CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE

CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE

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LAURA DOLEŽALOVÁ, MARKÉTA KÁNOVÁ, ARMITA ARMAND, MOJDEH MASOUMI

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CIRCULAR BXL IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE INTERNATIONAL MASTER IN ARCHITECTURE KU LEUVEN, CAMPUS SINT-LUCAS BRUSSELS Circular BXL

by Laurens Bekemans, Catherine Mengé Urban Projects, Urban Cultures: Exploring the city .

The program of the design studio focuses on designing architecture in an existing urban context, taking into account the changing social, spatial and economic conditions. The transformation and refocusing of the economic activity due to globalization, knowledge economy, aging society, growth of the non-active population, tourism, the multicultural society ... forces us to develop new working methods for the built environment. Within the design studio students are trained to design architecture based on their understanding of the urban culture in those new conditions. The program emphasizes the specific combination of design and research, by exploring the impact of the complex urban processes on architectural design. Design is seen as a creative way to explore and look into those new societal and cultural challenges.

Students start the design studio with the development of a vision on the design location, TIR building C and it’s neighborhood. An important key issue is the relation of the future project with the urban environment and its socio-cultural dimension. The student investigates the impact of, and the potential within, the different urban contexts. In his/her design activity, the student concentrates on the development of design strategies and design-methodology.

Students are trained to read, analyze and formulate their personal interpretation on basis of a project-based potential. Students are initiated to process objective and subjective information, statistical, historic and social data, maps and urban strategies, and as such can confront and control the acquired information into a coherent vison and individual interpretation.

Circularity Circular economy is necessary and promising. Due to the energy, materials and climate transition, our environmental laws will soon become stricter. Long transport chains will push up the price of products. Residuals and waste will need to become the resources for tomorrow’s economy. This offers opportunities for shorter and closed production chains. These circular chains are most promising in places where many people live: in and around the city.

We need to close the gap between thinkers and creators. The gap between the knowledge and manufacturing economy is also reflected in the space. In and around Brussels, the highly educated live in the South-east, while the workers live in the North-west. As one of the richest regions of Europe, Brussels still has one of the lowest average incomes. Investing on an urban industry combines both brains and hands and helps to bridge the gap.

Local quality and craft are once again in demand. More and more people recognize the value and quality of locally produced crafts and food. As a counterpart to the automation of labour, we see a revaluation of handicrafts, metier and trade. From re-use to recycle.

Site: TIR, Building C A different city is being built now, in and around Brussels. The industrial activities and infrastructure that are still prominent, are a unique asset for the future. The city and its outskirts are being revived by making room for innovative manufacturing activities, low-skilled jobs and a circular economy. Building new homes for a growing population is linked to the preservation and enhancement of the urban economy and industry. Brussels and Flanders are pioneers of a turnaround in the European urban development and planning: from the post-industrial city to the productive city.”

Assignment ‘Circular BXL’ is a complex and challenging architectural studio assignment, in which architecture students 1) research the architectural and urban identity of a very large existing logistic building (TIR - building C - 150 m long - 70 m wide - 4 floors) 2) choose and define a personal vision within the broader theme of circularity 3) translate this vision into a masterplan/strategy/program for a circular Hub for Brussels 3) materialize this masterplan/strategy/program in an architectural design for the TIR building C. During this process, the students could profile not only themselves, but also their social and spatial engagement within their architectural thinking.

A sensible reading of the site can in this way lead towards answers which are circular and sustainable in an inclusive way. In this case it’s not only about the social, ecological or spatial aspects of the location, but also, about a ‘total’ solution which is closely connected to the ‘place’ and offers a solution for as much needs as possible. The fact is that the solution is often already present on site - le déjà là - and that only a small effort is enough to bring forward a useful way of re-using the place as it is. This is an important insight that this exercise can give to the students. They can practice the ability to see the different structural and functional layers of the building/site and learn to understand its specific character. Through research by design, step by step the essence of the place is exposed. By doing this, coming to a sensitive and context-bound design becomes possible. Nonetheless, a modest, pragmatic and empathetic approach is necessary to come to this kind of spatial solutions.

CONTENT

TEAM 1+2: CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE analysis part and master plan proposal by Laura Doležalová, Markéta Kánová, Armita Armand and Mojdeh Masoumi

CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE ........................................................................................................................... 9 a team vision

TIR BUILDING AND AREA ......................................................................................................................... 10 an introduction of the TIR building and close area

HISTORY .................................................................................................................................................... 12 an analysis of history of site, storing goods and circular economy and proposal of the new circular warehouse

CIRCULARITY............................................................................................................................................. 16 an analysis of circular companies and proposal of a new programme for circular warehouse

SITE ............................................................................................................................................................ 22 site analysis

MASTER PLAN ............................................................................................................................................ 24 proposal of a new border of private and public

TEAM 2: A WINDOW TOWARDS CIRCULARITY proposal for a circular warehouse by Laura Doležalová and Markéta Kánová

VISION ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 TEAM 2

TIR BUILDING ANALYSIS .......................................................................................................................... 32 history of the building, Georges De Hens and his work, form, structure, circulation and function

CONCEPT ................................................................................................................................................... 41 design approach, new functions and space adaptations

PROPOSAL.................................................................................................................................................. 42 circulation of goods and people, plans, sections, elevation, axonometry, dealing with waste and climate

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CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE TEAM 1+2 v

LAURA DOLEŽALOVÁ, MARKÉTA KÁNOVÁ, ARMITA ARMAND, MOJDEH MASOUMI The goal is clear - to create a better environment for a better society. Circular economy seems like a promising solution for such a task. So what exactly is this circular economy? It is a regenerative system in which resource input and waste, emission, and energy leakage are minimized by slowing, closing, and narrowing energy and material loops; this can be achieved through long-lasting designing, repairing, reusing, remanufacturing, refurbishing, recycling, and upcycling. This is in contrast to a linear economy which is a „take, use, dispose“ model of production. Model of linear economy seems like causing a lot of environmental troubles recently on global scale, we should all consider new approach in designing and way of living on our beloved planet Earth.

Companies and their production are huge actors in a production of waste and pollutions. Luckily there are companies with new and more sustainable approach. We aim to create a new Circular Warehouse, which will accommodate these circular companies. In this project we aim to present our vision and solution on such a building. With a research on a different companies which work in a circular way, we came up with a summary of spaces which we need to provide for these companies.

Storages, sorting spaces, workshops for repairing and shops to sell the products.

People are often supplier for the process of production, so role of the public in our design and devoting spaces for them is important.

We believe it is important also to educate people about circularity and show them how products can be produced in circular way. We also think its crucial to bring production back to the city so people themselves might start their own business in circular way. To achieve this goal, we want to bring public directly into TIR building and to offer them a space for activities that will allow people to learn more about circular way of living.

With sustainable and circular way, we consume and produce, we hope to achieve a better future for living in cities that will not harm our planet Earth.

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TIR BUILDING C AND AREA

Area of Port of Brussels has always been strongly connected to transporting and storing goods. Area has flourished from 16th century after canal was built. That meant an access to the port of Antwerp and sea. This action has provided an input of new goods and of course - money. In that time, no one really cared about environment, because nature has been always mostly untouched by human actions. In 19th century industrial revolution has affected whole city of Brussels. Thanks to manufacturing and invention of new machines, production and transport were rising.

City was growing and getting profit from market. However, global environment was getting worse. In that time, area of port was growing very fast. Biggest railway station in Europe was build, new warehouses for goods coming from whole Europe and production was moving to the area, to be close to the transport. After Second World War pressure on economy growth has become bigger, consumerism and tourism were introduced. And it was about first time we have realized our planet is fragile.

With invention of car and its widespread use, train and ship transport started to decline. That has affected economy, city planning and life in city of Brussels. City was flooded with new highways and cars. It was an era of consumerism and philosophy of linear economy. TIR has built building C as a promissing answer to trend of using trucks in logistics to remain its position on market. Site of Tour and Taxis has become a huge brownfield in 80’s. From 90’s has been started an initiative to restore this area.

The TIR (Transport International Routier) building C is today a storage located on the Port of Brussels estate. This building was built in 60s, designed by architect George de Hens. Company of TIR had to face a new challenge in transporting goods – and that was by trucks. Today this warehouse is property of Port of Brussels and several companies are renting space here for storing their goods.

Today, there are four levels of building that are available for rent. Ground level is accessible from Rue Dieudonné Lefévre and from fenced area of Port of Brussels. First and third floors are accessible by lifts and stairs from ground floor, which makes them less attractive for purpose of storing goods. For second floor, a ramp was provided, which allows trucks to bring goods to this level. This slope has an entrance and exit in fenced and secured area of Port of Brussels.

To understand more problematics of logistics, potential of area and importance of circularity we had prepared a history analysis presented on following pages.

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HISTORY

WAREHOUSE

Warehouses are usually large plain buildings used for commercial purposes for storage of goods. Warehouses are commonly used by exporters, importers, wholesalers, manufacturers etc.

Warehouses are usually equipped with loading docks to load and unload trucks and they have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, and are placed on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks

As the civilisation developed, local warehouses were introduced

Roots go back to the creation of granaries to store food, which was historically available for purchase during times of famine

Middle ages

Early days

CIRCULAR ECONOMY Economy used to be circularthere was nothing like waste

The Senne valley The area between Schaerbeek and Laeken which are at this time agricultural villages

1771

CIRCULAR ECONOMY As the European explorers began to discover new shipping trade routes all over the world, the importance of warehouses grew for the storage of products and commodities which were brought from far way places. The ports were the main locations of the warehouses, since majority of the trade between the countries was carried by ships

Disruption of origin economy new goods new transport routes expansion of market

Warehouse is becoming commercial, positioned close to the port and arrival of goods 1781 first warehouse in port

SITE Goods are produced and sold localy

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First known major commercial warehouse was built in Venice, a centre of major trade routesIn late 1800’As in the United States, transportation between port cities and inland cities were effectively provided by railroad

1828 street Royale This street takes shape from the Schaerbeek gate to Queen‘s Square

Hand trucks are used in warehouses stackings done by hand max 12 feet of stack

1800

Industrial revolution

CIRCULAR ECONOMY More goods are produced thanks to manufacturization new lifestyle of consumption and pleasure

SITE 1562 canal, railway stations

CIRCULAR ECONOMY During this time period because of monopoly on both warehousing and freight by railroad companies favoured large corporations, giving them free warehousing services with the use of the railroads.The warehousing facility was provided as an additional service to transportation, and the service so provided was part of the clearance terminal.

The word terminal describes the warehouses were located in the centre of the city, normally close to the wholesale market district and railroad depot

1856 plastic was patented in Pakistan first commercial oil wells enviroment in the city is becoming harmful because of industrial production

SITE 1847 second warehouse 1903 warehouse A 1904 Royal depot 1907 gare Maritime RAPID URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT OF AREA

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HISTORY

Hand trucks were used for material handling in warehouses and stacking was done by hand, and stacking heights were designed in 8-to 12-foot range.

Willebroeck wharf Parts of the Gobert basin is backfilled to become the willebroeck wharf and the green alley is transformed into an expressway. The neighborhood is at this totally urbanized time.

World War I

Senne river to the underground the Senne, which was still open, was vaulted and cut underground, which allows the creation of the Boulevard King Albert II in the extension of the boulevard Emile Jacqmain.

In 1960‘s and 1970‘s in the US automated warehousing meant automated storage/Retrieval systems (AS/RS).

SITE Production and housing is settled in the area (Byrrh) 1931 Willebroeck wharf

The fork lift truck and wooden pallets were introduced. Stacking height of merchandise was increased to 30 feet, nearly a 300 percentincrease due the mass production of forklift truck

World War II

CIRCULAR ECONOMY Pressure on economic growth, linear economy models, debt financing models, capitalism

The main factor which gave rise to this development was the doubling of the value of business inventories between 1962 and 1972 and the value was tripled between 1972 and 1982

1980

SITE 1968 picture of Earth from the moon - Earth is fragile 1970‘s energy crisis consumption is not a way to happiness (Fromm, To have or to be, 1976) Cradle to Cradle, William McDonough 2016 EU circular economy package

1958 building C, architect Georges de Hens covering of Senne river 1980’s decline of an area 1990’s searching for a new purpose of T&Tsite 2008 renovation of Royal depot, warehouse A renovation of Gare Maritime 2014 Parc Farm

After the late 1980s the AS/RS systems became obsolete and more emphasis was paid on reducing inventories, small batch production and Just in time delivery.

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Local Warehouses: These warehouses mainly for the purpose of responding to the customer demand. Frequently, single items are picked, and the same item is shipped to the customer every day.

Value-added service warehouses: Key product customization activities takes place like packaging, labelling, marking, pricing, and returns processing.

Traditional warehousing continuously is declining since the last decade of the 20th century with the introduction of Just in Time (JIT) techniques which are specially designed to enhance the return on investment (ROI) of a business by mitigating in process inventory.

Types of warehouses

Today’s warehouse requirements: Execute more, smaller transaction. Handle and store more items. Provide more product and service customization.

Offer more value-added services Process more return.

Receive and ship more international orders

present

JIT concept is based on delivering product directly from the factory to the retail outlet without the use of warehouse, but in some cases like offshore outsourcing and off-shoring in about the same time period, the distance between manufacturer and the retailer increases considerably in many regions which builds the need of at least one warehouse per region or per country for a given range of products in any typical supply chain.

Centralized warehouse De-centralized warehouse Centralised warehouse: Centralization generally refers to the allocation of the warehousing services to one particular business unit which provides services to the whole firm.

The decisions are made at the central location for the entire network. The main characteristics of a centralized approach are control, efficiency and good economy.

Why have a warehouse Despite the new technologies in e-commerce, supply chain integration, quick response, just-intime delivery and efficient consumer response that connect the manufacturing with the end customers, businesses are still struggling to eliminate the existence of a warehouse. Thus in order to meet the customer’s requirements warehouse needs to be properly coordinated and maintained.

The following are some of the problems being faced by today’s warehouses: i) Automate all the mechanized or manual operations ii) Satisfy the requirements of the customer without much customization iii) Integration of the warehouse data with supply chain applications iv) Compatible to the costeffective global supply chain.

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CIRCULARITY

From history analysis is clear that logictics has changed dramaticaly over time and warehouses are (or will be) looking for a new use. TT site an ideal area for a future urban and production development with good logistics connections. It has a very rich history and is a very important part of canal area. We also can not forget, as a humankind, to look for a better solutions of how we develope our urban areas and how we produce and consume. Because of that propose to create a new Circular Warehouse. By that we plan to create a building and an environment which will be beneficial for neighbourhood but also whole city of Brussels by adoption ideas of circularity. Place where people might move or even start their own business in circular way.

An inviting public space, where people might spend their time and learn more about circularity. Where people can buy products and use services offered by circular companies which will be renting a space in the building.

We want to create an opportunity for public interaction with circular companies and production in city – in a new, sustainable way. We also define a new access to the building for public and private. From Rue Lefevre we provide the public entrance for collecting the goods from people (public depot), and from the fenced area of harbour we provide secure access to receive goods from companies to store in the storages in the building (private depot). Our proposal for the TIR building is a Circular Warehouse, which will be the place to bring circular economy companies together to produce, store and sell in the united system and to provide a space (Social Interaction Platform) where public and companies can co-operate together and learn from each other.

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CI RC UL AR

WA RE HO US E

PRODUCTION

USER

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COMPANIES ANALYSIS

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SPACE ANALYSIS

TO ACCOMMODATE THESE COMPANIES WE PROPOSE A NEW PROGRAMME AND SPACE INTERVENTIONS OF THE NEW CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE.

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NEW PROGRAMME OF TIR BUILDING C

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SITE

Number of interesting projects has appeared in the neighbourhood.

Sint Ursula school on Rue Lefévre, Green Bizz, which is a hub for circular activities, and Parc farm which connects people from the area.

Gare Maritime and a housing area Tivoli are under construction. These buildings are bringing public to the area of the TIR building. In the future, historical building of Byrrh will provide space for workshops, offices and laboratories for circular economy businesses.

In a future city of Brussels plans to create a new street „Dréve Maritime“ to connect TIR area to the site of Tours and Taxis. We want to use this oporturnity and create a new public square next to this street to enrich public life.

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MASTERPLAN - ACTUAL SITE

Today the area of Port of Brussels is private and the TIR building C is used only for storing goods.

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MASTERPLAN - PROPOSAL

Following the proposal of new street we propose a new public square beside this new street „Dréve Maritime“ and to change a border of private area of Port of Brussels. We found it necessary to demolish office building B. Between the TIR building C and Byrrh is a ramp, which is situated in the direction of future street and interferes with proposed public space. We need to change a position of ramp to make border of private and public clear.

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A WINDOW TOWARDS CIRCULARITY TEAM 2 v

LAURA DOLEŽALOVÁ, MARKÉTA KÁNOVÁ

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A WINDOW TOWARDS CIRCULARITY

We propose a new Circular Warehouse, where we aim to show a new approach to production and community interaction in a circular way.

We aim to create a “Window Towards Circularity”, where people will meet ideas of circularity. A rentable place, where people might move or start their own business. As well a place for public, where people could meet ideas of sustainability and bring these principles and products into their daily life.

We have the intention to transform the TIR building into the Circular Warehouse gradually, because we don’t want actual domestic companies to leave at once, to preserve economical sustainability of the building. We see the biggest potential to start this transformation on the corner of Rue Dieudonné Lefévre and Rue de Molenbeek, because it’s at the cross point of several streets of the neighbourhood and the entrance to the parc.

In the space between the building of Byrrh and the TIR building we plan to design a public space, where people spend their time in a qualitive environment. They also can learn more about circularity and participate during pop-up workshops organized by domestic circular companies but also external ones. Markets might be held in here but also weekend events, occasional screenings or any other community or company events. This square is connected to the park via new street and we will provide a covered promenade under a ramp heading in this direction. This square will be also connected to Social Interaction Platform with cafeteria and rentable space for community or company events or lectures.

We think it’s important to invite people into the building, to get them in touch with circular production and services. We propose to create a Social Interaction Platform, for public to spend their time here in cafeteria and to learn about circularity during lectures and workshops.

This Platform will provide connection between public visitors and private companies. Social Interaction Platform will be a double high passage connecting square, promenade and courtyard. This courtyard will be a space which companies and public might use as a space for co-operations and for finding new social and business connections.

It also might be used as shared space for informal company meetings and as a space for smaller pop-up events organized by domestic companies.

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By creating this Circular Warehouse, we aim to design a qualitive working environment for circular companies. The transformation into a Circular Warehouse will happen in three stages. We will start from the west side, where we see the biggest potential: the corner of Rue Dieudonné Lefévre and Rue de Molenbeek. In a first stage we will redesign one third of the building, to host new functions such as workshops, shops, Social Interaction Platform and necessary facility. There will be also space for storing and arrival of merchandise. We propose to create a new courtyard, to bring natural light into the building. Around this “well of natural light” are going to be positioned workshops and other spaces that need light. In a first stage, the rest two thirds of the building will be left as it is – as a space for storing goods by actual domestic companies.

Our goal is to design an inspiring place, where will progressive and innovative companies work in circular way and to create an inviting environment that will encourage people to find out more about circular way of living.

An inviting environment that will encourage people to find out more about circular way of living.

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HISTORY OF THE TIR BUILDING C

IN 60‘S PROJECT OF THE TIR BUILDING WAS GIVEN A SPECIAL ATTENTION.BECAUSE OF THAT TIR BUILDING C HAS BEAUTIFUL AESTETICS AND WELL DESIGNED STRUCTURE WITH USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY AND MATERIALS.

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GEORGES DE HENS

Georges de Hens was born in Schaerbeek in 1909. He finished his studies on l‘Academie des Beaux arts in Brussels in 1930. In 1932 he realized his first projects in Brussels, mostly residential buildings.

In 1938, He was awarded by the Gillon prize.

He took part in the competition for the design of the Albertine library in the Botanical garden and took the prize of various other competitions, particularly for the design of a department store branch.

In 1956 he built buildings of the food industries of the province danvers.

In 1960 he became a laureat of the prize architecture of the National Institute Of Housing.

He made projects of many apartment buildings, two large housing complexes in the Brussels agglomeration and several school buildings including school of mining in collaboration with Styren and Isacker, and the extension of lyccé.

Between 1957 and 1975 the company of Ports of Brussels orders to him for the realization of the station of the international transport road (TIR) and warehouses of Brussels.

In 1971 George de Hens was awarded the prize of the Royal academy of Belgium.

He was a modernist, with strong opinions about architecture. In an interview for La Maison in 1963 he said: „If the client requests an entrance made of white stone with a column on either side topped with an Ionic capital, know how to put them off or politely refuse your services“

GEORGES DE HENS HAS STRONGLY INFLUENCED APEARENCE OF BRUSSELS WITH A MODERNIST STYLE. IT‘S IMPORTANT TO PROTECT VALUES, WHICH HE HAS CREATED, TO PRESERVE AN ICONIC MEMORIAL OF HIS ERA. 34

ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE

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TITEL FORM OFANALYSIS THE TOPIC

AESTETICS OF BUILDING IS VERY VALUABLE AND IT IS IMPORTANT TO PRESERVE IT AS A CULTURAL MEMORIAL OF BRUSSELS MODERNIST STYLE.

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TITEL OF THE TOPIC STRUCTURE ANALYSIS

SKELET SYSTEM IS EASILY ADAPTABLE FOR THE NEW FUNCTIONS AS WORKSHOPS, SHOPS ETC. 37

CIRCULATION OF GOODS

ground floor

Rue Dieudonné Lefèvre

first floor

Rue Dieudonné Lefèvre

FOR STORING GOODS IS THE MOST VALUABLE SURFACE WITH AN ACCESS FOR TRUCKS ON THE GROUND AND SECOND FLOOR. FOR FIRST AND THIRD FLOOR ARE PROVIDED ELEVATORS. TIR BUILDING IS USED AS A STORAGE. AT THE MOMENT, NOT ALL OF THE SURFACE IS RENTED. 38

STORAGE OCCUPANCY

second floor

Rue Dieudonné Lefèvre

third floor

Rue Dieudonné Lefèvre

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PRESERVE FACADE FROM 60s TO REMAIN CULTURAL VALUE OF THE TIR BUILDING KEEP USEFUL ACCESS TO SECOND FLOOR BY RAMP

DEMOLITION AND RECYCLATION OF BUILDING B CREATE A NEW PUBLIC SQUARE AND A SPACE FOR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PUBLIC AND A NEW CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE

E EV DR

E IM IT R A M

REORIENTATION OF THE RAMP TO CREATE A BETTER POSSIBILITIES TO USE SPACE IN FRONT OF THE TIR BUILDING AND TO CREATE COVERED PROMENADE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE NEW STREET "DREVE MARITIME"

CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE POSITIONED IN PART OF THE BUILDING FROM THE SIDE OF THE NEW STREET AND THE BYRRH BUILDING TO USE THE BIGGEST POTENTIAL OF THE DENSITY OF PUBLIC

PRESERVE STORAGE SPACE AS NECESSARY SPACE OF BUSINESS AND USE IT AS A THERMAL ENVELOPE FOR A NEW FUNCTIONS AS WORKSHOPS. SHOPS, ETC.

CREATE A NEW SECOND SKIN OF THE TIR BUILDING AS A NEW FACE OF THE CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE AND AS A PROTECTION FROM WEATHER CONDITIONS

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NEW SPACIAL ORGANISATION

IN A PART OF THE NEW CIRCULAR WAREHOUSE WE PROPOSE A NEW SPACIAL ORGANISATION FOR CIRCULAR COMPANIES WHICH ARE ORGANIZED ACCORDING TO THEIR DIFFERENT NEEDS. THE OTHER PART OF THE TIR BUILDING WILL BE LEFT UNTOUCHED AND ACTUAL COMPANIES WILL REMAIN THEIR STORING SPACE.

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CIRCULATION OF GOODS

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CIRCULATION OF GOODS

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CIRCULATION OF PEOPLE

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CIRCULATION OF PEOPLE

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SITE OF GROUND FLOOR

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LONGITUDINAL SECTION

SOCIAL INTERACTION PLATFORM WILL BE POSSITIONED ON THE GROUND FLOOR IN THE OVERHEIGHT SPACE AND WILL BE CONNECTED TO THE NEW PUBLIC SQUARE. PEOPLE CAN USE CAFETERIA OR JOIN SOME OF THE LECTURES.

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INNER COURTYARD WILL PROVIDE AN ACCESS OF NATURAL LIGHT AND NATURAL VENTILATION FOR WORKSHOPS. THANKS TO THE CHIMNEY EFFECT HOT AIR WILL BE PUSHED UP TO THE ROOF GARDEN AND THEN OUTSIDE. ROOF GARDEN WILL WORK AS A NATURAL AIR PURIFICATOR AND WILL ALSO GIVE AN OPPORTURNITY FOR NEIGHBOURHOOD TO GROW AND HARVEST CROPS OR TO SPEND TIME IN PLEASANT ENVIRONMENT.

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CROSS SECTION

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TO PROVIDE THERMAL COMFORT AND ACCESS OF NATURAL LIGHT WE PROPOSE TO CREATE TWO GLAZED FACADES. INTERIOR SKIN WILL BE MADE OUT OF USED WINDOWS - ALSO FROM DEMOLISHED BUILDING B. SPACE BETWEEN THESE TWO GLAZED FACADE WILL PROVIDE PREHEATING AND PRECOOLING OF AIR AND WILL ALLOW VERTICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN FLOORS BY STEEL STRAIRCASES.

SECTION - INTERIOR SKIN

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EXTERIOR SKIN WILL BE MADE OUT OF TRANSPARENT PLEXIGLASS AND LIGHT STEEL STRUCTURE. ON THE GROUND FLOOR IS AN INVITING PLATFORM FOR SHOPS AND CAFETERIA. VENTILATION WILL BE PROVIDED BY MANUAL WINDOW OPENINGS ON THE FACADE AND ON THE ROOF. WE PROPOSE TO HARVEST SOLAR ENERGY AND RAINWATER ON THE ROOF.

ELEVATION - EXTERIOR SKIN

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DETAIL OF INTERIOR SKIN SPACE BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND SKIN IS PROVIDED BY LIGHT STEEL STRUCTURE MADE OUT OF USED GREENHOUSES. STAIRCASES AND CORIDORS ARE MADE OUT OF STEEL GRATE TO MAKE SPACE AS LIGHT AND SPACIOUS AS POSSIBLE.

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DETAIL OF COURTYARD TWO SKINS OF WAREHOUSE ARE CAUSING DIFFERENT THERMAL ZONES. BECAUSE OF THAT INNER CLIMATE IS EASILY ADAPTABLE BY NATURAL VENTILATION. WORKSHOPS ARE POSSITIONED AROUND COURTYARDS TO HAVE NATURAL LIGHT.

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66

67

AXONOMETRY - EXTERIOR SKIN

E ÉV R D

E IM T I AR M

RU ED

IEU DO NN

ÉL

EF ÉV R

E

GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

68

69 GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

70

71 GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

AXONOMETRY - INTERIOR SKIN

E ÉV R D

E M TI I AR M

RU ED

IEU DO NN

ÉL

EF ÉV R

E

72 GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

73 GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

74 GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

75 GSPublisherEngine 0.0.100.100

DEMOLITION WASTE STRATEGY

According to the new use of the site, we propose to demolish an office building B and a ramp for decing goods in the second level.

Demolishing an object also consist of dealing with construction waste. We did a reasearch on how we should deal with this issue, set the priorities with reusing and recycling materials. We have set main strategies, we want to follow: 1. Building It Back Into the New Building The best way to recycle construction waste is to integrate it back into the new building or the new building site. While designing inner space, walls are not necessarily demolished. But also elements from building B might be used for needs of building C. Also furniture and sanitary can be easily integrated into design.

2. Local Recycling Center The key word here is local. In our close surrounding there is Interbeton company which is dealing with crushing concrete into agregate.

This agregate might be used for new concrete or for road construction, pawements or landscape shaping.

3. Deconstruction Instead of Demolition The key is to know what we have and what we can use. While dealing carefully with „source“ which is building B, we have to sort materials carefully and then decide if we can reuse some elements od recycle them. Everytime its smart to follow hiearchy of how to deal with waste.

4. Savings Recycling and reusing construction waste is not only a way of helping the planet, but also an opportunity to save money. In buying fewer new materials, recycling waste without having to transport it, or reselling it where is has market value, there are positive economic as well as environmental consequences.

5. Sustainability It‘s always smart to save money and to protect our enviroment. But its not like reusing materilas and recycling them will automaticly lead to such a result. While dealing with reusing - especialy with facade systems we have to keep in mind that using old systems are not always the best solution. When it comes to the thermo comfort and dealing with heating, it might be better to design a new system, which will prevent heat losses and by that be economicaly and enviromentaly sustainable.

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position ramp

element ramp

material concrete steel rebar

builging B

building C

FACADE facade panels thermoinsulation windows

concrete polystyren foam glass aluminum exterior sun shading fabric ROOF asphalth hydroinsulation entrance glass aluminum plastics STRUCTURE concrete steel rebar INTERIOR furniture wooden fabric steel plastic INSTALATIONS radiators steel wires steel plastic pipes copper plastic lights plastic steel glass tiling ceramics wooden floors carpet linoleum tilles ceramics doors wooden steel plastics SANITARY sinks ceramics toilets ceramics showers ceramics steel separating walls bricks slabs concrete walls bricks roof asphalt

how to reuse/recycle agregate for new concrete road construction, foundation recycle agregate for new concrete courtyard glazing shading courtyard glazing

agregate for new concrete

reuse

reuse recycle / reuse recycle reuse

reuse

reuse

reused agregate for new concrete reuse

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SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY LAND AND ECOLOGY - reuse existing building - new public life COMMUNITY - contribution to the economic and social wellbeing of the community - amenity of wider area - social interactions - education - pop-ups - job opportunity - connection with wider area HEALTH - maximum use of natural light - natural ventilation - air purification by plants MATERIALS - use of recycled materials - turn demolished concrete ramp into aggregate and materials for a new square - furniture, sanitary etc. from building B used for equipment - reuse windows from building B ENERGY - energy efficiency - renewable energy resources - natural ventilation - passive solar energy - collecting solar energy with solar panels positioned on the roof - use of plantS for shading and cooling – purify air, add humidity, production, shading, aesthetic, acoustics COOLING - good natural ventilation - heat accumulating materials - water resources (fountains,…)

- chimney effect - strategy – minimizing heat gains, shading, cooling, dispersing - plants

HEATING - heat capture (glazed surfaces) - storage (heat accumulating materials) - retention (compactness, insulation), temperature zones, distribution (hot air is moving) - bioclimate envelope - second skin - thermo insulating curtains to protect heat in workspace - heat accumulating material – bricks and concrete - different thermal zones in building NATURAL LIGHTING - distribution (windows) - control (blinds) - shading - illumination (directly, indirectly) - new courtyard - new glazed façade VENTILATION - chimney effect - natural distribution of air - manual control - energy savings - thermal zones to preheat and precool an air WATER - harvesting rainwater and greywater - minimizing rainwater run-off - dispersing – to cool down space, fountains etc - water treatment unit - storage of rainwater under the new public square SANITARY - reuse tiles, toilets and sinks from building B - use rainwater for flushing, washing hands ELECTRICITY - solar energy 78

CLIMATE ANALYSIS

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TITEL PHYSICAL OF THE MODEL TOPIC

80

TITEL PHYSICAL OF THE TOPIC MODEL

81

TITEL PHYSICAL OF THE MODEL TOPIC

82

TITEL PHYSICAL OF THE TOPIC MODEL

83