taste is 01ost intportant _ ·factor in choosing gum
By Heidi Woerner -
Everyone has a favorite type of gum, whether it be cinnamon or chocolate mint But most gum-<:hewers agree they couldn't go a day without it.
Adam Ybarra, junio!, says his favorite type of gum is definitely Wrigley's Doublemint He said he can chew a piece of gum and go through a large pack in one day.
'1 just keep on adding mitil I have all seventeen pieces in my mouth by the end of the day," he said.
People have different reasons for chewing gum, butoneofthemostfrequentreasonsisfor the taste. Julie Jones, sophomore, said herfavorite gum is Peppermint Extra. She chews it all day, except during choir, because she likes • 1t.
Jennifer Paulus, sophomore, said her favorite type of gum is P~lllwlt Sticklets. She goes through about twenty-one pieces in two days because "it tastes good"
Jason Bohl, sophomore, said he chews gum because he likes to blow bubbles. He's going to be a baseball player, and they're always chewing on something. He chews gum about 19 hours a day. His favorite type is Super Bubble Bubblegum.
'1 buy four pounds every week and a half," he said Gene Lehenbauer, who works at the 14th and Superior Osco Drug. said that Wrigley'sSpearmint, Doublemint, andJuicyfruitaretheirnum-
Pizza Way by the Slice
ber one sellers. With these, he said, they usually sell up to 1,440 packs a year. Bubbleyum is their second-best seller, and Wrigley's Extra is their last "Candy still sells three to one over gum," Lehenbauer added.
''/ just keep on adding until I have all seventeen pieces in my mouth by the end of the day,'' said Adam Ybarra.
Gas'n Shop, at Yolande and Comhusker, sells approximately 10-15 packs of gum a day, said Judy Rossignol, who works behind the counter. Their best seller is also Wrigley's Doublemint, and their least is Hubba Bubba.: Even though the price of gum has risen, more gum is sold each year than the year before.
Diane Adams, who works at the Kwik Shop at 14th and Adams, said their best seller for kids is Bubbleynm, and for adults is Extra. They sell about twenty-four packs a day; their least seller is Trident.
No matter what type of gum people choose as their favorite, whether it is candy-coated, black licorice, popping, juice-filled, double-flavored, or anything else; chewing enjoyment goes on and on.
Even the aspect of what to wear enters into the preparation. Although pure costuming is illegal, it is generally a good idea to dress nicely. Heineman explained the reason:
'There are three things that persuade us, according to the Greeks, such as Aristotle," he said "Logos, that is the logic of our words, or what we are saying; Pathos, which is an emotional appeal, or how we say it; and Ethos, which refers to how credible we are. When we look at the speaker, we want to believe that they're credible."
The preparation pays off, though. Team members cite endless advantages to being involved in the speech program. Even people for whom this is the first tournament, such as Junior Liz Wilson, are already feeling the benefits.
"I think the speech program at Lincoln High will help me out immensel;.ywhen I get into the real world and have to deal' with real people and
•
onverszn
The yoWlg woman pondered on the gods, on religion. Her sensei could give her no answers to her hungering questions of transcendent couriosity. No one in her land could tell her truly of · religion. In a dream she saw wolves and a cloaked figure taking away her grandmother. She awoke. Her mother came in to say that grandmother had passed away during the night, gone to meet the gods in the sky. -
The Reaper's Closet
By Andrew Fuller
real problems," said Wilson. " I kind of want to go into politics and speech will definitely help out in that area," Even Koenig, the Sex Waxowner,has aserious side.
"Unlike a lot of things, speech is something that you'll always use, that no matter what you do in life, you'll always benefit from the experience," he said.
The sense of improvement is often enough to keep people working at their events. Prizes aren't always necessary to show this improvement '1 know I did a lot better this time than I had at my other tournament, so fm pretty happy," said Senior Lateef Johnson after his last round, "but it would be nice to break." "Break" refers to
''Winningis a reward, but success is doing our best,'' said John Heineman.
"Well, I'd like to win, but, then again, fd like Bush to be kicked out of office," she said. "I think that Matt and I did great, and that it was a tough round because everyone was really good. As far as Duo goes, it was the best Matt and I have ever done." Pilarski and Streckfuss placed fourth in finals.
Heineman's motto for the speech team this year is, "Winningis a reward, but success is doing our best"
So, whether you aspire to a career in acting or politics, or want to become more communicative, or have a passion for Mountain Dew and a little interest in intcrpr.:tation. there could be a place for you on the speech team. Be sure to rub the Sex Wax, though, or your dreams may not come true.
"The gods I know of, have met. For, even gods must die." It had no face within that hood. The Reaper gave her a scroll, from which she read 'Tothe early times of the human race all peoples believed in many gods (polytheism). Now people believe in one supreme being (monotheism). This change seems to show that religion in cultures evolves through stages. Some possible next stages could include science or self-belief. Though, humanity seems to have some internal hunger to believe in something; gods, science or self. They cannot decide if God exists or not, because religion is such an intangible concept to accept. They are not sure if God is there for only those who believe, or if God is merely a mortal idea. If God is a mental creation. then humans• The young woman cursed Death; cried for her may be gods. If humans are gods, self-faith may family. Then she realized Death may have held be the wisest choice." some answers.
"You give me no solid answers," the young Immediately, she set out in search of the woman said. Reaper. Her travels consumed ten year's of her 'There are no solid answers for mortals. Heed ti Sh d th alked thr gh Your tongue." li e. e crosse e ocean, w ou a desert, navigated between mountains, and trav- "What is it you believe?" she asked it, and read ersed the plains. Some people she met in cities on. told her of where Death could be found, if she '1 believe religion is a very personal matter. sought it. Because humans are individuals, they will each In a small puilding her quest ended. There was have different detailed interpretations of relia young man at a desk. She watched him from the gion, faith, belief, god If more than one human door way. He read in a book. Later, he scratched happens to have some personal beliefs in comsvinbols in a scroll. Time had no reign in his mon. then they may congregate in community • bi1ilding,and she did not grow impatient worship. Society has passed on religion to the "Death?" she asked quietly. She saw a scythe next generation in a forced way. The individual leaning against the wall. "Reaper?" and the others must be aware that there will be He turned his head slowly. His face was ordi- diversity among the individual interpretations. nary, forgetful, like a mask. Difference is not error. Satanists are an extreme "You seek? It is not your time." in ,Christianity,but because ther true followers of '1 seek knowledge," she said, going into the a different diety have a religion, belief, faith and. room. "Forgive me, but you do not seem " · following, that dedication must be honored, not "Only a temporary manifestation," the young agreed with. There must be skepticism and man said, and went to his closet understanding in everyone."
The thing thr.t.emerged had no body. It was one 'That will suffice," the young woman said, satgreat billowing cloak, a streaming black piece of isfied openspace. Withnohand,ittookthescythefrom The Reaper floated over to the door. She its resting place. backed away, but the form passedthrough her, "I hoped you could tell me of the gods," the · the cold numbed her thought yoWlg woman said nervously.
Death let the yoW1gwoman leave, for it was not her time.
MOflte Stokes and Josh Davies practice their speeches for their upcoming speech towrney. · qualifying for the final round. Kristi Pilarski, junior, and Matt Streckfuss, senior, broke in Duo Interpretation. Pilarski said it didn't make a lot of difference to her whether they placed.
Photos by Dan Koperski
Joynite Emcees: Lateef Johnson, Dylan McCullough, and Kristi Filarsla read the Joynitely News.
By Vikram Jaswal
Editor's note: On Dec. 20, 1989, over 22,000 American troops invaded the Latin American cow,try <fPanoma. According to N"wswcek, U.S. President George811Shhad two majorjiutijicalwns for the invasion:the righl of the U.S to protect the 35,000 American citizens in Panama and its righl to protect the Panama Canal MQIUll!lNoreiga, the former leader of Panama, was indictedin 1988,by two Floridagrandjuries on drug-traffu:kingcliarges.Followingthe inavasion, the U.S. broughl Noriega to Miami. A new governwentwas installed in Panama, with Gllillerno Endara as the new Presidenl. The Advocate offers three students' views on the in• vaswn.
Of the reasons you're aware of, was U.S. intervention in .Panama justified?
Senior Sanb Henningson:
I think it was justified only to the extent of protecting the canal and keeping it open, '!,ecause it is so vital to international trade. But I feel it was mostly unnecessary because we've destroyed = practically a whole country's government and economy for the bringing back of one drug person whose subsequent trial and· imprisonment will hardly affect the dn·3 problem at all. I think it's ironic how we react towards China and the dictatorship there, by basically not doing anything. There are a lot of serious human rights infractions there, as there were in Panama, but look at how we tr~ted Panama, and look how we treat China!
Junior Tim Bolton:
I do believe it was justified. I think of-the longstanding reasons (why), the drug problem with Noriega supporting it the way he was But I think the spark that finally set it off was the Panamanian Defense Forces harassing U.S. citizens there; specifically threatening to sex111Jlyassault a navy officer's wife. And, I just wish we could have gotten Noriega soonerso it would sec:111more .successful in the eyes of the American public.
Sophomore Cesar Perez:
I don't think it was justified at all. They did have ------~ somereasons,thefustof · Ii,,fJIWJ!iil'' ' ?\l'!f\i~~,,,rai ::.~.:~!~::i': . · , ·· ,,, , ,,, country with an iron fist. He was also a drug dealer. That was the U.S.'s main reason, but besides that, I don't think it was justified •.Jt was just a show of strength, What are your thoughts on the human loss of life involved?
SH: I think the losses. on our side, were kept to a minimum, which I th,ink was good. However, I don't think it wu good for the Panamanians.
TB: I think it was (worth it). I'm not exactly sure how many Panamanians died. fve heard anywhere fionl 3-500, but with Noriega in Panama and his defense forces, we don't know how many Panamanians he may have been killing. And with him andhis helping the drug ltade, we don't know how many Americans might have died f:rOiltthe gang wars over drugs, overdoses, andso forth.
How well will the new Panamanian government succeed?
SH: I think that like all democracies that try to develop in South America, it will take a very, very longtime, andldon'tthinkthe United States rea]i7«1whatithadsetitselfupto do - which is basically; for as long as it takes for this country to establish itself politically and economically, we are its protection andits police force. Without us it c1JD1otestablish itself.
TB: He was voted in by the people earlier, before Noriega decided the elections were invalid. So,
ADVOCATE
I think as long as the U.S. doesn't put too tight of reins on it (and) they can keep former Noriega loyalists out of power, it should work out.
CP: New governments, especially in Latin America have always had some problems. If the U.S. got the government in there, it will probably succeed better if we help them instead of just leaving them high and dry.
When should U.S. forces be withdrawn?
SH: I would say as soon as possible. I don't think we should have been there in the first place, but as long as we're there now, we're kind of obligated to stay (until the situation is stabilized).
TB: As long as there aren't any major problems in Panama, I think they can be pulled back into U.S. military bases. Then, I think we could pull the majority out and just keep maybe a few more than nu1111alon the bases there. Have quick response teams there instead of the numbers
CP: Probably as soon as they possibly can. But, if they still request our help in rounding up Noriega's men, we might as well stay for just a little bit, but we should at least start withdrawing some troops now. We don't need the entire force down there.
What should the United States do to help rebuild Panama?
SH: I think economically we should help them. I think that's oneof the costs you have to consider when you invade. We should help them rebuild if we were the ones who destroyed, which basi• cally we were.
TB: I think we need to help them to a point like (paying for damages incurred during the invasion) because most of the people accept the Americans there as helping them. If wejust came down there, destroyed half the county and left, I think their view of us would change. So, I think we need to give them both medical and f1Il81lcial support to help them rebuild any of the battle areas.
CP: No military aid unless they absolutely need it and ask for it more along the lines of economic, trade, and humanitarian aid.
Will Panama be better off because of our intervention?
them earlier when the Panamanians themselves tried to overthrow (Noriega). I don't think it would have come this early if the Panamanian Defense Forces wouldn't have bothered the U.S. citizens. I think Bush was just trying to fmd an excuse so that the American public would stand behind him.
How will this intervention · be seen in the eyes of a seemingly relaxing Soviet Union?
SH: I'm sure the Soviet Union feels that we shouldn't have k- " there. I think they it as a kind of 'bully' thing, which I pretty much view it as also. It's just a way to :show how strong we were and what we were capable of. The only I think it's ironic how we react towards China and the dictatorship there, by basically not doing anything but look at how we treated Panama.
--Sarah Henningson
reason we did it to Panama and not to someplace where they were experiencing the same problems was because we could get away with it with little opposition and it wouldn't cost us a lot.
TB: We put pressure on them (the Soviet Union) to withdraw from Afghanistan. And then, them seeing us do this to Panama. they thought of us as hypocrites, and I can see their point there. But, they sent troops to Azerbijan just as readily as we did to Panama. So, I don't think it will have any really hazardous long-te1111nffects because Panama was not aligned with the Soviet Union. If we would have taken out Casttro (in Cuba), or the Sandanistas in Nicaragua, tlhenI think we would have had a problem. But I d:on'tthink the Soviets are going to really look that down on it They denounced it publicly, but. they do that to just about anything we do.
CP: They're (the Soviet Union) going to see it as a show of force. Another thing is that we've criticized them about their intervention in other state's affairs, like Czechoslovakia and Afghanistan. They're going to look at the Unifed States as hypocritical because (we) are saying, "Okay, you can't do this, but we can." They're also going SH: I don't know. I think they're better off to be a little more cautious and think, "Oh, are we without Noriega for the reason he was a dictator, next?" and you know how dictators are. I don't think they11show signs of being better off for a long time, but I think they probably will be.
What are your thoughts on the $1 million bounty Bush put on Noriega?
·TB: That's hard to tell, but I think they're better off having a democracy rather than having a dictatorship. I think it worked outbetter than the Romanian affair. This way, there was a mini- SH: Ithinkitwaskindofasensationalismtactic mum amount of people killed, and hopefully a to show-off. I think the United States was pretty maximum product sure they were going to be able to capture (Nori- · CP: I would have to say, yes. I still don't think ega). I mean, if you weigh the comparison of the action was justified, but unfortunately, it did what kind of threat Noriega really posed to the help. Normally I don't approve of any use of U.S., I think it was just a sensationalist thing. I force like what the United States did, but you also don't think it helped us capture him. have to look at (the) positive effect: it did oust TB: lthink(Bush)mighthavemadeamistakein NoriegL OnceNoriegawasout,alltheinjustices doing that ~ause that soun~ed a little like the that were happening to the Panamanian people Ayatollah (m lran)_prono~c~g a death decree (ended). Basically I think the economy will grow on(Salmon) Rushdie. I think 1tshouldhave been and there11 be more freedoms and things like · mo~ like may~ $1~ for information leading that to his arrest c· like Crunestoppeis.
Should the invasion have come sooner?
SH: I think it should have come sooner only to the effect that Bush was obviously waiting for something to happen. I don't see why he had to
Unless we want the world to ·look at us with fear, we should try not to intervene
--Cesar Perez
wait for American officers to get killed before he did it. I think ifhe was planning to do it anyway, he should have done it in October, when there was a lot of 'upstarty' chaos. It would have been easier then.
TB: I think we probably should have helped
in the United States. I think he would probably end up dead if the Panamanians got him.
TB: As long as it doesn't mess up any of the charges we've brought up against him or 1t · doesn't interfere with him serving his sentence here, I think we do need to set up some kind of extradition treaty between the two countries.
CP: They should get Noriega after the U.S. trial because it's basically a Panamanian affair. They have a bigger stake in it They were the ones who were directly linked to Noriega. Noriega was killing the Panamanian people literally and figuratively.
How will the overthrow of Noriega affect the influx of drugs to the U.S.?
SH: I think there's just as much problem as there ever was and I don't think bringing him back was a deterrent or anything. I feel the real drug problem lies with demand, and I don't think bringing in a supplier (helps). You don't solve alcoholism by arresting the liquor store salesman. You have to go to the alcoholic and solve their problems. I think the only way we can solve the drug problem is through education. That's where our money should go not to trying to bring in one person.
TB: Well, hopefully now, the cartel does see that without Noriega and Panama, ·they just lost a major haven for their aircraft and route. So now, hopefully, the supply won't be as great The supply will continue to exist, but hopefully not as much.
CP: Unfortunately, I don't think it will have that · much of an affect The drug dealers will fmd another way to get drugs to our co\Dltry probably some other ruler will help them get their drugs through.
I just wish we could have gotten Noriega sooner so it would seem more successful in the ·eyes of the American public.
--Tlill Bolton
Should the Panama Canal be turned over to the Panamanians by the year 2000, as was promised by a treaty made in 1979?
SH: I don't know whether they11be back on their feet enough to protect themselves and have control over it. I think it's too strategic for the U.S. • to give up.
TB: Right now, with the new Endara government, I think it would be all right If something else major happens, like the rise of another Noriega, I think we need to seriously reconsider it.
CP: I think we should honor that treaty to tum the canal back over. By the time we tum it over, the canal willbe obsolete anyway so we won't have any more use for it
·What is the future of United States intervention?
·
CP: I think that was one of the biggest mistakes Bush made during that entire situation. I think Bush had no right to put a bounty on the man's ·head. When Salmon Rushdie had thatbounty put on his head by the Ayatollah, Reagan was in power at the time, but Bush said, 'That's terxible, you shouldn't do things like that" And here we go and do the exact same thing to Noriega. I think it was a big mistake. Nobody should put a price on another person's head like that even if it's somebody like Noriega. And if we say to other countries they can't do it, why then, should we be able to.
Should Noriega be turned over to the Panamanians after the U.S. trial?
SH: Obviously he's committed a lot of crimes againstthe Panamanians, but I don't know if he would receive the kind of fair trial he will receive
SH: The Middle East is kind of a threat now, seeing as the Soviet Union is no longer a real threat to us. The Middle East and/or Cuba, considering that would be the last bashing of Communism, if it ever fell there. If it did, I think we'd be really quick to snap right down to Cuba.
TB: Afte:rVietnam, of course, the way thatwent, there wasn't a whole lot of it and it's been quite a while since Grenada. Past presidents haven't let it go to their heads, so I hope Busk doesn't either. Hopefully, he realizes that this was a '.justcause' operation, as its name suggests and won't get too 'gung ho' about (intervention).
CP: We should try not to intervene at all in other state's affairs unless they ask for our intervention. And if we do intervene, try to make it as little militarily as possible because all this intervening looks rather bad to other nations. They're going to go, '1'm a dictatorship. Uh oh, that means the United States could come by at any point and throw me out" Unless we want the world to look at us with fear, we should try not to intervene unless the people of that country ask for our • • mtervention.
The Boys' Sophomore Basketball team improved its record to 5-3 , with a 53-32 victory against Papillion LaVista on Jan. 23. Coach Sam Sharpe said his team was off to a fast start
with a 12-5 lead after the first quarter. They missed many opportunities in the second quarter, said Sharpe, and Papillion got within three points at the half A strong offensive and defensive attack in the third quarter helped the Links go up by 12 points. The Links continued a strong offensive and defensive attack to out score their opponent 18 to 9 in thefmal quarter. Jeff Alies led the team in scoring with 14 • and Dan King added JOpoints.
Where would the world be without sports? A question rarely thought about because there will always be kid's games that athletes play for the big bucks that fans pay to watch. If you really think about it, the world would be at a stand still without sports.
Instead of Little league baseball there would be Little league "hide and seek." Ooo, wouldn't that be loads of fun to watch. Stadiums, what to do with the stadiums?
Maybe we could hold the first outdoor chess tournament at Memorial Stadium. Or is chess a sport? Now rm really getting confused.
Swimming towards the future
By Karen Nalezinek
Swimming is much more than a sport for sophomore Simeon Bukacek.
Bukacek is a returning participant of this year's swim team. He will compete in the 500 freestyle and the 200 individual medley.
"Our new coach, Richard Conradt, has really turned the team around this year, I think the team will do a lot better than last year," said Bukacek. Bukacek came from Lefler Junior.High. He has competed for Nebraska Acquatics for the past nine years.
"My parents took me in the water early, that's where it all started," said Bukacek.
Bukacek's parents have also been swimming in
competition for years. He has a brother and two sisters, all of whom participate in gymnastics. His sisters also enjoy dancing. Although Bukacek's brother and sisters don't swim competitively, they do swim for the fun of it.
Team support seems to be an important factor for Bukacek this year.
''What really keeps me going during the long, hard practices is the support I get from my teammates," Bukacek said.
If he receives a swimming scholarship, Bukacek would like to continue in college. ff he doesn't, his swimming career will end with his • seruor year.
Intramural Ratings
4. Suicidal Slammers
BWA hasproved that they are the best team in the league while Bad Boys move up to -iumbertwo with an impressive outing against .~heFacwlty. Nebraska moves to eight because :here was space availible and I feel sorryfor rhem. COREC
1. Jabberwockies
1. Nothing But Net
The rating remain she same since the December 20 issue. The Wizards have once again proven that they earn the top rating after beating the Dunkers for the second time, in a close game 25-22. In co-rec the Jabberwockies and Nothing But Net will face each other t to determine who's number one.
Behind Home Plate by
Todd Sandberg
We'd have an enormous number of men out of work, with nothing to do on the weekends. Without sports there would be no house work to be done. Think about it, with dad away from the tube, he'd get anything and everything done. That's a change all the moms would love. But what would kids do after school? Eat.watch t.v ., and dare I say it, homework. I tell you one thing, without sports there would be a bunch of teen-age couch potatoes who are pretty smart. What kind of games would there be for the little tikes?
So called student-athl,eteswould actually have to go to class and study! Books would take the place of equipment
In sorne distant )and om the outstretch of Montana there would be a barn full old unwanted sports equipment. M.aybe a museum would considermaking a slu in.eout of thememorabilia. With todays increasing art values there could be a very unique sculpture made. A goal post, glass backboard,football helmet, and a protective cup, made just right, could maybe go for about 40 million.
Life and sports go hand in hand. ff you weren't alive you couldn't play sports and if there were no sports there would be nothing to live for.
season
By Anne Crawford
With three major tournaments coming up next month, the wrestling team has big plans, said Coach Thomas Christie.
'The team sets the goals city champs, conference champs, district champs, state champs then we work to reach those goals. It won't be easy; it will take a lot of hard work, but we can do it," said Christie.
They have already achieved the fust goal by defeating East High to become City Champs last Tuesday night Here is what faces them: 13 team members, one from each weight class, will attend the Conference meet on Feb. 3. The same number will then go to Districts on Feb. l 0. Only the top four wrestlers in each weight class at Districts will then qualify for, and go to, the State meet on February 15-17. The top six of 32 wrestlers in each class will receive state medals.
The wrestlers who will p-obably be among the 13 to go to Conference and State are Chris Nelson (103), Sean Donovan (112), Kevin Koelzer (119). Eric Shulz or Jeremy Chrastil (125), Ben Murphy (130), Jason Koelzer (135), 7.anP.L&nguis (140), John Gill (145), Brian Shafer, Sean Knutson.and/orKipMaynard(l52& 160),Todd Koester (171), Russ Spadt (189), and Devin Reinke(Heavyweight), said Christie. They have secured these varsity slots by defeating others on the team in their weight category, but this can change as junior varsity and reserve wrestlers may challenge those above them each week and move up if successful.
All of them, whether they make state or not,
work hard. The team meets for a couple of hours each day after school and usually has one or two meets a week. To help them keep up with their studies despite this rigorous schedule, Christie holds a mandatory one-and-a-half to two hour study hall in his room each week, usually the day before a meet Coach Christie believes that this is important because on meet days they are kept busyfromaround5:30p,.m. until 10:00p.m., and it would be very difficult for them to do homework on those days.
Three wrestlers are already state ranked Languis, Gill, and Murphy. Gill is ranked third and Murphy is ranked fust as well as being the defending state champ. In addition, though not currently ranked, J. Koelzer, Nelson, and Reinke have all defeated state ranked individuals and are expected to do well.
Becoming a champion at wrestling takes real
commitment. LangusandJ.Koelzerbothstarted
in fourth grade wrestling clubs. Murphy has
been working for six years. For the cost of
federationmembership,childrenwi th aninterest
in wrestling can join clubs like the "Lincoln
W111iors" (Koelzer started there) and travel
across Nebraska to compete and learn on week-
~~experiencecangiveawrestlertheedgehe
needs to become state ranked.
" It makes others know we're worth something (to be state ranked)," said Murphy. "Ranking's only important at the end of the state meet," saidd Christie. The team agrees.
esro 1n
By Ali Johansen
Hypodermic needles on New Jersey shores. a growing hole In the ozone layer. a vanishing rain forest- the eighties were a decade plagued by the Increasing decay of the earth.
Joyce Peterson. Lincoln High biology teacher and environmentalist. said that one of the pr1mary forms of polluflon leading to this decay Is dcld rain.
'It Isn't just a beautiful forest we're destroying. Ifs a habitat,' she said. • You're also talking about water, you're talking about lakes and streams, you're talking about everything that lives In the water.·
According to Peterson, the acid rain and air polluflon are so damaging that the Egyptian pyramids have fallen victim to a rapid Increase of decay In the last century due to pollution. In addition, concrete buUdlngs all over the wor1d have literally begun to crumble.
Another cause of envlormental con- · cem are the ozonEH:lepletlng chloroffuoro carbons produced by such things as air condlfloners, refr1dgerators, and automobllles
Pointing out the extent of the damage the CFC's have done, Peterson said that even If we stop producing the CFC's today ,ltwlll be over a century before the ozone layer can begin to repair Itself. Peterson believes overpopulation Is a main cause of environmental decay. She said that today the popuatlon Is5.2 bllllon, but before the year Is over It Is estimated that ltwlll rise to 5.3 billion. She stressed the Importance of educating this Immense population about not wasffng resources.
100
one
J Burger.of the Unlversttyof Nebraska's environmental gro~ Ecology Now, also
Reflecting on the past decade I
u ens view
promotes conserving our resources. By Mandi Cohen 'I think recycling should be expected of everyone,' he said. 'Peop1e have The main concerns of the 1980'swere been really lazy about developing mar- the depleflon of the ozone layer. earthkets for recycled goods.• quakes In Mexico atty and San FranBurger feels that many environmental dsco, the Chernobyl melt down, the problems come from not exploring Aldsepldemlc,andStarWarsallofwhlch technology and progress Ir, recycling. affects our very existence. While the Increasing waste. and forgetting popu- wor1d was In turmoll 11hechildren of the lotion growth. 80's were more concerned wlth Tonka Burger said that national. state and trucks, Barbles. breol<:danclng, Michael local policy have made people forget Jackson, leg warmers, roller skating parmuch of what was accomplished In the ties, 0nd 'making the grade.· seventies. Peterson pointed Ollt that at Jerolyn Smith • Junior. attended Hunta recent International environmental lngton Elementary school, playing In the conference In Amsterdam, the United pork with her fr1ends and gettll"!Q In as States. Japan, and the U.S;S.R.were the much play time In as the day would orfy three nations that refused to sign a allow was her main goal In the early 80's. pact to cut back on highly pollutant Part of her dally elem1entary school day carbon dioxide emissions. schedule was eating fruit roll-ups with a
'It's called greed,· said Peterson. best fr1end and watching cartoons after 'Energy usage by Industry.· She said thai • school got out.
the U.S. makas up only six percent of the 'For me elementary school was boring, world's population, yet It uses over sbT.' 1 we never did anything,' sale! Smith. percent of the resources. Peterson I Melissa Landis, Junior, rec::ollsseeing added that the country using the re-· 1 herffrstlatenlghtmovleonHliOwhlleher sources Isn't the only country that w1·1I parents weren't home, In eat1y elemenhave to deal with the polluflon caused · tary school. · by waste.
"When I was In the seco,nd grade I The eighties have left an earth In des- I wanted a pair of cowboy boots. beperate need of aid. 'The planet Is sick,' · cause I had jUlt seen 'Urbc1n Cowboy' said Peterson. 'lfwedon'tflxlt, we're not with John Travolta,' said Larldls. "To me going to be around as a species.• ·cowboy boots were beyond anything In 'I see a greater awareness In the last life.· year than either the seventies or tha Daniel King, sophomore,, attended eighties,' shesald. Shebellevesthatthe Clinton Elementary. reme,mbers the nineties are destined to see an awakeP.- fashion statements that he nlCJde ear11er Ing of environmental awareness. In his life. · "Elementary school was bell bettor I is.
about the past decade
Here are the results:
Biggest Scandals of the 8 0 I I: Jim and Tammy Baker 38% Iran contra Afffalr 28%
Biggest Polltlcal Disaster: Iran Contra Affalr32% Quayle10%
5%
Biggest Envlronmental Disaster 011 Splllls 39% Ozone depletion 17% San Francisco EarthqucJke 16% Rainforests 11% Hurricane Hugo 5% Pollution 2% Chemoble 2% Other 8%
Biggest Advancement: Berlin Wall 23~~ Computers 14~1, Space Program 14% Technologyl 1~:. Nothing 11%
everybody had a pair with ffo•N&rsat the bottom: said King.
Apr11Patr1cl<,jl.nlor, attended POl.l'ld Junior high where the big deal was being a teenager. Wearing make-up and · being boy crazy was all the fun.
'To me junior high was being obnoxious and trying to flt In,' said Patrick.
According to Lacy Shutz, sophomore, junior high was a time for change and maturity. School was no longer as much fun because the grades from ninth grade were going on her college transcr1pts ·
'The wor1d wasn't what It used to be,' said Shutz.
Angle Southwick, Junior, remembers getting her curfew In 8th grade. which · she still has problems making.
'In junior high we went to the mall, andto school dances, and afterwards we went to Val's,' said Southwick.
Tom Pappas English teacher. father of teenagers shares hisviews and Ideas on children who have grown In the 80's.
'OUr society has become fickle, everything changes so fast. what's In one day Is not cool the next. everything Is so accelerated.' said Pappas.
UsaKeel, sophomore, Isglad she grew up In the 80's because of the new and different Issues that have made her more aware of the wor1d around her.
'It was exciting to grow up In the 80's because of all the changes, now that '.vere older we are able to undMtand whafs going on In the wor1d,' said Keel.
By Matt Streckfuss
The Lincoln Public School Board voted 7-0 to allow high schools to be open to ninth graders registering for next year.
Even though the vote was unanimous, concerns were addressed. People in northeast Lincoln have voiced their concern for the future of Northeast High. School board member Marion Price indicated she would have voted no because of concerns of Northeast. Figures from a survey given out to ninth graders last fall, asking them which high school they want lo go to given the choice changed her vote.
Some questions were cleared up with the survey. No one knew for sure if students would all choose to leave a particular district , according to James Garver.
'The student survey reports that no large influxes will occur," said Garver.
The survey gave the indication that although some changes in attendance that no single school would be losing a large number of students. Southeast shows an increase of about 20 students, the number is not alarmingly high, according to Superintendent Philip Schoo.
"I think most students will choose the school in their area. but I am glad we have the opportunity," said Schoo.
Many school board members have received praise and thank yous from parents and students, said Price, many parents and older students have commented they wish tlhe school board would have opened the schools when they were still in school.
Keith Bartels, school board member, has indicated that he want~ to make the option open to juniors and seniors as well.
"Maybe we will want to write it as a policy and not need to review it every year,"
S4ni.orAdrillnColllrera.,,11e,ai.orScott Galusha and 11opliomoreJou Loos were 011nD11g many spirited UIS llt11M11t.rwltodoMuJ tlMirNA.AD. t-shirt.rdwing tlMFeb. 2 boys ,ballutball ,a-again:tt Sow.heart,
eats irst
T-Shirts make a statement
Over 100 students wore the Need Another ,, ;' Athletic Director, (N.A.A.D.) Squad t-shirts to
boys' basketball game against Lincoln South-
,ieast on Feb. 2, according to N.A.A.D. organizer,
senior Jeff Lomax. "Our complaints have fallen on deaf ears for too
· long, said Lomax
, The T-shirt logo was taken from the latest Bo
: • Jack.son commercial for Nike. The front reads: "Bo knows baseball, Athletes knQw ability, Fans know spirit, Athletic Director, You don't knowDiddley." On the back it says, "Maintaining selfcontrol," andthen it has a circle with A.D. printed inside and a line through it, said Lomax. This project was sparked by an assignment required of all students in Ross Tegeler's Differentiated Citizenship Issues class, to fmd an issue they wanted to pursue and influence either the school or commwuty about that project Lomaxs' project was to evaluate what the Athletic
Director at Lincoln High actually did, said .,,. Lo
max.
Vice Principal Barry Stark said he had a talk with Lomax the day the T-shirtswere going to be dis1nbuted and he said he didn't have a problem with them as long as profanity was not •1soo,
"Ijust wanted to know if wearing the T-shirts woulcl accomplish what they wanted it to. There isn't going to be a winner if a personal attack is made on Jun Sommers," said Stark. '1 respect Jeff and the group, but I want no part of attacking the person. If they want to discuss issues, which
they have (about crowd participation at games) I will help them out, but you can't back someone " mto a corner.
Tegeler felt the group of Brandy Toumbs, Kenny Love, and Lomax, did a good job at not personalizing the issue.
''/ wasn't aware of any grievances the group had with the athletic department,'' said Jim .~ommers.
'These kids are very dedicated to this project even though the semester is over. I feel these influencingprojectsprovideda chance to apply the abilities they have learned in class," said Tegeler.
'1 wasn't awareof any grievances the group had with the athletic department," said Sommers. Lomax felt the athletic director has lost touch with student athletes and their parents.
"He's not visible to the snident body. He is often rude when students go to the athletic office to talk to him, and he doesn't know how the athletes want things done," said Lomax. "I have nothing personal with Jim Sommers, I just believe his office is not functioning as it should."
By A11neCrawford
Lincoln High has beaten a viral infection of its computers.said computer instructor, Steve Quir• mg.
By the time it was discovered on February 7 the WDEF virus had invaded nearly all of the hard drives in the building and a large number of the disks said Kathy Raymer, assistant principal for • • mstruction.
Initially, the computers had no protection from this new virus and it spread quickly, but due to the efforts of Quiring andRaymer,all machines are now protected by anti-virus programs capable of detecting and destroying the virus.
A computer virus is a program· that can, like real viruses, replicate itself and spread between infected disks and hard drives even when no program is run. Some viruses are relatively har11tless, but others, called 'time bombs'can lie donnant and spread UIUlOticedbefore they become active, potentially destroying infonnation or damaging hardware in the process.
Greg Tucker of the Computing Reoource Center (CRC) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. thought the viruses have not been too damaging.
"So far, all the Macintosh viruses except one have been benign and have only tried to spread themselves. They have not tried to cause intentional damage," said Tucker.
The problems caused by benign viruses like WDEF, he said, arecaused only by urtintentional bugs and incompatibilities in the program instead of by outright malice. However, he continued, it is often difficult to determine whether a given virusis dangerous or not so it is important
prepare for the worst and keep viruses off of the machines.
Though it is not known how or when this virus entered the building, it may have come from UNL where it infected several labs said Paul Menter, also of the CRC '
The fast spread of the virus through Lincoln High, Menter adds, may be due to the fact that all machines here have individual hard drives instead of being linked to slower "Software Servers" as at UNL.
The two programs used to help stop the spread of this virus are "Disinfectant 1.6" that can be used to detect and destroy the virus and "Gatekeeper" that checks for and eliminates the virus as soon as an infected disk is inserted said Quir• mg. Because they are "free-ware," the programs may be copied and distributed freely but may not be sold. He believes thalt using these program to purge disks of the virus before it can spread has put an end to the problem, at least for now. However, he warns, we are only really covered until the next virus come:s which he predicts may be as soon as six weeks from now. Computer consultant Chuck Friesen has a similar outlook.
"Whenever you have that many students and that many disks moving around, something like · this is bound to happen," said Friesen.
But the successful battle of Lincoln High's first computer virus is not without a positive side, says Quiring.
"Hopefully next time it happens people won't get so excited,"he said
Photo by Mark Janike
Honor roll stutkllls for first semester wer, honoredwith certificatu for pizza and pop dwringthird period on FebrllOT)I21. AssislaltlPrincipalfor Student Servicer,Ted Rethmeiu Mid this -.r wayfor stutJe_nt.r to
Editors'Note: It is hoped that thefollowing editorial column will be taken with the grain of salt which it deserves.
We should st.arta girls gang at Lincoln High. It's obvious from the recent events in school and the Valentinesdance that students would take interest in the projecL
'(' Commacllzy Kitties
By Jeanne McShane and Amy Folmer
It's important to st.artall gang activities with a good image;we need to be easily recognii.ableas the "linksladies of terror." Uniformityis a must; in order to be important as individuals,we must frrstshowthat we canconfonn to the group. ·
A set of by-laws to make sure every one is participating in the gang's activities would be a defmite necessity.
All girls who are interestedshouldrun out and buy the most evil leather outfit that money can buy.
Only smokersare allowed to join, of course, because one of the main activities of the links lady terrorists will be to bring lit cigarettesinto the buildingeverydayto blow smoke into the faces of as many administratorsas possible.
Because we are the lady LINKS, we will claim chains as our trademark,and fight to the death with anyone else who
tries to purchase chains for any purpose. We will form a squadronwithinthe structureof our gang to watchall stores that sell chain to be sure we know everyonewhobuyschain for reasons other than to let their dog urinate.
This surveillancewill make our fightingsprees easier, as ·it will help us to discern who is worth fighting. Of course, every girl who, for some stupid reason, refuses to join our gang or gang memhers who do not fulftlltheir gang responsibilities should be brutally beaten. These beatings:will be publiclyexecutedin the halls, so that people will know our wrath and learn to fear us.
The need for a girls gang is evident. We are here to help bring about the needsof our sister students. Violenceis the only solutionto accommodatethese needs. Cometo us with
s of Terror''
your chains, leather and dangling cigarettes; we will welcome you with open anns.
Everyone knows that Lincoln High has a reputation for beinga dangerousplace,whatwithall thosedifferentpeople there is bound to be some violence.
We need to improveon that image; we want everyoneto know that Lincoln High is the most violent school in the state, and that the links lady terrorists are undefeatable. It is every girl's civic duty to join the links lady terrorists in solidaritywith our cause, to bring violence to its divine position as Lincoln High School's pinnacle. We will not toleratepeaceful negotiations:
In this age of women'sliberationwe need to prove to our male counterparts that female gangs can be just as fear inspiring, and more intimidating than the fiercest boy's gang.
Boys havebeen in gangs since time immemorial. It's time for somethingnew, somethingbeautiful(in its own violent way). The time has come for girls to talcesides,join gangs, and beat the living crap out of every thing that breathes.
Imagine the power trip you will experience when you walk up to Mr. Stark in your evil leather jacket, swirling your chain, and blowing smoke in his face. Imagine how disempoweredyour parents will feel when their beloved daughterstartscominghome withblack eyes-- trophiesthat attest to her strengthand agility in fighting.
Slaving over a cold tablet, searchingfor inspirationto write in the ceiling tile of Room 317,fidgeting like an.adolescentin school desk Period 7, a curiousstudent of mine inquired of my misery.
"/ promised TinaI'd try writinga 'something'forThe Advocate. I can't do it."
Student turned teacher began strummingfor ideas-casting them my way. He suggestedfinally, to write about me, absent of hall passes, scan-trons, and progress reports (whatfun).
· The process of Guest Writing-Mucbological Freewrite 1990 on driving 19sometbing:
My father, an energetic Irishmanwho could teach anyone anything,volunteeredto instructhis oldest daughterin the art of driving. I was fifteen and a sophomorein high school,eager to learn "quickly"difficulttasks and later talk or write about how easy it was. As dreams at times match reality, our frrst adventuredriving the long, clear stretch of SouthStreetappearedsimple,and I rememberthinkinghow fortunateit was to be able to drive with one foot upon each pedal. Dad, trusting an intuitive automobilebrilliance in me, never bothered to check my foot feet strategy, and I buzzed along with assurance.
"You'rea natural all right," my father said approachinga familiar red brick house. "Pull it in the garage there." Our comer house stooq solid and safe, and it amazes me in
his cheeks wanted to burst, but he contained his sixteenseveral respects, how pretentious the home front can be. year-old smugness and emotion for the sake of a good Garages and infant wheelers,g~ges and two feet, garages friend.
and confusion,and suddenlyIrish enthusiastpanickeda bit "You'reokay really?" he asked "You did all this? Gotta and sat up as if in feared roller coaster. go, but I'11be back. I promise. 'how did you ever 1'11be "Okay, brake," said he. "Okay, brake right now--right back." away brake BRAKE!"
After Patrick left, I studied my academy of bricks and We were safe, but the garage came apart like a paper couldn't believe it myself. Surely they could fix this. Puzzle. Bricks buckled,·foundation changed, and Mom N bod will kno not a soul I hoped 0 y w, came to rescueme from teenagecrisis behind a push button But green-eyedPatrick returned with our friends--lotsof Dodge Dart. Dad went silent for a few memorableseconds them. Was it my entire sophomoreclass at Pius X High and graciouslygave his consent to allow Mom to teach me Schoolor just a few wiusiiallyloud cackles? They laughed, how to drive. they rolled down the hill in my back yard unable to control
"~he wasn't born to like automobiles,"he said. "At two their fits and I, not yet settled into my personhoodcapable she hammered the tail lights out of my '57 Chevy for of mistakes such as this one, was unable to see the humor. heaven's sake. I should have known better." He may have I was flawed with a history of garage destruction! The smiled. Maybe not. I didn't mean to do it; salt water pride followingday at schoolI was gieeted by more studentsand was symbolicof that. I would never drive again! some faculty membersguarding the interior brick entry of Fortunatelymy good friend Patrick stopped by for a few Pius, shouting"Hello crash!" I don'tblame them. It was too hours later to say hello and ask of my daily happenings. good of a story to ignore. "111tell you," I said, "if you promisenot to mention a word My yearbook inscriptionssophomoreyear were mostly to anyone." driving tips; some of the funniest keepsakesI'll ever have.
Not gieen-eyed innocentPatrick--neverPatrick, so I pre- · And fmallyI cancrack a delicatesmile lookingback on this sentedmy mishapto him, hidingbehindhumbledhands. He incident Whata relief it is to realize that imperfectionis the tried awfullyhard to be kind. He shiftedhis feet,put his head heart of who I really am. down,shifted some more,and talkedwith a closedf1Stin his ·fiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil mouth. The wrinklesin
Todd.Sandberg & KarenNalezinek. Jessica Friendt & Jennifu Powell Stephani£ Godeker Dan Koperski, Ali Johansen,
Jack.Dempsey,Mark.Janike Christ~ Pitts
Traci Bmr, Mandi Cohen, Anne Crawford, Karl Edlund, Joshua Frills, Brian Hart, Melissa Johnson, Danica O'Connell, Heidi Woerner, Mitch Hirt, Rachel Wagman, Mi.kahlaBeUller, Yolanda FewTails
Andrew Fill/er
Artists Drew Davies, Todd Kapke
Betsy Wagner
Advisor CarolyM Goodwin Lincoln
Guest Editorial by Deborah McGinn English Teacher
By Vikram Jaswal
Unless a method is found to identify Lincoln survey of 1,000 students and found overwhelmHigh students and register non-LHS students, inglythatpeoplewantedtohearrapmusic. HowStudent Council sponsor Randy Ernst said he ever,theDJslostuseofthecassetteplayerduring will not sponsor another dance the dance and were unable to play the planned rap During the Feb. 9 Valentine's Dance, at least 20 tapes, said Ernst. students not enrolled at Lincoln High attempted "We wanted to make it better than before, and to get in, according to Ernst. That, coupled with it was disappointing when it wasn't," he said. angry boyfriends, a fight in which one of the Ernst said Student Council felt an obligation to students involved was taken to the police station, have another activity to make up for everything. the fact that the incorrect music was played, and Student Council and Rainbow Club have talked other ·circumstances made the event less than · about hosting a joint dance that would include a enjoyable, he said. carnival in the East Gym. Clubs would provide '1 felt absolutely drained afterwards. It was booths, similar to those at Open House. such a struggle the whole evening." he said. 'The difficulty would be rallying people to do Ernst said non.LHS students were not m1wel- something lilce this because jt's getting close to come at dances, but they needed to be identified the end of the year," he said. and a system worked out where disciplinary The Nintendo tournament held at the Valenaction could be taken if needed. As it is now, tine's Dance was something that worked well. Lincoln High has no recourse for punishing stu- said Ernst. He said it would be an addition to dents
By Jack DelRf)HJ
By Ali Johansen
The pbrue "comic books" often brings images of oddly clad supaheroes leaping fton1 tall buildings in a single boWld. but today's comics are better known for social commentary, first class art work and profoW1dwriting.
Senior Mike Wiles, an avid reader of comics since the fifth grade,thinks thequality of comics has vutly improved over the last thirty years.
''The writers and artists are much more intelligent now," said Wiles
He added that the writing has evolved since the early days of comics, because authors are currentlyusing experimental writing techniques, an often poetic tone and a higher literary quality.
"Now comic books are more into stories that actually have an ending, rather than the serial comics they had before," said Wiles.
''New Classics illustrated", a revamping of an older series, even issues comic book editions of classic novels such as "Moby Dick" and ''Tom Sawyer."
Larry Lorenz, of Trade a Tape and Comic
The sky was gray that afternoon. The stones of the building were cold. Night would come early. Inside, young people learned. One among them was obsessed with the idea of relationships. He was not perverted, in fact his libido quite inactive. Much of his thought was spent attempting to solve the eternally p11zz1ingissue of love.
The Reaper's Closet · by
Andrew Fuller
He would walk down the long halls. Gossip would spill from people's mouths. Oh, why, ''he was going out with her," and "she was his girlfriend," and "he dumped her," and "she dropped him," and "they're back together," and la, la. la. What the hey did it all mean? Were relationships the result of some foolish social pressured creation?
Sometimes he would passby a couple who s,.,,ee""',Itcd to suck the very breath from one another, their tongues down each other's throats. Was this love?
"Dis-gusting," the boy said, walking faster.
One day the boy considered... What could death and love have to do with one another?
Some wh,;sper on the wind told him that if he sought it, he would find Death.
That afternoon, at a lonely locker in a dark comer, the boy halted. Crouched, reading, writing, the cloak saL
'1've been thinking lately," the boy told the other, "about love. Why? And what is it? And when is it right? And with whom? And--"
The piece of night stood suddenly. From its locker it took a gleaming, ancient scythe.
"Death does know much of life," the Reaper said "For, Death meets all people, and all things, in the end." No feet touched the floor under the floating cloak. "Love is an emotion that even
Pizza Way
By the Slice
rowu ' ecome more so isticate ·
Center, has been a fan of comics since the early seventies.
'1f you're looking for an adult comic, you'll · have better luck now (than in the fifties or sixties),'' said Lorenz, ''butl think therehavealways ''It's not 'Spiderman' anymore, things are getting grittier,'' said Mike Wiles. ''It's not just superheroes going out and beating people up. 11 ==
bee ood " ng · conucs.
Comics have beglDlto deal with social issues such as racism, U.S. foreign policy, war and environmental decay. For example, a commentary on the stan1sof the family in America is the subject of a comic book called "Stray Toasters". Both Lorenz and Wiles said that the political commentary of comics is primarily left wing,
although a few do take " right wing position. Wiles cites as an example the right wing "Punisher," a controversial comic about a ruthless vigilante brutally murdering drug lords as they beg formercy,exhibitingnorespectforeitherthelaw or the concept of innocence before guilt.
The majority of social awareness lies in the independentpublishers of comics, rather than the mainstream Marvel and DC.
''The independents are where you fmd the opinionated people because there's a lot less censorship involved,'' said Wiles. In addition to content, the artistic quality of comics has greatly increased. Wiles pointed out that they are now glossy, square bound editions full of imaginative art work often depicting brutal images of a violent society. ·
Lorenz and Wiles agreed comics have received more attention lately due to coverage on MTV, and magazines such as "Rolling Stone," but Wiles doesn't feel they have gotten the credit they deserve.
"Comics are becomingso involved with other pm ts of the entertainment world that they should be given more credit than they are,'' said Wiles, adding that 1.;w1e.1tlysome comics are hased on movies such as "Hellraiser" and TV shows like "Married With Children."
Many of the more popular comics come from Japan. wheretheword for comics, Manga,means "irresponsible pictures." Lorenz said that about 1Oor 12 Japanese comics are currently available. Wiles added that the Japanese comics, which are read more than the newspaper in Japan, tend to be more spiritual, less sexist, and generally more mature than many of the American comics.
The transformation of comics into an Wlderground institution of formidable art work. writing, and commentary has brought a mass of new readers and publicity.
"It's not 'Spide.111an'anymore," said Wiles, •"thingsare getting grittier. It's not just superheroes going out and beatingpeople up."
Death cannot defme. Love must be thought through, talked about, experienced."
"When is it real?" the boy asked.
'1t is always real. Only, the person must know how powerful it is at the time, not how powerful one wants it to be." Thenothinginthegreatcloak did not breath. "I must go." The Reaper gave the boy a scroll. ''The thoughts of Deatl)." it said. The boy read through Love is an emotion that few people can sincerely follow. Love is a word often used in vain, abused. There are endless types of love. Boyfriend-girlfriend is bUIone dimension, of a sort, though in a young adult society, it is the only type of relationship that is shallowly acceptable. Love does not mean sexuality. Too few people honor Love, and thus the entityvisits this plane of existence rarely. Even so, people attempt to keep the memory of Love fresh, creating their own inaccurate interpretations. Love is a feeling, not a rose, not a sunset. Love exists between any two people, regardless of sex, to any degree. If love creates a bonding relationship, there must be dedication, absolUle honesty, complete honor, and continuous communication. ·
Death swept through the hall. It passeda couple, who seemed to chew off one another's lips. Rea1-er,Aise:d its scythe, then relaxed, controlled. It would be the couple's time soon enough. There would be a car accident the next weekend Beer would be involved, no seat belts, · on some back countryroad. Death would be there when the car came racing over the embankement and exploded against the chosen tree. Reaper would take the two souls away.
"Wait!" the boy cried out, looking from the saoll to the dark form moving down the hall. "Please wait Does Death love?"
The Reaper thought, its cloak rolling. The scythe shifted unseen hands. "Yes," returned the Reaper, "even Death loves."
Kubicek
designs path to the future
By Karen Nalezinek
Thanks to her friends and junior high teacher's encouragement, ·senior Connie Kubicek is on her way to a degree in arL
"I never really considered art as a career until last year," said Kubicek. Kubicek lives with her parents and has two older sisters in college; one is majoring in art at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
"My parents were always encouraging my sister, but art was only a hobby for me, "she said.
Last year Kubicek started getting recognition, including a billboardofher art and anhonorable mention award for a floor plan design.
Kubicek recently won an interior design award from the Home Builders Association.
The contest required every participant to make a scaled floor plan of a house, with his or her choice of design, colors, tile, wallpaper, and Cillpt;t.
The first place award she received included a certificate and a check for $75.
Remodeling has been another project for Kubicek. Her parents decided to remodel their
house and asked for her advise on color schemes.
"I started helping my parents in the living room when they bought a pink couch. I decided on the color of cmpt;t and some of the furniture. I also picked out the colors for my room which 1 decided on black and white, because of the contrast," said Kubicek.
As a career Kubicek would like to go into interior design because she likes to design houses and business floor plans.
'1 get most of my ideas from previous assignments or my friends. Sometimes they will think of something they'd like me to draw and rn do it," she said.
Kubicek has her own art studio at home and spends some of her spare time painting and drawing, getting an early start on her career in art. As of now, Kubicek is considering Drake college as a possiblity.
'1t's small but I like the idea of the close teacher-student contact and most of the graduates are placed in jobs," she said.
2 locBtions to serue you: 21 ii O 6 10th O High
Photo by Dan Koperski enior Conni.eKubicek displays the sample board which she created and won first place with int Om£ Builders Association inlerior design contest.
Dunking comes easy for Gaither
By Karen Nalezinek
With an average of 20.5 points a game, senior Mike Gaither can't go wrong.
"Wheoeva-I'm bored and there's nothing to do, I always find myself playing basketball,"said Gaither.
Gaither began playing basketball in the seventh grade at Irving Junior High, As a child he played soccer,but u soon as he picked Upthe basketball
Gaither knew it was the sport for him.
"Ever since I picked up the ball, my dream has been to play in the NBA. I know it's a slim chance, but it's a goal I plan on achieving someday," Gaither said
Starting out as center because of his height, Gaitherhasnowmovedto forward. Whenhewas younger he was considered tall, standing 6 '3, but now he is playing against opponents who are taller than him.
'1 worked on the fotward position last summer in order to play it this year. I like it better than center,! get more opportunitiesto dunk," Gaither added.
As a sophomore, Gaither suited up for a few varsity games, but most of his playing time was on the reserve team. He was on varsity his junior year as well as starting varsity this year.
Gaither has put in a lot of hard work arid dedir~tion to improve his basketball abilities. He has spent four years playing for YMCA summer leagues and in summer clinics.
Last summerGaither attended a Lakersclinic in Los Angeles California.
"fve always been a Lakers fan, I fh<?ughtit would be fun to meet and play with professional basketball players," said Gaither.
Gaither has earned publicity, including the
Maren 29, 30, 31 7:30pm
and Stars
and
I wouldn't be able to score any points," said Gaither.
In the game against Fremont, Gaither earned his game high of 34 points.
Men
Women
Photo by KarenNalednek ·
Photo by Dan Kqperskl
Bw.rta Move's Dave BeeclumgraN o rebowrdovu Bird's Crl!W'sJeff Lomax, while Paul Gradgenett (5) and Dave Kulwicki look on.
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Swimming
14 members of the girts' and boys' swim team are finishing up their season by participating at the State swim meet a tt Bob Devaney Sport Center Feburary 22-24.
Senior Ann Tidball, who has been a member on the girls' swim team for the last four years, qualified for the fly and the breaststroke events at the State swim meet. Last year, Tidball swam in the consolation round It the "'tile meet, but this year she is swimming in the1Finals, or the top six swimmers.
"I'm not going to put any final iressure on myself, like who I should beat or what place I should finish. I'mgoingintotheStatemeetwithanopen mind and I just want to get my best personal time in my events," said Tidball.
Coach RichardConradt said both teams had a very good season. All the swimmmers worked very hard, and all imiroved their times from a year ago. The boys finish with a record of 6-6 and the girls with a 9-4 record.
The athletes participatill'lgat the State meet are: Sophomores: Simeon Bwcacelc,Jennifer Paulus; juniors: Craig Dutcher, Kim Way, Diana Hutchison, Mikahla Beu1tler;.seniors: Mike Brophy, Pat Dumas, Carrie Moore, Kathy Crwnp, Foster, Tidball and six ailtemates:Jodi Krueger, Lori Kruzich, · Karls S,chneider, Matt Whisenhunt, Chad Kennedy, and Aaron Hatfield. Varsity boys' basketball
As the basketball seas<oncomes to a close, the varsity boys' team goes iintodistricts strong. Winning 4outoftheirllast 6games. Theywill start off districts against Fremont on Saturday, according to varsity coach Aldie Johnson_ "Gaither has been a slJl'ongplayer on the team
this year", said Johnson.
This years varsity team consis&edof 7 rewrning letttermen, including senior Mike Gaither as leading scorer. · Returning letteJn,an, senior Shawn Smith said the team has had the potential to beat all the teams they've played, they just haven't used it. "I thought we'dhave a better year, that we'd at least be nmbd," Smith said, "lfwe use the potential we have. I dunk we can but everyone in districts."
The has been Jrett)' consistant through the first three quarters. but ran into 10111euouble in the fomth against Northeast and Southeast. Gaither added,'"winning isn'teverything, having fun is also important, but it's not over until it's over.
Wrestling
Disappointing is irobably the best word that can describe this years State wresiling meet for Lincoln High. said Jason Koelza
Going into the meet the Links ,were ranked fomth, they finished fifteaith Only 2 out of the · · 12 wrestlers placed in the ,meet, seniors Ben Murphyand Zane Languis both finished fomth. Murphy was upset in the semifinal match by Cory Garrett of Omaha North. Brian Jeanette of Omaha Gross then won by decision over Murphy 9-1 in the third place match, said Koelzer.
After Hyper-extending his elbow, Languis made a courageous effort in his semifinal match agamst Jeff Cotton of Gering, but came up short 6-2.
Varsity girls 7 basketball
· The Lincoln High Girls basketball team ended their season with a 61-46 loss to Lincoln East at the Districts Tournament, February21 at Prasch Gym.
The Links were led by Robyn Weisbrook with 10 points, Julie Gilde with nine and 18 rebounds, and Amy Loth added seven points.
Junior Julie Gilde said that the team had a good season.
'This year's season overall was successful, because we grew togetheras a team and learned how to work together," said Gilde.
· Gilde said the skills they learned this year will lead them to a more successful season next year. Even though the team ended with a 9-11 record, the girls' basketball program achieved its 200th victory agains~Kearney ------·---- --· THE GOLDEN SHEAR
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Photo by Karen Nalezinek
Seniors Milu Gesch, Jon McClung, and ShawnSmiJh all balllefor the rebound against Hastings February 20, at Earl Johnson Gym. The Links won in overtime 82-78.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
whilesophomoreTiffany Davis ('4)
High lost 5944 against Liucoba East February
at Earl Jolr&01tgym.
By Vikram Jaswal
Qne hundred anti seventy-four people donated blood at the annual student council-sponsored drive held yesterday, according to Lannelle Loos, assistant director of donor recruitment and public relations for the Community Blood Bank.
Wliile not breaking last year's record of 176 donors, Lincoln
High surpassed Southeast's total of 161, she said.
"We really had a big turnout. We appreciate that a lot," Loos said.
After arriving in the west gym, donors had their temperatures, blood pressures, and pulses checked. They were then asked a series of questions to insure they were in good health. Each person's hemoglobin was checked and he or she was moved to the donating area. Blood was then taken.
"It takes about eight minutes to donate a pint," Loos said.
After finishing, students and faculty received cookies and juice.
For Cathy Knight, English teacher, the procedure was nothing new. This was her twenty-first time giving blood.
"It makes me feel good about myself to be able to help someone else," she said
Loos and Randy Ernst, student council sponsor, said the drive ran very smoothly, thanks to Student Council preparation.
"The student council did a fme job of advance leg work," Ernst said.
Following his donation, sophomore Scott Reuter sat and munched on a provided cookie.
"It wasn't bad," he said. "I wouldn't mind doing it again."
Musical cast prepares to perform
By Ali Johansen
Lincoln High will present the musical "Anything Goes" on March 29, 30 and31 at 7:30p.m. in the auditorium.
Musical director Joe Skutchan said the show is about a trip on board the ship S.S. America as it travels from America to England.
"It's a comedy plot filled with toe-tapping tunes, and it's a plot that everyone should be able to understand and enjoy," said Skutchan.
Senior Tim Coleman, who plays Moonface Martin,a "softie pretending to be a criminal," said the musical will be worth seeing.
"I feel that the rehearsals this year are going rather smooth," said Coleman. "There's not a lot of pressure, but it's still a lot of responsibility on the part of each of the main characters."
Junior Stacy Johnson plays the female lead, Reno Sweeny, a former evangelist turned night club singer. She describes the musical as being "pretty twisted" with several little plots.
"It's fun working with people your own age," said Johnson, "people that you know really well already, as opposed to community theater."
Both Coleman and Skutchan agreed that the musical has an excellent cast
"I think we have a wonderful cast," said Cole-
man, "and I feel it's g;oing to be a fabulous musical."
"(The cast is) doing very well," said Skutchan. One of the outstanding features of "Anything Goes" is the music.
''/ think we have a wonderful cast, and I feel it's going to be a fabulous musical.''
--Tim Coleman
"It's some of Cole: Porter's best music," Skutchan added.
"Anything Goes" was first performed in 1934, and it has been revised twice since. Lincoln
High previously performed it 10 years ago.
Tickets are currently on sale in room 201.
Prices are $4 in advance, $2 with activity ticket, and $5 at the door.
The musical has a 44-member cast, with main parts played by juniors Johnson, Vikram Jaswal, Matt Dobbertien, Kristi Filarski, Aubrie Washburn, and seniors, Coleman and Melissa Lewis.
oses oca
By Matt Streckfuss
March is Youth Art Month. It honors the will lead. accomplishments of students in the arts and tries lv ~l,ow the irnpo1lal1c.: arL piays in peopl,.;;~·lives, according to coordinator George Sedlacek.
On March 2, Larry Lusk, Associl!,te Dearl of Arts and Sciences at the University ofNebrfil.ka, spoke to students at an optional assembly, about how much art had affected his life.
The art department placed art work by stude :nts in the media center windows and have had many daily sound announcements.
"Art can and should be an experience sharecl by all people every day of their lives; this does not mean that all of us must be painters, architects -authors, composers, nor does it mean that we must spend all our evenings in theaters, musetms and concert halls. Rather it means that man's innate sensitivities to the arts must be allowe,i to develop, and , by early encouragement and education, must be given opportunity for growtl1 so that the whole person can emerge," said Sedlacek in March 13 daily bulletin.
According to Sedlacek another reason for h.aving Youth Art Month is to let students realize 1hat not every class needs to be taken in order to prepare for a career, and that some classes, l.ike art classes, deal with the quality of life a stuc lent
Sedlacek feels art fulfills three very important aspects of a young persons world.
"Art puts work in their lives, a type of work for the sake of love and enjoyment. Second, art shows a form of values, whatever we make the picture or piece of art about shows a certain hierarchy of values. Third, it provides a form of communication," said Sedlacek.
There are still many events planned for the month, according to Sedlacek. A showing or junior high works will be presented in the media center, on March 21, with a reception for the artists.
Howard Kaye, a water color painter, will be in school on March 23. Kim Johnson, a potter and former LHS student, will be in school on March 27. A paper sculptor and a jeweler may also be coming if the art department can work it out, said Sedlacek.
Sedlacek plans to celebrate Vincent V angogh's birthday and other famous artists' birthdays that occur in March, at the musical on March 30. Youth Art Month was first initiated in the early 1960's by the American Crayon Company. It was endorsed in the 1970's by the National Art Education Association, said Sedlacek.
Junior Josh Davies is the first male in the history ofLHS .to make the varsity cheerleading squad, said cheer leading sponsor, Sheree Moser.
Davies said it was worth getting up in the morning for practices.
"The possibilities for future cheer- leading squads at Lincoln High have been completely opened up," he said.
"I'm excited that he made it, and I think it will b_ea fun year," said Moser. The 1990-91 Varsity squad is:
Senior Eric Peterson dona/es his blood for the Blood Drive on March 14.
Photo by Mark Janike
Larry Lusk, Associate Dean of Aris and Sciences al the University of Nebraska, plays piano for the stu.knt body at the op1ionalar/ assembly on March 2.
Nicole Frey, Natasha Jacobsen, Carrie McPherson, Chadran Ethridge, Nicole Leapley, Kelli Rankin, Jackie Fitzsimmons, Suzie Casillas, Krista Smith, Lori Kruzich, Kim Mefford, and Josh Davies. The 1990-91 Junior Varsity squad is: Angie Christiansen, Monica Wade, Paige Denn, Jody Remington, and Janice Platuz.
At the age of five, sleep is a vital torture ritual enforced by parents and mean babysitters. Pouting, whining and even fullblown temper tantrums have been brought on by the suggestion of "bed-time". Adults are envied by the very young. Children listen enviously to late-night laughter and wide-awake "grownup" conversations Jong after having been condemned to dark bedrooms. Grown-ups watch rated R movies, engage in allnight conversations and participate in many covert and mysterious activities during the mystical night-time.
Periwinkle
By Tina Koeppe
And now, the child who longed to stay up late craves the opportunity to sleep. He or she dreams of evenings when bed is reached by 8 P.M. Naps are rare treats--enjoyed whenever the chance is made available. Long-distance car trips provide opportunity for a few hours of precious slumber. (No more games of "license plate counting" for the average yoi.ng adult, sleep is more precious). A ticked -off, pajama clad parent no longer interupts 2 A.M. telephone coversations, the calls are ended at the mutual understanding of exhaustion. Loud protests may be heard when a quiet environment is not provided. Any noise-making human or animal has the possibility of l1aving the words, "I am trying to sleep!" screeched at them. (Even at noon on Sunday.) Younger brothers and sisters are told to stop playing that noisy Nintendo game, bouncing the tennis ball against the side of the garage, running the vacuum cleaner in the room above the all-hallowed bedroom, using the food processor to crush ice-cubes, and to cease all breathing. Such commands are usually greeted with a rolling of eyes and the determination to continue the detested activity at a much
louder decibel. Some have wondered what would h appen if a person would never fall asleep. A philosophy somewhere explains that one may die from exhaustion and be sent to a type of hell where he/ she is constantly jerked from a newly comfortable sleep. Wire would secure eyelids to remain open (in grotesque Clockwork Orange style), beds made of razor sharp nails would beckon to painfully exhausted victims, and any form of sleep would be prohibited.* Different forms of sleeJJ exist and each one has been experienced by most people at one time or another; for sleep is universal. Healthy sleep occurs when the semi-tired person takes time out to don pajamas, brush teeth thoroughly, wash face and crawl under the covers. This variety of slef:p begins in the earlJY evening and ends not-too early in the morning. Healthy sleep is rare because partakers go to sleep when they want to--not when they need to. People who commonly participate in this kind of sleep are also the weirdos who never forget to make their beds and lay out clothes for the following day.
Nervous sleep occurs the night before big events. This sleep is categorized by much tossing and turning. Victims of nervous sleep often lie awake for hours bcfor,~ falling into unconsciousness. A trick to induce sleep is to pretend a prowler is in tJ1e house and lie in complete stillness, faking slumber as to not be bludgeoned to death by an imaginary Charles Manson. Nervous sleepers often make trips Lome kitchen and devour everything not needing dishes or intensive preparation, (microwaving however, is allowed). Some nervous sleepers are inclined to drink warm milk, which is rumored to help in the quest for sleep. The warm milk remedy for nervous sleep is not recommended unless the victim is exceedingly desperate, for most people have discovered warm milk causes meir bre:ath to smell similar to goat vomit upon awakening.
Exhausted sleep is the unwanted kind. This sleep forces it's way into late nights of homework and study sessions. Victims
wake up the next morning, completely dressed and sprawled over meir bed or desk top. None of the intended activities of the night are completed, and to conclude me tragedy, the victim will usually wake up late and have to rush to their intended destination. Exhausted sleep is not considered beneficial, for the person will find themselves concentrating as to not fall asleep during the course of the day. Sometimes people who encounter mis sleep are prone to take a "sleep day" or "mental health day" as to not cope with the prospect of joining civilization. Quick sleep is often me predecessor of exhausted sleep. Most commonly referred to as napping, participants of this sleep are often caught with their heads resting on desk tops, eyes closed and mouth gaping open (saliva suspended from lower lip is optional.) Much to me amusement of observers, tlie sleeper will make a sudden jerking movement and eitlier awaken or drift into a deeper realm of peace. Quick sleepers seek out every possible opportunity to catch a few moments of slumber. During breaks at school, these sleepers may be found curled up on a cot in tlie nurses office, or leaned back against a locker with eyes shut and body still.
And lastly, tliere is bored sleep. (This may possibly a conspiracy between the sleeper and sleep.) It occurs when rest is .of vital necessity but other obligations and responsibilities are begging for attention. This occurs when a person is not necessarily tired but merely bored silly. Rather man proceeding with the activity, the person falls (sometimes accidentally) into a deep sleep. Victims of bored sleep can be recognized by several traits. There is me glazed look in me eye, the pen that keeps falling out of their hand, the head that keeps nodding, me mouth that keeps falling open and finally, the loud thud of a head falling heavily upon
*Thisphilosophy was gleanedfrom the mind of Ti.no.M. Koeppe (1972- ). Koeppe is a professional high school studenJ whofinds great pleasure in sleeping.
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Guest Editorial by Greg Keller Administrative Aide/ Substitute teacher
Five days ago I celebrateda birthdaythat markedthe beginningof my last year of twentyhood.And althoughI like to think that I stoppedaging at 22, I realiz.edhow much has really changed in my lifetime.And I started to feel old.
I was born in a world without MTV, cable television, VCR's, personal computers, push button phones, microwave ovens, digital watches, or pocket calculators.{I remember when my father bought one of the very frrst "pocket"caJculatorsfor his employer.It was 5" x 7", had an 8-digit green readout, operated on electricityonly, and it added, subtracted,multiplied,and divided.It cost $500.)
John F. Kennedywas still alive and my President.Martin LutherKing,Jr. wasa name the majorityof the worldhadn't heard yet. Marilyn Monroe was still alive (and fooling aroundwith my President).I wouldhave to wait eight years to watch Neil Annstrong set foot on the Moon. The space shuttle was an idle fantasyat best.
Hardly anyone had a color T.V. No one knew what Vietnamwas. There was no such thingas light beer or diet pop. No one jogged. Cigaretteads were allowedon television.Nuclearpower was doodleson scratchpaper. No one knew what a Beatie was.
There were gas wars. (My motherpassed up a gas station that had gas for 29¢ a gallon because they didn't give glasses.)No one cared how many milesper gallontheircar got, and there was no such thing as a self-service station.
I wouldhave to wait 17 years to survivedisco unscathed. There were no movie theaters with more than one screen. Therewereno casettetapes.Eight trackshadn'teven shown up yet, only to disappeara few years later. People actually bought45's.
You couldn'tshow a woman'sbelly button on T.V., and married couples on T.V. slept in separate beds, fully clothed.Tennisracquetsand baseballbats were only made of wood.And McDonald'sstill countedburgerssold by the thousands.
When I think of all of these things, though, it makes me wonderwhat will happenin the years to come. Wlhattechnologicaladvanceswill we see before the end of the centw-y?We'll be able to tell the childrenof tomorrowthat we rememberwhentherewasa thingcalledthe BerlinWall and how good it felt to see it come down.
And maybe when we tell them what life was like for us, things like cancer and AIDS will be foreign concepts to them.Maybethey'lllaughwhenwe tell them that there was a time when we were actually afraid that we'd destroy ourselveswith nuclearweapons.
And hopefullywhen they come across terms like "pollution," "oil spill," and "endangeredspecies,"they'll have to look them up in the glossariesof history books, instead of seeing them on the front page of the newspaper.
Maybe growingolder won't be so bad after all.
The Staff:
Koeppe & Amy
McShane Brandy Toumhs
Matt Streckfuss
Vikram Jaswal
Todd Sandberg & Karen Nalezinek
Jessica Friendt & Jennifer Powell
Stephanie Godeker
Dan Koperski,Ali Johansen, Jack Dempsey,Mark Janike
ChristiePitts
Traci Bair, Mandi Cohen, Anne Crawford, Karl Edlund, Joshua Fritts, Brian Hart, Melissa Johnson, Danica O'Connell, Heidi Woerner, Mitch Hirt, Raebel Wagman,Mikahla Beutler, YolandaFewTails Andrew Fuller
Drew Davies, Todd Kapke
Wagner
Carolynn Goodwin
NE 68S02 22nd &" J
tests team's inte
By Vikram Jaswal
• The Lincoln High Academic Decathlon team placed fourth out of eight teams at the Nebraska Academic Decathlon state finals, Feb. 23-24, according to sponsor Jim Barstow.
Each member of the team competed in at least nine of the ten events, which included economics, fine arts, language and literature, math, science, social science, speech, interview, essay writing, and superquiz.
Barstow said the fact that students had to compete in so many areas encouraged wellrounded students.
"It really gives people a broad, classical education because it doesn't just stress one academic area," he said.
Each team is split into three divisions based on grade point average. The honors division includes "A" students; the scholastic, "B;" and varsity is for "C" students. This allows students to compete with others with similar ability, Barstow said.
In the honors division, senior Anne Crawford received first place overall with the most points earned in the competition. Crawford placed first in essay writing, math, and economics and second in fine arts and science. Junior Mitch Hirt, alternate in the honors division, was first in social science and second in science.
In the scholastic division, Lateef Johnson, senior, received third place in economics and interview. Sarah Henningsen, senior, placed second in fme arts. Senior Mike Wiles, alternate in the scholastic division, was frrst in social science and second in science.
Super quiz team members Robert Anderson,
1
Jim Bleed, Andrew Brown, Henningsen, Johnson, and Amanda Wunder took second place.
"It's quite an honor to win a medal because you're competing with the best and brightest in Nebraska," Barstow said.
He said he was aware of some LHS team members who thought one shouldn't receive awards for academics, instead he or she should learn for the sake of learning. However, once Lincoln High started receiving medals, that attitude changed.
"I don't think it perverts or prostitutes academics. Rather, it makes learning fun," he said.
Johnson agreed, and said academics are rarely rewarded.
"People get awards for athletics, but not as much (so) for academics," he said.
According to Barstow, to prepare for the competition, the team met Sunday afternoons for at least two hours. At these meetings, speakers would discuss certain areas of the competition, he said. Often, he or Steve Ferris, also a coach for the LHS team, would make presentations.
He said students prepared on their own time, as well. Anderson, senior, began reading one of the required books in June 1989. Barstow and Ferris encouraged students to study an hour each night, Anderson said.
"It's a team effort," Barstow said. "How much or how little you study will affect everyone."
Johnson said the team could not have done nearly as well as it did without Barstow and Ferris.
'They were the unifying spirit of the whole team," he said.
Close Up heads to ashington
By Jason Rodaway, journalism student
Close Up students have made their final payments ana wul be off to Washington, D.C., April 8-14. Fourteen students plan to attend this year's trip, according to Jim Stork, social studies teacher.
Jack Brestel, Close Up club sponsor, said the Capitol Hill Day, where students sit in and watch Congress in session, has been called off for the week the Lincoln schools will be in Washington, D.C. Congress will be adjourned that week.
'There is nothing we can do about it, it can happen at any time," said Brestel. He said Close Up is noted for last minute changes. J..,incoln
Lincoln G_risisl)regna11cy Center Free Pregnancy T csLing Confidential Counseling Al1crna1ives l'o Al-.c1Lion
"In a sense, I'm disappointed," added Brestel. Stork, who will be attending Close Up for the first time, also said he is disappointed. He adds that there should be plenty to do in Washington, D.C.
'The one thing that you won't miss is talking with your representative, because they only give a five to ten minute speech anyway," Brestel added. Neither Brestel or Stork know what will replace Capitol Hill Day. In the last Close Up meeting Brestel told Close Up participants that he would like them to visit Mount Vernon.
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Redfield
Drill Team camp this summer. The award allowed her to either go to Ireland or Hawaii to perform. She chose to go to Ireland. Redfield called various businesses around town to ask them to sponsor her $2,200 trip.
Support group formed
An adolescent support group is being started
crawford places
Senior Anne Crawford won second prize, $75 savings bond, at the regional Citizen Be contest at Doane College Saturday, March IO She will progress to the state fmals April 18 Seniors Brian Graves arid Troy Bishop a competed at the regional.
Jaswal, Ortega qualify Cory Ortega and Vikram
Scholarships awarded
discussed social life with Ar- g ·.· y aeliHigh School Delegation. abics, Jews, and neighboring countries. Anat Nevo and Alex Trachteniber answeredToe·v·1·s1·t was a ·p~o,iectof the Israel1'Fore·1g Uestionsc about Isra2li cultw:e. as ! teenager; Ministry and Min~tiy of Education and was including political issues concerning .the occu-
ewIS ommwnty ied territories and questions concerning the Center.
Educational Information & Materials: 4 76- 7521 24-hour Information Line: 476-9457 Confidential Medical Services: 4 76- 7526
1nese fOVl es IllSl
By Mitch Hirt
The sound of Chinese can be heard echoing through the halls of LHS. This sound can be ttacedtoroorn 102. whereduringfustandsecond · periods. Celine Robertson leads her students in their pursuit to learn Chinese.Now in their fust year, the Chinese classes serve as an alternative to some of the more traditional foreign languages
Thegoalof mastering Chinese guides the class through many different areas of learning, Rvbatson said. Some of these areas include learning Chinese customs, history, geography, arts, crafts and games.
'The class provides more understanding as a whole, toward the Chinese culture and its people," said Robertson.
The students learn by means of actual involvement, said Robertson. Class activities have included cooking ttaditional Chinese foods, using caligraphy, recognizing Chinese holidays, and studying the Chinese government, she said.
Robertson said other projects, such as Chinese
knotting (the art of tying string into certain designs for making ornaments, .keychains and necklaces) are also a part of the everyday learning process. The students play Chinese games, like Chinese Chess, which is similar to the American game of chess.
Junior Ularan Blann is taking Chinese in preparation for a future visit to the Orient.
'1t is important to know a language that so many people in the world speak," Blann added. Blann said over 2,000 characters comprise the Chinese alphabet; this adds more difficulty to the
_ensors • 1 is immaturit
She paused at the top of the stairs, listening. A soft voice sang from the bedroom door. "l{ello darkness my oldfriend, I've come to talk with you again. Because a vision softly creeping left its seed while I was sleeping ." She threw open the door. ''What is that music?" -
The Reaper's Closet
by Andrew Fuller
"Simon and Garfunkel, mom." The teenage boy looked up from his reading.
"Darkness? Creeping dreams? It's about Satanism and possession, isn't it?!" she hissed, her eyes wide.
''No, mom. It's about--"
"What's that book you're reading?!" She pointeda finger.
"'Huckleberry Finn.' It's for LiL class."
'"Huck Finn'?! The language in that is awful! You can't read that! When Tiffi and Huck are on the raft with their shirts off-- Well " Mom swallowed nervously. "You know."
"Homosexuality, mom?" The teenager closed · his book. 'There's nothing wrong with it. Besides, it wasn't Twain's intent at all."
"You just don't know." Mom held forth her hand. "Give me that book, and the tape."
"But, mom--"
"No. No arguments. I can't believe this filth. All these terrible messages. You don't realize how you're being corrupted. It's good that I'm here to watch over."
He stood, gave her the book, and moved past her. "111go downstairs and watch a movie on the VCR."
"Watch what?" she snapped.
'"Stand By Me'."
'That has the most vulgar language I have ever heard."
"It's about growing up, mom, about boyhood."
'111have to go through our video tape collection. All those horror movies and violent shows."
-She rushed down the stairs to clean out the video library.
The teenager stood at the top of the stairs in silence.
He sat in the bathtub, half-submerged, his jeans clinging to his legs. His hand shook and trembled, hovering with the razor blade over his bare wrist.
"No." Something dark stood in the doorway. It had no form, just presence with deep blackness,
like a piece of empty night sky. The long blade of its scythe rested on its shoulder, sending a ripple over the black cloak. "Not yet, boy. There is much left. Do not be foolish."
"It's my mom, she's taking everything away. Everything. I won't be able to read, listen or watch anything."
'Talk with her."
"She's too conservative, too close-minded. She's from a different generation. She doesn't trust my intelligence or judgement. And I'm not even involved in any conttoversial material at all."
"Suicide is not the solution, child."
"I have to live under her smothering until I go to college. I won't even make it to college because I'll fail my classes, cuz she's taking my assigned books away!"
"Death comes when Death is ready. Live in your given time." The Reaper turned, floated off in silence. "I will speak with her."
The boy set down the razor blade and stepped out of the tub, dripping water on the carpet.
"That's right, Joan. I'll see you on Thursday night." The mom hung up the phone. She checked off the last name on her list. The new Parental Censorship Council would call to order that week. She noticed a yellowed, rolled piece of paper next to her list. Curious, she read through its spidery etchings.
Censorship is immaturity. Power figures develop insecurities about their own abilities to present mature material to learners, and subsequently attempt to hide the material. Because of students that are improperly taught, or ones that abuse the privilege of mature material, those who seek knowledge are barredfrom learning. It is no solution to keep everyonefrom learning, but to give freedom of self-taught time, and monitoring of the dijference between the mature and immature.
She tossed the old scroll piece off the desk, and rose from the chair. Something tapped her shoulder, she sat. A silver, ragged blade arcedoverher collarbone from behind. Something cold chilled her heart and spine, she trembled... and knew something lurked behind.
It remained for stretched minutes, silent and haunting. Just when she expected scenes of her life to flash before her, and see a light at the end of a dark tunnel. the thing was gone.
Without sound, the Reaper moved off through the wall, into the night.
She knew, deep within, that one day, it would return for her.
task of learning the language.
Robertson said the main purpose of the class is to lay out a general knowledge base of the Chinese language. Robertson and several of her students agree the language is not as difficult as most believe.
"It is actually more difficult to teach English to Chinese students," she said.
Senior Brian Geer said many people are fearful of taking Chinese because it is so different from English, with respect to reading and writing. Geer said he likes the fact that there are no verb
tenses to learn, so Chinese is much easier than other languages.
Robertson said Chinese is not like English at all, which is good because then there is less confusion in mixing the languages. She said the difficulty arises in PinYin, the phonetics of the Chinese language. This pronunciation involves four tones: the besic sounds of Chinese letters. With a limited number of sounds in the language, the tones lend more flexibility.
Ideas for this class originated at Everett Junior High, where Robertson teaches two classes. Next year, a third-year class will be added to the program for high school students who want to go on with the language. as well as for in-coming junior high students who have been involved with the program on the junior high level.
Senior Amanda Wunder is a student in the frrstyear class.
"Most people ar~.without any exposure to the non-Western world," said Wunder. "By taking Chinese, one can learn more about this ignored culture."
Nintendo inds home at LHS
By Mikhala Beutler
First video games hit fast food restaurants and shopping malls, and then they were found in homes across America, in the back seat of the station wagon, and on the wrists of school- going children everywhere. Now there is Nintendo.
Nintendo is at Lincoln High. According to student council sponsor, Randy Ernst, it is here to stay. "It is defmitely addictive," said Ernst with a grin of experience. He suggested the Nintendo
''It's better than drugs or anything.''
--Chad Lyons
tournament was the major cause of the high attendance at the Valentine's dance, held Feb. 9.
'There were always 50 or 60 people standing around watching," he added, along with the idea that if the interest is there why not use it?
And the interest is there.
"I love football and anything to do with it," said Dan Mcpherson, who tied for frrst place with Chad Lyons in the Tecmo Bowl championship -
held at the dance. Lyons agreed the sports is what interests him, but he also feels playing Nintendo is a better alternative than doing other things.
'1t's better than drugs or anything." Lyons said. He explained Nintendo is something you can do with your friends or by yourself just to passthe time. He also said it is a fun thing to do when filling free time but not something he would plan his evening activities around.
Kelby Hansen, champion of both Super Mario Brothers and Tetris, agreed with Lyons.
''When I'm bored, I play," said Hansen. Lincoln high gained possesion of a nintendo system when Ernst bought it to use for psychology experiments.
The object was to fmd how people performed under different pressures or situations. For example, do boys perform better, worse, or the same when girls are watching and vice versa; do people perform better under time limits or with no time restraint.
Whether it is at a Lincoln High function, a friends house, or in the back of the station wagon, there are Nintendos to be played.
....,,otnpactdiscs replace LPs
By Yolanda Fewtails
"Farewell" to the old and "Hello" to the new. This is what most music oriented people are saying and doing these days.
The competition between the vinyl LP and the compact disc has been unde~ay for some time now.
The victorious defeat was made by the compact disc. The LP now accounts for only a small percentage of many record retailers' sales, and this small proportion is mainly of 11~v. releasr.s.
"Lp's are on their way out, the major record labels are phasing them out or at least1hats wl1at · they claim," said Vince, clerk at Twisters Music Shop.
The consumers that go to music stores ask that there be a wider variety of tapes and CD's, so the stores have to make room for them by getting rid of some of the selection of LP's. It's certain that not all LP's will be taken off of the shelves, but maybe changed over to compact discs. The older more significant LP's have already converted to CD's.
'There is a big market for putting vintage, more older music onto CD's," said Jim Simon, Pickles Music Shop.
The price on compact discs seem to make no difference on it's sales, and some students here at LHS don't seem to mind the difference either.
'The price doesn't matter," said junior, Erik Finkler. "I would buy a compact dlSCif it was the kind of music that I liked, and I would want it to last longer, and of course I would want great sound quality."
Students don't seem to mind the expensive change from cassette player to a CD player which ranges from $150 and above.
"I would shop for a compact disc that I like and buy it without really looking at the price, and also it would give my mom a hint to buy a compact disc player," said Jen Fowler, junior. At some time soon the LP's demise will be evident, because the plug will be pulled by the manufacturers of LP's.
By Mandi Cohen
Wood c..-rashingagainst cement and fast paced wheels speeding across concrete are the sounds of skilled skateboarders, but these are not the sounds of downtown.
The Lincoln City Police Department's key objective for banning skateboards in the congested downtown commercial district is public safety.
Commander of Traffic Lt. Frank Row'=! , of the Lincoln Police Department, said a city ordinance_~ ~w e n t into affect three >,._ years ago ban- _, ning the operation of skateboards in the downtown commer• cial district. Sk atcrs are stopped and given warnings or tickets when the police see them or when people complain, he said.
"Warnings and tickets are given at thediscretion of the officer, depending on what has been commited." Rowe said.
'There is no guarantee you won't receive a ticket the frrst time you are stopped."
Phil Burcher, owner of Precision Skate Board, said the city ordinance went into effect to preventskaters from getting hit.
"Kids are dumb and don't look out for themselves," said Burcher, "There isn't an answer to what you'd do about downtown skateboarding, because kids are going to go down there regardless. It's pretty obvious to me that giving kids tickets isn't doing any good, because they're still going down there."
Many Lincoln High School students have been affected by this city ordnance. Skateboarding is
riters'
a source of transportation for many, as well as a source of entertainment and fun.
Karey Olson, senior, started skateboarding last summer as her main source of transportation because she does not have her drivers' license.
"I don't know or understand the rules and laws," she said. " I don't under:stand why it is illegal to skate downtown, and I think cars can create as much, or more, damage as skateboards," Olson said. Jumior Josh Shear has been skating for three years. He has received two warnings for skating downtown, one has been filed and documented at the police station It is on his permanent record. He says the ordinance went into affect because people were upset by skaters being rude or being in the way. The ordinance is outdated and was set because of a few bad apples, he said. There is more to do downtown where you do not have to pay $5 .50 to get into a skate ramp. Skateboarding is not that big of a deal and police just have something personal against skaters, he said.
"We need concrete to skate, and the biggest source of it is downtown," said Shear. ~W C W d I i,41/f;,f ara oo son, Junior, skates for transportation. She skates to her job which is downtown. She has been stopped by the police a few times and has received a warning ; " I think the entire issue is highly overexaggerated," Woodson said.
fOVl
or creative ta ent
I speak, written symbols. This world confines me, a plastic bag over my mind suffocates my true self.
--Andrew Fuller
y Heidi Woerner
Creativity is a trait which many possess, but not all are able to express. A special type of person is needed in order to communicate and entertain through writing. Many of these people are part of Writers' Club.
Writers' Club readings are a wonderful opportunity for these writers to get together and
'' (their writing) shows their wn individuality. 11
--Mary Dickinson
hare their work with others who are interested in iting, said MaryDickinson, the club's sponsor.
On club day, they meet in the back of the afeteria. On this particular day, eight females d twelve males showed up. Dickinson passed ut information regarding a poetry contest. en, the students split into four groups of about ee to five people.
Everyone was eager to read what they wrote, hile the others in the group listened attentively. tcr a person fmished reading, the rest would ffer constructive criticism and discuss other
ideas pertaining to the story, poem, play, or essay.
Some of the writers chose to write about their own personal experiences, while others chose to be purely creative All of their work is original.
"It (their writing) shows their own individuality," said Dickinson.
The individual readings lasted thirty minutes. They decided to end the meeting by having
Mike Wiles, senior, read a very emotional, gutwrenching story. He told it with such anger and effect, that his voice shook when he talked and his hand gripping the paper turned a shade of purple. When he fmished, he calmly sat down while the audience slowly came out of shock.
Monica Jackson, sophomore, enjoys writing about her feelings through poetry. She gets her ideas from the way others treat her.
"It's the best way I have to express myself," Jackson said.
On the other hand., Andrew Fuller, senior, prefers to write short stories which show reality with a little bit of fantasy on the side.
"It's a form of expression," Fuller said. "I don't write for myself. I like knowing I did a sufficient job creating something others enjoy."
By Karl Edlund
" Hej, jag kan inte tala engel.!'ka." English as a Second Language (ESL) students at LHS have · the same problem as you had now; they can't understand what you're saying all the time.
LHS has all the high school ESL students in Lincoln, about 46. The ESL students are divided into four different levels, based on earlier testing.
According to Christy Tisdale, ESL teacher, some of the students have never been in school before, and the students that have are often used to totally different education systems. Most of the students are expect much more memorizing, said Tisdale.
In the frrst year, students learn only English, in the same fashion as when American students begin to learn Spanish, said Tisdale. They learn totally from scratch with the language's bases. As students progress in English, they are merged into other classes, such as history. Eventually, the students have a regular schedule, she said. It can also be hard for the student in an aspect that doesn't involve school. Some of the students didn't even want to come here, but had to for of different reasons, said Tisdale. Sophomore Eng Ly Chung, ESL student from Cambodia, came here because of war in her home-country.
Marco Aguero, sophomore, said that he had to come here from Venezuela for a quite different reason: his dad was going to study here.
When Aguero came here he knew no English, but now he has few problems understanding, he said. It's only the science and technical language that are hard, he added.
Sophomore Anh Nguyen, from Vietnam, said
anguage
she knew very little English before she came here, but now she's becoming more proficient every day.
Chung said that the hardest parts of English are listening when someone is speaking or when she is watching a movie.
This problem with the language can cause some trouble, but Aguero said American students don't care much if he doesn't always use the correct words. But ifhe uses Spanish when he talks to other Spanish students, the American students feel bad, he said, because they think the Spanish students are talking about them.
Tisdale said American students feel a bit put off and offended when the ESL students are speaking in their native language.
But most of the time, ESL students are ignored by many other students. It would be much better for the ESL students' English if American students talked to them, Tisdale said. However, the ESL students are very shy so they have a hard time to get to know American students, she said. Nguyen said that she doesn't have a lot of American friends, and most of the friends she has are just people she says "hi" to in the halls.
When ESL students are in the stage that they are starting to make friends, they are in a higher level of English than when they began at LHS. When the ESL students have gone through the last level of learning, they speak English well. And instead of saying, "Hi, I can't speak English," as they said in their own language in the beginning they now say, "Hi, do you speak English, dude?"
occer an ase
New season brings new coaches
By Todd Sandberg
As the spring season starts, two new varsity coaches prepare to teach and to learn. Jeff Venema, the new girls' soccer coach, and Jean Henrichs, the new track coach.
Venema was last year's sophomore baseball coach. He desired to run his own varsity program. He played soccer in California and has soccer strong background, so it seemed to be a good chance to be on a varsity level, said Venema.
Venema would like to establish a program which would measure up to Southeast's.
'They (Southeast athletics) are winners, if we compete with them we've done our job," said Venema.
Soccer, whicl1 is relatively new in Lincoln, is looking to compete on the same level as schools in Omaha.
"Lincoln needs to set up programs at the Junior High level in soccer," said Venema. "Last year they lost to Omaha Gross 14 - 0 which is like
losing 96 - 0 in a football game. We play Gross our third game and it will be a good chance to measure ourselv·es."
"I'd really like to coach soccer lmtil I retire." said Venema.
Jean Henrichs is this years new head coach for track. This is not the frrst time he has coached at Lincoln High, Henrichs coached girls from 1978 through 1983. Besides coaching, he was part of Wymore State's track team when he was a junior. In the 1970's, he was part of "age group track," and South Lincoln Track Club.
The last six years he has been in business in Illinois.
"What I missed most, during those six years, was the coaching." said Herrrichs.
This spring, Henrichs expects the track team to be competitive.
"Wc have people from last year that will score in most events," said Herrrichs, "we'll be fighting for top ten at State this year."
Intramural All-Star Teams
by Karen Nalezinek and Womens' by Todd Sandberg
Ill S flll seasons
The opening week of competition for the girls' • soccer team, will give the 1team an idea how they will stack up against some of the better teams around the state, said varsity coach Jeff Venema. Their season opener is against Omaha Central
enMarch 19. They have to play their frrst inter-
Tupa, Kim Payne, Becky Wichelm, StephMeyer, Jenny Christie, Tanya Teater, Nicki Spickelmier, Kelley Phelps, and Erica Harker.
The varsity baseball team enters the season with city game against Linco!Jll East, on March 22. six returning lettei111et1,seniors Todd Sandberg, With just nine letterwinn,ers back this year t, in- JimGibson, Bryan Hudkins and Chad Francisco experience might hurt the team at frrst, but the and juniors, Jason Loth and Dave Kulwicki, team will make it up with tlhere feisty approach to according to head coach Sam Sharpe. the game said venema. · · "I'm very optimistic about the season, we have Junior Bettina Baker said it will take some time a lot of veiy Capable players that can handle • for the team to get to know who can do what and make all the parts fit togetther.
"For the team to have a successful season, we ·have to keeping on playing and never letup, and support the others on the team no matter what happens during a game or altpractice," said Baker.
This is the first year that the girls' soccer team has had a junior varsity soccer team, The junior varsity coach is Randy Eruest.
This years varsity teamincludes Seniors Alexa Green, Veronica Ybarra, Rachel Lage, Siri Willoch, and Lisa Abernathy, juniors Mikhala Beutler.Michelle Wade, Lynette Baker, Bettina Baker, Renae Skibinski, sophomores Stacy Harrop, Kim Jochum, Carrie McPherson, Monica Wade, Sara Schoen, Jennifer Klein, and Becky Witt, freshmen Amy Loth, Ingrid Kirst, and Melissa Abernathy.
According to Sharpe, the first game of the season against Millard South, March 27, is one of the harder games of the season.
"We don't have any one particular standout", added Sharpe. "Many of the players have experience playing together and work well together. I'd like to see everyone standout together."
The Millard North Tournament (against Millard North,West Side, and Lincoln East)will be another challenge for the team.
'The team has worked hard in the previous years of baseball and also overs the summers, they're hard-working, we should have a good season," Sharpe said
This year's team also includes seniors Sandberg, Gibson, Hudkins, Joel Nelson, Scott Johnson, Lonnie Gates and Brad Runge, juniors
Brian Nuns, Justin Kuntz, Pat Westland and Mike Casement, and Freshman Bryce Barnett.
eserve reco
Support of athletic teams, especially women's athletics, is pitiful here. Sometimes, I think the student body forgets women athletics represent the school. Why do football and boys basketball gain the biggest support from
Behind Home Plate
By Christie Pitts
the student body? Plenty of sports as well as other boys sports are just
and boys' slam dunk. How many times do you actually see a slam dunk in a boys' basketball game?
Some would say athletic teams are not the only ones that aren't getting the support. But how are we s11pposed to suppport other activities when often two or more events are
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going on at the same day and time, For instance, on January 27 the girls basketball tean1 hosted number - two-rated Norfolk. Joynight was going on simultaneously. It was a big game for the team, because the night before the girls' basketball programwon its 200th game. It's was a little embarrassing when your opponent has a bigger crowd than the home team does. Scheduling two events on the same day(especially when both the boys and the girls basketball teams had students participating in both basketball and Joynite) causes conflicts for students deciding what activity they should get involved in. Another incident this year was the Valentine's Day Dance. Although a few Student Council members tried to have the date changed to a day when no other activity was scheduled. But the dance was scheduled, for the second time of my three years here, on the night of an out of town girls' basketball game. Several girls were nominated for royalty at the dance, but they did not get a chance to represent themselves. Why couldn't the Valentine's Day Dance be after a girls home game, instead of always going by tradition?
The 80's was the first full decade for women athletics, but women have been participating in high school sports since the mid 70's. Still, people in this society haven't reached the point when they can say that both sexes are equal in any activity they do.
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Photo by Dan Koperski
Senior Lisa Abernathy practices her shot during soccer practice.
By Heidi Woerner
Spirit Week and Brown Bag Day pro;.
vided a.break from the normal routine for -studentsand teachers, last week.
Although Brown Bag Day was held inside due to inclement weather, students showed a lot of spirit during the week, said Student Council member Joel Nelson.
"The purpose of Spirit Week was to unite the students by having a variety of silly activities and doing. good things together," said Nelson.
The enthusiasm was expressed on Stripe Day, but there was a lot of hype for Disco Day said Student Council sponsor Randy Ernst. The students with the best costumes were awarded pies on Halloween in April day.
Halloween in April Day and Brown Bag Day were both on Friday. Students were able to take all three lunches,and participate in many activities. Student Council president Jay Davis said the purpose of Brown Bag Day was to relieve tension.
"Therearen't any breaks until the end of the year, so it was kind of our break," said Davis.
Thiiiyear, less people stnyed at school for the festivities due to the rain.
"I woke up today thinking it would be
Brown Drag Day," said Ernst There were good activities in the gyms which includeda local handmadeup ofLHS students, a rap contest, a frisbee-throwing
contest, a costume and pie-eating contest, basketball and Nerf football.
A fifth period assembly regarding the / Quiz Bowl tournament also took place on •_ : · Brown Bag Day. Team K, teachers Jim >< Barstow, Ross Tegler, LeEtta Sprackling Ji and Ruth Kupfer, beat Team J , Anne •-•· · Crawford, Robert Amderson, Lateef Johnson and Sarah Hennigsen, in a tie- / i breaker sudden- death qu1estion.
Ernst said the Student Council purposely · tied them together for the sake of the teach- •· ers, because students aire usually pretty __ wound up after lunch.
Brown Bag Day has be~n occurng annu- l ally since the 70's. It depends on how the · students treat it if we have it in the future.
"It's never guaranteed," s:aidErnst.
"It can't be somethingwe take for granted."
Two music groups: Varsity Swing Choir and Jazz Band will be traveling out of the state to participate in competitions. Jazz Band will be going to Greeley, Colo. April 26-28 for a jazz festival sponsoredby the University of North Colorado. Varsity and prep jazz band members will be going to the festival for the third time. The bands receive ratings instead of places because Terry Rush, band director, says he tries to avoid placement competitions which rate bands frrst, second,or third.
"I feel placement competitiontakes something away from the music," he said
· Varsity: ChrisBlaine,Jeff Jackson,DanwnLee, KellyNosal; MarkWallace, saraphones. Erin Beave, Jim Lange, Holly Moreno, Eric Schuly, JoeSpicha, trumpets.Dave Davis,Marki.Arson, MelissaLuedtke, Joel Meints,trombones.RichardMeints,piano. ShamusAdams,guitar. Glen Smith, bass. Clay Stryker, drums.
Prep Jazz: Jennifer Brown, Julie Cassel, Tom DeFreece, Spencer Duncan, Aaron Scholting, saxaphones. Brian Caughron and Chris
Johnson, trumpets. Corey Nelson and Loren Rye, trombones. Deah Ha"iot and Jamie Sherl'Vood,piano. FanchonMcKinney,bass. Bryan AfcCoyand Joe Gatto, drums.
Varsity Swing Choir will travel to St. I.ouis, May 4-6 to compete in the Alll~erican Festival.
The group is directed by Barbara Ludernan.
''We decided to go to a large contest instead of a lot of local ones," said Ludemann.
To prepare for the contest, the group performed twice at Square Don April 6. They also have. various concerts around town, includingits performancein All City Swing Choir Night
In addition to preparing songs, the group has been working to raise funds for its trip, which should cost about $3,500.
Varsity Swing Choir: Blake Alexander, Tim Coleman,, Kerstin Deppe, Angie Dobbertien, Kristi Pilarski,Sam Gaines,KristenHoakansen, VikramJaswal, Jason Koelzer, Melissa Landis, l.AraLuetchens,ChrisMcGinty,Monty Polivka, Burkett Powell, Matt Rotherham, and Aubrie Washburn.
TM MW 1990-91 Pomalinks fniftHm to "Get Upu at the Spirit Rally last Thursday.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Dong Nguyen poses as E-ZWriter lo sell the App/iea Economic pencils.
Shipp's band,
Day.
Senior Gabe Korn won a pie for the Halloween in April Day contest.
Photo by Ali Johansen
900 ekmentary school children ate l1111Ch at Lincoln High before attending
2 April 16, 1990
ADVOCATE
Abortion deserves analysis o principles
It floated in some soft liquid. The sounds it heard are few, muffled to quiet. The universe was close and wann, carried it through whatever lies on the outside. It had always been, for as long as it has known. Only had it grown inside the universe. It was curled, head down to meet its bent arms and legs. Sometime though, it knew, it would grow and it would leave the soft, quiet universe, to pass into the outside.
The Reaper's Closet by Andrew
Fuller
Listening to the rhythm of the beat within itself, it became suddenly aware of another in its universe. The other was not a presence, but more of an absence. The new thing was the existence of a nothing. It was darker than the one dark color of the universe, and cold. It crept and danced and swirled.
"What are you?" it asked of the other, the blacker. The thing did not yet reply. Somehow it was soaring and gliding through the small, tightness of the universe. Finally, it settled. "I am the one that takes," the new thing said.
"There is nothing here for you to steal." The growing life looked around "There is only nie."
Lifting its dark head, it revealed the hollowness, the abyss that dived from face down throat, to the core. A sharpblade on a stick lay in the thing's lap. "I will call · you Fetus," it said in a whisper.
"Fetus?" The curled life played with the word. "I have never had a name. Thank you. It seems to fit."
Fems rolled, twitched, smiling. "What can I call you?"
"I am the Reaper. Death."
, "Oh," said Fetus, "Death. That sounds scary."
"For some, it is frightening, te11ifying."
"And," Fetus paused, "You said you take?" Fetus gasped
"You want to take me."
"Yes." The Reaper rustled and stirred. "Usually I just take. Though, now, I fmd I want to talk with you beforehand."
"Take me where?" Fetus asked.
"Away." Reaper wc>uldsay no more than that. It perched on Fetus' knee "I want to know how you feel about leaving."
Letters to the Editors: bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
"Who decided I had to leave?"
"Mother and Father."
"Who are they?"
Reaper sat in silence. It rolled the bladed stick imits absent hands. "Mother is this universe. You grow in Mother until you leave."
"Then I go outside?" Fetus said almost anxiously "If you are born, you go into the world. It has light and wind and people."
"Light?People?"
"Though, if I take you, then you must go away from both here and the outside,be with me, perhaps return again."
There was a silence between them. Fetus though1 t in SOIIOW as Reaper waited, partly in regret
"Why do the people outside get to decide?" Fetus asked, its tiny voice pitching in want and sadness. "There are times when they may not be able to care for you fully."
Fetus curled tighter. The black presence stayed.
"It's not fair," Fetus said in a timid whimper.
"That," Reaper returned quietly, "Is why I want to talk with you." It watched the small face, making reactions to emotions. It wanted to comfort the new child, touch its chin, but could only take.
Fetus looked up slightly. "Do you take many of us who grow in Mothers?" • · "When those outside make the decision," Reaper sighed that it was so. It tried to console the child. "I want to know if you really feel cheated and neglected."
"Why would you care?" Fetus hissed.
Stunned by the anger, Reaper waited in silence. Then"Because it is one of the few situations in which I am not always forewarned,and do not control. I must collect" "Why? Collect what?" ,
"It is what I am, and all I know. Collect your soul."
"I guess I wouldn't want to go to the outside if I would be too much trouble." The sadness and anger began to pass from the child. ·
"Yet, still, it is not the way of Death. Each time, each child, each parent-- it could be right or wrong. One guideline cannot encompass all cases. There is planned child, foolishness without precaution, and rape.'"
"Is it right or wrong now, Reaper?" Fetus askedl "We must continue to talk of it"
Dear ~d1tors: I would like to take this opportunity to commend Brandy Toombs on her stand against the useof profanity by teachers and students. It is very difficult to express a controversialopinion including two very opinionated groups. ·
I personally believe profanity does more to damage the communicationprocess than any other use of language. It is not ~ssary to ~se emotions to express oneself, when the intellectualprocess of debate is just as effective. I realize profanity and slang are very commonly used by the teenagers all over the United States and the context of when it is used does need to be considered. But, when it comes to damaging self-esteemand feeli~gs we all need to think about what we say and how we treat others ' We do influence the lives of those we come in contact with. Let's make sure it's the "right kind" of influence. --S. Moser, home economics educator
Editors: I'm writing you express my opinion about a commentaryin the last Advocate by Brandy Toombs. I don t mean to be cruel, but I think Brandy should keep her nose out of everyone's business. I was in the sameclass w~ a ~her used a "_swear~ord", as s~e put it The reason he said it was becauseour class was being loud and talking while he was tf?1ngto give our assignment for the day. He apologized to the class. The people I asked (teachers and ~~dents 1~the class where the incident occurred) agree with me, that what the teacher said was not very ~vere. In addibon, I think Brandy should apologize to the staff for comparing them to a bunch of truck drivers. Believe me, not all teachers use the same language as truckers. -Tom Roti, Junior b
Dear Editors: ~nregard to co~~entary by Brandy Toombs (Man:h 15), I commend the Advocate for being a f~ for real _ISSues.Vul~anty 1sdiscouragedby Lincoln High policy, but it takes a lot of courage to speak out against authonty. Brandy 1sto be commended for her willingness. · · ~tter _wayto e~~rience public debate than to discuss realistic issues at a personal level? Public debate means an mdivtdual 1struly willing to speak up for what they believe. Certainly, the young people of Hungary and R,omania had to know the power of "speaking out".
Stating opinions in open debate should imitate the policies of democratic forum. It should be respectful and humane. These are lessons that will serve our youth in good stead--Mrs. Gladi Helm, home economics educator ~~h~h~hb~hbhhhhhhhhhhbh Cal~forn1anv1ce-prmcipal impressed with Lincoln High
DearEditors,
I'm writing this letter to you as an educator and t.oshare with you my general impressionof your school. I live and work in California and was in Lincoln diiring early March for a visit with my family. As an assistantprincipalof a high school in Lodi, Californiawith a studentbody of a little over three thousand, I was interested in seeing another high school in operation. My overall impression was most positive and frankly, reassuring. It was clear to me that as students you must have a strong feeling of pride in your school. I honestly couldn't believe how absolutely clean ·
hallways and lockers as well looked very good. Whatever you're doing has to be right to give off such a positive impression. · ·
It was indeed a most interestingand gratifyingexperience as an educator to visit with your principal and to tour your · school. It appearsthat you have a healthy respect for your environmentand you are to be commended on conveying · such a positive image to an outsider. ·
Sincerely,·
Kaethe McDaniel Assistantprincipal of Tokay High School, Lodi California
School spirit lies in eye of the .beholder
Rumors abound by the multitudes. Clusters of staff and students shake their martyred heads. "School spirit is dead," they whine. They dream of old sit-corns, where every teenager lived and breathed high school and where the stereo-types of school spirit were epitomized within "Happy Days" reruns. Yearbooks from the 50's purttay teenage life as surroundingschool functions and being a massive exercise in school patriotism.
Attendanceat football games, membershipin spirit groups and participation at school dances and enthusiasm displayed at pep rallies were sure signs of the spirited student of years gone by. Most everybody knew the words to the school song, and the score of the previous week's baseball game was not as obscure as it is today. For most students is no longer true And thus the claim is made, "school spirit is dead." ·
Contrary to the pessimistic fallacy, spirit is actually alive and writhing in our hallowed learning institution In order to recreate the idealistic portrait (circa 1950), spirit is often pressured and forced into the school atmosphere. Genuine spirit cannot be contrived, but must come naturally. Spirit exists naturally in the notso-obviousaspects of the high school career.
Spirit has matured. The new high school student is more future oriented and practical. A great deal of students have jobs, more students plan on continuing their educations and many are attempting to gain their independence. Not everyone has the time or desire to attend each athletic event and dance. Today's high school student has different goals and chooses to spend his/her time participatingin activities very different from those thirty years ago.
So much spirit seeped through the halls during spirit week that one might have accidentally fallen into the enthusiasm, or at least have been exposed to the contagious mood. Many could not resist the magnetic pull of get-up-and-go-day,funky hair day, disco day, stripe day and Halloween costume day. Some students dressed up for all five days, others chose not to. Student Council should be commended for its efforts towards re-establishinga sense of spirit (an updated variety).
The way in which we participate in various activities attests to our sense of pride. Striving and achieving good grades, participating in extra-curricularactivities and competing in athletics are more modem forms of spirit.
The 50's are long gone, today's young adults are more independent and mature. Real spirit needs to be recognized and praised. Look around, open your eyes and witness the spirit.
The Staff:
Tina Koeppe & Amy Folmer
Jeanne Mcshane
BrandyTounibs
Matt Streckfuss
Vikram Jaswal
Todd Sandberg & Karen Nalezinek
Jessica Friendt & Jennifer Powell
StephanieGodeker
Dan Koperski,Ali Johansen, Jack Dempsey,Mark Janike
Christk Pitts
Traci Bair, Mandi Colren, Karl &llund,loshua Fritts, Brian Hart, Melissa Johnson, Danica O'Connell,Heidi Woerner, Mitch Hirt, Rae/relWagman, Milr.ahlaBeiuler,YolandJJFewTails
Andrew Fuller
Drew Davies, Todd Kapke Betsy Wagner
~tlonctu6iss nsonnseveffitevehts toc ffi m r is1fyiit@stressth e im dariceor res&vationan:dcont/
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Photo by All Johansen and
hammer is 11Sedto break the block,
Stwunts dressw. wp in Senior Dong Ng"Yen (pictured), senior Kevin McGrath, and math teacher John Matzke par-
ticipated in the Bed of Nails.
ers
strive to en stereot
By Tina Koeppe and Ali Johansen, Lincoln High
prospectiveplaces for bands to play are afraidof violence or attractingthe police. Adamssaid that they're"notwilling to sacrificefor anyculture."
Brownagreesadding,"A majorproblem with the scene in Lincoln is thatthe people in chargeof placeswhereshowscanbeheld,don'ttakeyounger people seriouslyand make it as difficult as possible to put on shows. What thescene JW!lSs;,. an adult who would be willing to act asspolce..pason fortheyouthofthescene, someone who would be taken seriously."
'' Cops generalize that punkers are violent and anti-social.
--Evan Brown.
'' Adams has never found lhe stereo-typical expectation of violence to be true.
''I've never seen vil>lence at a show and its kind of a stereotype that goes with black leather," he said; "There's been fights when I've played at bars, but when play for minors, everyone's really cool there."
By Mindy Leiter and Michelle Leuthold, Lincoln Southeast
for not condoning these concerts is their belief that drugs and alcohol are often present.
"'This isn't 1rue because members of the scene know better lhan to jeopardize the opportunity to put on shows," said Brown.
LHS senior Shamus Adams is a member of Flesh Petal, a local altemati ve band.
"People who go to shows are usually extremely well behaved," said Adams, "they're just there to have fun."
He said that problems occur when owners of
Adams also feels improved communication between local bands is needed in order to discover new places to play. He feels !hat the Lincoln bands and aud' · 1Cesare currently divided. "It'" really split right now between the high school bands, which are most of the hardcore bands, and the alternative bands which play to college audiences in bars,"he said. "Many enterraining high school bands won't be embraced by the college audiences, and vice versa." Brown added. "Local bands are the key to the scene. They have to be supported in order to maintain !he scene because big bands aren't going to come to Lincoln unless they know there is an audience to play for."
Adams feels that the audience for local bands needs to be expanded
"Everyone in every social group should at least gotooneshow,"hesaid. "Lincolnhas the greatest talent but there's no one to encourage them."
Editors' note: We'd like to thank the Southeast Centerspread edi(ors for putting together some ideas for a spread. Thanks to East High staff for contributing. Layout by Mitch Hirt.
Photo by Ali Johansen
Senior ShamM:rAdams plays with local band Flesh Pttal for a btM/il al Commonplace.
By Amy Folmer
The Residential Constructionand Interior Design classes have put their heads together this year to apply what they've learnedin the classroom.
The Residential Construction classes have a semester project every year to build a house. This year, the house was built at 1415 N. 22nd. Construction teacher Eric Knoll said he thinks this class has done well talcinga serious job and really doing it.
"This is a class that you have to just jump right into and try. Some of the people that built this house, knew little or nothing about construction at the beginning of the year," said Knoll.
Legally, the class was not allowed to do ;;;.;;;;;;;;
This is a class that you have to just jump right into and try.
--Eric Knoll
''
the foundationor the wiring, but, according to Knoll, they did everything else.
The three construction classes had two periods to work on the framing, floors, walls , the e xterior finish work, siding,hanging drywall, doors, the casing and the base boards.
Lonnie Gates, a ser1ior in the cla.;;s,said he was interested in learning how to build a house and in being able to actually have hands-on experience.
"I'd really like to get a job "-'Orkingfor a construction company to help me through college, ancl tl;is is just the class to help me," said Gates.
Knoll encourages anyone who might
ADVOCATE
c asses com
some day own a house to talcethis class.
The Interior Design class was in charge of decorating the interior of the house after the construction classes finished.
Home economics teacher, Jeraldine Mays said the class picked out the major appliances, hung wallpaper, painted, chose the lighting fixtures and laid thecarpeting.
Mays said everyone in the class made a color board to determine the color scheme for the house and someone from the Neighborhood Housing Services selected the one they thought would look best.
Mays said the class went over during second period to paint and hang wallpaper and took an all-day field trip to finish it.
Junior Heather Harral' s color board won. She said the class was very instructiveto her because she wants to design housesjust like this when she gets out of school.
"I like the class because it proves how hard it is to really design a house, with the painting and everything, but it was fun," said Harral. "I'm talcingthe class again next year."
Knoll said next year, Residential Constructionis going to build two houses which the Interior Design is going to decorate and the Architectural Drafting class, also at Lincoln High, is going to make the plans for.
The Lincoln Public Schools are able to offer these hands-on classes because of the Neighborhood Housing Services group who try to build up run down neighborhoods all over Lincoln in hopes that other houses will try to make their houses look nicer.
Firstier Bank finances the project so the building supplies are purchased by the bank, said Mays.
'Image' tradition continues
By Stephanie Godeker
The annual literary magazine, now known as "Image" has long been a tradition at Lincoln High according to Julia Doerr, "Image" co-sponsor.
The magazine was callled "Scribe" until 1974. Doerr was editor iin 1974, when she attended LHS. She has been co-sponsor for three years.
"'Image' is a collection of the best Lincoln High writing,"saidDoerr.
Senior Robert Anderson is a member of the "Image" board, which reads, discusses and votes on each literary work submitted for publication.
"I joined 'Image' this year because I am a writer myself. I have learned how to look at andevaluateotherpeople'swriting,andmy own writinghas improvedwith my experience with'Image',"said Anderson.
According to Anderson, each selection remains anonymous until publication.
The magazine is a suitable and excellent means of publishing student's work, said Deborah McGinn, co-sponsor.
The board is open to all students who wish to apply. When choosing the board, McGinn and Doerr look for literary talent, evaluation from teachers and the amount of time the student is willing to devote to "Image".
Board members meet one or two times a week all year long and all day on some weekends.
"We had a very diverse and creative board of student selectors working on 1mage' this year. It was a positive experience,and issue 1990 is frrst r.lass," said McGinn.
The advanced Graphic Arts Classes will print the 68 page magazine. It will be distributed to students in late spring, f1eeof charge.
This year's . ..,board,... consisted of 15 students. They were: seniors Tim Coleman, Anne Crawford,AndrewFuller, Sarah Henningsen, Mike Wiles, Lisa Horton, Angie Hudson, Ali Johansen, junior Drew Davies, sophomoresS11sanWells, .Kiet Chau, Sean Farmer, Justin Tiwald and Tanita Patton.
spread by
Ali Johansen
uszca saz s to success
Over 1,000 people attended Lincoln High's musical, "Anything Goes," performed March 29-31, according to Anita Wood, administrativesecretary.
The musical, which recently enjoyed a revivalon Broadway,traced the voyageof a cruise ship, the S.S. American, across the AtlanticOcean, from New York to England. Rehearsalsfor the 44 cast membersbegan in February.
Jaz:, Band members provided theinstrumental accompaniment.
Senior Pat Adams, who went to see the play twice, said the hard work paid off.
"It was a spectacular musical," he said. ''The cast members did a wonderfuljob."
According to Joe Skutchan, director and vocal music teacher, the musical went well all three performances.
"It ran very smoothly," he said.
Photos clockwise from top
Reno Sweeny (Stacy Johnson, junior) leads a religious revival during "Blow, Gabriel, Blow.''
Billy Crocker (Vikram Jaswal,junior) impersonates ''Mrs. George Bernard Shaw."
Moonface Martin (senior Tim Coleman, center) tries to con the two Chinese converts (seniors Jason Koelzer, left, and Matt Rotherham).
(From left) Mrs. Harcourt, Hope Harcourt, and Sir Evelyn (juniors Kristi Filarskl, Aubrie Washburn, and Matt Dobbertien) are Interviewedby a reporter (seniorMonty Stoakes) as they board the S.S. American.
Reno (Johnson) explains her feelings toward Sir Evelyn In "I Get a Kick Out of You."
Photo
1r s tennis
By Karen Nalezinek
The varsity tennis team is off to a positive start defeating both Northeast(7-2) and Fremont (6-3).
"We've definitely improved from last year. Unfortunately so have Southeast and East," said varsity coach Made Mannix.
East won the state title last year and they have a really good team this year, including two good freshmen, according to Mannix.
''If we play at the top of our game, we can give any team a good meet. I can't say we'd beat everyone but they would have to work hard to beat us," he said
The varsity and reserve teams include two foreign exchange students: senior Juliette
ADVOCATE SPORTS as cu ture
Gottshalk from Holland, who plays number five singles and number two doubles for the varsity and junior Ilka Lohmeyer from Germany, playing the number one spot on the reserve team.
This year's reserve team is being coached by Steve Zoucha who graduatedfrom Lincoln High last year and is currently attending UniversityofNebraska-Lincoln. Thereserve team also beat Northeast 7-2.
The varsity includes seniors Cathy Maestas, Gretchen Hall, Wendy Coleman, Jen Willis, Nikki Blaha, junior Jessi Friendt, and freshman Reka Bolgardi who attends Irving and is from Hungary.
ee s ressure to • succee Ill S orts an
His name is Mike. He's not real, but his story is. Maybe you can relate, I'm sure there are some people here at Lincoln High who can.
Behind Home Plate
Todd Sandberg
The bell rings and school is out for most people. Mike Van Dyke heads down to the locker room, again. He now is in his third straight athletic season. You see, Mike is a standout athlete. In fact he has the most varsity letters in his class. But he is tired. Tired of the long days and short nights.
He gets home around 7:30 at night. Flops his limp body down on the sofa begging for the world to slow down. Homework is the last thing Mike is thinking about. Some nights he has to work. Weekends are rarely special, most of his time is spent at practice or work.
"Michael, can't forget to do your home,.vork. You know if you wa11tto go to a good college, you have to get very good grades."
If he only had a nickel for every time he heard that advice. · ·
Sometimes he wonders about his future.
Whether all this wear and tear on his body is worth the internal satisfaction. But it's not just satisfying himself, but his coach, college scouts, teammates, and most important, his father.
"You gotta push and push 'till you can't push anymore, and then you gotta dig deep and push even harder. The quickest way to be nothing is to do nothing. The quickest way to be s001ethingis to do something!" screams his dad.
"Van Dyke, you think you're something special," screams coach "If you would start thinking about the team instead of yourself, we might start to win."
Tired of hearing all these negatives, tired of losing, mentally and physically tired. After every game the team loses, Mike ,wants to quit. For once Mike would like to be considered a "winner." He is sick and tired of hearing "nice try" and "get 'em next time." He wants is to be considered a winner for just one season. Is that too much to ask?
rzesen szzz es un er par
By Mandi Cohen
For Sophomore Geoff Friesen golf and success are synonymous.
Golf isn't new to Friesen, his father introduced him to the sport ome summer about seven years ago. As a ninth grader at Irving, Friesen played for the Lincoln High team.
He has been fairly suocessful this year. At the Grand Island Invitational March 30 Friesen tiedforfrrstandplayed 1 under par. He lost at the play-off. He and the team are preparing for districts on :May 12 and state May 18. Before Friesen plays att any tournament he goes through a ritual (J)rroutine to prepare himself. In the two ilncidenceswhere he was unable to complete his ritual, he did poorly in his rounds.
"I listen to 'Chariots o,f Fire' and Tone Loe to gel pumped up for·a golf n1eet,both times I shot bad I didn't lis;ten to it," he said. Friesen thinks the top three players on the golf team are well-balanced. However, it lacks depth because ther:e are several sophomores who have less: experience than the juniors or seniors. In ttwoor three years he feels the team will hav,e the potential to do very well.
"I think there are a lot of talented indi-
viduaJs at Lincoln High," he said. Friesen said golf sometimes interfeies with academics. He feels in high school it's easier to put things off, which can get him in trouble. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;_,,~~~~~~~ I listen to 'Chariots o Fire' andToneLocto ge pumped up for a gol meet, both times I sho bad I didn't listen to it.
--Geoff Friesen ''
"The classes in high school are a lot harder and sometimes when I get home late · from practice or a meet I don't have the energy lo study for all my classes," said Friesen.
Golf is a long-term project for Friesen.
"I'd like to play in college and hopefully get a scholarship for school, after that who knows? I've thought about being a golf pro, if it's a realistic option then I'll pursue it," said Friesen.
By Mitch Hirt
Lincoln High experiaiced a successful ingtothebadstateoftheenvironment This E.arthDay last Friday, according to Assis- is the motivation behind the great efforts tant Principal for Student ServicesTed Re- students have made in organizing the event thmeier. ·at LHS, said Friedrichsen.
Many activities took place on campus Rethmeier said people aimed at increasing awareness of environ- should become more mental problems, said Rethmeier. concerned with preOne such activity was in response to Lin- ventionof the probcoin Southeast's plans in recognition of lems rather than E.arthDay. A ''car fast" was organi7.edin their repair. He which students and staff were askr.dnot to said consumer · drivetheircarstoschoolifatallpossible,or might have to to carpool, reducingthe numberof automo- sacrifice personal biles on Lincoln streets. convenience, but
Other activitiesincludedBrown Bag Day in doi~g this the~ .;.. , ";.,,,..,..'t Il, swdent pledges for impr.oving the envi- are savmg the envi- ~, -~ · ·· ,. ronment, tree planting, recycling, and sev- moment. Nebraska eral speeches made by local activists. still has a greater ',, : Speakers included individuals from the ·· chance to prevent polioAudubon Society, Humane Society, and tion beca11seit is only in its Citizens for EnvironmentalImprovement. early stages, he said. · Rethmeier said senior Jeff McArthurwas ''We think.if we p1J1ttrash out on the curb assigned to videotape the complete day's itwillmagicallydisappear,ifwethrowitout events, and this videotapewas placed in the the window it will di.sappear,if we throw it time capsule that will be openedin the year into a stream it will magically float away; 2000. but now we realize there is no magic,and we Pat Friedrichsen,Biology teacher, said · the origins of Earth Day stem from the concern expressedby manyindividualspertainmust deal with the issue," said Rethmeier. Re.cognitionof Earth Day was organized by an Earth Day Committee, created under Four minority members to be added • ,.
the supervision of environmentally concerned students and staff. This committee held brainstormingsessions in which ideas were expressed encouraging the school to take part in the World Earth Day festivities.
Organintion of the event also saw cooperation from many groups. Some groups that participated included Student ,J. · Council, citizen·tr ship issues classes, · · 1.!' ·· anclasses, marlceting · · ,> classes,Future Business l.eaders of America, and the Ecology and Expedition Club.
Ecology and ExpeditionClub Vice President Jen Jones said the depletionof our environment is inevitable,but maybe we can slow the process.
''Our purpose is to make people more aware of what we are doing now to our environment, in order to plan ahead for the future," said Jones.
u. _ . c ns I u 100
By Vikram Jaswal
An amendmentto the Student Council constitution,;1dding four minority student members, is awaiting fmal approval from Principal Sam Nelson.
"We want to provide equal opportunity for (minority) groups that have been ostracized in the past," Nelson said.
The amendment,approved by Student Council on April 12,attemptsto deal with the lack of minorityrepresentation on Student Council, accordingto sponsorRandy Ernst In additionto the regularlyelectedmembers(ten seniors,eight juniors, and six sophomores),it calls for caucuses of four minority groups to each elect one representativefrom their respectiveculturalbackground. The four groupsare Native Americans, Asian Americans,·Hispanic Americans, and African Americans.
For example, a caucus of all Native Americanstudents at Lincoln High wouldbe held. At that time, they wouldselect ·one Native Americanstudentwho they felt would best , representthem on StudentCouncil. That student, after being approvedby Nelson, wouldbecome a memberof StudentCouncilwithoutgoingthroughthe traditionalelectionprocess.Thesamemethodwouldbe used fortheother ·threegroups.
Althoughall the factionsat LHSmaynot be represented, theamendmentcoversthemajorculturalgroups,accotding to JamesI .aPointe,NativeAmericancounselorandsponsor of RainbowClub.
''Theintentionis to createa forum for colorandcultural heritage,"he said.
Ernstsaidthereareothergroups,suchas homosexualsor
vegetarians,who might merit their own representativeson Student Council. But the issue of race will be dealt with first, then other groups will be examined, he said.
He said the amendment's main purpose is to empower studentsof color by providingthe leadershipopportunityof being on StudentCouncil. Accordingto Ernst, from 198689 only two StudentCouncilmemberscouldbe classifiedas ''minorities." This year there are three minoritystudentson Council, but withoutthis amendment,there is no guarantee that there will be any in the future, Ernst said.
According to I .aPointeand Ernst, minority membersare an asset because they insure culturally diverse input and sensitize white Council members to issues and ideas from their cultures.
"Other cultures think, perceive, and look at life differently," I .aPointesaid.
If the process had been in place last year, Ernst said the problems that led to fighting between factions of students might have been n1oreeasily solved.
"Wouldn't it have been wonderfulif we'd been able to get input from someone of that culture that was in our midst?" he asked.
·
Minorities hesitate to run in the general election because of the perception that Student Council is a white, elitist, popularity group, he said. Anotherreason is because their cultures may not provide the kind of encourage~ent to run that white students receive, Ernst said.
''It becomesa system then that has institutionalizedracism in it. We have elections set up by whites, promoted by
This year's observanceof the event lies on the twentieth anniversary of the first Earth Day. Thecelebrationin 1970wasonamuch smaller scale, said Thomas A. Lewis, in an article for the February-March1990 issue of "NationalWildlife." The fact that some 5,000 people gathered at the Washington Monumentin protestof the deterioratingenvironmentwas not especiallyimpressive,as just five monthsearlier,250,000gatheredto protest the war in Vietnam, he said.
Thomas said the impacts from the first E.arthDay are still being felt Just weeks after this event, Congress passed environment-savinglaws such as the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts. Congresi-:al so began to give more funds and pay more attention to what became a pressing issue Lincoln celebrated its city-wide observance yesterday, in accordance with the international celebration of Earth Day. Many activitiestook place at PioneersParle. Scheduled speakers included U.S. Senator Jim Exon, former Lincoln mayor, Helen Boosalis, and present Lincoln mayor, Bill Harris. Also scheduledwas an Earth Fair, consistingof booths and exhibits from over 35 environmentally concerned organizations.
whites, run by whites, results tallied by whites, and results announcedby whites. How do you break into that system?" Ernst said.
Ernst and T.aPointesaid they have received some negative reponse to appointing minority students to Student Council. T.aPointesaid it CO'\,lld be attributedto a fear of the unknown.Peopleresistchangeifthings·seemto be working well the way they are, he said.·
Ernst said five exchangestudentswere appointedthis year without complaint from anyone. He said conscious or unconsciousracism could be a reason for resistance to the amendment.
"I know a lot of people (who worked with this amendment) have learned a lot about themselves and their own personal racist feelings," Ernst said.
LincolnHigh studentswere not offered the opportunityof a studentforumon the amendmentbecauseof the inevitable misunderstanding,according to Ernst. He said that in the first year, there would be many people upset about it, but eventually it would become an accepted process.
"We live in a society dominatedby whites, which makes all whites who benefit from the system racist," Ernst said.
"We need to stop denying it and take steps to counteractthe racism which invades our society."
He said he hopes that in the future the amendmentwill not be necessary because a tradition that students from all culturesrun for StudentCouncilwill have been established.
''It's a stepping stone towards a stronger Council and a sbonger Lincoln High," Ernst said.
Photo by All Johansen
Studenls mill about ii&fronJ of the school duril&gFriday's Eartlt Day celebration Friday. ·
·· · Photo by All Johansen
The globe, a Senior Class Gift from 1973, is filled wilh students' trash from Brown Bag Day II, symholizng the amount of garbage created by the world in one day.
ADVOCATE
rzvzn
Something about owning and being able to drive an automobile allures even the most level-headed people. Few young · adults resist the pull of the lurid hunk of metal; glass, vinyl and plastic which most of the population ·refers to as "the car". Thus a certain phenomena exists. Like lemmings. hoards of newly turned sixteen year olds pummel themselves towards the Department of Motor Vehicles and obtain a laminated bit of paper which proclaims they are capable of operating III motor vehicle.
Periwinkle
By Tina Koeppe
l was not immune. My paients took me to abandoned parking lot in a sparsly populated pan of town. Soon I grew weary of turning around in circles and pretending to park the · family car. My fun-loving father turned into a quivering mass when he realized I often-times confused the gas and brake pedals. He told me to pretend the empty parking lot was full of Mercedes Benz's and Porsche's, the idea being I was supposed to be really careful and try not to hit any of the invisible cars. After fifteen minutes, he insisted we depart for home. By this time I claimed my respect for luxery cars was minimal. It was hard to drive, I always thought, when you had someone trying to grab the steering wheel and preparing to pounce on the brake pedal at any given moment.
After careful and lengthy consideration, both parents decided · a driver's education class would be the place for me. Someone else was going to teach me the art of driving, much t I got my learners permit renewed. Then I hastened forthto my impending destiny. The forlress of Southeast Community · College lurked before me and I disappeared into the building where I was to spend a portion of my seventeenth summer learning how to drive.
We were matched up with partners and sent out (with an instructor) to navigate ourselves around the city. My partner was a Polo scented fifteen year old He wore boat shoes, a baseball cap and a disgustingly friendly smile. And to top it off, he was an excellent driver. (l'he twit even knew how to parallel ,
park.)
I 1riedto ignore my prodigy driving partner's astounding driving abilities. Anyone who could listen to Milli Vanilli, bounce around to the beat of the music; chew gum, li~synch, fix his carefully-groomed hair in the rear-view mirror, converse with the driving instructor and drive devinely had my admiration. When my tum came to drive, the car became tomblike. Only the drivinginstructor's whispered requests could be heard His fervid "tum left, tum right, pull in here. slow down, speed up," echoed throughout the brand-new driver's ed car.
After a few lessons, we drove to a rural area. While cruising down country roads. I grew reminiscent of my Daisy Duke warma-be-days.I was tempted to roll down the windows, put my foot on the accelerator and let out a loud "YEEE-HAAA!" while my hair blew wildly in the early afternoon breeze. A flock of birds suddenly swooped in front of the car. I swerved to miss them and noticed my driving instructor shaking his kind head and preparing to warn me about the dangers of what I had just done. In the back seat, my partner had collapsed into a fit of silently reverberating laughter.
Then it was over. I was through with my driving instruction. I drove to the Deparbnent of Motor Vehicles and took the driver's exam. It took:me two attempts to pass the wriuen portion. Next came the fun part. My name was called, and I looked into the familiar face of my junior high gym teacher,, who apparently was willing to risk his life during the summer and give driving tests. With my mother's keychain in my hand (a humongous yellow mons1rositywith "Morn's Taxi printed on it), I headed to the parking lot.
How I passed the test, 111never know. Perhaps my junior ·high gym teacher took pity on my feeble driving skills, (the same way he sympathi:zedwith my doddering basketball ability) or maybe I convinced him that I was a good driver: I haven't driven since.
Getting my driver's license was a right of passage unlike no other, and yet so inane. I carry my license with me all of the time, the only purposeit serves is for identification. In the event I should be hit by a torrent of rapidly moving 1rafficas I cross the street, my forever brand-new driver's license will attest to my identity. (This would be kind of ironic.)
My decision not to drive is probably derived from an intense
• ree nee on
Commentary by Amy Folmer
I .ast week, an accident occurred across the :sb.eetfto11l · Lincoln High which made me decide that something needs to be done about the street safety around our school. When students are in a school building, the administration is liable to make sure the building is a safe place for students. When students are in a classroom the teacher is responsible to malcesure it is a safe environment for the student. TheLincoln Public Schools is ultimately in charge of the student bui they take very careful steps to malcesure a teacher or an administrator is there for us at all times.
If this much care is taken in seeing us through school, someone,I repeat, someone should be in charge of caring for the students while walking to their respective schools every morning. I would like to commend the city of Lincoln or the parents of the students for malcingelementary schools very safe places where traffic is concerned. I live by Prescott school and there are flashing 25 m.p.h. signs hanging over the roads, crosswalks that work, and usually every morning they have a mom standing at the crosswalk,paying attention
in case someone does get hurt.
Granted, these kids are from the ages of 4 to 12, but I lthink high school students should not be discriminated ag:ainst because of our age. For many reasons a high school such as Lincoln High can be a very dangerous place because of the amount of trafftc. We have a population of around 2000. Even if only one/third of the students drive to school that is 600 cars. Six hundred cars- three times a day, going to · school, going to lunch and going home.
We sit right on Capitol Parkway and one can only imagine how many cars drive down that road daily. The intersection of J SL and Capitol Parkway is a dangerous place because many students walk across the street against the light to get to school on time.
Change needs to be made. Whether it's a flashing 25 m.p.h. light put in on both sides of the street or if someone could come out to fix the cross walk light so it works faster, I don'tknow. AlthoughI do know change is needed for high school students at Lincoln High school.
Commentary by Ali Johansen and Tina Koeppe
You have no rights. You have no freedom of the press. You have freedom of speech, as long as everybody lilces what you say. You have the right to an education as long as your parents lilcewhat you are taught You are guaranteed the right to life, liberty and the pursuit ofhappiness if you are over the age of nineteen.
Welcome to America. Home of the free adults and the oppressed youth--the youth who: refuse to protest when books are pulled ft0t11 our library shelves, are apathetic when Tipper Gore decides she has the power to censor the music we hear, comply with bureaucratic rules without complaint,and who can be institutionalizedat theirparents' whim for drinking one beer. We are the future of a democracy and we refuse to test its limits.
It is time we demanded more rights. Society turns its back on the pleas of students who wish to escape from the claws of over~bearingparents who find John Steinbeck's "Of Mice and Men" to be obscene and pull their "child" from the class it is being taught in, who think homosexuality is a vile sin and won't allow their "child" to listen to anyone who believes differently, and who try to mold their "children" into uniform versions of their ideals. · Youth are helpless only because we don't help ourselves. We don't have lP be submissive to the demands of author- · ity. We can: question authority, speak out for what we feel
is right, influenceothers, help educate those who are in the dark of ignorance, educate ourselves, refuse to do something which we don't agree with, fight for causes we feel strongly about and force the adult society to realize we are · not to be manipulated or ignored.
In order to live in a more tolerant world, we need to start with ourselves. To enable a more democratic, open--· minded and free country, we need to begin expressing our opinions and fighting for amends. Youth is a temporary state ofbeing; society recognizesthis, which is unfortunate because it means we have to wait for our rights. This is especially difficult when concerning young adults still in their teens. No longer young children, we ·are, by law forced to comply with our parents' wishes. Some young adults never will see reality as it really is, for they have been suppressed by parental thumbs during their most impressionable years, and they grow, not realizing other perspectives·exist.
School was not created to placate adults and administration, it evolved with the sole purpose of educating our country's youth. Young people need to be exposed to all aspects of reality, and then provided with the chance to form their own personal values and beliefs--without the older generation forbidding us to acquire the information and rights we so desperately deserve.
OPINIONS • o , survive
fear of automobiles. I don't like the way they crowd the slreets, tum typically calm people into screaming lunatics, pollute the air with nasty exhaust fumes, become weapons to hurt other people and represent societal class levels in a bla!antly stereotypical manner.
Cars smell really bad, they have been blamed for the regression of the American family, the corruption of already misguided humans and the disinegration of the atmosphere. Cars are addic.tivein an unhealthy way. Humans have become so dependant on cars that they will drive two blocks rather than walking and will claim to be miserable if their · automobile is :ootworking properly. · I think this is sad I don't regret getting my driver's license or learning how to drive. Besides being an absolutely spectacular learning experience, I am preparing myself for the future when I may be required to operate a vehicle. ·
Anyway, I have crossed the so-called bridge between being a non-licensed "clri}d"and a licensed "adult." Funny thing is, I don't feel changed. I am the same as before, only I have a really nifty plastic card with a picture of myself (looking a tad bit absurd with a fake-smile plastered on my surprised face) to <;a.tyaround with me and make me feel psychologically equivilant to them The drivers.
Student Council Amendment · procedure questioned
The student council is amending its constitution. When United States Congress amends the Constitution, it is equired to send it to the states for two thirds approval. We o not have states at Lincoln High, the Student Council is only representation we have, ·there. is no system of hecks and balances to protect the student's interests. ere should be.
Student Council went to the administrationfor ideas and pproval instead of the student body; the Student Council s supposed to represent the students, they need to ask us ur opinions on issbes that directly relate to students and he way in which we are represented.
Hasanyone asked studentsoutside of Student Council or ·nbow Club how they feel about the issue? This amendent would affect the way Student Council operates. ecause it is the students' Student Council, they should ve the final say in what changes are made.
Because this is a major issue of direct relevance to the ay in which students are being represented, they should ave been consulted, or been given the opportunity to xpress their opinionsbefore it was taken to the administran for theirs.
The amendment should be put before the student body or a vote after they have been informed of all the aspects f the change, and have been given the opportunity to bate the issue withoutadministrationinterference. If the urpose of the amendmentis to empower the students; the tudents should have the power to decide whether it is an endment that would serve them.
The questions is, who is going to decide whether stunts have the right to represent themselves,the students or faculty?
Jaswal Todd Sandberg & Karen Nalezinek
Friendl & Jennifer Powell
Godek.er
Dan Koperski,Ali Johansen, Jack Dempsey, Mark Janike Christie Pitts
Traci Bair, Mandi Cohen, Karl F.dlund,JoshuaFritts, Brian Hart, Melissa Johnson, Danica O'Connell,Heidi Woerner, Mitch Hirt, Rachel Wagman, Mikahla Beutler,YolandaFewT9-ils Andrew Fuller
Drew Davies, Todd Kapke
477-8755
Girls struck crossing street
Two sophomoreswere sbllck by a car turningrighton to CapitalParkwayoff J st. last Thursday,accordingto the police report.
Sophomores Kelli Ward and Tanya TeaterhadparkedintheMunicipalParking lot acrossthestreetfromLincolnHighand werewalkingbackfromlunch,saidWard.
''Wewerein thecrosswalk, andthe light wasredforthedriverof thecarthathitus," saidWard,who was talcento the hospital, butreleasedwithbumpsandbruises. She was X-rayedfor neck and knee injuries, saidthepolicereport.
A witness,StevenG!!nther,said he was drivingnorthon CapitalParkwayandsaw
ree
By Mikhala Beutler
Curt Peterson, Vikram Jaswal, and Cory Ortega will be representingLincoln High in the National Forensics League's national competition.·The competition will be held in San Jose, Calif., June! 7- 24.
Each participant will be competing in the individual events of Original Oratory, Dramatic Interpretationand Student Congress. Peterson•qualified most recently due to his efforts in the student congress.
"I'm really looking forward to it, because I know I'll do well," Peterson said; He also said that his spontaneous style of giving speeches will be the extra edge over others who read their speeches.
Ortega, who qualified early in the season with her speechon white supremacygroups, looks forward to seeing the new speeches from the people outside of Nebraska. She feels the change makes the tournament less predictable.
"You don't know who is going to win or
the car proceedthrough the red light and hit the two girls.
''I saw the girls get hit, and I made Kelli lay back down, and my brother left with the other one to get the nurse," said Gunther.
Three·years ago: two Student Council members tried to have something done about that very intersection, said Student Council Sponsor Randy Ernst
He said the students were concerned about the number of students walking against the light illegally every morning. They did statistical work and repeatedly tried to get together with Mayor Bill Harris but that was as far as it went, because Harris said a plan of a "sky walk" would not be feasible, said Ernst.
lose," she said. "It makes you realize how much you know and how good your are."
Jaswal also feels the competition will be tough as well as unpredictable.
"I think the whole system is wishy-washy because each tournament depends on the judges," said Jaswal. "One tournamentyou could win, and the next you could be ranked last; it all depends on the judge."
He said the entire speech team, not only the national qualifiers,has had a remarkable season.
Sppech and debate coach John Heineman said hard work and extra hours are the reasons for this year's success.
"We've had twice as many people sign up for forensics next year," he said, ''That's a real tribute to the hard work and success the students have had this year."
Heineman added that the amount of talent he had to work made his job as coach a lot of fun.
By J~h Fritts
The Mummer's play, ''A Company of Wayward Saints," will be performed May 10 and 11 at 7:30 p.m. The cost is $2 at the door, or free with an activity ticket.
According to senior Monty Stoakes, who pot bays Capitano (a Braggart soldier), the - ' It takes an experienced cast to do this kind of play.
-Joe Kriezinger
;;;;;.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'' play is about a modem day acting troupe similarto the Commedia del arte' troupes of the fourteenth century.
"The actors are stock characters, a generic type of individualusedby many different authors, i.e. doctor, sweetheart, acrobat," Stoakes said. ''They work from a skeletal outline of a plot, and perform their own individual commedic routines."
Director JoeKreizinger said he finds this particular play unique, because there really is no outright lead in the play.
Almost all of the actors are on the stage at all times providing an audiencefor the characters receiving the most attention.
"The actors are responding very well to rehearsals, their tone has been positive so far," he said. "It takes an experiencedcast to do this kind of play."
The cast includes seniors Jim Bleed, Melissa Lewis, Dylan McCullough and Stoakes; juniors Josh Davies, Matt Dobbertien, Kristi Filarski, Vikram Jaswal and Landis.
Junior SamanthaGaines is serving as the stage manager,and Jaswal is the student director.
Lincoln High Prom scheduled for May 12
By Heidi Woerner
es the thought of prom have
r are helping to make a statement But, black and white are also very popular colors.
to match your dress almost exactly. you petrified? Are you having "The dresses are deeper colored and more sophisticated," said Tama Krings, from the
Decorations and shoe clips can also be added to show off those heels. troublefinding your P,erfectlook? If so, there's no need to worry. Read on to discover which styles and appearances are turning out to be f abu/ous for this season's prom.
Dresses
This year's fashions express style and variety. They reflect the person's own individuality and over-all personality.
The dresses which appear to be most popular this year / are short, bright, and strapless.
Women are be- I coming more daring as the hemline goes up. Knee length or shorter are the lengths people want.
Bare shoulders or spaghetti straps are another look which many are drawn to.
Brights are in. Colors such as purple, green. blue, and various other gem colors
Shoes are always important, because they polish off your outfit. Bright shoes with one to two inch heels are the look. Dyeables,a product which can be found at Ben Simon's, are shoes which can be dyed Accessories
Another addition to this year's prom dress are sequins. They add flair and will make your night "sparkle."
Tuxes
There are many variations of tuxedoes. Long-tailed coats are still popular this year; but, short, waist-lengthjackets are becoming the new style.
Black and white are once again the trendy colors.
Cumberbunds, bow ties, and ties are showing up in bright neon colors.
Hot pink, dark green, and paisleysare all high on the list
Shoes
Harr. Satin gloves also add a touch of class; they go well with the strapless dresses. Scents
Make-up
Closet
w1nover I
By Christie Pitts
The boys' varsity soccer team beat number 2 ranked Millard North 3-2, April 10. Millard North was previously undefeated.
Head coach John Matzke was pleased with the victory and the team's perfonnance
''It was the passing and the teamwork that won the game," Matzke said.
There are ten returning lettennen and six sophomores on the team this year.
According to Matzke, experience has been an asset because the team has more endurance and depth than past teams.
The COIJlbinationof ten returners and 15 underclassmen will make next year's team • at least as strong as this year's.
"We have a lot of extra players who can come off the bench and play some quality minutes for us," said Matzke.
The varsity team member are seniors Troy Bishop.PatDumas,LateefJohnson,George Porras and Sky Schroeder; juniors Kevin Cada, Paul Grandgenett,Colby Hank, Matt Olberding and Conoley Ospovat; sophomores Brandon Bergt, Spencer Duncan, Stephen Engel and Nathan Johnson; fresh- · men Loren Colliers, LeteafKing, Fred Porras, Rosenado Rivera, Rusty Shepherd and Dustin Young.
0 swzngs towari state
By Max Banwell
The boys' varsity golf team is on the upswing this year, said coach Joel Christiansen.
The team is lead by sophomore Geoff Friesen who placed 12that the state meet as a freshmen last year. This year Friesen placed 2nd at the Grand Island Invitational, and has done well at all the other meets.
"I'm enthused and optimistic about my young team. I feel that they can qualify for state by placing third at districts," said Christensen, who feels his team is working
very hard
Sophomore team member, Chuck Syn- , · ovec said he feels the team needs to play as ·a team.
"The teams' goal is to qualify for state as a team not as indivdual qualifiers," said Synovec.
The tea1nconsists of senior Scott Galusha, juniors Ryan Foster, Friesen and Judd Carpenter; sophomores Friesen and Synovec; and freshman Tim Thorsen.
47 qualify for Special Olympics
By Matt Streckfuss
Forty-seven Lincoln High swdents will participatein the 1990SpecialOlympicsaccording to area coordinatoi:Jim I .aFollette.
The Olympics will be held at Creighton University in Omaha, May 23 thru the 26.
The events include: bowling, swimming, roller skating, basketball and track.
Lincoln High has consistently done very well I .aFollette said. Last year, Lincoln High's team was named 'Special Olympics High School for the State of Nebraska'. · ''Students and teachers are becoming more aware of Special Olympics. The area basketballgame we had on St. Patrick's Day more people from the school came to show their support than ever before," said LaFoltion.
lette.
The members are Gary Ahrichs, Andrea Curry, Mindy Darling, Brian Fendrick, Bryan Gleason, Kevin Gottula, Kim Gotwla, Daniel Griggs, Spencer Haken'' iiiiiiiiiiiji;iiii.iiiiiiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiii;;_;;;; Students and teachers are becoming more aware of Special Olympics. · --Jim LaFollette ''
worth, Jonathon Hansen, Brandi Hayel, Joe Heitoff, Angie Heyer, Shawn Higer, Lisa Hobelman, Bob Janousek, Jim Jillison, Scott Kistler, Becky Krejci, Amy Kuzelka, Bryan Lawson, Shane Mansfield, Jack Martin, Carrie Mays, Jeff Meier, Pam Miller, Mary Nelson, Casey Owen, Janelle Parrish, Audra Pierce, Jason ·Rap, Shaun Rooney, Chris Schmid, Bill Smith, Scott Smith,Martha Sposato,Mary Staska,David
Oneof our security consultants \tlill meet you\tlhere your car is located, and give youa free esti mete.
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Stokesbeary, Chuck Taylor, Jim Taylor, Kristi Terrell, Mark Travis, Shon VanMeveren, Mark Walker, Russell Wittmus and AmyWonn.
ues ions raise
By Tina Koeppe
At the beginning of class, swdents are asked to lie down and close their eyes in the darkened room. Inhaling and exhaling deeply, they tense and untense each part of their body until they have reached a point of muscular relaxation. A tape plays in the background, narrated by a man with a soothing voice who speaks of oceans, wind, and floating. The lights are turned on, and the students rearrange their desks--newly relaxed and prepared to begin work.
Such could be the circumstances in several years, as the educational system searches for a means to relieve classroom tension. Or this may not be the portrait, as parents and students pose questions concerning the separation between church and state.
Assistant Principal for Instruction Kathy Raymer said only a small handful of parents and students ha~e protested or shown interest in the situation and in fact, nobody has come to LHS administration with any complaints.
''It appears that there seems to be a group of people in the communityconcerned with what they perceive to be a link or relationship between instructional strategies in classrooms and what they label to be 'New Age' religion," she said.
English teacher DeborahMcGinn said she was aware of the issue and its pertinence to creativity.
"A class such as creative writing involves
By Ali Johansen
Deprived of both their constitutional rights and freedom of expression, minors are virtually the property of their parents until they reach legal adulthood, according to Dr. David Moshman, associate professor of educational psyhcology at UNL. Moshman,author of ''Children, Education and the First Amendment," feels that minors should be given more control over theirlive.s.
"Thereare a varietyof organizationsincluding the AmericanCivil Liberties Union and People for the American Way that have been trying to address issues in censorship and other children's rights issues in schools," said Moshman.
One of the most frequent examples of parental control ov.er minors is the right a parent is given to censor a student's education. Moshman said schools will let parents take a student out of any course or stop him or her from reading any book to avoid conflict.
"If they don 't,"he said, "parents are even more likely to say that this book should be banned or that this course should not be taught at all."
Vice Principal Barry Stark recognizes this legal control parents have over their children, but he doesn't believe that one parent should be able to censor the entire ciriculum.
"I would totally agree with an action to remove a student from a class when an issue or issues are being discussed (that a parent finds offensive)," said Stark. "I will totally
much more than text-book instruc~on. Creativity is about awareness, spontaneity, active listening,participationand a willingness to 'see' the worldin a not-so-obvious way,"said McGinn. iiiiiiiiiiiii~,,=----------~
'New Age' goes against many of the beliefs in the Christian Church. It's considered a religion. We're not allowed to pray in school or learn about Christianity. Why should we be allowed to learn about this?
--Erica Lanning''
English teacher Randy Ernst said he used channelingexercises in his English classes. Channeling, he explained, gets the mind to focus on one thing. He said he usesjournaling as a channeling activity. Ernst said that · by beginning class with channeling exercises and relaxation techniques, the students are more apt to pay attention and to focus on the materialbeing presented.
"Statistics show that very little is learned during the first twenty minutes of classroom time," Ernst said, adding that channeling and relaxationbenefit in gaining studentconcentration.
SophomoreErica Lanningbecameinter-
disagreeand will fight a situationwherea parentwantssomethingtakenoff, or out of, or removedfromall students."
Moshman believes the situation depends on whetherit is beinglookedatfroma moral or a legal pointof view.
''Morally,I thinkthatchildrendo have a right to have access to a wide variety of
c assroo
ested in the subject of transcendentalteachings in classrooms after her mother became involved with a situation taking place at her younger brother's school.
According to I anning, her brother said he and the other elementary school students were asked to participatiein relaxationexercises during classtime. She said he reque.stednot to participate and received little oppositionfrom the teacher. Consequently, Mrs. Lanning began to research 'New Age' philosophies and practices related to meditalion and relaxation. I ,anning said her mother was not pleased with what she learned.
"'New Age' goes against many of the beliefs in the ChristianChurch. Its considered a religion. We're not allowed to pray in school or learn about Christianity. Why should we be allowed to learn about this?" said Lanning.
Junior Todd Reining took a relaxation course as a studentat Lefler Junior High. He said the course was worthwhile and gave studentsan opportunityto "lie back and selfevaluate."
"It was a class without requirements. We never had any homework," said Reining. He said the class made him feel better for the re.st of the day, and he thought stress management and relaxation classes·might be helpful for high school students. Reining added that he didn't recall learning anything about religion or being made to do anything conflicting with his religious values. -
"I don't think religion had anything to do with it," said Reining.
Ernst agreed.
''I don't see relaxation techniquesas being religiously based,"he said
Raymer said isolated situations in other schools involved questions concerning choices of instructional materials (mainly books). She said parents and students should feel free to come to her with any questions.
· "Just because a class is studying something doesn't mean we should be for or against it," Raymer said, adding that students need to be free to make decisions within the context of their own personal belief system.
·
Lanning said she felt relaxation should be confined to gym classes only and only administered by a trained professional, as pulled muscl_e.sand other injuries could possibly result.
"There are so many other ways to deal with stress and to relax," said I .anning. She suggested swdents could seek professional counseling, go to church youth group meetings and talk to peers, parents, and clergy members or participate in physical exercise.
Lanning said the infiltration of religions into the school system is unfair and needs to be eliminated.
''If necessary, we need to take this issue to the Supreme Court and get it completelyout of the schools," said I anning.
as con rovers1a issue
''I really think that that's an issue where if the parent and child would sit down, and the parent would listen I 1thinkparents would really be impressed with some of the rationale young people have today," said Stark.
In addition to a parent's control over a student, the administrationalso has the legal right to censor a Sblden1t's personal expres-
~€T \15L l-1£ \Ji l/ 1uDfN-fS
views and not be limited by their parents' views," he said. "Legally, it's less clear because there's no constitutionalright to an education at all, much less a good education."
While parents have the right to pull a student from a class with the student's consent, they also have the absolute right to pull a student from a class against his or her will.
Educational Information & Materials: 4 76- 7521
24-hour Information Line: 476-9457
Confidential
sion, from written work in a newspaper or literary magazine to a student's clothing. · "I think it's the responsibility of the administration or sponsor to look over the material and decide if it's suitable," said Stark. "If it's going to be offensive, then I think it should be withdrawn."
He explains that this policy exists because students cannot be held responsible for ma-
Jeff Ditzler & Ron Galusha 5020 No. 57th------466-8883
terial that is considered obscene or libelous.
Moshman believe.sthis should change-that students should be given more freedom and greater legal responsibility.
''I generally support virtually unlimited freedom of the press for school newspapers," he said, "and it does follow from that though that if the newspaper does publish something libelous or obscene, it's the sbJdents who did it, and not the school ,who are responsible."
Both Moshmanand Stark agreed that one of the causes for school censorship is that society underestimatesthe intelligence of students.
"Many parents have unrealistically limited notionsabout the intellectualcapabilities of adolescents," said Moshman.
He added that these misperceptions are limiting in ways that interfere with an individual's developments.
"By the time a child is an adolescent they're well on the way to adulthood," he said. "It's pretty crazy for parents to think they can still be controlling their children's values."
Stark agreed that parents need to give studentsroom to grow up, despite his belief that parents should have control over a student's education.
"I think they have to have the opportunity to go out and then, if your upbringing was proper, make the right decision when you're not there," he said. "That's really what you raise children for--to be able to function without you holding their hand."
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Prom set or May 12
By Danica O'Connell
The Lincoln High Prom, ''Moonlightand Roses," will be held May 12 from 9 p.m. to 12 a.m., at the Nebraska East CampusUnion,accordingto prom advisor Darla Starr. An after-prom breakfast will begin at 11:30 p.m. at LHS.
Tickets may be purchased in the counselingcenter from Sharon Mortenson,administrativesecretary.
This year, ticketsare $5, whichis less expensivethan last year's price. This is due to leftoverfunds from ticket sales last year, accordingto counselorand prom advisor Dianne Leggiardro.
Studentsmay submit nominationsfor prom royalty when they purchase their tickets, said Starr.
Music-will be provided by Total Sound and The Picture Man will be available to photograph the event Balloon Expressions is handling the red, white, black, and silver decorations. Cookiesand punch will be served by the East Campus Union.
Promcommittee included:Juniors Ularan Blann, Vicki Camp, Amber Gadeken, MonicaJackson, Karen Liekhus, Dori McBee, Jerolyn Smith, and Heather Stemper. Advisors were: Trudy Domeier,Leggiadro,Mary Beth Lehmanowsky, and Starr.
By Mitch Hirt
Primaries for the Nebraska gubernatorial race will be held May 15.
For the first time in the state's history, ,~ YOlcrswb.Q~ 17 yearsof age will be able to exen:ise their right to vote in the pri• manes.
This new change is due to recent state legislation,said Patty Hansen,DeputyElection Commissioner. Hansen said a state constitutional amendment was added after the November 1988 election. The amendment provides for Nebraskacitizens who will be 18 years of age on or before the November general election to have the opportunity to vote in the primaries, said Hansen.
Jim Barstow,Young Democratand Teenage Republican sponsor and social studies teacher, said he believes this legislation is beneficial·tothe younger voters.
''It is more equitable; if people have the right to vote in the generalelection,then it is fitting that they also have the right to vote in decidingwho is going to be in the election,"
Barstow said Senior Angie Simpson, member of the TeenageRepublicans, said this year's election is beginning to see the emergence of many key is sues SiJIT1pson ii s loo som e o f the issuesas including abortion,taxes,creation of a lottery, and the continuingdispute over the locationof a nuclear waste facility.
The legislative body passed the bills, the increase in taxes is not all Governor Orr's fault.
--Angie Simpson ''
She said these are the main issueswhich will influence voters in choosing the candidate that best represents their ideals.
Barstow agreed that the lottery has become a big issue. Democraticgubernatorial candidateBen Nelson started the idea, with
profits aimed at serving public education, Barstow said.
Barstow said he believesthe recent school refinance bill, more widely known as LB 105 9 , will at,o bc-:umc ..r. importa.'1tissue.
Some of the Democratshave targetedtheir efforts on this issue, trying to gain support against Governor Kay Orr's recent veto of the bill, Barstow said. · Orr's actions have prompted51 percentof Nebraskans questioned in an updated "Omaha World Herald" poll to disapprove of her perfor111ance in office. Only 39 percent of those surveyed approved.
Simpsonsaid she believesmost of this disapproval stems from the governor'sbroken promise not to raise taxes. She believesthis will probablyhave a negativeaffecton Orr's • campru.gn.
''The legislative body passed the bills, the increasein taxes is not all GovernorOrr's fault," said Simpson. "She has also done many good things. She has made many
more public appearancesthan former Governor Bob Kerrey."
The Democraticrace is very tight, according to many recent polls which have shown tt¥- candidates separ a te-<!hy only a fc\\ ' per• centage points. Leading Democratic contendersinclude:Mike Boyle,former mayor of Omaha, Mayor Bill Harris of Lincoln, Bill Hoppner, former state senator and Chief of Staff under fonner GovernorsBob Kerrey and Jim Exon, and Ben Nelson, former state insurancedirectorand chaiperson of the 1986 Helen Boosalis gubernatorial campaign.
On the Republican side, the story-line is different, said Simpson. Governor Orr, by the look of many polls, seems to have the republican nominationwell in hand in her strive for re-election,she said.
Simpsonurges votersto go to the polls and exercise their right to vote. She said those who do not will probably not get the kind of representationthey want.
Students act to 'change and in1prove' school atn1qsphere
By Brian Hart
The Differentiated Citizenship IssuesClasses are planning influencing projects that will "incur change" within the school, according to senior Tina Koepe. This is being done to encouragestudents to amend and improve their surroundings.
The different groups in the classes have many plans, including painting a mural, putting bus shelter on the Randolph ByPass, building a student lounge in the basement,plantingtrees, and creatinga chHdday care.
K<>eppesaid the plans for the mural are lookingdoubtfulfor this year. Accordingto Koeppe, ''Nobody really has the time to become involvedin such a project." Only a few designs have been turned in for consideration for the mural, she said.
Surveys were done to find out how the student body feels about the projects and to
decide whether the projects will be feasible or not
The student lounge, according to class members Chad Lyons, senior and Kevin Kugler,senior, willbe a place were students can go in place of congregatingin the halls. Activities involving such things as pingpong, pool, pin ball, TV, and music will be availablefor the students'entertainment. It will also be a place for studying.
The classes are calling on alumni, businesses, and the student body for donations of equipment,supplies, and money. Labor is also needed from the student body and other volunteers. With the help of students, the cost of the studentloungecould be cut in half according to Lyons and Kugler.
The tentative plans are to finis~ the student lounge this summer, or if need be, to fmish it in the coming school year, according to class member Ben Murphy, senior.
Photo by All Johansen
TM Varsity Swing Choir performs "Fidgety Feet" infront ofanestimaled500 people at tMAll-CitySwing ChoirNighl, held April 30,according to Barbara l11demaM, vocal music teacMr. Groups from tM otMr three high schools performed as well. "It's nice to see all of IM groups togeth&r,supporting one anolMr in a non-co,npetitive atmospMre," said LwhmaM.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Commentary by Lacy Schutz
So we carried our trash around for a while, were assaulted by announcements, posters and eager environmentalists and we traipsed out to Pioneers Park on Sunday.
''Save the earth!" we cried out So did advertisers and creatorsof consumergoods. Did you buy at-shirt? Did you read the ads in the magazines? You know, the ones f10111 companiesthat have been pollutingthe air and depletingthe resources;the ones that really wanteda piece of the ''issueof-the-moment"pie.
And did you walk, bike or drive to Pioneers Park? The teeming masses raved, ''The earth! We must save the earth!" as they parked their cars on the grus, smoked their cigarettes, threw their programson the ground,and tried to get a tan.
So what is Earth Day·about?
We got out of seventhpe,iod, ranaround a lot, and cheered for a time capsule. The next night we went to the Earth Day street dance, and Sunday we partied at a site high on the nature list Pioneers Park.
Is this what Earth Day is about?
Or is it the people that are out every day picking up tra.,h, frantically turning off lights, and shunning all Styrofoam?
How many of us will remember what we learned? Ycs, learned, for what social recluse could have escaped the propagandaand frenzysurroundingthis trendynew concept of ''Save the earth" and ''Earth Day Every Day?"
What good did we do? Why didn't we fu1111committees to write lettersto our governmentrepresentatives,campaign door to door for in-homerecycling,plant trees, and pick up trash? Sure, we can do this any day, but wouldn't it have been neat to have done all those thingson the earth's special day? For those folks that have troublegettingorganized,the various Earth Day committeescould have given the extra push.
"You are one person, times 200 million, who through thoughtlesscarelessness,can makeour worlduninhabitable within twenty years," reads the ''Lincoln High Advocate," April 29, 1970, right after the first Earth Day. Well, we're
still breathing, most of us have enough food and we still have plenty of resources for right now. What have we accomplished? Earth Day made everyone more aware and awarenessis always the fll'Ststep, but how many of us are going to continue practicing what we were taught? Now that there aren't special Earth Day committees, who's going to push us to do what is right? Some would say that we should find the inner motivation to give a helping hand; our incredible intertwining with nature should inspire us. How could we possibly forget our ties to the environment?But let's face it. We, as humans,have become far, far removed from nature. Beaches and forests
Davis: Give Student Council a break
Guest editorial by Student Council PresidentJay Davis
Good afte111uonstudents and faculty. I wish to discuss a licity. Not so easy anymore, huh? verypressingissue with you. Soundslike a politician. Kind Possibly the reason that Student Council has such a bad of? Well, the reason it doesn't really sound like one is reputationis that we arenever really seenexcept for the end because l am not one. So, being President of Student of most projects. You do see om posters, you do seeus on Council isn't like being a Politician? Co••ect But what is the way to the office occasionally,but you never really see Student Council then? That's what I amhere to talk about thebulk ofus until somethingbig is about to happen. Sure No, ramsorry to say that Student Council is not all three we tried itochangethat. But it is verydifficult We tried open lunches. It is not homeworktime. And it is not grapevine meetings for the students and faculty. Didn't work. We time (although sometimes we would like to think it is). tried to get studentinput on various issues. WorkedmoderStudent Council is a place where icleasand thoughts are ately well, but nothing to hoot over. So another reason for formulatedand put into effect Sound easy enough? Not the rap is apathy. Yes apathy(it means you don't really quite. First, get together with 28 people (29 includingour care). Lateef Johnson, former Student Council member, sponsor Ernst) and have everybodybrainstormfor an idea. wrote a terrific articleabout politics and apathy toward it I YoumustrememberthatnoteverybodyisMr/MrsCreativ- hope you read it. The same could be applied to Student ity, so this process takes some time. Then comes the fun Council. If you are apathetictowardsit, it will run by itself, part. Being human,weallliketoseeouridea'ssucceedand unnoticed. But if you want to see something happen you be popular with the mass. But when28 people try to decide must get involved. From our point, it is very difficult to which idea is the best, you run into a few problems. Well, please 2000 students and faculty with extremely different now that we have a main idea chosen, we must work on it ideas. So we try our best. But we get reamed a lot because Soundeasy enough? Wrong again. With a chairpersonand our best just wasn't good enough. few committee workers, the project can be quite a load Student.Councilhas changed in the past three years that I · Take a dance for instance. Just your basic dance. Here is have been involved. We seem more in touch with the what is involved: DJ or Band(contacting),buildingpermit, students and faculty,and we feel good about our activities. refreshments,decorations,workingschedulesfor door and We work hard, and it's a thankless job. But hey, isn't refreshments,chaperones, ticket selling, posters, and pub- everything except for professionalsports? hllv~ riia¢hi3eiirid¢arid£i~ro&tffiic6i6tsitmtfile~w~n~~ffl~_m9re~~~~ ! <~ 611iii=: ni~rt•· : Wt ~'jattii Jt6ut~f<>te t®¢1\ 1'nil ~~th~¥
theydori6tiak~W~
·•••• 1f~1mY:r fe.~mm1~rm••···••.rh•··•~l;
have become exhibitionsfor the tourist in each of us. The same goes for zoos.
Don't get me wrong. There are people out there who realty care. Each of uscouldjoin the ranks of true environmentalists by recyclingglffl, aluminumand paper,refusing to buy products packaged in Styrofoam, turning off the lights, using a minimumof water, boycottingaerosol cans and the list goes on and on. Instead of looking at Earth Day as a chance to have fun, be aware, and be a part of the moment, maybe we should look at it as a long ter1r1 challenge a challengeto do something,becomeinvolved,and Save The Earth!
Lincoln, NE 68502 22nd&" J" Streets The Advocateis
Newsbriefs----,-----------
011~bRecognition :Daycelebrated April 27
·••·Twel;estudentswete chosen from Lin- perience in a government office, he said. ~OlflRigh for the firstYouthRecognit:iori Participatingstudents were seniors RaDa held A ril 27 ands Oti.db the chel Sandhorst Betsy Wagner, Karl y, .·.·.·· p pons e y , Ma · ' · Youth Council a ordin Dean · ·Edlund, juniors Mark Michealis, Melissa yors · .·. • cc g Sinne an SU isoroftheactivit Johnson, Han Ruemprom, and sopho- g • pery
y · Y th Rec itionDa is ffered to ive. mores Michelle Lawson, Jazmone Litner, sfu~tsanbi,lrttirutyilig&hands-o:e~- I<evin~~x~TanyaTeeter•..
Girls' and Boys'Statetobe held June 3-9
Olympiad tests science skills
By Josh Fritts
LincolnHigh placed sixth in the fourthannual Science Olympiad state competition April 27 at UNL, according to biology teacher and team coach Brad Sass.
"[The Olympiadis held] to increaseinterest in science,thus increasingenrollmentin science classes. Also to give non-athletic students a chance to excel in their strong points," said Sass.
Iesalnieks, Natasha Jacobson, MarkNeemann, and Nathan Zook.
"I thought we'd get in the top five again, however, it's difficult to get the students to set aside time to practice, and prepare for their events because of their already busy schedules,"said Sass.
''I think it is a ood o nnnunit as it will Y»
Lisa Ahlberg,Josh Davies,Matt Dobber- ment activities and are given the chance to lien, Pa1.1lGrandgenett, Mitch Hirt, and participate. Studentselectstate,countyand And <Pa> as have been chosen to re - cit officialsandconductall hasesof ov- y pp pre y ' p "'""' g sent Lincohi High School at Girls' and emment work. :B:··o·:::::::;_;ts··ta:•.,;;.Jun··e···3.:9·
g
y, DebMcKinney,adi11inistrativesecretary. not only help my understandingof govern1'his conferenceis a short coursefQf the ment but it will increase my contributionto ··tactical a lication of Nebraska overn- society ·• said Dobbertien. ~e~t sw1!nts heatlectilres o.n :ovent- · • olmer selected fot :•···resscom
Senior Am Folmer will be com tin in news writin
the Nebraska Hi· h:School Press Associa- Folmer said it's a chance for the top ten to tion competitiongMay5. Students from compete and see who'.sbest. across the state subniited articles, layouts, · "I wasfinally acknowledgedfor what I aridphotos. Thetop ten willcompete in the have been doing for the 'Advocate'the last finals. In·:the preliminary-finals Folmer three years,"said Folmer.
placed second in layout design and third in ational Librar Week reco ·nized under stars .. . .·. y g
Many attended Night Out Under the could, for it was meant to be somethingof Stars an event to reco •:•iie National Li- a talent show, according to Marj Sawin • gn brary Week,which was held at Hyde Ob- librarian. servatory in Holmes Park Wednesday, "It was so studentscould be stars," Sawin April 25. said.
It was a "carnival" event, involvingstu- Three LincolnHigh seniors who attended dents from LincolnHigh, GoodrichJunior and read poetry were Gretchen Mills, High, and Belmont Elementary. Those Andrew Fuller, and Jeff McArthur. who wanted to share something of theirs
500 attended this year's All-Sports Banquet
More than 500 people attended the All- were seniors Carrie Moore, Christie Pitts, S Ban uet awardin athletes for their ,,p<>rt$. ' .9.!. .•" g performances, Monday night.
· The ''Outstanding Athletes" this year
Shawn Smith, and MilkeGaither.
Several other awarr.l~ were pre5ented by coaches of all sports. according to Jim Sommers,athletic director.
The Olympiad, sponsored by the U.S. R.O.T.C.,the AmericanHondaFoundation, and Dupont, consistedofa seriesof individual and team events, according to Sass, events included various science disciplines such as: computers and technology, biology, earth science, chemistry, and physics.
The team included seniorsRobert Anderson, Ngoc Chau, and Davi Phelps, juniors Andy Delancey, Mitch Hirt, and Clint Nelson, and sophomoresKendra Bowen, Mara
'Living
By Karl Edlund
This year's results: Anatomy-1stplace- Hirt, Jacobsen, Genetics-2ndplace- Andersen, Physics lab- 2nd place- Nelson, Phelps, Rocks and Fossils-3rdplace- Kendra Bowen, Science Quizbowl- 1st place- Mitch Hirt, Nathan Zook, Andy Delancey, Robert Andersen, Topography-3th place-MarkNeeman Writeit, Do it- 3rd place- Nathan Zook, Kendra Bowen.
Colors' dance ·tonight
Rainbow Club and Student Council are co-sponsoringa dance tonight at 7:30. The cost is $2. The theme of the dance, "Living Colors," is to get differentcultures together in order to understand one another better, according to counselor and Rainbow Club sponsor Sue Cain.
"In our country,we have to learn to appreciate each other or we will destroy each other," said Cain.
A variety of music (different styles and periods) will be played in the west gym, while in the east gym specialevents will be held, including an egg drop, a "Simpson" Fest, a rap contest, a Nintendo tournament featuring Techmobowland Tetris, according to StudentCouncilmemberJoel Nelson.
TIie egg cttci!,~onsI~s orl!cstgnlng a casing out of straws, toothpicks, and other objects so that when an egg is droppedoff a
high place it will remain together,said Nelson.
"I think that the eggdrop may be the greatest single event in the history of organized competition, including the Olympics," he said. "The whole thing is just to have something fun."
The "Simpson" Fest will show reruns of the "Simpsons" all evening, said Nelson. Refreshmentsand cookies will be served courtesy of Student Council, Rainbow Club, and the Parent Teacher StudentAssociation. Cain said the cost of the dance was kept low because prom will be held the followingweek.
"We need to get along at LHS, so we can get along in the city, and in the state, and in the world,- said Cain ! don·t sec diffc1ences as negative, hopefullythis event will help with getting Student Council involved with minorities."
orders are never a problem
double wing shirts· now available
By Jeanne McShane
Square-Dwas the second company to join Lincoln High in the Ventures In Partnership (VIP)program. Now in the second year, the school's partnership with Square-D ha,; proven to be beneficial 10 both panics.
Toni Thomas, personnel supervisor at Square-D, said the VIP coordinating office gave them a choice of schools to work with and they chose Lincoln High.
''We chose Lincoln High because it is the biggest high school in the state, and we have a lot of employees (at SGuare-D)who have childrenattending Lincoln High, or who are alumni themselves," she said.
VIP liaison, Carl Tarlowski said the partnership works well because Lincoln High has the biggest vocational program in the city, and Square-D is on the cuttingedge of production technology.
Square-D has participated in several activities involving LHS students this year.
During Open House, they gave Square -D pens and cup insulators to people who strolled by their booth. The Swing Choir perf onned for employees during their lunch break. Advanced Photography II was assigned to take pictures of Square-D equipment for the company's quarterly newspa-per (the Newsbreaker).
''They (Square-D) have really gone over-
board to beapartofLincolnHigh," he said.
In addition to those activities, writing teacher Deborah McGinn who also works part-timeon the the Newsbreaker,said there was a poetry contest for LHS students to have their work published in the hoiday edition.
''It's (the Newsbreaker)is a national publication. It goes out to all the different branches of Square-D nationwide," McGinnsaid. ''I think it's a great experience for the students to have a chance to publish their work-its a taste of the real world of writing."
Square-D benefits from the partnership ibecause the company is able to look at possible future employees, Thomas said.
''We give students an idea of how important it is to graduate and go on to higher education,"she said. ••We show them what they can do."
Tarlowski feels the partnership has been a growing process.
''Every year we get to know each other a little better," said Tarlowski.
Thomas agreed that the program has created a positive atmosphere for both the company and the school.
''Our goal has been to achieve and to grow," Thomas said. ''It's worked great."
By Amy Folmer
"The idea behind VlP was to see what benefits both parties could receive
Monthly meetings are held with representatives from
orts ro ·ects
classes to reach different countries.
Photo by Dan Koper I
Photo by Dan koperskl
Photo by Dan Koperski
An LT&T dumpster is.filled with old phon11s.
Photo by Dan Koprski
ADVOCATE FEATURES
rov1
es a career a
By Tammy Koeppe
People who like creating art for other people, followingothers• directions, and do not mind deadlines should look into commercial art as a class and career.
Commercial art is completely different from the art many people know about, said art teacher Rose Kotwas. When thinking about art, the picture that often comes to mind is a person with a paintbrush in one hand and poverty in the other. This is untrue of commercial artistry. Ko\was said advanced commercial artists can usually get jobs easily or can use commercial art as a second job.
Art is not only oil paintings and wire sculptures. It also includes creating album and book covers, trademarks, ads and logos, she said.
Lincoln High offers two 1Commercial Art classes. Each class is one semester long. The beginningclass is for students who have not had the class before, and a second class is offered for students who have taken the
, beginning class and would like to learn more.
Senior Sean Carmichael, who is in the beginning
ears
By Yolanda Fewtails
Fears are a common element of life.
Many have experienced the fear of pain, but not as horribly as a scene Mark Robinson, senior, has brought to mind.
"The thought of a scalpel being driven into me while I'm under sedation and feeling the pain is my worst fear." said Robinson.
An experience that would give some people the chills would be the sight of a snake. Carol Tucker, computerlab instructor is afraidof them.
"It doesn't matter if the snake is one inch long or ten feet long, I still would definitely freak out if I even saw one," said Tucker
In most cases people have never had the bad experience they fear, such as the fear of drowning which has given millions of people nightmares including sophomore Wrayanne Lamont
"Drowning would have to be my worst fear, and to have no one there to save me
when I was dying has plagued my thoughts many a time while I was swimming," said Lamont.
The fears of today and the fears of the past have some similarities, and the most common among all fears is the fear of death.
"The thought of not knowing v.·hat comes next and what is beyond death is my worst fear," saidNajlaAbdullah, senior. All these fears have been attributed from the fears of the unknown, the fear that many people do not want to experience.
Resolving a fear can be harder than actually learning to be afraid of something according to psychology teacher Rick Koe• n1g.
"Desensitizationis a behavior modification therapy. If you learn to be afraid of something, you can learn not to be afraid of something," said Koenig.
lettering, and logos, said Kotwas.
The advanced students refine and improve the skills they learned in the beginning class in addition to learning computer design and ad layouts, she said.
In class, the students have deadlines they must keep, requirements such as size, color, and ideas they must follow, and students must work within a set of rules, said Kotwas. Kotwas said that these rules and requirements let the class have a glimpse of what commercial art is really like.
Commercial artists need to follow their clients' directions, said Kotwas, which can be restricting.
"I hate the deadlines, but I like the requirements because I like to have walls to bounce off of," said Carmichael.
SophomoreJenn Park, who is in the beginning class, likes learning the basics of commercial art. She said the class is "challenging."
Kotwas said to become a commercial artist, students are advised to take other classes, such as business and graphics.
Photo by Ali Johansen
CommercialArt teacher Rose Kotwas gives advice to senior Sean Carmichael as he works on a drawing.
Photo by All Johansen
Tristano (se.niorJim Bleed) and Capilano (senior Monty Stoakes) rehMJrsefor the M""'11Wrs'play "A o Wa d Saillts" to 1H resenle.dM 10 and 11 at 7:30 ill the auditorium
FEATURES ADVOCATE Students deal with stress
o u ions ro ose ors resse
By Michelle Lawson
People who have problems or those who ships.
swings, anger, and drug abuse. are under stress have a choice; they can sink Ca,,ses of internal stressful situations in-
Relieving stress is important, since everyor swim. Most would rather swim, butmany elude; high expectations, fear, inse- one is different, there are different ways to end up sinking. curity, self re- jec- deal with it
Denise Kucirek, careeers and study hall
''Stress doesn't go away. It's like bills teacheratLHSand White Hall, workswith youhavetopay. Theydon'tgoawaywithteenagersrangingfrom 14-17. C'\ out doing something about them." said
''Stress is an intangible element that '\ Kucirek.
comes into life with a feeling that others are
A stressed person can do things to controlling a person and gives a sense of make his or her life more rewarding hopelessness," said Kucirek. and fullfilling in the future. Some
Dianne Leggiadro, counselor and a Peer things teens can do are exercise, take a Helping sponsor, worksmainlywithLin- , long shower or bath, take time out for coin High students. " themself, journal their feelings, not ig-
''Stress comes from trying to balance noring the problem but dealing with it, all demands at one time. Something and most of all talking to somethat causes tension, uncomfort and one they feel safe with; someone anxiety." said Leggiadro. they can trust and cares about
Phil Jefferson, a mental health they. counselor at the Lincoln Corr«-
"The key is surrounding tional Center, works with people CJ yourself with people who have who are 17-35. a good value system. People
'' Any situation or circumstanee who you can trust and feel safe that appears to betoo overwhelming," A with," said Jefferson." It's imporsaid Jefferson.
Celeste Wojtalewicz is a Child Protec-
tant to know that they care for you.
Good friends with good relationships live Service Case Worker for the Depart-
1:51
, go a long way in life." ment of Social Services. She works with
" If stress is not taken care of illchildren who range in age from infancy nesses may develop, depression to 19.
will be a way of life, and parents
''If you have a frog and you put it in .,-:. will become abusive to their children," boiling water. it will die right away. Stress and rejection of others. said Wotjalewicz. is like putting a frog into a panof cold water Signs of stress may include: Sleepless- Jefferson has worked with many people and turning on the burner, the frog begins to ness, daydreaming (escaping reality), body who have had a stressful childhood home adapt to the heat but eventually it gets too tension, headaches, stomach aches (that and because they couldn't deal with it, they hot and it dies. Same result but one is faster could result in ulcers), never laughing, nerv- ended up in trouble with the law. than the other," Wojtalewicz said. ousness, looking tired, being teary eyed,
"That is what happens when people don't External situations that can be stressful · showing a big change in behavior, with- deal with the hurts and pains inside them," include things like work, being abused (ei- drawing from people, not caring about he said. ''The reason they can't deal with ther mentally or physically), dealing with things that used to , be important, missing hurts and pains is because they don't have teache,s and pmc,,ts, and broken relation- school, tacking enc:;igy, having emotional good relationships with people or themselves."
iris place first, boys place econd at city track ITieet·
The girls' track team placed frrst in the City Track meet April 27 and the boys' placed second, according to girls' coach JeanHenrichs,and boys' coach Bob White.
The girls' team set two records at the meet. Seniors Rachel Sandhorst, Angy Tussing, Angie Hudson and Amy Tussing have the best time in the city in the 3200meter relay, and Carrie Moore set a new record for the 100-meterhigh hurdles, according to Henrichs.
The team will compete in the Greater NebraskaConfrence meet May 5 at Beechner Field and districts May 10, also at Beechner. ,_
"Those who place in the top four of an event or relay at districts will be allowed to compete in state," said Henrichs. The state meet is May 18 at Omaha Burke.
The boys' varsity team is gearing up for the district and state meets also, according to assistant coach Alex Czeranko.
Last weekend the boys were runner-up in the city championships,with a score of 73. Southeast was first with 103, East fmished third with 57 points, and Northeast finished with 25.
Junior Chris Swanson placed frrst, and senior T J. Hubbard placed second in the 3200-meterevent.
"All we ask is that our kids do better than they did the week before, and they will keep improving and become highly competitive," said Czeranko.
Events to watch are the 1600-and 3200meter runs, according to Czeranko. He feels that their strength is definitely in their long-distaneeruns.
Steroids play part in sports .
By Max Banwell
In the Olympics of 1988, Canadian Ben Johnson won the 100-meter dash and set a new world record. After his victory he was stripped of his gold medal and world record because steroids were found in his blood.
People of today are more concerned with their bodies than in the past. With the health scares of today, more men and women are becoming involved in athletic activities.
To acheive more power and strength in their muscles they lift weights and work out But what if they are not satisfied, and want to be stronger faster? This is when people turn to steroids.
Steroids are the male hormone testosterone. When put into the body steroids increase the hormone count to twice the normal amount, according to health and physical education teacher HaroldSimpson.
"By having double tllte amount of hormones, they increase your strength and power in half the time it would take naturally," Simpson said.
Simpson said the increase in power and strength in such a short time is why people take the risk of steroids.
Simpson said steroids can have some ill side effects such as: increased acne, higher blood pressure which can lead to heart attacks, and failure of the liver and kidneys which may lead to death.
''People who are caught using steroids should be treatedjust like other people who arecaught using illegal drugs, because steroids are an illegal drug," Simpson said. These consequences would include going through treatment for their addiction.
One Lincoln High athlete had some different feelings about steroids. Sophomore Mike Sinkule feels that the pressure of winning might be a reason people use steroids.
"Winning is very important to a lot of people and they will do anything to win," Sinkule said.
occer istricts start
By Meli~a Johnson
The boys' and girls' varsity soccer teams start districts this week. The boys will play Grand Island at 3 p.m. tomorrow at Den Hartogfield, and the girls play at Trinity in Omaha today at 6 p.m.
The girls' team beat Northeast earlier this season with a score of2-0. If the team wins their first game, they will go on to district fmals and play Omaha Marion, the number one team in the state,according to coach Jeff Venema.
The team has a season record of 2-8 which Venema consideres good and bad.
"It's like a double-edgedsword, when we play tough teams we become better, but our record hurts because of it." he said.
Senior Rachel Lage felt this years team plays well together.
''I .ast year there were many new players ·struggling,but with the returning memba's, the team has improved," said Lage.
The boys' team will play Grand Island for the second time this season in its first district game. LHS beat Grand Island in the season game 3-1 said coach John Matzke.
"If they win tomorrow, they go on to district fmals Monday, and the winner goes to state," said Matzke.
"The team has played well," he said. "Their record is 7-6, and five of the losses were to teams ranked in the top ten."
Photo by Dan Koperski
The city record-holding
team warms up for the City Meet.
est• en1ors rom ievement.
Winners of the 1989-90 JA Company Program:
Most Valuable Achievers:
Tabby Geweke
Kendra Bowen
Deborah Buhr
Ronda Powell
Yolanda Few Tails
Mitch Hirt
Academic Scholarship Recipients:
Kin Lam, $500, Coopers & Lybrand
Julie Copley, $500, Fisrer Foods
John Svoboda, $500, Foote & Davies/Lincoln
Gretchen Hall, $500, L.I.B.A Business Bowl Winners: Andy Pappas
Chris Slaughter
Executive Award: John Svobda
Top Sales: Andy Pappas
Mitch Hirt
Outstanding Young Businessman: 1st Place - Mitch Hirt
Public Relations Vice President: 1st Place - Kendra Bowen
Source: Lincoln Star, No,. 29, 1989
COVER: ''There was an old lady who lived in a shoe, she had so many children she didn't know what to do ... " Lincoln Public Schools and Lincoln High are faced with a similar crisis. Year-round schools and the renovation of PSAB may help.
NEWS:
Senior Awards/ClassGift
Senior Luncheon/Moonbum '90/Lighthouse Newsbriefs
SPORTS:
Two seniors excel Athletes plan college careers
Track team sends 21 to State Column--Behind Home Plate
FEATURES:
Students find classic buys at local thrift stores
A Lincoln High year in review ''The Simpsons'' take LHS by storm
EDITORIALS:
Senior commentaries by: Betsy Wagner, Amy Folmer, Tina Koeppe, Jeanne McShane, Ali Johansen, Andrew Fuller, Karen Nalezinek
Guest commentary: T.J. McDowell
Co Editors in Chief: Amy Folmer& Tina Koeppe
Copy Editor: Jeanne McShane
Business Manager: Brandy Toumbs
News Editor: Matt Streckfuss
Features Editor: Vikram Jaswal
Co Sports Editors: Todd Sandberg & Karen Nalezinek
Business Staff: Jessica Friendt & Jennifer Powell
Graphics Master: Jason Bretz
Photographers: AliJohansen,Mark Janike, Jack Dempsey, Dan Koperski
Lincoln High School 22nd & '' J'' Streets Phone- 477-8755 Lincoln, NE 68502
Cover story: Overcrowding presents challenge to LHS
By Vikram Jaswal
recent architectural study found that none of Lincoln High School's 58 general purpose classrooms meets the desired district minimum of 7 50 square feet. In fact, six of the rooms are so small that they "should not be considered classrooms," the study indicated.
According to Larry Hennings, supervisor for maintenance, the district average minimum classroom size is 30 square feet per student. Multiply this by the "ideal" class size of 25 students, and one gets 750 square feet, he said. Of course, these numbers do not take into account very small classes, such as those in special education, or very large classes, such as band.
''They have not learned certain things that could be easily taught by using labs (in a larger room). Instead they have to listen to me spiel."
--Steve Ferris
"They 're not concrete numbers," Hennings said. "They're only meant to be used as a rule of thumb."
Lincoln High' s average classroom size is 550-575 square feet, according to Principal Sam Nelson. Equally distressing is the fact that the average number of students in a class is not 25, but 28.
Science teacher Steve Ferris, who teaches biology and botany in a converted social studies room, said his large class sizes and small room have made it hard for him to do labs, which has deprived his students of many scientific experiences.
"They have not learned certain things that could be easily taught by using labs (in a larger room). Instead they have to listen to me spiel," he said.
At one time, Lincoln High housed nearly 3,000 students in the original building alone, according to Nelson. However, at that time most teachers chose only to lecture, computers were unknown, and fewer class choices ' were offered, said Assistant Principal of Instruction Kathy Raymer.
''Today, our programs have definitely expanded to meet the needs of society and to prepare people for whatever they do in society," she said.
New course offerings, new teachingstyles (which include more student involvement and "hands-on" projects) and the need for computer labs in nearly every department have made it impossible for the present building to hold over 2,000 students.-and the 1,862 who now attend are cramped. A study showed that LHS, the parking lots and the soon-to-be-acquired Public Schools AdministrationBuilding (PSAB) cover only 25 acres, one-half of the recommended area for a school its size.
Industrial technology, renovated in 1986 by adding 31,470 square feet, is the only one of the 14 departments which requires no renovation, according to the study. The science department is lacking two lab/classrooms, one computer lab, a greenhouse, and Plans for Lincoln High, I including PSAB,
after I
a minimumteacher resource area. The square foot deficit is estimated at 7,562.
PSAB: The lack of space in the science and home economics departments will be solved by Lincoln High's annexation of the PSAB building. The building, immediately south of LHS, will provide an additional 37,560
''Today,
--Kathy Raymer
square feet and 150 more parking spaces.
The acquisition process began in 1988 when State Farm Insurance Co. agreed to lease its former offices at 5901 0 St. to LincolnPublic Schools. The building was to be leased as the LPS administrationbuilding for $1 per year for the next 10 years. Meanwhile, State Farm moved to 84th and 0 streetsand received 23 acres close to its new site from LPS.
The administrationoffices were originally to move to the new locationduring the 19891990school year, so that Lincoln High could move into the renovated PSAB building in January 1990. The cost for renovation was to be $400,000.
Now, however, the administration building will not move until this summer, and renovations are not expected to be completed at PSAB until January 1992, according to Meg Lauerman, assistant to superintendent for publications. The delay is due to the financial impact and the needs of other
Second Floor
schools in the district. said Nelson.
"I believe our needs are far greater (than those of other schools) and should have a high priority, but I realize other buildings have needs too," he said.
The price of "frrst priority" renovationhas also been changed to $2.7 million, a far cry from the expected $400,000. The renovation plan has been changed to include: remodelingof PSAB,remodelingof vacated LHS roomsand renovationand expansionof the existing west first floor corridor.
''/ believe our needs are far greater (than those of other schools) and should have a high priority, but I
realizeother.buildings have needs too."
--Sam Nelson
"Second priority" constructionplannedfor Lincoln High includes: remodelingexisting classrooms of less than 650 square feet and the building of 12 new math classrooms in the two-floorcorridorbetweenLincolnHigh and PSAB for $1.9 million.
"Third priority" constructionwill cost $1.4 million, adding a new pool and converting the existing pool to P.E. classrooms. A new two-court practice gym will be added at a cost of $1.1 million under a "fourth priority" construction plan. •
To make all suggested renovations using each of the four construction plans carries a total price tag of $7 .1 million.
Even with all these renovations, Nelson said he does not expect to gain any additional classrooms because small rooms will be combined to form larger rooms.
''We're not going to end up with more classroomsbecause of the redesignationand reallocation of space," he said. Third Floor
ear-roun 00 S fOVl
By Vikram Jaswal
s enrollment in Lincoln Pubic Schools reaches 27,337 students, officials are searching for a way to relieve serious overcrowding problems.
"All space at LPS is being used to its capacity," said Meg Lauerman, assistant to the superintendent for publications.
According to Lauerman, an expected growth of 1,000 in the district next year is causing more schools to be closed to transfers than not. Lincoln High and Northeast were the only high schools open to transfers this year. She said the diversity of LHS appeals to many.
"Many students opt to transfer in because it adds to their education and gives them an extended view of the world," she said.
Eventually, Lincoln High may be closed because it is already reaching its capacity of 2,000 students. Current enrollment in all four high schools is 5,548, while the estimated capacity is 6,000. According to projections, that number will be reached by 1993.
Building a new high school would cost $30 million, according to architects. Because $21.3 million in renovations need to be made to the existing high schools, school administrators do not consider building financially feasible.
This year, forty-eight portable
classrooms were used to help solve the overcrowding problems in the district, according to Lauerman. Next year, the district will purchase 48 more, including six to be used at East High.
Year-round schools: However, portable classrooms are only a temporary solution. The idea of a school system in which the school buildings are used year round and students attend, for instance, four of five 9-week sections has been suggested.
This is not the first time yearround school has been proposed. A study was done in 1973, but the purpose was to improve the quality of education, not solve overcrowding problems. Although the school system was never changed, a legislative bill was passed allowing school districts to convert to yearround school.
A task force consisting of community members as well as administrators was formed on May 15 to determine the possibility of the proposal. Nine subcommittees will each study one of the following: instructional programs; student scheduling; student activities, athletes and vacations; curriculum and staff development; staffing; maintenance and transportation; construction, renovation and air conditioning; enrollment growth projections; and other
considerations.
According to Lauerman, at least two subcommittees have begun to collect data, and the others are expected to begin soon. On Aug. 14, recommendations will be made to theLincolnBoardofEducation. The Board will vote "yes" or "no" at the Aug. 28 meeting. If the board endorses it, the year-round school plan will be placed on the Nov. 6 ballot for approval by Lincoln voters. If voters approve, on July 1, 1991, LPS will begin year-round school operation.
"If it's not something Lincoln wants, obviously we won't do it," said Lauerman. ''This is in no way a done deal."
Currently, 85 school districts and 525,000 students are on 12 different year-round school calendars, she said. SanDiego,SaltLakeCity,and Las Vegas have converted, and Los Angeles is expected to by July 1991.
There seem to be many advantages to year-round schools. Because students would be on different tracks, the theory is that it there would be fewer students in a building at one time, said Lauerman. The fact that the buildings would be used all year would appeal to taxpayers, according to Kathy Raymer, assistant principal for instruction.
"From a consumer or taxpayer's standpoint, to have so many school
tions
buildings sitting around idle is not cost effective," she said.
According to Charles Ballanger, executive director for the National Association for Year-Around Education, as quoted in the Lincoln Journal, March 29, 1990, the cost of converting to year-round schools would be less than that of building a new school. Also, students would not tend to forget things over the summer vacation because they would have shorter vacations, but more of them, Lauerman said. She said students might have the opportunity go to school year-round, thereby speeding up their graduation.
However, the drawbacks include the costs of air conditioning and 12month staffing and maintenance. Lauerman said it is not yet known whether these costs would be less than the $69 million in renovations needed in the public schools. Regardless of whether LPS opts for year-round schools, she said new schools would be needed.
"It's not an either-or situation," she said.
According to Principal Sam Nelson, renovations and the annexation of the Public Schools Administration Building to Lincoln High would continue as planned, even if a change in the school calendar was made.
"It wouldn't be a problem because we've been under constant renovation ( during the school year) for ten years," he said.
Many people are concerned they would not be able to participate in athletics or activities if they chose not to attend school during the session it was scheduled for. Lauerman said students probably would simply go to school whenever the activity was held. For sports, that would mean coming to the after-school practices and attending the competitions.
Nelson said the issue of year-round schools needs to be examined closely
"I don't think it is as effective for solving the problem of overcrowding (as people think). I think it's only an immediate, or temporary, solution," Nelson said.
Raymer agreed.
"It will solve part of the problem, • but it's not a solution to the space crunch," she said.
· Gen:n a if Awaril · catstud nt Award scotfA Gatushif
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BurkettR. Powell Clothing and Design Award OlenC. Smith 'l'royC.Bishop < VoradaRuenprom VoradaRuenprom LouisArmstrong Jazz Aw11fij\ ShawnLeeMark~I/ Rachelc. Saridhorst food Servi~e Award ··.:
Teri L. Sparling
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Natio11alScltoe>lChoral Award GretchenHall
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Harry Sidney Dobbins Award• Nutrlti(>na nd •F~ Aw~ri;I
NCSM(Mathefuatlcs)Awatd Mefuorlalscholarshl:::: GIris Athletic Award ·•·
RachelSaridhorst < Troy A. Reddick . . Office EducationAward VoradaRuenprom Marketing Education Award DawnC. Steuding
case c osen as c ass
Stephanie Godeker
A display case was chosen as the senior class gift by the senior advisory committee for the 1990 class gift, according to Dick Patterson, counselor.
The case will be used to display the class pictures and will be designed to hold ten pictures.
The display case, a dark walnut frame with sliding glass, will be mounted outside of the media center,said counselor Marti Oakeson.
"This year's senior gift is truly representational of the senior class because it contains a picture of everyone in the senior class," said Oakeson.
The pictures were on display in the media center but were taken down because people
left fingerprints on them, said Marj Sawin, media specialist
Patterson said students were always looking al the pictures when they were in the media center.
''There has never been, or never will, be a senior gift that will be more looked at than this year's," he said.
Patterson said he hopes other classes will give display cases so there will be a "Senior Gallery Wall" in the future, which would display the class pictures of each year.
Lincoln High started taking class pictures five years ago.
The senior advisory committee must come up with a gift that requires no maintenance
and that will last, said Oakeson. It is important for senior gifts to constantly be on display so alumni can come back and see their own class gifts the gifts of other classes.
Some gifts have not been practical; one class gave a fountain that had no drain, said Oakeson.
Some class gifts have been put down in the basement, like old pictures and the globe.
The globe was a gift from the Class of 1973. It is in need of repair, said Patterson. The globe was recently used on Earth Day to put non-recyclable garbage in. It symbolized a broken earth that needs repair.
The Class of 1973 will restore the globe and put it back on display.
May 24, 1990 .91.avocate
ose to seniors atten unc eon
By Mitch Hirt
Nearly 200 seniors attended the Senior Luncheon May 16, one of the largest groups ever for the event, said counselor Dick Patterson, who was involved with its organization.
The activity was held in the West Gym, where seniors were treated ·to cookies, pop, and Valentino'spizza, for $4. Music was furnished by John Bruce, media specialist.
Accordingto counselor Dianne Leggiadro, this activity was an opportunity for seniors to have fun with their friends.
"It is a chance after the Senior Awards for the students to have a nice time, hang out, and socialize withfriends,"said Leggiadro.
entation of Senior Awards. It was organized by several counselors in accordance with the senior advisory committee, said Patterson. The committee consists of junior Mikahla Beutler, and seniors Lisa Horton, T.J. Hubbard, Mark Janike, Jennifer Jones, and Bethel Stuart. Patterson said this same committee was also very involved in helping to choose the senior gift. Hubbard said he sees the event as being a very good idea.
"It's a good relaxation after the stressful three hours of awards," he said.
Patterson said it is one of the last get-togethers for seniors, in a few days the same group will never be together again.
16,following
The luncheon lasted all of fourthperiod,followingthe pres- Senior Cori Engle added, "It is alastchanceforsocializingwith everybody is leaving and going many of your friends because separate ways."
By Yolanda Few Tails
Moonbum 1990 is scheduled for tomorrow, from 9 p.m. to 5 a.m. at the Agricultural Hall in the State Fair grounds.
The event is held annually to help high school students choose a safer and better way to celebrate the last day of school. A night of music, dancing, volleyball and watching movies should appeal to many students. To top off these events, free food and free soft drinks are to be served according to Terrie Stanich, youth program coordinator.
The bands performing are High Heel and the Sneakers and The Young Executives. The bands play music which will keep students dancing all night, she said.
"High Heel and the Sneakers play top forty music, and The Young Executives play dance rock," said Stanich.
"We're looking forward to a lot of students showing up and having a good time," said Stanich.
.9lavocate:May24, 1990 ~ws
Over 2,500 students attended this activity last year, and 662 were from Lincoln High.
This is an opportunity to meet new and interesting people from different schools and to have a good time, she said.
Junior Chantel Thompson said she really enjoyed the dance last year.
"There were so many people from different schoolsand it was very crowded, but the festivities were a lot of fun," said Thompson. "I met interesting people there who I still hang out with."
Limited edition Moonbum '90 t-shirts can be purchased for $6.50, according to Stanich.
If any students would like to auend this event and failed to receive a ticket, they can get one by going down to the Lincoln Council on Alcohol and Drugs Center, at 914 "L" st. Tickets will not be given at the entrance, Stanich said.
A meeting place for teens between the ages of 14-19 will be opening June 15 at 17thand G streets.
The Lighthouse is described as a completely free meeting place that will virtually run itselfwithprograms like AA and Alateen. Workshops on self esteem, stress, and any other clubs wishing to utilize the facility for meetings will be able to rent space.
Pete Allman, sponsor of the program, said he got the idea last summer when he went to the Covenant House in New York City. He wanted this to be a place where troubled and untroubled kids cot1ld go for entertainment and relaxation in Lincoln.
It will offer many activities including tiedye classes, theme nights, and a sound room where people can go to compose their own music. It is hoped lhat a "home environment" will be established.
Funding for the project came from the Woods Foundation, and the Cooper Foundation, along with various personal donations in excess of $50,000.
Photo by Mark Janlke
Harvey Stoner, mJJthteacher, serves Valentino's pizza at the Senior LU11cheon held May
the Senior Awards Convocation.
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Angie Podiska is a freshman attending the University of Nebraska, majoring in education. Sl1e is a graduate of Lincoln High where she was a member of the National Honor Society and a cheerleader. This is her third year with Amigos and the two years she worked during high school gave her tenure in the S.T.E.P. program. Amigos will give Angie a check for 35% of this semester's tuition ($216.30) in addition to her hourly wages.
• • en1ors exce Ill a
By Christie Pitts
wo young women could be seen cheering on Lhevarsity cheerleading squad, running or jumping to faster times, having ace hils or performing new and challenging flips, making small splashes as they enter the pool and achieving good grades this year.
Senior Carrie Moore lettered in three varsity sports. She lettered in gymnastics three times and twice in both diving and track.
Despite all the time she devoted IOsports, she ranked in the upper 13 percent of her class and is a member of National Honor Society.
Moore has made it to State tournam e nts in all thre e sports.
As a sophomore, she went to State in gymnastics and competed in individual events. Moore said many upperclassmen were ranked ahead of her, but she liked competing for the team.
Thi s year she went to State and placed lenth in the uneven bars and lwelfth in the vaull. She said she was not satisfied with her efforl s , but was glad she had lheopportunily to go to State.
Moore went to State for diving both years she competed in the sport.
A few years ago, track was foreign to Moore, but now track is her first love because she holds the school record in the 100meter high hurdles with a time of 15.6 seconds, which she achieved this year at the district meet. Sheimprovedhertimeof 15.7 from last year.
"I didn't think I had the ability to do what I did in the hurdles," said Moore.
Last year, Moore finished seventh in the final heat of the 100-meter high hurdles. This year, Moore said she would like a medal, but most of all she would like to better her time.
In addition to sports, she is a member of the varsity cheerleading squad. Last summer she was chosen to be an All-American Cheerleader. As an All-American Cheerleader she was given a choice IOcheer in different cities. Moore chose IO go to New YorkCity IOparticipateinthe Macy'sThanksgiving Day Parade.
Moore said she plans to attend the University of Nebraska in the fall and IOmajor in veterinary medicine.
She has thought about walking on at Nebraska IOparticipate in the 100-meter high hurdles.
It's third period, and whose voice is heard over the intercom reading those announcements? No, not Amy Folmer, the other voice: senior Kathy Crump.
Crump said sports have taught her responsibility and how to manage her time.
She has lettered in volleyball twice and diving and track three times each. She said the hard work, dedication and energy she has put into sports has paid off in her school work.
Crump was president of both National Honor Society and Girls' "L" Club. She is a member of Rainbow Club and Peer Helpers. She also participated at Girls' State and Girls' Nation last summer.
Crump was a varsity cheerleader, and was co-captain during the fall sport season. Crump also was an All-American Cheerleader. She chose to cheer at the Aloha Bowl in Hawaii.
Crump competed at the state diving meet all three years. During her sophomore year she placed seventh.during her junior year
she placed third, and during her senior year she placed fourth.
Crump said that her junior year was her best year as a diver. This year she missed a
increase speed and stamina needed for sprints week and got sick, which dampened her performance some, but she was also performing some new and difficult dives.
Crump has been a consistant runner for the track team over the last three years. As a sophomore she qualified for state in the 100meter dash and the 400-meter relay. Her junior year she qualified on the 400- meter relay, and this year she qualified in the 100and 200-meter dashes and as part of the 400meter relay.
She feels that the 400-meter relay could place at the State meet. She would like to make finals in both the 100- and 200-yard' dashes. If she does not make finals in both of those events, she would like IO end her track career at Lincoln High school with some personal best times.
Crump will major in political science at Yale University. She is thinking about partic.;ipatingin diving or track.
Photo by Jack Dempsey Carrie Moore practices hurdles to improve her school record time.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Kathy Crump knows ii takes hard work to
By Karen Nalezinek and Todd Sandberg
his year's senior class is honored to have several athletes who are continuing their athletic careers in college.
Jeff Foster will travel the farthest to attend college. He will be heading to Northeast Louisiana on a full scholarship for swimming. Foster will receive around $4,000 a year.
"I wrote to a lot of colleges and filled out questionaires and then
''! loved the environment, it's Division 1, and/' LLbe the fastest bac·kstrokerthere,"
--Jeff Foster
NortheastLouisiana set up a visit and paid for everything," said Foster. "I loved the environment, it's Division I, and I'll be the fastest backstroker there."
Foster plans to major in environmental biology.
Planning to attend Nebraska Wesleyan is Rachel Sandhorst, who will participate in track. Sandhorst took the initiative and wrote schools about track. Then she received replies and questionaires from coaches.
After she wrote of her accomplishments in track, the coach from Wesleyan contacted her.
"I wanted to go out of state, but I'm basically pleased to go to Wesleyan," said Sandhorst.
Psychology will be Sandhorst' s major. She hopes to become a professor.
Attending Midland Lutheran in Fremont will be Bryan Hudkins for baseball and Jim Gibson for both baseball and football.
Hudkins was first -contacted by Midland during last year's American Legion baseball season. Hudkins' major may be wildlife management.
"Midland wants me to start as
a freshman," said Hudkins. "I'll just see what happens. Perhaps I may be able to go to a better climate like down south to play some ball."
Gibson received a scholarship for both football and baseball. He is content to keep playing both sports.
"I'm pretty much pleased to go to Midland. I would have liked to play Division I though," said Gibson.
He will major in business.
Basketball standout Mike Gaither will be heading to Norfolk Junior College. Norfolk first contacted him a month after this year's basketball season. Gaither talked to some Division 2 schools, but he chose to go to a juniorcollege so could play right away.
''/' m excited to swim for UNL because although/' ve been swimming for almost 12 years, it will be a completely different experience for me.''
--Ann Tidball
Gaither wants to go into broadcasting so he can stay around sports.
"I' II probably get more experience in broadcasting at Norfolk in the two years than four years at UNL," said Gaither.
Dan McPherson will be heading to Doane to play football. Doane frrst contacted him in last November.
"Doane will be a good college to go to because it's a small college," said McPherson."Plus, the players will be about my size. They need me as a deep snapper, and hopefully I'll start by my junior year."
Physical education will be
McPherson's major. He hopes to coach after college.
Two athletes will be attending the University of Nebraska in Omaha. Both Mike Gesch and Ben Whitely-Murphy received scholarships for basketball and wrestling respectively.
Gesch received a $3,000 scholarship to play basketball. He was contacted last November.
"Hastings and Tarkio also talked to me, but UNO seemed like the best choice," said Gesch, who will major in business.
Whitely-Murphy received a scholarship to wrestle at UNO.
Terry Berks will play football next fall for Wayne State. Berks who received a partial scholarship, was contacted by several schools, but he chose Wayne State because the coach game him more personal attention.
"Wayne isa building program, I can relate real good with the coaches there," said Berks.
Business will be his major.
He said Wayne is a nice place to study with no distractions.
Kurt Fessler will play football at AdamsState in Alamosa,Colo. He was first contacted by them two months ago. (Other colleges that contacted him were Northern Colorado, Doane, and Fort Hays of Kansas.)
Fessler will walk on at Adams. He wants to major in criminal justice.
''Wayne is a building program, I can relate real good with the coaches there."
--Terry Berks
Ann Tidball and Burkett Powell will be continuing their athletic careers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
The head swimming coach at UNL arrived at Tidball's house about a month ago and asked her if she would like to walk on as a swimmer, Tidball said.
Tidball then went on a recruiting trip to the campus to see the facilities and meet the staff and coaches.
"I'm excited to swim for UNL because although I've been swimming for almost 12 years, it will be a completely different experience for me,"she said.
Tidball chose UNL so she could stay in Lincoln and because she felt like they really wanted her to swim for them.
''I chose UNL because their gymnastics program is number one in the country.''
--Burkett Powell
"I got scholarship offers from other schools I was looking at, but none of them showed the interest that UNL did," Tidball said.
The head gymnastics coach showed a similiar interest in Powell, offering him a full-ride scholarship. The scholarship includes 12hourspersemesterand up to 12 hours for summer sessions for five years, Powell said.
''I chose UNL because their gymnastics program is number one in the country, and they have a better institution than they're given credit for," said Powell.
Powell said he wanted to remain in Lincoln to stay near his parents and sister.
" I•m also treated very well by everyone at the University," Powell said.
Seniors Angie Hudson and Shawn Smith have yet to decide if they will walk-on at UNL for track and football.
com • zne
senior ta ent
trengt prope s trac teams to estate meet
By Karen Nalezinek
he LHS track team was more than represented at this year's state track meet, May 18and 19,atBurkeHighSchool.
The girls won the district meet, beating some of the top ranked teams, includingSoutheast (their all time rivals) and Millard South.
The boys also did well at districts, placing fifth. Eight team members qualified for State.
The girls qualified 13 members in 18 events.
According to head coach Jean Henrichs, prior to the meet three of the girls were dealing with injuries, but he thought they would be okay for the state meet.
"I hope we finish in the top five. I'm pretty confident we will," Henrichs said before the meet. "We have a strong senior class and a talented sophomore class, all the kids have worked hard this season."
Seniors Angy Tussing and Laura Seidel competed in four events, the maximum number one individual could enter at the State meet. Tussing ran the open 800-meter, open 1600meter, open 3200-meter and the 3200-meter relay with seniors
Amy Tussing,Angie Hudsonand Rachel Sandhorst. Their 3200-meter relay team had the year's fastest time in the state after the district meet.
Seidel ran the open 100-meter, open 200-meter, 400-meter relay and the 1600-meterrelaywith Sandhorst and sophomoresCory Fritz and Chris King.
Senior Kathy Crump and Sand-
horst each competed in three events. Crump's events include the open 100-meter, open 200meter and the 400-meter relay. In addition to the 3200-meter relay and 1600-meter relay, Sandhorst ran in the open 800meter.
In the jumping events, senior Christie Pitts and junior Sharon Okra competed in the longjump.
Sophomore Jen Carlson competed in the high jump. Senior Carrie Moore competed in the 100-meter high hurdles. Pitts and sophomore Stephanie Arehart ran in the 400-meter relay with Seidel and Crump.
The boys' 3200-meter relay team included senior Mike Gaither, juniors Chris Swanson, Rod Beery and freshman Jeff Daniels. Gaither ran the open 800-meter, while Swanson ran in the open 1600-meter run and open 3200-meter run with senior T.J. Hubbard.
In jumping events, senior Shawn Clymer jumped the 110meter high hurdles. Sophomore Chad Blahak competed in the high jump.
Junior Roger Funk took a disapointing fall, and broke his leg. He was city and conference champion in the triple jump. Unfortunately he won't be able to compete in the state meet
Editors' note: the Advocate went to press before the results of the state meet were available.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Junior Chris Swanson rounds the corner in his leg of the 3200-meter relay
Bobby Ferr el warms up for his shot evenl.
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Photo by Jack Dempsey
Angy Tussing completes the last leg of the winning 3200meter relay.
As balls fly through the sky,
'-------..J
I see images in my mental eye. A season of a memory, Sounds and sights and history. Skies burn off blue, Fields laced with dew. Wind smells of spring, As sweet as Will Clark's swing.
Behind Home Plate
By Todd Sandberg
he sun shines down and reflects off the dew of the freshly mowed grass. For you traditionalists, that's grass, not Astroturf.
One man (or woman, can't be sexist now) stands between "heroism" and "goatism." Softly in control you dribble a soccer ball towards your destination. One on one. The most exciting play in soccer. In your mind you see the ball sail over the goalie's hands and in the top left corner of the goal as the net grabs the ball and drops it gently onto the ground. Teammates jump up, fans cheer, and theopposinggoalie stands alone.
The dirt is as smooth as glass around the base paths. The outfield grass looks like a sheet of ice. The "crack" of, whoops, sorry traditionalists,"ping" of the bat sends the ball sailing towards South America. The ball
bangs off the wall as you round first heading for second. You decide to stretch it to a triple, racing toward third and slide underneath the tag. Standing up, hearing the cheers, you know that your mom is going to be mad because you got your white unifonn all dirty.
The 18th tee. Up by a stroke. The ball is teed up, and a 422-yard par four is staring you in the face. Your drive couldn't be straighter. Approaching your ball you know nothing can stop you now. Three iron in your hand, the green in your sight, and the trophy in your mind, you watch the ball glide towards the green and lands soft like landing on a moist brownie. Three feet from glory. (Nice year G-string)
She's been putty in your hands all day, playing to your strengths. You are serving for the match, and your team is counting on you for the dual meet. A short ball to your
forehand, "crunch" as you punish the ball. Right on the line and your opponent is looking for mercy. Forty to love, your serve, ace. Game, set, and match.
The championship heat. The best are there to match talents. Intimidation plays a vital role, and you're the intimidator. "On your mark." You approach the block. Sweat already rolls down the back of your neck. "Get set." Muscles tighten and the pulse quickens. The gun sounds. Your start was perfect. It seems like the finish line is coming towards you. The only thing in your sight is the tape; the only thing in your opponent's sight is your back.
As the school year comes to an end, so does the spring sport season, the last sport season for many seniors. Congratulationsto all and good luck in the years ahead. May they be filled with hat tricks, home runs, holes in one, aces, and new records.
Thrift stores recognized as the mall alternative
By Tina Koeppe
Youenter the thrift store for other interesting finds, as and are greeted by a gal- well as unique gifts. axy of clothing racks. They "I bought a pair of really nice beckon to you, slowly at first, riding pants with leather knees and then suddenly you find your- once," she said. self fervently shuffling through Junior Jose Perez Bernardez pas Leipolyester leisure suits, old listed "ugly orange hats," flowWorld's of Funt-shirts, Michael erect shirts and jeans as some of Jackson style-jackets, in search the things he looks for when he of unique treasures--items un- goes into thrift stores. paralleled by anything you could "I'm always looking for a pair find in a retail clothing store of combat boots, but I never find Then you find it, perhaps it is a any," he said. "The best thing I dressjustliketheoneBetteDavis have found so far was a real wore in the last scene of"What- hospital uniform." ever Happpened to Baby Jane?" Sophomore Clay Lewis said Maybe it's an elaborately em- he shops for pants to tum into broidered silk kimono. Imagine shorts. He said once he found a buying a batiked shirt someone pair of pants exactly like some may have worn to Woodstock, hehadathome Thepantsatthe or finding a fedora once belong- thrift store cost $2, and he said ing to Al Capone Other inter- he had paid around $35 for the estingpossibilitiescouldinclude pair he had bought in a retail finding an antique tuxedo or a store. beaded flapper dress from the "You need to have a certain 1920's. taste and a good eye. You nave Junior Cara Woodson named to go in and know what you're "Second Wind," a specialty vin- looking for, but it's also great to tage store, as her favorite place find really cool things that you to buy older clothes. weren't even looking for," he "There's a super nice woman said. there and she's always cool about Junior Erin Watson said likes helping me find what I'm look- to go into second hand stores ing for," she said. and browse for long amounts of Junior Annette Carver said her time. favorite place to buy vintage "I like the huge variety of colclothing was the Community ors, and the way that most eveThrift Store. She said selection rything on one clothing rack is and the amount of incoming new different. My parents don't have merchandise were some of the to dish out a lot of money for me things she liked about Commu- to get new clothes. I prefer to nity Thrift. buy older clothesanyway--they "I've found some really fasci- are much more comfortable," nating things in there," said she said. Carver. "Ialsodon'tliketospend Junior Stacy Johnson said she more than $3 when I go thrift has found many bargains during shopping, and the prices there thrift-shopping ventures. are usually pretty reasonable " "I have found a lot of stuff that She said she looks for Levis people shouldn't have thrown jeans when she goes shopping, away," she said. as well as plaid clothing and Maybe you'll agree. If you get oversized men's Oxford shirts. a chance this summer, escape Woodson said lately she has the harsh newnessofretail shopbeen looking for beaded sweat- ping and wallow in the coziness ers, but is also on the look-out of a thrift store.
16 :Jvfay24, 1990 .9lavocate ~eatures
Vintage treasures allure individualistic tastes
Photos by Ali Johansen
earremem
Compiled by Matt Streckfuss
ere ors irit an
the Valantine's dance; Rap won by an overwhelming majority.
" 1
his year will be remembered as the year the Berlin Wall came down, and democracy swept across Eastern Europe. Some people will remember the year because of the Earthquake in California and Hurricane Hugo.
But the year at Lincoln High will be remembered for its abundance of talent and sp1nt.
SEPTEMBER- The year started off with a flood caused by three to eight inches of rainfall during school. Four days later the electricity in the building went out during second, part of third, and part of fourth periods. After 10 years of administratorsdoing the daily announce• mcnts, seniors Amy Folmer and Kathy Crump took cJvcr.
OCTOBER-
A record 650 people attended the Homecoming dance "Night of the Living Dead." The dance caused controversy over Sarah Gibson's unsuccessfulattempt to become"King." Sports fared well in October with the boys' cross country team winning State, and the girls' team placing third in State.
NOVEMBER- Over 2,000 people attended the Open House, organized by the Advanced Marketing Class. KHAT Broadcasted live from the East gym. The all school play "Our Town" was performed.
DECEMBER- Two new events happened this month, the first Quiz Bowl assembly and a toy drive. The One Act Play, "Silent Snow, Secret Snow," placed second in the state competition.
JANUARY- Joynitely news created quite a stir reporting about over 200 students involved in 22 skits. Some of the acts were ''The Obvious Skit" put on by Mummers, Michael Gaither played the piano, and the student council skit which featured the entire Student Council, RandyEmst,SamNelson and Barry Stark in swimming attire. The boys' basketball team • won against topranked East High in districts.
FEBRUARYThe school board voted to open all the high schools to incoming students next year. Over 150 "Need Another Athletic Director" tshirts were purchased in protest. A computer virus swept the school. A survey was given to students on music preference for
MARCH- The blood drive brought in 174 pints, which has the potential to help over 90 people. Junior Josh Davies was named as a 1990-91 Varsity Cheerleader. Juniors Vikram Jaswal and Curt Peterson and senior Cory Ortega qualified to go to Na- tional Forensics League Touma- ment in San Jose, Calif.
APRIL-was wet anmet in the watch EZtherapcontest. Day celebraincluded coltrash each inated in a 24in a giant front lawn. A was buried in ration of the 1,000 people school musithing Goes." Councilconstitution bow Club four minortions be MAY-
BrownBag Day drainy, so we West Gym to Writer win
A large Earth tion, which lecting all the dividual erehour period globe on the time capsule commemoevent. Over attended the cal ''AnyS tu dent amended it's when Rainproposed ity posiadded.
The - Lincoin High _ ,_. Mummers' play "A Companyof Wayward Saints"was attended by nearly 400 people. The prom ''Moonlight and Roses") was held at the East Campus Union. Breakfast was served at Li n co In High following the ce. Rainbow Club and Student Council Co-sponored the "Living Colors" dance with a Nintendo tournament and other activities.
We leave this year with memories of democracy in Europe, invasions in Panama, and natural catastrophes. We will also leave with memories of special events and people at Lincoln High.
By Heidi Woerner
ho is America's most obnoxious, wacky, sarcastic, animated and repulsive family? Their eyes bulge, their hair is funky and they' re ''The Simpsons. ''
"The Simpsons," aired Sundays on KPTM42 at 7:30 p.m., is an average American family who are constantly bickering and getting on each other's nerves. Homer, the father and head of the household, is not your stereotypical TV dad. He's a blue-collar worker at the local nuclear power plant. He continually bosses his wife Marge who, with her lofty blue hair, is often found irresistible by other men.
Bart,their bratty ten yearo Id son, 1s an arrogant, unruly troublemaker who finds pleasure in outsmarting everyone. Lisa, his second grade sister, is a great saxophone player. Maggie, "The Simpsons'" baby daughter, never stops sucking on her well-used pacifier.
Well into their fifth month of airing, "The Simpsons" are a hit and on their way to becoming number one. Why the sudden success?
They're based on real-life family situations which everyone can relate to. Despite the typical family problems, such as money and arguments, in the end they're always a loving, supportive family. "The Simpsons" are also very sarcastic and show the humorous side of each situation they are
involved in.
"It reminds me of my own family life," said senior Mark J anike.
Another reason for the success of ''The Simpsons" is that it gives a whole new outlook towards cartoons.
''This is the first time cartoon characters have been oriented toward an older generation," said Andy Brown, senior.
"Most cartoons are • nice
tertainment. Parodies such as family therapy, the environment, and suicide offer strong points on important issues, said Brown.
"'The Simpsons' expose the b rut a 11 y honest aspects of the American family things things other sitthat corns scared of portraying," Brown said "Simpsons'" merchandise is a r e going fast. T-shirts are sold at a rate of one million per week. That's a lot considering all of the other "Simpsons" paraphernalia. Items such as watches, key chains, bubblegum, and even a Bart Talking Doll are there to choose from.
Most agree that the show is becoming too trendy. Everyone enjoys the huge media-hype until it gets blown out of propor••.·•·tion.
;;;};; But some feel "The Simpsons" .. . ••/W/f;f!f; fstf aren 'tjusta phase people are going
agreed Brown. "It's at a beginning stage right now, but there's a lot more character development that can be done," he said. Along with the characters, messages, humor, and reality, "The Simpsons" could become America's hottest TV sitcom family.
Sophomore Nate Johnson is an avid viewer of''The Simpsons."
· i !!/f;;/J if "They're something more and I ,,,.....,,>f!Jffil;ftffgthink they're going to get even :lftif tit b · ,, X?Ytt!!t!'t igger. -· ''The show won't decline," a n d sweet," n1,.,_,,_,,«noC91NWJ'011"'-»~TOIsaidJanike, "and they swear 1n this cartoon."
Yet, is there a message in all of the chaos? Many say yes, but some like it just for the en-
''They just make people plain out laugh, dude," he said.
May 24, 1990
• • 1ves ~In now. • •
By Betsy Wagner "Hello."
This is Betsy Wagner, an • Advocate staff artist. Although I usually communi-,_______________ __, cate with you through drawings, today, in this final issue, I write. I wrote something which I used for tryouts as senior speaker. While I won't get the chance to speak these words on that glorious day in May, I mean them here in print just the same. P.S. This is directed at seniors; sure you sophomores and juniors can read it, but will these words leave an emotional scab on your heart? I think not.
Greetings to all of you future Lincoln High Alumni, salutations to the 1990 chain of Links, and fondest regards to you all from a student sitting at her typewriter. I am typing LhisLoinform you of a realization that I jusl had; iLis Lhis when we leave Pershing Auditorium on the day of "graduation," our friends and relatives will be congratulating our parents/guardians who have an adult child soon to emerge into the world. Why? Because what we thought was the first time was just a trial run, our lives are now just beginning. They didn't begin when we entered Lhisworld, Lheydidn't begin when we could first recite Lhealphabet, when we had to memorize our first locker combinations, or even when we made our first purchase at Super C. No, our lives begin now. Whether it be with continuing education, traveling, family life, or a job, we are all beginning walks down our own "yellow brick roads." Roads which will make us wise like LheScarecrow, grant us courage like LheLion, and give us gentle hearts like the Tin Man.
Although we are heading out towards diff crenLdestinations, we all will pack in our suitcaseofhigh school memories, Lhegolden "Links" statue on Lincoln High' s front lawn, the satellite dish that brought us in touch with the world, the streets of information on the library's microfiche, Lheteacher-recited announcements, the long awaited studentrecited announcements, the intricate yearlong paint job (are they done yet?), threats of towing cars, and our student I.D. numbers (I'll tell my grand children about being 048011). Together we experienced the in22 :Jvfay24, 1990 .91.avocate
flation of Lheprice of milk, Lhepacing of the hall monitors, protractors, and the locker locks that don't lock (or unlock for that matter). We will carry with us the memories of microscopes, scan-trons, Styrofoam, book fines, J oynites, that notebook
tear out paper fuzz, computer disks, no. 2 pencils, and yes (after having it deeply ingrained into our brains) we all will remember that blood is r-e-d. We never will forget Brown Bag Days (under blue skies and gray ones, too), the day the halls were filled with musical interludes from the Bee-Gees and John Travolta, and the Earth Daytime capsule that will explode with all our 1990 memorabilia in the year 2000. We simply can't forget how we slaughtered the # 1 ranked basketball team and taught those Spartans a lesson that they desperately needed to learn, nor will we forget the winding underground tunnels some of
us were fortunate enough to travel through, natural disasters like the flood which took our cars for a ride, the day the lights went out and darkness slipped through the windows, and the trio of attendance policies (we would just figure out how to weasel out of one when a new one would be born). And, to be quite serious we depart with the sweet remem-
brances of Dr. Jones.
We leave all these memories in the same year. A year which is the preamble to our futures. The year we met all our graduation requirements, the year known as our "class"
year. A year to identify us on appl ica ti on s, job interviews, and organizational information. A year many find significant but, we all know that it takes more than the labeling of some year to be a worthwhile person. It takes knowledge, strength, laughter, kindness, commitment,and pride. Now is just the beginning of our race to the top, but it did take more than 1990 to get us into the starting gate. If someone ever asks you what "class" you are say, "I graduated from Lincoln High, learned thingsI will never forget, and met friends I will always remember, what class am I, you ask? I got all the class in the world."
Well, I'm done with my literary bantering (at least for awhile). Although I didn't get the honor of knowing each and everyone of you I wish you all the best, and as an Algebra student saidonedayin Gary Larson'sFarSide, ''Mr. Osborne, may I be excused? My brain is full." (You sophomores and juniors who are soon to be juniors and seniors still have lunch and dinner to go.)
By Amy Folmer
The headlines read- First ever Chinese Olympic team arrives for win;;.;.:;..-'"'-'-'---'----"-----''""' ter games at Lake Placid. The year was 1980 and we were second graders at our respective elementary schools enjoying activities like warball and Big Wheels.
The thought of how big the Olympics were, we just couldn't quite grasp it. The world around us consisted of our parents and school friends in our own neighborhoods.
The U.S. boycotted the Summer Oly1npics in Moscow and Carter and Reagan campaigned for the Presidential election . We were more interested in the opening of "Empire Strikes Back."
In addition to sports, entertainment headlines caught our attention in second grade. December-John Lennon shot and killed by Chapman, July-Charles and Diana wed in Royal Splendor.
In June of 1981-E.T. opened at theatres near you, these were the events that affected our lives and what we discussed with our friends.
However, at the same time, we weren't as conscious of other headlines: Jan. 31, 1981Iran releases 52 hostages after 444 days. Febuary '81-Reagan gravely wounded by assassin Hinckley, and in August '81-First woman named to Supreme Court. These were big events in the history of the United States and we heard our parents talk of them, but our perception of what was going on in the world around us was still very small.
l 982~our fourth grade year- headlines of the medical world started to catch in our minds. December- Dentist Barney Clark first receipientof artificial heart, posed many questions about death and dying. We didn't understand why some were hurt in October of '82 when-FDA warns against using Tylenol after 8 die from use in the past three days.
The real awakening for many of us, were the headlines on war and the Soviet Union. We had heard about war,someof our parents were even in the Vietnam conflict, but it just wasn't something we had to worry about in our safe worlds.
• 1nes re
For example, when we werein fifth grade, March of '83- Reagan denounced Soviet Union as "the focus of evil in the modem world," proposes Star Wars, and on Oct. 31, 1983- 1,900 Marines swarm tiny Grenada Island. The Supreme Court was reaffirming the rights of women to have abortions in June of '83-The first black Miss America, Vanessa Williams, was crowned.
The most exciting conversations in our fifth and sixth grade classrooms were space andastronauts. OnJune24, 1983-SallyK. Ride was the frrst American woman sent in space, allowing the girls to dream of being astronauts with the boys. It touched our hearts to see it was possible for us to travel to the unknown.
Besides all the huge events going on in the world, no one can forget the feeling it was to be a Husker with the Dream Team of 1983. We cheered on Reisman trophy winnerMike Rozier, quarterback Turner Gill, and wingback Irving Fryar to victories over all the Big Eight schools including Oklahoma whom we hadn't beaten in five years. But, then we cried as our heroes went down in the Orange Bowl against Miami 30-31.
Headlines are what we've noticed throughout the years; as the headlines changed so have we.
During our seventh grade year, Mondale chose Ferraro as his running mate, the '84 Olympics were in Los Angeles when Mary Lou Retton was the first female in the history of the U.S. to win a gold medal in gymnastics, and Baby Fae had a babboon heart transplant.
We all entered junior high as Gorbachev entered power in the Soviet Union, and Michael Jackson's "Beat It", went gold. Other countries were starting to discover the AIDS virus, but the U.S. soothed our fears when they informed us only lOpeopleoutof 10 million transfusions had contracted the AIDS virus.
In seventh and eighth grade, we were hit by events occurring outside the United States. Third world hunger problems came to our attention because of the concert "Live Aid" and theProductionof"WeAre The World."
When we were ninth graders, the Celtics and the Bears were big, the "Fridge" Will Perry and Larry Bird were leading their
teams to team titles. We thought we were mature enough to handle adult problems, but we realized our mortality on Jan. 31, 1986 when the headlines informed us- The space shuttle Challenger explodes as horrified nation watches. Among the seven astronauts was high school teacher, Christa McCauliffe. This was the worst accident in the history of the Space Program and it left everyone shocked and speechless.
As we entered high school, the Iran-Contra scandal of 1988 forced us to realize that our government is not flawless. Oliver North testified, claiming that he "assumed that the President was aware of what I was doing and had through my superiors, approved." Those events made us question in our own minds why our public officials could be crooks deserving to share cell blocks with the T.V. evangelists.
This was the year that Jimmy Swaggart and Jim and Tammy Bakker took millions of dollars from their viewers and cried on television for the last time. We began toquestion what ethics are and which ones we personally uphold.
No matter how bad it looked in the headlines, some made you feel happy inside. Nov. '88-TheDiscoverylauncheswithno problems, first since Challenger, Jan. '89A California Condor conceived in captivity, and in March of '89- The people of the United States band together as the Red Cross saves little Jessica McClure from her death in the hole.
The Berlin Wall's crumbling along with the Communist regime in Eastern Europe have brought about many changes, and many more will come about. Hopefully, someday a headline will read "Cure found to AIDS virus,"or better yet, ''LHS graduate finds cure to AIDS virus." Either way, the nature of our views haved changed rapidly as we reacted to the headlines of the past ten years.
ell, this was my past ten years in review, and now, my little summationof being editor. It was hard to do everything right and I messed up many times. I couldn't have done it without such a special staff and advisor, and I guess I've learned if you don't try and make an occasionalmistake, your experiences aren't gonna be worth '"" much, So Sorry.
24, 1990
By Tina Koeppe
According lo Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary: A Periwinkle is: J. any number of small, related saltwater snails of the genus Liltorina having a thick, brown or yellowish, cone shaped shell with dark spiral bands. 2. a creeping plant of the genus Vinca with evergreen leaves and white or blue flowers; myrtle
Viisis it. I wasn't sure what to write aoout for my last column. Three thousand ideas are running through my head and this space is limited. I was going to deliberately attempt to write something absent of all sentimentality and proceed with a sarcastic commentary on education high school.
I didn't have the heart to complete the column and even went so far as to toy around with the idea of either writing something goopy like, "high school has been a beautiful experience, blah,blah, b~ii, ..,, ;something irrelevant like "the 25 reasons I hate gum."
I couldn't do that either. I finally decided to replace a final column with some of my poetry.
J;I woman is liereand wi[[ foofc_afteryou '.Motlierslie merelyerm,fatt.5 (almost6ut not rea{{y) 'Dance6ecauseyou are You 6reetffaugliterand liar6.ornotliing Cliiltf aancetfance
'I1iewomangrows weary You do not 'Dust fives in my attic
Overmy lieatfI can Ii.earyour music ~aster,faster, faster. You stir age 'Hlitliyourfeet
J;Intftlie womansniffs
Into lierfine linen liantfk.f,rcliief
Stay in my attic as fongas you want 'I1iewoman is an adult
Wonderingand compfaining J;l6outyour a6untfanceof energy
Breathing in the shadows re kindling the he who left them behind now she embarks on something greater here, sighs the seeker stopping to rest between branches born ofhe nothing remains but the memory of warm where once-life seeped through ghost eyes and flower words crawled easily through cement lips she hoped perhaps to grow him as if dying plant chld needing but nourishment and sun someone to guide him through the swamp of darkness (he lived in this known as night) harsh calvary gave birth to he they returned for their soldier quick departure whisked away in cold flash suddenly she winced and was scared search will continue until further notice.
An idealist is not naive. In fact, idealists are probably the most cyni' cal and confused people on earth. Because they refuse to accept the world as it is, because they strive always to perfect themselves and the world surrounding them, they are generally unhappy. It seems unethical to them that others can be content in a world with so much obviously wrong with it. They constantly try to achieve the impossible, simply because they can settle for nothing less than the ideal situations they have created in their minds. Idealists are down on society for the errors committed by the whole, but they are down on themselves to a greater extent for not living up to their own standards.
Howard Zinn is an idealist; he wrote about the evils of becoming complacent based on comparisons to the past.
"We can measure the present against the past, so that if we find that in 1988 we are doing better than we were doing in 1860, or 1910,the society willgetagoodgrade fot its 'democracy.' I would adjure such an approach because it supports complacency."
This quote has been the most influential part of my learning experience at Lincoln High. When I read it in my differentiated CI class, I thought about that statement, and how it applied to me and all aspects of my life, for a long time. The fact that many people in my class were unable to appreciate the meaning of these words, which applies to more than just the concept of democracy, was unbelievable to me. Finally I realized that most people are not idealistic;few people experience the need to change things, to improve things, to make things right as I do.
It must seem strange to have an absolute cynic discussing the subject of idealism, but I believe most cynics are idealists, they are unable to achieve the perfection they seek, so they are afraid of the very complacency that Zinn addresses, they are afraid that if they become satisfied with the way things are, they will be unable to improve or even see where improvement is most necessary.
Fear is the most driving force in these
people's lives; when others tell them to "lighten up" the concept of lightening up is so alien and fearful to them that they shy away in disgust. I can't count the number of times people have told me not to "carry the weight of the world on my shoulders." These people do not understand that there is a driving force within me to strengthen my shoulders. They do not see why I take everything so personally. I can't help it; I can not look at nuclear weapons and think of them in anon-personalsense-I think"Why? Why are we trying to destroy ourselves?"
The us in ourselves applies directly to me, it applies to everyone who breathes in this world, we are the only ones who are capable of changing things, why do people have the constant need to delegate the errors of the entire human race to a mystical 'they'?
"It's not my fault. Someone else is responsible. I don't have the power to change anything." Words like these make me cringe; we have the power to at least attempt to make
''We can measure the present against the past, so that if we find that in 1988 we are doing better than we were doing in 1860, or 1910, the society will get a good grade for its 'democracy.' I would adjure such an approach because it ,')Upports complacency.''
--Howard Zinn
a difference in any area where we see inconsistencies, hypocrisy or unethical situations. The problem lies in the fact that few people allow themselves to see universal problems as they pertain to them. Fear of seeing how the~ errors rule their lives forces them to become complacent in the same way that fear of complacency forces me to be cynical. I do not know how to make people feel things with the intensity that I feel them with. In many ways I do not wish to try. The unhappiness of seeing the entire picture is scary, and not a feeling I wish to see everyone burdened with. However, I do wish they had a better understanding of idealism and
what makes idealists so angry when faced with the bureaucratic system which stifles all efforts of improvement or change. Efforts to revive the system within the system have failed. It has become too easy for politicians to avoid the issues by creating diversions: tokenism, press conferences, summits, are all ways in which politicians strive to smoke-screen their actions.
Headlines screamed of the popularity of the Reagans while the Iran-Contra affair was going on under our noses. Even after the subversive actions came to light, the majority of Reagan's supporters forgave him under the pretext of his ignorance. It is impossible for an idealist to forgive a man who lies to the public who chose him to lead the nation. Our most visible representative was found to be a liar; what does that say about the morals and ethics of the people of the United States? How can anyone continue to pledge allegiance to a flag, and sing the national anthem of a nation that seems to support dishonesty?
In fact, I find it very difficult to sing a national anthem that is dedicated to 'bombs bursting in air' and the general importance of killing people simply to maintain national pride. The idea is ludicrous to an idealist, because an idealist views murder (no matter what excuse people can find for it) as wrong.
Idealists are always seeking the impossible, which is impossible only because the majority of the population does not hold the same standards of perfection; too many have become complacent with how the world has evolved. As an idealist, I can not lower my standards to accommodate happiness; I can only hope that I have left some element of self-doubt in the minds of everyone I encounter.
I wanted to make a perrnanent impression on the school where I have spent three years of my life. The Advocate seems to be the most appropriate medium. What is printed on paper is not engraved in stone, but it comes pretty darn close.
• • ar1 uana aws
By Ali Johansen
"It seems to me drug abuse is when it is sold by pushers we're not really trying to entice naive buyers into the more going to get expensivedrugs. Butifpeoplecangrowitin anywliere until their back yard or buy it in a drugstore, we can take the there's not much need for a pusher. criminality out Some individuals do become addicted to of the drug pot,butthosepeoplearevictimsofapersonbusiness and ality disorder known as addictive behavior. the incentives They are the same type of people who are for criminality compulsive eaters, workaholics, and alcoout of it We need at least to consider and holies. Becauseweoutlawmarijuana,should examineforms of controlled legalization of we also place laws on a person's intake of drugs." -FormerSecretaryofStateGeorge food, alcohol, and work simply because a Schultz part of the population lacks self-control?
The war on drugs has attempted to propa- And even if health problems may occur after gate the idea that all drugs are the product of prolonged use and certain people are subject corruption for the use of self-destructive, to addiction, why should the government maladjusted losers. This is, however, an havetherighttotellanindividual whatheor idea stemming from much misinformation, she can or cannot put in his or her body? If in particular with regard to less addictive people grow marijuana in their own back drugs such as marijuana. yard for their own personal use, they are not
According to Jay Corzine, associate pro- hurting society. fessor of sociology at the University of Thelawsagainstmarijuanaaremuchmore Nebraska and teacher of a class on drugs and damaging than the people who smoke it society, marijuana was made illegal because The legal drugs of alcohol and tobacco cause of information which incorrectly linked it to more violence and health problems than pot, crime. In actuality, the drug has never been yet for even possessing a small amount of proven to be a cause of violence, unlike marijuana, an individual can be strip alcohol, which has been linked with spouse searched, forced to comply with urine tests, abuse. lose their property, and even their job. How
The laws against marijuana originated in does this make us a free society? New Orleans in 1923 when a local newspa- Marijuana is not crack. It's not sold by per did a sensationalized expose which held gangs shooting anyone in their way, and the drug responsible for the criminal activity people don't resort to murdering and stealrunning rampant in the city. According to ing in order to buy it. information issued by Hemp Tour '90, a The New York County Lawyer's associaseriesofdruglegalizationrallies,racistmen- tion summarized the cruelty of marijuana talities further contributed to the laws, as laws when they said, "The tragedy is how black people who smoked the drug were cheaply we have sold our rights and our caught walking on white peoples' shadows, social values. We once had a society in which was then illegal in the South. which the very thought of men and women
In addition to being falsely associated with being strip searched and forced to urinate in crime, the adverse health effects of mari- front of witnesses was revolting. That now juana are greatly exaggerated. Smoking pot seems like a long time ago. And all this for is less destructive than smoking cigarettes, a policy that simply does not work." and the health problems which do occur only The laws definitely don't work, as over 26 come after use which is much heavier than millionAmericansconsumemarijuanadaily, that of the average American user. One yetover$5billionofourtaxdollarsarespent Lincoln obstetrician went so far as to tell a each year for law enforcement Why should patient that she would be better off smoking the government spend so much money to a joint a day than a pack of cigarettes. arrest people for using a drug less damaging In a pamphlet issued by Valley Hope, an than those which are already legal? alcohol and drug addiction treatment center, According to Corzine, the population is it specifically says that marijuana is not demanding results from the war on drugs, addictive and there is nothing in it which and its much easier to make arrests for leads to use of other drugs. The only time it marijuana use than for crack or heroin. functions as a so-called gateway drug to hard "If I wanted to get forty drug arrests over 26 May 24, 1990 Jldvocate 'Eaitoriafs
uestione
the weekend, I'd go for marijuana," he said.
The marijuana laws.are responsible for more destruction than infringement on an individual's rights. According to N.O.R.M.L. (National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws), 10,000 acres of the hemp plant from which pot is derived can produce the same amount of paper as40,000 acres of timber. N.O.R.M.L. further states that marijuana is one of the most effective plants to prevent soil erosion, but the government refuses to look into the environmental aspects of the hemp plant because it is illegal.
We cannot call this country free as long as we make people suffer simply because we think that how they live is morally wrong. The Supreme Court of Alaska was setting an example when it ruled over 14 years ago that laws against people growing marijuana for their own use are an infringement on an individual's rights. These people who choose to smoke pot are not infringing on the right of the rest of society to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; rather, we are infringing of theirs.
This is not an attempt to advocate or even defend marijuana use; it is simply an attempt to defend the rights of the individual; it is time that we ask ourselves why a drug which is easier to link to environmental improvement than crime remains illegal. Legalization is an issue which has been crushed by one-sided propaganda, but the world is not black and white. We can't simply say that drugs are bad, laws are good and ignore the rest of the situation. The original Declaration of Independence was written on paper made from hemp, yet over 200 years later people are being deprived of their right to grow the very plant on which their rights were guaranteed, and that is a form of hypocrisy which cannot continue.
''Enforcement of drug laws makes a mockery of an essentialprincipal of a free society, that those who do no harm to others should not be harmed by others and particularly not by the state."
--Ethan Nadelman, Assistant Professor of Politics at Princeton University,
in a recent issue of Sciencemagazine.
Dad turned away. He put his hand on the table, raised his , head, took a deep breath. ''We'll call a specialist that you can talk "th ,, Wl
"What?! No!" The boy threw his jeans jacket on the chair. "I don't need to see a shrink! There's nothing wrong with me, Dad!"
"Son." Dad turned back, would not look at his son's face. ''Its just not ... well..."
"Not normal?! Not natural?! I can't believe you think that!" The young man's shouts echoed in the kitchen. ''This is coming out like some ABC Afterschool Special! I thought I had a family that was more open minded, that would help me deal with this. But you think I'm looney!"
"Now, I'm your father. And I'm telling th t " you a
"That's just it dad. You can't tell me about this! These are my feelings! Only / know about this!"
"Don't you talk back to me like that!"
The young man sat down. He tightened his fists, biting his nails into his palms. The anger and shouts held back. ''I'm sorry, Dad. I'll try to talk this over with you. I want you to understand how I feel."
"Then tell me." Dad shifted uncomfortably his son·s calm voice. ''Talk to me, Son. That's what I'm here for." He remained standing, looking down over his nose.
"It's hard, you understand, for me to make you relate to my feelings. You're not me, and you have your own opinions. But in this instance, you can't tell me to feel as I don't I can't ignore my natural feelings because you want me to be different. You can't make me deny my attraction to other guys."
The older man shivered slightly, as if disgusted. "It's not natural, son. It's not."
"You think that."
"We'll talk with you mother. Tomorrow we'll call someone."
Staring with disbelief at his father, the young man gripped the edge of the table fiercely. He brought a hand up, and sharply down on the placemat. Left from breakfast, a fork hopped,clattered,settled. "You aren't listening! You still think I'm some freak!"
"I'm leaving." The young man stood. His chair shot back, hit the refrigerator.
"You come back here!" Father shouted. The screen door waved, then closed slowly.
Running made his jeans feel heavy and stick to his legs. His footfalls were not light or gracefulin theircarry,but hard, flat impacts that sent pain through his ankles and shins. The burning in his lungs had begun back at First Street. The asphalt seemed so harsh, its solidity, its length stretched away before him. Cars passed, leaving him to feel slow along the roadside. His throat was dry, tasting of blood, threatening to spit out He tried to cry out, but only stumbled, grunted, resumed the pounding of the run.
The abandoned house was nearly two miles south of town. He had first found it a few years back, at fifteen, on a bikeride. When he left his home it had not been his destination, but in the blind direction he ran.
He came to the gravel driveway. The windows, like empty spray cans in the first two rooms, and what they had painted on the peeling walls. When he came to a dusty comer, he slumped to the floor. There, the tears stung under his eyelids, burned down his cheeks.
He cried for hours. Raising his head once to scream, his throat raw from sobbing, only quiet air came forth. And when he finally opened his eyes, their red rims widened in slight fear. The presence that had come was not one that any could feel.
Something tall, something blacker than the darkness. Glinting moonlight from the broken window, a long blade it carried.
The young man opened his mouth to cry out
Raising from the dark body, a tattered arm held gently up. There was no hand, but the gesture settled the fear in the room's comer.
"My dad, he doesn't .. he won't ..." "It is known. It is so." From the folds of itself, the wraith entity took a scroll. "Quiet. Read."
Sexuality began as a reproductionalfu.nction. Humans developed;their intelligence, understanding and civilization with them. Emotions transcendedanimal instincts, became a more powerful influence on lives. Formsof sexualexpressionotherthanheterosexuality are results of honestfeeling. Sexualityis more than breedinginstinct; it is care and sharing. Humans are not lower
animals because their sexuality groups emotion with sexual relations. Any form of sexual relations that developed since the first human are mature developments, not sins, not "unnatural." Cruel,false stereotypes have arisen for people on basis of sexual preference. Homosexuals are not their acts of intimacy. Bisexuals may be the most accepting humans that exist.
Anyone not heterosexualis not a pervert, is not disgusting,is different. Other sexual groups do not force themselves on heterosexuals, there is then not harm, and thus there should be not fear of their presence. Without harm, other groups should not be ostracized.
Sexuality, sadly, is not accepted honestly, in any of its forms.
"I know this. I know this all not be true," said the young man. "My dad needs to see this."
"He will not have time."
"What do you mean?"
"He is leaving soon."
"Leaving?" He rolled the script. "Where's he-- NO! Oh, please no!!"
"It is his time." The thing rustled like leaves and wind.
''I love my dad. I ..."
"Of course, you love him." The shape floated forward, reached down, offering a dark sleeve.
"Can't you give him an extention?" The young man took a hand that was not there. "I can't deal with this, too." The thing helped him up. The air around it was cold. ''Oh, it hurts so."
"Yes. Pain. I am sorry. I have what I must do. Thatiswhyicametoyourfamily. There is one to be taken. I wanted to see what tormented you so."
The young man tapped a floorboard. ''You h d ?" ave ...or ers.
''I have a function in the universe." The shape drew the young man close. ''Quiet." "Cold," said the young man. Though, he knew it was not his time, and he would not be taken. The thing of blackness held him. His flesh burned, numbed, ached with cold, like under the ice of a thousand frozen lakes. Deep underneath, far down in the eternal cloak, something flickered. The young man felt more than the cold. He felt care, and knew then, that there surely was more than what the nerve endings say.
"Now, Son, you need help--"
• • ore zs azne earne •
rom interracia re atzons
By Karen Nalezinek
For the past two yearsI have been in an interracial relationship, which has taught me much more than I ever anticipated. I not only have a personal relationship with someone special, but I'm learning about the lives of people of another race.
It has not been easy. Some so-called friendshad and still have a hard time accepting our relationship. The dirty looks have stopped,but the efforts of rumors to break up our relationship continue.
It is hard to tell whether I've gained so much because we are of different races or whether it is because he is just an incredible person. The fact is, incredible people come in every color, but too many pe.oplemiss out on knowing this because they only communicate with people of their own race.
I honestly believe people don't understand other races because they have not or will not becomeinvolvedin interracialrelationships, whether they be romances or friendships. I stronglysuggest people at least give such relationshipsa try, preferably more than once to avoid stereotyping any race because of one relationship.
Relationships between pe.opleof different races are beneficial because we learn about other ways of living. Whether people like it or not, interracialcouples are becomingmore common.
More problems arise in relationships for interracial couples not because they themselves have problems, but the people around them provoke the problems. Some pe.ople seem to think that if they torment a person
long enough, the person will fold and break off the relationship.
Fortunately, more and more pe.ople are able to overcome the ignoranceof others and go out with whomever they want. They're standing up to their so-called friends that do not approve and continuing their relationships.
Seniors Cathy Maestas and Jon McClung are among the interracialcouples atLHS this year.
"Being of a different race had no effect on mydecisionto go out," said Maestas. "We've gone out for over two years now, and being of different races hasn'thad any negative effects."
One of the few differences in their lifestyles is their values. Religion seems to be a big difference Maestas is a very religious Catholic, while religion isn't very strong in McClung's family, according to Maestas.
"We make fun of each other's food and language,but it's all for fun," said McClung. Maestas has friends of all races but tends to be with more white pe.ople than any other race. Many people regard her as ''white," because Hispanics are not always visibly different; therefore, Maestas and McClung are not always looked upon as an interracial couple.
"We have fun joking around about each other's race. If we were the same color it wouldn't be as fun," added Maestas and McClung.
Another interracial couple is junior Chassidy Jackson and senior Joel Johnson.
"My family and friends don't seem to have a problem with the fact that we're of different races. We have gouen some looks from
strangers when we go out but nothing serious," said Jackson.
"The difference in color doesn't matter. I enjoy being with him because we have a lot of fun together," Jackson added.
The reasons people have for disapproving of mixed race relationships varies. Most people who feel this way have one thing in common: they do _notwant to see their friend or relative with someone who looks different to the public. Jealousy is also another factorthesepeoplehaveincommon. Idonot think we can necessarily call these people racist, but ignorant.
This ignorance has caused fear~and racial stereotypes. It has created an invisible barrier keeping people of different races apart. People should expand their horizons and let their guards down a little so they can have the experience of interracial relationships if the chance comes along. If not romantic relationships, then good, close friendships. As Martin Luther King, Jr., proclaimed, "We must overcome."
Junior Chassidy Jackson aNi senior Joel Joh11Son 'Etfitoriafs
Seniors Cathy Maestas aNiJon McClung
Overcoining racism presents challenge
By guest columnist T.J. McDowell
here is little hope for us until we become toughminded enough to break loose from the shackles of prejudice, half-truths, and downright ignorance." Martin Luther King Jr. spoke those words to a society ruled by racism.
The struggle to overcome racismand prejudiceis an on-going and continuous challenge. One that will not end until this country is all that the Constitution and Bill of Rights say it should be. Until the attitudes of racism and prejudice have been transformed and we have an attitude of mutual love and respect. l speak these words to you, the people who make Lincoln High what it is, a microcosm of the world itself. Our small community has people from very diverse cultural, ethnic and socio-
economic backgrounds. Along with this diversity, it also has racism and prejudice.
Since Lincoln High is the most diverse school in the city, a lot of different cultures have the opportunity to interact. There are also a lot more opportunities for displays of racism. This racism can and has been displayed on our athletic teams, in our classrooms, at school sponsored activities and in the hall ways. For example, we have all heard racistjokes by faculty membersand students. The fact that there are very few people of color faculty members is a manifestation of racism. Mostoftheschoolsponsored activities are directed to and performed by European Americans.
We have, at Lincoln High, a prime opportunity to confront
and crush our racist attitudes. Administrators, counselors, coaches, teachers, secretaries, students,andcustodiansallmust realize and accept differences that exist in us all. By having respect for ourselves and others we will learn to accept and respect these differences.
Lincoln High must strive for inclusiveness and true diversity of staff members and curriculum. Lincoln High must hire more people of color faculty, continue to expand its curriculum so it includes the history, literature, and philosophies of all cultures, and Lincoln High must sponsor activities that represent and include all cultures and backgrounds.
There is no better time than the present for Lincoln High to set a precedent for the world to fol-
low by taking definite steps towards overcoming racism and prejudice by means of openminded inclusiveness. In order for Lincoln High to be the great place it would like to be, the staff and curriculum must represent all the cultures representedby its students. By having staff that are representative of the student body, we will provide students of color with abetter understanding support group. By having a diverse curriculum you will give students of color an opportunity to learn about themselves, and majority students the opportunity to learn about cultures and histories other than their own. Knowledge is essential to overcoming the racist and prejudice attitudes that exist in our society and in our school.
The Advocate staff has had a recordbreaking year. We could not have achieved anything without the help of our advisor.
The PR duo couldn't have existed if she hadn't encouraged us to follow up with the ideas we concieved and edited.
The editorial board wouldn't have had the time to come out so frequently without her undying energy. So, from the Advocate Staff of 1990, we thank you Ms. Goodwin, and wish you lots of sleep over summer.
Today in the United States we enjoy the security andopportunity for·human progress afforded by a free aalld open society at peace with the world. Yet around the worl~ every year, thousands·of i~ien,women, and children lose their lives in internationalarid internal conflicts. ·Indevastated cities andscorched countrysides,organized violence and the threat of it permeate every moment of citizens' lives. From our own history, we know much about the terrible costs of war. The problems_and prospects of our world--and the potential rewards of a peaceful planet~-make the complex processes of internationalpeacemakingof paramount importance to us all.
In the belief that these issues are vitally important subjects worthy of young peoples' attention, in 1987 the United States Institute of Peace established the National Peace Essay Contest, giving high ~hool students the opportunity to share their views with peers in their schools and with national leaders associated with the United States Institute of Peace.
You are invi~ to join those students who have shar~ in the work of the Institute. Your participationin the third annual National Peace Essay Cont~ ;t offers .you the chance to publish your ideas in a school publication as well as to earn-recognition at state and national levels. ~·
The United States needs knowledgeable,thoughtful students and practitionersof peace, people who can learn from--and con~bute to--our country's participation· in pe~emaking efforts. Our country depends on you, the next generation of leaders, to help build peace with freedo~ 'and j~stice among nations and peoples. · The National Peace Essay Contest cJiallengesyou to learn about and express · ·. your views on some of the most important 1ssues of our time. ·
Topic
Discus one instance when the United States' efforts made a significant contribution to the preventionor resolution of an internationalconflict, as a party or potential party or as a peacemaker. Comment on the principal circumstancesand the lessons which might be learned for future peacemaking .
Layout and Design: Amy Folmer
Copy Editor: Jeanne McShane
Tile Pacifist Movementin World War I ,, . JeBBiferGerard
· .WorldWar One was.tobe "the war to end all wars.••It wascalledThe Great War, and was to be a "short,cheap,and gloriouswar" accordingto the generalsand diplomates·of1914. WorldWar One: ·betweentheCentralPowen·which included. Germany,Austria-Hungary,the OttomanEmpire. It was·a bloodbath, lasted for .fouryears,and cost manylives and dollars. · · _
·.. Although the Uni~d States did eventually become involved in The Great War, there were numerous attempt&·to maintain neutrality. Woodrow Wilson advocated complete neutrality at the outbreak of thewar.However,when Germany extendedsubmarinewarfareon our neutral ships,resultingia tile loss of American lives, Wilson <Matened to sever diplomatic relations with them. This prevented further attacks.fora year, but then ·inJanuaryof 1917 Geunany resumedwarfare, ' · thus forcing die U.S. out of a state of neutrality and resulted in Wilson asking Congressfor a declaration of war on Getmany three months later.
of
.u1e. nt~ . •"'°were uiVlwu w,11v-n 1 came.., · ow u,ey felt·about their involvementin the··war. .Somewere sympathetic·toward the ·Europeanbelliprents,-and somewerenot.··The-Pre.ident of dte WomensPeace ,' Party, the founderand President ofdle Women's lntemationalLeapefor Peace and Freedom. Jane Addams encouragedmediatiOJJamonaIlle belli.3-.nts. When the 1 . . I l of ...__u .._,,. , .....,,,, .. the Aa,ualn.nad _ _ •"'t.. lr.AAft ' nvo vemen
ntR, IOU&£• ..o .we U ..•.aA St• .e.- '.Lw... ,1.__, .n. It ni,vu . uur11 ~mg uiawn mto con:i.1tet.·• . U• 1 iA.11!.'f-~:a--.,...,., 1 y •l..-01..'lflh
n
o,.U,,_,.a of fflBny '\."I.IAft!UMll's '-IDv.1.-.W~
reace orgaruattons w.eywere ansuceess .···
··ve~ ment Thus they·turnedtheir efforts toward providing food·and care.for refug~s, orphans of war, and soldiersin all war~tomcountries.·.Even thoughJane Addams and others like her weren'tpleased with·our involvement in World War One, they .werestill cooce.rnedwiththe well~beingof every.oneinvolved . '"l"I..• Am J Add- .n..A.a • al ·1.... .:-- tha .111is .·--,encan,-ane .-· ~11ns;,m~ammtemat1on · contriUULlU•• twas, two.fold. .·TIie first contribution she .made was to create aa.·enduring political organizationof womenata time whenthey didn't have theright to·vote, whichmay have affectedthe timing of u.s~involvementin the war. -Secondly,these hundreds 'of womenfromall the wining nationsgaveaid to thosewboneeded it~Led by Jane Addams,these women,·made a contributionof peacefulnes~·eventhoughtheywere unable to bait the war. ·.· ----····-·
. · Jane Addamswas a pacifist all of her life. Sh~wu unable to aceoIDplish all of her pals or to preventour involvementin WorldWar One, but she and those lib ~\ accompm.hed a great deal. ·· . We canlearnfromJane Addamsand the IntemationalPeaceOrganization. b . L.1 ntJ; ..;.._1 l,,__i. 1,.:;... di" . . . sue groups areame to 1orcepvuttUC11·•,~ers tomten to .· . .:1erentviewp01ntson maintaining peacebetweennations.·Theyalso show that evenif anorganizations
2 Advocate
peace efforts before, during, or after war-time fail , those people can redirect their efforts and act peacefully by giving aid to .anof those who are left homeless, starving,and alone by the ravagesof war.
Woodrow Wilson did what he could to keep the United States a neutral country. Jane Addamsand severalPeaceorganizationsalso.mademanyefforts to preventU.S. involvement Evenwith our involvementin the war,thesoeffor·IBwere so significantthat theywere able to preventa majorpower(the U.S.)formenteriaa World War One for one whole year. _
For future peacemaking I feel that it's important to keei, in mind tMt We, the citizens of -the United States,--are capable of influencingour perr-11nent to maintainnentralityif indeedwe act asan entiregroupwhosedesireis for peace. The , obtainingof peacewouldonlJ be pessibleif we actedIOICtheras JaneAddamsand the·Peaceorganizationsof the early.1900'sdid.
Sevetal tim.a in the history of the United Statesthogovemmcnt,or powers that be, ·have-madeefforts toprevent internationalcooflictsand contributeto world-peace. This processstarted ·_· .-y after_thecivil war.. These contributions havebeen bothtbroagh neg~U0Dand111hmmivepe.rsuuion as wellasaa,,essive - intorventioa ·ConsideringIll of die efforts the -UnitedStale.Ihas ·madetowards peace, I feel thatthemolt important WIS our UWolvement in WorldWarn~ Much was·leamedin·this situation and still has great effect on world peace.today. -
1be Uftited-·.Slateldebated • -whedleror not to. enter·WorJ4 War -ll, becausein thepast we hadtakenpridein iloladaa ourselvesfrom coofflctain odlor countries.-This questionwu answeredfor us by Japm's bombing of Poarl"Harber. This gave us a reason to declare war on.both Japan.andGermany. Tile-warwas beginningto wqe npon otbormuchweakera leu {ortunatecountries. We felt dtat our involvementwould-also:stopdtit-and winaal>outworld peace. _• With--theUnited Statm entering-dle·warin Europe combinedwittl the -strengthof theSoviet Union,Hitlorwasdefeated. -Thisbroughtaboutrelativepeace in EQrOpe.-It.wu divided into two sections of· influence:·the west primarily controlledby the.United Statns,along with Britain andFnmce, wu lbebasis of the North Adanlic Treaty Orpniutioa andthe tatt, controlled by die Soviet Uni~, formed·the Wars·awPact. With ·theHtwo organir.Mimisin place with relatively equal powerskept :europtfree&om war for·nearly fifty years. · . · The two factors of the dividiq·ofBurope and the droppiq of the bomb on -Japanare probably .the.·mostim.portlfttfactors.in-~ history of theUnited .S.tates' help to resolve an inr«national conflict·which ews peace.- The-occasional outbreak of conflict has been less than that of Workt Warn and caneven be seen
of tb u. ·•-A
)ft'¥ . v-. m WI.lll.W 'u•Y 11&YO00. ~~war
of•L..-1,o
feS;Uil
U'IV .•mus beingdroppe<JonJapanbecausenowweknowbowpowerfulabombcanht,lftd.are · relootantto useit asaiA.Tllo declarationof warby aayof the superJ)OWersm.eans -theuseofnucJearweaponsandanotherpeaceful con.clusion-of:warby-violenceand · altim.ate--clestruction. So the world hasbecomemoro•~l • warhas not been waged by any country. With the most up to date war making capabilities, these
cotJfitriesprobably will not ever declare war · again. .
Some ofdie lessons w-.llave leamed from World War n arethat power and war.can createpeacewheneveryonebas agreedthat w at is worsethanpeace. The divisionofBurope did.~tlasta is · ~vonby the events that took place in 1989 . Five _ out of six of the Warsawnations have now·become·independent of Soviet conttol for the flfSttime since.theendof the war~ , WC&\ponshave also builtup to keep Europe safe.andfree·of war.·The superpowershave $tOCkJ)iledan excessof weapoitsthat will .never be used~.Bven:if they ·were used, and the.United States was.invaded~ world peace·would still be brought about only in the most concrete way: total destruction ·.of all Hfe and a peacefulearth. . · .· · · WidltheDSe.ofnuclearweapoDS,thedividinioftheworkiirito . twospheres of•influenceand the interferenceof ·the.l.Jnited:Statesinto World War II ~• ·the help of the Soviet Unioa defeated Germany . ; the United States brougbt tlleworldinto the aee .ofnuclear·deteffenceand.diecold w·ar..This wu a peacefulexit from·World War·Il. As ·tbeplanet•hes the year 2000, peacewilt:con.tinueto fkmrishandgrow becauseconflictwill be seen as too dangerousan option to cat"I}'·out. .
'Efforts
to Peace,Here to .Stay
Carrie DeFreeee.·
Al an effort towarcls--intentationalpeac~,theUnited S&a&es--became a memberof the United Nations. Graated, it is an offort ot many nations,it is there to pteserve
international peace. ·. I
. The United Nations WUestablishedin 194S wt bu its headquarters in 1 New y ork City..:Top priorities of the UnitedNationsis ., keep·pcace and security, ...
prevent die Die of fm-ee~and mak~better fhe:social.and economicooaditions for all people in the world~ T~ be a n.10mberof the ·United Nations; a cguntry m~st be .a of peace, follow··rules and obliptiom in ·:the· UN ··Charter,· and be recommendedby ·the • security COUl.leilbefore bein1 admittedby the General A,
Th UN Cti.«a.--·-
e
Md ax nwD or~~ .or ux;
General A$aenlbly,·wkicllconsistl of all of .-lhe m.embersof the U.ited Nations, the S~urity Q>ancil,· .an .llconornic.-and ·social·Council, a TfDSteell\ipCoUfteil,an I .,,:__,..J r,___.,ofJ · • A a-
;-~ . .;ftw.tlQIU ·. peace •d securi&y~.-In·1950, the ·o..at Assembly wasr~ · the Unitift1~forPeace.R~. :This giveS me a,aembly the power to aet !.ili rase~ whereOle Security Council.can not tarry out theirduties of keepingpeace ·beeaw,eof a ·block by a veto. · ·. ' i I
The Economic~d Social Councilconsists of twenty-sevenmemberswho are electedto three year·tenns by the GeneralAssembly•. The Economicand Social· Council(ECOSOC)is responsiblefor promotinghither ltafldardsof living, proper · education.·good employment;social and ~ic progress, developementand ·heaJth,·-and·for.-U. .:reapeet··of ·human riahts -no .matter what .sex, religioo,.race or laaguqe. AHof these are.a part.of Artiele 61 of theUN Charter . ..· . ..-- . · · . · - -·The Trusteeship Council .operates ·underthe ~thority · of the General Assembly. It coosi~tsof dlfee_groups.· Thefirs~&TOllP is consisted.of anof the permanentmembersof the SecurityCouncil.··Thesecondpoop is madeup of UN membersthatadminislertrusteeshipagreements.Te lu t puphas u many.more membersare needed. They are electedto a three y.ear term . . They arc put in the Trusteeship Council to .equalize the number ·of ·UN membersthat administer trusteeshipterritories..and the number that don:L - - Article 92 Qfthe:UN-Charter : thelntemationalCourtof Justice (ICJ) the -mainjudieial .OIJ-an ·Ofthe .UnitedNations.The.lCJ functionsua.clera statute-in the UN Charter which . is bal.t · upon die statute · ot·:the-~- COUit0f InternationalJ-~ . .The-~ is•• up-of fifteenjudle$ who.areelectedby the SecurityCouncil and the GeneralAssembly. In the UN Charter,Article 96 gives the ICJ the power to examinecases brought forth -by the states,General Assembly - or.the SecurityCouncil. . . _.
Membersof the Secretariatare appointedby the secretary-general.Their duties are to observepoliticalactions by other countriesand to decide if they may be a threat to internatioa · alpeace. If theseeretary-paei,al.f-eel,Man action being . taken by a country-may cau~ a -conflict,beJnaY.~all .a moetia1of the Security Councilto judge whetheror not it may cause a conflictand, if it will ,wbat.kiads =of actions;-if any.they.w.iDtat.t,co.prevent~.
· The·.Security Council, which I feel·M the most i~ especjally jn ienm of tbis -eaaay; consistsof five.permanellt-tnemb.enand howevermany more _ are elected._to·two·:year lefms by the:Qeneral · Assembly~ . The five permanent membersare China. U.S.A.; France,the.Sovie: t Union, ad the United Kiqdom~ . Th.eSecurityCouneifs duties areconsis11dmainly of ·tho m&Ulttmance of international peaceand security. Mostly all of the decisionsor actionstakenin the United. Nationsare doneby the·S~urity Council at the4ilcfebOll of the GeneralAssembly . . .l.Jnderatdcle·27 of diecbartor,dteS~ty Counci1de.allwith procedural lu1 · ;n,,.,&
Olattefl -UJ a vote Ul m-ne ffl•efflwtl w ·ai1 u,e $8ffi.eopposiuon.~ISIOllS Oft uuna m~ an ·affinnetive va. ·of _ Dinome.mbet1,plus a miat1mlOuSvote of all of ·• permanentmembers. This is wherethe "veto"comes into place. It is neceaary for all five~m~ber$ 'toW>tO.·infavor .of ~Y noo-proocdutalaction before anyactioncanbe_-takOll~But,.in a casewhereone fflffllher,choolosnot to ·vote,.tho council_may go-aheadand.vote-without·tile consent of that ponnanontmember~bllt only if it is a proceduralaetionthat they are voting·on..Durina ·the.:&anFrancisco Confere.aee,the five -:pa.-~nilft.Clltmembers ••era of w>tinaancl-their attitudes toward charter's ·rules. They decided that.it was·necessary.under any circumstancesthat all five,..pe.nnanentmembers vote in.,favorfo{ any decisionth.at call for direct measures in solving disputes, or the·problems causing·disputes.
J,iamln.Uieb
'Ille U-~s.A.'sjoining of the United NationSmay not·exacdy·pertain to one single instance,but it was afterWWII;..an4R begunpartially beca1iseof Hitler's crueltiesandpowers in Nazi Germany~·TheUnited Nations:are here.to protect all nations·and-preservepeaceinthe wor~d.·The United St.ateswasn't theonly nadoo to :mate a -movetowatd peace,but 51 nationssigned .the charter in 1945 andwere a part of the bepln ,ina of the United Nationi~Since·1945manynationshavejoined andothershave dropped out, but it's stilt _goingmong.I feltt11at~ ·United Nations wasa muchmoreimportamtopic thananyonc•iastancewhere the UnitedStatestook actionin hopei for peace. TheUN :is a groupof .many nations-trying to preserve peacethroughoutthe·workl.and it is verylastingandwill hopefully be here for future generationsto enjoy. :
BIBLIOORAPHY ·.
Vokune22·
WilliaN··D. Hal1ey,LouisShores, Robert H~Blackbum~ .. Frank Francis ·
Crowell-CollierEducationalCorporatiot1,1969·
In our ·rnore·tha.tl.200yearsof e-xiste~, the UnitedStates has done its best to steer clear of conflict.- We were hesitant to _ eater..into the World Wan, we issued the MonroeDoc~~ with a messageof live and let livei.and wehave tried ..to · foni1a1lieawith many.overseascountries.·:Regardleis~ the ·United --States has also had its share ·ofbloodshed,primarily·for conservative·reasons::meaningstabiliz-· ing a nation or promoting democracy in Vietnam, Korea, and the Philipines.; · · One of the top news stories of the year~however, told of how the United States raised arms against,not a world power~ ,-but..a·$mallLatin AmericanGeneral namedManuelAntonioNoriega. RaidingPanamamay not come to rnind when peace is mentioned,but in this case, ~e United States used military force to resolv~anintematiol_lalconflictind co:.'make..peace for the anti~Noriep ~man . s
'·
. ··Noriega, fon11er·lead.er.of Panama,·was·indicted' in the United States-in 1988orrfederillchargesoflit()neylaooderingandtraffkkiilgin cotombian :cotairie~ and recentlycharged•ith -mll!derinP~a. TheUnitedStates· hadfailed in *lier
attempts to drive Noriega out of power and bring him to the U~ited States to f•ce the,charges. On Su•y, ~mbcr 17th,-an ~ric•l offic~r and a n.avycouple ~e vicumsQotfar·~ ~•s headquarters;theofficerwu sit~ and ~lled andthecouplearrestedand~. -ProlidentBusb,QUtra,edl,y the inci,d$nt,•w
Qlust take~tion , ~e did.notruleont8'ilitacy Jction.-:rr~--•~1:t ;Bua pui :iatQ acd~ a.dlr~~day opemtion-~ Panaaaof Nori~&alQy~ist&an.dtc .find ~Mer .U.S~planes bombed - Panama-on-Tbm-sdaythe 21st, ~Norlqa ·fisllton atta.cked·the·U~·s. ~iij~ -headquarters• :F~y the22nd andmadean atttmpt o~ U.S. installedVice PresidentRica.nloAriu. Caldron~~life ..The 23rd br@ghi IBQfe resistancefromNorie.p's..trQQPS.so U.S.baekop·troopsw-.se.nt&othesmaJii•~ · American-countrytQ put :aft en.d-to the fighting. . Friday a.id -Sa.tunJaysaw the surrenderof many Notjega supporters because of lack of eq11ipmont. Norie.p, · unknownto the United States,soughtrefuge in the VaticanEmbassyon Sunday the 24th. Earlyon Monday,U.S. troopssurroundedthe Embassyin -hopes of eaJJtAWin.s Noriega,orat least contajn.inghim. Since the writing of thispaper, there has been littl~ chanaein the situation;some of Noriega'sadvisershav~.been.art _ ahandfulof the tr~ were shippedhome.. _
Alth9ugb there was bloodshed, the United S~tes t@k a situation-wi~ disastrouspotential, and minimized the chatistrophiceffects. Some may call the UnitedStatesa bully for in~lll withauch a smalJ;µuUV,lec•try; however · theneedfor intervcnin1wu recognized,anda peaceable situationhad to be re.adle.d. : -~ Peacethrough force may sound somewhatcontradictory~but in this cue, it seemed to be the only solution;we had to fipt fire wiUl fn. .. . .
What does this mean for the United Staies in the futme?
One, we m~sttake everyoneseriously;Noriega may not have had the fire power to severelydam.age.theU.S., but he fougbt ~th a differentw~; Drugs. The U.S., in taking care pf i-.;ona1 ~ta -~,ay :~ ·Q~~looking one of .the biggestwars, the drugwar. The dnls--warb~ becomean internationalball.lewith internationaldrug traffickerssuch as Noriega. _
Two,even-tholllhwe.mustcoq~m our.selveswi,dt1lobalaffairs,:we-m\llt not f~rget turmoil at home.,because withoµt .a su.ble . home front, we cannot effectivelymanaa~over.- activities.
If r~s only .walk.awayfnlmthis essa.ywith onemessa,e, it should .be· . this; Situations•~ ·not~way& as they appear,and ii is alwaysdarkestjuatbeforet,be dawn. .
A
Tilnt For.P,~e :Jay ~vi, .. -
W,henoneconsiders-whattileUnit~ S.tates·liu done.·in its 2.14years0:fexistence, onethinksof the.&feat~vancementsthatJ}avebeenachieved • .Onealsothino of the many wars and batd~ _.~at have been fought·and w~- But many overlook~ great-adv~menl$ to:w.ardpef.tCethat the United S•s bas initialed~ One of .the greatest is of W OQdrowWil~n and the Treaty.of V~rsailles/Lea1JJC of Nations. I ··-·
Toward the end of World War I, the Gennan Army wasbecpming weaker and weaker. The Unit~ States was sending troops to Europe to help the Frenchand Britia.ndrive the German,back...Germanmoralewas weakeningand theGerman offeD1.iv~was quickly becomingthe defensive•.·Many of the a.xiscountrieswere submittingand duringthe time of the mid 1918's.manyof thecountrieshad signed and armistice. The Gennan Prince Maximilian looked at his option•• and took Wilson'sFourteenPoints as being his best optiQn'!.
Wilson'sFourteenPointswassigned by all of.themajorcountriesaµd\Vasto bring equalityto all nations.The mainpoint of theTreaty of Versaillesin Wilson'seyes wasto createtheLeagueofNations, as listed as the fourteenthpoint. The pointreads as states:
"A generalrestorationof nations must be formed under specific covenantsfor the purpose of affording mutual aua.m.ntees of political . "-.A. -..1.-- --..1
The Armisticewas signed on November 11, 1918, at 11:00 am., whichis now knownas VeteransDay. . .
After the si,._ of.the.,rnistic~, tbo Jteadsof the Bi&Four(Italy,France. Great · Bri.liaa,aadtheUnitedStates) ~et at Paris for the Paris Peace.Confere~. The purpQltwast0, discussthe Leagueof Nations. But while Wilsonwasaway, die mood at home.was swayingaway from Wilsonand his FourteenPoints. Wilson returQt\4to theUnited Stalelfor a b.rieftime, andafterrcturmnato P..-is,.Jlefound . that tbe·Allieddiplom"11were r.capmgibespoilsof war.'8dW takeacontrolof whatw• to be doneto poat-warEurope. Fi1b:tingsicknessand exllauslion,WjlsQA tQflledthe Confcro.nceback·to•peace talksan4.the·formati(fflfo the Le.a.8D.C of Nations wu officiallyestablishe:din Januaryof 1920~
. Tbo Le&1ueof Nations held a shortlife from 19.l()to 1946. During this tim.o~ how.ever.,the Leape:of Nationshad manysuccessesin variousarou~The World Court settled diputes be.tweennations·andadvised .theLe.ape on mattefl of
mtema.tional law.
Thelntanational LaborOrganizationworked la improvetJielabor condi--tions of_Asiaand South Americ~ as well·asother parts of th.eworld. Auxiliary orp,nizations extendedecooomic.assistance to war-damaged.countriesand to retusees,providedwotkt..bealtb services,·and.aim. helped.to COIJtroIttaffic..of ~otics. TheLeaguealso.worbd to carryout thetermof theTreaty of Versailles. The Leagueof Nationswas succeededby the UnitedNationstwoyearsafterits disso.Ivanent..
n. only disappoU1tit1gpart ()f the Treaty Qf Veruilles w•the United Statest .rerfusaltoenterthe.I AilgueofNatioos.Its mastermind,PresidentWoodrowWilson, tri~srelentlesslyto getCq,ess to pin.Buthe wasunableto succeedin doingso, and died on February 3, 1924. ·..
Alth00.1hthe United Staia did not enter theLeague of Nationf, it didinitiate the Treaty of Venailles widlWilson leading the w.a.y.The Treatyof Versaillesand the LeagueofNaionshelpedto providepeace in a war tom Europe.The greatestlesson
8 ··AdvSK1te· -
learnedwas thatcountriescouldworktogethertopromotea better world.·_Itwasalso a basis for the United Nations. The United States displayed an action of extreme unselfishnessand peace,andthe Treatyof Versaillesand theLeagueofNatioftsare truly an exampleof what peace is and can·alwaysbe,_for generationsto come.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
"WoodrowWiW}g'' , Student Enclopedia,P ..F~Collier, Inc. New York, New York, 1973. _ ''Leagueof Nations", StudentEncyclopedia,P.F. Collier, Inc. New York, . York, 1973.
Two Conferencesfor PeaceDuringwwn CllaclFrancisco
Every conflictmust beresolvedeventually or theconflict is pointless.·For this to happenhowever,someonemustteach an agreement.The United States has,in·the past, present, and hope~lly in the future, been one of the nations involved in resolvingcoaflicb around the world .. ·
One exanipleof this was our involvementin settlingWorld War II. Two separate · conferences,the YaltaConfereftCCand the PotsdamConference,ledto the.endof . the ThirdReich and to'the preventionof its NOCCUffellCe.The United States,with HarryS.Trum.aftas representative~played a majorrolein bothof these;alongwith - theSovie-Union,and Great Britain,with a fewminorcountriesalQ11gside.· ·
•- The first of these conferenceswas held in Yat~ Crimea,U.S.SJt. beforethe actualsurrenderof Gormallysoit wasn'tsomuchasememe.ntasitwasan agreement of whatneededto be done.·The YaltaConference,offtclallyknownas the Ctlmea Conference,was onlya week long, fromFebruary4~11, 1945.·-Fromthis, the-Yalta Declarationwas issued which statedthe intent of a11·t1tosewho decided.to signthe docutneftt. ·The<basicintent was"Todestroy Germanmilitarismand Nazismand to. ensurethat Germanywill neveragainbe ableto distutb thepeaceof_the world."·.
The doeUfflentsuggested Cheyaccomplishthat by dividing Germany into three sectionsof occupationsand have the conferringnationscontroloneof the sections froma centralcontrolcommissionin Berlin.Also aprovisionto allowFrancea part in 'thecontrolling of a part of Germanywasmade.·· __ ·
Anotheragreementof thisconventionWUthata"generalinternationalorganizationto maintainpeaceandsecurity,"wastobe establishedandthat a m~ting of the UnitedNationswouldbeheld in SanPraftCiscoin Aprilof that:year,.toestablishsuch an orpnization.
Anotherthing addressedin this documentwas the assistanceto liberated stiltesin pursuitof democraticformsof 3ove.mmerttthroughfree electionsandthe situation betweeflPolandand the Soviet Union.Theclaim·t0 easternPolandby theSoviets wasrecognized,but the conference.also,said that "Poland mustreceive~ubstantial accessionsin teeingin the northandwest." The land would be takenformOetmany and givento Poland in order to pay thembick for the land lost to the U~S.S.R. ·.
However,noneof this would.mean·anythingif an unexl)eCtede·hangeoccuredand Gennany somehowreboundedin their war efforts. This is where1the Potsdam, ·oc
-Berl~ com.erencecome$~ -pl•y. .: .
Through th·is Conferencethe conditionsof the Yalta ~onfelWICCwere enfc;xce.d along with a few others~Thisconferencefollowedthe unconditionalsurrenderof theThirdReichaadw.u.heldfromJuly 17, 1945. The-agr~~ -·fe&Chedstripped Germanyof it's eastern provinces and stated that Germanywas "to compen• to the peat.est extent for -~c loss andsufferingshehadcausedto dieUnited·Nations and for which the German people cannot escape responsibility." This way the Oetttlaneconomywould,in effect, be rui~ .and~therefore,ensure.that they could not jeopardize.thestate of peace.. . .
Gennany was also punishedby a decen · tralia.tion of the German economy, .t · . , .:•. ··1 · • t .;. deJ!nililariation~and O~y wasdividedup w-i~ the~build-
-.:-t
~Ill :~••Y Wlf!P.,agrtwalure •~ ~•eatlC uND~~;. -'Ille$etwo < · • : led to tilt\.end of tlte-~onflictandto a timeofpeace,but did d -._ by ·· ·u-1: • ~1..: • .~ • .de of the :.not on. w•...any -:ffl~S. Japanwas.IU ·:, ilWVOand.kiW.Di lD uiC-lt $1 w•and this.conferencecould only..istue anulaml&ma . ~ -~m to~- ._ . Al ·youtaP·.ae, the Ullitedstateiwasinvotv.i in·every-major.oventJeadinB to tJle state of peac~in Europe.l :andtlrey did not &tapuntil the entire .siiuation hadbeen re,()J.vai.__P-.ce it veeyimportant-to .the ~kl, and it -ia niceto ·•w ~t -we liv~ ui a coantr)' tbatbelieve$in that so much. . .
BIBLIOGRAPHY . . '
Funk and W~palls encyclopedia,:Vol. 20 & 25 c. 197Q ..P.eaceEslay D..Oee Andrews
••
"'then~ MVdsaw $at dJe ~ickedne~ of man was~ on the earth~aPdtl1at every •• · ofOlet;houlhtof llil · heartwas 0-.)' evil contiJlUlllyAnd •Lord was sorrythat He -had~ man on the earth,_and-;Hew~ pie~~ ijis .Heart. .And the · Loni liid. "J.will blot-out .man.wbom.I have crea&ed - the fac.eof the ~- .from man.to a.nim~sto creepingthin&~and to birdsof thest,; .for I Ml SOiiy that I llave _.,,.A.a, .,1i.i,.
: : ·.A-.••~in.a.~e pa11-ap from.-.the1':~, .thete -w~ -(8- dey •tthe .Lord .loob.d aro.und·INl all that Hecouklseew.-ovil. It .cameabout•t He des\rOyed theeartb.exceptforNoahandhisfimily,andamale~ .female-ofeverylivinsdlinl ondie -~- Noah's family was spared d~ because be was the only man without a sinful heart.
11aeforty days and nigllta·that!\{oah_and · lli1.family woreaboard the ark were the mo~ ~ful daysin the history of _ tile·..sh, next to the s~ amount of time between the,Creatk;>nand the fall .of man. During the time of the flood,~ere was no·• in die world.· : · .-.S~e then , .dleworldhas~•~ a.tpeace. Th.ere•has neverbeena sipificant . contriootionthe prevo~tionor resolutionof c~t on the ~of die.~~ $tale.I, or :iU;lY.otm.Ynation ~ that ~r • -
The world will never again be at peace until the descentof the New-Jerusalem,as· seen in Revelation 21:1-22:5.
The fact is that every man is born with a sinful nature, and·until·eachand every one of-usaccepts the Lord Jesus Christ as their own personal Loni andsavior, there ·will be no peace. · Christianityis ··the:keyto not only world peace, but personal peace as well.
·PeaceEssay · LateefJohnson:·
·Thepolitical system of white minority gove1nmentmthe nation of SoothAfrica· hu indeed set a stage conduciveto violentconfli~t. This conflictmanifestsittelf ··by easy ofriots andthepoliceactionthat they invoke.TheUrµtedStateshas adopted a non-militaristic interventionpolicy regardingSouth Africa which has significantly reduced the threat of war in that country. ,.
Sooth Africa is a large producer ,of the.world's gold anddiamond&.These ·commoditiesarepreciousto the UnitedStatesand havebeen for many,many years. ·Largescale strife in .South Africaandits ·surr011ndingneighbors would greatly jeopardize the exportationof these commoditi~sas well as·many rare precious minerals to1beUnited States. Americ.a11military interventionwould surely.spade thi •.e., th uld. nitfa,nn thi • Ame • t A.--,.. •. of S Stri1e ···at WO ·. . ea&UIP•er···.S exportation. · .· nca S YQ..IIIOB to Stay out .· .SouthAfricahas maintainedthe tradebetweenthese·two countries.
America'sSouthAtncan policy colildbe applied to many other·countries. If America would-stayout of Nicaragua,Bl Salvador, and ~anama, it would cut down on the strifein thosecountrie·sandmakeit easiertop exportweapons,marijuanaand cocaineto North America.··Thesameappliesto·opiumexpor1S·intheMiddleEast ·andmetar,netaminesfrom SoutJteut Alia. ·in fact;.if America woutd·ttay:outof all countries,it wouldallow those industriesto run·a mole naturalcourse.
Americahas,sinceWWII,beenvery powerftllin a1n11of howthe workt nms. Americm foreipl policy has important effectson peopleandgovernmentsall over the world. B-ecauseof this, the choice to stay out of South Africam• havebeen · _.a very meticulously thought out processamongthepolicy mttkers in Wuhingw.n. A e..._m·...··.......us;.;~...
Wednesday, December 20, 1989, the United States invaded Panama. Middle East settlement. This program includesa near completeIsraeli withdrawal to its borders, the establishmentof genuinepeace, and the creation of a "homeland" for the "Palestinianrefugees.u Many critic~doubt how successful this plan would be. However,afterspeaking in Clinton onMarch 16, 1977thepressbecameaware of the President's extraordinaryawareness of Middle East issues. His statements that evening "representedthe cohesive and complete position of the United States Goverment." Editorial commentsmade on CartersClinton speech,other than those from Joseph Kraft, ranged from favorable to enthusiastic.
Along with Secretaryof State Cyrus Vance,the United States shook things up on the diplomaticfront. By using unorthodoxlanguage,Carter encouragedmany to take a fresh look at foreign policy. Secretary Vance established him.self as a honest middle man to be trusted. He created a political environment contributing to new initiativesby the MiddleEastern leaders. One may look at Carter and Vance's encouragementas a factor leading to Anwar Sadat's invitation to "all parties of the conflict - including Israel - to meet here in Cairo and prepare for a Geneva conference."
By his visit to Jerusalem, Sadat acknowledgedIsrael's right to exist in a way few Jews thought an Arab leader could. AlthoughSadat and Premier MenachemBegin made a mutal pledge of "no more war" it was clear that Sadat'spromise was pureJy dependent on one factor: if Israel accepted a peace agreement that included the return of all Arab terretories occupied since the 1967 Six-Day War.
As a member of tomorrow'sgeneration, one must examine what can be learned from this event~ Perhaps the most valuable lesson to be gained in that of compromise. If the leaders of t<;>morowlearn to compromise,perhaps the Utopian concept of "no more war" could become a reality.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bruzonsky, MarkA. "Mr. Carter Grasps That Nettle," Nation, April 23, 1977. "Sadat: The Hour of Decision," Time Magazine, December 5, 1977. Peace Essay Dong Nguyen
There have been many times when the United States' efforts made a signi4cant contribution to the prevention of resolution of an internationalconflict. But there is one instance that I think is very importantto look at. In 1980,62 of the more than 125 nations boycotted the Summer Olympic games in Moscow, protesting the Russian invasionof Afghanistan. One of those nations was the United States. John F. Kennedywas the presidentat that time. .He was outraged with the Soviets violent actions and called upon all the nations to join him in a boycott.
I believe there are many good points to Mr. Kennedy'sactions, but there are a lot of drawbacks also. First, let us discuss the good points in his proposal.
President Kennedy showed the nation as well as the world that he was outraged.
He also showedus that he fmnly stood up for his beliefs and values. He taught us to hold our own groundand to be strongwhen the odds are in the opposer'sfavor. ~is gave a very good image of Americaand showedthe rest of the worldthat the United States is credible in all our actions and a tough nation to beat Kennedy showedthe worldthatthe peoplein Americacare aboutwhat'sgoingon in the world and that we shall not stand for the kind of violencethe Soviets showed. Also, in boycottingthe 1980SummerOlympicgamesin Moscow,we told the Sovietsthat we did not agree with,nor did we approveof their actions. Also, we told them that we wereangryand that we wantedcompensationfor whatthey did. The goodthing about the boycottwas that we did it withoutviolence. We showedthe Sovietsthat we coulddemonstratepeacefully.We couldhaveeasilygoneto war withthe Soviet Union, but that would mean there would be more violence. And even though the boycottmade a statement,it was still infectedwith many flaws. As a result of the boycottled by 62 nations,many thousandsof athleteswererobbed of theirchance to excell in their sport and to show the whole world how good they were. It is sad to see an athlete dedicateall bis time for four yearsof training,strenuoustraining, to maybeget a chancein the spotlight:one momentin time when the whole world is watchingyou andcheeringyouon, and then,all of the sudden,thatchanceis taken away from you without your personal consent The athlete is filled with an undesirable amount of disappointment To some athletes, the boycott meant anotherfour years of hard training. To other athletes,it meantretirementfrom the sport becausethey cannot train for anotherfour years, or their age will make them ineligibleto competein the next Olympics.A lot of athletesweredisappointed.I'm sureNebraskawasdisappointedto hearthatScottJohnson,a worldfamousgymnast from Lincoln was unable to compete for the United States. My personaldiving coach Rinaldo Castro, had he gone to the 1980 Olympics,would have been the youngest person to ever compete in Olympic diving. So, a lot of people were disappointed,but the boycott was for a good cause. It was for peace, and peace is the one thing that men have sttived for and will keep strivingfor in the future.
Peace is very hard to obtain and sometimesit is consideredintangible. Everybodywill have their differencesand there will never be a utopian society because I feel man is not on the kind of level that is needed to acquirepeace. We are still very barbaric; we believe in survivalof the fittest. Before we can make peace with others,we must makepeace with ourselves. We must makepeace with our mindsand obtaina highlevelof tolerenceand widerstandingtowardsour fellow man. We must practice what we preach and resolve our differences through peacefulmethodssuch as logical·conversations.
To have peace, man must become more efficient The time they spend fighting and arguingcould be spent doing somethingthat would not hurt others. Man has not reachedthis levelyet We also must learn to controlour thoughts,feelings,and actions that could end up hurting everyone. The one thing we must do is to learn. If we are educated and spend time strengtheningour minds, we will be better informedand learn to cooperatewith others, wether it be friend of foe. ., -.
Peace Essay Paula Dugan
The United States actions after World War II were significantcontributionsin putting an end to the internal conflictsof WesternEurope,the MiddleEast, and the Mediterranian. Without the United States intervention. Many of these nations would have sucumb to financial ruin and hostile takeover. Specificallyby the Soviets or other communistforces.
After World War II, Europe was a continent in ruin. Germany had finally surrendered. And it seemed that everyonewas ready to put the past behind them. It was then that the Soviet Union announcedthat they were withdrawingfor111the AlliedCouncil. They were angry that the Westernpowershad decidedto unite their zones of Germany.
On June 24, 1948 the Soviets announced that the Allied Council had no more rights in Berlin. So began the Soviet blockade. Which would last 11 months. During this time, The United States and Great Britian airlifted desperatlyneeded supplies. Of food~fuel, and machinery into Berlin, there is no doubt that these· em~rgencyairlifts were what kept the people of Berlin hopeful and strong enough to thwart off the communisttake over. Which ended May 12, 1949. When it was over it was determinedthat the U.S. and Great Britianhad sent over $224,000,000 worth of aid.
Unfortunately, the Soviets were not finished. The Soviets aided their North Korean allies in their attempt to invade and take over South Korea.
Not only was the threat of communismspreadingin Asia, Soviet expansionism became a larger threat in the Mediterraneanand the Middle East
Previously,on February24, 1947 Great Britian informedthe United Statesof the seriousthreat the Sovietsposed to Greece. Up until this time the British had been aiding Greece in their struggle against Soviet takeover. Now, their forces exhausted,they turned to us for help· . PresidentHarry S. Trumanexplainedthereasons in which the United States should become actively involved in supporting and aiding Greece. He instructedCongress that it would be impossiblefor our nation to withholdaid so desperatelyneeded to support a democraticGreek government. In studyingthe United States involvementin Western Europe, it is necessaryto cite the importanceof the Marshallplan. George C. Marshall felt that not enough attentionwas being paid to WesternEurope. They, too, were in great need of U.S. assistance. Their economicand social systems were in total chaos. It would take · .a great amount of U.S. involvementto stabilize them and, in doing so, make them self sufficientonce again.
Americais constantlybeing criticized for becomingactive in the affairsof other struggling ~yons. However, just as President T~man stated in the Truman Doctrine,"Oneof the primaryobjectivesof the foreignpolicy of the UnitedStates, is the creationof conditionsin which we and other nations will be able to work out
a way of life free from coercion."
I am proud to be an American. It is my belief that the United States of America throughout history has played a great peacemaker to many nations. Whether it be in the form of military or economic aid and advisement.
BIBLIOGRAPHY •,
The Annual of America. c. 1976
Encyclopedia Brittanica
Vol. IJ . c. 1987
Modem Europe in World Perspective by EugeneAnderson C. 1958
National Peace Essay
Sara Shields
Peace talceseffort. It's the more difficult of two solutions to a world crisis. The Objective in a war is to have everything. Peace requires a process of give and talce. It needs tolerance and compromise. Peace is more than a treaty on paper, it's harmony between nations; a respectful, trusting relationship.
Last December, my aunt and uncle, from L.A., came to visit for the holidays. Our family had gathered at my grandparent's house on Christmas Eve to exchange gifts, to eat dinner, and talk with each other. We do this every Christmas, and the evenirig is always almost the same. But, this year it was a little different. When Grandma gave us her usual ..true meaning of Christmas"lecture, she also suggested that we make a list of all the things our family had to be·thankful for in the last year. The new marriage in our family, my aunt and uncle's baby, and my grandfather's successful operation were mentioned for· the top of the list. After a few more suggestions, the conversation drifted to the world events that had touched our lives in some way. We began to talk about the tremendous changes in Europe with enthusiasum. The Berlin wallcoming down, the revolt in Romania•and the new freedoms·in the Soviet Union were all. brought up. We also talked about the situations in Columbia and Africa, and when my uncle mentioned the U.S. invasion of Panama, skepticism arose about whether our government had done the right thing.
Was there a more peaceful way to remove Noriega from power? My father was sure there was. 0 The U.S. always seems to play the villian,:" he said. "We never do the right thing."
ul don't buy that," my uncle replied. "There are too many instances where our efforts have been a perpetuator of peace." He went to name the Peace Corps, the Marshall Plan and the Camp David Accords as examples.
I knew what the Peace Corps was and I had studied the Marshall Plan a little, but I didn't know anything about the Camp David Accords. My uncle thought the story
would be a convincing argument in support of this country's efforts, so, on my request, he told us about it ... ·
"Palestine is a holy land to Jewish people," he began. "Mo~es,in ancient times, had led them there to escape bondage in Egypt. Until the second World War, they dispersed ·and settled in other parts of the Middle East, in North Africa and in Europe. During the war the Jews invisioned a return to Palestine to flee from the persecution they faced on account of their religious beliefs. Jewish traditions, songs, and folklore all held images of Palestine as a "Promised Land." As they began to immigrate back to their sacred country, they found that most of its inhabitants were Arabs who had gradually settled there from neighboring states.
"The lifestyles and the religious differences of the two peoples created a difficult situation in the country. Tension mounted as more and more Jews immigrated there. Arab nationalism grew rapidly, and they were beginning to feel pushed out of their country. The Arabs in Palestine were backed by ·a loose coalition of Arab states with powerful Egypt as the most significant. The Jews had the sympathy of Great Britain and France.
In the 1920's the ~ague of Nations made Palestine a British mandate. But, in 1948 Palestine was divided into three independent states: Jordan, the Gaza Strip~ and Israel. After the mandate ended, a series of wars broke out between Israel and Egypt."
My uncle couldn't name the exact dates of the wars, but my grandfather looked them up and found that one had started in 1948, one in 1956, one in 1967, and one in 1973. My father asked who the Soviet Union favored during these conflicts and if any other countries were involved. ·
·
0 I know the last three wars involved U.S. confrontation/' he answered. "There were many countries that tried, without success, to stifle the tension between the two states, but conflicting demands on each side made peace talks almost impossible. The Arabs thought Jewish people were terrorists and that they were doing a great injustice.to the Arab people. The Jewish felt that Israel was the only home they had and that they had a divine right to claim it. Each nation believed that their heritage · in Israel gave them the right to occupy it. Peace-keeping forces from the United Nations were sent to patrol the Egyptian-Israeli border."
"In September of 1978, U.S. President, Jimmy Carter, invited President Anwar Sadat of Egypt and the Prime Mini~~erof Israel, Menachem Begin, to the United States to negotiate the situation. The meeting was held at Camp David, a presidential retreat in the Catoctin Mountains of Maryland. Each leader came with demanding proposals; neither wanted to budge for the other. Sadat wanted Israel to return Arab territory captured in the 1967 ·war in exchange for peace, recognition, and security from the Arabs. He also wanted a guarantee of the Arab Palestinian right to self-determination. Begin's concern was that the Jews ought to be able to live on the land they had such a heart-felt connection to. The question became o~ _ of getting rid of Israeli military occupation, while still providing for their legitimate security concerns. It became obvious to both sides that the outcast of either the Arabs or the Jews from Israel or ~hesurrounding territories was unrealistic. They realized that they were fated to Iive with one another. Creative
political ideas were the only possibilityof a peaceful solutionin the MiddleEast."
"The conference at Camp David soon turned into a drawn out process of compromise that lasted much longer than expected. In the end, with Carter's diplomaticabilityandsttategicproposals,an elaborateagreementwasreached. The agreementlaid the foundationsfor three stages of an Egyptian-Israelipeace tteaty which was finalized in March of 1979. The agreementwas based on the territory for peace formula of theUnited Nations, resolution242." ·
"The first part of the accordsprovidedthe plans for a peace treaty betweenEgypt and Israel. The other section .contained goals for peace in the Middle East. Economic,cultural and communicationalties betweenEgypt and Israelbecamean obligation. As a direct result of the accords, Egypt reg~ned the territoryand oil fields lost in 1967. The country also benefittedby being free from the constant threat of war with Israel. Egypt began to concentrate on internal development challengesamong other benefits. Israel was given free passage throughthe Suez Canal, but its real reason to rejoice was the protectionthe new agreementoffered."
My uncle scratchedhis head for·a moment. He fmishedby quotingJimmyCarter, "We have a chance for peace," the President.had said, "becausethese two brave leaders found within themselvesthe willingnessto work together."
My father was the fust to comment after the story was over. ult seems that .the acceptanceof human differencesis a global crisis."
My motheradd~, " To coexist with other cultureswhile simultaneouslykeeping .our own individuality is not an easytask. Onepers~n•s~med beliefsand customs can be a threat or some kind of violationto another. To help one group may be to offend another."
"Where·is one to draw a solution?" My grandmotherwanted to know.
My uncle answeredby saying, "It's not uncommonfor one person'sproblems to affect their surroundingneighbors,and globalconsiderationinsteadof nationalism seemsto be a petpetuatorof peace. That is whypeacefulinvolvementwithoutthreat or intimidationis necessaryto insure the well-beingof everyone."
"Conflictspreads like a disease,"Gran~a said in a soft low tone. "Theonly cure is patie~ce,compromise,and hope for the future." .
It all starts with the individual,I realized. Sometimesit seems like its only the powerfulworld leaderswho can make a difference,but everyonecontributesto the world'ssituationin someway. Prejudices,intoleranceand lack of understandingare at the root of war. The people who deliberatelypracticethe oppositeof those vices are the creators of peace.
I told my family that William James once said, "I will act as if what I do makes a difference." We all agreed that peace begins with ourselves.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Harber, Eitan; Schiff, Zeev; Yaari.,Ehud. The Yearof the Dove, Toronto,New York, and London: Bantam Books, 1979. Jordan, Hamilton. Crisis,New York: G.P. Putnam's sons, 1982. Peretz, Don. The Middle East. Boston: HoughtonMifflinCompany, 1973.
Lincoln Hi&h
Quandt, William B. Camp David. Washington D.C.:The Brookings Institute, 1986.
Smith, Gaddis. Morality, Reason, and Power, New York: Hill and Wang, 1986.
Peace Essay Teri Sparling
The United States' involvement in World War II is one instance in which a significant contribution was made towards the resolution of an international conflict. It may be impossible for some people to believe that the efforts of the United States eventually led to the resolution of World War II. This war lasted for an incredibly long time, 1939 to 1945, but the United States played a large role in its end.
In the beginning, the United States was simply helping other countries in the war. Its main allies were Great Brimin and the U.S.S.R. The United States turned most of its factories over to the manufacturing of weaponsand other materials necessary for protectionand fair combat in the war against Germany and its allies. The United States turned most of its factories over to the manufacturing of weapons and other materialsnecessary for protection and fair combat in the war against Gennany and its allies. The United States intervened to·assist its allies in defeating Germany,with its cruel fascist leader, Hitler, and the other axis powers, Japan and Italy.
The United States became more personally involved in 1941. This was due to Japan bombing Pearl Harbor.The United States no\v put all of its power and all of its forces into this war. Defeating Germany and now Japan, more than ever before, was the major issue.
By putting our power and our forces into Europe and the Pacific, we managed to resolveWorld War II. Ge~any and Japan were defeated, while Italy changed their mind and switched over to our side in the end. We played a large role in the resolutionof World War II for the simple reason that we were politically strong, and more importantly, our military was very strong and powerful. ·
Tying this in with peacemaking is the difficult part. The United States, having such a large role in World War II, is obviously not the peacemaking part. The fact that the United States had a great deal to due with the resolution of the war must be remembered. The way I fit the United States' involvement in World War II and peace together is as follows: ·
I believe that things would have been almost worse for the United States if they had not been involved in World War II. My reasoning for this is that it would have been easier for Germany and its allies to take over with their totalitarian ways if the United States had not been involved. Had this been allowed to happen, I don't think we wouldbe living as peacefully as we are now. I'm not saying that the United States is a totally peaceful country, but we seem to be living in a more peaceful state than many countries. If Germany and its allies had won, and caused the United States to become a dictatorship, I believe that we would have, and still would be, living in a state of unrest. The people of the United States, being used to and content with
living in a democraticcountry, would have had a lot of troubleconverting to fascism by force. By democratic I mean having all of the rights and freedoms that are in the Constitutionand the Bill of Rights, and then some. I mentioned,just previously,that if Germany ha~ been allowed to take over our country, we would, most likely, be living in a state of unrest. By unrest I mean that there would be a lot of revolting going on by the people of the United States. I believe that we would have, at some time, gone through a very troubling time such as that of China right now. Many people,mainly students, in China are being threatened,injured, and killed as a result of their revolting against theirdictat9r. I believe that the United States would have gone through a very similiar situation, if not more severe, had Hitler been allo~ed into the country. We wouldn't have been, and wouldn't be, living in as peaceful a country as we are now if Germany and its allies had won, back in 1945.
As for any lessons that should be learned from this, I can think of only one: We should not always be so quick to judge those who get us involved in wars . and conflicts. I am one who tends to get upset when our people are hurt and killed because they were involved in wars or conflictsto aid another country or countries. But, if we take some time to analyze the situation more, we may find that we are affected, or that we would be affected, in the long run if we dido't play a part. We could also find that it would be to our advantagein the long run. The United States still hopes that if we ever need any aid, at least some of the countries that we have helped in the past will be there for us. Of course, the lesson we should learn from World War II, all wars for that matter, is that they don't pay and that we should prevent them. Even though this is true, it is also unrealisticat this point in time. But we should not quit trying to prevent wars or quit trying to find a more direct way to make international peace. So, I believe that, in the long run, the United States' involvement in World War II was a peacekeepingrole.
Peace Essay Ken Love
The U.S. went to Panama to restore peace within the countryat all costs. The U.S. made it clear to Noriega and his forces that there would not have to be any violence if he would tum himself in. The U.S. made the the best decision in going to Panama for several reasons. I believe that the U.S. made a good move in going to Panama because it shows that President Bush isn't the wimp that he is supposed to be, and it showsthat the U.S. is willing to do somethingabout the drugs coming into the U.S. It was also a good move because it shows what we will do for a country that has the democraticsystem of governmentinstalled. This incident also shows what the U.S. is willing to do .to obtainjustice. I think that the U.S. has made·a statement to other countries that we are not willing to negoiate with non-law abiding people when it affects the U.S: directly. The importance of the U.S. intervening in international conflicts is greatly shown in the Panama ordeal, and intervention is necessary to keep peace with the world. Peace is the most valuable state of mind, and we must do our best to sustain it, otherwise our future will surely be a dark one.
Peace Essay
Dylan McCullough
In the past decade, the world has seen many conflicts. Ranging from Romania, East Germany, and Czechoslovokia to Libya, Panama, Grenada and Colombia to Iran, Nicaragua, and South Africa, the United States has seen these conflicts and have chosen to make their presencefelt in many. It has been made clear on numerous occasions that the United States is not afaid to use violence for peace. The effects of violent action are obvious and numerous;innocentlives are lost, defending and . attacking countries are usually hurt; the losing country realizes the error of it's ways and changes and winning country rejoices and feels additionally important. These effects are shown clearly by the United States attacks on Libya, Grenada, and Panama. Peaceful means are hardly used in the solution of international conflict, only a few instances come to mind. Since this essay is a "Peace essay" and not a ''Violence essay,"! find it much more appropriate to discuss the United States "peaceful"actions toward the eventual solution of an international conflict President Jimmy Carter's actions in response ~.the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan show two major peaceful actions.
In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded the country of Afghanistan in order to ~pread its communist regime. President Carter was urged to respond to this action and to follow rules set forth by the Truman Doctrine. President Carter took two major actions: the Grain Embargo, and the boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in ·Moscow.
The Grain Embargo cut off all grain trade to the Soviet Union. Because of the Soviet Union's geographyand size and amount of people necessary to feed, the cutoff of the major grain producer in the world w~uld be disastrous. It was but the total effect was not the·anticipated effect, which was Soviet Union's pulling out of Afghanistan. Instead U.S. fanners were hurt a great deal,the demand for grain was not as great so the prices for grain went down and many midweste~ grain producers went out of business causin.g.unemployment apd _inflationto rise. ..The .Orain Embargo was a good idea at first, but the anticipated effect was not the true effect on the U.S. and U.S.S.R.
The boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow had much more of an affect on American athletes than Soviet troops. American athletes who had been training for four years were left in the cold when President Carter decided to hold back from the 1980 Olmpics. This really had no affect on the Soviet Union except that a major country was held out of the Olympics.
No, neither of these actions did have an immediate effect on the Soviet Union's involvementin Afghanistan. Both of these reactions were solely diplomatic. Not until 1989 did the Soviet Union pull out, and that was more due to Mikhail Gorbachev's "glasnost" than anyting else.
Advgcate
Peace Though Mediation
Jeanne McShane
In an age where nuclear weaponsare named ""peace-keeperstt it is necessary to reflectupon a timewhenpeacecouldbe achievednonviolently,withoutthe threat of nuclear weaponsto scareus into a truce. In 1905,the United Statesintervened intheRusso-JapaneseWar.OureffortschangedaplausibleWorldWarintoapeace treaty. Itwasamuchcleanerwaytoenda war; todaywegetinvolvedinthe fighting, and escalatethe war beforean end comes. We used a differenttacticin 1905, and it workedvery well.
The Russo-JapaneseWarhad everypossibilityof involvingall the mostpowerful nationsof thetime. GermanyandFrancesidedwithRussia,EnglandfavoredJapan, and the United States would followEngland if she went to war.
PresidentTheodoreRooseveltwas under the impressionthat France,Germany, or both wouldjoin Russiaat the slightest provocation. With that in mind, he sent notice to the leaders of both nations that the United States would go to the aid of England if they enteredthe War. England was in agreementwith us. Our threat effectivelyachievedits goal: Franceand Gennany did not join the War. Had the War continued,the threat of a World War would have increased.
To dissuadea world-wideconflictwe sidedwithJapan,but manyJapanesedid not appreciateour friendship. Theyfelt we were their "naturalenemies";lthey wanted revengeupon us for our possessionof the HawaiianIslands. One Japanesegeneral (after a few too many drinks) was he-ardto say: "Japan will take the Philippine Islandswhen she desiresthem. She is ready now, and to take the HawaiianIslands as well. But do you imaginethat will satisfy us? We never forget and we never forgive a personalinjury. San Francisco will see the day when she will wish that she had perishedin the GreatEarthquake.I tell you we willmakea JapaneseColony of Californiaand the PacificCoast, Alaska included... The United States areour naturalenemy ... "2
Americadid not know of this specific threatwhen we becameinvolvedin peace negotiations._We did realize, however, that Japan was gettingtoo powerful,and might developexpansionaryideas. As Japan becamemore successfulin the War, the higherthe chanceswere that she would disruptEasternAsia for yearsto come. The Russo-JapaneseWar ended at a perfect time. They were at a stalemate,no one won, no one lost. Neithercountrywent homefeelingall-powerfulor ready to conquer the world.
Although we sided with Japan when dealing with Germanyand France, our officialpositionwas one of neutrality. The Americanpublicdid not think the vital nationalinterestswereinvolvedin the Russo-JapaneseWar, at leastnot beyondthe
I AlexanderTarsaidze,Czarsand Presidents,(New York, McdowellObolensky Inc, 1958) pg. 338.
2Ibid
Roosevelt'sofficialDeclarationof Neutralitystated:"Whereasthe United States generalinterestsharedby all powersin establishingand maintainingworldpeace.3 are on terms of friendship and amity with all the contendingpowers, and with personsinhabitingtheir dominions..• the lawsof the UnitedStates•.. imposeupon all persons who may be within their territoryor jurisdictionthe duty of impartial neutralityduring the existenceof the contest ... "4
It is this policy of neutralityand professed friendshipwhich placed the United Statesin a unique positionto negotiatewith both warringnations. Rooseveltwas the only leader that Japan and Russia both trusted. BecauseFrance and Germany were obvious in their supportof Russia,Japan could not trust them; Russia could not trust England because of her alliances with Japan. Our neutrality made us a valuablepari of peace negotiationsbetweenthe two countries. Rooseveltused his influenceat a crucial time.
Japan and Russia both needed peace in 1905. Czar Nicholas II of Russia desperatelyneededto turn his attentionto the inter11alproblemsthat were developing in his country--therevolutionthat ended the reign of Czars was about to take place. Japanese Emperor Mutsuhito also needed to pay more attention to his country'sfinancialproblems.Neithernationcouldaffordto continuethe three-year War.
Rooseveltrealizedboth countriesdesiredto end theWar.Japan and Russiaagreed that a mediatedpeace treaty wouldnot be satisfactory;they wanteddirect negotiations.
Rooseveltacted only as a mediatorto get the two nationsto form their negotiation parties. He urged them to make peace "not only for their own sakes, but in the interestsof the whole civilized world••'5 He assured them that they would have consolationin knowing that they would " ... possiblybe saving hundredsof lives and doing ... what was best for their people,and at the sametime winningthe respectof the world"6by ending the War. By convincingboth countriesto publiclyagree to a peace conference,providing a place for the two countriesto meet, and seIVingas an unofficialcounselorto the warringparties,Rooseveltplayed a vital role in creatingthe peace treaty signedby Japan and Russia in Portsmouth,New Hampshire,Septemberfifth, 1905.
PresidentRooseveltacted as a mediatorto persuadeJapan and Russia to end their war. In the past forty years the UnitedStateshas done too little mediating. Rather, we have tried to create peace using our military strength. It often seems, to the outsideobserver,that we have lost sightof our objective:peace. Many times we are moreinterestedin promotinggovernmentthatare favorableto us, no matterthe cost. Korea, Vietnam,Grenada,Nicaragua,and Panama,are all examplesof how our militaryforces have been used to sway violent situationsin our favor. Sometimes our militarywas able to createpeace throughviolence,sometimeswe were not In 3 RaymondA. Esthus, TheodoreRooseveltandtheInternationalRivaJries(U. S.A., Ginn Blaisdell, 1970)pg, 1
4 StanleyJados, Ph. D, Documentson Russian-AmericanRelations (Washington to Eisenhower)
each caseAmericansoldiers lost their lives. Military interventionincreased the death toll of war. --
Instead of adding to the casualties of war, the United States, as a peace-keeper, ·should model after the successfuldiplomaticmaneuversthat Theodore Roosevelt used to bring an end to the Russo-JapaneseWar. He took a potential World-War situation and created an atmospherewhere peace could be discussed and, finally, obtained. The United States spends too much time and money improving the military. More effort should be used to educatepeople who have the potential(like Theodore Roosevelt) to become great conciliators. Instead of nuclear "peace-keepers", we need oral peace.;.makers.
5· HowardK. Beale, TheodoreRooseveltand the Rise of Americato World Power (Baltimore,The Johns Hopkins Press, 1956) pg. 251
6 Ibid . BIBLIOGRAPHY
Beale, HowardK. Theodore Rooseveltandthe Rise of America to World Power, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1956.
Busch, Noel F. T .R,tllSGStoryof TheodoreRoosevelt and his Influence on 0•1r Times, Reynal and Company, 1963.
Dennet, Tyler Roosevelt andthe Russo-JapaneseWar, Doubleday, Page and Company, 1925.
Esthus, Raymond A. Theodore Roosevelt and theInternationalRivalries. Ginn°' Blaisdell, 1970, Jados, Stanley S. Ph.D. Documentson Russian-AmericanRelations (Washington to Eisenhower}The CatholicUniversityPress, 1965. Roosevelt,Theodore. Theodore Roosevelt <anautobiography).Ch~les Scribner and Sons, 1924.
Democracy'sundertakingsto spread its roots into unfamiliarterritoryhas headed the world's news in 1989. One ·of the topics making headlines is Panama and its leader General Manuel Antonio Noriega.·
Panama, which was basically created by the United States in 1903, when it . declaredindependence-from Colombia,has a historyof dependence. The Panamanians created their _ constitution from ours, since then their fate has been cr~ssing with ours but Panama has lived under military rule for nearly 21 years.
After two and one-half years of extremetension,the Panamaniantroops killed an Americansoldier,tbenjailed and~ two Americansthat had witnessedthe killing. In recent months the United States' military officials have said any attack on the United States' military staff would bring a violent response immediately. On
Wednesday,December 20, 19.89,the United ·statesinvaded Panama • .·mallyJ)COplethoughtthat ·theunited States actionwas tl)eonly viable solutiont,o tile Panamanianeconomic"andpolitical crisis. The United States sent 2,000 additionaltroopsto join the 24,000 trOQpSalreadyin Panama.··the UnitedStates troops ·overtookNoriega's ·•oigllityBattalions'. . . . . . ..
~· the United Sta~s ~ent searchingaround for Noriega,who had left the· PanamallianDefenseForces·(PDF) io fight while he went into;hiding. Thelocal PDF commaD.Oer and the top United~ratesofficials beaan·negotiating.·The 'Dingbats'soon were handing·in their ·guns.;.with the conditionto8Cceptthe new governmentunder the Ulla.Cknowled&edGuillermoEndera. . .
·Thegovernmentunder ~e.sident Guillermo Endurahas the blessing.of theUnited States·aovffl.UBent.Already $400 million·ofdiePanamanianassets,frozen·bythe· United States,havebeen released. .
Despite the lootingthathas been gC>ingon,the_Panam81lianshavebeenapplauding . the invasion.. ThroughoutPan~a. the United Statestroopshave.been greeted with cheers.··
SQmeddq that we canlearnfrom this experiencewith GeneralNorie&i.1 is ~t ualawfu.lbehavior, in•any form.,doesn'tprovidelastingpeaceor any permanent ·. satisfaction.Panamahasnowlearnedthat harmonyis "thepleaaDIinteractionor appropriatecombinationof the e,lementsin whole.ft. . .
Onepolitician•swifeinvited SOllleUnitedStates'visitorsintoaro.olllwherethere was a note sbehad wri&i.en • It stti.d..God Bless America. Thankyou all".
"US-PanamaTensionHigh AfterSlayinaofa u.s.·Officer."IhcOviSiM Ss;ience . MIIUIOt~(December19,1989). p. 6 .· .
·.Howdie.U.S. SlowedInternationalTerrorism
Brian Geer
. .Th.re wasa tiffle,starting in 1933,when.the entireworld was fearfulof : terroristsand their l~r Muamni.arQadhafi. · It startedwith truck bombmgsin Bei,ut, thenKuwait,gunfireinLondon,minesin the:lte<!Sea~ • b.ijackinaofatw A . jetliner from Athens-to-Rome with 104Americans aboard, then.theAchille Lauro
cruise ship, gunmen in Rome and Vie~naairports, bom~ ex,losion_on a TWA .fliPt from Rome-·to- Ath~s, aild the final straw bombing a West Bertin diico-. thequepopularwith U.S.. servicemen.These•iveremajorterroriStactionsfromtbe ..thN,eyearperiodlastingfromApril 1983to April 1986.The United Statesbombing . of L1byai. been proven,to·have·considerablyreducedte1roristactionsarriundthe lobe
".'.
I
· · ·0nApril26, 1984,after.thedeadisofl64peoplePiesidentReaganasked forantiterrorist . laws··~• wo~d !llatelt c~ ..1011_1ycountrythatis temptedto U-. vi~e ...that it :bas nothing.to I~ and·~ucllto Joie."lnOctober of theSllffi8 afterbeingelected·for a·second tenn he declared.that'theU .$.·wouldretaH•·only if they. can find tltose resp(lllsiblewithout eftdanJering _ tltelives -~f..innocent civilians~ :This sparked a bitter:.debaleoyer~hetltertheu·~s.h~ eve» moreof dieviolencemat·Qadhafithrived·on. In Aprilof .19851te·told.. .~oJIO\Ve~ "to diejust to spite America"whichis whatcausedthe large·rash of bijackincsand bombiapof Americanjedinets. ·
... 1berealwat OD tett1orisn,didn'tit8lt oodl·aroulidrieceuiber·t985~.John M. PoindextorrepJ~ced Robert C. ~adane as national-secretaryadvilor and madea• tow•--anresstveactionsonteiTtrism.Onthe27tll.~f dlat ~e mondlp&men••kedltotne ·andV~akporu ·ttffl~ 20J*->p~,incldaj five Americans.ne ·WbiteHOUie Libyabut Qadhafi .dofeti<ted the atiacb• actsof heroism.In early 1986,lleapn t-,an in u.s · . carriers~·oraerec1 all Am.. .to.1-veLiby~ ~d broke aD·fJCOftOllllc f.ils.· nie·c-A Libyan asentsWltchirig'35U.S. installaliona,c. themferpotentialtitgcts.This.didnot stop Qadhafi as he bombeda 1W A jetliner and then the West Berlin Discotheque . that killed an Americanservicemanaswen asinjutjns 230 others.
OnApril 14, 1~6, ~ -U .S.!·-_c;onducte4 a seriesof air sttjkes on"terrorist centers"in Ubya~claimina ·that1thad "e.xact.J)i'ecise,and irrefutable".evidencethat Li.bya been behind dteWestBorlin ·bombinp. ·Theactionsiaten bythe United ·States.~ 1114shockedQadbafi; t1tere·weteriimors··of ·attempte4 _mu,tinyin Tripoli followinglbe air-raids-For day~ (ollowins theair ,;aid.QadWi~• into introverted·sechlsioii·that kept himoot of theworld ·scene·tor two m•. ··
A defmitionof peace to . supportmy ideatMtforc~broughtabout~eis:: "thecondition·that:exists _ wbcmnation~orOlber_·-~ups-·,arenot µghttn& ·~~m fromnoise,worries,.troubles,.f,an, etc." · The UnitedStatesis·no kmPrfighµng LID}'L··The world·is less concernedwilh being:bombedor-ltijackedby a mefflber of Qadhafi~sgoons. The lastmajorterrorist·-actions1·,o\ltidwas1n·0ecem~of 1987 and had only a death count of six, with ~ven wounded..A manin a hang gliderflew into an ·Israelicampheavily armedand_destroyed muchof whatwas ill-his path. It is DO\li .1990and·'it has ~ '.fourye,ns ·since the Libyan incident. ThroughresearchingtheReadersOukte··toPoriociicLiteratu,eforthesefouryears I have foundno major internationalterroristactions and 111ostofwhat was found underdtet()picof .ta1·orism wasfrom~ thisfour yearpetjod. I shalleonclu4e .that thefotcethe United States showed .-mbombin& :Libya liu greitly reduced~e fearof-internationalterrorism.. ' : . ' . '! : _
United States Involvement in South African Apartheid · · Heather Cbaaistrom ~-
·_White dominationin South Africahm been the way of life for its peoi>le for a long time. White supre.macyin not a change-fromhow things have always been,thewbi~s havealwaysbeenthe dominatenice in thatculture. It bas become a normalway of life for thosewho live there. To the blacks and nonwhitesin that countryit is second nature to feel the pressuresof white·supremacy~even though theywere,and continuetobe, the majorityof the populationin-SouthAfrica,leaving hi · 1 - ._L;_., • • s ·nth hi 1 · · · · th -&. 1 w te peopB;iu~ mtnonty. ·u , ·-e w ·-te popu atton1srecognizing.-at peac~u actionsneed to be takenin order to change their_culture.People living in South Afric~ bodl.:wb.iteand nonwhite,Ire now bein&forcedto ree.valuatetheirentire structureof life ·aadtheir ·government This,·in tum~ creates_ptobleffls·tor •that country. Some of the white people in SouthAfricarecopZethe inequalityin tooir societyand changepeacefullyand willingly.Whilemostof the whiteschangeVeTy ~grudginsly, if at all. Their ·unwillinpessto chan,e is dueto the f~t that thishas bee tb
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1.!Jd n e way . QK,11 cw...-~ .iorWIW. 8t&U.4\ir u.,e.rrom Ult;, mom~ ·.a Will C111 is born it is given fflore~s, mofe privilegel andopportunities.and is treated . better thana nonwhitechild. Until this white childcomesto the age wherehe can think for himself,it never occurs to him that life could or should be any other way. Then,by the time thatsamechild is at the age wherehe is abieto think for himself, ·thisway of life-basbeeningained in him. It hasbecomebi$ style of life, because it.basbeentheonlyway he knewas he was growingup. The reversei$ true for the nonwhitechild as well. . . .
·.As the _,orld,specificallythe Unit.edSuite~looks at the situadonin South Africait isapparenttbata peacefulchangemustoccur.·The UnitedStatesposition is a veryteftuousone~·we·lfea.strongnationandhavea lot of influenceoverother countriessuchas SQ.UthAfricato yield to.our wayof lite. We'velearnedfrompa.st experiencethat we haveto usemorediplomaticmethods. Also,becausethe Un~ted S foaa • I ,.-A
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IV
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•tze W volatilethe conditionscan be,·and how importantgradual,peeteful changesatre. The Uni,edStatesis attemptingto putpressut.e.onthe SouthAfricangovernmentto reevaluatetheclass structureof·dteit COUntty. -•·.W,e&recurrently'involved in conductingeconomicsanctionsa\(linstthe SouthAfricangovernmenttofotce~em to peacefullyreevaluatetheir standon racial inequalityandaim themat achieving _ a morepeatefultruedemocracyin theircountry.TheUnit«tState.srealiZCs that tbis isn•tan overn'lht _solution.We are Jlopefulthat thistypeof ptelsurewill reducebloodshed ab~ viotenct,betweenraces•. This,peaceful-cbangewin·comeabout inte111allywidlout outsideforcesdic11tingthe conditionsof the c.hanges.·· .. .' F'ottheUnitedStatesduringtheCivilWarthelessonlearnedWU notto use . force to.change ideas_t;bathad-previously1,eert3CCeptedandlive,dby. ·Instead,a more peaceru1~.diplomatic_means mustbe used for the outcometobe more pennan~ntandagreeableto everyoneinvolved.·Eatbpartymustgive somethingup in ordertog~t what they want.·This idea(otcompromisehelped theUnited States, '. '·
and many Qtbernations,to get what they want.The United S-tatesused the lesson . it learned and didn't force·s.outhAfrica to change completely overnight. They ·. offered the South.Africangovernment incentive to try to change the way the ~onwbite people of S~th ~ca. were treated. From this, ~fully, future governmentsand·societieswill recognizethat all peopl~are equal, notdepending uponthe colorQftheir skin andnot <iependinaupo~·the abilities.they111ay·or may notappearto possess.Instea(lofusingforce or vi~nce, a peaceful.gradu~ change will give a.reater,longer.lasting rewardsto countries who use it..
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
John ...· B. · .. ''P•.
~F·
; ierman, ·0.1~ .. or · ,,e, . .iY~ eans, iv;UUc
~ter Brimelow,"Why South AfricaShrugs at-Sanctions,''ForDeS,March9, 1987, 101-104
EdwardJ. Perkins, ·Review of U.S.SouthAfricaRelations, ~partment of
Ifllk~toplacea~lsof ..strong .and·weakQDrecentU.S.,prefidenu, the majority.of Americanswould plaster Jimmy Carter with the latter. Reaganand GeorgeBushwouldbelabe.lleditrong. rtus conceptiondoesa poss injusticeto ·carter,.woo·.provides.·us the most re.cent·examplt,·.of .true politic.a.I courage:theCampDavid.accords of 1978,in whicbairterplayed a pivQtalrole. No president since basexhibited Carter'scouragetQ rilk loss of popularity. This ex.ampleshoo.Idbe fumly enlflU.lled in the f!l~~ Qf all would-be pe.acem.ak.ers, esl)eeiallyour presideiit..
·· · By taking a polit.icalrilk.,Cart.erhelpedbringpeace~tween two biu~r enemies.·The·hisft.>rYof.Egyptia11-lsraelirelationsshowshowJnonumentaltile· peacetreatyof .1979was.. S.1nceIsraelwa,establishedas a J~wi.shhomelandin ·th¢ late forties, it.and Egypt ~··be.en.en.c-mi~s ...·.Em,t, Jordan,Syria,and Lebanon. regardedIsraelites.ashaving stolenrightfulArab domain,but l.beArab·nations could notmilitarilydefeatlJl(lre-takeIftel. Badblood sbnrneredandspilledin the . followingdecades,mostnotablyin the ti SevenDay War"of 1967.Israelttjumphed, f-n.L-:e .the·· s· n ·. la#-- E··.avnt J ..-·~--·-· . __.,.tb ,,, . t Dn.-L- .· 1· J. ...In..;.. ~•8 .. · 1na1r'entnsu uU.U• 0 ; r, '1.t ~m a1iu e ,..es p.cua o u.w Or\aal River from Jordan-,and Golon Heights from Syria.· Bord.erfracasel erupted intamittedly ·until 1973, when IS1881and Effl)t again · warred. .There was a stalemate.'AnwarSadat, presidentof Egypt, let it be knownthat he welcomed diplomatic action to briflg and end to the raaing war.. Henry Kissinger,U.S. Secretary of State underRichard Nixon,had previouslyattempted to aleviatethe situation,with somesuccess..This made the U.S.a prim.~candidatefor diplomatic· "referee". Jimmy Carter took up the gauntlet, offering to host talks between Sadat
,,
and Israeli Prime Minister, Menachim·Begilil. : Begin&lfeed. The three men met at I Camp David, ·andemerged with the hand-holdingthat foreran the peace treatyof 1979. Th~treaty ceMedfightingbetween Egypt and Israel, and re-drew bo·undaries. Israel gave back to Egypt the Sinai Peninsula,effective in 1982,and drew back from the Suez Ca'l)al . . The -two countries havecoexistedpeac8fullysince, and the U.S. has maintaitied ~lations with both.·· ·,
Ji~yCarterrisked losing popularity with his constitudlts by ~ng the 1978ace~. If -nothing.had been acco~plished, Carter would have failed · in the eyes of the majority ·of American·press and ·citaen.ry.·It would have been natonil for Begin and ..Sadatto fail:·they hated each other.Theburden of of bringing tlte-two together rested ·heavily·on Carter.
·Cattei"·abo risked popularity lon by dealiq soclosely with Sadat. ·It was· ' courageous for the head of the traditionally ,,._Israeli U ..S. gov.anntent to risk a n ll'Vl'lhfMI t ,.L.-t I · I' 1,..:. 1i. ·
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··a1 ·..d f pro-»e:, ~- · , srae s 0Hu1 was i:wa~1.1y · · y ·,tftlftCI • .-m rom .:-.A
a,IDS.
Jimmy Carterwalkeddim ice when he hostedtheCamp Davi(l'accords.He risk4sd -a col~ fall. ia order to-advance gtobar.peace.;Durinahis tenure in offlec~R.on1ld.R.cagan.·never eve.ngot nearthe ~nd; : remaining near the \\rar11,fire of popul•·approval~ ·.GeorgeBustibu, ·thusfar, ~ne tilesame.Carter'scou,qe attd b ·u· ~d ff dh .,,.1.r ._.dthe. 1 .: 1 0·1 . ham . ... · . H" . . . am , ,.onpai • o-· ,an · e~; ._. 1ce~an •ympicc .·pt<ffl• . , tsex~e -1...- lA · · --. Aftl"t\lH"RO;A A-1 ,.,;L,. ....: n _..,i;. -...:,.1A 1...-. 1-.,.t ·••• nil ! · "f · MtUUlUS8f'VCTA.Jw.1A,-~.._~~-u\AU -. ...,. •• ~PIWUIIIU~AUG ,wi.inllcel , ·ore electedofficialslo.ftoffice after one tomi ofpeilonally risky auempuat~c, than aft« ··two terms·of .applauded complae.ency..·-Let Bl hope.that as our ·chosen reproseatative1.-aot about peace-making~they r~ber the :cOOl'llP,of Jimmy ' c~. .
BIBLIOOR.APHY · ·.
"O.K· . Muammar, your move." U,S~:N"1 anstWorklRegort. 7, :1986;P~20~ "Taking aim at Americans." U,S.Mows;mdWgrld.&Dn, April 14,1986,p. 19.: "C untd to tn·b ~- " LIS ti ·- 1DiJlmlg :&U A ·128 1986 · 22 o ;· own re · · UiiQD. Jct·~·:& · +l~, · pn ·., · , .p. . Lexicon Publications,Inc. TueNa 1:qicQn ·Wc.batcr'1J)ictionmgf .theEnalilb Jariwre,1989. . · ·
I think a major contributionwas··made io:the -•ternationalpeace cf(ort when President TheodoreRooseve1t·broupt abouta peace -·OOftference in Por1$mouth, New ~- to eft€Jdie warbetweenRussia• J.~ · · · _. . .
Before·die fiot world war,·dte R~•Japaneie war·was considered098·:of the majormilitary11rugles of all time. TheJple~ bed·Junended their fighting with China in· 1895· ; ·they were.·now conndereda·J'tlW•·dire.al This-was alSQ·the be.ginning-of Asiat1Nationalism in which·~ -J~ ;proved they·were proud to fight for their country.After the defeat of ·Chiria~Japan ceded PortArthur andthe· . Liao.tungPeninsula. .Russia, Germany,.andFt.Qn(!edec.ided they did not like this so ' '
they fotced her out~ Japan did so, but dvee years.later.~ussia invadedand stayed. ' at .these tw-o ~ -and in .Chinese..Manchuria. ' ~ Ruasjans -told the-Japanese:they. woukl .,withdraw.but did.not .do so; in February·.of 1904, Japan tolpedoed the. Russian,s :at Port Arthur. ·= : .,
.She C()Dtinu.edher attack on the Russiantroopsand forced them sadly back home in many embarrassing defeats. So, with all these countries in.volved,.Theodor~ Roosevelttook char.1eand set up a confer-enceio havetreaty talksto end theirwar. -
· - -R~velt pursued'an activist.foreip policy.from the·beginningof bis .Presidency.
H.oalso wu. the first americanto winthe NobelPeacePrize for bis involvementas · ~- - I·th-Roosevelt is .someonewho.we..should .all study;to l~ whathe. did to makethe United States a respectable country and one of integrity;thatcared ·. aboutotberCQUD.triesfore~ery~'swelfare.·Rooaev,,1twu.involv«i·inJD.1Dyother things concemiq. foreign involvement. . .
He sent a deleption -to the AlgecirasCooferenee·of -1904to help-settle a ~t between Gennany and France.over Morocco. He .helped to ·preserveEuropean . halance.:of ·poworsin a seriesof crisesbetween 1904~1906. : ii. ·1ave most of his $40.000Peace Prize money to help the Foundation·f9f .tbeProaotiOn· ot Industrial. Peace~ Now, I don't knowwhatthis tcl,Syou;.but it tells .me~• \Wl8 a ,pretty importaatfactor in theexi~taooe-of lhe United Sta:testodedicate thismuchtimeand enoray.to the muse.. . -: · . .. . I !pink.maybe if ,.:-~nt Bash wouldhave doae his .homework.in studying.. RoosoveJ:tandodlerpeace..mater.stikohim,we wouldn'tbe havingas.mlllyfipting problems:as we are·havingnow. Althou,h; .l do haveto say Roose.voltdid,.-sencl . · to Pan..-a h.imaelf;.to abelt a 1903~volution in~ andtake~trol of diePanamaCanal.
Still,this shows that no one man or women perfect , but all must striveto -make· a saferworld. . . , . ~-
· . Peace E.tay. , Niellole Brown ·'
In October 1962, the United S-tatescame close to a nuei..- ·war.-with the Soviet Union in Cuba. This confrontationis known as the Cuban missile crisis. It was a ·time of tense discussion and negotiation for President John F. Kennedy. The . ·crisis in U.S. History sets a precedentfor the United States as a peacemaker. During the·Cubanmissile crisis the .U.S.-showed it wouldn't tolerate.communist ~o•em~t in Latin Am.ericathat would.tbr~n the securi~yof ·the United·States or·tbe·&tJffl>unding:cotmtdes • . .The Uliited·S,tates.sot the.limit~ -theamountof powerthe s.ovietUnion couldexercisein LatinAl,:.terica~From this conflictwe . · learned that tbe:Uniled State.Ican be a model and leader in the peace kecpjftg· ... . efforts ~Y exefcising·its power-il:ldseltina·a · prec~nt. -._.
In -July 1962; the U~S.loameddiet the SovietUnion bad begun.shipmentsof · medi'1m~ranpand int.erm.ediate~ran1ebillisticmis1ile.s:to.Cuba.·.01.1Se,.ember13·, · ·. · ~i<len.tJohn F~Kennedyassuredthe c.ountrydte shipmentsof arms to:-Cuba "Do no~coos:titut,e a ieri<>us -~ tolf:ly otherpart Qf the.hemisphere." :He<lid~however, :
Liuwla-lli1h
2.9
wam th~ Soviet Union of oversteppi.11g .·tbeif bounds, :and, promised at a pre$s conference: -..~f.at any__ the Communistbu~qup ~nCuba were to ·enQqer .or interfere with our~wity in any way, including our..base in Guantanam~•. ~ur passageto the.PanamaGanal,ourmissile~d activitiesat CapeCanaveral, of the lives of Ametjcan..citizens in -thi.$-·cQ\UlU'y,oi;- if Cuba s~ld ev~r-auempt to i~ aggr~iv~ ~ -by force of tb:e .~eat -of force ag~ -~Y ~tiol) in this.hemisphere,or becomeano((ensivem·il1tarybaseof ,ignificant caP8City the ·Soviet Union, then this country will do.whatevermust be done to protect its own secwity and ihat of its allies."
On October 14 a ballistic missile was reportedon a launching site in Cuba.
With threat to our security and the security of surroundingcountries, the U.S. placed a fllVal·''quarantipe",or blockade, around Cuba. Kennedy waµied that ·the U.S.woaldsiezeall "offensiveweapo11$and-associatedmaterial"if anySovietships attempted- -,deliver aay such :~terial to Cuba.,- None ev« tried. . After. a tense w~ of _ Msag~ exc~ betw~ Khrushchevand Kennedy, in which time the U.S. prepared.f~ war,Khru$bcbev announceclon 28 wortoo die miuile .8s wouldbe halted-and all missiles alreadydeliveredto Cuba.wouldbe retlU'lledto•So·vie.tUnio.n,_-an no m~ would bedeliv~ .-....--· ·,.
Theresolution-~ d,o Cuba.nmissile crisis.~ many things for .theV,.S.a.n4the world. For .a• it ..~a long period of-bad.reiauonsbetweenthe U.S.~ the SovietUn.ion.ll's • if the two power came to ·the-undtu"standing,tt:ypustay .on·your side; l11stay.on min.c.and we'llaetaloncfme. ~•-Itnotonly resolved~is antqonislic relationship between two powe,s, ~t it also set a precedon.ton die power each~~QJHFy~ -extend. - It provi~ a ~e of tbepo~ers.- ~~nev · realiztd.be-had·ov~ -lm.-~ -apdresolvedbi• mistakewith ~ -(~•of theUnitedS•s.. cubanmissile<;risis$Ctup a~ognitioa ·-or reputatioo_for tJi,e U.S. :pow« ·.hlJRgry~ople lib Fidel Cu~ ~w. that thc.,-U.S.:_woukb.l'i· tole.rateaucb.action. . · . . . . .
. BeinJ ~ -of._the -major super powers the l).S. a responsibili~ tQ.the.world u a modeland .Mader.:In the UnitedNations~e U~S.sets the paceand leadstheway for odx,,rnon.-coaununitticCOUfttries. :.Likewise,.in tile WarsawPac tile·Stlviet Union does.die same ,for die 00.mmUIH.$tblockedcoun-.,ies.We aftJ like a ~•nt showin.g _.cbi.14,o.nau.id.elinesfor lheir lives~.Our constitutiQn1--a gu~lioe for · n-o.u.:,,k_,..,.,.. ~-moo· ·. 'l"fil.t'ya in .e.n.-nninan.f ~l.~-i... " · Oft·s·h •u·•;on , ' Not n- 1 y ebn.'lkf our ' · form ·. 4Alv"\'!UUl ' 'I\I.IJ •·
;·~~J.~l~ •.-.n•e~ t.l~u ~ " !U
of pvemm•t qr ec91WBlic _ stJllCtufc ~ --Ctd.delines,-1-t so~ Que~~ns. :-.-~Y fac.ina.off with the SQvjet,Uaion wes!lowed~w a c~ io a .pow.erf~lption shoukt-~tt;,ctits~Qri'Y 1114tl)esec~ .of 1lOiahboriB1c~es -~ ~ies. -WJ shouldbe knowledgeableof and readyto fCM\Ct to such-tbreatll"We:worethe:p~nt ·protecdngr>.urcJwd,onfrom the bully-""'.so to. speai[. . . _ .. , . . I bclieve,th.e.·~test _ lessonwe canlearnfromthisactionin tbe powerof theU.s~~ We ne«l to realizeour .influenceasa superwwer·aM a _ modelfor other cou.ntries~ We •~'t -a~ <>Urpower by takeovers., mjnd you, but we Gan : use our pow~, . by peacefuJ.m~s, ·to ·mfluence _ the actiolll .-of .other countries • . F.Of:·exam, . plo country.tradesprofusely.wi•th many countrjes... If a social ~njustic~ .occurs=in oneof _
,
. thosecountries•becauseof governmentoppressionwe can cut off.tradeto showout di&pst and disagreement.withtheir actions. That's:Justone exampleof the ft\8ny actionsdieU.S. h-the power todo.. .
If the u·~s.remty·betievesthatwe should work towirds a ·more peacefulend for society·thn;>ughoutthe would then start to ·do something•aboutit ···· · ·· The u~s.lhould to:be·an'exatnple'in--tbe world -and exercise it's powerto overcometbe conflictswith th~peaceeffort. -
uues inOUf-history~Thousandsof peoplewotkeddayaadniahtifiorderotfecd-a city with whom they had previously been at war. They·faced insurmountableodds~-but MMA'-
intoBer~ eadi day·f.- · over a year.·
After World War D, PiesidentReeleVelt.Prime-MmitterOtmchill~ ittd Marthal Stalin mot·1D disclill PQltwar plens for ·the reoonatruction·and. occupalioftof Germany. threea,reedto divide thecountryinto American,Briusn· , Freaeh Md ltustian ocaipadonal' ·zones,includiq eon1rOl-df Berlin wllich woukl ·ilso ·be lhaNd. 1tooaeve1t·lffll·Churchill111U1Md that the hithway, flilroad line,and three ait corridorsthat ~ti accessto Berlin~eokl -~ Dptopen·sincedte-ltUllians had-,iecd to aa Allied in·Berta. · .- · ·. ly this derail wu not
.>fault JNIU8() mtenttORUl lK7•p to fi'UIU ' • emiafty. . . e mt.en~ ·fo .ioreeum Allies OU! of .Berlffl..and starVe:1beGem.anresideats into iubmissioft•·to C&fftm,un&in.OnJuno:24,1948llussiaceaaedall-rcad,ntl,otwaterwaytrilffictotbeAltied sectof.lof ·Berlin. The UnitedStatesreactedswiffly.·A mere two dayl kderthe United S·tates flew 80 ton.s of supplies-into the Te'9pelhof Air Force base in -Bertin. · ~, tbi&-walmerdy a ·ttropiftthe-buckettoa ·eity that·.reqtiired4~500toits of suppU.Sdaily.·.·.Geneml curdsUMay t 00ffl1Rander of · ·:unitedStates:Air F6rce/EuropeorcletedeveryflyableC-47· p1anete -WestO~y. ·Thiseffortga•e reassararicete the worried Berliners ·bat ·tnelftt absoluteoonfltlionto ·those·ea&i-
.a.d· Ii~ Ripp YE~ -~ W'JU'I W8 8X.cepti0n O .ll • · :mnp vr.i-.uaa um( IHIU ' t, : ·vvivu · 6SO~OOOtOnsbetwedftIndia-andChinaStilt, J>residentTrmna,lhad said;·nwe stay in Betlin, J)lriodt'· ' So LeMay reqeetted·· c ·-S4swith fear enpies and die ability·to carry 10·tonseach~and mePr~ident approved~ : - ·· · -:·: . . •. · ·· By solving oue·problem.• anotherwu ·eteated; ·die Supply·syitein could notffteet · the'clemllct,for avteuonfuel~-Weit Oemianstorlp ·tanks :to·run-.ctry.:Bales were soov~rowdedthat tw~ orthree pilots COIQlhOBlymated ooebed, sleeping in shifts.The airtfields were-~ of ev«ythiftl,in~uding•~hanics. There\Yett .countlessprQblems·mvolving mmlltenanoe,·loadin1;·-schedming, nav.iption, and communicatioos.TheAmericansturned to MajorOeneralWilliamTunneiwhohad
commanded-thewartirrie 1'HUfflp"operation.Tonnertook.overiri late July and set towork immediately.· .. ·
Results of Tanner's expertise were·quickly evident~·When.tile airliftersbegan, refueling a c~s4took 33 minutes: after T~er it was.done in eight. ·Onetwelve · personcrewloaded tentonsof coal into a C-54 in less than sixminutes.;·Unloading teams found ways to do their previous·seventeen-minutejobs in·ftve minutes. Tunlter 1 s goal was the maximumpossibletonnage·each day. He had each _ specializein onecqo, in orderto boost output.·He turned the airconidors to Berlin into onewaylanes. In-boundplanes used the northernand southerncorridors,outbound planesused the centralone. ·ONeof his most important innovationsWM to _ abolishthe practiceof planes waitingwhen aircraft ahead of than were delayed m· landingin Berlin. Insteadof waiting,a plane that missedits scheduledlandingflew out the central corridor and began its trip again. Tbere were accidents.·Sixty-five lives had been lost after the am.-liftwasover--butthese tragediesservedto dray the pilots ·and the Berliners closer topther. City residen~ knew the'.pilots were endangeringtheir lives tosave the city, and Berliners resolvd that the sacrifices shouldnot be in vain. They stalwartlyresisted the Soviet pressure. When Soviets announcedthatWestBerlinerswhorelisteredforrationcards in the eastzonewould . be eligiblefor extra food, less than five percentappliedout of a hungrycity of 2.5 . million.
By April, 1949,Berlinwasrecievingmoresuppliesby air than it had by rail before the blocQde. On May 10,9,260 toos of suppliesset anew.high. Two days later tbe blockade was lifted and surfaceroutes reopened. A reduced.airbome effort continueduntil late Septemberto build a stockpileof supplies. By the time it ended, the airlift had brought into Berlin 2.3 million tons of supplies on 272,264flights. Out of this blockadegrew the-NorthAtlanticTreaty Or1anization(NATO). The airlift served·notonly tosolidify GermanOl)positionto Communism,but to show Western nations the need for united resistance. It demonstratedthat W estem determination and ~erence can succed in blocking Soviet expansionwithout risking war. As one memberof the airlift team put it, "We kind of astounded ourselves."
·unknownEssay Unknown
While ponderingput and ~nt efforts towards successfulpeacemakingin a crisissituationone mustdirect their attentiontowardsan important question:how ·may tensionbetweenthe East and W~ in the Third World be lessened?·
The question must be raised because although the threat and the reduction of nuclear weapons has the greatest of importanceon the superpowersagenda, the· t1ic ·"-· ··· ·1- --...1 -A · · bloodl · • the.'1"1..!-d :ad con ts ul&K anse, ..:·.·. . · ··n;; •su VJ.ten ,. •··y, m ·.· .11w_; ·. · · or1·.are more likelyto engageus in a dangerouscrisisthanthepo~cysandinterestsin Europe.The risk of confrontationsin the ThirdW or1dto escalate,evenunintentionally,is great · because of the unstable politics in the Third World. The temptationto resort to Nuclearcap&bilitiesbecause of conventionalimbalancesis great. To solve this
·.Advgate·
problem we must examinereasons why tension is producedin the Third World. Onepossibility is the acceleratedpaceof technologicalchange. It is disorientatingto the waypeoplelive, it widensthegapbetweengenerations,andchallengesvalues and.traditional-authority.Th.ismayleadindustrialand developingsocietiesto return to religiousand .fundalllentalist.ideals. In developing societies, the.process·of . . . . fli .th ..,_,1,:. • ••,:t ft 1., d . li In, m ... ·.··..··..ncomesmtocon.·•ctwi ··•ua\lltionwva.iues,aneruptsmtore._..,.ous rebeUions. This idea is shown in the overthrow·of the Shah of. Iran·and his 1 b. th. Kb: · • .,· 1-1 • : -rep acement .y. ·e. omeirus -.amicre111eme. ·Heateddebateofthe eventsin CentralAmericaseemto becomingfroma different standpoint..Coinpetitionis beingaffectedby the sbi{tS,in the formof power,because ofchangesin milita,ryand communicationtechllOlogy~EventsintheTbird World tookon·a_:lifeof their own,only mildly affected by tbe.demons~ations·of the will by the superpowers.
