288
GLOSSARY/INDEX
Thomas, W. I., 3,165
variable: A thing that is thought to influence
Thurow, Lester, 218
or be influenced by another thing, 59-61;
Tittle, Charles, 219
independent and dependent, 63-65;
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 230
operationalizing, 66-67; in experiments,
Tonnies, Ferdinand, 16-18, 26; on Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft 16-18,130 total institution: Erving Goffman's term for a place of "residence and work where a large number of life-situated individuals,
86-89
varnas: "Colors of being" in the Hindu religion; refers to the arrangement of Hindu people into castes, 198-199 vertical mobility: Movement (up or down)
cut off from the wider society for an
from one social stratum into another, 209;
appreciable period of time, together lead an
and social change, 209. See also horizontal
enclosed, formally administered round of
mobility; intergenerational mobility;
life,"168-169 tracking, in school: Process by which school
mobility, social Villenez, W. J., 219
children receive different education content
Visser, Margaret, 116
based on their perceived aptitude, 165-166,
Voltaire, 9n
224-227
Tracy, Antoine Louis Claude Destutt de, 107 transmigration: What many non-Hindus refer to as reincarnation, 198
triangulation: Research strategy in which different research methods are brought to bear on a single research problem; different methods are chosen so that their respective
Wade, Wyn Craig, 115 Washington, Booker, T., 24 Washington, George, 36n wealth: The total value of the assets owned by an individual or family group, 205-216; 240
Strengths and weaknesses complement one
Weber, Bruce, 224
another, 94-95
Weber, Max, 18-20, 21, 26; on the growth of
tribal stigma: Stigma attached to people in disfavored groups, 190. See also stigma Turner, Victor, 113
tyranny: Rule by a tyrant, 150
rational behavior, 19; relationship to Marx,
21; on inconvenient facts, 50-51; on social research 81; on bureaucracy, 131-134,137; on social class, 204-206; on power, 199-200, 204n; on status, 200 Weltanschauung: German term meaning
uncertainty principle: Physicist Heisenberg's
idea that the very act of observing phenomena changes those phenomena, 41
unobtrusive research: Strategies for studying
worldview, the beliefs and values of the people, 108 William the Conqueror, 200 Williams, Richard, 51
behavior that do not affect the behavior of
Williams, Robin, 107
research subjects, 92-94. See also Hawthorne
Williamson, Tom, 250
effect
Wirth, Louis, 250,254
untouchable. See dalit
Wittgenstein, Ludwig Josef Johann, 40 Wolff, Edward, 216 working life, effects of social class on, 218
vaishyas: Hindu caste, originally made up of skilled workers, merchants and
workplace, as an agent of socialization, 167-168
farmers, 199 values: General or abstract ideas about what is
good and desirable, as opposed to what is
Yanomamo, 54-57
bad and undesirable, 107-108
Yinger, Milton, 115