Cheam Clarion January 2018

The Cheam

Clarion

NONSUCH PALACE Page 12

ISSUE No. 4 - JANUARY 2018

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YOUR CHANCE TO HAVE YOUR SAY elmont & South Cheam Residents’ Association (BSCRA), South Sutton Neighbourhood Association (SSNA), Shanklin Village Residents’ Association (SVRA) and Carshalton Beeches Residents’ Association (CBRA) have recently formed a Neighbourhood Forum for the specific purpose of creating a Neighbourhood Plan and, most importantly, consulting all residents of the area as to what you want?

The area is facing some imminent threats from re-development and regeneration which will have significant implications and challenges for the local environment, transport infrastructure and local economy of the area which are detailed on page 4.

A Neighbourhood Plan gives communities direct powers to develop a

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shared vision for their neighbourhood. The Plan will sit alongside the Council’s Local Plan policies but give more focus for the well-defined Forum area. To have your say you can email your views to belmontvision@bscra.com or even email if you just want to be added to the Forum’s distribution list. Whatever you do, don’t miss this opportunity to have a real influence on the final Plan which once adopted will steer policy in your area for many years to come.

There is already evidence that pressure from the Forum can create results. One of which is a meeting with the Post Office that has resulted in the likely reinstatement of a Post Office in Belmont. So don’t delay and email belmontvision@bscra.com now!

Richard Milbourn, Editor Email: richard.milbourn@carnah.co.uk

The Cheam Clarion Forthcoming issue dates: Magazine

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JANUARY 2018 3

ALL CHANGE! he Belmont, South Sutton and South Cheam area is currently the subject of imminent and extensive pressure for re-development and regeneration which will have significant implications and challenges for the local environment, transport infrastructure and local economy of the area. This pressure is largely due to the aspirations of the London Borough of Sutton (the Council) and its partners for the old Sutton Hospital site and to regenerate it as the “London Cancer Hub�. This could see the number of employees on the site rise from around 3,000 today to over 10,000 in the future.

Other changes include: • The new Harris Academy Sutton secondary school being built on part of the old Sutton Hospital site • The possibility of a new 500 bed Acute Care Unit on another part of the old Sutton Hospital site • ongoing challenges from developers in the low density residential areas of South Cheam, South Sutton and Carshalton Beeches and their respective Areas of Special Local Character...to name just a few!

All of these pressures, if realised, will have a significant impact on the existing residential and business community within the Belmont, South Sutton and South Cheam area. This, in turn, will put an enormous strain on the local infrastructure and is likely to overload roads, public transport, schools, health facilities, care homes and many more

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aspects of everyday life.

A Forward-Looking Plan With all of these changes on the horizon, it is important that we are on the "front foot" and are not simply overwhelmed with what might happen.

We could simply resist all change in the area and try to maintain the status quo. But this is burying our heads in the sand and not facing up to the inevitable. Also, not everything is perfect in the area now; roads are congested and public transport is poor.

If planned properly, change, and the investment it should bring, could actually make our area better.

However, we must ensure that everyone who lives and works in the local area feels included in these changes and ensure that they result in a better quality of life for all.

We are doing this through the creation of a Neighbourhood Plan.

What is a Neighbourhood Plan?

The Localism Act of 2011 devolves more decision making powers from central government into the hands of individuals, communities and councils. The Act gives communities direct power to develop a shared vision for their neighbourhood through the production of their own Neighbourhood Plan.

Four Residents’ Associations have been working in partnership since 2015 to gain formal recognition from the Council as a Neighbourhood Forum with the right to produce a Neighbourhood Plan. The

B ELM O N T V ISIO N Associations are the Belmont & South Cheam Residents’ Association (BSCRA), the South Sutton Neighbourhood Association (SSNA), the Shanklin Village Residents’ Association (SVRA) and the Carshalton Beeches Residents’ Association (CBRA).

Although we titled this page “Belmont Vision”, it applies to a much larger area than Belmont, but we had to keep the title short!

In January 2016 the Council’s Housing, Economy and Business Committee resolved to formally designate us as a Neighbourhood Planning Forum.

A Vision for our Community A Neighbourhood Plan gives communities direct powers to develop a shared vision for their neighbourhood. Our Plan will sit alongside the Council’s Local Plan policies but give more focus for our well-defined Forum area.

The Plan’s scope will include: • need for new homes • architectural design guidelines • transport infrastructure • local shopping centres • health and leisure facilities We are currently formulating the Neighbourhood Plan’s contents and it is essential that we consult with wider community to get their views. We have already held several public meetings to flush out key areas of concern and a number of common themes are emerging which we will build into our Plan.

When completed, the Plan will be submitted to the Council where it will be independently inspected for soundness. If satisfactory a referendum will be held where all residents within the Forum area get to vote on whether the Plan should be put into force.

WE NEED YOUR INPUT We need to know what you want for our

area and what your views are on our proposals as these emerge. Ideally we would like you to come to our public meetings, but, if you can’t do this, please give us written feedback, preferably by email.

There are over 4,000 households in the Forum’s area and it is not practical for us to notify everyone by door drops every time we have something new to say. If you want to be kept informed, please email belmontvision@bscra.com to be added to our, distribution list, check our website www.belmontvision.co.uk, watch the Belmont Village Noticeboard (Station Road) or talk to your Residents Association’s representative.

TELL US WHAT YOU THINK Below are some open questions that we have posed at previous public meetings. If you weren’t able to make the meetings, please email your feedback NOW to belmontvision@bscra.com.

1. HOUSING • Our Plan needs to identify opportunities for new homes. The Council’s new Local Plan aims to deliver at least 6,405 new homes in the Borough over the next 15 years (427 homes per annum). How many of these could / should be within our area and where? Should we identify sites for future higher density expansion?

• What type of housing demand should we be seeking to provide (flats, family homes, down-sizing accommodation)?

• What should our attitude be towards care homes in our area?

2. DESIGN STANDARDS • South Cheam’s Burton Estates Area of Special Local Character (ASLC) designation has been reinforced by its recently adopted Character Appraisal. Should we have similar C O N T I N U E D O N PA G E 6

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BEL MONT V IS IO N C O N T I N U E D F R O M PA G E 5

documents for the other ASLCs in our area (e.g. Queens Road, South Sutton, Pine Walk etc)?

3. TRANSPORT 3.1 Roads • Which road junctions need improving? (e.g. Downs Road – Cotswold Road, Chiltern Road – Brighton Road, Northdown Road – A217) • Should we propose solutions to reduce rat running through Chiltern Road, Crossways or Belmont Village?

• Is Downs Road fit for purpose; is it dangerous, does it have sufficient capacity for the entrance to a major hospital? If not, what solution would you like to see?

• Would more 20mph zones be desirable?

• Does congestion on Brighton Road need tackling?

• Is there sufficient road capacity for an additional 7,000 employees at the proposed London Cancer Hub? 3.2 Parking • Is parking around schools a problem and if so what would you like to see done about it?

• Is there a lack of parking in Belmont Village?

• Is overnight white van parking a problem; if so, what should we do about it?

3.3 Modes of Transport • What would encourage more people to cycle and/or walk?

• What is needed to make it safer for children to walk to school?

3.4 Public Transport • What commuting services are needed into and out of the area?

• Is there demand for a better train service from Belmont Station; is the service regular enough, does it go to the right places, is there demand for 6 JANUARY 2018

a better weekend service?

• Do we want the Tram to come to Belmont? If so, should this travel along Brighton Road or the railway track?

• We are told buses are overcrowded; which routes need additional capacity?

• Where do you travel to by car that you would travel to by public transport if a suitable service was available?

WE ALSO NEED YOUR THOUGHTS ON… • Making our local retail centres more vibrant • Education, health, social and community infrastructure • Open space improvements Getting your ideas into our Neighbourhood Plan is a tangible way of making things happen. We have spent a lot of time and effort getting ourselves into the position of being able to prepare a plan which the Council has to take notice of. Now we need help to take advantage of this opportunity and to capture ALL of your ideas to make our area better.

EARLY WINS FOR THE NEIGHBOURHOOD FORUM South Cheam’s Burton Estates Area of Special Local Character (ASLC) Design Guidelines A summary of the purpose and content of this document was given in the BSCRA Summer 2017 Newsletter. We are pleased to confirm that this document was formally adopted as planning policy by the Housing, Economy and Business Committee in June 2017 and is now being used in earnest when determining planning applications. We expect to see it being referred to in future Case Officer reports for planning applications in the area. The Character Appraisal is being promoted by the LBS Planning Department as an example of best practice for design guidelines and is C O N T I N U E D O N PA G E 8

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attracting a lot of interest from other resident groups. If you would like your own copy, you can download it from the Council website at: www.sutton.gov.uk/neighbourhoodplanning and then click on the link for Belmont and South Cheam Neighbourhood Planning Documents.

Please let your friends & neighbours know of the existence of the document, especially if you live within the ASLC. Belmont Post Office may re-open One of the themes emerging from our discussions with members about improving our Local Shopping Centres is the reopening of a Post Office in Belmont Village.

The owner of the Pet Stop shop was keen to take this on, but received a disappointing initial response from the Post Office. As a consequence, the Forum wrote to Chief Executive of the Post Office emphasising

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the vibrancy of the Village and the great community spirit that exists there.

This brought about a meeting with the South East Network Development Manager for the Post Office which was very positive.

After the meeting, we had an email from the manager saying “It was a pleasure to meet you and see for myself the thriving community in Belmont Village. I will be working closely with the owner of the Pet Stop with the aim to bring a Post Office back to Belmont Village.”

This all sounds very promising although there are still several hurdles to cross.

However, if all goes well, after 12 years, we may get a Post Office back in Belmont in March 2018. We believe that the status of the Neighbourhood Forum was instrumental in this change of attitude by the Post Office.

Belmont, South Sutton & South Cheam Neighbourhood Forum - Chair Peter Mattey

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LETTER TO TH E ED ITO R

SITE OF CENTURY CINEMA ear Editor, Firstly let me say how much I enjoy reading it that is why I picked up an error in your walk round Cheam Village. The site of the Century Cinema was on the corner of Kingsway but on the opposite side to which you indicate. It was between Kingsway and Ewell Road. I have photographic evidence. I have lived in Cheam all my life.

You might be interested to know that there is a dropped kerb in the Broadway..

People often wonder why! This is because there used to be a very small garage there

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and a petrol pump selling National Benzol petrol was by it in the small alley by the side. Another garage which was very large was Cheam Motors which also included a coach company. This was in Ewell Road where the clock is still located on the office block which was built on its site.

Cheam library used to be located in Park Lane down the lane on the left set back behind what are now black gates.

These are just a few of my memories of Cheam Village.

Kind regards (Name and address withheld)

CHEA M PR O B U S C LU B

JOIN CHEAM PROBUS CLUB Cheam Probus Club is a friendly and sociable lunch club for retired and semi-retired Professional and Business men.

They have some 55 members with ages ranging from early 60s to late 80s. It is an ideal way for those who have spent their working life commuting to London, to socialise with like-minded people who live in the area.

Activities – monthly lunch, two Ladies’ lunches and a visits programme.

Monthly Lunch - They meet on the third Wednesday of each month for a two-course lunch at Cuddington Golf Club and this is followed by a talk from a visiting speaker.

The subjects covered by their speakers are very wide ranging. Future topics include: Lies, Dam Lies & Fracking and Riding into the Sunrise – the Story of the TransSiberian Cycle Expedition

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10 JANUARY 2018

Ladies Lunches - Members'wives and partners are invited to two lunches each year, the one in April and the Christmas Lunch in December.

Visits Programme - They organise about five coach outings per year to which they also invite their wives/partners to join them.

The 2018 programme includes: The People’s Post (visit to the new postal museum and a ride on Mail Rail) and The Gurkha Museum & Jane Austen’s House / Museum.

Further details about the Club and their 2018 Speaker and Visits programmes can be viewed on their website www.cheamprobusclub.org.uk or obtained from the Secretary. If you would like to join the Club or require further information please ring the Club’s Secretary, Michael Fisk on: 020 8393 3777 or e-mail him at: cheamprobus@hotmail.co.uk

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NONSUCH PALACE Nonsuch Palace was a Tudor royal palace, built by Henry VIII in Nonsuch Park, it stood from 1538 to 1682-3 and perhaps the grandest of his building projects

Nonsuch Palace by Hendrick Danckerts n 1538 Richard and Elizabeth Codington sold the manor of Cuddington to Henry VIII, who started building Nonsuch Palace. Henry VIII wiped away the old village of Cuddington including the old manor/mansion house and the church when he started work on Nonsuch Palace and created two parks The Great Park and The Little Park. The Great Park was to the west of modern day London Road and covered about 911 acres - much of what is today Stoneleigh and Worcester Park. The Little Park was about 671 acres and was to the east of modern day London Road, covering what is today the land between Ewell and Cheam (including of course, modern day Nonsuch Park). The total area of the palace grounds was not just limited to the manor of Cuddington as Henry acquired about 150 acres each from the Manors of Ewell and from Malden.

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The original idea behind the Palace was for a hunting lodge attached to Hampton Court Palace. The King would then have hunting grounds stretching from Hampton Court to Walton on the Hill. But soon Henry decided to build a palace to impress foreign kings, particularly the French King Franรงois I, with his wealth and power.

The Palace was built on the site of the original parish church and excavations in 1959 suggest that this church would initially have been just a plain hall (technically an undivided nave and chancel) dating back to the 1100s. The 1100s church was extended and by the time Henry acquired the manor it had some form of tower on its western face.

Close to the old church was the old manor house which together with a barn (approx. 155ft by 36ft), some stables and a wall, complete with gatehouse, formed an enclosed courtyard. The property was

N O N SU C H PA LA C E small and this is reflected in the size of the manor house. The main room, the hall, was only 24ft by 18ft; the house had several bedrooms, three living rooms, 7 servant's rooms, and a kitchen. Of course there would have been a dovecote and kitchen gardens with orchard. Close to the old manor house were four separate farms complete with farmhouses, barns and stables.

Work started on the Palace on Henry's 30th birthday 22 April 1538, when an army of workmen started razing (totally clearing) the site. Building the palace took about 9 years, employed an estimated 500 workmen and after just 7 years had cost £24,536 (about £10.3m at 2008 prices based on RPI). This was much more than Hampton Court Palace which cost approx £16,000 and was about 3 times the size of Nonsuch! Back

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NO N SU CH  PALA CE C O N T I N U E D F R O M PA G E 1 3

taken from Merton Priory which had been surrendered to the Crown on 29th April 1538 as part of the dissolution of the monasteries, and work on dismantling the priory started within a week and soon 3,600 tons of stone were carted away.

It's not certain that all this stone went to Nonsuch but the palace needed a further 96 loads of stone from Reigate, and 364 loads of Liege and Caen stone were carried from Ditton. The palace also used some 259,000 tiles from Kingston and Streatham. Brick and lime kilns were built on site using 5 loads of bricks from Hampton Court. The lime kilns alone consumed 89 loads of lime. Many building supplies arrived from London via the Thames at Kingston including 250,000 nails supplied by just one ironmonger. Surrey and the southeast was scoured for the 1000 loads of timber which included 15,000ft of floor boards.

The palace was relatively small (only 330ft x 165ft) and shaped a bit like a square figure eight 8 as it consisted of two quadrangles sharing a common side.

The main gatehouse was on the North Front and had brick and stone turrets built in the traditional Tudor style. This opened onto the outer courtyard. After crossing the courtyard and passing through the opposite wing you entered the inner courtyard. This was paved with stone and the ground floor walls were also made of stone but the upper floors were mainly stucco reliefs on timber frames. The reliefs, all near life size, were in three tiers - Roman emperors at the top; gods and goddesses in the middle and various scenes at the bottom - the Labours of Hercules on the west side, 14 JANUARY 2018

the Liberal Arts and Virtues on the east side, and Henry VIII together with Prince Edward forming the centre piece of the south side of the inner courtyard. The timber framing was clad with carved slate covered in gold leaf to set off the white reliefs. The South Front had a smaller gatehouse complete with clock, and towers at each end topped by onion-shaped cupolas and weather vanes; this is the face most frequently seen in pictures and drawings. Like the inner courtyard, the exterior of the South Front was covered with stucco reliefs made by William Kendall and his 24 workmen. The king's apartments were on the west of the inner courtyard with the queen's apartments on the east, and a gallery in the south wing. The gardens were formal with several statues and may have included representations of Ovid's Metamorphoses. It was the first major Renaissance building in England.

Many of the Palace workmen were Italian, including Nicolas Bellin of Modena. Bellin had worked at Fontainebleau and is thought to have been responsible for the elaborately carved gilded slates surrounding the stucco reliefs of the Inner Court and on the South Front. It has been suggested that the reason for using Italian workmen was partly to annoy the French King, who was still building Fontainebleau using the skilled craftsmen from Italy.

Bellin was accused of defrauding the French King who asked for his repatriation back to France. Henry refused to do this as Bellin was Italian and not French so this must have been a particularly irritating to the French King!

Contemporary reports suggest that Nonsuch was a stunning building so it is

N O N SU C H PA LA C E

Nonsuch from the North West (Unknown Flemish artist). no wonder that it very soon acquired the reputation of being one without equal in Europe (i.e. there was no such palace ever built before).

Henry VIII died in 1547 before the external decorations of the palace were completed and the Sheriff of Surrey, Sir Thomas Cawarden, was granted a 21year lease by Edward VI on a dwelling and some land in the manor of Cuddington (sometimes now called Nonsuch) in 1547 at a rent of £5.5s.8d or about £1,800 at 2008 prices (based on RPI). Three years later he became Keeper of the King's House of Nonsuch, though this may have referred to the separate banqueting hall (Banketyng House) with its guest rooms. The banqueting hall was located some 300 yards to the south west of the palace.

In 1556 Cawarden's lease ended unexpectedly (possibly confiscated, as in that year he was arrested for conspiracy) and the King's House together with the mansion of Nonsuch and associated land (in Nonsuch, Ewell, Cuddington, and Cheam, and the Little Park of Nonsuch)

was granted to Henry Fitzalan, twelfth Earl of Arundel (and Lord Chamberlain to Henry VIII) by Queen Mary I in exchange for some cash and some estates in Suffolk.

The Earl is said to have completed the Palace and in 1559 entertained Queen Elizabeth there. It was reported that 'her grace had as gret chere every nyght and bankets; but ye sonday at nyght my lord of Arundell made her a grete bankett at ys coste as ever was sene, for soper, bankete, and maske, wt drums and flutes, and all ye mysyke yt cold be, tyll mydnyght; and as for chere, has not bene sene nor heard. On Monday was a great supper made for her, but before night she stood at her standing in the further park, and there she saw a course. At nyght was a play of the Chylderyn of Powlles and theyr mysyke master Sebastian Phelyps and Mr. Haywode; and after, a grete banket, wt drumes and flutes and the goodly bankets and dishes as costely as ever was sene, and gyldyd. . . . My Lord of Old photograph of the front.

C O N T I N U E D O N PA G E 1 6

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NO NS UCH PALA CE C O N T I N U E D F R O M PA G E 1 5

Arundell gayfe to ye Quene grace a cubard of plate.'

The Earl died in 1580 leaving the bulk of his property to his son-in-law Lord Lumley. Lumley built up a splendid library and created the first Italianate garden in England. Queen Elizabeth made further visits to Nonsuch and obviously liked the area as in 1590-2 she purchased the palace and the Little Park in exchange for lands to the value of £534 (say £96,500 at 2008 prices, based on RPI). In 1599 it was said that 'Her Majestie is returned again to None-such, which of all other places she likes best'; and it was on the occasion of this visit that the Earl of Essex, having returned from Ireland without the queen's permission, burst into her bedchamber at ten o'clock in the morning, and though received kindly at the time, was committed four days later to the custody of the Lord Keeper.'

James I, who frequently used the Palace for hunting and racing, appointed Lord Lumley Keeper of the Palace and Little Park. (So the Earl inherited the Manor, then sold it to the crown in the early 1590s only to be appointed about 10 years later to run the manor) Lumley died in 1609, and was succeeded by his nephew, Splandian Lloyd. Meanwhile in December 1606 the Earl of Worcester was appointed Keeper of the Great Park at Nonsuch. There was a lodge in the Great Park which became known as Worcester House and the Great Park gradually became known as Worcester Park.

The manor of Cuddington (excluding Nonsuch Palace and the two parks) stayed in the Lloyd family till 1704 when 16 JANUARY 2018

it passed to Robert Lumley Lloyd, rector of St. Paul's, Covent Garden and the chaplain to the Duke of Bedford. On his death the chaplain bequeathed the manor, and other parcels of land in Surrey, to the Duke. In 1755 the manor was sold by the Duke to Edward Northey of Epsom who also that year bought the manor of Ewell.On 19 September 1603 James I settled Nonsuch Palace and the two parks on his Queen, Anne of Denmark. Queen Anne died on 2 March 1619. By 1623 the elderly and ailing James was planning to marry the his son Charles to the Spanish Infanta Maria and proposed using the Palace as part of the wedding settlement.

However this scheme was soon abandoned due to religious differences and shortly after Charles I came to the throne (27 March 1625) he was married, by proxy, to Princess Henrietta Maria of France on 11 May 1625 (and in person on 13 June 1625). The Palace was formally transferred to Queen Henrietta Maria in 1626. Charles I is known to have made 4 visits to Nonsuch (1625, 1629, 1630, and 1632).

During the Civil War the palace and its estate was confiscated, along with other royal palaces, by Parliamentary Commissioners. Initially it was leased by the Government to Algernon Sidney (at £150pa.) but the Government later decided to use it as a bond against the unpaid wages of Colonel Robert Lilburne's regiment. Lilburne offered Nonsuch Palace and The Little Park to Major-General Lambert who apparently bought it at a discounted price (Lilburne's men would have had to accept just 60% of their unpaid wages).

The Great Park and Worcester House were purchased in 1654-6 by Colonel

N O N SU C H PA LA C E Thomas Pride, who died in 1658 at Worcester House.

At the Restoration Nonsuch Palace and the two parks were restored to Queen Henrietta Maria and at her death Nonsuch Great Park (or Worcester Park) and Worcester House was leased by Charles II to Sir Robert Long for 99 years. One of the conditions of the lease was that Sir Robert should from time to time convert part of the premises into pasture without destroying the trees and bushes, so that the same might become fit for deer in case the king were minded to restore and make the same park a park as formerly.

During the plague of 1665 Nonsuch Palace was taken over as offices for the Exchequer (see also www.epsomandewellhistoryexplorer. org.uk/Pepys.html" Samuel Pepys's diary entries 26/71663, 29/9/1665,

20/11/1665, and 28/11/1665) and in 1670 Sir Robert Long complained that Roundheads and the Exchequer staff had used many of the trees for fuel and timber and generally neglected the estate leaving it in a badly dilapidated state.

Sir Robert Long died in 1673 leaving the lease to his nephew, but despite this Charles II gave the estate to his mistress Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland who became Baroness of Nonsuch.

Barbara dismantled the palace and quickly sold it and its contents to repay some of her gambling debts. (It is said that she lost £20,000, worth about £2.6m at 2008 prices (based on RPI), together with some jewellery in just one nights gambling) She also divided much of the parks into farms.

Peter Reed www.epsomandewellhistoryexplorer.org.uk

020 8642 4918

JANUARY 2018 17

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CHEAM HERITAGE WALK This is the second part of the heritage walk around Cheam which will help you to understand why many of the buildings are listed as of historical and architectural interest and why Cheam Village was designated a conservation area in 1970. The walk begins and ends at 1 Malden Road, Whitehall and takes about an hour.

18 JANUARY 2018

C H E A M H E R I TA G E WA L K

Cheam School in the 19th Century.

White House.

he mock-Tudor 1920s and 1930s shops of The Broadway lead to the cross-roads. On the southeast corner of the cross-roads, which is now a grass enclosure, is the site of the Plough Inn (20), the local public house of the Cheam Brewery (29), which was opposite on the north-west corner. The present Harrow Inn (21), built in 1935, replaced one which is reputed to have been on the site for over four hundred years, and to have included a rival brewery at the back.

Further along the High Street, behind No.23 (Sainsbury’s), where there is now a colonnade on the north side of the road is the site of Cheam Kiln 2 (22). More information is given under No.32 (Cheam Kiln 1). On the corner of High Street and Park Road, where Farnham Court now stands, is the site of White House (23).

Probably built in the late seventeenth century, the house was at one time occupied by the Peirson family who founded a charity for the relief of the local poor.

On land between Dallas Road and Belmont Rise is the site of Cheam School (24). This famous private school was here from 1719 until 1935, when it moved to Headley near Newbury in Berkshire. it was founded in the mid-

seventeenth century by the Revd. George Aldrich, who is reputed to have lived at Whitehall (1). Tabor Court flats which now occupy the ground were named after Robert and Arthur Tabor, father and son, who were successively Headmasters of the school, from 1856 until 1920, and the belfry on top of Tabor Court once formed part of the school buildings. The chapel of the school, now altered, survives as St. Christopher's Catholic Church in Dallas Road. William Gilpin, Headmaster of the school from 1752 to 1777, was an artist and critic whose theory of the picturesque in art led to his characterisation as Dr. Syntax in the satire by William Combe, with famous caricatures by Thomas Rowlandson.

Back along the High Street into Station Way, just before the bridge, is The Old Forge (25). A smithy was established here from 1860 by Moses Barnes and closed in 1926. The forge,

T

The Old Forge.

C O N T I N U E D O N PA G E 2 0

JANUARY 2018 19

C H E A M   H E R I TA G E   WA L K

Cheam Brewery.

Cheam Court Farm.

C O N T I N U E D F R O M PA G E 1 9

one of several in Cheam, had previously been in the pit behind the Railway Inn (26), together with ten cottages which were occupied until 1936.

The railway came to Cheam in 1847, and Cheam Station was one of three in the present Borough opened in that year.

Beyond the railway bridge, on the corner of Sandy Lane and Peaches Close is the tall house formerly called Coldblow (A) which was built in 1889 for Edward Boniface, the local brewer. The house has now been converted into flats.

Past the Railway Inn (26), on the north corner of Kingsway Road where Century House now stands is the site of the Century Cinema (27). This was built in 1937 and closed in 1960, although part of the structure remained until 1990.

Further along Station Way, on the southwest corner with Ewell Road is the site of Cheam Court Farm (28). The farmhouse, which was reputed to date from Tudor times, was demolished in 1929. The ground floor was made of brick, chalk and flint, with stucco-covered timberframing above. Part of the building was demolished in 1845, to make an access road to the station. St. Alban's Church (B), known as the Barn Church, in Gander 20 JANUARY 2018

Green Lane, was constructed of materials from the main barn and 9 Cheam Brewery around 1905 looking west along the Ewell Road outbuildings of the Farm. The dairy business was bought by United Dairies in 1929 and continued nearby in Ewell Road until a few years ago.

On the opposite side of Ewell Road, on the corner of The Broadway, is the site of Cheam Brewery (29). The Brewery claimed to have been established for over 200 years when it ceased brewing a few years before it was demolished in 1921.

From 1876, Edward Boniface who lived in nearby Coldblow (A), is recorded as the brewer. No doubt the brewery's location had been determined by the plentiful supplies of pure water which were available.

The Old Cottage (30), built about 1500, is on the west side of The Broadway, and is probably the surviving wing of a larger structure. The timberframed jettied building formerly stood about halfway between the crossroads and its present site, between Cheam Brewery (29) and the walls of Cheam House estate (31). These were demolished for road widening and eventually this section of the old Malden Road was renamed The Broadway. The Old Cottage was dismantled, moved and re-assembled in its present position in 1922. The original infill of wattle and rye

C H E A M   H E R I TA G E   WA L K

Cheam Park House.

Old Cottage.

dough, covered with plaster, was replaced with concrete, and the building was raised on a brick plinth.

The road named Parkside, off The Broadway, was created on the site of Cheam House (31) when Cheam House was demolished in 1922. The house was built for John Pybus in 1768 and the grounds covered most of the land between Park Lane, Ewell Road and Malden Road. The high gable on the building at the north corner of Parkside and The Broadway bears a coat of arms, so far unidentified.

Parkside also is the site of Cheam Kiln 1 (32). After the demolition of Cheam House, when houses were built in the new road, in April 1923 a medieval kiln and a large number of pottery fragments were found behind No.5 Parkside. More pieces of Cheam pottery were found in the Nonsuch Palace excavation in 1959 and when Cheam Kiln 2 (22) was excavated ten years later. There is a permanent display of Cheam pottery in Whitehall (1), where other fragments were found during the excavation of the back garden in 1978-1980. An excavation in 1990 behind 19 Park Road also revealed pieces of Cheamware.

At the bottom of Parkside is the entrance to Cheam Park in which stood

Cheam Park House (33), built in 1820 for Archdale Palmer, a London tea merchant.

The house was situated on the left hand side of the drive, just where it swings round to the stable yard, and was demolished in 1945 after a flying bomb had landed in the Park. The House and Park were acquired by the Borough on the death of the last owner-occupier, Mrs. Bethell, in 1936, and for some time the area was known as Bethell Park.

The Lodge (34) to Cheam Park House, which stands at the entrance to the Park, has a pedimented porch and stuccoed walls. It dates from about 1820.

Nonsuch Mansion (C) lies in Nonsuch Park, west of Cheam Park, and was built between 1731 and 1743 by Joseph Thompson. The architect, Jeffery Wyatt, later Sir Jeffery Wyatville, enlarged it to its present form as a country home for Samuel Farmer in 1802-1806. A partly Tudor wall may be seen near the house.

The house and the park are administered by the Nonsuch Joint Management Committee of the Borough of Epsom and Ewell and the London Borough of Sutton.

The Service Wing of the mansion has been restored by the Friends of Nonsuch, and is open on certain Sundays. Details are available from Whitehall.

Refreshments are available from the mansion tea room.

A memorial fountain (D), erected in C O N T I N U E D O N PA G E 2 2

JANUARY 2018 21

C H E A M   H E R I TA G E   WA L K

Nonsuch Mansion.

C O N T I N U E D F R O M PA G E 2 1

April 1895 by the Farmer family, stands at the Cheam entrance to Nonsuch Park.

About a mile from Cheam is the site of Nonsuch Palace (E) and the Banqueting House. Henry VIII's magnificent huntinglodge palace was begun in 1538 on the site of Cuddington Village. It was bought from Mary Tudor by Henry Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel, whose son-in-law John, Lord Lumley, is commemorated in the Lumley Chapel (12). The Palace returned to the possession of the monarchy, but fell into decay during the Commonwealth.

In 1670 Charles II granted it to his mistress Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine, who added Baroness Nonsuch to her many titles. She had the building demolished and broke up and sold the parks in 1682-1683. The sites of Nonsuch Palace.

22 JANUARY 2018

Park Lane Cottages.

the Palace and Banqueting House were excavated in 1959 and filled in afterwards. It is possible to follow the outline of the original buildings with the help of three granite pillars on the site.

Turning west from the Lodge (34) up Park Lane, Park Lane Cottages (35) form a picturesque group on one of the original routes through Cheam. At one time they formed part of the Cheam House estate (31). On the south side the brick cottages are mostly late eighteenth century and the timber cottages date from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. No. 23 has an insurance sign for the Royal Insurance Co. and two former carpenter's workshops built in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries may be seen at the top of the road.

Elizabeth House (36) on the north side of Park Lane was built as sheltered accommodation on land which formerly belonged to Whitehall. Its exterior is covered with weatherboarding to match the surrounding timber-covered buildings.

Just beyond Elizabeth House, towards the top of Park Lane, a fine view of Whitehall's rear elevation, featuring a modern sundial on the sixteenth century staircase tower, completes the walk.

This Heritage Walk was originally devised

by Pat Jackson, with the assistance of Sutton Museum and Heritage Service and local residents both past and present.

Specialising in copper tree water features. Individually designed and handmade they are unique down to each handmade leaf. These trees look stunning running or as a piece of fine garden art. It will be the focal point of your garden.

Tel: 01622 675078 Mobile: 07941 429985 Email: thecoppersculptor@btinternet.com www.thecoppersculptor.co.uk

www.roofsofesher.co.uk JANUARY 2018 23

CHE AM & CUD D ING TON H O RT IC U LT’L SO C IETY

125TH ANNIVERSARY FLOWERBED

Volunteers work on the beds. A beautiful day to plant blubs.

part of the celebrations for the 125th Anniversary of our society in 2018, we approached Sutton Parks Department to secure permission to plant a flowerbed in Cheam Park.

Several possible beds were discussed and the major difficulty was that many beds have perennials that cannot be disturbed or moved.

We finally decided on a bed that is situated to the left of the newly refurbished building that will be used as a nursery. It has a low wooden fence at the back and borders the path. The ‘Friends of Cheam Park’ also met to give us their stamp of approval.

Before embarking on the planting we had to create a plan of planting that would allow the bed to look attractive throughout the year.

Richard Bailey and I put our heads

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24 JANUARY 2018

Two very helpful volunteers.

CH EA M & CU D D ING TO N HO RTI C U LT’L SO C IETY

The team gets to work on the beds.

together over several cups of coffee and finalised a planting plan and an order for bulbs and perennials. The hard work began with the digging over the flower bed. It had large clumps of geraniums and an enormous rosemary bush that had to be removed. Ten full black bin bags later it was all gone! We had the help of Rob Baldock and his wife which made the task easier. The border had a strip of turf that butted up to the path which looked scruffy and was full of weeds. We decided to replace the grass with new strips of turf. The next time the four of us met we laid the new turf and finished digging over the bed.

We needed extra help for the planting phase and asked our club members for help. An extra four people met us on a Saturday morning and Richard organised us quickly planting daffodil Actaea, snowdrops, cyclamen, crocus and hyacinths.

Sutton gave us two large bags of `Tete a Tete’ and `Golden Harvest’ daffodils which were distributed in clumps of thirty. In the centre of the bed we marked out a large ‘125’ using Ophiopogon Planescens `Nigrescens’ (black grass) and Carex

Richard Bailey worked on the design and helped with the planting.

Rob Baldock and Nick Clarke planting bulbs.

Hachijoenis Evergold’ (variegated grass).

Another planting session was agreed and we planted mixed Ixia and lily of the valley around the ‘125’ and perennials, alliums, leucojum aestivum, astrantia, eringium, `Dryopteris Filix-mas’ ferns and geraniums. At a later date we will plant some bedding for instant colour. We are currently negotiating a plaque which will stand at the front of the bed to explain to the public the reason for the bed being planted.

Please check our website for news, photos and updates of the development of the flowerbed and further information about the society: www.cheamandcuddingtonhortsoc.org.uk Margaret Fisher JANUARY 2018 25

CHEA M & S U TTON R O TA RY

HELPING SUTTON YOUNG CARERS ach month Cheam and Sutton Rotary allocate one of their meetings to a speaker who will inform and enlighten our members on various current subjects. From time to time we invite representatives of local charities that we support.

Cheam and Sutton Rotary’s December speaker was Melanie Walles (right) from Sutton Young Carers.

She gave a very educational update on what the local team of 3 do in the Borough.

We learnt from Melanie that on average there are twelve youngsters in every school (two in each class) who are providing various levels of care to a family member. This equates to over 175,000 young carers countrywide.

Another interesting information was about one three year old who knows how to dial emergency services when her mother has a seizure.

Invariably, the youngsters who take the role of being a young carer, "give up" a lot of their youth and miss out on many activities that their peers consider normal. e.g. time for sport, clubs, dances and just "hanging out".

Support is given until the age of 18. The youngsters are supported to the level that they need, not only by the part-council funded team, but also by interaction with their peers. These sessions are arranged by the team. The entire project is

E

underfunded and relies on the support of organisations like Rotary for help.

Cheam and Sutton Rotary have been supporting the Sutton Young Carers for many years. Sometimes it is a special outing (Disneyland in Paris; an evening of 10 pin bowling).

At other times the Club pays for training sessions that are requested by the youngsters themselves. Last year it was a seminar on bullying which generated a lot of interaction among the youngsters themselves with several scenarios being acted out, leading to a clearer understanding of, and practical advice on, how to deal with bullying.

This year the youngsters have asked for training in First Aid. All part of "Rotary in Action”, the arrangements for the First Aid training are in progress.

Our upcoming Quiz Night on January 19th is an activity which aims to raise funds for Youth Charities, including the Young Carers, Kids Out programme and the Young Photographer Competition. www.facebook.com/rotarycheamsutton JANUARY 2018 27

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WHAT’S ON & SPORT Cheam & Sutton Rotary Quiz Night Friday 19th January 7pm, Sutton Grammar School, School Hall, Manor Lane, Sutton SM1 4AS £12 per person including fish and chip supper. For more information and tickets contact garymiles2@hotmail.co.uk or phone 07801616112 with number of people (6 to 8 maximum), with fish and chip order before Monday 15th January.Raffle will take place on the night.

Cheam Cricket Club are seeking players for next season. We have four saturday teams, two sunday teams and a colts section. Please contact our secretary Alasdair@cheamcricketclub.com We would also like to speak to any businesses or corporates who may be interested in sponsorship.

Want to trace your Family Tree or discovver more off the history of Epsom and Ewell Our Volunteers can help you

This is a FREE service so do com me and see us at: Ewell Librrarryy, Bourne Hall, Spring Strreet, Ewell KT17 1UF For openiing times and fuurrtthher inffoormation see our website www.E EpsomandEwellHistoryEx oryE Explorer.org.uk org uk.

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