LEISA India - Tamil - June 2021

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yP r h ,e; j pah jkpo; rpwg;gpjo; This issue in Tamil is a translated version of LEISA India magazine. This includes selected articles from LEISA India, originally published in English.

Address : ame Foundation No. 204, 100 Feet Ring Road, 3rd Phase, Banashankari 2nd Block, 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560 085, India Tel:

+91-080- 2669 9512, +91-080- 2669 9522

Fax:

+91-080- 2669 9410

E-mail: leisaindia@yahoo.co.in

Leisa India Chief Editor : K.V.S. Prasad Managing Editor : T.M. Radha

yPrh vd;gJ Fiwe;j ntspapL nghUs; kw;Wk; epiyj;j Ntshz;ik vd;gjd; RUf;fkhFk;. Rw;Wr;RoYf;F cfe;j topfspy; cw;gj;jpiaAk;> tUkhdj;ijAk; ngUf;f tpUk;Gk; coth;fSf;F njhopw;El;g kw;Wk; r%f hPjpapyhd tha;g;Gfis cs;slf;fpajhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ cs;@h; ts Mjhuq;fs; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifapd; Nghf;Ffis msTld; gad;gLj;jp Njitg;gLk; NghJ ghJfhg;ghd msT ntspaPL nghUl;fis jpwd;gl ifahs;tjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ Mz; kw;Wk; ngz; coth;fis> me;j r%fj;ij Ragyk; kpf;fth;fshfTk;> rf;jp kpf;fth;fshfTk; khw;wp mjd;%yk; mth;fspd; vjph;fhyj;ij jq;fs; nrhe;j mwpT> jpwik>kjpg;gL P > fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; mikg;Gfis mikf;f cjTtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ khwptUk; #oy;fs; kw;Wk; NjitfSf;F Vw;g coth;fs; kw;Wk; ,ju gq;Fjhuh;fspd; jpwikfs;> gq;Nfw;G mZFKiwfs; %yk; gyg;gLj;JtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ ghuk;ghpa mwpitAk;> mwptpay; g+h;tkhd mwpitAk; ,izj;J mjd;%yk; nfhs;if cUthf;fj;jpy; jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp vjph;fhy tsh;r;rpf;F rhjfkhd #oiy cUthf;FtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ xU fUj;J> xU mZFKiw kw;Wk; tpNtfkhd nra;jp.

Translated by Suresh Kanna. K Translation coordination Veena Markande Administration Rukmini G. G. Design and Layout M.S. Vasanth Christopher Printing Blustream Printing India (P) Ltd., Bangalore Cover photo Sani Majhi-a happy woman farmer in Odisha.

Photo Credit: Abhijith Mohanty

Different editions

• Regional Editions Telugu, Hindi, Kannada, Marathi, Punjabi and Oriya • Farming Matters The Global edition in English • LEISA Revista de Agroecologia The Latin American edition in Spanish • LEISA India The Indian edition in English • AGRIDAPE The West African edition in French • Agriculturas, Experiencias em Agroecologia The Brazilian edition in Portuguese

The editors have taken every care to ensure that the contents of this magazine are as accurate as possible. The authors have ultimate responsibility, however, for the content of individual articles.

The editors encourage readers to photocopy and circulate magazine articles.

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Supported by MISEREOR, Published by AME Foundation yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

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Anithakumari P Principal Scientist (Agricultural Extension), ICAR Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI), Regional Station, Krishnapuram P.O., Kayamkulam – 690533

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

,LnghUl;fis gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. me;;j tifapyhd ,LnghUl; f is jahhpg; g jw; F mth;fspd; ghuk;ghpa mwpT kpFe;j cjtpahf cs;sJ. ,d; D k; mjpfstpyhd kf; f s; jq; f spd; tPLfSf;F nrhe;jkhd fhyp ,lq;fis ey;y xU gad;ghl;bw;F nfhz;L tUtjw;Fk;> mth;fspd; FLk;gj;jpw;F Njitahd Cl;lr;rj;Jf;fis ngWtjw;Fk; fhj;Jf;nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wdh;. fpl;;lj;jl;l 380 tptrhapfs; jq;fspd; fpuhk gQ; r haj; J f; f spy; tP l ; L j; Njhl; l q; ; f is cUthf; f khepy murpd; jpl; l q; f fis ngWtjw;fhf tpz;zg;gpj;Js;sdh;. ,jpy; xU gadhspf;F njhFg;ghf tpij cl;gl &. 2750 nfhLf;fg;gl toptif cs;sJ.  GREEN Foundation #25, ACES Layout,1st Main Road, Ashwath Nagar, RMV 2nd stage, Bangalore-560094 E-mail: contact@greenfoundation.in %yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2020> thy;A+k; 22> ,jo; 3

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jhpR epyj;jpypUe;J czT epyq;fshf fle;j ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fspy; tptrhapfNshL gzp nra;Ak; xU epWtdkhf jzy; epWtdk; czT ];Nfg; vd;Dk; xU jpl;lj;ij Vg;uypy; Jtf; f paJ. ,e; j j; jpl; l khdJ fpuhkg; G w gFjpfspy; cs; s jhpR epyq; f is czT epyq;fshf khw;Wtij Nehf;fkhf nfhz;bUe;jJ. ,e;j Nahridg;gb kf;;fsplk; ,Ue; J epjpia jpul; b > tptrhapfs; gaph; mWtil nra; j gpd; me; j epjpia czT nghUl;fshf jpUg;gpf; nfhLg;gjhFk;. tptrhapfs; kw;Wk; fpuhkg;;Gw ,isQh;fSf;F tpij> ,aw;if ,LnghUl;fs;> gapw;rpfs; kw;Wk; G+r;rpkw;Wk; Neha;fis Ntshz; caph;r;#oy; njhopw; E l; g q; f is kw; W k; eilKiwfis gad;gLj;jp Nkyhz;ik nra;tjpy; MjuTfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;ld. fle;j ,uz;L khjq;;fshf fpl; l j; j l; l 800 tptrhapfSf; F ehq; f s; ,e;j tifahd ,LnghUl;fs; kw;Wk; ,aw; i ftopapy; kz; > G+r; r p kw; W k; Neha; Nkyhz;ikapy; gapw;rpfs; mspj;Njhk;. ,jpy; goq; F bapd r%fj; j pdh; cs; s ,uz; L khtl;lq;fshd ghyf;fhbd; ml;lg;;ghb kw;Wk; gj;jdk;jpl;l ; htpd; ehuznkhop cs;slf;fp>fle;j 20-30 Mz; L fspy; gy; N tW fhuzq; f shy; vq; n fy; y hk; czT cw; g j; j pahdJ kpfTk; mjpfkhf Fiwe;Js;sNjh me;;jg; gFjpfs;; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;ld. fle;j 2019 Mk; Mz;by; ,Ue;J ml;lg;g ; hbapy; cs;s 19 fpuhkq;fspy; ’Ntshz; caph;r;#oy; topahf Cl;lr;rj;jpy; jd;dpiwT” vd;gjpy; gl;baypd goq;Fbapdh; tsh;r;rp JiwNahL ,ize; J gzpahw; w p tUfpNwhk; . ,e; j Kjd;ik jpl;lkhdJ gQ;rfpU\p vdg;gLk; ghuk;ghpa Ntshz;ikia GJg;gpg;gJk;> NkYk; rpWjhdpaq; f is mbg; g ilahf nfhz; l czTKiwia GJg; g pg; g ijAk; Nehf; f khf nfhz;lJ. ehq;fs; ,jid Jtf;Fk;NghJ Kjpath; f s; > Mz; kw; W k; ngz; f Sf; F kpfTk; cw;rhfj;ij mspj;jJ. rhpahd xU tho;thjhuk; ,y;yhky; ,Ue;J mNef gbj;j fy;tpawpT ngw;w ,isQh;fs; ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpy; <LgLj;jg;gl;ldh;. mth;;fspy; rpyh; xd;whf ,ize;J gQ;rfpU\piaAk;> Gjpa Ntshz; caph;r;#oy; fUj;jhf;;fj;ij gw;wpa $Ljyhf Ghpe;Jnfhs;tjw;F Muk;gpj;jdh;. mth;fs; xU Kjd;ik jpl;;lkhf ghuk;ghpa tpijfs; kw;Wk; eilKiwfisAk; mq;Fs;s r%fj;jpdhpd; Kjpath;fs; topahf ghJfhf;Fk; Kaw;rpia Jtq; f pdh; . mjw; ; F mth; f s; tpij $il 12

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

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r%f rikayiw cs;@h; czT cw;gj;jpapd; kjpg;ig czh; e ; j pUe; j jpdhy; > Nfushtpy; cs; s midj;J gQ;rhaj;JfspYk; Culq;fpd; NghJ r%f rikayiw Jtq; f g; g l; l J. ehq; f s; jpUtde;jGuj;jpw;F mUfpy; cs;s fhuFsk; gQ;rhaj;jpy; Muk;gpj;Njhk;. ,J khefuj;jpw;F mUfpy; ,Ue;jNghjpYk; epiwa rpW kw;Wk; FW tptrhapfis nfhz;bUe;jJ. vq;fNshL ,ize;J nray;gl ,e;j gQ;rhaj;J kpFe;;j Mh;tNkhL ,Ue;jJ. Rkhh; 130 tptrhapfs;>ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhh; ngz; f s; ,e; j j; jpl; l j; j py; xU Ntshz; njhFg; g hf gy; N tW tifahd fha; f wp tpijfs; kw; W k; ,aw; i f ,LnghUl; f is nfhLj; J kz; i z tsg; g Lj; J tjw; f hd Ntiyfs; Jtf;fg;gl;ld. ,aw;if Ntshz; Kiwapy; fha;fwp cw;gj;jpf;fhf rpy Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l tptrhapfSf;F ,uz;L gapw;rpfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;ld. fle;j khjj;jpy; nfhNuhdhtpd; guty; fhuzkhf efh;tpw;F muR mwptpj; j fl; L g; ; g hLfspdhy; gjpT nra;J vq;fsplk; ,Ue;J tpijfis ngw;Wr; nrd;w coth;fis Neubahf njhlh;Gnfhs;tJ fbdkhf ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy; mth;fs; rhFgbia Muk;gpj;Jtpl;ldh;. ,e;j gQ;rhaj;jpy; xU efUk; ,aw;if Ntshz; Nritia elj;Jtjw;F ehq;fs; jpl;lkpl cs;Nshk;.

vdJ czT Njhl;l rthy;fs; ,e;j ngUe;njhw;whdJ> vq;fs; FOtpw;Fs;Sk;> vq; f NshL kpf neUf; f khf ,ize; J nray; g l; l tptrhapfs; kj; j papYk; epiwa Fog;gj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ. Vndd;why;> mth;fs; ntspNa nry;yNth> rpy Ntiyfis Kbf;fNth> tptrhapfis re;jpf;fNth> Mtzg;gLj;jNth> mth;fis ,aw;if Ntshz;ikapy; <LgLj;jp mth;fspd; epGzj;Jtj;ij ehq;fs; Muk;gpj;jpUe;J ‘vdJ czT Njhl;l Ntshz;ik vd;w jpl;lj;jpy; mth;fs; midtiuAk; jPtpukhf gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s ,aytpy;iy. ehq;fs; xU thl;];mg;; FOit mikj;J mjpy; G+r;rpfis ifahStJ> kz; Nkyhz;ik> ,ilntsp gpur;ridfs; Nghd;wit njhlh;ghd epow;glq;fis gfph;eJ ; nfhz;Nlhk;.; xt;nthUtUk; xU ntw;wpf;fijfis kw;;Wk; ek; g pf; i ffis gfph; e ; J nfhs; t jhy; ,J kpfTk; Rthu];akhfTk;> mh;j;jKs;sjhfTk; mike;jJ. ,q;Nf> rpy cjhuzq;fs;: ,aw;ifNtshz; fha;fwpj; Njhl;lj;jpw;fhd vdJ Mh; t k; ; 12 tUlq; ; f Sf; F Kd; d hy; yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

13

jzy; mikg;gpy; ehd; NrUk;NghJ Jtq;fpaJ. fle; j tUlk; xU Gjpa ,lj; j pw; F ehd; khwptpl; l hYk; > mq; F k; khbj; Njhl; l j; i j mikj;J fha;fwpfis tsh;j;J tUfpNwd;. jzypy; ,Ue;Jehd; ngw;w rpy fha;fwpfs; tsh;gG ; igfs; kw;Wk; tpijfis vdJ mz;il tPl;lhh;fSf;F gfph;e;J nfhz;L mth;fis fha; f wp tsh; f ; f Cf; f g; g Lj; j p tUfpNwd; . ntz;ilf;fha;> kpsfha;> fj;jphpf;fha; kw;Wk; Riuf; f ha; Nghd; w tw; i w ehd; tsh; j ; J tUfpNwd; . jw; N ghJ ehq; f s; tpijfs; > fd;Wfs; kw;Wk; mWtil vdmidj;ijAk; vq;fSf;;F gfph;e;J nfhz;L xU neUf;fkhd r%fkhfptpl;Nlhk;. Ntshz;ikapy; fpilj;j Ke; i ja mDgtk; kw; W k; jzypd; jpl; l mYtyh; mUz; mth; f spd; MNyhrid Nghd;wtw;why; mth;fSf;F vd;dhy; ,aw;if top G+r;rpf; fl;Lg;ghL> ,aw;if ,LnghUl;fs; Fwpj;J rpy Nahridfis nfhLf;f KbfpwJ. mLj;jfl;l Kaw;r ; pahf> vdJ tptrha Rw;wj;ij ,d;Dk; tphpTgLj;jp vq;fs; r%fj;jpw;F jzy; efUk; Ntshz; MNyhrid FOit nfhz;L gapw;rp tFg;Gfis elj;jjpl;lkpl;L tUfpNwd;. ,e;j ngUe;njhw;W epiy khWtjw;fhf fhj;Jf; nfhz; b Uf; f pNwd; > mg; N ghJjhd; NkYk; epiwa kf;fis vq;fs; Ntshz; r%fj;NjhL ,izj; J jw; r hh; G mila KbAk; ” vd $Wfpwhh; Nfhtsj; j pw; F mUfpy; cs; s nts;shh; fpuhkj;ij Nrh;e;j gpukpsh.

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

gha;r;RfpNwhk;. CLgaph; Kiw gpd;gw;;wg;gl;L thiog; gaph;fSf;F ,ilapy; fUiz kw;;Wk; Nridf;fpoq;Ffis mjDld; fj;jphpf;fha; kw; W k; nts; s hpf; f hNahL gaphplg; g l; l J. G+r;rpfis fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;; fhuzj;jpw;fhf kQ;rs; kw;Wk; ,Q;rp FWf;;F ntl;lhf gaphplg;gl;lJ. %lhf;fpd; mtrpaj;ij czh;ej ; jd; fhuzkhf ehq;fs; rzy; rhf;ifAk;>fha;ej ; ,iyfisAk; gad;gLj;jpNdhk;. thio kw;Wk; ,e;j fha;fwpfis tsh;g;gjw;F mjpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLf;fg;gl;ljw;F fhuzk; ,it Mh;fhdpf; g[hhpy; gw; w hf; F iwahf ,Ue; j NjahFk; . ehq; f s; G+r; r l; b f; f hd kz; fyitiaAk; tpw;gid nra;a Muk;gpj;Js;Nshk; ,J xU gFjp nrytpdj; i j vLg; g jw; F cjtpaJ. ehq;fs; midtUk; xt;nthU ehSk; fhiyapy; Fiwe;jgl;rk; 3 kzpNeuk; Ntiyapy; <LgLtJ vd KbntLj;Njhk;. gy tUlq;fshf ehq;fs; midtUk; Ntshz;ikapy; Jbg;Gld; ,Ue; J te; J s; s NghjpYk; > mjpfhiyapy; ,aw; i fNahL Ntiy nra; t J me; j ehs; KOtJk; RWRWg; g hfTk; > cw; r hfj; J lDk; ,Ug;gjw;F cjtpaJ. vq;fspd; MNuhf;fpaKk;> Mw;wy; epiyAk; ngUkstpy; mjpfhpj;jJ. Nfushtpy; ,J kpfTk; xU tuNtw;iw ngWk; Nghf;f ; hf khwpAs;sJ> Vnddpy; vjph;gG ; rf;jpia tsh;jJ ; f;nfhs;tJ xU Kf;fpakhd MNuhf;fpa tprakhf kf;fspilNa tsh;e;Js;sJ. MNuhf;fpakhd tho;it elj;Jtjw;F Cl;lr;rj;Js;s czit cz;gJ> Fwpg;ghf goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs; kpf Kf;;fpakhdit.

Nfushtpy; ,ltpay; mikg;G> kz; Mfpad goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwp gaphpLtjw;F kpfTk; nghUj;jkhf cs;sJ. Ntshz; JiwahdJ khepyj;jpy; 1 yl;rk; n`f;nlh; jhpR epyq;fis czT cw;gj;jpf;fhf fz;lwpe;Js;sJ. ‘vdJ czT vdJ nghWg; G ” vd NgRk; gbj; j ,isQh; f is fhZtJ Rthu]; a khfTk; > ek;gpf;ifA+l;;LtjhfTk; cs;sJ. Usha S Thanal, OD- 3, Jawahar Nagar, Kowdiar P.O Thiruvananthapuram - 695003 Kerala.

E-mail: ushathanal@gmail.com



%yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2020> thy;A+k; 22> ,jo; 3

ek; Njhl;lk;> ek; tho;f;if Nf. RNu\; fz;zh cyfk; ; KOtJk; ’cq; f Sf; f hd czit ePq;fNs mWtil nra;Aq;fs;” vd;w fUj;J gpugykile;J tUfpwJ. Fwpg;ghf efuq;fspy; tpiuthd efukakhf;fy; mjpfhpj;jjhy; ekJ tP j pfs; kw; W k; eP h ; e piyfis khRgLj; J k; jplf;fopTfs;> tWik> vhpnghUs; kw;Wk; ePh; gw; w hff; F iwf; F fhuzkhdJ. Xt; n thU tPlb ; Yk; nfhy;iyg;Gwk; my;yJ khbj; Njhl;lk; mikg; g J ,e; j rthy; f is vjph; n fhs; s cjTk;. ,J> MNuhf;fpakhd efh;g;Gwj;ij cUthf;f kw;Wk; kf;f ; s; kj;jpapy; khw;wj;ijj; J}z; L tjw; F > gRikahd cl; f l; l ikg; ; G cj;jpfspd; xU gFjpahFk;. cuk; jahhpf;f Fbkf;fis Cf;Ftpf;f Ntz;Lk;> mtw;iw fha;fwp Njhl;lq;fspy; gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; epyg;gug;gpy; nry;Yk; fopTfs; Fiwf;fg;gLk;. mj;jifa Njhl;lq;fis epWTtJ gytopfspy; gadspf;Fk;. ghJfhg;ghd> rj;jhd czTfis mjpfhpf; f cjTk; . fopT Ntshz; i kf; F cjTfpwJ. ,J Rw; W r; # oy; Rj; j khfTk; Rfhjhu mghaq;fis Fiwf;fTk; ghjpf;fg;gl;lf; FOf;fSf;F $Ljy; tUkhdj;ij toq;FfpwJ. Fbkf;fis Neh;kiwahf <Lgl Cf;Ftpf;fpwJ. ntg;gepiy kw;Wk; fhh;gd; ckpo;itf;; Fiwf;fpwJ.

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800 rJu mb gug;gstpy; xU tPli ; lf; fl;bNdhk;.

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RNu\; jdJ gz;izapy; tpise;j tpisnghUl;fSld;

f[nyl;Rkp> vdJ kfs; ];Ujp> vdJ kfd; `hp]; kw;W ; k; ehDk; tbtikg;gpy; <Lgl;N ; lhk;. tPl;Lj;Njhl;lk; tbtikg;gjw;fhd vq;fsJ Nahrid kpfTk; vspikahdJ. ehq; f s; rhg;gpLtjw;F tpUg;gkhf ,Ue;j tw;wpypUe;J rpwpJ rpwpjhfj; njhlq;fpNdhk;. ehq;fs; xU vspa gFg;gha;T nra;Njhk;> rikayiwf;F Njitahd jhtuq; f is FWfpa fhy ,yf; f hfTk; > rikaiw my;yhj gpw Njitahd jhtuq;fis ePz;l fhy ,yf;fhfTk; tifg;gLj;jpNdhk;. vq;fs; Njhl;lj;jpw;F nryT nra;tjpy; kpfTk; vr;rhpf;ifahf ,Ue;Njhk;. ehq;fs; ,k;%d;W jhuf ke;jpuq;fis gad;gLj;j jpl;lkpl;Nlhk;. mit> Fiwj;jy;> kW gad;ghL kw;Wk; kW Row;rp. ,jd; %yk;> vq;fs; nfhy;iyg;Gwj;jpy; vl;L khjq;fSf;F Kd;G ehq;fs; xU rpwpa tPlL ; j; Njhl;lj;ij epWtpNdhk;.

rikaiwf;F Njitahd jhtuq;fs; vq;fs; rikayiwapy; gad;gLj;j nfhbg;griy> nghd;dhq;fz;zp> Fj;Jg;griy> Gspr;rf;fi P u> nte;jaf;fPiu> KUq;fiff;fPiu Nghd;w fPiu tiffs; Nghd; w tw; i w el; N lhk; . ehq; f s; fhiy kw; W k; kjpa cztpw; F fP i ufis gad;gLj;JfpNwhk;. ehq;fs; nghJthf ,uT czNthL fPiufs; rhg;gpLtijj; jtph;ff ; pNwhk;.

RitA+l; l gad; g Lj; j g; g Lk; fwpNtg; g piy vq;fsplk; cs;sJ. ehk; md;whlk; gad;gLj;Jk; jf; f hsp> ntz; i lf; f ha; > fj; j phpf; ; f ha; > Rz;ilf;fha;> nfhj;jtiu> KUq;iff;fha;> ghfw;fha;> Riuf;fha;> G+rzpf;fha; Mfpatw;iw vq; f s; Njhl; l j; j py; ,Ue; J rhk; g hh; kw; W k; nghhpay; Nghd;w czTfspy; gad;gLj;JfpNwhk;. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

15

MNuhf;fpaj;jpw;fhd jhtuq;fs; ehq;fs; fUg;GJsrp> fw;whio> MlhNjhlh> mUfk; G y; > jpUeP w ; W g; g r; r piy> J}Jtis> gpuz;il> ntw;wpiy> vYkpr;irGy;> uzfs;sp> Xkty;yp> fPohney;yp> eha;fLF> fwpNtg;gpiy> ,d; R ypd; nrb> kUjhzp> Fg; i gNkdp Mfpatw; i w Njhl; l j; j py; itj; J s; N shk; . ,tw;iw vq;fs; kUe;jfk;; vd;W miof;fpNwhk;. ,e; j j; jhtuq; f s; nghJthd Neha; f Sf; F rpfpr;iraspf;f cjTfpd;wd. rsp> ,Uky;> %f;F xOFjy;> fha;rr ; y;> cly;typ> kyr;rpf;fy;> jiytyp> Nghd;wtw;wpw;F cjTfpwJ. NkYk; cly; #L> ,uj;j mOj;jk;> rh;f;fiu Nghd;wtw;iw fl; L g; g Lj; j Tk; cjTk; . ,e; j %ypiffs; gr;irahf my;yJ %ypif NjePh>; #g;> rhk;ghh;> rl;dpahfTk; rhg;gplyhk;.

nja;t topghl;bw;F cjTk; jhtuq;fs; vq; f s; Njhl; l j; j py; ky; y pif> nrk; g Uj; j p> me;jpke;;jhiu> gpl;;rpg;g+>fhfpjg;g+> muspnrb> ky;ypif g+ Nghd;wtw;iw vdJ kidtp kw;Wk; kfs; itj;Jf; nfhs;;thh;fs; . kw;w G+f;fs; midj;Jk; flTSf;F gilf;fg;gLk;. jpdKk; fhiyapy;> Ke;;ija ehspd; kyh;fs; G+i[ miwapypUe; J Nrfhpf; f g; g l; L nrbfSf; ; F Nghlg;gl;L cukhfpwJ. nrk;gUj;jp G+ ,uj;j Rj;jpfhpg;Gf;F ey;yJ. vdNt> mjid ehq;fs; rhg;gpLfpNwhk;.

kuq;fs; ehq;fs; gy gad;fs; cila gy tifahd kuq;fis el;Ls;Nshk;. go kuq;fshfpa kh> gg;ghsp> Ke;jphp> gyhg;gok;> nfha;ah> nfhLf;f ; hGsp> thio> ney;ypf;fha; Mfpad cs;sJ. Njf;F> nrk;kuk;> rTf;F> Ntk;G> G+tuR Nghd;w kuq;fs; cs; s J. go kuq; f s; ,uz; L Mz; L fspy; tpisr;ry; ju Muk;gpf;Fk;. kw;w kuq;fs; vq;fs; FLk;gj;jpw;F ePzl ; fhyk; ed;ikia jUk;.

rpW Jsp ngUnts;sk; vq;fs; Njhl;lj;jpy; gy ,lq;fspy;> jhfKs;s gwitfSf; F (gpsh]; b f; ) kWRow; r pf; f hd nefpop Fg;gpfspy; jz;zPh; itj;jpUf;fpNwhk;. gwitfs; jz;zPh; Fbf;ftUk; NghJ> Njhl; l j; j py; cs; s GO kw; W k; G+r; r pfis rhg; g pLtjd; %yk; G+r; r p Nkyhz; i kia mit nra;fpd;wd. vdNt G+r;rpfisg; gw;wp ehq; f s; ftiyg; g Ltjpy; i y. Vnddpy; Njhl;lk; kdpjh;fSf;F kl;Lky;y midj;J caphpdq;fSf;Fk;> kapy;fs;> ikdhf;fs; kw;Wk;; rpl;Lf;FUtp vd vq;fs; Njhl;lj;jpw;F tof;fkhf tUk; tpUe;jhspfs;. rpl;Lf;FUtpf;F $L fl;l xU mikjpahd ,lk; mikj;Js;Nshk;. vq; f s; Njhl; l j; j py; vq; F Njhz; b dhYk; Vuhskhd kz; G Of; f isf; fhzKbAk; .

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

,J kz; MNuhf; f pakhfTk; > caph; g ; G lDk; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gij czh;j;JfpwJ. ,e;j tPl;Lj; Njhl;lj;jpd; %yk; vq;fSf;F Rj;jkhd fhw;W fpilf;fpwJ. fhiyehq;fs; Njhl;lj;jpy; Fiwe;jJxUkzpNeuk; Ntiy nra;tjhy; ,ij czh;fpNwhk;. ,J MNuhf; f pakhfTk; > vq; f s; FLk;gj;ij ,aw;ifAld; neUf;fkhf ,Uf;fTk;> ,aw;if nfhLg;gij mDgtpf;f fw;Wf;nfhLj;Js;sJ. kWRow;rp nra;J ghh;jJ ; > mDgtpf;f NghJkhd ,lk; cs; s J. rikaiwf; F Njitahd fha;fwpfs;> goq;fs;> fPiufs;> G+f;fs; vq;fs; Njhl;lj;jpypUe;Nj tUfpd;wJ. kw;Wk; rikayiw fopTfs; Njhl;lj;jpw;F cukhf gad;gLfpwJ. NkYk;> Kf;fpakhf> ehq;fs; vq;fs; nrhe;j tpijfis ghJfhf; f j; njhlq; f pNdhk; .

NkYk;> guhkhpj;J fha;fwpfs;> gUg;G tiffs;> %ypiffs; > fP i ufs; > G+f; f s; Mfpatw; i w nfhz;l tpijtq;fp itj;Js;Nshk;. ,J xU Rw; W r; # oy; kw; W k; kP S Uthf; f k; nra;Ak; tho;f;if Kiw. Fiwg;G> kWRow;rp> kWgad; g hL Mfpa nfhs; i ffspy; kpfTk; ftdk; nrYj;JfpNwhk;. midj;J jhtuq;fSk; Kd;G gad;gLj;jg;gl;l (gpsh];bf;) nefpopj; njhl;bfs; kw;Wk; Fg;gpfspy; tsh;ff ; g;gLfpd;wd. vq;fs; Njhl;lf; fUtpfs; ngUk;ghyhdit tPzhdit vd;W miof;fg; gLgtw;wpypUe;J jahhpf;fg;gl;lit. Nfhop> kPd; kw;Wk; ML Nghd;w $Ljy; $Wfis vq;fs; Njhl;l ; q;fspy; xUq;fpizf;f KbAk; vd ek;GfpNwhk;. vq;fs; Njhl;lj;jpy; tpise;jtw;iw ez;gh;fs;> gf;fj;J tPlL ; f;fhuh;fs;> cwtpdh;fs;> ghy;fhuh;fs;> Njhl;lf;fhuh;fs; vd midtUlDk; ,ytrkhf gfph;eJ ; nfhs;fpNwhk;. ,J midthplKk;; el;G ; cUthf; f cjTtNjhL mth; f Sk; jq; f s; ; nrhe;jNjhl;lj;ij njhlq;f Cf;Ftpf;fpwJ. nfhNuhdh ngUe;njhw;W kw;Wk; mjd; tpisthf Culq;F mky;gLj;jpajhy;> vq;fs; FLk;gj;ij Njhl;lj;jpy; mjpf Neuk; nrytplr; nra;Js;s ; J. ,jd; tpisthf> Njhl;lk;; vq;fSf;F Vuhskhd jahhpg;Gfis toq;fpAs;sJ. goq;fs;> G+f;fs;> fha;fwpfs; kw;Wk; fPiufs; vd gytiffspy;. gwitfspd;; xyp vq;fSf;F mjpfhiy vOg;Gk; xypahf khwpAs;sJ. ,t;thW> ek; Njhl;lk;> ek; tho;f ; i ; f vd vq;fs;; FLk;gk; ,jid tsh;jJ ; tUfpNwhk;. 

Suresh Kanna Kudumbam, No. 113/118, Sundaraj Nagar, Subramaniyapuram, Trichy - 620 020, Tamil Nadu, India E-mail: sureshkanna_kudumbam@yahoo.in

%yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2020> thy;A+k; 22> ,jo; 3

‘eh ghz;lhit” cUthf;fpa etPd; Fkhh;

tptrhapfs; ey;y kf#y; ngw cjTk; Mg; ehghz;lh vd;gJ ‘Ntshz; gaph; Nkyhz;ik” nkhigypy; gad;gLj;jf;$ba ,ytrkhf gjptpwf;fk; nra;J nfhs;syhk;.

Mz;l;uha;L nkhigypy; ,J cs;sJ. jw;NghJ Me; j pu gpuNj\k; kw; W k; njYq; f hdhtpy; cs;s 1>17>000 gadPl;lhsh;fs; (tptrhapfs;) cs;sdh;; 2016 brk;;ghpy; i`juhghj;ij Nrh;e;j etPd; Fkhh; thuq;fy;ypy; cs;s jdJ nrhe;j efuhd `dk; n fhz; l htpw; F gazk; Nkw; n fhs; s KbT nra; j hh; . mg; d hNyhd; g[hh; ” (xU Md; i yd; rpy; y iw fld; jpul; l y; jsk; ) epWtdh; mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy> ,e;j gazkhdJ mtuJ tho;f;ifia khw;wptpLk; vd;W. me; j rk; g tk; njspthf vdJ jiyapy; cs;sJ> mth; epidT $Wfpwhh;. xU tptrhap ,we; J fplf; f pwhh; . fyg; g lk; nra; a g; g l; l gUj;jp tpijfis &. 300 ,yhgj;jpw;F tpw;w xU tpahghhp jd;id Vkhw;wpa gpd;dh; mth; G+r; r pf; n fhy; y pia Fbj; J tpl; L jw; n fhiy nra;J nfhz;lhh;. gaph; mjd; midj;J mofpYk; tsh;ej ; pUe;jhYk;> mJ kf#y; tpistpf; f j; jtwptpl; l J. ,og;ig kPl;gjw;Nfh my;yJ gaph; rhFgbf;F Vw; g l; l nryit jpUg; g pr; nrYj; J tjw; N fh

NtW topapy;iy. tptrhap jd;idj;jhNd kha; j ; J f; n fhs; S k; fLikahd Kbit Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. ,uTfspy; etPdhy; rhpahf J}q;f Kbatpy;iy. vdNt> mth; fpuhkq;fs;> Ntshz; mjpfhhpfs;> tpQ;Qhdpfs;> ty;Yeh;fs; kw;Wk; tptrhapfSld; tphpthd fsMuha;r;rp Nkw;nfhz;lhh; kw;Wk; rpy tpe; i jahd fz; L gpbg; G fspy; jLkhwp Nghdhh;. etP d ; ed; F trjp gilj; j kw; W k; gbj; j tptrhapfSf;F murpd; ,izajsq;fspy; fpilf; F k; jfty; f spypUe; J k; > tptrha mjpfhhpfs; %ykhfTk; rpwe;j eilKiwfs; Fwpj;J gadiltJ vspJ vd;gij czh;e;jhh;.

Mdhy; FW tptrhapfs; ntt;NtW Neubahd Mjhuq;fspypUe;J jfty;fisr; Nrfhpg;gjpy; 20-30 tpOf;fhL Neuj;ij tPzbf;fpwhh;fs;. ,jidr; nra; t jw; f hd Nehf; f j; j py; $l mth;fs; Vkhw;wg;gLfpwhh;fs;. n tWk; jfty;fspd; gw;whf;Fiw , e; j tptrhapfs; Nkhrkhd tpijfs; > Nghyp cuq; f s; > cw; g j; j pf; f hd Fiwe; j tpiy yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

17

ehq; f s; nraypia cUthf; F k; N ghJ re;ijapy; xU igrh $l KjyPL nra; a tpy; i y. ehd; F khjq; f Sf; F s; 50>000 tptrhapfs; gjptpwf;fk; nra;jpUg;gJ vq;;fSf;F xU KOikahd Mr;rhpakhf ,Ue;jJ. ngUk;ghyhd tptrhapfs; ,ij tha; thh; j ; i j %yk; tpsk; g ug; g Lj; j p> ‘N\hpl; -Ig; gad; g Lj; j p gad; g hl; i lg; ; gfph;e;Jnfhs;thh;fs;. md;wpypUe;J ,g;NghJ tiu> ,e;j gazk; rthy;fs;; kw;Wk; fw;wy;fs; epiwe; j jhf ,Ue; j J. ,d; W ehghz; ; l h vd;gJ xU rpwpa tptrhapf;F xU tptrha fiyf; f sQ; ; r pak; Nghd; w J vd; W ehd; ngUikAld; nrhy;y KbAk;. ve;jnthU jftYf;Fk; mth;fs; vq;fs; gad;ghl;ilg; gad; g Lj; j pdhy; > mth; f s; ve; j $Ljy; Mjhuj;jpw;F nry;yj; Njitapy;iy.

kw;Wk; ,ilj;jufh;fshy; Ruz;lg;gLtjw;F ,iuahfptpl;lJ. ‘vdNt> gaDs;s jfty;njhlh;G vd;gJ ,e;jpa tptrhaj;jpd; NjitahFk;. cz;ikahd fs #o;epiyfSf;Fk; murhq;f MjuT eltbf;iffSf;Fk; ,ilNa xU nghpa ,ilntsp cs;sJ. ,e;;j ,ilntspia epug; g > ehq; f s; gad; g hl; i l cUthf;fp tptrhapfSf;F ,ytrkhf toq;fpNdhk;. vq;fs; gad;ghL Kjd;ikahf rpW kw;Wk; FW tptrhapfSf;F Nrit nra;a tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ>” vd;fpwhh; etPd;.

MfNt>tptrhapfSf; F mth; f spd; gaph; tpisr;rid Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> mjpfhpj;J ttUk; tptrhapfs; jw;nfhiyfisj; jLg;;gjw;Fk; etPdpd; jdpj;Jtkhd jPh;thf ehghz;lh gad;ghL ,Ue;jJ.

ehghz;lh - xU Ntshz; fiyf;fsQ;rpaj;ij cUthf;Fjy; ehghz;lh ‘tptrha gaph; Nkyhz;ik” nkhigy; gad; g hl; i l gjptpwf; f k; nra; a ,ytr Mz;lu; ha;L ,izajsj;jpy; fpilf;fpwJ. ,J jw;NghJ Me;jpu gpuNjrk; kw;Wk; njYq;fhdh KOtjpYk; ,Ue;J 1>17>000 gadhsh; fis (tptrhapfs;) nfhz;Ls;sJ. nj h l f; fj ; jpy; t sh;j ;nj Lf ;Fk; kw;;Wk; Mjhpg;Gfis AIP – ICRISAT kw;Wk; IIIT – i`juhghj; kw;Wk; tptrhapfSf;Fj; Njitahd midj;J tifahd tptrhak; njhlh;ghd jfty;fisAk; epfo;Neuj;jpy; mZf cjTfpwJ. 18

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

3500 re;ijfspy; jpdrhp re;ij tpiyfs; Kjy; 300 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Ntshz; nghUl;fspd; %d;W Mz;L tpiy Nghf;F tiu> midj;jpw;Fk; xU fpspf; jl; b dhy; NghJk; . midj; J tptrhapfSf;Fk; Njit xU vspa nkhigy; kw;Wk; ,izajs ,izg;G. NkYk;> tptrhapfs; jq;fs; nryTfis xU xOq; f ikf; f g; g l; l Kiwapy; fz; f hzpf; f ehghz;lh cjTfpwJ kw;Wk; G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs; kw;Wk; G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs; fpilf;;Fk; jd;ik> fyit> jahhpg;G El;;gq;fs; gw;wpa tphpthd jfty;fis mth;fSf;F toq;FfpwJ. ,J Ie;J ehs; thdpiy Kd;dwptpg;G> gaph; fhg;gPL> kz; Ma;tfq;fspd; ,Ug;gplk;> Fsph; Nrkpg; G trjpfs; kw; W k; ,U khepyq; f spy; cs; s tptrha tpahghu njhlh; G fs; gw; w p jfty;fisAk; fhl;LfpwJ. vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ,iza ,izg;G itj; j pUg; g J fbdk; vd; W epidf; F k; tptrhapfSf;F> 100f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l gaph;fSf;F gaph; kw; W k; G+r; r p Nkyhz; i k El; g q; f s; gw;wpa jfty;fSld; Mg;iyd; mk;rq;fSk; gad;ghl;by; cs;sd. ,e;j gad;ghL jw;NghJ njYq;F kw;Wk; Mq;fpy nkhopfspy; fpilf;fpwJ. NkYk; ,J rpwpa Neuj;jpw;Fk; cjTfpwJ. NkYk; FW tptrhapfs; tptrha cgfuzq;fis kpfTk; kypT tpiyapy; thq;Ffpwhh;fs; my;yJ thliff;F tpLfpwhh;fs; kw;Wk; ,ilj;jufh;fspd; FWf;fL P ,y; y hky; Md; i ydpy; Neubahf jq; f s; nghUl;fis tpw;fpwhh;fs;.

ntw; w pf; f hd ghijia vLg; g jpy; jtwpaJ ntw;wpfukhd gad;ghl;il cUthf;Ftjw;fhd ghij vJTk; vspjhdJ my;y. mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l %d;W khjq;fSf;Fs;> ,e; j gad; g hl; b y; 50>000 f; F k; Nkw; g l; l tptrhapfs; ,Ue; j dh; . Mdhy; mth; f s; mij epWty; ; eP f ; f j; njhlq; F k; tiu ,J xU tp\ak; kl; L Nk. fhuzk; - rpwpa jfty; f s; ,Ue; j d. mJ tptrhapfspd; vjph;ghh;g;Gfis G+h;j;jp nra;atpy;iy. mit xt; n thd; W k; ftdpf; f g; g l Ntz; b a xU jdpj;Jtkhd Njit cs;sJ. ,J ifapy; ,Uf;Fk; gzpia fbdkhf;fpaJ.“ ehq;fs; gy Mg;iyd; mk;rq;fisr; Nrh;jj ; NghJ> mtw;wpd; njhiyNgrpfs; nraypof;fj; njhlq;fpd. ,jd; %yk; NkYk; epWty; ePf;fk; nra;a toptFj;jJ.

eh ghz;lhtpd; jpiutbtk;

Mdhy; ehq; f s; tplhKaw; r pAld; mjpf Nrhjid kw;Wk; gpiofs; %yk; xU khjphpia cUthf;fpNdhk; gad;ghl;L epWtypd; msit 40Mb f;Fk; Fiwthf guhkhpf;Fk;NghJ 16 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Nritfis ehq;fs; Nkk;gLj;jp te;Njhk;. gad;ghl;il mZfTk; gadilaTk;; kpf vspa ];khh;lN ; ghd; nfhz;l tptrhapfSf;F ,J cjtpaJ> vd;fpwhh; etPd;. ’ghpzhkk; kw;Wk; Gjpa mk;rq;fisr; Nrh;g;gJ xU epiyahd nray;Kiwahfj; njhlh;fpwJ”> vd;W NkYk; mth; $Wfpwhh;. gad;ghl;by; cs;s midj;J juTk; CIBR (kj;jpa G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs; thhpak; kw;Wk; gjpTf;FO) topfhl;Ljy;fisg; gpd;gw;WfpwJ vd;gijf; Fwpg;gpLtJ Kf;fpak;. ,e;jpahtpy; fpilf;Fk; gy;NtW re;ijfspy; cs;s tptrha nghUl;fspd; re;ij tpiy $l agmarket.nic.in – ypUe;J ngwg;gLfpwJ. ,d; W > ehghz; l h 1>17>000 tptrhapfis mile;Js;sJ. jpdrhp jdpj;Jtkhd coth; ghh;itahsh;fs; 3000 f;Fk; mjpfkhdth;fs; kw;Wk; jpdrhp gad;ghl;L fye;JiuahLgth;fs; 25000 f;Fk; mjpfkhdit. ehghz;lhtpd; mZfy; fypNghh;dpah gy;fiyf;fofk;> ngh;f;yp> Me;jpuhtpd; fpuhkq;fspy; 10000-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l tptrhapfSld; elj;jg;gl;l tphpthd fzf;nfLg;g pd; KbTfspy; gpujpgypf; fpwJ. tptrha eilKiwfSf;F tptrhapfs; njhopy;El;gj;ij vt;thW gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;fs;

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19

etPd; xU tptrhap cld;

eilKiwfs;> Nfhl;ghLfs; kw;Wk; tha;nkhop Ghpjy; gw;wpa ePz;l fl;;Liufspy; mf; fiw fhl;ltpy;iy. mth;fs; tpUk;GtJ vy;yhk; tptrhapfsplkpUe; J ngwg; g l; l fbdkhd cz;ikfs;; kw;Wk; taypy; ciog;gth;fs;. rhpahd jfty; kw;Wk; rhpahd topfhl;LjYld; mtw;i ; w Kd; i tj; J > mth; f spd; gpur; r idfSf; F xU jP h ; i tf; nfhLj; J > Ghpe; J nfhs; t J vspJ vd;;gij cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. tptrhaj;jpy; xU Gul;rpia J}z;LtJ ,Jjhd;. ,d; W ehghz; l h 1>17>000 tptrhapfis mile;Js;sJ. jpdrhp jdpj;Jtkhd coth; ghh;itahsh;fs; 3000-f;Fk; mjpfkhdth;fs;> kw;;Wk; jpdrhp gad;ghl;L fye;Jiuahly;fs;

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 2 • [_d; 2021

25>000 f;Fk; mjpfkhdit. gaph; Nkyhz;ik El;gq;fis epGej;Jtk; ngw tptrhapfSf;F cjTjy; - xU Neuj;jpy; xU fpspf;  This is an edited version of the original published at https://www.thebetterindia.com/170783/hyderabadman-develops-app-that-helps-75000-farmers-getbetter-yield/ %yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> brk;gh; 2020> thy;A+k; 22> ,jo; 4