The Spectrum - Issue 10 (2020)

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THE SPECTRUM 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

12. 13. 14.

15. 16. 17. 18.

19. 20. 21. 22.

Ibid. Jerzy Herdzik, ‘Methane Slip During Cargo Operations on Lng Carriers and Lng-Fueled Vessels’, New Trends in Production Engineering 1 (10/01 2018): 293-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2018-0036.; Ted Nace, Lydia Plante, and James Browning, ‘The New Gas Boom: Tracking Global Lng Infrastructure’, Global Energy Monitor, 2019. IEA, ‘Gas’, Paris: International Energy Agency, 2020.; IGU, ‘2019 World Lng Report’, International Gas Union, 2019.; McKinsey, ‘Global Gas and Lng Outlook to 2035’, McKinsey & Company, 2019. IPCC, ‘Special Report: Global Warming of 1.5 ºc.’, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2018. Shell, ‘Sky Scenario - Meeting the Goals of the Paris Agreement’, 2018. McKinsey, ‘Global Gas’, McKinsey & Company, 2019.; Jonathan Stern, ‘Challenges to the Future of Lng: Decarbonisation, Affordability and Profitability’, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2019. Alvarez, Zavala-Araiza, Lyon, Allen, Barkley, Brandt, Davis, et al. ‘Assessment of Methane Emissions’, Science 361, no. 6398 (2018): 186.; IEA, ‘Gas’, Paris: International Energy Agency, 2020. https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/gas. McKinsey, ‘Global Gas’, McKinsey & Company, 2019.; Stern, ‘Challenges to the Future of Lng’, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2019. Ted Nace, Lydia Plante, and James Browning, ‘The New Gas Boom: Tracking Global Lng Infrastructure’, Global Energy Monitor, 2019.; Karen C. Seto, Steven J. Davis, Ronald B. Mitchell, Eleanor C. Stokes, Gregory Unruh, and Diana Ürge-Vorsatz, ‘Carbon Lock-In: Types, Causes, and Policy Implications’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources 41, no. 1 (2016): 425-52. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085934. Herdzik, ‘Methane Slip During Cargo Operations’, New Trends in Production Engineering 1 (10/01 2018): 293-99.; Nace, Plante, and Browning, ‘The New Gas Boom’, Global Energy Monitor, 2019. Nace, Plante, and Browning, ‘The New Gas Boom’, Global Energy Monitor, 2019.; Seto, Davis, Mitchell, Stokes, Unruh, and Ürge-Vorsatz, ‘Carbon Lock-In’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources 41, no. 1 (2016): 425-52. Nikita Pavlenko, Bryan Comer, Yuanrong Zhou, Nigel Clark, and Dan Rutherford, ‘The Climate Implications of Using Lng as a Marine Fuel’, International Council on Clean Transportation, 2020.; Volker Quaschning, Renewable Energy and Climate Change, 2010. doi:10.1002/9781119994381. API, ‘Lng Operations’, Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute, 2015.; Quaschning, Renewable Energy, 2010. Ibid. Herdzik, ‘Methane Slip During Cargo Operations’, New Trends in Production Engineering 1 (10/01 2018): 293-99; Nace, Plante, and Browning, ‘The New Gas Boom’, Global Energy Monitor, 2019. Alvarez, Zavala-Araiza, Lyon, Allen, Barkley, Brandt, Davis, et al. ‘Assessment of Methane Emissions’, Science 361, no. 6398 (2018): 186.; Seto, Davis, Mitchell, Stokes, Unruh, and Ürge-Vorsatz, ‘Carbon Lock-In’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources 41, no. 1 (2016): 425-52. Herdzik, ‘Methane Slip During Cargo Operations’, New Trends in Production Engineering 1 (10/01 2018): 293-99.; Shell, ‘Sky Scenario’, 2018. Pavlenko, Comer, Zhou, Clark, and Rutherford, ‘The Climate Implications of Using Lng as a Marine Fuel’, International Council on Clean Transportation, 2020.; Stern, ‘Challenges to the Future of Lng’, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2019. Herdzik, ‘Methane Slip During Cargo Operations’, New Trends in Production Engineering 1 (10/01 2018): 293-99.; Nace, Plante, and Browning, ‘The New Gas Boom’, Global Energy Monitor, 2019. Pavlenko, Comer, Zhou, Clark, and Rutherford, ‘The Climate Implications of Using Lng as a Marine Fuel’, International Council on Clean Transportation, 2020.; Stern, ‘Challenges to the Future of Lng’, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2019.

Short-term Solutions to Water Scarcity in India

Illustration (Page 62): https://gatherandgrowdotorg.wordpress.com/2013/07/25/ the-chauka-system-an-innovative-method-of-water-harvesting/ by the UNICEF Office for Rajasthan and GVNML. 1. K. Lakshmi, ‘Chennai to End the Year on a Dry Note’, The Hindu, 30 December 2020. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/city-to-end-the-year-on-adry-note/article25862167.ece, accessed 6 June 2020. 2. Stephanie Findlay, ‘No End to Crisis in Sight as Drought Grips India’s Chennai’, Financial Times, 04 August 2019. https://www.ft.com/content/51007944-b45611e9-bec9-fdcab53d6959 Accessed 21 December 2019. 3. Mikaela Viqueira, ‘Water Mafia Thrives as India Faces Growing Water Crisis’, EFE, 09 July 2019. https://www.efe.com/efe/english/life/water-mafia-thrives-as-indiafaces-growing-crisis/50000263-4018836, accessed 21 December 2019. 4. Niti Aayog, Composite Water Management Index (New Delhi: Niti Aayog, 2018). https://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/2018-05-18-Water-index-Report_vS6B.pdf, accessed 11 November 2019. 5. United Nations, ‘World Population Prospects 2019: Highlights’, Department of Economic and Social Affairs ST/ESA/SER.A/423. New York, NY: United Nations. https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2019_Highlights.pdf, accessed 07/06/2020. 6. Masood Ahmed and Eduardo Araral, ‘Water Governance in India: Evidence on Water Law, Policy, and Administration from Eight Indian States’, Water (MDPI) 11, no. 10 (2019): 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11102071, accessed 12 November

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26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

2019. Ibid. ‘The Human Right to Water and Sanitation’, United Nations. https://www.un.org/ waterforlifedecade/human_right_to_water.shtml, accessed 21 December 2019. ‘Goal 6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for all’, United Nations. https://www. un.org/sustainabledevelopment/water-and-sanitation/, accessed 21 December 2019. Water Aid, The State of the World’s Water 2018, (London: Water Aid) https:// washmatters.wateraid.org/publications/the-water-gap-state-of-the-worlds-water, accessed 7 June 2020. J. Maurer, J. Schaefer, S. Rupper and A. Corley. ‘Acceleration of Ice Loss across the Himalayas over the past 40 Years’, Science Advances 5, no. 6 (2019): 1-12 ,accessed 10 November 2019. Ibid. Damian Carrington, ‘A Third of Himalayan Ice Cap Doomed, Finds Report’, Guardian, 4 February 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/ feb/04/a-third-of-himalayan-ice-cap-doomed-finds-shocking-report, accessed 21 December 2019. Bharat Sharma and Devesh Kumar, ‘Impact of climate change on water resources and glacier melt and potential adaptations for Indian agriculture’, New Delhi: International Water Management Institute, 2008. All India, ‘Jal Shakti Ministry Gets Rs 28,261 Crore Budget Allocation’, NDTV, 05 July 2019. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/budget-2019-jal-shakti-ministry-gets-rs-28-261-crore-allocation-in-2019-union-budget-2065028, accessed 11 November 2019. Ministry of Jal Shakti. ‘Interlinking of Rivers’, Government of India. http://mowr. gov.in/schemes-projects-programmes/schemes/interlinking-rivers. Nilanjan Ghosh, ‘River-Linking Is A Myth’, Observer Research Foundation, 02 April 2019. https://www.orfonline.org/research/river-linking-is-a-myth-49494/, accessed 11 November 2019. Ibid. Manu Balachandran, ‘Why India’s $168 Billion River-Linking Project Is A Disaster-In-Waiting’, Quartz India, 18 September 2015. https://qz.com/india/504127/ why-indias-168-billion-river-linking-project-is-a-disaster-in-waiting/. Sharad K. Jain, ‘Water Resources Management in India – Challenges and the Way Forward’, Current Science 117, no. 4 (2019): 569-576. doi: 10.18520/cs/v117/ i4/569-576. World Bank, ‘Helping India Manage Its Complex Water Resources’, World Bank, 22 March 2019. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2019/03/22/helping-india-manage-its-complex-water-resources, accessed 10 November 2019. World Wide Fund for Nature. ‘More Rice with Less Water: SRI - System of Rice Intensification’, (Patancheru: WWF, 2007), 23-27. Ramasamy Selvaraju, ‘System of Rice Intensification (SRI)’, Presented at the Fifth annual Investment Days, Rome, Italy, 17 December 2013. http://www.fao.org/ fileadmin/templates/tci/pdf/Investment_Days_2013/17_December/1c._System_ of_Rice_Intensification__SRI__-_Selvaraju.pdf, accessed 7 June 2020. John Vidal, ‘The Miracle Method for Sustainable Rice – and Bigger Harvests’, Guardian, 30 January 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/jan/30/miracle-method-sustainable-rice-scientists-dismissed. The Hindu Business Live, ‘Shift to Less Water-Intensive Crops, TN Govt Tells Farmers’, The Hindu, 15 January 2019. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/ economy/agri-business/shift-to-less-waterintensive-crops-tn-govt-tells-farmers/ article9657248.ece. Ibid. Asian Development Research Institute, ‘India Water Facts: Water Resources of India’, ADRI. https://www.adriindia.org/adri/india_water_facts, accessed 21 December 2019. Lucy Rodina, ‘Water Resilience Lessons from Cape Town's Water Crisis’, Wires Water (2019): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1376, accessed 11 November 2019. Ministry of Water Resources, ‘National Water Policy (2012)’, Government of India, 2012. http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/NWP2012Eng6495132651_1.pdf, accessed 11 November 2019. Hindustan Times, ‘Free supply scheme helped Delhi save on water, says Manish Sisodia in budget speech’, 27 February 2019, accessed 11 November 2019. Ibid. Ibid. Gita Kavarana, ‘The Value of a Raindrop: Traditional RWH Systems in the Arid and Semi-Arid Regions Of Rajasthan’, Centre for Science and Environment, 2006. http://web.sahra.arizona.edu/unesco/allepo/RegionalKavarana.pdf, accessed 11 November 2019.

Green future for a Blue European Sky: Policy proposal to reform the European Emissions Trading Scheme 1. 2.

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Transport & Environment (2019). How to reduce airline emissions | Transport & Environment. Available online at: https://www.transportenvironment.org/whatwe-do/aviation-and-eu-ets, accessed 24 November 2019. Mobility and Transport. (2019). EU Aviation: 25 years of reaching new heights Mobility and Transport - European Commission. Available online at: https://ec.europa.eu/transport/modes/air/25years-eu-aviation_en, accessed 24 November 2019; Airports Council International. (2019). Fast Facts | ACI EUROPE. Available online at: https://www.aci-europe.org/policy/fast-facts.html, accessed 24 November 2019. De Clara, S. & Mayr, K. (2018). ‘The EU ETS phase IV reform: implications for


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