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‫ﺪﻟﻴﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺚ ‪ :‬ﻛﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﻮ ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺨﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺒﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﺮﻳﻖ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪/) ‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‪/‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪/‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪­itemlist/user/31/‬ﻓﺮﻳﻖ­ﻋﻤﻞ­ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪(html.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺛﻨﻴﻦ‪ 23 ,‬ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‪/2‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‪17:18 2015 ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪/‬ﺧﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪(Research Proposal) ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺧﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ (Research Proposal) ‬ﻫﻲ‪ ‬ﺧﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﻻﻗﻨﺎﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻏﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‪ ‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺳﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺟﻬﺔ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻏﺐ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺗﻤﻮﻳﻞ‪ ‬ﻟﺒﺤﺜﻪ‪ .‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‪ ‬ﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪Research) ‬‬ ‫‪ (Question‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺻﺎﻟﺔ‪/‬ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻛﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﻀﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‪Original) ‬‬ ‫‪ (contribution to knowledge‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻞ‪ .‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‪ ‬ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﻀﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﺒﺤﺜﻪ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺪﻋﻤﻮﺍ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﻏﻴﺮﻩ؟‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻟﻜﻲ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻀﺢ‪ ‬ﻟﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺟﻮﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺻﺎﻟﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻜﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻱ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﻮﺩ‪ ‬ﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‪ ‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫**ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻏﺒﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺑﺈﻛﻤﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‪) ‬ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‪ ،( ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ‬ﻃﻼﺏ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺎﻟﻮﺭﻳﺲ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺮﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺷﺘﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﻌﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺗﻤﻮﻳﻞ‪ ‬ﻟﺒﺤﻮﺛﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺍﺳﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ‪ ، ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ ، ‬ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ، ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪**.‬‬ ‫**ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻳﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺧﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ (Research Proposal).‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‪ ‬ﺗﺒﻌﺎ‪ ‬ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‪ ‬ﺁﻻﻑ‪ ‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‪) ‬ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﺺ(‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﻔﻀﻞ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻛﺴﻔﻮﺭﺩ‪ ‬ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻁ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﻂ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻓﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻛﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻂ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﻷﻗﻞ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻫﻲ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺟﺬﺍﺑﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﺼﻒ‪ ‬ﺑﺪﻗﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻯ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﻋﺸﺮ‪ ‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺤﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ، ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ؟‪ ‬ﻣﺆﻫﻼﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺧﺒﺮﺍﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﺤﺎﺛﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺑﺘﺒﻊ‪ ‬ﻟﻬﺎ‪) ‬ﺟﻬﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺙ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺙ‪ ‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻭﺟﺪ‪).‬‬ ‫•ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ‪) ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ(‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‪ ‬ﺇﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎً ‪ ‬ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺍً ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻞ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪ ‬ﺳﻄﺮﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺧﻠﻔﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﻭﺻﻒ‪ ‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﻨﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ‪) ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻏﻴﺮﻩ(‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻫﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻮﺓ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﻋﺮﺽ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻛّ ﺰ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻭﺻﻒ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺪﻝ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺳﻌﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻃﻼﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺗﻠﺨﻴﺺ‪ ‬ﻟﻌﺪﺩ‪ ‬ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﺿﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﻔﺮﺿﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺮﺗﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺛﻼﺙ‪ (Paragraph) ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺷﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻔﺠﻮﺓ)‪ ، (Knowledge Gap‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻛﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻟﺴﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺓ؟‬ ‫•ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ :‬ﺇﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﺘﺒﻨﺎﻫﺎ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪ ‬ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪: ‬‬ ‫‪ ­1‬ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫‪ ­2‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫‪ ­3‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫‪ ­4‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻫﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪) ‬ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻲ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺞ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﻂ)‬ ‫‪ ­5‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪ ­6‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﺟﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ ­7‬ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻼ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻ‪ :‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺛﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ ‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ 5 ‬ﺍﻟﻰ‪ 8 ‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻲ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎ‪ ‬ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ : ‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻫﻞ‪ ‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‪ ‬ﻻ؟‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺪﺙ‪.. ‬؟‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻈﻮﺍﻫﺮ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﺣﺪﺙ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬؟‪ ‬ﻭﻛﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﻭﻣﺘﻰ‪ ‬ﺣﺪﺙ‪ ‬؟‪ ‬ﻭﺗﺴﻌﻰ‪ ‬ﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻈﻮﺍﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺧﺒﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﻳﺠﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﺪﻗﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺍً ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﺨﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻓﻀﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﺑﻂ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺳﺒﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺛﺮﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‪ ‬ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪) ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﻬﺘﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺴﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﻛﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ‪ ‬ﺑﺤﺜﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻫﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺳﺘﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ : ‬ﻫﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‪ ‬ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻲ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﺘﺨﺬﻱ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﺗﺨﺎﺫ‪ ‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺧﻄﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺦ‪ .‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻂ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺣﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻛﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺍ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻧﺎﻓﻌﺎ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ‪) ‬ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ( ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻭﺿﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﻟﻬﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ ‬ﻛﻨﺖ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻗﺪﻣﺘﻪ‪ ‬ﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﻴﺘﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﻧﻈﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺧﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺨﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻯ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‪ ‬ﻓﺂﻣﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺟﻌﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ­1‬ﺧﻄﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻟﻺﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﻬﺎ‬

‫‪ 6‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺑﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻤﻴﺰ!‬ ‫ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ (Research Question) ‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﻃﻮﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‪ ‬ﺗﺸﺘﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺧﺮﻭﺝ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍ‪ ‬ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ (Research Question) ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ (Research Questions) ‬ﺑﺄﻛﺒﺮ‪ ‬ﻗﺪﺩ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‪) ‬ﻗﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﺎﻉ(‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺋﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‪ ‬ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺵ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺘﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻥ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻨﺎ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻣﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ ‬ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﺩﻋﻮﻧﺎ‪ ‬ﻧﺘﻄﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺻﻔﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ؟‪ ‬ﻣﺎﻟﻐﺮﺽ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ؟‬ ‫ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺑﻼ‪ ‬ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ‬ﺇﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﺸﺨﺺ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﻄﺮﺡ‪ ‬ﺗﺴﺎﺅﻝ‪ ‬ﺑﺴﻴﻂ…ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ؟‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ؟‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‪ ‬ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﻻ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻌﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺷﺊ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ!‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﺪﺩ‪ (Focused, Specific) ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻧﻄﺎﻗﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ)‪ (Broad‬؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺮﺽ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺩﻋﻮﻧﺎ‪ ‬ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍً ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﻣﺎً ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺫﻭ‪ ‬ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﺯﺍﺩ‪ ‬ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪ ‬ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ‪) ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺐ(‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻳﻮﺩ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‪ ‬ﻟﻪ‪ .‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ‪) ‬ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺦ…(‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ‬ﺫﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‪ ‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ)‪ (Answerable‬؟‬ ‫ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﻟﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‪ ‬ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻇﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪) ‬ﻣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺖ(‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻇﻞ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﻳﻨﻮﻱ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﺑﺪ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺮﺹ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘﻌﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺘﻤﻜﻨﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ .‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻏﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻏﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻲ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻌﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﻗﺒﻞ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﻻ‪ ‬ﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﻌﺪ‪ ‬ﺑﺤﺜﺎ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﻟﻮ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﻠﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﻦ‪ ‬ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﺣﻠﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﻔﺮﺩﻩ‪ ‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‪ ‬ﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﺪﻫﺎ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﻠﺰﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻜﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ‪ ‬ﻟﺤﻞ‪ ‬ﺑﺘﻈﺎﻓﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﻔﺮﺩﻩ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﺣﻠﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺜﻞ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﺣﻠﻮﻝ‪ ‬ﻟﻤﺜﻞ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﺪﺩ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪) ‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ‬ﺃﻋﻼﻩ!(‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﻘﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻚ‪ ‬ﻛﻔﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ‬ﺇﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﺳﺘﺤﺪﺍﺙ‪ ‬ﺷﺊ‪ ‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪ)‪ (Original‬؟‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﺗﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ!‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻳﻬﻤﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺇﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺛﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‪ (Original contribution to‬‬ ‫‪knowledge) ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ‪ ‬ﺇﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎً ‪ ‬ﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻼ‪) ‬ﻛﺎﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ‪).‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺟﻮﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺛﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻟﻜﻞ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‪ ‬ﺑﺴﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﺎﺭﻥ‪ ‬ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻏﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺑﺠﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺇﻫﻤﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻵﺧﺮ!‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻔﻜﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﺧﻄﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﺎ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎً ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ‬ﻏﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍً ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺭﺑﻄﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﻢ‪ ‬ﺑﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺑﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ!‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻟﻺﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ؟‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺇﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻭﻛﻠﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‪ ‬ﺟﺰﺀ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﻯ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﺤﺮﺹ‪ ‬ﻛﻞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺹ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﺗﻔﻴﺪﻩ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ‬ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﺗﺜﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﺇﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﻏﺐ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻷﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻋﺞ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻳﺪﺭﺱ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ‪ ‬ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﻋﺪﺓ‪ ‬ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‪ ٤­٣) ‬ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻼ(‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻫﻲ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺇﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻻ‪ ‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ‪ .‬ﻷﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﺸﻌﺮ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺠﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ‪ ‬ﺳﻴﻨﺴﺎﻫﺎ‪ ‬ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪ ‬ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﺇﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﻔﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻛﻮﺍﻡ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺗﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ‪ ‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ‪ ‬ﻃﻴﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﻨﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‪(/http://educad.me/1626/research­proposal) ‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪(Principles of Good Research & Research Proposal Guide (http://www.richmond.gov.uk/research_proposal_guide.pdf‬‬ ‫‪(How to Write a Research Proposal, Birmingham City University (http://library.bcu.ac.uk/learner/writingguides/1.07.htm‬‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ‬ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ 27 ,‬ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‪/2‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‪18:16 2015 ‬‬ ‫‪ 71‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‪/) ‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‪/‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪/‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪(html#itemCommentsAnchor.‬‬ ‫‪Like Be the first of your friends to like‬‬ ‫‪this.‬‬

‫ﻓﺮﻴﻖ ﻋﻤﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ )‪/‬ﺪﻟﻴﻝ‪-‬ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‪/‬ﺪﻟﻴﻝ‪-‬ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺚ‪/‬ﻛﺘﺎﺒﺔ‪-‬ﻮﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‪-‬ﺨﻄﺔ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪-itemlist/user/31/‬ﻓﺮﻴﻖ‪-‬ﻋﻤﻝ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪(html.‬‬

‫ﻏﺭﱢ ﺩ‬

‫ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺖ‬71 (Maybell (http://thuylinh.net/2015/09/thien­duong­cyclades/?replytocom=16600 ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 02:21 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

?Are you absolutely positive that wherever you plan to go will have shelter and food supplies available (html#comment222251.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(Irish (http://wiki.rsu10.org/index.php/TopTenWholesale_Leads_The_Method_In_Search_Engine_Advertising ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 02:02 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

!This is definitely your specialty (html#comment222177.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(Cathryn (http://superfood.sa/index.php/en/family/item/33­vw­love ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 01:40 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

In Internet Advertising, you may also work with much less employs .you'll be able to take more work with much less manpower (html#comment222105.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(Carmon (http://ridepbr.com/index.php/component/k2/item/422­why­does­joomla­1­5­use­utf­8­encoding ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 01:39 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

Especially, the prices of just about each vitality sources available right .this moment are making the funds of a standard man unstable (html#comment222103.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(Maxine (http://skua­publishing.de/index.php/en/?Itemid=163&819405 ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 01:37 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

That's why prepping a secret, "enjoyable bag" is a great way to buy yourself .the time to keep everybody safe (html#comment222089.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

Juliet (http://www.caspianprint.com/fa/D985D8ADD8B5D988D984D8A7D8AA/item/3­D8B3D8A7D8B9D8AA­ ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ (D8B4D985D8A7D8B1D987­1 01:31 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

Put away six to twelve months' worth of living expenses into your emergency savings account .so that if you have a huge medical expense or the car breaks down, you'll be covered (html#comment222070.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(/Anitra (http://polokwaneonline.net/item/mcdonalds ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 01:08 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

.It is a fun strategy to make tenting a bit of extra exciting for the youngsters (html#comment221990.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(/Raymond (http://www.fstreetchurch.org/sermons/thankful­for­partners­in­the­gospel­philippians­11­11 ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 00:29 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 18 ,‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ‬

The tent you purchase ought to fit your needs and the

dimensions of your tenting social gathering. If in case you have young youngsters, you in all .probability want to purchase a large tent to allow them to sleep in the identical tent with you (html#comment221895.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(Sylvia (http://www.ruriruri.net/2005/houhu/g_book.cgi/g_book.cgi ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 23:00 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 17 ,‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺎﺀ‬

.In this article, I discuss five cleaning fluids to removed dried acrylic paint from surfaces (html#comment221529.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

(Joy (http://www.beauty.hk/blog/archives/249227 ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻖ‬ 22:48 2016 ‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ‬/‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ 17 ,‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺎﺀ‬

A flare gun helps to let others know exactly where to find you, or even a

brightly­colored sheet of cloth tied to your door or antenna can tell anyone

.driving by to your presence (html#comment221480.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‬

html?tmpl=component&print=1&start=10) 3.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) 2 1 ‫ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ­‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) html?tmpl=component&print=1&start=20) 4.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ­‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) html?tmpl=component&print=1&start=30) 5.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ html?.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) html?tmpl=component&print=1&start=40) 6.‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ html?.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) tmpl=component&print=1&start=50) 7 html?.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) tmpl=component&print=1&start=60) 8 (tmpl=component&print=1&start=70

(html?tmpl=component&print=1&start=10.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬

(html?tmpl=component&print=1&start=70.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ­ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ­ﺧﻄﺔ­ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ­ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ­ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬/) ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬