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;flxTo / ahf/ cd/ lu/L ;flxTo dfq xf]Og cfh snfsf ;a} ¿kx?sf] ahf/Ls/0f x'bF } 5 . l;ª\uf] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] tLj| ultdf ahf/Ls/0f x'Fb} 5 . dg'iosf] j:t's/0f -sdf]l8lkms];g_ nfO{ ahf/Ls/0fsf] Ps cª\usf ¿kdf lnOG5 . dg'iosf] j:t's/0f dg'ionfO{ p;sf] ;f/tTTjaf6 Ro't ub}{ ahf/ cg'sn " sf] k|f0fLdf abNg] k|lqmof xf] . xfdL sxfF ljsl;t x'bF } u/]sf] pkef]Stfjfbn] s;/L g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ahf/Ls/0f x'bF 5 } eGg] oyfy{nfO{ b]vfpF5 . xfdL qmdzM ahf/sf cufl8 sdhf]/ x'bF } 5f},F ahf/n] xfdLnfO{ lgwf{l/t / lgoldt ub}{ 5 . xfd|f ljrf/, efjgf, :jKg, ;+jb] gf, pb\bZ] o, ultzLntf cflb ;a}sf] lgdf{tf / lgwf{/ssf ¿kdf ahf/ plePsf] 5 . xfdLn] xf]Og, xfd|f] cfjZostf ahf/n] lgwf{l/t ub}{ 5 . o:tf] nfU5, xfdL ahf/sf] s7k'tnLdf ¿kfGtl/t ePsf 5f}F . p;}n] xfdLnfO{ cfkm" v';L grfpF5, x;fpF5 / ?jfpF5 . afN6/ a]Ghfldgsf] efiffdf eGbf ahf/ xfd|f lglDt Ps ;'Gb/ …:jKgnf]sÚ ag]sf] 5 . xfdL To; …:jKgnf]sÚdf /dfpg / Ps gofF ;+;f/sf] /rgf ug{ rfxG5f}F . cfh ahf/sf] …hfb"Ú ce"tk"j{ 5 . hfkfgsf] 6f]lsof]bl] v cd]l/sfsf] Go"cf]s; { Dd o;nfO{ ;dfg ¿kdf cg'ej ug{ ;lsG5 . dg'io cfˆgf] Oltxf;df ahf/sf cl3 olt lg¿kfo / lg/Lx o; cl3 slxNo} ePg . ahf/ cfh ;a}eGbf zlStzfnL, jr{Zjsf/L / lg0ff{os /x]sf] 5 . cy{zf:qL lu/Lz ld> ahf/sf] cf/De w]/} klxn] ePsf] pNn]v u5{g\ . >dsf] ljefhg / ljz]ifLs/0fsf] k|lqmofdf ahf/ cl:tTjdf cfPsf] lyof] / lj:tf/} ljsl;t x'g cf/De u/]sf] lyof] . ld>sf cg';f/ 5 xhf/ jif{eGbf cl3 g} ahf/sf] k|f/lDes :j¿k cl:tTjdf cfpg cf/De u/] klg ahf/ k|0ffnLsf] hGdsf] ;ª\st] eg] 5 xhf/ jif{

O;f k"js { f] ;]/f]km]/f]df d];f]kf]6fldof ePsf] kfOG5 .

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x]/s ] f 5g\ . kljqtfjfbL o; b[li6sf]0fsf] d"ndf cg}lts ¿kdf wd{ cfh{g ug'{ unt x'G5 / ahf/ cg}lts ¿kdf wg cfh{g ug]{ Ps dfWod xf] eGg] wf/0ff lyof] . gLltjfbL of] wf/0ff klZrddf dfq xf]Og k"jd { f klg kfOG5 . klZrddf !! cf}F ztfAbLb]lv o; b[li6sf]0fdf kl/jt{g cfpg ;'? u¥of] . o; kl/jt{gsf] cfwf/ kl/jlt{t kl/l:ylt lyof] . cfly{s, ;fdflhs kl/jt{gn] ahf/ / Jofkf/nfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0fdf kl/jt{g Nofof] . gLltjfbL b[li6sf]0fsf] 7fpF cfjZostfsf] cjwf/0ffn] lng yfNof] . ahf/nfO{ ;Ddfghgs ¿kdf x]g{ ;'? ul/of] . of] ahf/ / jfl0fHonfO{ x]g]{ k'/fgf] gLltjfbL wf/0ffdf cfPsf] dxTTjk"0f{ kl/jt{g lyof] . ahf/ cfˆgf] k|f/lDes cj:yfdf dfq xf]Og k'h F Ljfbsf] pbo x'g' cl3;Dd klg Tolt c;fdflhs lyPg, hlt k'FhLjfbsf] cf/Dekl5 x' g ;' ? u¥of] . ahf/ ;dfhsf] cfjZostf lyof] . oxL cfjZostf o;sf] hGdsf] sf/0f lyof] . ;dfhsf] cfjZostfaf6 cl:tTjdf cfPsf] ahf/ k'h F Ljfbsf] ljsf; ;Fu;Fu} qmdzM lga{Gw / lg0ff{os aGg cf/De u¥of] . ahf/sf] s]Gb|df ;dfh / ;dfhsf] cfjZostf xf]Og JolSt / JolStsf] j}ejsf] cfsfª\Iff / :jKg cf?9 x'g cf/De u/] . ahf/nfO{ lnP/ slyPsf] …;[hgfTds Wj+zÚ sf] ldys xf:of:kb b]lvg yfNof] . k|fs\– cfw'lgs ;dfhdf g t ahf/ d'St lyof] g t lg0f{ofTds t/ k'h F Ljfbsf] ljsf;n] o; l:yltnfO{ abNof] . ;j{k|yd P8d l:dyn] d'St ahf/sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cufl8 ;f/] . P8d l:dyn] ahf/dfly x'g] afXo x:tIf]ksf] cfnf]rgf dfq u/]gg\ d'St ahf/sf] kIfdf b[9tfk"j{s pleP klg . pgsf] b[li6sf]0f j}lZjs ¿kd} d'St ahf/sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ nfu' ug'{ kg]{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . pgn] cufl8 ;f/]sf] b[li6sf]0fsf] cfnf]rgf pgsf ;dsfnLgx?af6} eof] . o; k|sf/sf] k'FhLjfbL ahf/ cjwf/0ffsf] ;a}eGbf ltvf] cfnf]rgf dfS;{–Pª\uN] ;n] u/]sf 5g\ . dfS;{–Pª\uN] ;n] k'h F LjfbL ahf/n] dg'ionfO{ qmo–ljqmosf] j:t'df ¿kfGtl/t u¥of] dfq eg]sf 5}gg\, o;n] dg'iodf cGtlg{lxt dfgjLo kIfnfO{ klg ;dfKt u¥of] eg]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] ljrf/ JolStut nfedf cfwfl/t ahf/n] dg'iosf] …:jÚ

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k|1f–ultljlw

nfO{ gi6 u¥of] / ;Lldt k'FhLkltx?sf lglDt nfebfos aGof] eGg] /x]sf] 5 . dfS;{–Pª\uN] ;n] ahf/sf] s]xL kIfsf] k|z;+ f klg u/]sf 5g\ t/ ahf/af6 k'h F LjfbL ju{n] g} ;a}eGbf a9L kmfObf lnG5 eGg] pgLx?sf] ;':ki6 b[li6sf]0f /x]sf] kfOG5 . dfS;{– Pª\uN] ; sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf eG5g\ M h'g k]zfsf af/]df cfh;Dd dflg;x?sf dgdf cfb/ / >4fsf] efjgf lyof], tL ;a}sf] k|efd08n k'h F Lklt ju{åf/f l5lgPsf] 5 . 8fS6/, jlsn, k'/f]lxt, j}1flgs, slj ;a}nfO{ p;n] cfˆgf] Hofnfbf/L dhb'/ agfPsf] 5 . === k'FhLklt ju{n] kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw ;DaGwL efj'stfsf] kbf{nfO{ Roft]sf] 5 / kfl/jfl/s ;DaGwnfO{ b|Josf] ;DaGwdf ¿kfGtl/t u/]sf] 5 . dfS;{–Pª\uN] ;sf oL sygx?n] k'h F Ljfbåf/f lgld{t d'St ahf/sf] ;f/tTTjnfO{ :ki6 u5{g\ . ahf/n] JolStsf] j}olSts d"NonfO{ dfq gi6 u/]sf] 5}g, p;nfO{ ljlgdosf] j:t' klg agfPsf] 5 . k'h F Ljfbsf ljleGg r/0fdf ahf/sf] rl/qdf kl/jt{g cfPsf 5g\ . cf}Bf]lus k'h F Ljfbdf cfO k'Ubf ;dfh / ahf/sf lar ltvf] åGå b]lvg yfNof] . of] åGå >dsf lglDt ahf/sf] lgdf{0f;Fu} hf]l8Psf] lyof] . cf}Bf]lus k'h F Ljfbsf sf/0f ;[lht gofF cy{ Joj:yfsf lglDt >d ahf/sf] cfjZostf lyof] . o;sf] ;ª\st] k'h F Ljfbsf] ljsf;sf] k|yd r/0fdf b]lvP klg c7f/f}F ztfAbLdf cfP/ dfq of] :ki6 eof] / ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf cufl8 cfof] . cfhsf] ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] ;fOgf] oxL c7f/f} ztfAbLsf] ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf;Fu hf]l8G5 . sltko ljrf/sx? d' S t ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfnfO{ gjpbf/jfb;Fu dfq ufF;/] x]g{] uNtL u5{g\ . cfhsf] ahf/ cy{tGqsf cflbu'? P8d l:dy g} x'g\ / pgsf ljrf/x? o; ;Gbe{df clxn] klg sf];9] ª' u\ fsf ¿kdf /x]sf 5g\ . Oltxf;df dhb'/ ju{sf] cfudg / ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] cf/De ;Fu;Fu} ePsf] lyof] . ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf k'h F Lsf] ;ª\sG] b|0f, d'gfkmf / ;:tf] >d;Fu hf]l8Psf] lyof] . sfn{ kf]NofgLn] u|6] 6«fG;km/d];g eGg] cfˆgf] k':tsdf oxLFaf6 lghL If]qsf] /fHok|lt cljZjf; a9\of] / cfˆgf] lga{Gw e"ldsfsf] vf]hL cf/De eof] eg]sf 5g\ . ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf / o;sf] d'gfkmf s]lGb|t rl/qsf]

kl/0ffd To; a]nfsf] la|l6; ;dfhdf k|:6 ¿kdf b]Vg ;lsG5 . O;fO{ wd{ / g}ltstfdf ljZjf; ug]{ la|l6; ;dfhsf] rl/qdf o;n] ulx/f] k|efj kf¥of] / 7'nf] kl/jt{g Nofof] . la|l6; ;dfhdf O;fO{ g}ltstf qmdzM sdhf]/ aGg cf/De u¥of] . d'gfkmf / wg cfh{g hLjgsf] k|d'v ceLi6 aGg yfNof] . ;fWosf lglDt ;fwg klg kljq x'g' k5{ eGg] wf/0ff sdhf]/ aGg cf/De u¥of] . O;fO{ g}ltstfn] cg'lrt tl/sfn] c¿nfO{ xfgL k'¥ofP/ wg cfh{g ul/g] s'/fnfO{ cg}lts / alh{t 7fGYof] . of] wf/0ff qmdzM sdhf]/ x'Fb} uof] . of] ahf/ d"Noåf/f cGo d"Nox?sf] lj:yfkg lyof] . of] cGo d"Nox?dfly ahf/ cf?9 x'g] k|lqmofsf] cf/De lyof] . o:tf] cj:yf la|l6; ;dfhsf] dfq lyPg, cf}Bf]lus ;dfhdf ablnFb} u/]sf cGo o'/f]k]nL ;dfhsf] klg lyof] . c7f/f}F ztfAbLsf] pTt/fw{bl] v pGgfO;f}F ztfAbLsf] cGTo;Dd cfO k'Ubf o'/f]kdf ahf/sf] jr{Zj lgs} Jofks / alnof] ag]sf] kfOG5 . o;n] k'h F Lklt ju{nfO{ cem a9L d'gfkmfd'vL, s7f]/ / lgb{oL agfof] . ahf/ p;sf lglDt h] vf]h] klg kfOg] efF8f] h:t} aGof] . o;n] h'g kl/l:ylt / lje]bnfO{ hGd lbof] o;nfO{ a]Dhfldg l8h/fonLsf] pkGof; l;ljndf cToGt /fd|f];Fu lrq0f ul/Psf] 5 . l8h/fonLn] To; a]nfsf] la|l6; ;dfhdf b]lvPsf] g}lts ktg, ;+jb] gxLgtf / ju{ lje]bnfO{ cfˆgf] pkGof;df ;hLj cleJolSt lbPsf 5g\ . pgsf] cg'el" t la|6g] Pp6} /fi6« eP/ klg b'O{ j6f /fi6«df ablnPsf] h:tf] 5 eGg] lyof] . ;g\ !(!$ ;Dd cfO k'Ubf ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf ljZjJofkL ¿kd} alnof] aGof] . /fHo / ahf/larsf] cGtlj{/f]w cem ulx/f] eof] . p;sf lglDt /fHosf gLlt, lgod / lgoGq0f aGwgsf/L cg'ej x'g yfn] . ahf/ /fHosf] lgoGq0faf6 k"0f{t d'St x'g rfXof] . :jlgoldt, :jlgb]l{ zt / :jlgolGqt x'bF } u/]sf] ahf/n] d'St ahf/sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cem alnof] agfof] . ahf/n] ;a} j:t'nfO{ vl/b laqmL ug{ ;lsg] j:t'df ¿kfGtl/t u¥of] . pTkfbg cfjZostf;Fu sd / d'gfkmf;Fu a9L hf]l8of] . snfsf ;a} ¿kx?nfO{ ahf/ cg'sn " agfpg yflnof] . pGgfO;f}F ztfAbLsf] k'5f/lt/af6 ljsl;t x'g yfn]sf] …nf]slk|o snfÚnfO{ o; ;Gbe{df klg x]g{ ;lsG5 . …nf]slk|o snfÚ

clehft snfsf] k|ltjfb sd / ahf/ cg'sn " sf] snf a9L lyof] / /x]sf] 5 . d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] uDeL/ gsf/fTds kl/0ffd k| y d ljZjo'4kl5 b]vf kg{ cf/De u¥of] . ;g\ !(#) sf] dxfdGbL d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf;Fu klg hf]l8Psf] lyof] . ;g\ !(!& sf] ;f]leot ;dfhjfbL qmflGt, k|yd ljZjo'4 / dxfdGbLn] pbf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf uDeL/ ax;nfO{ hGd lbof] . lsG; o; ax;sf Ps cu|0fL JolStTTj lyP . lsG;n] P8d l:dysf s}of}F cy{zf:qLo cjwf/0ffx?sf] uDeL/ k|ltjfb u/] . ahf/ :jlgoldt / :j;~rflnt x'G5 eGg] P8d l:dysf] wf/0ffs} kl/0ffd dxfdGbL lyof] eGg] lgisif{ lsG;sf] lyof] . lsG; cy{zf:qsf] cWoogsf lglDt Go'6gsf] ef}lts zf:q ;DaGwL cjwf/0ffsf] cg';/0fnfO{ unt 7fGy] . Snfl;s cy{zf:qnfO{ Go'6gsf] ef}lts zf:q ;DaGwL cjwf/0ffsf] cg's/0f dfq 7fGg] lgs} cy{zf:qLx? 5g\ . Go'6gsf] ef}lts zf:qdf ljZjsf] kl/sNkgf c;ªVo :jtGq c0f'x?sf] Ps ;+k'hsf ¿kdf ul/Psf] 5, h;nfO{ u'?Tjfsif{0fsf] lgodn] ;Gt'lnt ug]{ u5{ . k[ys cl:tTjx? u'?Tjfsif{0fsf lgodaf6 ;Gt'lnt 5g\ / Ps ljZjsf] kl/sNkgf ;Dej 5 eGg] b[li6sf]0f Go'6gsf] lyof] . P8d l:dy cfly{s hut\df klg leGg leGg k|lt:kwL{ cl:tTjnfO{ d'St k|ltof]lutfaf6 ;Gt'lnt ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] 7fGy] . d'St ahf/n] oxL e"ldsf ;Dkfbg u5{ eGg] pgsf] wf/0ff lyof] . cfly{s ;d'Gglt, /f]huf/L / pTkfbgsf lglDt pgL o;nfO{ clgjfo{ 7fGy] . lsG;n] d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] 7fpFdf /fHo lgolGqt cy{ Joj:yfsf] cjwf/0ff cufl8 ;f/] . lsG;]nL cjwf/0ffs} cfwf/df låtLo ljZjo'4kl5 klZrddf cfly{s ;d[l4 cfof] eGg]x? lgs} 5g\ . ;g\ !(&) sf] bzsaf6 lsG;sf cfly{ s cjwf/0ffx? dfly uDeL/ k|xf/ x'g cf/De u¥of] . vf; u/L l;sfuf] :s'nsf cy{zf:qLx?n] pgsf cjwf/0ffx? dfly uDeL/ k|xf/ u/] . lsG;]nL cjwf/0ffdf cfwfl/t cy{ Joj:yfsf af/]df ;g\ !(*) sf] cf/Delt/af6 k'glj{rf/ ug{ ;'? ul/of] . ;g\ !(&( df dfu{/6] y]r/ la|6g] sf] k|wfgdGqL algg\ . pgn] k|wfgdGqL aGg] lalQs} d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfnfO{ cufl8 a9fOg\ . lghLs/0f /

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 7

ahf/sf] :jtGqtfnfO{ cTolws dxTTj lbOof] . oxL sfo{ cd]l/sfdf ;g\ !(*! df /fi6«kltdf r'lgPkl5 /f]hfN8 /]ugn] u/] . cy{zf:qL cu:6 kmfg xfo]s b'js } f cfbz{ lyP . ;f]leot ;ª\3sf] ktgkl5 d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] wf/0ff cem alnof] aGof] . of] ctLtsf] s]xL leGg ¿kdf ePsf] k'g/fj[lQ lyof] . jt{dfg ahf/ cy{ Joj:yf emG8} emG8} /fHosf] lgoGq0f eGbf aflx/ 5 / :j]R5frf/L /x]sf] 5 . gjpbf/jfbL cjwf/0ffx? lga{Gw ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf kIfdf /x]sf 5g\ . d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfs} sf/0f /fi6«–/fHo sdhf]/ aGof] / ahf/sf] jr{Zj / Psflwsf/ a9\of] . lu/Lz ld>n] o;} ;Gbe{nfO{ b[li6ut ub}{ cfhsf] ;+;f/df ahf/ ;a}eGbf zlStzfnL 5 / o;sf] jr{Zj g/x]sf] s'g} 7fpF g} 5}g eg]sf 5g\ . pgL /fhgLlt, snf, ;flxTo, ;+:s[lt cflb ;a} If]qdf sfg'gL ¿kdf j}w dflgP klg vl/b laqmL rn]sf] 5 eG5g\ . pgL cem cufl8 a9]/ ef]6, nlaª, 7]Ssf, s/f/, lgo'lSt, k'/:sf/, cnªs/0f cflb vl/b laqmLsf ljifo ag]sf 5g\ eG5g\ . ufnj|y] jf:tljs hLjgdf cfly{s :jfy{ / k|rlnt km];gsf] babaf x'G5 eG5g\ . d'St ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] l/9 oxL cfly{s :jfy{ / To;sf lglDt lga{Gw ahf/ k|0ffnL b]lvG5 . gjpbf/jfb ahf/ cltjfb -dfs]6{ kmG8fd]G6flnHd_ dfly lg/k]If ?kdf ljZjf; u5{ / ahf/n] g} ;a} cfly{s / ;fdflhs ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg u5{ eGg] 7fG5 . ahf/ ljlgdosf] cfjZostfsf sf/0f cl:tTjdf cfPsf] lyof] . o;sf] lgdf{0fsf lglZrt P]ltxfl;s ;Gbe{x? lyP . cfh ahf/ ljgf dg'io ;dfhsf] sNkgf ug{ ;lsGg t/ cfh ahf/ lxhf]sf] ¿kdf 5}g . jt{dfgdf ahf/ jr{Zjsf/L k|0ffnLsf ¿kdf 5 / lgofds 5 . ahf/ cfkm}n F ] cfˆgf lglDt cfly{s gLlt, lgodx?sf] lgdf{0f u5{ / /fHon] To;nfO{ ;b/ u5{ . /fhgLlt :jo+ ahf/af6 lgb]l{ zt / lgolGqt /x]sf] kfOG5 . ahf/n] ;+:s[ltnfO{ lgb]l{ zt / lgolGqt dfq ub}g{ cfkm" cg'sn " sf] ;+:s[ltsf] lgdf{0f klg u5{ . Pp6f jfSodf eGg] xf] eg] cfh ;a} s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f ahf/n] u5{ . /fHo o;sf cufl8 c;xfo 5 . ahf/n] cfjZostfx?sf] k"lt{ dfq ub}g{ s[lqd cfjZostfx?sf] lgdf{0f klg u5{ . o;n] cfˆgf lglDt cg'sn " d"Nox?sf] lgdf{0f dfq ub}g{ k|lts"n

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 8

k|1f–ultljlw

d"Nox?sf] lgif]w klg u5{ . ahf/ pkef]StfjfbL ;dfh rfxG5 / To;sf] lgdf{0fdf e"ldsf ;Dkfbg u5{ . tfls{s, af}l4s, cfnf]rgfTds / d"Noj]li7t dg'io ahf/;Fu k|ltjfb u5{ . ahf/ ;txL, ;+jb] gfd'St / pkef]StfjfbL dg'io rfxG5 . d'gfkmf ahf/zf:qsf] gfeL xf] . d'gfkmfeGbf k/ ahf/sf] csf]{ s'g} bz{g, csf]{ s'g} d"No / csf]{ s'g} wfd 5}g . ahf/ ;a} s'/fsf] ahf/Ls/0f rfxG5 . dg'iosf] ahf/Ls/0f ahf/sf] ;jf]R{ r k|fyldstfleq k5{ . dg'iosf] ahf/Ls/0f dg'ionfO{ ahf/ cg's"n agfpg] cjwf/0ff / k|lqmof xf] . cy{zf:qdf ahf/Ls/0fn] ahf/ ;DaGwsf] lj:tf/nfO{ hgfP klg dg'io / j:t'x?sf ;Gbe{df o;n] ahf/sf lglDt pkof]uL x'g] u/L ltgsf] lgdf{0fnfO{ hgfpF5 . ;a} s'/fsf] ahf/Ls/0f cfhsf] ahf/sf] d'Vo clei6 xf] . ahf/Ls/0fsf] ;Dk"0f{ cfrf/zf:q o;} cg'¿k lgld{t x'G5 / sf]l/G5 . pkef]Stfjfb cfhsf] ahf/sf] d'Vo xltof/ xf] . ;'vjfb / ef]ujfb o;sf] bfz{lgs cfwf/ xf] . pkef]Stfjfb dfkm{t ahf/n] pkef]StfjfbL ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f u5{ . pkef]StfjfbL ;dfh j:t'lnK;fsf] r/d l;sf/ x'G5 . ahf/ oxL rl/q;Fu v]N5 . pkef]StfjfbL ;dfhsf] lgdf{0fdf ldl8ofx?n] ce"tk"j{ ¿kdf ;3fpF5g\ . ahf/ / ldl8ofsf] ;fF7ufF7af6 k|rf/sf] o:tf] dfofnf]ssf] lgdf{0f ul/G5 h;n] j:t'k|lt d'giosf] ?lr / cfzlStsf] lgdf{0f u5{ . k|rf/sf] dfofhfndf dg'ion] cfˆgf] cfnf] r gfTds ljj] s nfO{ u' d fpF 5 / j:t'lnK;f -km]l6l;Hd_ sf] l;sf/ x'G5 . km]l6l;Hd cfhsf] pkef]Stfjfbsf] d'Vo rl/q xf] . cfhsf] d' S t ahf/ cy{ Joj:yfnfO{ gjpbf/jfb, e"d08nLs/0f / pkef]Stfjfb;Fu cnu u/]/ x]g{ ;lsFbg} / x'bF g} . oL ;a}af6 ;dsfnLg k'h F Ljfbsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . ;dsfnLg k'FhLjfb cfˆgf] Oltxf;df ;a}eGbf a9L lgb{oL / lx+;s | /x]sf] 5 . ;dsfnLg k'h F Ljfbsf lj?4 ;zSt k|ltjfb gu/L / o;nfO{ ;dfKt gkf/L cfhsf] ahf/sf] dfgj lj/f]wL rl/qnfO{ km]g{ c;Dej 5 . ;flxTo dg'iosf] pTkfbg lqmofsnfksf] kl/0ffd lyof] . ;flxTosf] hGdnfO{ >d;Fu ufF:g'sf] sf/0f oxL xf] . dg'iosf] ;f}Gbof{Tds lqmofsnfk pkof]lutf;Fu hf]l8Psf] lyof] / 5 . ;flxTosf]

/rgf dg'ion] cfgGb lngsf lglDt dfq u/]g, cfkm"nfO{ lgofNg, a'‰g / km]g{ klg u¥of] . ;flxTosf] ;dfhk/s e"ldsfsf] rrf{ o;} ;Gbe{df ul/G5 . ;flxTosf] ;f}Gbo{k/s e"ldsf ;dfhk/s e"ldsf ljgf ck"0f{ dfq /xGg, To;n] unt lbzf klg kqmG5 . ;flxTosf] ;f}Gbo{k/s e"ldsf ;dfhk/s e"ldsf;Fu hf]l8P/ dfq k"0f{ x'G5 . ;[hgf j}olSts eP/ klg ;dli6;Fu hf]l8G5 . n]vs ;dfhs} ;b:o x'G5 / p;sf] cflTds ;+;f/nfO{ ;dli6;Fu cnu u/]/ x]g{ / JofVof ug{ ;lsGg . Joli6 lg/k]If ¿kdf s'g} leGg OsfO jf ;Qf xf]Og . JolStnfO{ lg/k]If ¿kdf leGg OsfO jf ;Qfsf ¿kdf x]g{] / kl/eflift ug]{ b[li6sf]0fnfO{ r/d JolStjfb eGbf c¿ s]xL 7fGg ;lsGg . ;[hgzLntfnfO{ clt j}olSts ¿kdf k|:t't u/]/ o;nfO{ o;sf] ;fdflhs ;f/tTTjaf6 cnu ug]{ k|oTg ;w}F x'bF } cfPsf] 5 . ;flxTo dg'iosf] cflTds cleJolSt xf] . ;flxTo dg'ion] pTkfbg u/]sf cGo pkof]uL s'/fx? eGbf leGg / ljlzi6 5 . oxL g} ;flxTosf] d'Vo lrgf/L jf ljz]iftf xf] . ;flxTosf] s]Gb| hLjg xf], hLjgsf] k"0f{tf xf] . o;} sf/0f ;flxTonfO{ cGo pkof]uL j:t'x?sf] txdf /fv]/ JofVof ug{ ;lsFbg} / ldNb}g . ;flxTo dg'iosf] x[bo, p;sf] :jKg / d"Nox?;Fu hf]l8G5 / hf]l8g' k5{ . o;sf] cf:jfbgaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfF;–' xfF;f], k|d ] –3[0ff, /fu–lj/fun] hLjgnfO{ cem ;'Gb/ / k"0f{ agfpgsf lglDt sfd ug'{ k5{, o;af6 k|fKt x'g] ljrf/, efj / oyfy{af]wn] cFWof/f]af6 pHofnf]tkm{ a9\g k|]l/t ug'{ k5{ . ;flxTosf] gfeLdf lje]b / pTkL8gn] el/Psf] o; cGofok"0f{ / si6do ;+;f/nfO{ ;dtfk"0f{ agfpg] :jKg x'g' k5{ . ;flxTon] dg'ionfO{ hfu[t ug'{ k5{ / ;Tod\, lzjd\ / ;'Gb/d\sf lglDt n8\g k|l] /t ug'{ k5{ . ;du|df eGbf ;flxTon] cfˆgf] ljrf/wf/fTds, ;+1fgfTds / ;f}Gbof{Tds e"ldsfnfO{ ;Dkfbg ug'{ k5{ . cfhsf] ahf/n] oL ;a} s'/fnfO{ kfvf nufPsf] 5 / ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0f u/]sf] 5 . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0f ;flxTonfO{ p;sf] ;f/tTTjaf6 lj:yflkt ug]{ b[li6sf]0f / k|lqmof xf] . ;flxTosf] ahf/;Fusf] ;fOgf] k'/fgf xf] . ;'?df ;flxTo df}lvs lyof] . of] ;'Gg] ;'gfpg] k/Dk/fdf cfwfl/t lyof] . o; cfwf/d} of] Pp6f lkF9Laf6

csf]{ lkF9Ldf x:tfGtl/t x'GYof] . lnlksf] ljsf;kl5 ;flxTo n]lvg / kl9g yfNof] . >'lt k/Dk/fsf ;fy;fy} n]Vo / kf7\o k/Dk/fsf] ljsf; eof] . n]Vo / kf7\o k/Dk/fn] ;flxTonfO{ ahf/;Fu hf]8\of] . d"ntM 5fkfvfgfsf] cfljisf/ kl5 ;flxTosf] ahf/;Fusf] ;DaGw alnof] / 3lgi6 x'g cf/De u/]sf] xf] . ahf/ 5flkPsf k':tsx?sf] ljlgdosf] dfWod aGof] / kf7sx?sf] xft;Dd k'Ug yfNof] . o;n] k7g k/Dk/fsf] ljsf;df dfq of]ubfg lbPg, ;du| jfª\dosf] ljsf;d} dxTTjk"0f{ of]ubfg lbof] . k'h F Ljfbsf] pbo eGbf cl3sf] ahf/ ;flxTodfly cf?9 lyPg . ;flxTosf] rl/q jf ;f/tTTjsf] lgwf{/0f ahf/n] ub}{gYof] . ahf/ ljlgdosf] dfWod dfq lyof] . ;flxTosf] dfq xf]Og cGo j:t'x?sf xsdf klg oxL s'/f nfu" x'GYof] . k'FhLjfbn] ahf/sf] k'/fgf] ¿knfO{ abNof] . ahf/ ljlgdosf] dfWod dfq /x]g, pTkfbgsf] rl/qnfO{ lgwf{l/t ug]{ / j:t' pTkfbgsf lglDt cfwf/x? lgdf{0f ug]{ lgofds zlStsf ¿kdf klg ljsl;t eof] . j:t'sf] pTkfbgdf ahf/ lg0ff{os x'g cf/De u¥of] . cf}Bf]lus k'h F Ljfbdf ahf/sf] Psflwsf/ crDd nfUbf] u/L a9\of] / j:t'sf] pTkfbg / ljlgdodf dfq xf]Og ahf/ /fHosf lglDt klg ljwfos aGg cf/De u¥of] . oxL cjlwaf6 ;flxTo dfly ahf/ cf?9 x'g ;'? u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;flxTo dfly ahf/ cf?9 x' g ] s' / fnfO{ ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf ¿kdf lng] ul/G5 . ;flxTodf ahf/ cf?9 x'g'sf] tfTko{ ;flxTosf] ;f/tTTj ahf/ d"Nox?åf/f lgwf{l/t / lgolGqt x'g' xf] . ahf/n] ;|i6fsf] :jtGqtfnfO{ kl/;Lldt dfq ub}g{ , cfˆgf] cg'sn " ;[hgfsf lglDt klg afWo u5{ . cfˆgf] cg'sn " ;[hgfsf] tfTko{ laSg] j:t'sf] pTkfbg / d'gfkmf dfq xf]Og, dg'iosf] j:t's/0fsf nflu pko'St j}rfl/s kl/k|I] o lgdf{0fsf lglDt pko'St ;fdu|Lsf] pTkfbg klg xf] . cfhsf] ahf/ d'gfkmf / d'gfkmfsf lglDt pko'St ljrf/ / efjgfsf] lgdf{0f;Fu;Fu} ug{ rfxG5 . cfhsf] ahf/ Ps ;du| ljrf/;/0fL;lxt kl/rflnt 5 . o;}nfO{ sltko ljrf/sx?n] …ahf/jfbÚsf] ;+1f ;d]t lbPsf 5g\ . ef/tLo ;flxTosf/ /d]z pkfWofo n]V5g\ M ahf/ / ahf/jfbdf cGt/ /x]sf] 5 . ahf/

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 9

;[hgzLntfnfO{ dflg;x?;Dd k'¥ofpg] dfWod xf], ahf/jfb ;a} lrhnfO{ lasfp dfg]/ lxF8g\ ] ljrf/wf/f xf] . o;sf sf/0f Jofks dfgjLo pb\bZ] o ;lxt ul/g] snfTds ;[hg, bfz{lgs lrGtg, j}1flgs cg';Gwfg, 1fg / lzIffsf] k|;f/, ;dfh ;'wf/, /fhgLlts kl/jt{g cflb klg ;Lldt Jofj;flos pb\bZ] osf lglDt ul/g] sfo{df kl/jt{g x'G5g\ / o;sf lglDt l;4fGtxLg ;Demf}tf, cg}lts u7aGwg, cfkm"nfO{ p7fpgsf lglDt c¿nfO{ v;fNg jf sdhf]/ b]vfpg ul/g] ldYof k|rf/ cflbnfO{ plrt / cfjZos 7fGg yflnG5 . olt dfq xf]Og, ahf/jfbsf cGtu{t ahf/nfO{ cfˆgf] nfesf lglDt lgolGqt ug] { zlStn] gofF ;[hgzLntfnfO{ lsGg], p;nfO{ e|ddf kf/]/ Jofks dfgjLo pb\ b ] Z oaf6 e8\ s fpg] tyf ;Lldt Jofj;flos pb\bZ] osf] k"lt{af6 k|fKt x'g] ;kmntfnfO{ g} p;sf] k/d nIo agfO lbg] k|of; klg u5{ . ctM cfhsf] gofF ;[hgzLntfsf cufl8 ahf/sf lardf /xFbf /xFb} klg ahf/jfbsf] b'ik|efjaf6 aRg] uDeL/ r'gf}tL v8f 5 . clgn rdl8of ahf/jfbsf] tfTko{ ;Dk"0f{ ;dfhsf] ;+/rgfnfO{ ahf/ cg'¿k 9fNg' xf] eG5g\ . o;}sf/0f pgL s'g} klg If]qnfO{ ahf/jfbb]lv c5't /x]sf] b]Vb}gg\ . pgL cfhsf] ahf/ ljQLo k'h F Ljfbsf] ljrf/wf/faf6 lgb]l{ zt /x]sf] 7fG5g\ . ;flxTo lsGg] / a]Rg] s'/fn] dfq ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] ;f/tTTjnfO{ :ki6 ub}g{ . ;fdfGotM ;flxTosf] lsga]r ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0f xf]Og . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] tfTko{ d'St ahf/ k|0ffnLsf lgodx? ;flxTosf] n]vg, k|sfzg / ljt/0fdf nfu" x'g' xf] . s] n]Vg] <, s:tf] n]Vg] <, lsg n]Vg] <, s;sf lglDt n]Vg] < cflb h:tf k|Zgx?nfO{ ahf/n] lgb]l{ zt / lgwf{l/t ug'{ xf] . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fdf ;flxTsf/ d"ntM pkef]Stfjfbåf/f lgld{t kf7sLo dgf] l j1fg / k| s fzg u[ x sf Jofj;flos /0fgLltx?åf/f 8f]l/G5 / cfˆgf] n]vg :jtGqtfnfO{ u'dfpF5 . pm :jo+ ahf/ cg'sn " n]Vg ;'? u5{ . n]vsx?sf] 7'nf] ;ª\Vof o; k|lqmofdf yfx} gkfO k:5 . sltkon] cfkm"nfO{ ahf/ cg';f/ abN5g\ . ahf/ :jo+n] ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] ljrf/wf/fsf] lgdf{0f u5{ / o;nfO{ plrt 7x¥ofpg] cfwf/ klg

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 10

k|1f–ultljlw

agfpF5 . k|sfzs / ldl8ofsf dfWodaf6 ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fOG5 . ldl8ofn] kf7sLo dgf]lj1fgsf] lgdf{0fdf ;jf{lws dxTTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u5{ . ;flxTo a9LeGbf a9L kf7ssf lardf k'Ug' k5{, o;sf lglDt o;sf] laqmL x'g' k5{ . laqmLsf lglDt s[ltsf] k|rf/ klg x'g' k5{ . s[ltaf/] cvaf/df ul/g] l6Kk0fL, lj1fkg, cGtlqm{of cflbn] s[ltsf] ahf/ k|jw{gdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5g\ . s[lt w]/} laSbf ;flxTosf/nfO{ klg kmfObf x'G5 . s] oL ;a} ug'{ cg'lrt xf] < s] oL ;a} ug'{nfO{ ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0f eGg ldN5 < s] k|sfzsn] d'gfkmf rfxg' cg'lrt xf] < cflb h:tf k|Zgx? o; ;Gbe{df uDeL/tfk" j { s p7fpg] ul/G5 . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] ;DaGw oL s'g} klg k|Zgx?;Fu 5}g . ;flxTo n]lvG5, k|sfzg ul/G5 / laqmL ljt/0fsf lglDt ahf/df nluG5 . o;sf lglDt k|rf/ k|;f/ klg ul/G5 . ;fdfGotof oL ;a} s'/fx?nfO{ :jfefljs dfGg' k5{ . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0f To;j]nf cf/De x'G5 ha o;nfO{ o;sf] ljlzi6 ;f/tTTjaf6 lj:yflkt u/]/ Ps sdf]l86Lsf ¿kdf lnOG5 / tbg'¿k Jojxf/ ul/G5 . cfhsf] ahf/ Ps vf; ceLi6 ;lxt lqmofzLn 5 . cfhsf] ahf/sf] rl/qnfO{ :ki6 ub}{ /fh]z hf]zL eG5g\ M of] cf}Bf]lus qmflGtaf6 hlGdPsf] ahf/ xf]Og h;nfO{ cufl8 a9\gsf lglDt /fhgLlts ;fd|fHo / pklgj]zx?sf] db\bt cfjZos lyof] . of] gofF ;"rgf qmflGtsf] sfFwdfly a;]sf] ahf/ xf] h;n] laNs'n :jfoQ 9ª\un] cfˆg} d'ns ' , cfˆg} /fhgLlt, cfˆg} u|fxssf] lgdf{0f ub}{ 5 . cfhsf] ahf/df cfw'lgs s]Gb|Ls[t hgtGqsf tl/sf / lgodx? nfu' x'bF g} g\ . cfhsf] ahf/ pTt/ cfw'lgs ljs]lGb|t tyf /fHoljxLg x'bF } u/]sf] ;dfhsf] ahf/ xf], h;df k'h F L ;Qfsf] ;xofqL gag]/ cfkm} ;Qfdf ¿kfGtl/t ePsf] 5 . jt{dfg b'lgofFdf g t ljnu]6; \ hh{ a';eGbf ;fgf 5g\ g t d'sz ] cAafgLeGbf dgdf]xg l;+x g} 7'nf . ljnu]6; \ / d'sz ] cAafgLn] cfkm"nfO{ hh{ a'; / dgdf]xg l;+xeGbf 7'nf] bfaL ug{ ;S5g\ . b'lgofF cd]l/sfn] agfPsf lgodx?af6 Tolt rNb}g, hlt ljn u] 6 \ ; åf/f pTkflbt sDKo' 6 / / ;ˆ6j]o/x?sf dfWodaf6 rN5 .

cfhsf] ahf/nfO{ ;flxTosf] ljlzi6 d"No;Fu xf]Og o;sf] pkef]Stf d"No;Fu ;/f]sf/ 5 . cfh ahf/ cfˆgf lglDt cg'sn " pkef]Stf cfkm} tof/ ub}{ 5 . ahf/åf/f lgld{t pkef]Stfn] ahf/ cg'sn " ;fdu| L sf] rog u5{ . ahf/nfO{ ;flxTosf] ;dfhk/s / ;f}Gbo{k/s e"ldsf;Fu xf]Og To;af6 cfh{g ul/g] k'h F Lk|lt ?lr 5 . ahf/sf] o; ceLi6sf] bafasf] cg'ej cfhsf] ;flxTo n]vgdf ;':ki6 ¿kdf ug{ ;lsG5 . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf s]xL vf; clenIf0fx? 5g\ . xNsf ljifo j:t', of}g, /x:o / /f]df~rnfO{ k|fyldstf, oyfy{sf] e|i6Ls/0f, ;flxTosf] ;f]2Z] otf / k|lta4tfk|lt gsf/fTds b[li6sf]0f, cy{xLg k|of]unfO{ dxTTj, lg/fzf, lj;ª\ultaf]w, ;txLkgf tyf k|d ] sf] afhf? kIfnfO{ k|fyldstf, ;flxTosf] pkef]Stf d"Nodf hf]8, ;flxTosf] ;fdflhs e"ldsfsf] c:jLs[lt ;flxTosf] k|rf/df clt;o hf]8, sdhf]/ s[ltnfO{ k|rf/sf dfWodaf6 pTs[i6 ;fljt ub}{ kf7sx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ k|oTg, n]vs, k|sfzs / ldl8ofsf] ;fF7ufF7af6 s[ltnfO{ :yflkt ug]{ k|of;, ;flxTosf] SjfF6Ls/0f, ;flxTodf skf]/{ 6] hut\nfO{ leœofpg' cflb ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf s]xL clenIf0fx? x'g\ . pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] d'Vo j}rfl/s cfwf/ xf] . pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb ;dsfnLg ahf/ bz{gsf] klg Ps d'Vo j}rfl/s ;|ft] xf] . Ps lsl;dsf] xNsf / ;:tf] …;flxToÚ w]/} klxn]bl] v cl:tTjdf lyof] . o:tf] ;flxTo ;[hgf klg k'h F Ljfbs} kl/0ffd lyof] . cfh ;du| ;flxTonfO{ oxL sf]6Ldf emfg]{ k|oTg ul/Fb} 5 . cfhsf] ;flxTodf ulx/f] oyfy{af]w, hLjgaf]w, ;+jb] gf, :jKg / pb\bZ] o x/fpFb} 5 . ;flxTosf] 5ftLdf Tof] w'sw'sL sd cg'ej x'G5, h;n] p;nfO{ cfh;Dd arfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . sltko /fd|f dflgPsf ;flxTosf/x? ahf/sf sf/0f cfh cfˆgf] :j / >L u'dfpFb} 5g\ / ahf/sf] s7k'tnL aGb} 5g\ . k|ltw|j' Lo ;flxTosf sltko

wf/fdf kfOg] hLjgsf] w8\sg / :jKg cfh cToGt sdhf]/ ag]sf] 5 . ahf/sf] cfqmd0f k|ultjfbL ;flxTo dfly klg 5 t/ cln leGg ¿kdf . k|ultjfbL ;flxTo ahf/Ls/0faf6 t aRb} cfPsf] 5 t/ ahf/sf] alnof] k|xf/sf] ;fdgf eg] ub}{ 5 . k|ultjfbL ;flxTonfO{ cfd kl/b[Zoaf6 h;/L …ANofs cfp6Ú ug]{ ul/G5, of] cfhsf] ahf/;Fu klg hf]l8Psf] 5 . ;flxTo ljrf/wf/f d'St slxNo} /x]g t/ k|ultjfbL ;flxTonfO{ ljrf/wf/f k|wfg / snfTds sd eg]/ k|xf/ ul/G5 . cfhsf] ahf/ bz{g dfS;{jfbL snflrGtgsf cfwf/df ;[lht snfsf ;a} ¿kx?af6 eoeLt b]lvG5 . pm o;sf] ljsf; xf]Og lgif]w ug{ rfxG5 . ahf/ ;flxTonfO{ …sf]sfsf]nfÚ / …rfprfpÚ agfpFb} 5, ;flxTosf/ ;flxTosf] lr/x/0fsf] o; …pT;jÚdf ljgf kL8f / nHhfaf]w ;fd]n x'bF 5 } . of] xfd|f] ;dosf] ;a}eGbf la8DagfTds / s'¿k b[Zo xf] . o;n] ;|i6fx?sf] cfnf]rgfTds ljj]sdf cfpFb} u/]sf] sxfnLnfUbf] x|f;nfO{ b]vfpF5 . ;|i6f cfh cfkm"nfO{ ;]lna|6] L / cfˆgf] ;flxTonfO{ lj1fkg agfpg tof/ 5 . ;]lna|6] L aGg kfPsf]df pm uj{ u5{ / cfnf]rsx?nfO{ ljleGg ljz]if0fx?;lxt ;/fK5 . ;]lna|6] L ahf/ cjwf/0ffsf] pTkfbg xf] eGg] of t pm la;{G5 of t a'em krfpF5 . j:t'tM ;]lna|6] L cfkm} algGg, agfOG5 . ahf/nfO{ ;]lna|6] L rflxG5 . ;]lna|6] Lsf] sfFwdfly r9]/ ahf/ dfq Jofkf/ ub}g{ ldl8of klg Jofkf/ u5{ . o;/L cfhsf] ahf/ ;[hgzLntfsf] ldq xf]Og lj/f]wL b]lvG5 . ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] pT;jdf u} / dfS;{ j fbLx? dfq xf] O g s} o f} F dfS;{jfbLx? klg ;dflxt b]lvG5g\ . g]kfn :jo+ o;sf] b[i6fGt xf] . o; kl/b[Zon] ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf lj?4 ;zSt k| l tjfbsf] cfjZostfnfO{ cf}NF ofpF5 . ;flxTosf] ;dfhk/s Pj+ ;f} G bo{ k /s e" l dsfnfO{ dxTTj lbg] x ?n] ;flxTosf] ahf/Ls/0fsf lj?4 cfkm"nfO{ ;zSt ¿kdf pEofpg cfjZos 5 . ;

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;Tosf /ª\u cg]s OGb| s'df/ >]i7 ‘;l/t\’ cfDd} Û /l;snf zld{nL klg ;ef;bsf] pDd]bjf/ < s'g kf6L{af6 xf] < ls logn] :jtGq pDd]bjf/L lbPsL x'g\ t < rZdfsf] cefjdf lbns[i0fn] kf]i6/af6 o;} xf] eg]/ 7Dofpg ;s]g . 3/ k'u~' h]n klg p;nfO{ ps';d's; ' / v;v; eO /Xof] . c¿nfO{ ;'gfpg gkfP klg l56f] 3/ k'u/] p;nfO{ cfˆg} >LdtL 5f]/Ld}ofFnfO{ eP klg of] ckTofl/nf] ;dfrf/ ;'gfpg dg nfUof] . P ufF7] Û s] o:tf] rdTsf/ eof] < zld{nL klg hgtfsf] k|ltlglw < x}g ;bgdf k'u/] p;n] s] sfd unL{ < s:tf] sfd unL{ < s;sf nflu sfd unL{ t p;n] < s] p;nfO{ b]z / hgtfsf] kl/efiff t yfxf 5 < /l;snf zld{nLsf] of] gjLg va/n] dlyª\undf dRofPsf] xnrn;Fu} lbns[i0f 3/ hfg dfOqmf]df e'mlG8of] . lbns[ i 0fnfO{ /fd| } ; F u yfxf 5 /l;snf zld{nLsf] af/]df . lxhf]sf lbgx?df pm k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] ;dy{g ub}{ ¥ofnLdf lxF8y\ L . k~rfotsf] hohosf/ uyL{ . pm s'g k[i7e"ldaf6 cfPsL xf] eGg] af/]df lbns[i0fnfO{ /fd}|;Fu yfxf lyof] . kl5Nnf] ;dodf t /l;snf zld{nLn] hgcfGbf]ng bafpgnfO{ ;lqmo e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sL xf] eGg] klg lbns[i0fnfO{ dfq} xf]Og, ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePs} s'/f xf] . ta k|hftGqsf] lj/f]wL, hgtfsf] rfxgfnfO{ ;dy{g ug{ g;Sg] hg lj/f]wL / cfˆg} cfr/0fnfO{ cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf /fVg g;Sg] JolSt cfh PsfPs s'g kf6L{af6 hg k|ltlglw aGg pDd]bjf/ eOg\ t < o:tf] JolStnfO{ kTofpg] kf6L{ klg xFb' f] /x]5 < P ufF7] Û pb]s nfUof] lbns[i0fnfO{ . lbns[i0fnfO{ ySs ySs nfU5, cfh} ahf/ cfpFbf p;n] rZdf 3/d} 5f8] 5 . pkm\ , lbns[ i 0f 56kl6G5 . rfalxnaf6 Hof]lt gu/ k'Ug klg cfh of] dfOqmf] uf8LnfO{ lsg of] ljlw ;do nfu]sf] xf]nf <

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Pstf a:tLnfO{ yf]/} k5fl8 5f8\b} dfOqmf] a; Hof]lt gu/sf] k'ndf k'u/] /f]lsG5 . dfOqmf]af6 emG8}emG8} xfdkmfNof] lbns[i0fn] . p;n] xtf/ xtf/ kGw| ?k}ofF sG8s6/ efOnfO{ lbP/ pm 3/lt/ bf}l8of] cfˆgL >LdtL 5f]/Ld}ofFnfO{ /l;snf zld{nLsf] af/]df gofF tYo eGg . lsgeg] lbns[i0f, ;fgLdfof ;/n, /fhLj zfSo, ltnf]Qdf zdf{, km0fLGb| /fO{ cflbn] g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTodf 8]9 bzs latfP/ cfwf bh{g hlt s[lt lgsfln ;s]kl5 dfq /l;snf zld{nLn] pgLx?nfO{ k5\ofpFb} g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTodf b]vf k/]sL lyOg\ . t/ pgLx?dWo] s;}n] klg To; a]nf /l;snf zld{nLnfO{ efp lbFbg} lyP t}klg pm pgLx?sf] kl5 kl5 nfUyL . ;flxTodf a/fa/ e]6 x'g] ;fyLx? cfh sf] stf k'u] lbns[i0fnfO{ s]xL yfxfkQf] 5}g . k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] pTsif{ sfn lyof] Tof] / :jfefljs ¿kn] k~rx?sf] babaf ePsf] a]nf lyof] . To; a]nfsf x/]s sfo{qmdsf ;+of]hs / ;b:ox? k~rfotL k[ i 7e" l ddf klg ;Qf / zlSts]Gb|sf glhs ePsf JolStx?nfO{ agfOGYof] . kf}if ! ut], kf}if !$ ut], kf}if @& ut], sflt{s @@ ut] nufotsf x/]s sfo{qmddf ;Qf / zlSt s]Gb|sf] ljZjf; k|fKt JolStx?n] g} cflwsfl/s lhDd]jf/L kfpF y ] . To:tf ljz] i f slj uf] i 7L, nf] s uLt k|ltof]lutf, cfw'lgs uLt k|ltof]lutf, k|jrg sfo{qmd, ;Ddfg sfo{qmd, /]l8of] jf 6]lnlehgaf6 k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] k|z; + fdf cfof]lht k|fof]lht cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd cflb cflb h]h:tf sfo{qmd eP klg ;'>L /l;snf …zld{nLÚsf] pkl:ylt clgjfo{ h:t} lyof] . ?lrn] pgL cfk"mnfO{ sjloqL, uLtsf/, kqsf/, uflosf, ;dfh;]jL cflb cflbsf] kl/ro lblGyg\ . ;'Gg]n] ;'Gy] / dfGg]n] dfGy] klg . gdfGg'

kg]{ / ljjfb ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sf/0f lyPg . lsgeg] tTsfnLg zf;s / zf;ssf w'kf}/x] ?;Fu pgsf] lrghfg / ldqtf /fd}; | uF 5 eGg] s'/f ;a}nfO{ yfxf lyof] . kl/0ffd:j¿k jif{df b'O{ rf/ j6f k'/:sf/ kfpg' pgsf nflu 7'nf] s'/f lyPg . w]/} j6f ;flxlTos / ;fª\uLlts k'/:sf/ /l;snf zld{nLn] cfˆgf] kf]N6fdf kfl/ ;s]sL lyOg\ eg] ;flxTonfO{ ;fwgf 7fGg] slj n]vsx? Efg] /l;snf zld{nLsf] cufl8 x]/s ] f x]¥o} ePsf lyP . efiff, ;flxTo / snfsf] ;SsnL ;fwgf uf]Nvf8Ldf uP/ d"R5f{ x'g] u/L k5fl/Psf] lyof] eg] rfs/L, ;Dks{, ;f}Gbo{ / of}jgn] afhL df/]sf] tTsfnLg cj:yfdf ;SsnL ;flxTo s'gf] k;]/ kSs} klg cfjfhljg} SjfFSjfF /f]Psf] x'g' kb{5 . ut] / af/df ;Lldt ;flxlTos / ;fª\ u Llts sfo{ q mdaf6 ca /l;snfnfO{ dfly p7\g' lyof] . To;}n] cfˆgf s6d]/f sljtf / uLt af]s]/ pgL ;Dkfbs, ufos / ;ª\uLtsf/x?sf] kl5 bf}l8g yflng\ . …zld{nLhL, 5flkg' cufl8 tkfO{s + f] sljtfdf w]/} d]xgt ug'{ k5{ . ;Dkfbgn] dfq} k'Ub}g, o;nfO{ k'gn]v { g g} ug'{ k5{ . To;sf nflu tkfO{n + ] cln ;do lgsfNg' k5{ . ;Fu} a;]/ 5nkmn ug'{ k5{ .Ú ;Dkfbssf] cfzo a'lem ;s] kl5 /l;snfn] nfnL kf]ltPsf cf]7+ df /l;nf] d':sfg v]nfpFb} elgg\, …eO xfN5 lg, ;/ .Ú /l;snf zld{nLsf sljtfx? 5flkP . uLtx? 5flkP . uLtx? /]s8{ eP . s] s] eP eP . h] h] eP klg h] xf];\ ;flxlTos / ;fª\uLlts If]qdf rf/}lt/ /l;snf g} /l;snf eP . ca efiff, ;flxTo / snfsf] If]qaf6 pgsf] gfd d]6g\ 8i6/nfO{ TolQ ;xh x'g] 5fF6sfF6 b]lvPg . kqsf/, ;Dkfbs, ;lrj / dGqLx? ca /l;snfsf nflu cfˆgf ;dsfnLg ldqe}mF lyP . oLafx]s pgn] cfˆgf] tLj| ;Dks{ Jofkfl/s If]qlt/ klg a9fOg\ . ;do / kl/l:yltn] dfG5]sf] :jefj, ?lr / JolStTjnfO{ g} kl/jt{g ul/lbFbf] /x]5 . kxf8af6 embf{ g]kfnL ;d]t slgs'yL n]Vg] /l;snf ca zld{nL Dofdsf] ¿kdf kl/lrt eO ;s]sL lyOg\ . vfglkg / njfOv'jfOn] ubf{ klxnf] rf]l6 b]Vg]n] pgnfO{ Dofd g} ;lDemGy] . ;flxTo, kqsfl/tf, /fhgLlt / Jofkfl/s If]qdf pgnfO{ glrGg] dflg;

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Pp6fn] t cfpg] t/v/ klg ul/ ;s]sf] 5 t/ of] ;dfhnfO{ aRrfsf] afp rflxG5 . Tof] afp ltdL afx]s csf]{ sf] x'g ;S5 / <Ú …t/ Dof====Dof====Dof===Dofd===Ú ;dg af]Ng ;s]g . …6]G;g gn]pm . ef]ln g} xfdL lax] btf{ ug]5 { f}F / Ps dlxgfkl5 l8ef];{ klg . To;sf] nflu d ltdLnfO{ ;fg]kfsf] rf/ cfgf hUuf, Pp6f afOs / kfFr nfv gub lbG5' . x'G5 <Ú nfnLleq 5f]lkPsf] s'l6ntfnfO{ n'sfpFb} /l;snfn] ;f]lwg\ t/ k|To'Q/df ;dg af]Ng ;s]g . ljjfxsf] gfddf olQsf] ;DklQ kfOG5 eg] of] Jofkf/df 3f6f g} s] 5 / < Ps dlxgfkl5 5f]8kq t eO xfN5 g} . Sofl/o/ agfpg b'ud{ lhNnfaf6 /fhwfgL k;]sf] ul/a l76f] ;dg, /l;snfsf] k|:tfjn] p;sf] dg nf]leof]— To;dfly of}jgsf] rf;gLdf 8'as ] L /l;snf gfd¿kL af]g; klg cfpg] ePkl5 ;f}bf 3f6fsf] t xf]Og x} . …cF cF===ldi6/== ;kgf gb]v . xfd|f] lax] / lax]kl5sf] l8ef];d { f ltdLn] ;DklQ kfpg] t kSsf xf] t/ d xf]Og .Ú ;dgsf] dgf]efj a'e]m;l/ bGTosIffsL /fIf;gLe}Fm /l;snf zld{nL lvTsf 5f8]/ xfF:g yfnL . ;dgnfO{ 8/ nfUof] . cxf],

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 13

/l;snfn] p;sf] dgsf] s'/f s;/L yfxf kfOg\ < p;nfO{ yfxf lyof], /l;snfn] rfx]kl5 p;n] gfOF eg] klg p;sf] s]xL hf]/ rNg]jfnf 5}g eg]/ . )) b]zdf ePsf] /fhg}lts pynk'ynn] /fhtGqsf] cGTo u/]/ u0ftGqnfO{ :yfkgf ul/ ;Sbf g;Sb} /l;snf zld{nL ca 8]/fjfn jf e'mk|Ldf a:g] x}g a? …zld{nLÚ dxnsL dflnSgL eO ;s]sL lyOg\ . ljzfn If]qkmndf k}mlnPsf] zld{nL dxndf pm cfˆgf] PSnf] 5f]/f / gf]s/ rfs/sf ;fy a:bl5g\ . ;dg ljqmdn] w]/} cufl8 cfˆgf c+z lnP/ /l;snfsf] hLjgaf6 labf kfO ;s]sf] lyof] . t/ cfh klg pm /l;snfsf] Pp6f OdfGbf/ Joj:yfks lyof], e/f];f of]Uo sd{rf/L lyof], === /l;snfsf] hLjgdf pm w]/y} f]s lyof] . t/ p;sf] xs / clwsf/ dfl;s tna kfpg] Pp6f gf]s/sf] eGbf a9L lyPg . lbg k/lbg zld{nLsf dxTTjfs+fIff ‰ofª\luO /x]sf lyP . To;}n] dlxgf}F xft v'66\ f rnfPkl5 /fhgLltsf] uf]/]6f]df lxF8\g p;n] Pp6f n6\7L ;dfO{ . Tof] xf8df;'sf] n6\7LnfO{ p;n] k};fn] k'l/ lbO{ kmn:j¿k xFl;of / xyf}8f cª\lst kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:o xFb' } pm /ftf/ft lhNnf sld6L ;b:o / dlxnf ;d"xsf] ;x–O~rfh{ ;d]t eO{ . jif{lbg leq}df kf6L{df p;n] cfˆgf pkl:yltnfO{ bx|f] agfO ;s]sL lyO{ . s;sf] cfjZostf s] xf] eg]/ a'‰g vlKk; /l;snfn] c¿sf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ub}{ cfˆgf /fhg}lts dxTTjfs+fIffnfO{ ps]/f] lbFb} nuL .

5f]6f] ;dod} p;n] /fhgLltsf bz la; j6f zJb sG7 u/L . dlxnf d'lSt, ;dfgtf, gful/s :jtGqtf, ljsf; / b]z clg ;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf s'/fx? hfGg] eP kl5 pm dL7f] efif0f ug]{ snfdf klg cufl8 x'g yfnL . ;fFRr} eGg] xf] eg] /fhgLltsf] p;sf] uf8Ln] l:k8 klS8 ;s]sf] lyof] . To;}n] ca /fhg}lts hLjgdf klg p;nfO{ k5fl8 kms]/{ x]g{' lyPg . p;nfO{ /fd|; } uF yfxf lyof], /fhgLltsf] s'g df]8df a]s | nufpFb,} s'g df]8df luo/ abNb} uf8LnfO{ s'g df]8df tLj| ult lbg' k5{ eg]/ . ;+ljwfg ;efsf] bf];f| ] lgjf{rgdf kf6L{af6 l6s6 kfpg] / gkfpg]sf] lardf w]/} jfs\o4' eP, cvaf/sf kfgfx? /ª\luP . t/ To:tf lemgfdl;gf s'/fn] /l;snfnfO{ k6Ss} 5f]Pg . lsgeg] l6s6sf]

afF8kmfF8 cufl8 xKtf lbg hlt /l;snf gf]6n] el/Psf] Pp6f la|kms]z ;lxt x/fO{ . kf6L{sf] 7'n} dfG5] klg x/fPsf] xNnf rNof] . t/ tL km/s JolSt x/fpg'df ;dfgtf jf c;dfgtf s] lyof] < Tof] t tL b'O{nfO{ dfq yfxf x'g] s'/f xf] . t}klg kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x? dfemdf eg] of] ljifon] /fd}| 7fpF kfof] . xNnfvNnf / tLj| ljjfbsf lard} /l;snf zld{nLn] klg l6s6 kfOg\ . ?g] /f]Psf] /f]o} eP, s/fpg] s/fsf s/fo} eP . t/ /l;snfn] l6s6 kfPkl5 pgL cfˆgf k|rf/ k|;f/df tLj|tfsf ;fy nflug\ . 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd, h'n; ' , cfd;ef, nf]e k|nf]eg, cfZjf;g cflb cflbaf6 pgn] dtbftfnfO{ nf]Eofpg] ;Sbf] k|oTg ul/g\ . ;of}F Jofg/, k~r}afhf, kf6L{sf] em08f;lxt dt dfUb} /l;snfsf] h'n'; cufl8 al9 /x]sf] a]nfdf stfaf6 xf] crfgs Ps hgf cwa}+;] JolSt /l;snfsf] cufl8 cfof] / ;f]Wof], …P pDd]bjf/Ho" Û l6dL slj6f n]Vg] /l;snf zld{nL xf]Og, af < l6d|f] slj6f ;Dkf8g u8Lu8L 5flK8g] of] sljnfO{ lrGof} < xf==xf==xf===cfˆg} gfd /fd|f; ] uF n]Vg ghfGg] dfG5] klg g]6f x'g] /Ú5 xO{ of] 8]zdf < s;/L xf] dnfO{ klg eG8]pg af d klg g]6f aG5' 7'k}| k'?:sf/ yfK5'=========;ef;b aG5'==== dG6«L aG5',========clg ====clg d klg 9]/} 9]/} k};f sdfpF 5 ' = ==xf===xf==xf==s:6f] /fd| f ] ;kgf xO{====xf====xf===xf====. l6dLnfO{ sljtf n]Vg l;sfpg] 8Lnls:g, ;flgdfof, /fhLjnfO{ ;D‰of 5 l6Dn] < SofM uhk . /l;snf, l6dL s'g kftL{sf] pDd]bjf/ < r'gfp lh6]/ s] ug]{ < nfnL nfpg] ls kfpb/ 9:g] < Sof M uhk\, o:6f] dfG5] klg g]6f=== < ;SsnL sf/]s6f{sf] xs vf];/] pgLx?nfO{ e'6S' s kf8}{ l6dLh:6} gSsnL g]6fn] ;SsnL g]6f lg vfg] ef], clg 8]z} vfg] ef] af========/l;snf zld{nL klg g]6f==== cfDdfDff======== xf=== xf=== xf===xf====.Ú H'fn';df cfPsf ;a}n] Tof] cwa}; + ] dfG5]nfO{ cgf}7f] dfg]/ x]l/ /x] . pm lvTsf 5f8]/ xfF:b} uO /x]sf] lyof] . ptf sfo{stf{x?sf] dfemdf /l;snf zld{nL r'g kf]ts ] f] dfOn :6f]geFm} l7ª\u ple /x]sL lyO{ . sfo{stf{x?sf] eL8n] ubf{ cufl8 k5fl8 rf/}lt/ w'nf] p8]/ s'O/Ld08n eO /x]sf] lyof] . cwa}z + s ] f] cfs[lt gb]lvP klg p;sf] xfF;f] eg] k|:6} ;'lgFb} lyof] . ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 14

k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

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8'Ag nfu]sf] 3fd lszg yfkf ‘cwL/’ xflgP/ cfO yrSs a:tf, xfdL t ´:Sof}F Ps} kN6df, st} s]xL eof] ls, oBlk pgsf] pd]/ To:tf] l/; b]vfpg ldNg] nfos /x]g ca . xfd|f] ;d"xdf, jf:tjdf, pgL g} a9L ;lj|mo lyP, xfd|f] t'ngfdf . xfdL eGbf sd pd]/ ePsfn] xf]nf, an klg 5, xfd|f eGbf . eg olt 6f9fb]lv oxfF;Dd k|foh;f] cfO /xg t===nf}t eg",F o; k};6\7L sf6]sf] pd]/df xDd]xDd] g} k5{ lg t/ pgL dhfn] cfO lbG5g\ . pgnfO{ xfdL ltg hgfsf] ;d"xdf k|jz ] u/fpg] d g} x'F . xfdL ltg hgf cyf{t\ k]G;gn] afFsL hLjg l3;fb}{ u/]sfx?sf] ;d"x . xfdL t Ps} 6f]nsf xf},F e]63f6 s'g} si6 jf ljnDa x'g] s'/} lyPg . pgL Toqf] af6f] sf6]/ ;d]t cfpg EofpF5g\ . xfdL rlst lyof}F . pgLl;t e]6===;Dem"F eg] crDd}n] ePsf] lyof], d]/f] e]6 . pgL lar af6}df pleP/ b'O{ o'jsx?l;t s/fpFb} /x]5g\, …dnfO{ t a'9f eGof} ltdLx?n]==== ltdLx? t a'9f x'g klg kfpGgf} .Ú a'l´ xfn],F tL o'jsx?n] lh:sfPsf /x]5g\ . pgL k8\ls xfn], kf/f] gfKt} . k8\lsP s] xfdL ;Dk"0f{ j[4x?sf] ;fd"lxs cfjfh g} atfO lbP . d08nLaf6 5'6/] 3/ kms{b+ } lyPF, tL j[4n] cfsif{0f ul/ xfn] . ;DejtM Joyf ;dfg x'g k'u/] kf] xf] ls . af]nrfn a9fpg] dg;fon] cl3 ;l/ xfn],F pgL klg ;DejtM cfˆgf] pd]/sf ;fyLs} vf]hdf lyP, sDd/ sl; xfn] . ta s] lyof], jiff{b+} l] vsf ldq em}F s'/fsfgL ug{ yfNof}F . b'O{ 3G6f, xf], b'O{ 3G6} nfUof], xfdLnfO{ 5'6\l6g . ef]lnkN6 ldq d08nLnfO{ eg]/ k|tLIff ug{

nfUof},F pgL l7s ;dod} cfO k'u] . tab]lv pgL klg xfd|f] ;d"xsf ;b:o eO xfn] . clg s] lyof], rf/ hgf k]G;g ksfPsf xfdL j[4x? cfˆgf ljutsf] yf]kfyf]kf cª\z r'xfpFb} ;dsfnLg /fhgLlt, ;dfhlt/ wf/0ffsf] ljr/0f u/fP/ lbdfvsf] s;/t ub}{ cfPsf lyof}F . k|foM ljutlt/} sltkN6 k:Yof},F lg:sGYof}F .

Pp6f s'/f lglZrt lyof], h;sf] ljutdf k;] klg Pp6f g Pp6f /; kfpFYof},F cjZo . clg cfh < –…s] ef] bz/yhL <Ú s'j/] n] ;f]w,] hf] pgL eGbf ltg jif{n] h]7f lyP .

–…x}g, s]xL ePsf] 5}g .Ú pgL xfF:g] k|of; ug{ yfn] .

–…s]xL geO sf]xL o;/L===<Ú dg k|;fbn] ts{ l´ls xfn] . bz/y eg] o:t}p:t} s'/f u/]/ 5Nb} lyP . xfdL ltg} hgfn] kTofP´}F u¥of},F dgdf eg] gld7f] cg'el" t rflxF hd]s} lyof] . otfsf] s'/f u¥of},F ptfsf] s'/f u¥of}F . s'/f ubf{ub}{ klg xfdL afFsL ltgn], a]nfa]nf cg'et" ul/ /x]sf lyof},F bz/y w]/} af]ln /x]sf lyPgg\ . geP pgL g} lyP, xfd|f] ;d"xdf a9L af]Ng] . ljutdf u/]sf s:tfs:tf p/G7]pnf cg'ej l´s]/ xfdLnfO{ v'k xF;fpg pgL lgs} vlKk; lyP . lgs} /dfOnf] nfUYof], jftfj/0f, 3/df eGbf ;FuftLx?sf] lardf . cfhsf] e]63f6 sfo{qmd ;dfkg x'g] a]nf klg cfof] . s'j/] / dg k|;fb qmdzM labfjf/L eO lxF8] . bz/y eg] 6;sf] d; ul/ /x]sf lyPgg\ ha ls pgL g} klxnf xtfl/Gy], :jfefljs klg lyof], af6f]sf lx;fan] .

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 15

lh1f;fsf] /]vf tfg]/ x]/,F] pgL la:tf/} p7\b} eg], …cfh l9nf] eP5, s;/L kf] hfg] xf] <Ú jf:tjdf ;fljss} ;do lyof], lsg o:tf] axfgf agfO /x]5g\, 5Ss kg{ yfn] .

3/ hfg dg 5}g < 5}g eg] s] u/f}=F ==cfk"m klg 5f]/f a'xf/Ls} z/0fdf 5' . 5f]/fn] Tolt k|ult ug{ ;s]g, x}l;ot cg';f/sf] ;fgf] 3/ p7fof] . d}n] a]n}df hUuf EofPsf] lyP /===. ;fgf] 3/df d a'9fnfO{ sf]7f klg ;fg} lbOof] . of] t pgL klg hfGby] . a? pgL g} ;DkGg lyP===nf} t egF" eg] xfd|f] d08nLdf pgL g} of]Uo 5f]/fsf of]Uo afa' aGg] ;f}efUo k|fKt u/]sf k'?if lyP . pgL a]nf a]nfdf ;'gfO klg /xGy]— d]/f] 5f]/fn] o:tf] /fd|f] u¥of], d]/L a'xf/Ln] p:tf] /fd|f] u/L . dnfO{ eujfg\ g} t'NofP/ ;]jf u/]sf 5g\ . slt k6s t s'j/] n] gfs} v'DrfPsf lyP, of] a'9f] slt ukm lbG5 z}nLdf . s'j/] t s'j/] , dg k|;fb klg slxn] sfxLF dnfO{ ;f]Wy], …x}g, bz/yhLn] eg]h:tf] j[4 afa'nfO{ o:tf] /fd|f] ug]{ lgs} /fd|f 5f]/f a'xf/L xf]nfg\ ltgsf <Ú eP t cr]nsf] o'udf ;fj{hlgs clegGbg g} ug{' k5{ . ltgsf] cfzo lyof] . sf/0f, xfdLdWo] s;}n] klg o:tf 5f]/f a'xf/L ;'gs ] f;Dd lyPgf}F . sf/0f < k|:6} 5 . d s]xL eGg ;lStgy],F elg lbGy],F …xfdLdWo] sf]xL klg pgsf] 3/df k'us ] f 5}gf}F . xf]nf klg===lsgeg] o; pd]/df j[4n] s] e'm6 af]Ny], af]n] klg s] kmfObf .Ú cflb OToflb . a'9fsf] cfh 3/df s] eof], ;f]r/] d}n] g} kxn u/],F cfh d]/f]df g} hfg] xf] ls < ;'Gg] lalQs}, h:tf] w]/} ;dob]lv cf; lyof], pl7 xfn] . nu],F h]h:tf] ;lsG5, ?vf;'vfn] /ft sf6\g kg]{ eof] pgnfO{ . ;ª\sf]r t lyof] g}, pgsf 5f]/f h:tf] d]/f] 5f]/f] ;DkGg lyPg, s;/L lnFbf x'g\ o;nfO{ . t}, crDd ef], pgn] dhfl;t /ft sf6] . laxfg b]V5', lxhf] cl:t eGbf ´g\ k'mlt{nf b]lvGy] .

ToxL k'mlt{sf ;fy 5'6l\ 6Psf] dfG5] ltg xKtf eO ;Sof], cfO k'us ] f lyPgg\ . d08nL z"Go k|foM lyof] . ca bl/nf] x]Ssf eof], pgn] kmf]g g+= klg

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 16

k|1f–ultljlw

lbPsf lyPgg\ . s] eof] < la/fdL kf] k/] ls, d08nLnfO{ nfUg' :jfefljs} lyof] . xfd|f] s]Gb|Lo ljifo g} pg} x'Gy] . ca t ePg, s'a/] tfltP, ltgn] atfPs} 7]ufgfdf k'uf}F . /fo g/fd|f] lyPg, s]xL a]/ 3f]l/of},F ;a l7s t 5 o;df . cGttM nfUg] g} lgZro eof] . ;f]wLvf]hL u¥of] eg] eujfg\ t ldN5g\ elgG5, pgsf] 7]ufgf kQf nufpg slt ufx|f] xf] / Û nueu ;f9] b'O{ 3G6f vr{ u¥of},F o;}df .

5f]/f] ;x ;lrj . pgs} gfdn] 3/ klxrfg ug{' k¥of] . dg k|;fbsf] t cg'dfg lyof], aª\unf g} x'g' k5{ v8f u/]sf], sf/0f bz/yhL 5f]/fsf] To:tf aofg r'xfpFy,] h;df eJotfsf] /f}gs 6lNs /x]s} x'GYof], 6nSs .

3/ ;fwf/0f} /x]5, 5f]/fsf] eJotfsf] cufl8 . xfd|f nflu t aª\un} xf], 7xl/G5 . d]/f] cnUu} wf/0ff lyof], g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;x;lrj jf cGo ;lrj, o:t} xf], 3/ ;DklQ b]vfpgnfO{ . leqleq} t s]s] xf] s]s ] ] . ck/Dkf/} x'G5 lg . clVtof/sf] k':tfsf k':tf j[l4 eP/ hfG5g\, ltgsf] gfnLa]nL kQf nufpg . af]nfof}F . k|ltlqmof cfPg . lbpF;f] eP/ xf] ls, s]xL gePsf] . u]6df Wjlg pTkGg ub}{ Ps} ;f;df af]nfof}, …bz/yhL .Ú aNn …vœofSsÚ cfjfh;Fu} d"n u]6d} 6fl;Psf] ;fgf] b}nf] vf]lnof] . njfOn] a'´fpg] z}nLsf] klx/gdf Pp6f s]6f] b]lvof], u[x ;xfos g} x'g' k5{ .

Ps l5g xfdL ltg} hgfnfO{ ;/;tL{ x]/k] l5 s]6f] af]Nof], …sNnfO{ vf]Hg' ef] < Ú –…afa' oxfF bz/yhL a:g' x'G5 <Ú –…P===xh'/a'jfnfO{ < x'g' x'G5 ptf .Ú xfdL lelqof}F . 3/sf] d"n åf/lt/ hfg nfu]sf xfdLnfO{ j/}af6 s]6fn] xkf¥of], …Totf xf]Og, otf otf .Ú 3/ k5fl8lt/ lxF8o\ f], xfdL Pscsf{sf] d'vfd'v u/]/ nfUof},F Tot} . ;fgf] s6]/f] lyof] . s]6fn] 9f]sf vf]ln lbP/ af]nfof], …xh'/a'jf===.Ú xfdL lelqof}F t cf]xf] Û leqsf] c:t Jo:ttfn] g} lj1fkg ul/ /x]sf] lyof] . s] < Tof] xfdL ldqu0fnfO{

dg} lrdf]6g\ u/L yfxf lyof] . t, s] oltGh]n bz/yn] xfdLnfO{ ´'66\ f s'/f dfq ;'gfPsf lyP < Tof] lsg t . cg]s k|Zgx? dgel/ ;k{ em}F d8fl/g yfn] . sf]7f hlt lyof], Tof] eGbf a9L c:tJo:t pgsf] xfn lyof] . pgnfO{ vfgf lbOg] s6sl6Psf] yfnn] g} ;a} s'/f atfO ;s]sf] lyof] . Ps ´kd} .

Tolt t xfd|f] ;d]t xfn lyPg, 5f]/f a'xf/Lsf] Jojxf/ t ;a}nfO{ p:t} xf] t/ pgnfO{ ´g\ a9L /x]5 . dnfO{ eg] v'ln ;s]sf] lyof], kl5Nnf] k6s lsg pgL 3/ kms{g dfg]gg\ . xfdLnfO{ x]g{} ;s]gg\, lgs} a]/;Dd . kl5 s]6fnfO{ …hfÚ eg]/ pgn] nfdf] pR5\jf; 5f8] .

– …a'9f dfG5]sf :jf:gL gx'g' eg]sf]===.Ú pgnfO{ lxSsf cfof], cl3 g} n'sfP/ cfF;' k'l5 ;s]sf lyP, Ps l5gkl5 af]Ng] k|oTg u/], …slt k|fy{gf u/]/ hGdfPsf] 5f]/f] of]====x'sf{pgnfO{ Tolts} d]xgt====.

5f]/L kfof] eg] x]yL{ ls a?, 5f]/f] t a'xf/Lsf nflu g} l7Ss .Ú –…5f]/f] To:tf] ls a'xf/L <Ú dg k|;fbn] ;f]w,] sf/0f pgsf] a'xf/Laf6 cfpg] k|xf/ xfdLn] a'´s ] f lyof}F .

–…5f]/f] l7s} lyof] . lax]kl5 t====k]ml/ cfkm}n F ] dfu]/ lax] ul/ lbPsf] a'xf/L xf]====s;nfO{ bf]if lbg] < d} a'9fsf] vKk/ To:tf] .Ú PSsfl; jftfj/0f u¥x'uF f] eof] . xfdLdWo]

sf]xL klg s]xL af]Ng] ;fx;df /x]gf}F . w]/} a]/kl5 pgL g} af]n,] …tkfO{x+ ?nfO{ ´"6 af]Ng'df===d]/} :jefj xf], ;Gtfgk|lt clt/l~ht dfof xf]Og . ;fg}bl] v cfk"m;Fu h] 5}g, Tof] ePsf s'/f c¿nfO{ ;'gfP/ cfˆg} dgnfO{ 9fF6g\ =] ==9'Ss kfg]{ d]/f] afgL===.Ú ?Fnf?Fnf h:t} u/] ca t .

–…bz/yhL===cgf}7f] t s]xL /x]g, xfdLnfO{ g} x]gf]; { =\ ===s] xfdLn] dfq of] kL8f gef]us ] f xf}n F f < s] xfdLnfO{ dfq gflt gfltgLnfO{ v]nfP/ 3/d} /ld /xg] rfxgf lyPg xf]nf <Ú –…s'/f Tof] dfq xf]Og====ca cd]l/sfdf :of6n8fpg ug]{ eGb} 5====clVotf/n] k~hf k}mnfpg'cl3 . dnfO{ t yfª\g] g} ;D´] . cfk}mF cfˆgf] Joj:yf ug{" /] .Ú –…xF <Ú t:of}+{ ;a} hgf .

–…;fgf]df of] 5f]/f]===3/ gcfpFbf /fte/ stfstf k'u/] vf]lhgF ls===t/ ca of]===.Ú –…To:tf] <Ú ´f]s} rNof] dnfO{, …l7s 5, cfh e]6/] } hfcf}F g t . yf]qf] ;fdfg} 7fGof] ls Sof To;n] cfk}mn F fO{ hGdfpg] afa'nfO{ <Ú –…a]sf/ 5 . slt eGg' <Ú cf]x o:tf] kf] Û ca slt eGg' eGg] < xfdL j[4x? s] g} eGg ;SYof}F / Û 8'Ag nfu]sf 3fd g xf},F s;n] Wofg lbg] Û a; olt s'/f dgdf ;fFRg' afx]s— xfd|f ;GtfgnfO{ klg a'9; ] sfndf ltgsf ;Gtfgn] To:t} dfof unf{g\ h'g xfdL clxn] rflx /x]sf 5f}F <Ú ;

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syf

Ps /ft dnfO{ b]pm kßfjtL l;+x cfh w]/} jif{jfb ?aLnfO{ cs:dft\ b]Vbf d x]¥of x]¥o} ePF . d}n] ;kgfdf klg lrtfPsf] lyPg ls ?aL d]/f] ;fd' b]vf kl5{g\ egL . d}n] lgofn]/ x]/–F] xf] pgL ?aL g} lyOg\ . w]/} jif{ gb]v] klg ?aLnfO{ lrGg dnfO{ ufx|f] ePg . lhG; kfOG6, n]b/ Hofs]6 / uuN; nufO l8kf6{dG] 6 :6f]/df ;lkª ul/ /x]sL ?aLnfO{ d}n] 6f9}af6 lrg]F . ;f]Rb} g;f]rs ] f] s'/f 36] h:tf] pgnfO{ cgfo; e]6g\ ' d]/f nflu ;'vb\ cfZro{ lyof] . d l56f] l56f] pgsf] glur xtfl/P/ k'uF] . Ps dgn] t ?aLnfO{ ge]6e ' m}F nfUof] t/ pgsf] ;fldKo k|fKt ug{ dg nfnflot eof] . ;fob ?aLn] dnfO{ b]lvgg\ Sof / =====pgL km6fkm6 cl3 al9g\ . …?aL ====.Ú d}n] ;':t/L af]nfPF . d}n] dflg;x?sf] eL8nfO{ lrb}{ pgnfO{ k5\ofO /x]F . l8kf6{dG] 6 :6f]/sf] u]6lt/ k'uk] l5 d}n] cln 7'nf] :j/n] af]nfP– …P ?aL ===.Ú aNn pgn] kms]/{ x]l/g\ . ;fob\ dnfO{ lrlggg\ Sof /], ckl/lrtn] em}F pgn] dnfO{ lgofn]/ x]l/g\ . …PS;So"hdL– d}n] tkfO+n { fO{ lrlgg lg .Ú pgn] cª\uh |] L efiffdf af]lng\ . …ltdLn] dnfO{ lrlggfF} <=====d ;'zfGt .Ú …cf]x Û s:tf] ;'vb\ cfZro{===ÛÚ ?aLsf] cg'xf/el/ k|zGgtf 5l/of] . …cf]x ;'zfGt====<Ú pgn] dnfO{ UjfDnfªu cª\ufnf] xflng\ . …s] u/]sL of/=== .Ú d ;s\ksfPF . …of] cd]l/sf xf] . oxfF o;/L g} clejfbg ul/G5 cfˆgf ldqnfO{ .Ú pgL d nhfPsf] b]v/] xfFl;g\ . …s:tf] lrGg} g;lsg] eP5f} . lgSs} df]6fP5f} ====.Ú pgn] dnfO{ tnb]lv dfly;Dd b[li6 ˆofFSb} elgg\ .

…cfh ljs]G8, d k|mL 5' . lxF8 dl;t ===.Ú pgn] sf/sf] 9f]sf vf]nL a:g] cfu|x ul/g\ . d pgLl;t} cufl8 l;6df a;]F . To;kl5 uf8L Go'of]ss { f] lrKnf] km/flsnf] ;8sdf tLj| ultdf x'OF lsof] . pgsf] Wofg uf8L xfFSgdf s]lG›t eO /Xof] . d rflxF P]gfaf6 Go'of]ss { f] uugr'DaL 3/x? k5fl8 bf}l8 /x]sf] x]l/ /x]F . sl/a cfwf 3G6fsf] 8«fOekl5 uf8L b'O{ tNn] 3/ cufl8 /f]lsof] . …of] d]/f] 3/ xf] .Ú sf/af6 cf]nb+{ } elgg\ .

3/sf] 9f]sf p3f/]/ ?aLn] dnfO{ cfˆgf] 3/df :jfut ul/g\ . …j]nsd 6' dfO xf]d .Ú pgn] uf8Lsf] 9f]sf vf]Nb} dnfO{ cfˆgf] 3/leq nlug\ . a}7s sf]7fdf a;fP/ pgL k|m] ; x'g /]i6 ?dlt/ nflug\ . d}n] ;/;tL{ a}7s sf]7fnfO{ lg/LIf0f u/]F . ;lh–;hfp a} 7 s sf] 7 fsf] leQfdf g] k fnsf dlGb/x?sf] lrq e'mG8\ofOPsf] lyof] . sf]7fsf] larsf] leQfdf cfFvL‰ofn lyof] eg] s'gflt/ 6fFl;Psf] Pp6f t]n lrqdf uO d]/f] cfFvf 7f]lSsP . Tof] lrq d}n] pgnfO{ g]kfndf pgsf] hGdlbgdf pkxf/ lbPsf] lyPF . t]nlrq cufl8 uO d plePF . t]nlrqsf] d'lGt/ s]xL zAbx? n]vL k]i6 ul/Psf] lyof] …;'zfGt d ;bf ltdLl;t 5' .Ú d k9]/ xif{ ljef]/ ePF . d}n] ;f]rs ] f] lyPF – ?aLn] dnfO{ lal;{ ;lsg\ . pgL cd]l/sf cfPkl5 oxfFsf] ef}lts ;+;f/df x/fO ;lsg\ t/ d]/f] ;f]rfO unt /x]5 . jt{dfgaf6 p8]/ d]/f] dg ljutdf sfjf vfg yfNof] . d / ?aL ;xkf7L lyof}F . xfdLdf k|uf9 ldqtf lyof] . s]6L eP klg ?aL s]6f h:t} lgeL{s / lg8/ lyOg\ . s]6f ;fyLx?l;t lgw{Ss af]lNyg\ / xfF;v]n uly{g\ . c¿ s]6Lx? h:tf] ;ª\s'lrt ljrf/wf/f pgdf lyPg . h] s'/f klg lg;ª\sf]r

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k|1f–ultljlw

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v'Nndv'Nnf uly{g\ . ;an] pgnfO{ …ljGbf;Ú eg]/ ;+1f lbPsf lyP . pgsf]] oxL Jojxf/ / :jefjn] dnfO{ pgsf] lgs6 k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . :jR5Gb eP klg lg:sk6, lgZrn / ;fx|} OG6]lnh]G6 lyOg\ . k9\gdf t]h x'gfn] Snf;df ;a}nfO{ pl5lGyg\ . pgLnfO{ pl5Gg ;a}n] d]xgt uy]{ t/ pgL ;w}F k|yd x'lGyg\ / d rflxF låtLo . xfdL b'Od{ f Ps csf{nfO{ pl5Gg] ;w}F xf]8afhL rNYof] . Ps lbg d}n] eg],F …of/, hlQs} k|of; u/] klg d}n] ltdLnfO{ pl5Gg ;lsg .Ú …6«fO{ PG8 6«fO cu]g .Ú ?aL d';S' s xfF;/] elGyg\ . cfO=P:;L;Dd xfdLn] ;Fu} Pp6} SofDk;df cWoog u¥of}F . cfO=P:;Ldf pgn] l8l:6ª\;g NofOg\ eg] d k|yd >]0fLdf ptL{0f ePF . To;kl5 xfd|f] af6f] 5'6l\ 6of] .

5fqj[lQ kfO d]l8sn k9\g pgL cd]l/sflt/ nflug\ . d rflxF sf7df8f}dF } k9\g afWo ePF . xfdL b'O{ larsf] ldqtf olt k|uf9 lyof] ls Ps lbg e]6g] f}F eg] dnfO{ 56k6L x'GYof] . SofDk;df xfdL ;fy} a:Yof}F / k/LIffsf] ;do …sDafOG8 :68LÚ uYof}+{ . Ps csf{sf ;d:of cfk;df afF8Y\ of}F . ;a}n] xfdLnfO{ …/f]ldof] PG8 h'lno6Ú eg]/ lh:sfpFy] t/ xfdLdf k|uf9 ldqtf eP klg xfdLleq k|d] df}nfPsf] lyPg . xfd|f] ldqtf dfq ldqtfdf ;Lldt lyof] . ha pgL 5fqj[lQ kfP/ cd]l/sf hfg] lglZrt eof] ta d ;fx|} ljrlnt ePF . pgLl;tsf] la5f]8sf] sNkgf dfqn] d]/f] /f]d /f]d sfFKg yfNof] . pgL ljgfsf] hLjg dnfO{ cw'/f] nfUg yfNof] . ta d}n] cg'ej u/]F – d pgnfO{ x[bon] rfxFbf] /x]5' . d}n] of] klg dx;'; u/]F ls pgL d]/f] hLjgsf] Ps cleGg cª\u alg ;s]sL /lx l5g\ . d]/f] dg pgLl;tsf] lj5f]8sf] sNkgfn] dfq xfxfsf/ eof] . pgL pHofnf] eljiolt/ cu|;/ x'g' d]/f] nflu v';Lsf] s'/f eP klg pgL ljgfsf] ;+;f/ cFWof/f] x'g] ;DemL ;DemL d 56k6fpg yfn]F . pgn] s]xL ;fyLnfO{ 3/df ljbfOsf] kf6L{ lbPsL lyOg\ . ;a}n] pgnfO{ awfO{ lbP t/ d}n] ljbfOsf] To; kf6L{df c>'ldl>t gogn] eg],F …?aL, cfO ljn ld; o' .Ú ?aLn] klg xfF:b} eg]sL lyOg\, …cfO ljn cN;f] ld; o' .Ú d]/f] c>' ldl>t goglt/ x]b{} efj's ag]/ pgn] elgg\, …;'zfGt, xfdL lar ef}uf]lns b"/L eP tfklg d ;w}F ltd|f] glur x'g5 ] ' . ;Dem d]/f] z/L/

ltdLaf6 6f9f eP klg dg rflxF ltdLl;t} x'g5 ] .Ú pgn] o;f] eg] klg d]/f] dg a'lem /x]sf] lyPg . pgLl;t 5'6l\ 6g' cl3Nnf] /ft d lgbfpg} ;lsgF . ?aLsf] la5f]8sf] kL8fdf d r'Nn'Dd 8'la /x]F . dgdf 3l/3l/ cg]s zª\sfx?n] cfO dnfO{ 8:g yfn]– st} ?aLsf] ;fy ;bfsf nflu 5'6g\ ] t xf]Og < 6f9f ePkl5 dg klg 6f9f x'G5 – cd]l/sf uPkl5 cs}{ ;fyL agfpg] t 5}gg\ < Po/kf]6d { f pgLnfO{ labfO ug{ hfFbf /ftf] u'nfkmsf] u'R5fn] labfO ub}{ d}n] klxnf] rf]6L k|d] sf] pb\uf/ kf]v,F] …cfO ne o' . 8f]G6 km/u]6 dL .Ú o;f] eGbf d]/f] unf cj?4 eof] . d]/f] cfFvf /;fP/ cfof] . pgn] dlt/ x]b{} elgg\, …cfO ljn g]e/ km/u]6 o' . d ltd|f] ;w}F ;fy /xg]5' .Ú To;kl5 pgL xjfOhxfh r9]/ cfsfzdf ljnfOg\ . pgL uPlt/ x]b{} d w]/} a]/ 6f]nfO /x]F . o:tf] nfUof] dfgf}F d]/f] x[bo g} r'lF 8P/ pl;t uPsf] xf] ls h:tf] efg ef] dnfO{ . pgL cd]l/sf uPkl5 d]/f] hLjgdf lg/fzf 5fof] . dnfO{ s]xL ug]{ pT;fx ePg . ;+;f/ g} lj/fgf] nfUof] dnfO{ . d]/f] dgn] pgnfO{ x/ kn, x/ If0f ;Demg yfNof] . ?aLnfO{ sxfF b]v–F' sxfF e]6F' h:tf] eO d]/f] dg ljrlnt x'g yfNof] . kq}lkR5] ?aLn] dnfO{ ;DemfpFlyg\, …;'zfGt, xfdL larsf] ldqtf k|uf9 5, slxNo} 6'6g\ ] 5}g . xfdLn] clxn] s]xL g;f]rL cfˆgf] Wofg k9fOdf s]lG›t ug'{ k5{ . xfd|f] clxn]sf] ;do k9\g] ;do xf] . k9fOnfO{ g} xfdLn] k|fyldstf lbg' k5{ . To;}n] ltdLn] klg ;Dk"0f{ Wofg k9fOdf s]lG›t u/ . cf– cfˆgf] k9fO ;s]kl5 km]l/ xfdL Ps csf{sf] glur x'g] g} 5f}F .Ú t/ d]/f] Wofg k9fOdf k6Ss} hfFbg} Yof] . s]jn pgsf] kqsf] k|tLIffdf g} ;do laTYof] . cfh eGbf bz jif{ cufl8sf] s'/f xf] of] . clxn] h:tf] OG6/g]6sf] ;'ljwf lyPg . ePsf] eP xfd|f] e]6 k]m;a'sdf x'GYof] xf]nf . lj:tf/} la:tf/} k9fOsf] Jo:ttfsf] rfkn] ubf{ xf]nf ?aLn] kqfrf/ sd ub}{ uOg\ . xfdL larsf] ;Dks{ kftnf] x'bF } uof] . ?aLsf] k|fyldstf k9fO lyof] . pgsf] ;kgf pRr lzIff xfl;n ug'{ lyof] . Pd=lj=lj=P;df o'lgel;{6Ldf 6k u/L pgn] df:6/ Og d]l8l;g ug{

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yflng\ . pgsf] k9fO slxNo} 6'ªl\ uPg . *÷!) jif{sf] bf}/fg pgL Ps kN6 dfq g]kfn cfOg\ . d}n] ca ?aLnfO{ 6f9fsf] lxdfn ;Dem] . pgL d]/f] nflu rfx]/ klg 5'g g;lsg] rG›;/L eOg\ . d]/f] ;lNs /x]sf] dgdf pgL slxn] h'g agL pbfpg] xf]– To;sf] ;Defjgf klg sd b]Vg yfn]F . ;dosf] ultl;t} d]/f] pgLk|ltsf] kfunkg sd x'bF } uof] . d}n] pgnfO{ x[bosf] Ps s'gfdf yGsfpg afWo ePF . d]/f] w}os { f] ;Ldfn] g]6f] sf6\of] .

To;kl5 d}n] pgsf] af6f] x]l/gF . cleefjssf] s/sfk / 3/ Jojxf/ rnfpg lax] /rfPF . …;/L, d}n] ltdLnfO{ w]/} a]/ s'/fPF xlu <Ú g'xfPsf] 5f]6f] skfnnfO{ ub{gel/ lkmhfP/ pgL d]/f] ;fd' al;g\ . pgL klxn] eGbf kl/kSs / ;'Gb/ b]lvOg\ . d x]¥of x]¥o} ePF– d'Uw eP/ . …ca eg– s] 5 ltd|f] xfnva/ < lsg ltdLn] dl;t ;Dks{ ug{ 5f]8o\ f}F <Ú d}n] s]xL af]Ng plrt 7flggF . s]jn 6'n6' n' ' pgsf] d'xf/df x]l/ /x]F . s] eg'F / s] af]nF ' h:tf] eO /Xof] . …skmL lkpF5f} <Ú d]/f] k|To'Q/ gkvL{{ pgn] b'O{ sk skmL agfP/ 6]an ' df /fVb} elgg\– …s]xL af]Nb}gf} <Ú …s] af]Ng]–af]Ng] ljifo g} 5}g .Ú d}n] d'v vf]nF] . …d]/f]af/] s]xL hfGg rfxFbg} f} <Ú …cfkm} egg t =====.Ú d}n] a]d ] gn] eg]F . …x}g, ltdL t Psbd a]Un} eP5f} . sxfF uof] ltd|f] r'na'nk] g / x;Ldhfs ug]{ afgL < ltdL t w'lDdPsf] afbn h:t} eP5f} .Ú dnfO{ d'v kmf]//] eGg dg nfUof], …To;sf] sf/s tTTj ltdL g} xf} . ltdLn] d]/f] ;f/f v';L r'8fln lbof}F .Ú 3fF6L;Dd cfO ;s]sf] s'/fnfO{ d}n] lard} /f]sF] . k|yd e]6d} gld7f] af]Ng dgn] vj/bf/L u¥of] . …yfxf 5 ltdLnfO{– d oxfFsf] gfdL d]l8sn sn]hdf k|fk] m];/ 5' . d ;fx|} Jo:t 5' . k9fOsf] ;fy;fy} d}n] l/;r{ klg ul/ /x]sL 5' . dnfO{ t ;fFRr} eGg] xf] eg] vfg;d]t km';b{ 5}g . aNn d]/f] ;kgf k'/f x'bF 5 } h;sf] nflu d}n] lbg /ft Ps u/]sL 5' .Ú pgn] pT;flxt x'bF } elgg\ . …d]/f] ;kgf etfe'ªu\ u/L ltdLn] cfˆgf] ;kgf k'/f ul/5]p– awfO t lbg} k5{ ltdLnfO{ .Ú cgfof;}

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k|1f–ultljlw

d]/f] d'vaf6 oL s'/f k'mlTsP . …s] eGb} 5f} xF ltdL <Ú ?aLsf] cfjfh s7f]/ ePsf] rfn kfPF d}n] . …xf] ?aL, d h] eGb}5–' ;'Gbf ltdLnfO{ s6' nfUnf t/ o;df ;Totf n's]sf] 5 . ltdLaf6 cnlUuP kl5 d]/f] hLjg nyflnª\u eof] . d}n] cfk"mnfO{ ;DxfNg ;lsgF g cfˆgf] hLjgnfO{ ;xL lbzfdf df]8g\ ;s]F . ltdL d]/f] cfTdan lyof}, ltdLn] 5f]8/] uPkl5 d lgj{n ePF .Ú …w]/} ;]G6L gxf]pm . hLjgdf nIo e]6fpg w]/} ;ª\3if{ ug'{ k5{ . sf]/f efj'stfn] hLjg cl3 a9\bg} . d}n] ;w}F ltdLnfO{ alnof] / ;an b]Vg rfx]–F ltdL t ;fx|} lga{n k'?if /x]5f}F . d}n] cfˆgf] nIo lgwf{l/t u/]F / To;sf] k|flKtsf] nflu ;ª\3if{zLn eO /x]–F nIolt/ lg/Gt/ nlDs /x]F t/ ltdLn] cfˆgf] nIo lgwf{l/t ug{ ;s]gf} . kmf];f| ] k|d ] sf] clego ug{lt/ nfUof} . ltd|f] k|d ] , k|d ] g} xf]Og . k|d ] n] t ;w}F phf{ lbG5– pT;fx el/ lbG5 .Ú ?aL s]xL pTt]lht b]lvOg\ . d Ps l5g pgsf] s'/f ;'g/] /GylgPF . stf stf dnfO{ pgsf] s'/fdf ;Totf n's] e}mF nfUof] . x'g klg xf] d}n] k|d ] sf] clego dfq u/]F h:tf] nfUof], To;sf] ;Ddfg ug{ hflgg . lsgls ddf w}o,{ cf:yf / cfTdljZjf; lyPg . pgsf] s'/f ;'gk] l5 d]/f] 1fgsf] rIf' vf]n] e}mF eof]] . d}n] :jLsf/f]lSt hgfpFb} eg],F …dfkm u/ ?aL, d ltdL h:tf] OG6]lnh]G6 5}g . ltd|f] oxL :jefjn] dnfO{ ltdLk|lt cfslif{t u/]sf] lyof] . ltd|f] ;ª\utn] d}n] ltdLaf6 s]xL l;Sg ;s]g5' . ltdLn] eg]sf] s'/f ;To xf] –k|d ] nfO{ x]g{] d]/f] b[li6sf]0f unt /x]5 . zf/Ll/s ;fldKonfO{ g} k|d ] sf] k|flKt 7fg]F . ddf ltdLdf h:tf] w}o{ g} /x]g5 . ;fFRr} eg'–F d ltd|f] k|d ] L aGg g} nfos /x]g5' .Ú af]Nbfaf]Nb} d]/f] unf cj?4 eof] . d]/f] b'j} cfFvf cfF;n ' ] 6Dd el/of] . dnfO{ o:tf] nfUof] d pgsf] cufl8 afpGg] ePF . pgsf] prfO d]/f] eGbf w]/} dfly eP h:tf] nfUof] . stfstf dnfO{ xLgtfaf]w eof] . k9fOdf t pgn] pl5g]sL lyOg\, ;f]r / ljrf/df klg pgn] pl5g]sf] d}n] cg'ej u/]F . …nf}, nf}, ca w]/} efj's gag . dfG5]sf] ;f]Rg] cf–cfˆgf] kf/f x'G5 . b[li6sf]0f klg km/s km/s x'G5 . ltdL / ddf oxL km/s 5, ltdL efj's 5f}–

d rflxF Jofjxfl/s .Ú pgn] d]/f] lk7\oF' yk ykfOg\ . …ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5}g xf]nf ?aL– d}n] ltd|f] k|d ] sf] cgfbf/ u/]F . ltd|f] lj5f]8af6 sxflnP/, ltd|f] kvf{Oaf6 cflQP/ kf]xf]/ d}n] ljjfx u/]F . ljjfx ug'{ Ps cy{df ltdLl;t cfj|mf]z kf]Vg' lyof] . ljjfx u/] klg d ;'vL rflxF eOgF .Ú d]/f] s'/f ;'gL ?aL s]xL a]/ 6f]nfOg\ . …ltdLn] ljjfx u/]sf]df d]/f] s'g} u'gf;f] 5}g . ltdLn] k|d] u¥of}, w}o{ u/]gf} . d}n] ltdLnfO{ 3lgi6 ldq 7fg]F t/ k|d] ul/gF . k|d] ljjfxd} 6'ªl\ ug k5{ eGg] d]/f] ;f]rfO 5}g . ljjfx t Ps ;fdflhs aGwg xf] . oxfF dflg;x? Ps cfk;df k|d] u5{g\ t/ ljjfxsf] aGwgdf afFlwg rfxFbg} g\ . ltdLn] ljjfx u/] klg dnfO{ s]xL km/s kb}g{ . ltd|f] / d]/f] ldqtfdf o;n] s]xL c;/ ub}g{ . k|d] df w}o{ / ;dk{0fsf] efj x'g' k5{, Tof] ltdLdf 5}g . To;}n] ltdL k|d] df c;kmn eof} .Ú d cjfs\ ag]/ pgsf] s'/f ;'lg /x]F . slt pRr ljrf/ / ljzfn 5flt ====Û k|d] sf] ;xL cy{ / kl/efiff aNn a'em] e}mF eof] dnfO{ . s]xL a]/ d lz/ lgx'/fO r'k nflu /x]F . pgLl;t k|ltsf/ ug]{ ddf ;fdYo{ g} geP e}mF d s]jn pgsf] cg'xf/ x]/L 6f]nfO /xF] . pgL / d lar c;xh l:yltsf] l;h{gf eof] . c;xh l:yltnfO{ ;xh agfpg pgn] xfF:b} elgg\, …ca 5f]8 oL s'/fx? ====. ltd|f] / d]/f] ;'vb\ ldngnfO{ ;]lna|]6 u/f}F .Ú pgn] b/fhaf6 :oflDkPg lemsL kmf]l8g\ . b'O{6f Unf;df e/]/ Pp6f d]/f] xftdf ydfO lbOg\ / Pp6f cfk"mn] ;dfltg\ . xfdL b'j}n] Pscsf{sf] Unf; 5f]O …lro;{Ú eGofF} / :oflDkPg 3'6'Ss lkof}F . To;kl5 ?aLn] l8g/ tof/ ul/g\ . ;fydf l8g/ vfO xfdLn] ;f/f lttf s'/fx?nfO{ lal;{ lbof}F . …ltdL s] sfdn] Go"of]s{ cfof} < ltd|f] a;fOF slxn];Dd 5 <Ú ?aLn] dlt/ x]b{} ;f]lwg\ . …d Pp6f ;]ldgf/df efu lng cfPsf] x'F . ca d]/f] a;fOF dfq ;ft lbg 5 .Ú …l7s 5, ;ft lbg k|To]s ;fFem d ltdLnfO{ ;fy lbg]5,' x'G5 <Ú ?aLn] xfF:b} elgg\\ . k|To'Q/df d}n] dfq …x'G5Ú ;"rs 6fpsf] xNnfPF . …of/– ltdL t p:t} /x]5f} .Ú ?aLn] xfF:b} elgg\– …ba+u .Ú pgn] dnfO{ cfk}m uf8L xfFsL d a;]sf] xf]6n ] df 5f]l8g\ . ?aLl;tsf] e]63f6kl5 d}n] cg'ej u/]–F

?aL h:tf] klxn] lyOg\, clxn] klg p:t} l5g\ . cfk'm dfq ablnPsf] d}n] rfn kfPF . …?aL o" cf/ u|6] ===.Ú d}n] dgdg} ?aLsf] k|z;+ f u/]F . ?aLl;tsf] e]6kl5 d]/f] dgsf] cFWof/f] pHofnf]df kl/jt{g eof] . d]/f] pgLk|lt / hLjgk|lt ;f]rfO g} ;sf/fTds eO lbof] . cfˆgf] x[bodf c8\lsPsf] 7"n} af]em la;fP e}mF dg xn'ªu\ f] eof] / x[boel/ emndNn 3fd nfu] e}mF cg'ej eof] dnfO{ . w]/} jif{kl5 cfh d k/d ;'v tyf ;Gt'li6sf] e¥ofª pSn]/ lgG›f b]jLsf] sfvdf ;':tfpg k'uF] . p7\g] lalQs} d}n] ?aLnfO{ kmf]g u/]F / ;fFem k]ml/ e]6g\ ] k|:tfj /fv]F . ?aLl;t Ps xKtf;Dd d}n] Go"of]s{ ;x/ 8'n,F] xf]6ndf l8g/ vfPF / :juL{o cfgGbsf] cg'ej u/]F . hLjgel/ k'mn}km' nsf] j;GtL d]nf cfP e}mF cg'ej ef] dnfO{ . Go"of]s{ 5f]8g\ ] Ps lbg cufl8 d}n] ?aLsf] xft ;dfP/ ljgLt efjdf eg]–F …?aL, cfhsf] Ps /ft dnfO{ b]pm g n <Ú ?aLn] PskN6 dnfO{ lhlNnP/ x]l/g\ . s]xL a]/ ;f]rdf 8'lag\ . To;kl5 dlt/ x]b{} d';S' s xfFl;g\ . d}n] cfk"mnfO{ yfDg ;lsgF . ?aLnfO{ cª\ufnF] . ?aLn] uf8LnfO{ bflxg]lt/ df]8]/ ;8ssf] lsgf/fdf /f]lsg\ . …?aL, d ltdLnfO{ u'dfpg rfxGg . d ltdL ljgf afFRg rfxGg .Ú d s]6fs]6L e}mF pgsf] sfvdf n'6k'l6PF . …;'zfGt, ltdL s]6fs]6L e}mF gag . hLjgsf] jf:tljstfnfO{ a'em . d]/f] k|d ] nfO{ x[boleq /fv . xfd|f] af6f] ca 5'l6 ;s]sf] 5 . k|d ] x[bon] ul/G5– z/L/n] x}g . lhGbuLe/ d ltdLnfO{ k|d ] ul/ g} /xg]5' . hxfF /x] klg d ltd|} ;fy /xg] 5' . /Xof] cfh Ps /ftsf] s'/f, Ps /ft ;fy latfPkl5 5'6l\ 6g emg\ ufx|f] x'g5 ] .Ú …To;}n] u'8 gfO6, ca xfd|f] e]6 Od]n / km];a'sdf x'g5 ] .Ú pgn] dnfO{ cFufNb} elgg\, …cfO ljn ne o" ;'zfGt l6n dfO nf:6 a]y| .Ú Ps csf{sf] cª\ufnf]df afFlwP/ xfdLn] hutnfO{ e'Nof}F . ;do klg 6Ss cl8P e}mF nfUof] dnfO{ . d}n] dgdg} ;f]r–F] of] syf ;'? u/]/ sxfF cGTo ug'{ d}n,] of] ;lNs /x]sf] cfsfznfO{ sxfF zfGt ug'{ d}n] . k|d] sf] ljsf; ;DaGw b]v/] x'bF f] /x]g5 . k|d] t :jod\ ;DaGwsf] ;[li6 ubf]{ /x]5 . ljB't h;/L ljB'tlt/ lvlrG5, k|d] k|d] lt/ cfs[i6 x'bF f] /x]5 . ;

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laxfgsf] lxF8fO k'0o k|;fb v/]n pHofnf] x'bF f x'bF ,} laxfg} Ps 3G6f lxF8g\ ] afgL agfPsf] 5' . 8fS6/n] of] lrgL /f]u nfu]sf] v'6\ofP kl5 eg]sf lyP lg t Û …cd[thL Û laxfg–laxfg b'a} xft dHhfn] lkª v]nfpFb} lxF8g\ ' xf];\ t Û df6f]dl' g kmn]sf sGbd"n gvfg' xf];\ t Û lrgL ldl;Psf vfg]s/' f k/x]h ug'{ xf];\ t Û tkfO{s + f] lrgL/f]u lrlnd\ ===Ú …lrlnd\ eg]sf] <Ú d}n] k|:6 x'g ;f]ws ] f] lyPF . …lrlnd\ eg]sf] vQd\ ÛÚ 8fS6/n] eg]y] . …lgsf] x'G5 ÛÚ eg]sf] d}n] a'em]F / ;f]xL lbgb]lv laxfg–laxfg Ps 3G6f dHhfn] …n]km\–/fO6\Ú ug]{ u/]F . clns cFWof/fdf lxF8g\ lg:sg] / /fd|/L pHofnf] eO ;Stf 3/ cfO k'Ug] d]/f] tflns} aGof] . cfO k'uk] l5 clg ufO{ b'xg' ,] 3fF;kft ug],{ g'xfOw'jfO ug]{ clg dfq vfhf;fhf Û t/ cfh t pHofnf] x'g] a]nfdf e';S' s lgbfOP 5 . emNofF:; Ao'e F mbf t pHofnf] kf] eO ;s]sf] . n'ufkmf6f] le/]/ h'Qfdf]hf nufP/ km6fkm6 lgl:sPF d lxF8fOdf . uf8Lsf] 3f/\–3f/\ 3'/–\ 3'/\ t Tolt lyPg g} d lxF8g\ ] af6fdf . t}klg oxL af6f] eP/ Tof] kNnf] ufpF x'bF } l;dfgf sf6]/ Tot} ef/t k:g ;lsGYof] . d km6fkm6 lxF8g\ yfn]F . lxF8fOdf ;w}F e]l6g] u/]sf cfkm" h:tf lrgLsf ladf/Lx? t cfh cl3 g} kmls{ ;s]sf lyP . s]xLs]xL v]nf8Lx? dfq bf}l8Fb}, …hluªÚ ub}{ kmls{+b} lyP . …xf]Og, cfh t l9nfOP 5 lg ÛÚ Ps hgf lxF8fOs} ;fyL cl3 kms]/{ cfOj/L g'xfP/ lhp k'5t\ } /x]5g\, ˆof6\6 eg] . …o:t} xf] Û lxF8g\ } t xf] cflv/ ÛÚ hjfkm ub}{ d km6fkm6\ a9]F . …ub|s–\ ub|s,\ ub|s–\ ub|sÚ\ clns leGg} kf/fsf] cfjfh d]/f k5fl8af6 cfof] . cfjfh glhs x'Fb}

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k|1f–ultljlw

x'bF } d]/f 5]paf6} Ps hgf nf7] dfG5] efu]sf] kf/fdf dnfO{ pl5g]/ cufl8 a9\of] . xNsf lgnf] Hofs]6, lrl6Sssf] hLg k]G6, sfnf 5fnfsf h'Qf, d}n] k5fl8af6 b]vF] . emnSs b]Vtf ?dfnn] gfs–d'v 5f]ks ] f] h:tf] nfUof] . k5fl8 klg gkmsL{sg Tof] dfG5] s'bs ] } em}F u/L, efu]s} em}F u/L uof] . lxF8fO x]bf{, p;sf] z/L/sf rfn x]bf{, Tof] dfG5] efu]s} h:tf] nfUof] . d]/f dgdf …Tof] dfG5] sf] xf] < Tof] lsg efu]sf] xf] <Ú eGg] k|Zgn] 6fpsf] 3'dfpg yfNof] . …Tof] rf]/ x'g' k5{ Û lxhf] /ftL ærf]/ Û rf]/ ÛÛÚ eg]/ s/fpFb} v'k xNnf u/]sf] s'/f dnfO{ ;Demgf cfof] . …kSsf oxL rf]/ x'g' k5{ . /ftel/ stf n's/] a:of] xf]nf clg ca cfkm"nfO{ pHofnfdf b]V5g\ / lrG5g\ eg]/ 8/n] 6fk s:of] x} ÛÚ o:t} nfUof] dnfO{ . …xf]Og Û of], Tof] rf]/ xf]Og Û Tof] rf]/ ePsf] eP /ftL g} uO ;s]sf] x'GYof] . glrg]sf] rf]/ afa';dfg eG5g\ lg Û pm ToxL rf]/ xf] eGg] s'g} k|df0f klg 5}g / s;}n] pm rf]/ xf] eg]/ lrg]sf] klg 5}g . oxfF p;n] o;/L d'v n'sfP/ efUg' kg]{ g} lyPg . rf]/ t cfkm"nfO{ s;/L glrGg] kfg]{ eg]/ l;kfn' ePsf x'G5g\ . rf]/ g} ePsf] eP klg o;/L gfsd'v 5f]Kg] rflxF lyPg To;n] . To; sf/0f Tof] rf]/ xf]Og ÛÚ d]/f] dgdg}sf] ts{n] 7]sfg u¥of], Tof] dfG5] rf]/ rflxF xf]Og . d km6fkm6 lxFl8 /x]sf] 5' . lxF8fOsf] ultn] / d]/f] xft xNnfOn] k'/} j]u lnO ;s]sf] 5 . lxF8fOs} /fkn] z/L/df tfk l;h{gf eP/ ca kl;gf km'6g\ nfUb}5g\ . d]/f] dg eg] …Tof] efUg nfu]sf] dflg; sf] xf]nf < lsg efu]sf] xf]nf <Ú eGg] s'/fs} ;]/f]km]/f]df ?dlNnO /x]sf] 5 .

…kf]xf]/–k/f/ eP, a};6\7L ;fncl3sf] bzs eP of] s'g} dfcf]jfbL xf]nf ls < ;/sf/L ;]gf– k'ln;sf kmGbfdf kl/G5 ls eg]/ ;'/lIft x'g xtfl/Psf] s'g} …qmflGtsf/LÚ xf]nf ls < eg]/ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsGYof] . Tof] cj:yf klg clxn] 5}g . g]kfnsf s'g} qmflGtsf/L x'F eGg]n] clxn] k'ln;–k|zf;gaf6 efUg' kg]{ 5}g . v'k …qmflGtsf/L x'ÚF eg]/ go} kf6L{ agfpg] ljKnjLn] klg clxn] o;/L eflu xfNg' k/]sf] 5}g . To; sf/0f of] s'g} qmflGtsf/L xf]Og ÛÚ d]/f] dgn] kSsf u¥of] . …To;f] eP sf] xf] t of] eu'jf < efUg t Tof] efu]s} xf] . To;sf] lxF8fO g}, To;sf] d'v–gfs 5f]kfO g} ;fdfGo lyPg . Tof] efUg t efu]s} xf] t/ xf] rflxF sf] t < s] jfkt To;/L laxfg laxfg} efu]sf] xf] t <Ú d]/f] dg Tof] dfG5] efUg'sf] sf/0f vf]tn vftndf lnKt eof] . …uf8L b'36{ gf u/fP/ efUg] s'g} 8«fOe/ kf] xf] ls Tof] <Ú d]/f] dgdf lxhf] cfhsf Psbd w]/} b'36{ gfn] Pp6f zª\sf hGdfof] . …uf8L 7f]SsfpF5g\, dfG5] df5{g\ clg 8«fOe/ efU5g\ . uf8Ln] e'6e \ 6' ,] ;fOsn ofqL jf s'g} k}bn ofqL lsRofpF5g\ clg rDk6 7f]S5g\ . ToxL b'3{6gf u/fP/ efu]sf] 6«s of a;sf] s'g} 8«fOe/ xf]nf Û aHof x]/ Û ptf dfG5] df¥of] ls < km6\ofs\–km6\ofs\ kf¥of] ls < clg efUof] x} ÛÚ em6\6 dgdf nfUof] . …xf]Og Û 8«fOe/ kSs} xf]Og . k|foM 8«fOe/ efu]/ k'ln; clkm;lt/ hfG5g\ . o;/L 7fpF g 7x/ efUb}gg\ . pgLx?n] Tolt a]nf 36gf:yndf x'g] cfqmf];sf] cfqmd0faf6 dfq} efUg] xf] . sfg'g cg';f/ t s] 8/ 5 / To;/L efUg' kg]{ Û uf8L dflnsn] b08 hl/jfgf ltl/ lbO xfN5g\ . la£g eP xKtf–kGw| lbg k'ln; clkm;df a:g] xf] . To; sf/0f of] s'g} 8«fOe/ efu]sf] xf]OgÚ d]/f] dgn] of] efUg] 8«fOe/ xf]Og eGg] kSsf u¥of] . To; dfG5]sf] Tof] Hofs]6, hLgsf] 5l/tf] k]G6, sfnf 5fnfsf h'Qf klg 8«fOe/ rflxF xf]Og eGg] nfUg] kf/fsf lyP . d ;w}F lxF8/] k'Ug] / d]/f] kmls{g] 7fpFdf k'uF] .

Tof] dfG5] t d]/f cfFvfaf6 cl3 g} cf]em]n k/]s} lyof] . ;fob Tof] dfG5] hfFbfhfFb} Tof] d"n af6f] 5f]8/] bflxg]lt/ nfUof], l;dfgflt/ nfUof] / l;dfgf sf6]/ ef/tlt/ k:of] .

d kmls{g yfn]F . d]/f] hLp ca kl;g} kl;gf x'g nfUof] . d]/f skfnsf /f}–+ /f}n + ] yf]kf yf]kf kl;gf lgsfn]/ aufpg yfn]F . dnfO{ cfˆgf] z/L/ cfwf kfgL el/Psf] 3}F6f] h:t} nfU5 . hf]8n] lxF8\bf lxF8b\ } 3}6+ fsf] kfgL 5rlNsP/ 3}6+ fsf] z/L/ kfgL g} kfgL x'G5 . la:tf/} lxF8]df 5rlNsb}+g / kfgL lgl:sFbg} . …xf]Og, Tof] dfG5] sf] xf] < lsg efUof] xf]nf t <Ú d]/f dgdf km]l/ Tof] efu]sf] dfG5]af/] s'/f v]Ng yfln xfn] . …Tof] kSs} klg t:s/L u/]/ kqmfp kg]{ 8/n] efu]sf] s'g} t:s/ eg] xf]Og . t:s/n] o;/L efUg} kb}g{ . t:s/n] d'v 5f]Kg' klg kb}g{ . pgLx?nfO{ t h;n]t;n] gd:t] ug]{ u5{g\ . k'ln; xflsd jf s'g} clkm;/ pgLx?sf p7a;sf ;fyL x'g\ . efua08f gldn]df RofKk} kmF;fpg] x'g\ t:s/nfO{ . d'v 5f]k/] efu]/ hf]lug' kg]{ xf]Ogg\ pgLx? . Tof] s'g} ;o–krf;sf] jf xhf/–kGw| ;osf] dfn otfsf] ptf / ptfsf] otf kfg]{ klg xf]Og . 5fnfsf sfnf h'Qfn] To:tf] b]vfpFb}g . xf]Og, Tof] sf] xf] t < lsg To;/L efUb} a8s\ a8s\ a8s\ uof] t gfsd'v 5f]k]/ <Ú d]/f] dg t cGwsf/df kf] k¥of] . …kSsf, Tof] s'g} Hofgdf/f x'g' k5{ Û ufpFdf s] unkmQLdf s;s;;Fu o;sf] xft xfnfxfn eof] xf]nf Û xfgfxfg eof] xf]nf Û o;n] n6\7L–lrk{6 s]xL rnfof] ls jf xltof/} rnfof] Û latf}hL k¥of] Hofg g} hvd eof] xf]nf Û al; /x] t kqmfp kg]{ clgjfo{ 5 . h]n ;hfoF lglZrt 5 Û clg of] km'lTsgsf nflu otfaf6 rDk6 7f]s]sf] x'g' k5{ ÛÚ dnfO{ kSsf oxL s'/f x'g' k5{ eGg] nfUof] . …cr]n xfd|f] ;dfhdf dfG5] g} cToGt} lgDg sf]6Lsf eP . ;DklQsf :jfyL{, cToGt} ;ª\sl' rt / lgr x'Fb} uP dfG5]x? . 5f]/fn] afa' df/]sf, xh'/cfdfsf] xTof u/]sf, bfh' df/]sf, efO df/]sf 36gfx? w]/} ;'lgG5g\ lg Û o:t} s]xL sf]xL df/]/ efUb} u/]sf] t xf]Og of] dfG5] <Ú d]/f] dgdf of] s'/f xf]Og eGg] s'g} ts{ plAhPg . n'ufkmf6f] x]bf{ t g]tf h:tf] klg nfUg] xf] of] dfG5] . ls g]tf xf] t of] < …lgod sfg'g agfpF5f},+ hgtfnfO{ XofF u5f}+{ / TofF u5f}+{ eGb} ukm nfP, 9fF6] Û kl/0ffddf dfvf] klg dfg{ ;s]gg\ . clg ca hgtfn]

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l7ª\UofpF5g\ Û cK7]/fdf kf5{gÚ\ eg]/ efu]sf] t xf]Og < x'g ;Sg] s'/f g} xf] x} of] . gfsd'v 5f]k/] efu]sf] x]bf{ kSs} of] cfhsf] g]tf g} x'g' k5{ Û t/ xfd|fdf clxNo} g]tfnfO{ To;f] ug]{ hgtf 5}gg\ / g]tf cem} lgs}hn ] 9fFl6 /xg ;Sg]5g\ . To; sf/0f 7f]s/] } eGg ;lsG5, of] efUg] dfG5] g]tf g} rflxF xf]Og . g]tfx? v]lbg' kg]{ eO ;s]sf eP klg 9fF6/] x}/fg kf/]sf eP klg ltgnfO{ hgtfn] gfsd'v 5f]k/] eflu xfNg] l:yltdf kf/]sf 5}gg\ . kmfOFkm'66\ L ukm n8fP/, ;]tf]nfO{ sfnf] kfg{ ;Sg], sfnf]nfO{ ;]tf] kfg{ ;Sg] l;kn] cem} rflxF l6St} 5g\ g]tfx? Û em'SofpFb5 } g\ hgtfnfO{ Û To;sf/0f kSs} klg Tof] eu'jf dfG5] g]tf rflxF xf]Og g} ÛÚ d]/f] dgn] 9'Ss};uF eGof] Tof] g]tf eg] xf]Og . …P cF Û xf] kSsf of] aHof anfTsf/L x'g' k5{ . sxfF s'sd{ ug{ k'Uof] x} of] cwd Û of] k'?if hflts} snª\s Û o:t} slt g/kz'x?n] clxn] ;dfhdf k'?ifsf] gfs lnP/ pleg klg l3gnfUbf] kfl/ ;s] . of] To:t} ck/fwL xf]nf Û st} cfkmGt pk/ g} s'sd{ ug{ k'Uof] ls < st} lgbf]i{ f, gfafns pk/ of czSt pk/ kz'jt\ Jojxf/n] u|:t eof] ls g/fwd Û ;dfTg' kYof]{ ls d}n] To;nfO{ < xQ]l/ Û pDs]/ uO t ;Sof] ÛÚ d]/f dgdf cToGt 3[0ff plAhof] . oxL a]nf tL P;Pn;L k/LIff lbg a;]sL lar/Ldfly ePsf] 5nk"0f{, h3Go / snª\lst ck/fw ;lDemPF, tL csL{ dlxnf k|x/Ldfly cfˆg} :6fkmaf6 ePsf] kz'Tj sd{ ;lDemPF, xh'/afa' / afa'åf/f ePsf s'sd{x?sf s'/fx? ;lDemPF / ;lDemPF tL P;Pn;L k/LIff lbg] lgbf]i{ f aflnsfdfly h3Go ck/fw ug]n { fO{ lgbf]{ifsf] km};nf n]Vg] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf tL GofowLz gfdsf kz'dl" t{ Û cxf ˜Û k'?if x'gs ' f]

kL8fn] / nHhfn] dnfO{ etSs unfof] . lxF8b\ f lxF8b\ } PSsfl; d]/f uf]8f un] . d un]F . laxfgsf] lxF8fOaf6 3/ k'Ug ca To:t} Ps lsnf]ld6/ afFsL xf]nf . d]/f uf]8fn] dnfO{ glxF8fpg] 5fF6 b]vfP . kl;gf t lhpel/ lyP g} . d af6fsf] Psf 5]pdf YofRr a;]F . laxfgsf] l;l;{/ xfjfn] dnfO{ ;'D;'Dofof] . a:tfa:t} t Tof] cl3 a8s\a8s\ uPsf] dfG5] csf]{ Ps o'js;Fu km6fkm6 cfpFb} b]vF] . a8s\ a8s\ a8s\ a8f] tLj| ultdf :jfF˜ :jfF˜ ub}{ d]/f] 5]j}af6 lkmtf{ cfpFb} ubf{ d}n] pgLx?nfO{ ;f]Wg] ljrf/ u/]F– …Ps} l5g\ d}n] cNdNofpg vf]hF] n efO ÛÚ a;]sf] 7fpFaf6 p7\t} d}n] pgLx?nfO{ ;ª\st] ub}{ eg]F . tL b'a} hgf d]/f] 5]pdf pleP . pgLx?sf] 5ftL vnftL em}F xlDs /x]sf] b]lvGYof] . tLdWo] cl3 otfaf6 hfg] rflxFn] k|Zgjfrs zAb u/]– …cF eGg' xf];\ t Û xfdL xtf/df 5f}F ÛÚ …xf]Og efO Û cl3 ev{/} xfFk / emfFk ub}{ ot}af6 hfg' ePsf] h:tf] nfUof] . km]l/ t'?Gt} b'O{ hgf eP/ kms{g' eof] . ckem{6 s]xL k/]sf] xf] ls < eGg x'g] eP ===ÛÚ d}n] eg]F . xtfl/Fb} ToxL JolStn] eg]– …pxfFsf] efO crfgs uDeL/ ljdf/L eP/ c:ktfndf x'g' x'G5 c/] Û dnfO{ pxfFsfdf k'u/] t'?Gt hlt;Stf] l56f] u/L pxfFnfO{ c:ktfn k7fpg' kg]{ eof] ls Û xfdL clxn] xtf/df 5f}ÚF olt elg g;St} pgLx? lxF8L klg xfn] . …P Û d t efu]sf] ;Dem]/ kf] ÛÚ dw'/f] cfjfhdf d]/f d'vaf6 lgl:sof] . p7]/ nds\ nds\ d 3/lt/ nfu]F . ;

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k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

syf

lzz' df]xg axfb'/ sfo:y ev{/ hGdbfb]lvsf] x's{+bf;Ddsf afns aflnsfnfO{ lzz' cyf{t\ lzz' cj:yfsf dflgG5 . la:tf/} ef}lts ¿k ablnFb} a9\b} hfG5 / Ps ;do cfpF5 ca lzz' geP/ k6\7f] o'js aG5 h'g a]nf;Dd a'l4, ljj]s, :d/0fzlSt klg l5lKkb} pksf/L aGb} hfG5 . ultzLn aG5 t/ stfstfaf6 7Ss/ dfq xf]Og, 6Ss/ lng] cj:yfdf lzz' cndlng k'U5 . af6f] x/fPsf klys em}F cNdlnG5 . /fd|f] ;jn af6f]df nfu] ;a} s'/f ;an x'g k'U5 t/ slt t b'a{n cj:yfdf k'u]/ ylrG5 / Tof] g} clGtd ofqf x'G5 . o;f] ud]/ NofpFbf Ps ;o rf/ jif{;Dd PstGqL zf;g rnfP/ dl:t ub}{ u/]sf /f0ff k|zf;sx? Ps ;o rf/ jif{kl5 lzz' cj:yfd} /x]/ ;Qf Tofu ug{ k'u] . o'js cj:yfdf kf/ª\ut x'g ;s]gg\ . pgLx?sf] x}l;ot cf]em]n kb}{ uof] . /f0ff zf;g unxTofP/ lzz' k|hftGqsf] hGd eof] . /fhf lqe'jg / dx]Gb| lzz'af6 kf/ x'g rfx] t/ /fhf dx]Gb|n] lzz' k|hftGqnfO{ lgdf]7L lbP / o'jfj:yf gk'uLsg} t'lxg k'Uof] . lzz' k|hftGq / ;lxb x'g] ;lxb eP/ ;flnsdf ¿kfGt/0f x'g k'u] . lj8Dagf o:t} /Xof] . /fhf dx]Gb|n] lzz'k~r hGdfP . pgsf] Tofu, tk:of, :jfy{ h] eg] klg of] Psnf}6L :jefjsf] lzz'k~rsf] lr/fo' x'g ;s]g . dx]Gb| uP . jL/]Gb|sf] pbo eof] t/ lzz'k~r @)$^ df k/nf]s eof] o'jf lzz' x'g ;s]g . ;a}nfO{ ;f:tL x'g k'Uof] t/ o;} a]nf k'gM hLljt eP/ lzz' k|hftGqn] cjtf/ lnof] . k'gh{Gd eof] t/ of] lzz' cj:yfsf] k|hftGq ax'bn, ax'dt ;+:sf/df kl/0ft x'g ;s]g . lar/f] /fhf jL/]Gb|sf] t s'n} gf; eof] / 1fgf]bo eof] . b'ef{Uo 1fgdf /Xof] km:6fpg ;s]g . lzz' dfcf]sf]

s'an ] f hGd eof] . ufpF ufpFdf x'sg{ yfNof] / cGTodf /fhf 1fg]Gb| lzz' /fhfs} cj:yfdf /fh;+:yf TofuL ;Gof; lng k'u] . lzz' cj:yfdf hfu|tsf] cEo'bo ePg . @)^# df zflGt t cfof] / czfGt cj:yf x6\b} uof] t/ o; cj:yfdf hGd lnPsf] nf]stGq h]xf];\ u0ftGq lzz' cj:yfdf otf ªf/{, ptf 3'/,{ ptf t5f8 d5f8 u/L l3l;| /x]5, afd] ;b}{ 5 . cj:yf lzz' / jfdk'8s \ ] eP/ b]vf k/]sf] 5 . k|r08ky lnP klg jf clUgky :jLsf/] klg of] u0ftGq lzz' cj:yfdf g} ljb]zL k/:t eP/ gfl;g] xf] ls jf cGTo st} ljlng x'g hfg] xf] ls eGg] tfk al9 /x]sf] 5 . o;f] Oltxf; x]bf{ l;lSsd /fHo ef/tdf ufleg k'us ] f] xfxfsf/ cj:yfdf l;lSsds} g]t[Tjsf] cx+sf/L Pjd\ b'/blz{tfaf6 /fHo Tofu ePsf] xf] . sxLF o:t} ult / dlt of] ;gftgb]lv rNb} cfPsf] g]kfnsf dxf/yLx?sf] hfn, em]n, cx+sf/ / :jfyL{ :jefjn] of] u0ftGq lzz' cj:yfdf g} t'lxg] kf] xf] ls h:tf] ememNsf] cfpF5 . lzz' u0ftGqdf wd{sf] n8fOF 5, hfthfltsf] ckljq wf/0ff n'ss ] f] 5, efiffsf nflu dl/xQ] o'4 rn]sf] 5, ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt hu]gf{ ug]d { f r]t cfP klg hgtfx? cr]t ePsf 5g\ / tF, tF, d, d sf] 8sf/ ;dfhdf plq /x]sf]n] k|bi" f0f oqtq km}lnPsf] 5 . plxn] …d]/f] OHht uof], gfs} sfl6 lbO;\ d}ofFÚ eGg]x? lbgbxf8} df:s nufP/ gfs d'v 5f]k]/ lxF8\g yfn]sf 5g\ . of] lzz' u0ftGq sxfF uP/ o'jf x'g k'Ug] xf] eGg ;lsGg . l;dfgfsf] k|efj hNbf]aNbf] 5 / ljb]zL egfpFbfx? klg wd{ k|rf/ u/L hgtfnfO{ efF8g\ lgs} wg/fzL vlr{b+ } 5g\ . cflv/ wd{df c6n g/x]/ cwd{ u/L lx+;f ug{ k'U5g\ eg] lzz' u0ftGq s;/L o'jf cj:yfdf k'Ug] x'G5 / < …v}

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d]/f] t xf];\ uof] ef~hf . v} ltd|f] xf];\ 5 ls 5}gÚ eg]/ 5fDbf ef~hf t …cf]dÚ k'sf/]/ :ju{nf]s k'u5 ] g\ . wGo lzz' ltdL slxn] hfu|td} lbuf] bl/nf] o'jf aGg] < cf]d k'sf/]/ x]b{} 5' lzz' ltdLnfO{ . cGt/ s'gfaf6 >Ls[i0fsf] cfjfh sfgdf l5¥of], …x]/ df]xg, ltdLn] /f0ff zf;g x]¥of}, lqe'jg / dx]Gb| dfq xf]Og jL/]Gb| / 1fg]Gb| klg /fhf ePsf] b]Vof} / k|wfgdGqLx? hf] eP ltgnfO{ klg b]Vof} .

ltdLn] h] ;f]r t/ x'g] x'gfdL d}n] g} /r] cg';f/ x'G5 . ch'g{ n] dxfef/tdf n8fOF ug{ OGsf/ u/] . dfof, ddtf, df]xsf] a;df k/] t/ s'?If]qsf] n8fOF tl/ ;s]sf] /rgf x'bF f ch'g{ n] n8fOF n8] klg gn8] klg lj/Qmtf eO ;Sof] . lgldQ gfos eP/ ch'g{ aNn pq] . To:t}, df]xg ltdL x]b{} hfp– lzz' h] x'g] xf] ToxL x'g5 ] dfq ltdL x]b{} hfp .Ú >L s[i0fsf] of] cfbz{ a'em]F / ca ;f]rF] lzz' cfˆg} ultdf s'b\g] 5 . a;\ . ;

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k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

syf

cw{;To o'jf a/fn ‘cgGt’ xNsf lgnf] /ªsf] ;f8L klx/]sL Pp6L o'jtL d r9]sf] uf8Lsf] kl5Nnf] l;6df a:5] . xNsf a}hgL /ª nufPsf] 3/sf] cl3 pleP/ Pp6f xftn] ;f8Lsf] cfFrn ;dfpFb} csf]{ xftn] uf8L /f]ls lbg] cfu|x u/]sL lyO{ p;n] rfnsnfO{ . rfnsn] b]Vg' eGbf klg klxnf d}n] g} p;nfO{ b]vs ] f] lyPF– Pp6L kftnf] ;'xfpFlbnf] lhp8fnsL, ux'uF f]/L, xFl;nL, ToxL dfly Tof] xNsf lgnf] ;f8Ldf ;';lHht . 3rSs /f]lsPsf] lyof] uf8L klg . d]/f] 5]js } f] l;6 vfnL lyPg, pm kl5Nnf] l;6df a;L . clg d]/f] dgdf klg . cfwf 3G6fkl5 p;sf] uGtJodf uf8L /f]lsof] . of] Pp6f ;fgf] ahf/ lyof] . dnfO{ klg ToxLF emg{' lyof], pq]F . uf8Lsf] rfns cfkm} pq]/ b}nf] vf]ln Tof] o'jtLnfO{ ptfl/ lbPsf] lyof] . lgs} d:s]/ ef8f ldnfpFb} lyof], xtf/ lyof], cfˆgf] ef8f lbP/ d cl3 a9]+F . s]xL If0f kZrft d p;nfO{ k'gM b]Vb} lyPF . Tof] o'jtL ahf/sf] le8df cnUu} b]lvGyL . Tof] xNsf lgnf] ;f8Lsf] /ª d]/f] cfFvfd} a;]sf] lyof] . Tof] uHofª\–u'hª' leq klg d p;sf] pkl:ylt k|:6 b]Vy]F .

Tof] rxn–kxndf klg d p;sf] leGg rfn9fn Psfu| ljrfl/ /x]yF] . cUnf] pFrfO clg pxL kftnf] 5l/tf] ;'xfpFlbnf] z/L/sL Pp6L ;f}Do d'xf/sL gjof}jgfn] d]/f] pT;'tfnfO{ emg\ emg\ lh:SofO /x]sL efg x'GYof] . d x]/fOsf] ToxL lg/Gt/ k|jfx;Fu} lrof bf]sfgleq k;],F lrof lkpg . bf]sfgleqsf] rf}sLdf a:bf ga:bf d]/f Ps :s'n] hLjgsf ;xkf7L pbol;t e]6 eof] . d Totf e'lnPF, pm stf lanfO cQf]kQf] ePg .

Tof] ldqn] club]lv lrof] ub}Y{ of] ls s;f] dnfO{ eml:sg] u/L emSemSofof]– …k/fo :qLnfO{ To;/L lglg{di] f x]g{] afgL cem} ufÚsf] 5}g < dfG5] rflxF a'9f] eO ;Sof], nfh x'G5 x} nfh .Ú d ;fFRr} csdlsP/ /ftf] ePsf] lyPF . s'/f nlDag

gkfpFb} d}n] p;nfO{ cg'gog u/]sf] lyPF– …pm sf] lyO{ <Ú p;n] luHofP/ eg]sf] lyof] …Tof] Sof t xf}, Toqf] km]d; k;{gfln6L klg lrGb}g;\ kfhL Û cfˆgf] ljaL aRrf x'bF fx'bF } klg To:tf] s]6Lsf] rf;f] lnG5;\ Û x]… x]… dfG5] x]bf{ dfq} ;f]emf] b]lvG5 ls Sof xf] xf} ÛÚ eGb} d]/f] pkxf;df cf8Da/L xfF;f] xfF;s ] f] lyof] . …eg\ g eg\ ;f]em}, lrG5;\ eg] eg\ gq r'k nfu]/ cfˆgf] af6f] nfu\ ÛÚ d}n] l/;fPsf] clegodf af]ns ] f] lyPF . p;n] luNnf u/]sf] njhdf dxTTjxLg af]ns ] f] lyof]– …Tof] 6«s 8«fOe/ 5}g Tof] s] eG5, Tof] /fdnfn s}ofFsf], Tof] Sof t xf}, cF sfOFnf 8«fOe/ Û xf] t]:sL 5f]/L xf}, gfd s] /] cF cfef, cfef xf} . clxn] oxfF l6r/ 6«l] gª ub}5 { ] lg Û Sof So'6 5] xO{ ÛÚ To;kl5 p;n] Tof] o'jtLsf] rl/q ljifodf gfgfefFltsf s'/f ;'gfPsf] lyof] ls ;'g/] d Psbd} crlDdt tyf lbUe|ldt ag]sf] lyPF . d cjfs p;sf tL ckTofl/nf / l3gnfUbf s'/fx? ;'lg /xg afWo lyPF . d]/f] Åbodf a;]sf] Tof] xNsf lgnf] /ªsf] ;f8Ldf lxnf]sf] cFWof/f] sfnf] d}nf] /ª 5\oflkPsf] efg eof] . d ls+st{Joljd'9,Þ efj z"Go s] s] ;f]lr /x]sf] lyPF ls Pp6f lszf]/ s]6f] cfP/ af]nfpFb} eGof]– …bfh' uf8L el/of], hf}F ca .Ú d p;sf s'/f g6'ªl\ uO p7]/ lxF8F] . dgel/ gfgfyl/sf cJoSt efj v]nfpFb} bf]sfgaf6 aflx/ lg:s]F . uf8ÞLsf] cl3Nnf] l;6df pxL xNsf lgnf] /ªsf] ;f8ÞL klxl/PsL o'jtL, dnfO{ ev{/} lrgfOPsf] sfOFnf 8«fOe/sL 5f]/L …cfefÚ cufj} al; ;s]sL lyO{ . d k'Ubf xNsf d':sfgdf clnslt 7fpF 5f]8b\ } af]ns ] L lyO{– …cfpg' xf];\ g cª\sn, tkfO{s + } k|ltIff lyof] .Ú d k'gM em:s]/ p;nfO{ x]5'{ . zfGt d'›fdf pm s'g} ckl/lrt ;xofqLsf] k|tLIff ul/ /x]sL kfPF . p;sf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 27

cfjfhdf Ps lsl;dsf] :jefljs df]xstf lyof] eg] njhdf To:t} nlrnf]kg . p;n] …cª\snÚ eGbf o:tf] dL7f] nodf eg]sL lyO{ ls dnfO{ s'g} g/fd|f] nfUb} nfu]g oBlk pm d;Fu af]ln /xf];\ emF} nfu]sf] lyof] . uf8L lj:tf/} lxF8o\ f] cfˆgf] /ˆtf/ lnP/ . …cª\sn Û tkfO{+ clu klg o} uf8ÞLdf x'g' x'GYof] x}g <Ú cs:dft kl/lrt em}F pm af]ns ] L lyO{ . d k'gM csf]{ kN6 eml:sG5' . …xf] t lg Û s;/L lrGof} <Ú d k|ZgnfO{ t]¥:ofO lbG5' . …tkfO{s + f] of] 8fs{ a|fpg ;6{sf] /ªn] lrg]sf] lg Û of] sn/ d]/f] km]a6]| xf] .Ú p;sf] ;xh pTt/ lyof] . d vNalnG5' PsfPs clgolGqt ag]/ . s:tf] ck"j{ ;+of]u xf] of] . …s] d]/f] Ifl0fs pkl:yltn] klg o;/L sf]xL k|efljt aGg ;S5 / <Ú d ;f]rdf k5{' . …d]/f] njfO{, v'jfO{ clg lhjfO{sf] klg s'g} dxTTj ag]/ Tof] s;}sf] lglDt cle?lrsf] ljifo aGg ;S5 / Û d klg s;}sf] lglDt olt dxTTjk"0f{ aGg ;S5' / ÛÚ j}rfl/s på]ngsf] Hjf/ef6f p7\5 dgdf . efj t/ª\u cs:dft 5rlNsG5 ljrf/sf] ;ª\s'lrt cfFugel/ . d]/f] dgdf pm k|lt Ps lsl;dsf] kfkL df]x cyf{t\ rfx knfpg yfNof] . k'?if x',F ddf klg Tof] Jolerf/L dfG5]sf] ;';K' t ¿k leq st} jf; al; /x]sf] /x]5 h:tf] efg eof] . Tof] hfUb} lyof] ls . kfk gnfuf];\, pbosf] s'/fn] layf]lnPsf] d]/f] ;z+lst dgdf p;sf] To; lsl;dsf] ;dLktfn] yk phf{ e/]sf] lyof] . p;sf] dgf]x/ d'xf/, z/L/, klx/g, ;hfj6, x]/fO{, d':sfg clg af]nLdf hf] sf]xLnfO{ klg plt/ lvr]/ /fVg ;Sg] r'DasLo zlSt lyof] . d klg aQLl;t v]Ng cfPsf tL lgbf]i{ f k'tnL ;/L :jod\ em'lDdFb} lyPF, PsfPs p;sf] rlDsnf] Hof]lt / /flknf] Hjfnflt/ . …lsg r'k x'g' eof] tkfO{+ < ls af]Ng dg k/]g < cF otf sxfF cfpg' ePsf] lyof] < clg tkfO{s + f] 3/ lg <Ú y'k}| lh1f;fn] sf]6o\ fO{ p;n] dnfO{ Ps};fy . tG›faf6 Ao'e F m] em}F g;f]rL af]ln k7fpF5–' …ltd|f] cfG6Lsf]df, clg ltdL lg ÛÚ …tkfO{n + ] b]Vg' eof] xf]nf hxfFaf6 d laxfg r9]F]+, xf] ToxL xf] xfd|f] 3/ . d]/f] gfd cfef . ;fob tkfO{+n] d]/f] afafnfO{ lrGg' x'G5 xf]nf, ;a}n] pxfFnfO{ …sfO{n + f 8«fOe/Ú eG5g\ . pxfF 6«s rnfpg' x'G5 .Ú s]xL If0f r'k /xFbf d}n] p;sf] Tof]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 28

k|1f–ultljlw

dxfgtfnfO{ lgxf/]F . p;nfO{ uj{ g} /x]5 cfˆgf] afafk|lt . p;sf] cg'xf/df lsl~rt klg xLgtfaf]w lyPg . pm af]ln /x]sL g} lyO{– …xfdL 5f]/L dfG5] /], PdaLaLP; k9\g aflx/ hfG5' eGbf cfdf ljnf}gf u/]/ ?g' eof], lsl;d axgf nufpg' eof], afafn] cg]s pbfx/0f b]vfP/ ;Demfpg' eof] ghfg' eg]/ . k};f w]/} nfU5 /], vr{ k'¥ofpg' ;fx|f] k5{ /], clg ;a}eGbf vf; s'/f s] eg] d 5f]/L x'gn ' ] pxfFx?nfO{ 8/ nfU5 /], csf{sf 5f]/Lx? aflx/ k9\g uPsfx? sf]xL pt} lax] u5{g\ /], sf]xL pt} s;}n] yfx} gkfO x/fFp5g\ /], sf]xL s'ntsf] lzsf/ agL lhpFbf] nfz kms{G5g\ /], sf]xL csf{sf] xj;sf] lzsf/ alg pt} cfTdxTof u5{g\ /] . sf]xL csf/0f cfˆgf] k9fO cwsNr} 5f]l8 /fv]/ pN6f] kmls{ cfpF5g\ /] .Ú lgs} ;do r'krfk /x]kl5 km]l/ af]Ng yfN5]– a'‰g' ef] xf]nf d]/f] s'/f . xf]===== To;}n], To;}n] d hfg kfOgF, clg uOgF klg, ca hfGg klg .Ú d}n] w]/} a'em]/ klg ga'em] em}F eg]–F …Tof] t ;a :jod\ dfly lge{/ /xG5 lg xf]Og / < t/ ltdLn] Ps lsl;dn] l7s} u¥of} . ltdLn] afafx?sf] efjgfnfO{ klg ;Ddfg lbg} kYof],{ lbof} . t/ ltdLn] s'g ;xL s'g unt eGg] v'6o\ fpg ;Sg' kyf]{ . Tof] ;a ltdLdfly g} lge{/ lyof] . ;a}eGbf k|an ltd|f] cfTdljZjf; x'g' cfjZos lyof] . ltdLn] pgLx?nfO{ cl8u ljZjf; lbnfpg ;Sg' kYof{] . v}/ ÛÚ cfefn] em6\6} hjfj kmsf{O,{ …xf] d}n] xhf/ sf]l;; u/]F t/ km]l/ xfd|f] 3/sf] cfly{s cj:yf tuf/f] ag]/ 7l8of] d]/f] cl3 . afafn] k};f 5}g, d ;lSbg t eGg ;Sg' ePg t/ d}n] g} a'‰g' k¥of] lg xf]Og / Û efOx? k9\b5 } g\ . cfdf ladf/ eO /xlG5g\ .

3/ agfpFbf nfu]sf] C0f ltg{ afFsL g} 5 . a? efOx?n] /fd|f] k9] d k7fpF5' ltgLx?nfO{ aflx/ k9\g . s] d]/f] km};nf ;xL lyof] ls lyPg, cª\sn <Ú slt a'emsL / 1fgL /lx5 cfef Û slt ;+:sf/L Û slt l:gUw ÛÛ slt :jR5 clg ;/n ÛÛÛ s'g} em/gfsf] ;ª\nf] kfgL h:tf] kf/bzL{ p;sf] :jefj ÛÛÛ d]/f] dgdf pk|lt k|uf9 :g]x pd|/] cfof] . d]/f] Åbo el/P/ s'lGg s:tf] ux|fF} clg ?U0f ag]sf] lyof] .

PsfGtdf x'GYof] t d p;nfO{ cFufn]/ lgwf/df r'Dy]F x'n F f / cz]if cfzLjf{b lbGy]F x'n F f . …cv08 ;f}efUojtL ejMÚ eGy]F x'n F f . ;'lg a;]F p;nfO{, ;'lg a;]F .

d af]ns ] } lyOgF p km]l/ pT;'stfsf ;fy af]Nb} lyO{, …tkfO{+ s'g} ;/sf/L ljefudf sfd ug{' x'G5 <Ú cs\dsfP/ af]ns ] f] lyPF, – …xf] d hg ;]jf ljefudf slgi7 cleoGtfsf] cf]xf]bfdf sfo{/t 5' . lsg <Ú cg'gogLo njhdf af]ns ] L lyO{, …p;f] eP tkfO{+nfO{ Pp6f ;fgf] l/Sj]:6 u5{', x'G5 <Ú …eg g s:tf] s'/f ÛÚ d}n] lgs} ulDe/tfsf ;fy p;sf] cg'/f]wnfO{ :jLsf/] em}F u/]sf] lyPF . p;n] d]/f] cfFvfel/ lgxfb}{ s'g} lr/ kl/lrtnfO{ bª\UofP em}F nf8] :j/df af]ns ] L lyO{– …s] ;fgf] ha ldnfO lbg ;Sg' x'G5 tkfO{s + f] ljefudf < h:tf] kf]:6 eP klg x'G5 . xfd|f] lzIf0f tflnd klg ;lsof], cfh bLIffGtsf] k|fu] f| d lyof] . t;y{ of] ;f8L klxl/PsL .Ú …/fd|L Û c;fWo} /fd|L b]lvFb5 } f} of] ;f8ÞLdf, kSsf . clg ltd|f] lzIf0f tflndsf] rflxF s] x'G5 <Ú p;sf] k|z; + f gu/Lsg a:g ;lsgF d . Tof] bf];f| ] jfSo d]/f] s07af6 cgu{n km'lTsPsf] lyof], kl5af6 v]b klg nfu]sf] lyof] . sqf] e/f];f af]nF] d Û st} sf/0fjz d}n] p;sf] OR5fk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg eg]F ÛÛ …s'g} lbg sfd nfUnf, xf]Og / cª\sn Û k9Þs ] f] t sxfF v]/ hfG5 / ÛÚ p;n] o;/L ddfly ;Dk"0f{ ljZjf; r9fPsL lyO{ . d c;d~h;df kb}{ lyPF . d s]xL af]Ng g;ls /x]sf] lyPF, x7ft\ uf8L /f]lsof] . p;sf] 3/ cfO k'u5 ] . pm uf8Laf6 lg:sg' gk/] klg x'GYof] em}F u/]/ aflx/ pqL . pm tn em/]sf] leqaf6 Psf]xf]/f] x]l/ /x]F . p;n] klg cfFvfel/ w]/} ck]Iff ;fFr/] x]l/ /xL . uf8L If0fe/ klg /f]lsPg xfd|f] lglDt . d}n] s]xL e/f];f lbnfpg] df}s} kfOg . p;n] klv{ /x]sf] hjfj d]/f] tkm{af6 kmls{g} kfPg . uf8Ln] /ˆtf/ lnO xfNof] . w]/} s'/f cw'/} /Xof] . o;/L xfdL 5'6l\ 6of}F cfwf af6f]d} . olt a]nf dnfO{ pbok|lt 3[0ff pAh]/ cfPsf] lyof] eg] cfefk|lt ;Dj]bgf . sfnf] cnsq] ;8ssf] 5]pdf 5 p;sf] 3/ . b'O{ tn] lalN8ª . 3/sf] d"nåf/ ;8Þsk6\l6 kmls{Psf] 5 . ;8ssf] ;dtndf b'O{ j6f bf]sfg sf]7f, k5fl8 efG;f3/ clg Pp6f a}7s sf]7f 5 .

ToxLFaf6 3'd/] Pp6f l;F9LÞ pFwf] em/]/ tNnf] tnf k'luG5, hxfF cfef, ¿k]z, lbg]z / ltgLx?sf cfdf afafsf lglDt eg]/ leGg–leGg sf]7fx? 5g\ . s;}ubf{ klg Pp6f sf]7f cltlyx?sf] lglDt eg]/

lgsfNg ;lsPg elg cfefsf afaf leq–leq} c;Gt'li6 pu|fpF5g\ . cfefnfO{ 3/sf] sf]7f /vfO dg k/]sf] lyPg . efG;f3/ tNnf] tnfdf x'g' kYof{] . bf]sfg sf]7f s]jn Pp6f /fVbf sfkmL lyof] t/ pm af]lNbg . af]N5 ¿k]z clg lbg]z klg . af]n/] s] x'G5 / Û hf] algg' lyof] Tof] alg ;Sof] . afaf cfdfsf] ;kgfnfO{ ;Ddfg lbg' k5{ eGyL cfef, efOx?nfO{ klg . efOx?sf] d'v y'g/] afaf cfdfsf] d'xf/ xFl;nf] x]g{ rfxGyL pm . /ª nufpg] a]nfdf dfq 5f]/f–5f]/Lsf] dg;fo lnPsf lyP cfefsf afaf lbjfs/n] . cfdf zld{nfn] kx]n + f] /ªsf] l;kmfl/z u/]sL lyOg\ . cfefn] h:tf] klg x'G5 eg]/ elGbPsLn] ¿k]z / lbg]zsf] efp a9]/ uPsf] lyof] . ¿k]zn] Kof/f]6 u|Lg eGof], lbg]zn] :sfO{ An" . ;a}nfO{ ;f]w/] t/ /ª klg cGTodf cfˆg} OR5fsf] nfO6 k/kn nufPsf lyP lbjfs/n] . Tof] pgsf] Psflwsf/ lyof] . t/ Psbd} v'ns ] f] / ;'xfPsf] lyof] Tof] /ª 3/nfO{ . v';L ;a}eGbf Hofbf cfef g} ePsL lyO{ lsgls Tof] /ª p;sf] dgkbf]{ / Kof/f] lyof] . oL lyP lbjfs/sf] ;'vdo b]lvg] 3/sf] aflx/L cfsf/ k|sf/ clg /ª . /flt bz ah] kZrft lbjfs/ p7\5g\ . cfˆgL cwf{ªu\ gL ptf 3'b{} ubf{ pgL otf 3/ agfpFbf nfu]sf] C0fsf] /xn lx;fa hf]8b\ } x'G5g\ . /flt af¥x ah] Ps lunf; lr;f] kfgL lkP kl5 cf]5o\ fgdf k:5g\ . l;/fgLdf lz/ /fVb} tL b[Zox? Ps kl5 csf]{ kfnf] km]b{} lx;fa dfUb} cfpF5g\ clg ca]/ /flt kmls{ hfG5g\ . lsg agfP pgn] 3/, 5f]/f 5f]/L k9fpg 5f]8/]Þ < cGt/fTdfn] k|Zg u5{ . lsg gagfpF Pp6f 3/, Tof] d]/f] slxn] b]lvsf] ;kgf lyof], hlt a]nf d]/f 5f]/f–5f]/L hlGdPsf lyPgg\ .

5f]/L cfefnfO{ 3/ agfpg'n] ubf{ -<_ k9\gsf lglDt 6f9f hfg] df}sf kfpFbf kfpFb} klg k7fpg ;s]gg\ . t/ xf]Og, rfx]sf] eP ;Dej lyof] Tof] . t/ lrGtfsf ;'On { ] r:; r:; r:sfO /xG5 pgnfO{ .

ToxL Iff]en] klg lg›f sf]zf}+ b"/ eufpF5 . x/ /ft pgL cfˆgf] ljut cf]9/] 5n{ªu\ } clgbf] ;'ts ] f x'G5g\ . lbjfs/sf] ljut, cfefsf] jt{dfgsf] w/ftn xf] . cfef cfh hxfF 5] ToxfF;Dd ;'Jojl:yt 8f]¥ofO

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 29

NofO k'¥of{pg] lbjfs/sf] lxhf]sf] s7f]/ ;ª\3if{ / c6'6 ljZjf;sf] nfdf] kvf{O lyof] . clg Tof] …3/Ú g} xf] p;sf] afafn] afFrs ] f] k'u–ck'u hLjgsf] ;fy{s k|ltljDa clg l;ª\uf] k|ltkmn . pgL Ps 6«s rfns x'g\ „'j;To ToxL xf] . pgL csf{sf gf]s/ x'g,\ c¿n] ToxL ;Totf af]N5g\ . pgsf] xftdf uf8L rnfpg] Ond lyof] t To;}sf] cfwf/df pgn] gf]s/L xfl;n u/] . la; jif{ eof] ;a}n] pgnfO{ …sfO{n + f 8«fOe/Ú k'sf/]/ lrGg] u/]sf] . t/ pgn] axg u/]sf] cfˆgf] x}l;ot / pTt/bfloTjnfO{ slxn] e'ng] g\ . h'g OdfGbf/Lsf ;fy pgn] Tof] uf8L rnfP, To;}sf] sdfOn] Tof] 3/ algPsf] 5 cfh, xNsf a}hgL /ª\un] ;';lHht . 5f]/Ln] af¥xf}F >]0fL plQ0f{ u/]sL 5], 5f]/fx? qmd}n] 5}7f}F clg gjf}F >]0fLdf k9\b5 } g\ . uf8ÞL rln /x]s} 5, 3/df klg, ;8sdf klg . slDt k9]sf 5g\ lbjfs/n] . t;y{ 5f]/Lsf] sf]7fdf ;lhPsf] 6]a'ndfly yfs nfu]sf] df]6f df]6f lstfax?n] l76\ofpF5g\ pgnfO{ . tL lstfax? lj:tf/} 5'G5g\ / cf]N6fO–kN6fO u/]/ ltgLx?sf gfd / ljifo j:t' k9]/ k'g M ToxLF ldnfO{ /fV5g\ .

Tolt k9\g pgL hfGb5g\ .

5f]/L 8fS6/L k9\g rfxG5] . hLj lj1fgdf bf];f| ] >]0fLdf plQ0f{ eP kZrft u'?x?n] lbPsf] k/fdz{nfO{ cfefn] klg cF7o\ fP/ lgs} lbg lhb\bL ubf{ ;kmntf xft gnfu]kl5, lgGof}/f] ag]/ a;]sL lyO{ . vf;u/L zld{nf rfxGgg\ 5f]/LnfO{ aflx/ k7fP/ k9fpg . pgnfO{ clt g} 8/ nfU5 /] .

Ps kN6 cfF6 u/]/ dgsf] OR5f kf]vs ] L lyO{ cfefn], …cfdf, d PSn} sxfF xf] / Û ToxfF t xfdL h:tf xhf/f}F s]6Lx? k9\Þg cfpF5g\ . d klg ltgLx?;Fu} kl9 xfN5' lg ÛÚ p;sL cfdfn] uxel/ cfF z ' 8a8afO c;d~h;tf / c;xdlt hgfPsf] s'/f cfefn] a'em]sL lyO{ . efOx? klg t k9\b} 5g\ . ltgLx?sf] eljio klg ;f]lr lbg] st{Jo ca p;sf] xf] . /x/ s;sf] x'bF g} / Û cfefnfO{ 8fS6/ aGg] OR5f lyof] . 8fS6/ aGg ;Sg] cf}hf/ p;n] cfh{g klg gu/]sf] xf]Og . p;df of]Uotf klg gePsf] xf]Og . cfˆgf lxt}ifL ;fyLx?n] hf]z, pT;fx clg k|fT] ;fxg lbg klg gr'ss ] f xf]Ogg\ . j;\ Û oxfF cfO k'u/] 6'Kkf sfl6of] p;sf] . xfo Û slt ;do nfUg]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 30

k|1f–ultljlw

xf] lg csf]{ xfFuf knfpg Û pxL cnsq] ;8s . cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/ eO /xFbf b]V5', ToxL 3/, p8\b} uPsf] xNsf a}hgL /ª\u . lxpFb, avf{, 3fdkfgL, em/L, v8]/L, lxnf], w'nf], cFw/] L, ph]nL, /ftlbg, zLtjfkm cflbsf] yk]8fn] lxsf{pbF f lxsf{pbF f SnfGt ag]sf tL 3/sf leQfx?n] Tof] /ª\usf] cl:dtfnfO{ hf]ufO /fVg ;s]g s;f] . ;do / kl/l:yltn] dfG5]nfO{ s'g xb;Dd kl/jt{g u/fpF5 s'lGg, 3/ 5]pdf ndtGg ;'lt /xg] Tof] sfnhoL ;8snfO{ dfq 1ft xf]nf .

Tof] cr]t ;8ssf pl„Psf 5fnf / plKsPsf kfk|fx?nfO{ ljlbt xf]nf, 5]js } L Pp6L lgikfk o'jtL …cfefÚsf] Tof] ck|ltd eljio . pxL cfef, hf] s]xL jif{ cl3 dfq d]/f] ;+;u{df cfPsL lyO{, h;n] dnfO{ b'lv /xg] Pp6f 3fp gf;f] :j¿k ;'lDk /flv lbPsL lyOg\ h;n], dnfO{ p;sf] vhdlhPsf] jt{dfgn] k|bfg u/]sf] Ps u'hN' 6f] lhGbuLsf] hl6n ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ egL ;'lDk lbO /fv]sL lyO{ . h;n], d]/f] ;f]emf] dl:tisnfO{ layf]Nb} e|dsf] Pp6f lj:t[t kmfF6df ljr/0f ug{ egL 5f]l8 /flv lbPsL lyO{ . xf], pxL cfef gfdsL o'jtL, h;nfO{ oxLF sxLF b]V5', P]n] b]V5', e/] b]V5', slxn] b]V5', cfh b]V5', ef]ln b]V5' eO /xG5 t/ cem;Dd Ps emns p;nfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf lrGg] ul/sg b]Vg ;s]sf] 5'Og . lxhf] cfh s] ub}{ xf]nL pm, stf hfFb} xf]nL, s] pm daf6 cfufdL lbgx?df s'g} avt, eml/nf] cfZjf;g kfpF5' of t ;fgf] gf]s/L kfpF5' g} elg k|ltIff/t xf]nL < d lsg p;sf] 3/df pq]/ p;sf] af/]df ;f]lwvf]lh ug{ ;lSbgF < lsg d pl;t e]6g\ nfnflot /x]/ klg e]6g\ ;lSbgF < lsg d ToxfFg/] cfO k'Ubfv]l/ b]lvg' / 5lng' dfem em'ln /x]sf] x'G5' < d lsg pb]lv e/;s efUg rfxG5' < s] oL d]/f lgtfGt JolStut j}rfl/s på]ng dfq x'g\ < km]l/ lsg d pxL af6f] lg/Gt/ wfO /xG5' < d cEo:t ;b}j Tof] af6f] lxFl8 /xFbf, ToxLF cfO k'Ubf, cfefsf] Tof] ;f}Do d'xf/ / dfofn' :jefjsf] emnemnL ofb cfpF5 . p;sf] Tof] dw'/ ofb ;Fu;Fu} dnfO{ p;sf] ToxL cg'Ql/t jfSosf] tLI0fkgn] r:;} 3f]R5– …Pp6f ;fgf] gf]s/L ldnfO lbg ;Sg' x'G5 tkfO{s + f] ljefudf <Ú s] of] jfSosf] cf3ftåf/f pb\kflbt kL8fn] ;fFRr} d b'vF] / < rf]6

kbf]{ xf] t oltsf lbg d lsg lgliqmo clg nfrf/ 5' < lsg d 56k6fOgF < xf], oxL jfSon] dnfO{ d]/f] jf:tljs kl/l:yltsf] s7f]/ w/ftndf pEofO lbPsf] lyof] . p;n] d]/f] JolStTjdf lgs} k|fT] ;fxgsf] t]n eb}{ p;sf] cfzfsf] lbof] hnfpg rfx]sL lyO{ . k/f]Ifdf p;n] d]/f] cfzlSt clg cof]UokgnfO{ a]:df/L lgrf]/s ] L lyO{ . pbosf] Joª\ofTds pkxf;n] eGbf klg cfefsf] v'nf lstfa em}F Tof] cfTdLo Jojxf/n] dnfO{ clws nfl~5t t'NofPsf] lyof], plt a]nf . o; a]nf cem tLj| . clg ToxL jfSon] p;nfO{, cfly{s ljkGgtfsf] pTtfk e'j/F Ldf ?dlnPsL Pp6L lg/Lx k|f0fLsf] ¿kdf lrgfO lbPsf] lyof] . pm s] jf:tjd} Tof] cfuf]df lk/f]lnPsL lyO{ < kTof/ nfUg ufx|f] kg]{ ;'Svf df};ddf klg ;Gb]xsf] ;fgf] aLh pd|g] tv{/ u5{ . lat]sf w]/} ;dokl5 Ps lbg d]/f] pxL k'/fgf] ;xkf7L ;fyL pbo;Fu s'g} ;/sf/L sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf e]6 x'G5 . p wgL afpsf] PSnf] 5f]/f] .

Snf; jg ;/sf/L 7]sb] f/ ag]sf] 5 olt a]nf . p;n] xfd|f] ljefudf klg Pp6f sfd km;fPsf] 5 . d kbf]Gg\t eO lgikfbs cleoGtfsf] cf]xf]bfdf k'us ] f] 5' . pm dnfO{ rfKn';L nfpg cfO a:5 . dnfO{ kmsfO a:5 . s] s] nf]e b]vfO a:5 . kl/lrttfsf] ;fOgf]n] p;nfO{ d gfO{ eGg} ;lSbgF . p;s} cfu|xdf xfdL Pp6f kfFrtf/] xf]6ndf s]l;gf] v]Ng clg df]h dl:t ug{ k'U5f}F . of] p;sf] l6«6 lyof], p;n] lgs} 7'nf] sG6«ofS6 km;fPsf]df . d]/f] ;+;u{df ePsf Ps hgf ldlg:6/ dfkm{t Tof] lt; s/f]8sf] l8n xft kfg{ ;kmn ePsf] lyof] pm . v';Ln] ubub pm, d nufot d]/f clkm;sf cGo ltg a8f afa', r]o/d]g ;fa :jod\ clg pgsf cGo ;xof]uL ;fyLx?nfO{ l8g/ lvnfpg rfxGYof] . xfdL ;a} k'Uof}F lglb{i6 :yfg p;sf kfx'gf ag]/ .

Psbd} ;kmf, ;'sf]dn, ;';lHht, ;'dw'/ ;ª\uLt, lemlnldln aQL clg Knfl:6s clg sfuhsf k'mnx?sf] ;hfj6, g[Tofª\ugfx? gflr /x]sf, dw'zfnfdf em'Dg]x? e'mld /x]sf, lko'if vfg]x? vfO /x]sf, ;f]d/; lkpg]x? lkO /x]sf, tf; h'jf clg s]l;gf] v]Ng]x? xftdf /S;Lsf Unf;x? af]s/] xhf/ xhf/sf u8\8Lx? kmfln /x]sf, lvnfpg] lknfpg] pkrfl/sfx? cfsif{s pTt]hs klx/g

clg ¿k ;Hhfdf tL kfx'gfx?sf] vflt/bf/L dGb dGb d':s'/fpFb} dl:sb}, cfFvfsf] O;f/fdf s] s] s'/fx? eGg vf]h] em}F ub}{ j/k/ cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/ ul/ /x]sf, cfˆgf] pkl:ylt hfx]/ ul/ /x]sf . :ju{ h:tf] 7fFp . b]jtf / b]jL h:tf dfG5]x? . d e|ddf . ;kgf h:tf] ljkgfdf . cjfs\ Tof] lbJo ;'Gb/tfsf] cjnf]sgdf :jod\nfO{ d:t e'ln /x]F . …P] /d]z, p7 hfpF, tFnfO{ Pp6f ;k{|fOh lbG5' . cfOh d;Fu .Ú eGb} d]/f] kfv'/fdf ;dfP/ pbon] Tof] 7'nf] sf]l/8f]/sf] Pp6f s'gfaf6 l5/fP/ leq cem leq sf]7} sf]7f ePsf] 7fFpdf k'¥ofof] . …c/] Û sfF nu]sf] lsg<Ú d k|lt/f]w hgfpFb} t/ p;sf] kl5 nfu]/ uO /x]sf] lyPF . …8f]G6 j/L=== sd\====O6\; c 6«L6==== h:6 km/ o'Ú pm cfFvf lemDSofpFb} s]xL uf]Ko s'/f eg"n F f em}F ub}{ dnfO{ tflg /x]sf] lyof] . lxF8b\ f lxF8b\ } pm ?d gDa/ …rf/ ;f} b'OÚ{ sf] b}nf] cl3 cl8of] . a]n ahfof] . clg dnfO{ cª\ufnf] xfn]/ eGof], …u'8 ns dfO jf]O ÛÛÛÚ d c;d~h;df k/]F . pm l56f] l56f] cb[Zolt/ ljlng x'g k'Uof] . 3/Ss cfjfhsf] ;fy b}nf] vf]lnof] . dWod /f]zgLdf Pp6L gf/L cfs[lt cl3 cfpF5 . pN6f] k|sfzdf Tof] cfs[ltsf] klxrfg :ki6;Fu x'g ;s]g . dw'/ Wjlgdf gf/L njhn] …j]nsd ;/Úsf] cfu|x;Fu} d]/f] xftdf ;dfOP/ leq tflgOG5' . pbon] cfpg] lalQs} lknfPsf] Ps lunf; lXj:sLsf] c;/ kg{ yfn]sf] lyof] . cfFvf ltld{/fPsf lyP . af]nL n6k6fPsf] efg x'Fb} lyof] . v'6\6f nv{/fpFb} lyP . dbxf]z dbxf]z d nueu cw{– xf]z lyPF . cw{r]t . sf]7fleq k:gf;fy tL ckl/lrt :qLn] ;x;f b}nf] 9KsfPkl5 aQL klg em§} lgefPsL lyO{ . lgnf] /f]zgL 5fPsf] 5 clxn] sd/fleq . Psbd lwdf /f]zgLdf p;sf] cw{gUg z/L/sf gfª\uf cojox? 5fFof h:t} b]Vb} lyPF . tL cª\ux? qmdz M v'Nb} v'Nb} lg;ª\sf]r gfª\lub} hfFb} lyP . d klg cgu{n cfˆg} k|sf/n] p5[ªv \ n aGb} nxl;Fb} nxl;Fb} Tof] dfbs z/L/sf] emg\–emg\ glhs k'Ub} uPF . ToxL dftdf em'Nb} em'Nb} n'6k' 6' ' x'bF } cyfx efl;Fb} uPF d Tof] cgsG6f/ vf8nleq . d x/fPF . d 8'aF] . d lgY?Ss} leh]F . clg, laxfgLkv :jod\nfO{ PSn} Tof] cfln;fg xf]6n ] sf] /]zdL knªdf a]xfn cj:yfdf kfPF .

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s]xL lbg kZrft, pxL ;/sf/L sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf pbo d]/f] clkm;df cfPsf] lyof] . To;n] dnfO{ lh:Sofpg] Pp6f gofF lgx'F kfPsf] lyof] . dnfO{ dtfP/ p;n] d]/f] ;Dk"0f{ n'6s ] f] lyof] . egf}F d p;sf] cl3 Ps k|sf/n] gtd:ts ag]sf] lyPF . nfl~5t . p;n] dnfO{ hfgL hfgL jzdf /fVg] pkfo /r]sf]n] sfon agfPsf] lyof] . ca p;n] h] eG5 ToxL dfGg' k5{ d}n] . cfTdUnflgn] s'ts'lt nufO /Xof] . pm a]jf:tf af]ln /Xof] . d v'lDr /x]F . pm ddfly xs hdfO /Xof] . r'krfk p;sf s'/fx?nfO{ cg'df]bg ul/ /xg] Pp6f /a/ :6\ofDk ;/x ag]F . p;sf k|:tfjx? ;xif{ :jLsf/L /x]F . p;n] dnfO{ r'Stf lsGof] Tof] /ft . d ;j{:j las]F . dfG5] o;/L laS5 -<_ cfkm}nfO{ lwSsfl/ /x], lwSsfl/ /x]F . lxF8g\ ] a]nfdf p;n] d]/f] sfgd} cfP/ lvl:v;fpFb} af]ns ] f] lyof], …t}n + ] lrlg;\ Tof] s]6L < lrlg;\ s] <Ú …cxF lrlggF t ÛÚ o;/L ;fgf] afns h:tf] lgZ5n af]ns ] f] lyPF . …Tof] cfef lyO{ . cfef . …Sof t xf}, Tof] sfFOnf 8«fOe/sL 5f]/L Û ca t lrlg;\ ÛÚ olt elg /fv]/ pm pkxf;L xfF;f] xfF:b} aflxl/Psf] lyof] . b'O{ jif{kl5 d]/f] :yfGt/0f u|fdL0f k|jw{g Pjd\ ljsf; ljefudf x'G5 . gofF ljefu gofF ;fyLefO clg ;Dks{x? . Ps lbg d]/f ;xfos ld:6/ ljj]sn] a]ns ' Lsf] vfgfdf xfdL ;kl/jf/nfO{ pgsf] 3/ lgDTofpF5g\ . s]xL ca]/} ;xL, cfltYonfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{ xfdL k'U5f}F pgsf] cflnzfg 3/df . ;xfos cleoGtfsf] zfgbf/ 3/ . dfG5] ;'xfpFlbnf] . /ª\u /f]ug clg agfj6 sxLF st} b]v] h:tf] . ;kgf ljkgf clg ;Demgfleq stf stf k"j{ 3l6t 36gfsf] k'gM b[Zofjnf]sg h:tf] . ;Nofª dNofª 5fofF . k'gM jf:tljstfdf em5{' . leqaf6 xNsf lgnf] /ª\usf] ;f8ÞL klxl/PsL :qL cfpFb} l5g\ xfd|f] :jfutdf . ld:6/ ljj]sn] lrgfpF5g\, …oxfF d]/L wd{kTgL ÛÚ clejfbgdf d gd:t] kmsf{pbF 5 } ' . d]/L >LdtL klg v';Ln] lvlTvtfpFb} xfF:b} l5g\ ld;];\ ljj]s;Fu . …sxfF b]vs ] f] of] cg'xf/ ÛÚ Pp6f ;':s]/f h:tf] cfjfh ;x;f km'l:sof] d'vaf6 . xf] b]vs ] f] g} xf] Tof] cg'xf/ . t/ lglb{i6 7fFp clg ;do 1ft ePg . 58\s] cfFvfn] 5lnFb} k'gM x]l/ k7fpF5' . kSs} b]vs ] f] x'g' k5{ Û …;/ s] lng' x'G5, XjL:sL, a|f08L, lao/ < ;

d]dnfO{ < jfOg, j|Lh/ of /d <Ú ld:6/ ljj]s ljgd|tf;fy cfu|x ub}5 { g\ . …ANofs 6LÚ eg]/ d s'lGg s'g ;f]rfOdf 8'aF] . >LdtLn] jfOg lkpg] eOg\ . dnfO{ ha/hl:t a|fG8L lkpg] lgj]bg eof] . x7ft\ kl5af6 gf/L cfjfh u'l~hof], …c/] ;/ Û d}n] tkfO{n + fO{ sxLF e]6s ] f] xf] xO{ < :d/0f ug{' xf];\ t sfF e6]sf] <Ú d em:s]F PsfPs . cfjfh km]l/ k|jflxt eof] …xf] t lg Û d}n] tkfO{n + fO{ Tof] uf8ÞLdf e]6]sf] lrGg' eof] < xf] lg, lrGg' eof] ca rflxF kSsf . cF 8fS6/gL aGg] ;kgf ;fsf/ gePtf klg .Ú pgL af]Nbf af]Nb} c8lsOg\ . ca d cf}wL ql;t clg zAbxLg lyPF . d':sfPF dfq . w]/} a'em]/ klg s]xL ga'em]sf] em}F . ld:6/ ljj]sn] s] a'em] x'g,\ lar}df s'/f sf6]/ d]/f] zª\sf Ps} jfSodf lgjf/0f ul/ lbP …logL cfef x'g\ Û 8]9 jif{ cl3 xfd|f] lax] ePsf] xf] .Ú …c/] xf] t lg cfef, d}n] lal;{ ;s]5' . d t e'nSs8 5' xf}, …gfO; sknÚ clt g} /fd|f] hf]8f . w]/} w]/} cflzjf{b clg z'esfdgf 5 . clg s] ub}5 { o\ f} <Ú 5fltleq lgs} s'/f n'sfpFb} af]qm] af]ln k7fPF . …Pn=8L=;L 5', xfdL Pp6} l8kf6{dG] 6df ÛÚ dnfO{ ;'gfP em}F pm ;Gt'li6 af]ns ] L lyO{ . d cfTd Unflgn] lk/f]lnb} lyPF . Iff]e tyf nf~5gfn] 5ftL ps';d's; ' agfO ;s]sf] lyof] . a;]s} 7fpFdf z/L/ emg\ ux'uF f] ux'uF f] x'bF } uof] . p7]/ lxF8f}F of r'krfk al; /xf}s F f] l:yltdf lsFst{Joljd"9 . s], s] x]b{} 6f]nfO /x] cfˆg} ;ª\sl' rt kl/lwleq . x]l/ /x]sf cfFvfn] s] b]lv /x]sf 5g\ yfxf ePg . af]ln /x]sf pgLx? s] af]Nb}5g\ 1ft ePg . d ljutsf] ulx/f] vf8nleq kl; ;s]sf] lyPF . ToxfF uHofª dHofª y'k}| c:ki6 b[Zox? l;lNanfO /x]sf lyP . tL Ps Ps ub}{ p8\b} lanfpFb} lyP . k'gM cGo b[Zox? ylkFb} hfGy] . cgsG6f/ 7fpF . d]/f cgu{n :d[ltsf eofjx jt{dfg . OG›]0fLsf ;ft} /ª Ps kl5 csf]{ ablnFb} hfGy] . d Ps Ps ub}{ ;a} /ªdf kfn} kfnf] 8'Ab} t}l/Fb} hfGy]F . d afWo lyPF . k'gM vNalnG5' cfˆg} dgsf] Pp6f cg'Ql/t k|Zgn]– …olb of] cfef xf] eg] pbosf] Tof] ;/k|fOh rflxF sf] lyO{ <Ú xftsf] a|fG8L :jf6\6} kf/]kl5 k'gM el/ lbg] cfu|x ub}{ yy{/fpFbf] af]n,F] …d] cfO{ Xofa jfg Unf; lKnh ÛÚ -ef/t_

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 32

k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

syf

gflugf xf]dzª\s/ af:tf]nf gflugfsf] lbgrof{ lbglbg} ;fOlsn 8f]¥ofP/ 3'Dg] lyof] . slxn] ;fOsn r9]/ s'bY\ of] . slxn] ;fOlsn 8f]¥ofP/ ;x/sf leqL uNnL rxfYof]{ . ;fOlsnsf] k5fl8 kmnfdsf 808L afFw/] ;fdfg af]Sg ldNg] s]l/o/ /fv]sf] lyof] . ;fOlsnsf] lar 808Ldf TofGb|fª\tª' b|ª' h'6sf] af]/f 3';f/]sf] x'GYof] . s;}n] b]Vbf To; wf]qmf]df s]xL ;fdfg xf]nf eGg] c8\sn sf6\g ;SYof] . ;fOlsn cln k'/fgf] lyof] t/ pm htg ;fy rnfpFYof] . gflugf ;8sdf lxF8b\ f s'g} dflg; b]Vg] lalQs} …l6gf, sfkL, sfuhÚ eGb} kNofsk'ns ' x]Yof]{ . ha dfG5]sf] rxnkxn a9L b]lvGYof] pm emg\ hf]8n] s/fpFYof] . pm ltg–rf/ lbgkl5 Tof] If]qdf cfO k'UYof] . …cf] ;fphL l6gf, sfkL, lstfa 5 < xfdL nfG5Ú pm eGYof] . pm cfkm"nfO{ xfdL eGYof] . pm ;x/df a;]sf] bz jif{ eO ;s]sf] lyof] . pm ljxf/sf] ¿k]l8ofaf6 sf7df8f}F cfpFbf g]kfnL s]xL hfGb}g lyof] . pm k'/} ef]hk'/L af]NYof] . o; lardf pm k'/} g]kfnL a'‰g] ePsf] lyof] . p;sf] 3/sf] cj:yf gfh's lyof] . afa'nfO{ 3/ rf]/L ug{ cfpg] 8fFsfn] uf]nL xfg]/ df/]sf lyP . To;kl5 pm lj/St ag]sf] lyof] . cfdf 3/df PSnL lyOg\ . pm ufpFdf a/fnf lyof] . s]xL ;'wn ]| f eg]/ p;sL cfdfn] p;sf] lax]sf] k|:tfj /fv]sL lyOg\ . p;n] kNnf ufpFsL /fdcjtf/sL 5f]/L;Fu ljjfx u/]sf] lyof] . lax] u/]sf] jif{ lbgkl5 p;sL 5f]/L hGd]sL lyO{ . p;n] 5f]/LnfO{ w]/} dfof uYof]{ . cGo 5f]/f5f]/L ghGd]sfn] Ps ;Gtfgn] dfq lrQ a'emfPsf] lyof] . …rGb/ ltdL t w]/} k};f sdfpF5f} /] . s]xL sfd kfOG5 eg] dnfO{ klg n}hfpg ÛÚ gflugfn]

p;Fu sf7df8f}F uP/ k};f sdfpg] OR5f JoSt u/]sf] lyof] . …x'G5 hfpF g . ToxfF h] sfd u/] klg k};f sdfpg ;lsG5 .Ú kfFr jif{bl] v sf7df8f}d F f t/sf/L / kmnk'mn a]Rb} cfPsf] rGb/n] eg]sf] lyof] . pm bz lbg cl3 dfq 57 dfGg cfPsf] lyof] . …lxF8 kl/>d cfkm"n] ug]{ xf] . d t ToxfFsf] d'Vo t/sf/L ahf/af6 l;hg cg';f/ t/sf/L, kmnkm'n lsg]/ ;x/ 3'dfpF5' . lbgdf Psb'O{ ;o sdfO x'G5 . s'gs } g' } lbg ;f]r] h:tf] efp k¥of] eg] ;ft–cf7 ;o sldg ;S5 . slxn] 3f6f klg k5{ . ldx]gt ;fy sfd ug{' k5{ . hLp t kfln xflnG5 lg ÛÚ rGb/n] p;nfO{ cfZjf;g lbPsf] lyof] . …ltdL kfFr–5 dlxgfdf cfpF5f} . Ps k6sdf slt k};f lnP/ cfpF5f} . nufgL lgs} vr{ ug{' kbf]{ xf] lg Û k};f h'6fpg kf] sl7g knf{ t ÛÚ gflugfn] p;Fu hfgsf nflu rflxg] vr{ / nufgL /sdsf] af/]df lrGtf JoSt u/]sf] lyof] . …vf;} w]/} rflxFbg} . d 5–;ft dlxgfdf 3/ cfpFbf ;fnfvfnf kGw|–la; xhf/ lnP/ cfpF5' . s'g} l;hgsf] a]nf k/]df klRr;–lt; xhf/ klg sldg ;S5 .Ú p;n] xfF;/] ;DemfPsf] lyof] . gflugf p;Fu cfPdf ;fyL x'g] 7fg]/ ;xof]u ug]{ arg lbPsf] lyof] . p;}sf] ;xof]un] pm sf7df8f}Fdf cfP/ To; sfddf nfu]sf] lyof] . p;n] ;ª\sng u/]/ nu]sf] ;fdfg lsg]sf] eGbf kfFr u'gf a9Ldf sjf8L ;ª\sng s]Gb|df nu]/ a]RYof] . p;n] /fd|f] cfDbfgL u/]sf] lyof] . pm ltg–rf/ lbgleq Tof] If]qdf cfO k'UYof] .

6\ofª6\ofª=== u/]/ ;fOlsn / l6gf 76fpFb} cfpFYof] . d …l6gf, sfkL, sfuhÚ eGg] :j/ ;'Gg] lalQs}

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sf]7fleq l5y]F{ . p;sf] cfjfh ;'Gg] lalQs} 8/fpFyF] .

Ps lbgsf] s'/f xf], d afafn] NofO lbPsf] v]nfpg] uf8L u'8fO /x]sL lyPF . sDKo'6/ 6]lansf] 5]j}df Od/h]G;L nfO6 rfh{ ug{ /flvPsf] lyof] . uf8L bf}8b} hfFbf sDKo'6/ 6]landf 7f]lsg] cj:yfdf k'Uof] . uf8L 6]landf 7f]lsFbf lau|]nf eGg] 8/n] /f]Sg vf]h]F . ToxL cj:yfdf tf/df clNemP/ Od/h]G;L nfO6 e'O{+df em¥of] . tf/ e'O{+df /x]sf] dlN6Knudf hf]l8Psf] lyof] . e'Od +{ f embf{ Od/h]G;L nfO6sf] l;;f km'6o\ f] . ddL kf]t] pGb} x'g' x'GYof] .

Tof] cj:yfn] pxfFsf] Psfu|tf eª\u eof] . pxfFn] dnfO{ xsfg{'ef] . …/fd /fd ;j{gf;} ul/5 . Sof cnlR5g /lx5] .Ú ;8s aflx/ gflugf l6gf, sfkL, sfuh eGb} rsf]{ :j/n] lrRofO /x]sf] lyof] . ddLn] p;sf] :j/ ;'Gg] lalQs} …tF rsrs u5]; { \ < Tof] l6gf, sfkL lsGg]nfO{ lbG5Ú' eGb} dnfO{ c7\ofP/ aflx/ l3;fg{' eof] . d lrRofPF, /f]PF . t/ ddLn] 3/sf] afb{nLdf nu]/ …P Û l6gf, sfuh nfg] e}of . o;nfO{ n}hf ÛÚ eGb} xfF:g' eof] . d cfF;' k'5b\ } /f]O /x]sL lyPF . l6gf sfuh lng] gflugf d}n] gb]Vb} xfdL a;]sf] 3/ sfl6 ;s]sf] lyof] . d /f]Psfn] ddLn] …rsrs gu/ n gfg' . rsrs gu/] d gfg'nfO{ lbGg lg ÛÚ eGg' eof] . d}n] 6fpsf] xNnfPF . …dnfO{ glbg' n ddL d rsrs ulb{gFÚ eg]/ ddLsf] cFufnf]df n'6'k'6' ePF . …ddL Tof] dfG5] s:tf] x'G5, To;n] vfG5 .Ú ddLnfO{ afn caf]w dgn] ;fw]sL lyPF . …rsrs ug]{ s]6fs]6L lbof] eg] nu]/ ksfP/ vfG5 . To;sf hFu' f klg nfdf nfdf x'G5g\ . bfFt aflx/ lg:s]sf x'G5g\ . ef]ln o:t} ljuf/ u¥of} eg] glbO 5f8\lbg .Ú ddLn] 8/ b]vfpg' ePsf] lyof] . xfdL a;]sf] 3/ 5]paf6 pm l6gf, sfkL, sfuh eGb} hfGYof] . d 8/n] leq n'SyF] . v]Nb} x'bF f ddLsf] ;f8Lsf] km]/df em'lG8Gy]F] . afaf ePsf] a]nf afafsf] xft c7\ofpFy]F . afafnfO{ cFufnf] dfy]{F . pm s/fpFb} lxF8b\ f afafnfO{ To;} u/]sL x'Gy]F . p;n] l6gf, sfuh eGb} xfdL a;]sf] 3/ sf6]kl5 Pslbg d}n] afafnfO{ eg], …afaf Û l6gf, sfkL, sfuh eGg] dfG5]sf] d'v s:tf] x'G5 < bfFt klg nfdf nfdf x'G5g\ /] xf] . To;n] slQ rsrs] s]6fs]6L vfO

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;Sof] xf]nf xlu, afaf ÛÚ d]/f] afn caf]w k|Zg ;'g/] afafn] xfF:b} eGg' ePsf] lyof], …wt\ Û df]/L, dfG5]n] dfG5] vfG5 < pm klg xfdL h:t} t xf] lg . ltdLnfO{ s;n] eGof] <Ú …ddLn] eGg'efÚsf] . ksfP/} vfG5] /] . h'uF f klg nfdf nfdf x'G5g\ /] Û xf] afaf <Ú afafn] d';S' s xfF;/] km]l/ eGg' eof], …ddLn] ltdLnfO{ 8/ b]vfPsf] . h'uF f gsf6]kl5 d]/f g} nfdf x'G5g\ lg . wt\ Û lsg 8/fPsL . s;}n] s]xL ub}g{ .Ú afafn] ;DemfP klg gflugfsf] af]nL ;'Gg] lalQs} dleq 8/ l;h{gf x'GYof] . d 8/n] nunu sfDy]F . xfdL sf]7fdf l6eL x]l/ /x]sf] lyof}F . sfkL, sfuh, l6gf, sjf8L ;dfg eGb} gflugf ;8s x'bF } cfpFb} lyof] . ddL sf]7f aflx/ lgl:sP/ p;nfO{ af]nfpg' ef] . pm 3/sf] dfly g} cfof] . afaf b}lgs klqsf lsg]/ k9\g' x'GYof] . tL klqsf lbgsf nflu ddLn] af]nfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . pm cfPsf] yfxf kfpg] lalQs} d ;'Tg] vf6d'lg n'sF] . …bLIff lsg n'ss ] L < gflugfn] nfFbg} g8/fpm . d}n] lbP kf] d]/L 5f]/L nfG5 .Ú ddLn] 8/ eufpg] sf]l;; ug{' eof] . t/ d Zjf; km]/s ] f] p;n] ;'G5 ls eg]/ la:tf/L km]l/ /x]sL lyPF . ddLn] p;nfO{ d 8/fPsf] s'/f eGg' eof] . p;n] dnfO{ af]nfpg eGof] . d}n] 6]l/gF . dleq 8/ hflu /x]sf] lyof] . afafn] ha/h:tL dnfO{ b]vfpg nfg vf]Hg' x'bF f d hf]8n] lrRofPsL lyPF . d w]/} ?Fbf klg d]/f v'6\6f e'Od +{ f l3;fb}{ afafn] p;sf] 5]pdf nfg' eof] . …x]/g gfg' Û gflugfn] s]xL ub}g{ . p;sL klg ltdL h:t} 5f]/L 5 .Ú afafn] d]/f] lrpF8f] prfNb} p;nfO{ b]vfpg' eof] . d}n] 8/n] sfDb} p;nfO{ x]/F] . ddLn] eg]h:t} pm lyPg . oltv]/ p;sf] cl3 pHHjn /x]sf] cg'xf/ cFWof/f] ePsf] lyof] . p;sf] unf cj?4 eof] . p;n] uf]hLaf6 Pp6f rsn]6 lems]/ lbb} eGof] …gfg', n]pm rsn]6 . g8/fpm . d s]xL ulb{gF . olt /fd|L 5f]/LnfO{ . d]/L klg o:t} 5f]/L === .Ú pm olQs}df /f]lsof] . p;sf cfFvf / d]/f cfFvf h'Wbf cfFvfdf cfF;' b]v]sL lyPF . d 8/n] p;nfO{ k'/} x]g{ ;lsgF . p;n] cfFvf k'5/] sfuh hf]Vof] . p;sf] Tof] If0f afafddLn]

s]xL rfn kfpg' ePsf] lyPg . …km]l/ cfpFbf 5f]/LnfO{ rsn]6 NofO lbG5'Ú olt eg]/ h'6sf] af]/fdf klqsf xfn]/ pm lxF8o\ f] . d p;nfO{ x]l/ /x]sL lyPF . ddLn] eg]sf] eGbf pm cfsfz kftfnaLr km/s lyof] . klxn] pmk|lt 3[0ff / 8/ nfu]sf] eP klg p;nfO{ e]6k] l5 ddf dfof hfu]sf] lyof] . pm ltg–rf/ lbg la/fP/ xfd|f] a:tLdf cfpFYof] . slxn] sfxLF xKtf lbgkl5 cfpFYof] . xfdL a;]sf] 3/ 5]pdf gcfO k'Ub} sjf8L ;fdfg, l6gf, sfuh eGYof] . pm dnfO{ af]nfpFYof] . d}n] g;'gd ] f sf]7d } f cfP/ 9S9SofpFYof] . slxn] Pp6f t slxn] b'O–{ ltg j6f ljleGg gfd ePsf rsn]6 lbGYof] . p;sf] / d]/f] ldnfk b]v/] ddLnfO{ lbUbf/ nfu]sf] lyof] . Ps lbg ddLnfO{ l/; p7]/ eGg' ePsf] lyof], …gflugf ltdL d]/L 5f]/LnfO{ slt b'Mv lbG5f} < cfOGbf d]/L 5f]/LnfO{ rsn]6, la:s'6 NofP/ e]6g\ ] gu/ . ltdLh:tf] l6gf, sjf8L a6'Ng] JolStn] lbPsf] rsn]6 d]/L 5f]/L vfGg .Ú …x]gf]; { \ lbbL, d}n] bLIffnfO{ d]/L 5f]/L h:t} nfu]/ rsn]6 NofO lbPsf] x'F . 5f]/L tkfO{s + L eP klg d]/f] dgn] dfGb}g . tkfO{s + L 5f]/LnfO{ d}n] 5f]/L dfGbf s] kfk u/]F t < d]/L klg 5f]/L ===.Ú p;sf] unf cj?4 eof] . To;a]nf p;sf cfFvfaf6 cfF;' em/]sf lyP . p;n] unfdf a]/s ] f] uD5fn] cfF;' k'5s ] f] lyof] . p;sf] dk|ltsf] dfof b]v/] ddLn] s]xL eGg' ePsf] lyPg . pm To;} u/L cfpFYof] . d]/f] xft ;dfTYof] . d}n] eg]sf] lrhan, rsn]6 lbGYof] / 5f]/L eg]/ dfof uYof]{ . To;kl5 cg'xf/ dlng kfb{Yof] / cfFvf k'5\Yof] . pm o;}u/L b'O{ jif{;Dd nuftf/ cfO /x]sf] lyof] . d :s'n uPsf] avt p;n] rsn]6 ddLnfO{ 5f]8\g] u/]sf] x'GYof] .

Ps lbg pm ;fOlsn c8\ofP/ cfFugdf pleof] . Pp6f k'l/of la:s'6 lbof] . p;n] lbPsf] la:s'6 vf];/] p;}lt/ kmfNb} ddLn] emf]lsFb} eGg' ePsf] lyof], …glugf Û tF d]/L 5f]/LnfO{ o;/L gkmsf . tFh:tf sjf8L l6Kg]n] lbPsf] la:s'6l;:s'6 bLIff vfGg . tF uO xfn ÛÚ pm lªRr xfF:of] . …lbbL of] d'6n ' fO{ eGgf];\ .

cfˆgf 5f]/f 5f]/Lsf] dfof slt x'G5 .Ú p;n] bfofF xftn] 5ftL 5f]of] . …lbbL of] dg hlt ;DemfP klg ;lDemb}g . s] ef] t xh'/sL 5f]/L d}n] nu]sf] 5'OgF . 5f]/Lsf] dfofn] === k'tnL h:tL tkfO{s + L 5f]/LnfO{ dfof u/]sf] x'F . dfof eGg] s'/f ul/a xf];\ jf wgL, dfUg] xf];\ jf lbg] ;a}sf] Pp6} x'bF f] /x]5 . d]/L klg logL h:t} 5f]/L=== .Ú p;n] afofF xftn] cfFvf k'5o\ f] . uD5fn] cg'xf/ k'5/] ddLn] ˆofFss ] f] la:s'6 l6k]/ dnfO{ lbFb} xft xNnfpFb} lxF8o\ f] . ddLn] ;f]wvf]h ug{ vf]Hbf s]xL gatfO pm sDkfpG8af6 aflx/ lgl:sof] . gflugf ltg dlxg} cfPg . Ps lbg afafnfO{ eg]sL lyPF, …afaf gflugf lsg cfPg . la/fdL eP5 ls s] xf] <Ú afaf xfF:g' ePsf] lyof] . …o;nfO{ rsn]6 slt dL7f] nfU5 . gflugfn] rsn]6 NofO lbGYof], ca vfg] eO;\ .Ú gflugf x/fPsf] lgs} lbg ePsfn] afafn] ddLnfO{ eGg' ePsf] lyof], …/f]h,' gflugf lsg cfPg < ;wF} cfpFYof] . b'Mv ;'vsf s'/f ub{Yof] . ljb]zL eP klg pm eb| / bofn' dfG5] lyof] . la/fdL eof] ls <Ú pm gcfPsf] ltg dlxgf eGbf a9L ePsfn] dnfO{ lrGtf nfu]sf] lyof] . pm 3/ uof] ls Û sf]7f ;/]/ st} a;]sf] x'g' k5{ . g lj/fdL k/]/ c:ktfn kf] 5 < o;/L r6Ss} glal;{g' kg]{ xf] . To:tf] lgi7'/L t lyPg . rf}y+ f] dlxgf gflugfsf] ;fyL hf]luGb| …l6gf, sfkL, sfuhÚ eGb} cfof] . …cf] e}of, gflugfnfO{ lrG5f} <Ú …cf] bfO Û gflugfnfO{ lsg glrGg' . xfd|} ufpFsf] bfO xf] . p;}n] dnfO{ sf7df8f}F lrgfPsf] xf] . glrGg] s'/} e}g .Ú …pm cr]n otf gcfPsf] w]/} eof] . st} la/fdL k¥of] ls < ;wF} cfO /xGYof] . olt lgi7'/L lyPg .Ú afafn] ;f]Wg' eof] . d afafsf] xft cF7\ofP/ gflugfsf] af/]df ;'lg /x]sL lyPF . dnfO{ p;sf] af/]df lrGtf nflu /x]sf] lyof] . …aaf{b} eof] lg bfO ÛÚ xfdL eml:sof}F . …gflugfsL :jf:gL klxn} d/]sL xf] . p;n] 5f]/Lsf] lax] jif{lbg cl3 ul/ lbPsf] xf] . lar/f Û pm k'tnL h:tL lyO{ . bfOhf] lbPg eg]/ nf]Ug] / ;f;' ldn]/ tftf]kfgL vGofP/ df/]5g\ . lax]df HjfO{n + ] df]6/;fOlsn dfu

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 35

u/]sf] lyof] /] . ;fOlsn;Dd t lbPs} xf] . sxfFaf6 NofP/ lbof];\ xh'/ Û oxL sdfO xf] . k]6 kfNg} k¥of] . afnaRrf kfNg} k¥of] . eP kf] lbg' . eP t s' g afa' c fdfn] 5f] / f5f] / LnfO{ gb] n fg\ / < 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ;'v g} cfˆgf] ;'v xf] . xh'/, ToxL eP/ pm 3/ uPsf] xf], cem} cfPsf] 5}g . HjfO{– ;;'/f g]tfsf dfG5] /x]5g\ . 5f]/L df/]sf] gflugfn] ph'/L u¥of] eg]/ ckx/0f u/] eGg] ;'gs ] f] x',F c¿ s]xL yfxf 5}g .Ú …xh'/ Û 7'nf dfG5]sf] ;+/If0fdf h;n] h] ubf{ x'bF f] /x]5 . xfdLnfO{ eP t k'ln;n] plxNo} sf]lr ;SYof] . t/ /fhg}lts ;+/If0fdf /x]sf ck/fwLnfO{ v} ;hfo < Ps lbg g Ps lbg Gofo xf]nf lg <Ú p;n] jt{dfg /fhg}lts ljs[ltk|lt /f]if k|s6 u¥of]

/ l6gf, sfkL, sfuh eGb} lxF8o\ f] . d}n] b]Vbf p;n] l3;f/]sf] ;fOlsn gflugfsf] xf] h:tf] nfu]sf] lyof] . p;sf s'/fn] d]/f afafsf cfFvfdf cfF;' knfPsf lyP . pxfFn] nfdf] Zjf; km]//] eGg'ef], …gfg' Û gflugfn] ltdLnfO{ cfˆg} 5f]/L ;Dem]/ dfof u/]sf] /x]5 . afa'sf] 5f]/f 5f]/Lk|lt slt dfof x'G5 ÛÚ gflugfsf] 36gf ;'g/] d w]/} /f]PsL lyPF . p;n] dnfO{ slt dfof uYof]{ . gflugfsf] dfofn] dnfO{ Ps xKtf;Dd vfgf ?r]sf] lyPg . ljBfnosf] sIff sf]7fdf 6f]nfPsf] b]v/] s[i0f ;/n] eGg' ePsf] lyof], …bLIff ltdLnfO{ ;Grf] 5}g < cfh sIff lng kb}g{ , ltdLnfO{ labf ef] .Ú t/ d]/f] dg gflugfsf] 36gf ;'g/] a]rg} ePsf] lyof] . ljr/f Û b]z, hft, wd{ km/s eP klg dfof Pp6} x'bF f] /x]5 . ;

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k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

;dfnf]rgf

gf6sdf /ª\u lgb]z { 8f= sfG5L dxh{g ljifo k|j]z gf6s ;flxTosf] snfTds cleJolStsf] ;fy;fy} k|bz{gsf/L snf klg xf] . k|bz{gaf6 gf6sn] cfˆgf] ;Dk"0f{tf, ;Dk|]if0f zlSt tyf ;[hgfTds ;fy{stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5 . o;sf/0f gf6ssf/n] gf6s /rgf ubf{sf] ;dodf k|bz{gsf nflu cfjZos /ª\u lgb{z ] gf6sdf pNn]v u/]sf x'G5g\ . o;nfO{ gf6ssf] /ª\ud~rLo kIf klg elgG5 . gf6s k|bz{gsf/L snf ePsfn] gf6s bz{s ;fd' k|:t't ul/g' kb{5 . gf6\o n]vg gf6\o k|:t'ltsf nflu cf/Desf] cj:yf xf] eg] bz{s ;dIf d~rdf k|:t'lt ug{' gf6ssf] clGtd nIo xf] . k|:t'ltsf nflu rflxg] /ª\u d~rLo k|ljlwsf] lgb{z ] gf6ssf/n] gf6s /rgf ubf{sf] cj:yfdf g} Wofg lbPsf x'G5g\ . oxL lgb{z ] n] g} gf6ssf] d~rg k4ltsf] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . o;}nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ gf6ssf] bf];f| ] ;h{s dflgg] lgb{z ] sn] gf6\o k|:t'ltsf] cfjZos kl/sNkgf ub{5g\ . gf6ssf k|foM sf]i7sleq lbOg] /ª\u lgb{z ] df gf6\o k|:t'ltsf] k4lt, kfqsf] clego kIf, ;+jfb cflbsf] l:ylt, e]ife"iff, b[Zo;Hhf, d~r;Hhf, k|sfz, Wjlg, ;ª\uLt, bz{ssf] cj:yf ;fy} cGo k|fljlws kIfsf] klg hfgsf/L lbPsf] x'G5 . oL gf6\o k|:t'ltsf nflu ckl/xfo{ tTTj x'g\ . log} tTTjn] gf6snfO{ k|bz{gsf/L snfsf ¿kdf :yflkt ;flxTosf cGo ljwfaf6 gf6snfO{ cnu ljwfsf ¿kdf lrgfPsf] 5 . gf6sLo sYodf klg lgb{z ] gsf] kIf ;dfj]z /xg] eP tfklg oxfF gf6sdf k|ToIf ¿kdf lbOPsf lgb{]z ;ª\s]tsf] dfq ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfnL gf6\o hut\df gf/L gf6ssf/ ;flxTosf] b[Zo e]b cGtu{t kg{] gf6s /ª\ud~rsf] ljsf; g]kfnL ;flxTo hut\df cGo ljwfsf] t'ngfdf kl5 dfq ePsf] b]lvG5 . l;ª\uf] g]kfnL ;flxTos} Oltxf;df Tolt km:6fpg g;s]sf] gf6s ljwfnfO{ dlxnf gf6ssf/sf] sndn] klg pNn]vgLo pj{/tf k|bfg ug{ cu|;/ /x]sf] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsFbg} . dlxnf ;|i6fsf] Wofg k"0ff{ªs \ L/ n3' gf6s b'jt} km{ cfslif{t ePsf] kfOG5 tfklg g]kfnL gf6sdf klxnf] dlxnf x:tfIf/ sf] lyof] eGg]df dt}So kfOFb}g . g]kfnL dlxnf ;flxTosf/ u|Gysf] …g]kfnL gf6sdf dlxnf n]vgÚ zLif{ssf] n]vdf nLnf n'O6F n ] n] g]kfnL Psfª\sL gf6sdf dlxnfsf] k|j]z /flwsf /fofsf] hLjgsf] OR5f -ef/tL, &÷&, ;g\ !(%$_ zLif{s Psfª\sLaf6 ePsf] b]lvG5Ú -n'O6F n ] , @)^( M !*%_ eg]sL 5g\ . cl:ttf klqsfdf ;'wf lqkf7Lsf] …;flxTodf dlxnf n]vgsf] Oltxf;Ú n]v k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . o; n]vdf ;flxTosf ;Dk" 0 f{ ljwfdf g] k fnL dlxnf ;flxTosf/sf] l:ylt cWoog ul/Psf] 5 . o;} qmddf gf6s÷n3'gf6ssf] cj:yf s]nfpg] l;nl;nfdf …;fljqL kf]v/]nsf] snª\sL ;dfh gf6s g} dlxnf ;|i6f /lrt k|yd k|sflzt -@)!%_ k"0ff{ªs \ L g]kfnL gf6s xf]Ú -lqkf7L, @)^# M @#!_ elgPsf] 5 . @)!( efb| @# ut]sf] uf]/vfkqdf a]~h' zdf{sf] bz ?lkofFsf] gf]6 k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . kfl/hftn] lj=;+= @)!@ lt/ …;k"tÚ gfds Psfª\sL n]vs ] f] s'/f ;'sGofaf6 df}lvs hfgsf/L kfOG5 t/ pgn] n]vs ] f] Ps sl7g lgisif{ -@)@#_ Psfª\sL /]l8of]af6 k|;fl/t / k|sflzt x'G5 -l3ld/], @)^$ M $_ . g]kfnL gf6ssf] kl5Nnf] r/0fdf gf/L ;|i6fsf] pkl:ylt ;Gtf]ifhgs g} b]lvG5 . /flwsf /fof,

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 37

dfofb]jL ;'Aaf, ;fljqL kf]v/]n, zfGtf >]i7, a]~h' zdf{, ;fljqL l;njfn, ls/0f zfSo, kfl/hft, sdnf Gof}kfg], zf/bf ;'Aaf, /lZd vltj8f, j]bs'df/L Gof}kfg], afaf a:g]t, ;'wf lqkf7L, hoGtL :kGbg, ljhof :d[lt, zf/bf l;njfn, dfw'/L e6\6/fO{, d~h' sfFrn ' L, xl/dfof e]6jfn cflb gf6ssf/ g]kfnL gf6\o hut\df /x]sf 5g\ . s[i0fk|;fb l3ld/]sf] ;DkfbsTjdf @)^% ;fndf ;femf k|sfzgaf6 k|sflzt kfl/hftsf gf6sdf kfl/hftsf Psfª\sLx? …Ps sl7g lgisif{Ú, …cFWof/f]sf] gbLÚ / …cfˆgf] /ftÚ tyf kfl/hftsf] k"0ff{ª\sL Ps hf]8L cGt/fn gf6s ;dfj]z 5g\ . ;flxTosf] leGg} ljwfsf ¿kdf ljsl;t gf6\o n]vgdf klg kfl/hftsf] bl/nf] snd rn]sf] 5 eGg] tYo ;DkfbsLodf k|:t't ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL gf6\o If]qdf gf/L gf6ssf/ lar cfˆgf] 5'6\6} :yfg agfpg ;kmn zf/bf ;'Aafsf] g]kfnL gf6\o hut\df cf}krfl/s ofqf @)$! ;fndf dl~rt …b]p/fnLdf Ps y'uF f km"nÚaf6 ePsf] xf] . logsf] ge]l6Psf] af6f] -@)$@, dl~rt_, gLnf] kL8f -@)$&, dl~rt_, b]v]sf dfG5]x? -@)$&_ / ;dfgfGt/ -@)$*, dl~rt_ gf6sx? /x]sf 5g\ eg] c3f]lift gLnf] kL8f -@)%%_ / ozf]w/f -@)^%_ gf6\o s[lt k|sflzt 5g\ . pko'S{ t tYoaf6 pgL s[lt k|sfzgdf eGbf d~rgdf a9L lqmofzLn ePsf] k'li6 x'G5 . ;'wf lqkf7Lsf] lgMZjf;sf u'h'N6fx?

-@)%%_ Psfª\sL ;ª\u|xdf ;ft j6f Psfª\sL ;ª\slnt 5g\ . ;d;fdlos o'jf gf6ssf/ xl/dfof e]6jfnsf] cfxfn -@)^(_ gf6s ;ª\ux| df ltg j6f gf6s ;ª\slnt b]lvG5g\ . o; n]vdf kfl/hftsf] Ps hf]8L cGt/fn, zf/bf ;'Aafsf] ozf]w/f / xl/dfof e]6jfnsf] cfxfn gf6s ;ª\ux| df ;dflji6 stfd/L gf6sdf /x]sf] /ª\u lgb{z ] kIfsf] ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6 gf/L gf6ssf/sf gf6sdf /x]sf] gf6\o k|:t'ltsf ljljw kIfaf/] hfgsf/L lng ;lsG5 .

5g\ . pgLx?sf] of]ubfgnfO{ ;dLIff ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . oxfF gf/L gf6ssf/sf gf6sdf /x]sf] gf6\o k|:t'ltsf] kIfnfO{ s]nfOPsf] 5 M

kfl/hftsf] Ps hf]8L cGt/fn kfl/hftsf gf6sdf ;ª\slnt Ps hf]8L cGt/fn ;fdflhs oyfy{df cfwfl/t ;ft b[Zodf /lrt k"0ff{ª\sL gf6s xf] . gf6ssf] cf/Dedf gf6ssf/n] …kfq kl/roÚ eGg] zLif{sdf gf6sdf k|oS' t kfqx?sf] hfgsf/L lbg'sf ;fy} pSt kfqx?sf] e]ife"iff, pd]/ / sfo{ Jofkf/sf] ;ª\st] fTds lgb{z ] lbOPsf] 5 . lhgsf] KofG6 / r]s ;6{ nufPsL, skfn kl5lNt/ nu]/ h'/f] kf/]sL, sf7df8f}dF f 8]/f u/L a:g], of]uz ] bfOsL alxgL, cljjflxt lzlIfsf, ] n] gf6\o k|:t'ltsf jif{ @#–@$ -k[=@!_ eGg] lgb{z qmddf ;fg" eGg] kfq cfw'lgs e]ife"iffdf pkl:yt x'g] :ki6 u/]sf] 5 . o; lgb{z ] n] kfqsf] s]z ljGof; ;d]tsf] l:ylt atfPsf] 5 . kfq kl/rodf gf6ssf/n] kfq lar /x]sf] gftfut ;DaGwnfO{ klg k|:6 lgb{]z u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} kfqsf] d"n rfl/lqs k|j[lQnfO{ ;ª\s]tfTds ¿kn] k|:t't ul/Psfn] lgb{z ] snfO{ cleg]tf rogdf ;lhnf] x'g] b]lvG5 . skfn, h'uF f sfnf] ePsf], /f]abf/, zª\sfn', 3dG8L, cGofoL / x}sdjfnf dflg;, jGbgfsf ] n] >Ldfg\, jif{ $& -k[=@!_ eg]/ ul/Psf] o; lgb{z kfqsf] kl/ro, rfl/lqs :jefj, cGo kfq;Fusf] gftfut ;DaGw, ljz]if zf/Ll/s klxrfg cflbsf] ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . o; kfqsf] e]ife"iffdf gf6ssf/n] lgb{z ] ssf] df}lns kl/sNkgf k|of]u ug{ kfpg] kl/j]z agfO lbPsf 5g\ . k|:t't gf6sdf kfq kl/ro kl5 b[Zo Ps cf/De ePsf] 5 . Ps cfw'lgs a}7ssf] sf]7f, hxfF Pp6f gf} jif{ hltsf] l76f] ;fwf/0f sldh nfP/ a;]sf] 5 . To;} a]nf aflx/af6 ;'l/nf] dlxnf cfjfh cfpF5 -k[=@@_ . o; lgb{]zn] d~rLo ;fdu|Lsf] af/]df atfPsf] 5 . ha kbf{ v'N5 ta ToxfF bz{sn] cfw'lgs ef}lts ;fdu|Ln] o'St a}7s gf6ssf] /ª\u lgb{]z kIf sf]7f b]V5g\ . d~r cfw'lgs ef}lts ;fdu|Ln] o'St g]kfnL gf6\o hut\df gf/L gf6ssf/x? klg x'g' kg{] s'/f gf6ssf/n] pNn]v u/] tfklg tL gf6\o n]vg, lgb{z ] g, clego nufotsf /ª\u sd{df ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]udf lgb{z ] ssf] df}lns kl/sNkgfnfO{ ;lqmo eP/ g]kfnL /ª\ud~rsf] ljsf;df lqmofzLn :jtGqtf lbOPsf] 5 . o; lgb{z ] gn] kfqsf] e]ife"iffsf

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 38

k|1f–ultljlw

af/]df klg ;ª\st] u/]sf] 5 . dlxnfsf] cfjfh ;'l/nf] x'g' kg{] lgb{z ] n] ;f] kfqsf] jflrs clego kIfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . cfuGt's leq k:5] . p;n] lhgsf] KofG6 / r]s ;6{ nufPsL 5], sfFwdf leg{] emf]nfdf ;fdfg af]ss ] L 5] ;fy} Psflt/ Pp6f Po/Aofu / csf{lt/ Aofu af]ss ] L 5] . ;a} skfn kl5lNt/ nu]/ Pp6f h'/f] afFws ] L 5] -k[=@@_ . o; lgb{]zn] cleg]tfsf] e]ife"iffsf ;fy} s]z ljGof;af/] klg hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . o; lgb{z ] n] gf6\o k|:t'ltdf oyfy{k/s b[Zo ljwfgsf] k|of]u x'g] hfgsf/L lbG5 . bf}8/] leq k:5, cfuGt's dlxnf emf]nLt'Daf le/]/} sf]7fsf] lg/LIf0f u5{] . Ps} l5gdf emG8} rfln;sL dlxnf l76f]sf] xft ;dft]/ a}7sdf cfpF5] -k[=@@_ . o; ;ª\s]tn] kfqsf] zfl//Ls ultsf] cj:yf atfPsf] 5 . kfqsf] zfl//Ls ultn] d~rLo ult klg ultzLn aGg k'U5 . bf}8/] d~rleq k|jz ] ug{] clegosf] ljz]if cj:yf xf] . o;n] Psflt/ bz{ssf] Wofg k|:t'ltlt/ s]lGb|t x'G5 eGg] csf{lt/ cleg]tfsf] clegodf klg hLjGttf cfpF5 . dlxnfn] sf]7fsf] lg/LIf0f ug]{ cj:yfn] d~rsf] k"0f{ ultzLntf b]vfpF5 . dlxnfn] l76f]sf] xft ;dft] / a} 7 sdf cfpg] ;Gbe{ n ] Ps kfqsf] ultzLntfn] csf{] kfqsf] clegodf klg ultzLntf cfpg] hfgsf/L kfOG5 . o;n] ubf{ k|:t'lt kIf ;an aGg] kl/j]z cfpF5 . lgb{z ] gsf] qmddf cfPsf Po/Aofuaf6 ;fa'g lnP/ lg:sG5] -k[=@@_, ls:tLdf lrof / rd]gf lnP/ cfpF5 -k[=@#_, ljqmd sf}rdf a;]/ d'v k':5, Pp6f r'/f]6 lems]/ ;NsfpFb} -k[=@$_, jGbgf ;/f}bf lnP/ ;'kf/L sf6\g yfN5] -k[=@(_, a]8NofDk afN5] / cf]5o\ fgdf 9|Ns]/ klqsf k9\b} lgbfpg vf]H5] -k[=##_ cflbn] oyfy{ b[Zo ljwfgo'St k|:t'ltsf] dfu ub{5 . km\Nof;Aofs . b'j} d"lt{jt\ cfˆgf cfˆgf :yfgdf a:5g\ . nfO6sf] rSsf 3'D5 . kl5af6 cfFwLa]x/L cfPsf] / yfldPsf] cfjfh cfpF5 . tnsf] ;+jfb g]kYoaf6 cfpF5 . ;+jfb cln uDeL/ :j/df x'g' k5{ -k[=#)_ o;df k|oS' t ˆnf;Aofsn] ljutsf 36gfaf/] bz{snfO{ cjut u/fPsfn] gf6sdf ;+:d/0ffTds z}nLsf] ;kmn k|of]u ePsf] kfOG5 . d"lt{jt\ /xg' / clegodf ;lqmo /xg' clegosf b'O{ ljk/Lt

efjo'St cj:yf x'g\ . d"lt{jt\ ¿k clegosf] Ps ljz]if cj:yf xf] . o; l:yltn] k|:| t'ltdf gf6sLo sYon] ljutsf] 36gfnfO{ k|bz{g ug{ nfu]sf] cj:yfnfO{ af]w u/fpF5 . nfO6sf] rSsf 3'Dg] lgb{z ] n] k|s | fz k|of]usf] cj:yf af/]df hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . cfFwL a]x/L cfPsf] / yfldPsf] l:yltnfO{ g]kYosf] efu k|of]u u/L Wjlg Joj:yfaf6 ug{ ;Sg] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . d~rsf cleg]tfx? d"lt{jt\ /x] tfklg g]kYo leqaf6 k|:t't x'g] ;+jfbn] gf6sLo k|:| t'lt ultzLn /xg] cj:yf 5 . o;df cleg]tfn] jflrs clegodf ljz]if Wofg /fVg' k5{ . gf6sdf kbf{ s f] k| o f] u af6 gf6ssf/n] b[ Z o kl/jt{gsf] cj:yf l;h{gf u/]sf 5g\ .

ToxL a}7s . Sof;]6df /]l8of] g]kfnsf] Pp6f k|d]| uLt alh /x]sf] 5 . jGbgf sf}rdf a;L s]xL a'Gg nfu]sL 5] . Ps l5g kl5 n'ªu\ L / Anfphdf ;fg" a}7sdf k:5] . klxn] Sof;]6 aGb u5{], To;kl5 xft afFw/] otfptf lxF8b\ } ljqmdsf] kmf]6f] ] n] oyfy{ d~r cl3 pleG5] -k[=#$_ . o; lgb{z ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u x'g' kg{] atfPsf] 5 . Sof;]6df k|d ] sf] uLt aHg' kg{] lgb{z ] /x] tfklg uLtsf] 5gf]6 lgb{z ] sn]] ug{ ;S5 . ;fg" kfq n'ªu\ L / Anfphdf d~rdf k|:t't x'g' kg{] hfgsf/L klg o;}af6 lbOPsf] 5. sf7df8f}F ;x/sf] Pp6f ;fwf/0f sf]7f, ;fO8df sl/8/ klg b]lvG5 . ;fO8df Pp6f ‰ofn klg 5 . ;fwf/0f vf6 klg 5 . Pp6f ;fwf/0f 6]a'n, b'O{ j6f To:t} s';L{ . Ps s'gfdf ;fgf] kbf{sf] 5]sf xfn]/ efG;f h:tf] agfOPsf] 5 .

Pp6f ;'6s]; 5 . :6f]e, efF8fs'8F f, afN6L OToflb 5g\==== -k[=$!_ b[Zo ltgsf] cf/Dedf lbPsf] o; lgb{z ] n] d~rdf k|of]u ul/g] ;fdu|L jf:tljs x'g' kg{] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ck/fXg, /f]kfOFsf] b[Zo, b'O{ hgf l76f] Pp6fn] csf{sf] xft sfFwdf /fv]sf], /f]kf/x?;Fu h'cf/L v]ln /x]sf] b[Zo . Ps l5gdf ToxfF emf]nf le/]/ dLg'sf] k|jz ] , pleP/ Ps l5g x]5]{ To;kl5 5]js } f] ?vsf] l9:sf]dfly a;L PsfGt ] n] k|:t'lt / kfqsf] clego x'G5] -k[=$*_ . o; lgb{z kIfaf/] atfPsf] 5 . /f]kfOFsf] b[Zo k|:t't ug{ k|tLsfTds / k|of]ufTdsdWo] s'g} Pssf] k|of]u lgb{z ] sn] ug{ ;S5g\ . emf]nf le/]sL dLg'sf] k|jz ] n]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 39

oyfy{ d~r ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ug{' kg{] b]lvG5 . ?vsf] l9:sf]sf] k|:t'ltsf nflu klg lgb{]zsn] k|tLsfTds / k|of]ufTdsdWo] s'g} Pssf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sb5g\ . em08} gf} jif{sf] cGt/fnkl5 ljqmdsf] a}7s clnslt x]/km]/ 5 -k[=%%_ . b[Zo 5 sf] cf/Dedf lbPsf] o; lgb{z ] n] k|:t'lt k4ltsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . gf} jif{sf] cGt/fnsf] cj:yf bz{sdfem ;Dk|]if0f ug{ lgb{]zsn] dlN6ldl8of cflbsf] k|of]u ug{ ;S5g\ . a}7s sf]7fsf nflu oyfy{ d~r ;fdu|Lsf] Joj:yf ug{' kg{] x'G5 . ;ft b[Zo;Dd /x]sf] o; gf6sn] sltko ;Gbe{df k|tLsfTds / k|of]ufTds k|:t'lt k4ltsf] dfu u/] tfklg cGo ;Gbe{df oyfy{ b[Zo ljwfgo'St k|:t'ltsf] lgb{]z u/]sf] 5 . lgb{]zsf qmddf gf6ssf/n] kfqsf] clegosf] cj:yf, e]ife"iff, k|sfz Joj:yf, Wjlg Joj:yf cflbsf] af/]sf klg pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . zf/bf ;'Aafsf] ozf]w/f gf6s @)^% ;fndf k|sflzt gf6s ozf]w/fdf gf6ssf/n] k|frLg sfnsL o'j/fh l;4fy{sL kTgL ozf]w/fsf] P]ltxfl;s hLjgsf] k'gn{]vg tyf k'gJof{Vof u/]/ To;nfO{ jt{dfg ;Gbe{df ljv08g u/]sf 5g\ . o; gf6sdf kf}/fl0fs / jt{dfg dfgj u/L b'j} y/L kfqsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . gf6sdf :g]xf, cgfldsf, o'jtL / ozf]w/f gf/L kfqsf] k|of]u b]lvG5 . gf/Lsf] l:yltn] k'gMkl/efiff vf]Hg] qmddf gf6ssf] k|wfg ljifo j:t' ozf]w/f / cgfldsfn] cl3 a9fpF5g\ . ozf]w/f kf}/fl0fs tyf :g]xf, o'jtL / cgfldsf jt{dfg ;dosf] kl/j]zaf6 l6lkPsf kfq x'g\ . h'g o'usf] kfq eP tfklg gf/Ln] ef]Ug' kg{] lgolt km]l/Psf] 5}g tL t ;do cg';f/ ¿k kl/jt{g dfq ePsf] 5 . gf6sdf /x]sf ;a} gf/L kfq cfcfˆgf cGtMkL8f af]s]/ lxF8]sf 5g\ . k|:t't gf6ssf] cf/Dedf kfqx?sf] lrgf/L lbOPsf] 5 . d~rsf] dWoefuaf6 vf]nf au]/ cfpF5 . vf]nfsf] l8ndf plePsL ozf]w/f cFhn ' Ln] kfgL p3fP/ lkpg vf]lH5g\ . w]/} k6s kfgL vfg] k|o| f; ul5{g\ . vf]nf] x]bf{xb] }{ ;'s/] hfG5 . ozf]w/f ;'ss ] f] vf]nflt/ bf}8/] hflG5g\ . d~rsf] k"jk{ 6\l6

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 40

k|1f–ultljlw

cgfldsdf / :g]xf sDo'6/df cl3 a;]/ s]xL kl9 /x]sf 5g\ . d~rsf] klZrdlt/ Ps j[4 k'?if k':ts kl9 /x]sf b]lvG5g\ -k[=@(_ eGg] gf6ssf] cf/Dedf gf6ssf/n] pNn]v u/]sf] o; lgb{z ] n] gf6\o k|:t'ltsf] k4ltsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . d~rsf] dWo efuaf6 vf]nf] au]/ cfpg] lgb{z ] n] k|:t'ltdf oyfy{ geO k|tLsfTds tyf k|of]ufTds kIfsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . ozf]w/fn] cFhn ' Ln] kfgL p3fP/ lkpg vf]Hg] ;Gbe{n] k|tLsfTds gf6\o k|:t'ltsf] af]w u/fpF5 . vf]nf] x]bf{xb] }{ ;'s/] hfg] / ozf]w/f vf]nf] ;'sl] t/ bf}8/] hfg] lgb{z ] n] gf6\o k|:t'ltdf k|tLsfTds k|:t'ltsf] af]w u/fpF5 ;fy} cleg]tfsf] clegosf] cj:yf ;d]t atfPsf] 5 . bf}8/] hfg' ljz]if cfª\lus clego cGtu{t kb{5 . o;n] zf/Ll/s ultsf ;fy;fy} To; cg'sn " efj ;Dk|i] f0fsf] dfu ub{5 . sDKo'6/sf] ;ª\st] n] k|:t'ltdf dlN6ldl8ofsf] gjLg k|of]u x'g' kg{] b]lvG5 . d~rsf] lz/df b/af/ b]lvG5 eGg] ;ª\st] n] k|tLsfTds gf6\o k|:t'lt z}nLsf] af]w ub{5 . d~rsf] klZrdlt/ Pp6f j[4 k'?if kl9 /x]sf] ;Gbe{n] Ps} ;fy d~rsf] x/]s efu cleg]tfx?sf] clegon] ultzLn aGg] cj:yf b]vfpF5 . of] ;kmn k|:t'lt xf] . b'j} xfF:5g\, cgfldsf P]gf x]//] lnlkl:6s nufpF5] . P]gf e'OdF f em5{ -k[=#)_ eGg] ;ª\st] n] k|:t'ltdf oyfy{ b[ZoaGwsf] l:ylt dfu u/]sf] 5 . cgfldsf :g]xfnfO{ tfg]/ nfG5], b'j} hgf d~raf6 aflxl/G5g\ . d~rsf] klZrdlt/ j[4 k'?if rndnfpF5g\ . r:df ldnfpFb} cfpF5g\ -k[=#)_ . gf6sdf lbPsf] o; lgb{z ] n] cleg]tfx?sf] clego Ps csf{af6 k|efljt aGg] cj:yfnfO{ JoSt u/]sf] 5 . cgfldsf :g]xfnfO{ tfg]/ d~raf6 aflxl/g] lgb{z ] n] tL kfqx?sf] zf/Ll/s ultnfO{ a'emfPsf] 5 eg] tL kfqx? d~raf6 aflxl/Pkl5 dfq j[4sf] clego ;lqmo x'g' kg{] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . Ps} ;dodf d~rsf] ljljw efudf cg]s cleg]tfx?sf] clego Ps} ;fy ultzLn ePdf ;a}lt/ bz{ssf] Wofg Ps} ;fy s]lGb|t x'g kfpFb}g . j[4 k'gM oyf:yfgdf uP/ d"lt{jt\ x'G5g\ -k[=#)_ j[4sf] clego ;s]kl5 j[4 d~rsf] oyf:yfgdf uP/ d"lt{jt\ ePkl5 dfq cGo kfqsf] k|jz ] x'G5 . ceo / cgfldsf d~rdf Ps} ;fy k|jz ] , d~rdf /ftf] /ª\u b]lvG5 -

k[=#!_ oxfF /ftf] /ª\usf] k|of]un] k|sfz Joj:yfnfO{ a'emfPsf] 5 . d~rdf k|of]u ul/g] k|sfz tyf Wjlg Joj:yf kfqsf] efj Pjd\ dgf]bzfnfO{ a'emfpg] k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . oxfF lgb{z ] ePsf] /ftf] /ª\un] k|d] cleJoSt u/]sf] 5 . d~rdf sfnf] /ª b]lvG5 -k[=#!_ . o;n] k|sfz Joj:yfdf ljz]if Wofg /fVg' kg{d] f ;hu u/fPsf] 5 . oxfF sfnf] /ªn] kfqx? lar /x]sf] 3[0ff, lt/:sf/, lg/fzf, :jfy{ / åGåsf] ¿knfO{ b]vfPsf] 5 . d~rdf ;]tf] /ª\u b]lvG5 -k[=#!_ ;]tf] /ªn] lg:jfy{ dfofnfO{ hgfpF5 . k|:t't gf6sdf k|of]u ePsf] k|sfzn] gf6sLo sYosf] sfo{ Jofkf/sf] cj:yf af]w u/fPsf] 5 . o;/L kfqsf] leqL dgf]bzfnfO{ ;hLj ¿kdf bz{s;fd' k|bz{g ug{ k|sfz Joj:yfsf] ;fxf/f lnOG5 . k|:t't gf6sdf gf6ssf/n] d~rsf] cj:yf, d~rLo ult, d~rLo k4lt, kfqsf] clegosf] cj:yf cflbsf] af/]df lgb{z ] lbPsf 5g\ . gf/LjfbL l;h{gf ozf]w/f gf6sdf ozf]w/f;Fu ;DalGwt k|:t'ltdf k|of]ufTds d~rLo k4ltsf] / jt{dfg ;dosf kfqx? h:t} ceo, cgfldsf cflb;Fu ;DalGwt k|:t'ltdf oyfy{ jf k|of]ufTds d~rLo k4ltsf] k|of]u x'g ;Sg] cj:yf gf6sLo lgb{z ] n] ;ª\st] u/]sf] 5 . o;df lgb{z ] ssf] kl/sNkgf g} k|wfg /xg] b]lvG5 . k|:t't gf6sdf k|sfz Joj:yfsf] ljz]if k|of]u x'g' kb{5 . k|sfzsf] ljljw /ª\unfO{ ljljw cy{ / efjdf k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . of] k|:t'ltsf] ljz]if / cfsif{s kIf xf] . xl/dfof e]6jfnsf] stfd/L gf6s xl/dfof e]6jfnsf] cfxfn -@)^(_ gf6s ;ª\u|xdf ;ª\slnt gf6s stfd/Ldf /fdfo0fsf kf}/fl0fs kfq tyf syf j:t'nfO{ ldysLo ¿kdf k|of]u ub{} ;d;fdlos kl/j]zsf ;fy k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . s6fd/Lsf] cy{ v]nf}gf xf] . o; gf6sdf gf/LnfO{ lkt[;QfTds ;dfhdf v]nf}gf;/L k|of]u ul/Psf] tYo k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . /fj0fn] ;LtfnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf] kf}/fl0fs kl/j]zaf6 gf6ssf] syf j:t' ultzLn ag]sf] 5 . gf6sdf kf}/fl0fs syf j:t'sf] ljlgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . k|:t't gf6ssf] cf/Dedf gf6ssf/n] d~rLo kl/j]z, d~rLo k4lt cflbsf af/]df lgb{z ] u/]sf

5g\ . kbf{ la:tf/} v'N5 . d~rdf xNsf cFWofl/Psf] 5 . g]kYoaf6 ;ª\uLtsf] dw'/f] cfjfh ;'lgG5 . ;ª\uLtsf] w'g;Fu} l;Fufl/PsL Ps o'jtL k|sfzsf] 3]/fleq cfsif{s g[To ug{ yfN5] . ;FuF } Ps o'js klg g[To ug{ yfN5 . g[To;Fu} pgLx? Ps csf{nfO{ cª\sdfn u/L pleG5g\ . k|sfz pgLx?sf] jl/kl/ 3'Dg yfN5 . w'g ablnG5 . dw'/f] k|sfzsf] ;]/f]km]/f]df o'js o'jtLaf6 5'6l\ 6G5 . o'jtLsf] cg'xf/df lj5f]8 kf]ltG5 . o'jsnfO{ /f]Sg vf]hs ] f] efj b]vfpF5] klg pm . t/ o'js 5'6l\ 6g} kg{] afWotf b]vfpFb} wg'sfF8 af]s/] 5]p nfU5 . hfFbfhfFb} pm o'jtLsf] jl/kl/ ] n] nId0f /]vf lvr]/ hfg EofpF5 -k[=&%_ . o; lgb{z k|:t'ltsf ;fy;fy} gf6sLo sYo klg ;fª\sl] ts ¿kdf cl3 a9\g] atfPsf] 5 . aGb /ª\ud~rdf k|:t't ul/g] lgb{z ] /x]sf] o; gf6sdf d~r cf/Dedf cFWof/f] /xg] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . k|sfzsf] cfudg;Fu} d~rdf kfqsf] clego ultzLn x'g] af]w u/fPsf] 5 . g]kYoaf6 lg:sg] ;ª\uLt;Fu} g[To x'g' kg{] cj:yf 5 . ;ª\UfLtsf] k|of]udf lgb{z ] ssf] ;f]rnfO{ :jtGqtf lbOPsf] 5 . g[To clegosf] ljz]if cj:yf xf] . o;df jflrs afx]s cGo ltg} k|sf/sf clegosf] ult cfjZos x'G5 . Wjlg Joj:yf;Fu} k|sfz Joj:yfsf] k|of]u x'g' kg{] b]lvG5 . k|sfzsf] 3]/fleq g[To ug{' eg]sf] bz{ssf] Wofg ToxL k|sfz ePsf] :yfgdf dfq s]lGb|t ug{' xf] . w'g abNg'n] gf6sLo sYodf kl/jt{gsf] l:yltnfO{ af]w u/fpFb5 . w'g abNg'sf] cj:yfdf lgb{z ] ssf] df}lns ;f]r cxd\ /xg] cj:yf lgb{z ] df /x]sf] 5 . ldng kl5 lj5f]8sf] efj b]vfpg' kg{] clego kfqx?sf] 5 . ldng / lj5f]8 oL ljk/Lt efjsf lqmof x'g\ . o:fnfO{ cleJoSt ug{ kfqx?n] k|:t'ltdf k[ys\tf b]vfpg' kg{] x'G5 . o:tf] l:yltdf g} cleg]tfn] cfˆgf] clego Ifdtfsf] k"0f{ k|:t'lt lbg ;Sb5 . wg'sfF8 / nId0f /]vf lvRg] clegon] oyfy{ jf k|tLsfTds b'j} d~rLo k4ltsf] k|of]u x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . of] lgb{z ] sdf g} e/ kb{5 . w'g kl/jt{g x'G5 . o'jtL k|tLIff / j]bgfsf] efjdf g[To ug{ yfN5] . gfRbfgfRb} pm nId0f/]vf kf/ ug{ k'U5] . Pp6f 5fofF cfP/ p;nfO{ ha/h:tL n}hfG5 . b[Zo kl/jt{g x'G5 . pxL o'jtL d~rsf] dWo efudf cfP/ yrSs a:5] . 56k6fpFb} ;Fs ' ;'s F fpF5] . d~rsf] csf{] efudf eJo JolStTjsf] /fj0f k|jz ] u5{ .

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 41

o'jtL cfF;' k'5b\ } qmf]wn] x]5]{ -k[=&%_ . k|:t't lgb{z ] df JoSt w'g kl/jt{gn] gf6sLo sYosf ;fy} cleg]tfsf]] clegodf klg kl/jt{g /xg] b]lvG5 . g[Todf ljljw efj k|:t't x'g ;S5 . oxfF :ki6 ¿kdf g[Todf k|tLIff / j]bgfsf] efj emNsg' kg{] clego cfjZos /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . s'g} 5fofF cfP/ o'jtLnfO{ ha/h:tL tfg]/ n}hfg] lgb{z ] n] 5fofFsf] k|of]udf lgb{z ] snfO{ :jtGq ;f]r nfu" x'g] kl/j]z agfO lbPsf] 5 . b[Z[ o kl/jt{g x'G5 eGg] ;ª\st] nfO{ lgb{z ] sn] k|sfz k|of]u u/L k|:t't ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf b]lvG5 . o'jtL d~rsf] dWo efudf cfP/ yrSs a:g] lqmofn] o'jtLsf] nfrf/L / lg/Lx cj:yfsf] clegosf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . 56k6fpFb} ;'s F ;'s F fpg] cj:yfn] klg o'jtLsf] clego ;ZfSt x'g' kg{] b]lvG5 . /fj0fsf] JolStTTj eJo x'g' kg{] lgb{z ] gf6sdf eP tfklg /fj0f e"ldsfnfO{ :ki6 bz{s;fd' k|:t't ug{df lgb{z ] ssf] ;f]r g} cxd\ /xG5 . qmf]wn] x]g'{ / cfF;' k'5g\ ' eGg] lgb{z ] n] o'jtLsf] cfª\lus / ;flTjs clegosf] ljz]if dfu ub{5 . lgb{z ] af6} gf6ssf/n] /fdfo0fsf] ;Ltfx/0fsf] kf}/fl0fs sYonfO{ ;ª\st] fTds tyf ;+lIfKt ¿kdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . ;Ltf jfl6sfsf] a;fOFdf nfdf] ;do al; ;s]kl5 3f]8fx?sf] 6fksf] cfjfh;Fu} /fd jfl6sfdf lelqG5g\ . pgsf] xftdf ;fdfGo t/af/ 5 . ;]tf] wf]tL k}/s ] f 5g\, sfFwdf ] n] ;Ltf wg'sfF0f le/]sf 5g\ -k[=&*_ . k|:t't lgb{z x/0f eP kZrft\ 36]sf 36gf k|:t't x'g] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . nfdf] ;do Joltt ePsf] s'/fnfO{ k|:t't ug{ lgb{z ] sn] cfˆgf] ;f]rn] d~rLo k4ltsf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sb5g\ . 3f]8fsf 6fkx?nfO{ k|:t't ug{ lgb{z ] sn] g]kYoLo efusf] k|of]u u/L Wjlg Joj:yfsf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;S5g\ . t/af/ / wg'sfF0fsf] k|:t'ltdf lgb{z ] sn] oyfy{ jf k|tLsfTds b'jd} Wo] s'g} Ps d~rLo k4ltsf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sb5g\ . /fdn] ;]tf] wf]tL nufPsf] lgb{z ] n] e]ife"iffsf] ;ª\st] u/]sf] 5 . o;afx]s lgb{z ] sn] /fd rl/qsf nflu cfjZos cGo klx/gsf] ;f]r /fVg ;Sb5g\ . ;Ltf ufnfel/ cfF;' aufpFb} /fdsf] cfFvfdf cfFvf h'wfpF l5g\ / 3[l0ft efjn] ] n] ;Ltf /fdnfO{ x]l5{g\ dfq -k[=&(_ . o; lgb{z /fd;Fusf] ldngdf cfFvf h'wfpg k'Ug] / km]l/ tTsfn} 3[0ffsf] efjdf k|:t't x'g' kg{] atfPsf] 5 . o;n] dfof / 3[0ff b'j} km/s efjo'St clegonfO{ b]vfpg'

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 42

k|1f–ultljlw

kg{] b]lvG5 . o;af6 ;Ltfsf] clego ljz]if x'g] l:yltsf] ;[h [ gf x'G5 . ;Ltf cfuf]leq pleP/ nuftf/ af]ln /xlG5g\ :qmLgdf lsg a'‰b}gg\ pgLx?, dlxnfsf] efjgf / ;dk{0fnfO{ . lwSsf5{' d cfh /fd / jflNdsLnfO{ / a|Xdf08sf ;sn k'?ifnfO{, hf] ] n] dlxnfsf] k|d] a'‰b}gg\=\ =====-k[=*)_ . k|:t't lgb{z k|:t'ltdf dlN6ldl8ofsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . ;Ltfsf] cGtd{gdf efjgfx? :qmLgdf n]lvP/ jf ;Ltfsf] jflrs clegosf ;fy k|:t't x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . of] cj:yf d~rgsf nflu klg lgb{z ] ssf] ;f]r g} dxTTjk"0f{ /xG5 . jL/ /;o'St o'4 ;ª\uLt aH5 . ;ª\uLt;Fu} dlxnfx?n] u/]sf] of]ubfg :qmLgdf b]lvG5 . lk7\odF' f aRrf af]s/] t/af/ rnfpFb} nl8 /x]sf],] k'?ifx?nfO{ sjr klx¥ofO lbO /x]sf] b[Zo ] df jL/ /;o'St qmdzM b]lvG5 -k[=*@_ . o; lgb{z o'4 ;ª\uLtnfO{ k|:t't ug{' kg{] atfPsf] 5 . lgb{z ] sn] g]kYosf] k|of]u u/L ;ª\uLtnfO{ k|:t't ug{ ;Sb5g\\ . ;ª\uLt;Fu} dlxnfx?sf] clegonfO{ :qmLgdf b]vfpg' kg{] ;ª\st] n] k|:t'ltdf dlN6ldl8ofsf] k|of]u x'g] atfPsf] 5 . dlxnfx?n] ljljw If]qdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgnfO{ b]vfpg] ;Gbe{df lgb{z ] snfO{ :jtGqtf lbOPsf] 5 . lk7\odF' f aRrf af]s/] t/af/ rnfpFb} u/]sf] / k'?ifnfO{ sjr klx¥ofO lbPsf] b[ZonfO{ d~rLo ¿kdf jf :qmLgdf k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 . ;ª\uLt PSsfl; aGb x'G5 . xfFl; /x]sf s7k'tnLx? ]{ n] ;ª\uLtnfO{ klg /f]lsG5g\ -k[=*#_ . o; lgb{z kfqsf] efj kl/jt{g x'g] l:yltnfO{ af]w u/fpg k|of]u ePsf] b]vfpF5 . xfFl; /x]sf s7k'tnLsf] ;ª\st] n] ;hLj s7k'tnLsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . oxfF lgb{z ] sn] s'g} kfqnfO{ s7k'tnLsf] e"ldsf lbg' kg{] x'G5 . o; l:yltdf lgb{z ] ssf] df}lns kl/sNkgf cxd\ b]lvG5 . o'jtL b'j} xft dfly prfn]/ bz{sx?s} af6f] eP/ aflxl/G5] . lg:sFb} ubf{ ToxfF ;]tf] sk8f v:b} cfpF5 / Tof] sk8fdf /utsf yf]Knf / 9fn 7fpF 7fpFdf 5l/Fb} cfpF5 . tL ;a} s'/fx?nfO{ 5f]8b\ } o'jtL aflxl/ ;S5] -k[=*%_ . gf6sdf /x]sf] o; lgb{z ] n] cfˆgf] clego ;s]kl5 g]kYodf hfg' kg{] k/Dk/fut gf6\o k|:t'ltnfO{ geO{ o'jtL bz{sx?s} af6f] eP/ bz{sbL3f{df /xg] gjLg k|:t'lt /xg' kg{] b]lvG5 . ;]tf] sk8fsf] k|o| f]u x'g' kg{] ;ª\st] lbPsf]] 5 . o;df /utsf yf]Knf / 9fn 7fpF 7fpFdf 5l/Fb}

hfg] eGg] ;Gbe{n] oyfy{ b[Zo ljwfgsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . ;]tf] sk8f ;[li6sf] ¿kdf JoSt ePsf] 5 . /utsf yf]Knfn] hLjg cyjf cl:tTjsf] af]w u/fpF5 eg] 9fnn] To;sf] lg/f]wnfO{ JoSt u/]sf] 5 . k|:t't gf6sdf kf}/fl0fs /fdfo0fsf] syfnfO{ ljlgdf{0f u/L cfw'lgs ;Gbe{df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . kf}/fl0fs syf j:t'nfO{ k[i7e"ld agfO jt{dfg ;dosf syf j:t'nfO{ To;sf] ;fk]Iftfdf /fv]/ gf6sLo sfo{Jofkf/sf] ljGof; ul/Psf sf/0f k|:t'ltdf oyfy{sf ;fy} k|of]ufTds d~rLo k4ltsf] k|of]u clgjfo{ b]lv|G5 . gf6ssf/n] gf6sdf lbPsf] lgb{z ] sLo ;ª\st] n] /fdfo0fsf] ;Ltfx/0fsf] syf j:t'nfO{ ;fª\sl] ts / ;+lIfKt ¿kdf k|:t't ug{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

ub{5g\ . gf6ssf/n] gf6\o /rgf eP kZrft\ gf6\o k|:t'ltsf] k[i7e"ld tof/ x'G5 . gf6ssf/sf] sNkgfzLntfn] hGd]sf] gf6\o /rgfnfO{ k|:t'ltsf dfWodaf6 bz{s;Dd n}hfg] sfo{ ug{] lgb{z ] sn] gf6snfO{ d~rdf k' g M ;[ h gf ug{ ] ePsfn] gf6ssf/n] gf6\o lgb{z ] lbg] qmddf lgb{z ] ssf] lgb{z ] sLo JolStTTjsf] k|s6Ls/0fnfO{ klg :yfg lbg' kb{5 . o;} KfIfaf6 lgb{]zssf] lgb{]zsLo JolStTTjsf] klxrfg x'G5 . aGb /ª\ud~rsf] k|:t'lt k4ltnfO{ cFufn]sf] pk/f]St ltg} gf6ssf lgb{z ] g kIf ;an / ;3g ¿kdf k|:t't ePsf] 5 . kfl/hftsf gf6sdf ;ª\slnt Ps hf]8L cGt/fn k"0ff{ª\sL gf6sdf gf6ssf/n] lbPsf] lgb{z ] n] oyfy{ b[Zo ljwfgsf] k|:t'lt k4ltsf ;fy;fy} k|of]ufTds k|:t'lt k4ltsf] klg dfu u/]sf] 5 . kfqsf] e]ife"iffsf af/]df :ki6 ;ª\st] lbOPsf] o; gf6sdf Wjlg Joj:yf, k|sfz Joj:yf, clegosf] cj:yf cflbsf] klg :ki6 hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . xl/dfof e]6jfnsf] cfxfn -@)^(_ gf6s ;ª\ux| df ;ª\slnt gf6s stfd/Ldf cf/Dedf lbPsf] nfdf] lgb{z ]{ n] d"s clegodfkm{t\ /fdfo0fsf] ;Ltfx/0fsf] syf j:t'nfO{ k|:t't ug{' kg{] 5 . gf/LjfbL l;h{gf ozf]w/f gf6sdf ozf]w/f;Fu ;DalGwt k|:t'ltdf k|of]ufTds d~rLo tyf oyfy{ d~rLo k4ltsf] k|of]u x'g ;Sg] cj:yf gf6sLo lgb{z ] n] ;ª\st] u/]sf] 5 .

lgisif{ gf6ssf ;}4flGts / /ª\u d~rLo u/L b'O{ cfofdx? x'G5g\ . syf j:t', rl/q, ;+jfb, jftfj/0f, pb\ b ] Z o, efiffz} n L cflb gf6ssf ;} 4 flGts cfofdx? x'g\ . oL tTTjn] gf6snfO{ kf7\o ¿k lbg] ub{5 . gf6ssf/sf] kl/sNkgfdf dl~rt eP/ hGdg] gf6sdf /ª\ud~rLo kIf klg /x]sf] x'G5 . of] kIf gf6sdf g/xg] xf] eg] gf6s s]jn ;kf6 ;+jfb h:tf] dfq aGg k'U5 . To:f}sf/0f gf6sdf lgb{z ] kIf dxTTjk"0f{ /xG5 . oxL lgb{z ] sf] ;xfotfsf ;fy} cfˆgf] kl/sNkgf ;d]tsf] k|of]uaf6 lgb{z ] sn] gf6snfO{ clGtd ¿k k|:t'lt;Ddsf] ofqf to ;Gbe{ u|Gy ;"rL

pkfWofo, s]zj k|;fb -@)^!_, g]kfnL gf6s / gf6ssf/, nlntk'/ M ;femf k|sfzg . l3ld/], s[i0fk|;fb -@)^$_, kfl/hftsf gf6ssf] ;dLIff, sLlt{k/' M lIflth k|sfzg . l3ld/], s[i0fk|;fb -@)^%_, kfl/hftsf gf6s, nlntk'/ M ;femf k|sfzg . n'O6]n, nLnf -@)^(_, g]kfnL dlxnf ;flxTosf/, sf7df8f}}F M u'~hg -gf/L ;+:yf_ . e]6jfn, xl/dfof -@)^(_, cfxfn, sf7df8f}F M k}/jL a'S; xfp; . ;'Aaf, zf/bf -@)^%_, ozf]w/f, sf7df8f}F M df]8{g a'S; . lqkf7L, ;'wf -@)^#_, …;flxTodf dlxnf n]vgsf] Oltxf;Ú, cl:ttf, -jif{ ! M !_ M #–$) . x+;/fh, /d]z -;g\ !((&_, gf6\o k|:t'lt M Ps kl/ro, lbNnL M /fwfs[i0f k|sfzg k|f=ln= . h}g, g]ldrGb| -;g\ !((^_, /ª\uk/Dk/f -bf]=;+=_, goL lbNnL M jf0fL k|sfzg . ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 43

web source: www.khasskhass.com

;dfnf]rgf

g]kfnL efiffsf] pGglt–lrGtfd} h;n] cfˆgf] hLjg ck{0f u¥of] 8f= uf]ljGb/fh e6\6/fO{ :ofDo'cn hf]g;gn] ;g\ !&%% df l8S;g/L ePkl5sf] j[If 7fGg' kb{5 . o;nfO{ eg{ ;lsg] ckm bL Oª\ln; Nofª\lUjh tof/ kf/]kl5 oL zAb l/Qf] efF8f] 7fGg' x'bF g} cyjf cfkm"nfO{ rfx]sf] cfsf/ lbg ldNg] df6fsf] 8Nnf] 7fGg' klg x'bF g} .Ú@ zAbsf]zn] n]v,] d cem} klg sf]z–lj1fgdf To;/L 8'as ] f] 5}g o;/L g} cy{sf] hLjgnfO{ pTt/hLljtf k|bfg h;n] ubf{ zAbx? o; w/tLsf k'qL x'g\ eGg] tYo ub{5g\ . zAbnfO{ lg/Gt/ afFlr /xg] cfo' lbG5g\ . clxn] g]kfndf k|rlnt sf]zx?df cy{sf] e'nf}F h;n] ubf{ j:t'x? :ju{sf k'q x'g\ eGg] tYo e'nf}F . efiff eGg' t lj1fgsf] Pp6f ;fwg dfq xf] pTt/hLljtfsf] lrGtf 5}g, zAb ;ª\sng / cy{ ' nIo 5, l/Qf at{g el/Psf dfq clg zAbx? ljrf/sf jfxs–;fwg afx]s s]xL lj:tf/ k|dv xf]Ogg\ tyflk d sfdgf ub{5–' oL ;fwg Tolt w]/} 5g\ . oL sf]zx? k|of]Stfs]Gb|L g} 5g\ . Pstf j[xt\ IfozLn gxf]pg\ / oL ;ª\st] x? To;/L g} l:y/ g]kfnL cª\u|]hL sf]z -@)^&_ df hgfOPsf] 5– o; xf]pg\ h;/L ltgLx?åf/f ;ª\s]ltt j:t' l:y/ låeflifs sf]zn] jt{dfg o'usf ljBfyL{, lzIfs, cg'jfbs, bf]efif], zf]wstf{, tyf cGo ljåfg\x?nfO{ x'G5g\ . ! sqf] bz{g 5– zAbsf]z;Fu cfhLjg /dfP/– ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] 5 . olt s'/f t k|:6} 5, :jod\ v]n/] zAbx?nfO{ hLjGt cl:tTjsf] ¿kdf l:jsfg]{ l;4 5 geg] klg x'G5 t/ o;df efiffsf] s:tf] l:yltdf k'Ubf zAbsf]z / hLjg ofqf b'j} k'/f k|sl[ tnfO{ Wofg lbOG5 eGg] s'/f ck|s6 5, st} ePsf lyP . w]/} sf]zsf/n] o:tf] lgolt ef]us ] f vf]lnPsf] 5}g . o;} u/L cGo sf]zsf/n] klg sf]z lgdf{0fsf] 5g\ . zAb / cy{sf] k|d ] df pgLx? afFlwPsf x'G5g\ . tfTko{ tfTsflns pkof]lutfnfO{ g} dfGg' ePsf] kl5 cfO= P= l/rf8{;n] klg eg]– Pp6f zAbn] xfd|f] dgdf s:tf] efj pTkGg u/fpF5 eGg] 5 . k|f= zª\s//fh kf7sn] cª\u|]hL g]kfnL j[xt\ s'/f zAbsf] Wjlgdf e/ k5{, cg'el" tn] el/Pkl5 zAbsf]if -@)^#_ df eg]sf 5g\– lzIfs, ljBfyL{, ltgn] gofF cy{x? pTkGg ub{5g\ . o;/L zAbdf cg'jfbs, cGj]ifs, cg';Gwfgstf{, snfsf/ tyf ]| L zAb, d'xfj/f, jfSof+z hLjg x'G5, k|sfz x'G5, hGd d[To' jf ¿kfGt/0f– ;fwf/0f s[ltnfO{ cª\uh ]| L zAb /rgfx?sf] g]kfnLdf cy{, r]tgf x'G5 eGg] ljZjf;df lj1x?n] zAbk|lt cfˆgf] Pjd\ cGo cª\uh efjfy{ , nfIfl0fs cy{ ;dflji6 ePsf] uxlsnf] hLjg ck{0f u/]sf x'G5g\ . cfO= P= l/rf8{;n] eg]sf 5g\, …xfdLn] zAbsf] cy{nfO{ Pp6f af]6 låefifL cª\u|]hL g]kfnL zAbsf]zsf] cfjZostf la?jfsf] ¿kdf lng' kb{5 cyjf a9]/ 7'nf] 7flgg' c:jefljs xf]Og .

1.

2.

I am not yet so lost in lexicography, as to forget that words are the daughters of the earth, and that things are the sons of heaven. Language is only the instrument of science, and words are but the signs of ideas : I wish, however, that the instruments might be less apt to decay, and that signs might be prmanent , like the things which they denote- Samuel Johnon We shell do better to think of a meaning as though it were plant that has grown- not a can that has been filled or a lump of clay that has been moulded (The Meaning of Life and Meaing of Words : I A Richards)

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 44

k|1f–ultljlw

To;}u/L Pstf slGk|x]l;j Oª\ln; g]kfnL l8S;g/L -;g\ @)!)_ n] eG5– of] zAbsf]z g]kfnL efiffk|lt cle?lr /fVg] g]kfnL efifL Pjd\ ljb]zLnfO{ w]/} pkof]uL xf]nf eGg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .# xfn k|sflzt k|1f g]kfnL cª\uh ]| L zAbsf]z -@)&)_ klg o:t} clt ;fdfGo tfTsflns pb\bZ] odf ;Lldt 5 . ToxfF elgPsf] 5– …o; sf]zaf6 g]kfnLefifLx?nfO{ cª\uh ]| L efiffsf] ;Lk j[l4 ug{ / cª\uh ]| LefifLnfO{ g]kfnLsf] 1fg a9fpg d2t ldNg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . of] zAbsf]z g]kfnLaf6 cª\uh ]| L / cª\uh ]| Laf6 g]kfnLdf cg'jfb ug{ klg pkof]uL x'g5 ] .Ú g]kfndf pknAw låeflifs sf]zn] o:t} pb\bZ] o /fv]sf 5g\, ;a}df tfTsflnstf / k|of]hgk/stf d'Vo pb\bZ] o /x]sf] 5 . k/Gt' ToxfF ;+nUg efiffsf] s] s:tf] ¿k 5, ltgsf] k|of]un] efiffsf] dfu{ s;/L lglZrt x'G5 eGg] s'/f] st} p7]sf] 5}g . ;+nUg efiffsf hLjgaf/] lrGtf g/fvL To; efiffnfO{ ;fw]/ To;sf] tfTsflns pkof]lutfsf] dfq pb\bZ] o /fVg' eg]sf] o;sf] pTt/hLljtfaf/] s'g} lrGtf g/fVg' h:t} xf], Ps kN6sf] km;n l6k]/ j[IfnfO{ ;bfsf nflu dfof dfg'{ h:t} xf] . zAbsf]zsf k|sl[ t cg]s 5g\— efiffcg';f/ Pseflifs, å}eflifs, q}eflifs, ax'eflifs cflb . ;Lldt cy{ af]ss ] f l;sf? sf]z, ljifo cg';f/sf sf]z, ;a}eGbf 7'nf, ljzfn ;s];Dd w]/} zAb / cy{ af]ss ] f n]lS;sg cyf{t\ j[xt\ zAbsf]z, lg306' . g]kfnLdf n]lS;sgsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5}g . cª\uh ]| Ldf cS:kmf]8{ Oª\ln; l8S;g/L gfds n]lS;sg tof/ ubf{ ;of}F ;fwsn] ! ;o #% jif{ sfo{ u/L ;g\ !((@ df @@ ef]No'ddf @@ xhf/ k[i7df ^ nfv zAb c6fPsf 5g\ . 5 lkm6sf] b/fhdf gc6fpg] cS:kmf]8s { f ef]No"dx? clxn] Pp6f l;8L /f]ddf pknAw 5 . t/ zAbsf]z gbL h:t} /x]5 hlt tn k'Uof] Tolt kfgL ylkFb} hfg]Ù slxNo} g;'Sg] j[If em}F emg\ emg\ emfª\lub} hfg] . o;sf] cflb–cGTo gx'g] Ps k|lj|mof dfq /x]5 . cfˆgf] jfª\doleqsf] ;Dk"0f{ 3.

4.

zAbsf] Oltxf;b]lv k|of]usf cg]s e]b b]vfpF5 o;n] . g]kfnL sf]z tyf Jofs/0fsf] :yfkgfdf ljb]zL ljåfg\sf] cu|0fL e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . o;af/] ;'sd ' zdf{n] lj:t[t cWoog ug'{ ePsf] 5 .$ ;a} cf/lDes sfnsf k|oTgn] /fNkm lnnL 6g{/sf] c sDk]c/]l6j\ P08 Ol6df]nf]lhsn l8S;g/L ckm lb g]kfnL Nofªu'Phdf cfP/ pTsif{tf k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . of] k|jfx O6g, 8ª\sg, ss{Kofl6«s, lu|o;{g Snfs{ x'bF } cfh;Dd cfO k'us ] f] 5 t/ o; ;DaGwdf g]kfnL cWo]tf ljåfg\x?sf] Ps dxTTjk"0f{ ljZn]if0f 5 . g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] Oltxf; p7fgnfO{ -s_ uf]/vfkqsf] k|sfzgk"j{sf], -v_ uf]/vfkq k|sfzgb]lv em/f{j] fbL cfGbf]ng;Ddsf], -u_ em/f{j] fbL cfGbf]ngb]lv jt{dfg sfn;Ddsf] u/L ltg v08df afFl8Psf] 5 . o;/L b'O{ ;o jif{sf] g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] Oltxf;nfO{ nufOPsf ltg v08dWo] Pp6fsf] cf/Destf{sf cu|0fL :jod\ afns[i0f u'? xfd|f] ;fd' x'g' hqf] 7'nf] uf}/j s] xf]nf Û cfh eGbf ;f7L jif{cl3 Ps cfGbf]ngsf] kl/sNkgf / g]tT[ j ug{' x'g] afns[i0f u'?sf] ;f]xL cfGbf]ngsf aLh s'/f kmnLe"t ePsf] k|df0f x]g{ xfdL oxfF e]nf ePsf 5f}F . k|:t't zAbsf]z pSt Oltxf;b]lvsf] Ps ;fIfL xf] . ;'?df Jofs/0f / sf]z -Unf];/L_ lgdf{0f ub{} ljb]zL ljåfg\ cl3 a9] . tLdWo] cu|0fLdf ;/ /fNkm lnnL 6g{/ Ps lyP . uf]vf{ /fOkmN;sf clkm;/ x'bF } ltg} uf]vf{nLsf] ;Dks{df /xFbf 6g{/df g]kfnL efiffk|lt h'g k|d ] a9\b} uof] To;n] pgnfO{ tfGb} uof] clg uf]vf{ kN6gb]lv bflh{lnª] kl/j]zdf cfP/ kl08t w/0fLw/ zdf{ sf]O/fnfsf] ;flGgWodf ^ dlxgf Joltt u/L of] sf]zsf] 6'ªu\ f] nufPsf lyP . oL @) xhf/ zAbsf] ;ª\sng, k|zf]wg / cª\uh |] L ;dfgfyL{ ldnfpFbf emG8} $) jif{ lat]sf lyP . t/ 6g{/sf] cfTdf, Åbo / jf0fLdf g]kfnL lyof], g]kfnL efiffsf] hLjGt :j¿ksf] pTt/ hLjgaf/] dfq

It is hoped that this dictionary will be useful for Nepali native speakers as well as foreigners who are interested in the Nepal language.

Foreign Scholrs and their Contribution to the Tradition of Writing Grammars; vol ; 7 No 1-2, 2012 Journel of Nepalese Literature, Art and Culture, Nepal Academy.

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 45

pgL lrlGtt lyP . To;}n] of] n]vfof] .

6g{/n] g]kfnL hflt / o;sf] af]nL ;Dem]/ cGTodf n]vs ] f zAb k9\bf xfd|f d'6' eSsflgg vf]H5g\ / cfFvf cfF;n ' ] el/G5g\ . a]nfotsf] ljzk :6f6{kmf]8d { f a;]/ ;g\ !(#) df pgn] n]v] M oL clGtdsf zAb n]Vg a:bf, d]/f] dg tkfO{x+ ?;Fu} k'us ] f] 5 . x] g]kfn b]zsf xl7nf / cgDo s[ifsx?, tkfO{x+ ? g} d]/f ldq x'g' x'GYof] . d km]l/ PskN6 tkfO{+x?sf] Tof] xfF;f] ;'G5', ToxL xfF;f]l;t tkfO{x+ ?n] x/]s sl7gfOsf] :jfut ug'{ eof] . km]l/ PskN6 d tkfO{x+ ?nfO{ oL k8fjx?df cyjf blGs /x]sf] cFu7] L jl/kl/ b]V5', tkfO{x+ ?nfO{ d}bfgdf dfr{ kf:6 ul/ /x]sf] cyjf 6]G« rleq ;'/lIft b]V5', slxn] em/Ldf cyjf lr;fn] 8;]/ sfDb}, slxn] cToGt lgb{oL 3fdsf] /fkn] 89\bÙ} s'g} s'/fn] g8uL tkfO{x+ ? ef]s / ltvf{ vKg' x'G5, 3fpx? ;xg' x'G5Ù cGTodf tkfO{x+ ?sf] c6n tfFtL o'4sf] w'jfF / uh{gleq x/fpF5 . x] jL/x?sf jL/ bofn'x? dWo]sf clt bofn', d}n] s'g} d'ns ' df tkfO{x+ ?eGbf % a9L ljZj;gLo ldqx? e]l6gF . o;/L g]kfnL hfltsf] dxfgtf ;Dem]/ cfˆgf] Åbo kufNb}, g]kfnL hfltsf] efiffsf]z lgdf{0fdf 6g{/ dxf]bon] hLjg Joltt ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ltg} cu|0fLaf/] cg';Gwfg u/L g]kfnL efiffdf 6g{/sf] of]ubfg -@)%(+_ n]v/] ;'sd ' zdf{n] :t'To sfd ug'{ ePsf] 5 . xfd|f ljåfg\ cg';Gwftf ;dIf d]/f] Ps ljgo cg'/f]w 5 ca To;}u/L g]kfnL efiffsf] pGgltdf k|f= afns[i0f kf]v/]nsf] of]ubfg n]Vg] lbg cfPsf] 5 . a]nfot uPsf] ;dodf ;+;b ejg kl/;/df :j0ff{If/n] cª\lst …x] jL/x?sf jL/ bofn'x? dWo]sf clt bofn', s'g} d'n'sdf tkfO{+x? eGbf a9L ljZj;gLo ldqx? e]l6gFÚ n]lvPsf] o:tf] Ps pRr :tDe b]v/] d]/f cfFvf xiff{>n ' ] leh]sf] lbg ;lDemG5' . of] ;a} efiffn], efiff k|]dn] u/fPsf] lyof], hflt 5.

k|]dn] u/fPsf] lyof] . ;j{ k|yd Åbodf o;/L hfltk|d ] rflxg] /x]5, To;}n] efiffk|d ] e/]/ sf]z jf Oltxf; lgdf{0flt/ nufpg] /x]5 . k|fWofks afns[i0f kf]v/]nsf] Åbodf 6g{/sf] h:t} g]kfnL hfltk|d ] / ltgsf] efiffk|d ] pDn]/ cfPs}n] cfˆgf] ;Dk"0f{ hLjg ltg} kj{t cf/f]x0fdf ;dlk{t ug'{ eof] . c¿ /fdrGb| 9'ªu\ fgf, rj|mkfl0f rfln;], k'is/ zdz]/, /fNkm lnnL 6g{/, dxfgGb ;fksf]6fh:tf k|yd cf/f]xLk|lt lz/ lgx'/fpFb} pxfFn] of] sd{ ;DkGg ug{' ePsf] 5 . k|fWofks kf]v/]nsf] kfFr ;o jif{n] g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ctLtnfO{ Ao'e F mfP/ xfd|f ;fd' /flv lbG5 . pxfFsf hLjgsf] k"jf{wn { ] ToxfF l;l4 k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . To;kl5 rf/ bzssf] tk:ofn] g]kfnL hflts} vf]hL cGj]if0fdf Oltxf;k"js { f] w"ldn s'lx/fn] 5f]ks ] f] k[i7;Ddsf] pb\3f6g ub{5, Tof] xf] hLjgsf] pTt/fw{ nfu]kl5 ;DkGg ePsf] v; hfltsf] Oltxf; -@)%%_ . o; dxfg\ pknlAwaf6 pxfFn] cfsfª\Iff /fVg' ePsf] 5– v; hfltsf] ujfIfaf6} ;f/f dg'iosf] bz{g ug]{ c7f]6tkm{ d Psf]xf]l/PF . ptf ;flxTo ;h{ssf] ¿kdf syf, pkGof;, sfJo / cAan lgaGwsf ;|i6f afns[i0f u'?sf] Pp6f JolStTj /fli6«o prfOdf :yflkt 5, k]ml/ csf]{ JolStTjn] ;dfgfGt/ p7\b,} k|lt:kwf{ ub}{ af}l4s k|fl1s r'r/' f] lgdf{0f ub{5 . oL ;|i6f clg af}l4s k|fl1s afns[i0fx? Ps csf{ lar slxNo} e]6 gx'g] k|lt:kwL{ JolStTj x'g\ . ;a}nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] pxL @$ 3G6f ;do sqf] Tofu, tk:of / sqf] lgi7fn] s;/L hf]ufP/ lgrf]//] nufpg' eof] xf]nf, Tof] s'/f v; hfltsf] Oltxf;leq k9\bf xfdL w]/n } fO{ xfd|f] hLjg Joy{df ;dfKt ePsf] h:tf] Unflg x'G5 . ToxfF o;/L Åbo vf]Ng' ePsf] 5– vf; ljGb'df Psf]xf]l/P/ ul/g] lrGtg klg Ps k|sf/sf] nt jf lg:;f g} x'bF f] /x]5 . k'?af6

As I write these last words, my thoughts return to you who were my comrades, the stubborn and indomitable peasants of Nepal. Once more I hear the laughter with which you greeted hardship.

Once more I see in your bivouacs or about your fires, on forced march or in the trenches, now shivering with wet and cold, now scorched by a pitiless and burning sun. Uncomplaining, you endure hunger and thirst and wounds; and at last your unwavering lines disappear into the smoke and wrath of battle.Bravest of the brave, most generous of the generous, never had any country more faithful friends than you. (Preface ix)

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 46

k|1f–ultljlw

a}; F ;fk6 kfPkl5 /fhf oofltnfO{ b]jofgLafx]s c¿ s]xL grflxP em}F vf; lrGtg If]q kfPkl5 dfG5] ToxL ljifodf nDk6 x'bF f] /x]5 . d}n] klg To:t} vf; 9ksf] ljifonDk6 x'g' k¥of] of] lstfk n]lv ;Sg . xb eGbf w]/ c;f+;fl/s eP/ d]/f] ¿kfjf;L Ps cgf}7f] u'kmfjf;L eof] o;nfO{ gt'/L g5f]8g\ . gft]bf/ / ldqhgx?af6 d 6fl9Fb} uPF / /dfOnf af}l4s / j}rfl/s cfbfg–k|bfgaf6 jl~rt x'bF } uPF . d]/f] ;[hgzLn lzNkL hLljt}df lghL{j 7flgg nfUof] . slt k9]F eGg dnfO{ ;fx|f] knf{ t/ hlt k9]F To;sf] w]/} u'gf a];L rflxF ;f]rF] . kl/0ffd :j¿k dnfO{ ljZjf; nfUof], zAb a|Xd egL ;';fpg] xfd|f dgLifLx? cIf/zM ;fFrf /x]5g\ / PsPs zAb ;fFRr}df cy–Oltleq gc6fpg] ;Qf /x]5g\ . b]jsf]6fn] To;} sf/0f eg]sf /x]5g\– efiffdf gc6fpg] slt s'/f 5g\ 5ftLsf kLFwdf . -v; hfltsf] Oltxf;leq, e"ldsf M @$_ oxL s'/f kf]v/]nsf] j[xt\ g]kfnL cª\uh ]| L sf]zsf] lgdf{0fdf klg nfu' x'G5, ToxfF klg pxL zAb / jfSodf 8'Ag] s'/f lyof] . of] pxfFsf] cfhLjg tk:of / lgi7fsf] kl/0ffd xf] . %^ jif{cl3 pTkGg ePsf] zAbsf]z lgdf{0f ug{] cfsfª\Iffsf] aLh o;df k'likt– kNnljt 5 . of] s'g} nx8n], ;Lldt pb\bZ] on] em§ pTkGg ePsf] cfj]u lyPg . of] tf g]kfnL hfltnfO{ dfly p7fpg] g]kfnL efiffsf] :j¿kdflysf] lrGtf lyof] . slt ljåfg\nfO{ crfgs :k'm/0f eO To;nfO{ ;fsf/ ¿k lbg vf]Hbf zAbsf]z cfPsf 5g\, oyf k|f= zª\s//fh kf7sn] eGg' ePsf] 5, …lj=;+= @)%$ ;fndf bfª lhNnf leFmuf}/fl:yt :ju{åf/L cf>ddf ;fw';Gt, lzIfs, ;dfh;]jL tyf kqsf/ ldqx?;Fu s'/fsfgL ubf{ cª\u|]hL g]kfnL zAbsf]z n]v]/ /fi6«efiff g]kfnLnfO{ ;]jf k'¥ofpg] wf/0ff d]/f] dgdf PSsfl; cfof] .Ú To;sf ljk/Lt k|f= kf]v/]nn] efifflj1fgdf pRr lzIff u|x0f u/]kl5 pxfFsf] ?lrsf] dfu{ /f]Hg] csf]{ af}l4s k|fl1s JolStTj ;bf ct[Kt eO x'ls{ /x]sf] lyof] . Tof] p7]sf] %^ jif{ eof] egL 89]nf]af6 k|df0f k|:t't ug{' ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] dgdf slxn] Ps c;n pb\bZ] o hlGdG5, To;nfO{ slt jif{;Dd lk5f u5f},+{ Tof] ;lDem x]/f},F xfdL tTsfn To;af6 r'S5f},F lj/t x'G5f}F t/ afns[i0f u'?df Ps pb\bZ] ok|lt c6n /xg ;Sg] ;fwgf / cfF6n]

ToxL dgf]lj1fgn] of] c;Dej nfUg] sfo{ k'/f ug]{ cfF6 lbnfof] . xfd|f] lgldQ of] 7'nf] lzIff xf] . k|fWofks kf]v/]nn] k|:t't sf]z lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostfaf/] ltg j6f clgjfo{ st{Josf] pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] 5 . klxnf] xf], g]kfnL efiffsf] :t/Ls/0f . o;/L g]kfnL hfltsf] k|d ] n] / g]kfnL efiffsf] pGgltsf] dfofn] of] agfpg pxfFnfO{ clek|l] /t u¥of] . d}n] rrf{ u/]sf cGo s'g} -å|e }| flifs_ sf]zn] efiffsf] ljlzi6 pb\bZ] onfO{ dggLo a'bF f agfPsf 5}gg\ . ;fdfGo pb\bZ] odf oL ;Lldt 5g\ .

To;dfly oxfF å}eflifs sf]zsf] rrf{ ubf{ s;/L :t/Ls/0fsf] s'/f cfof] eGg] nfUg ;S5 . g/]Gb|dl0f cfrfo{ bLlIftn] krf; jif{ eGbf a9L nufP/ tof/ kfg{' ePsf] cª\uh ]| L g]kfnL ;femf ;+lIfKt zAbsf]z -@)$$_ df eg] g]kfnL efiffk|ltsf] ulx/f] k|d] b]vfpg' ePsf] 5 . t/ o;df k|fWofks kf]v/]nn] g]kfnL efiffsf] :t/Ls/0fsf lgldQ c¿ ltg j6f k"j{ ;t{ cfjZos ePsf] s'/f b]vfpg' ePsf] 5, h;df 5g\ b'O{ j6f afXo ;t{ / Pp6f cfGtl/s . b'O{ j6f afXo ;t{ clgjfo{ tTTj x'g–\ cª\uh ]| L efiff / ;+:s[t efiff clg t];|f] tTTj xf] v; af]nL . zAbfGt/df eGg' kbf{ cª\uh ]| L, ;+:s[t / v; af]nL 7'nf / bx|f, yfª\uf| x'g\ 6]l« n; ;kf]6,{ tL yfª\u|fdf ;dft]/ c8]]l;P/–a]l/P/ g]kfnL efiff r9\5, e'OF 5f]8]/ dfly p7\t} a9\5 . efiffsf] o:tf] hLjGt ¿ksf] kl/sNkgf / of] r9\g a9\g rflxg] yfª\uf| ;kf]6s { f] af/]df s;}n] ;f]r–] eg]sf] ;'gs ] f] 5}g . g/]Gb|dl0f cfrfo{ bLlIftsf] cª\uh ]| L–g]kfnL ;femf ;+lIfKt zAbsf]zdf afx]s clxn]sf sf]zn] g ;+:s[tnfO{ ;Dem]sf 5g\ g cª\uh ]| LnfO{ . ltgLx? t clwsf+z zAb vf]hL ltgsf] cy{ lbgdf cfˆgf] ;kmntf 7fGb5g\ . zAbsf]z ljj|mLsf] klxnf] k"jf{wf/ x'G5 zAb ;ª\Vof t/ oL efiff -cª\uh ]| L / ;+:s[t_ nfO{ o; sf/0fn] xfdLn] ;dfg k|d ] u/f},F cFufnf}F s;}n] eg]sf 5}gg\ . pgLx?sf] Psf]xf]/f] la:tf/ -zAbv]n_ dnfO{ clxn]sf] t/fO{df 3/38]/L hUuf Knl6ªsf] Jofkf/ xf]8 h:tf] nfU5 . ;+:s[tsf] k|of]uaf/]df t >4]o u'? dxfgGb ;fksf]6fn] g} o;/L k|:6 lgb]z { g lbg' ePsf] 5, g]kfnL efiff ;+:s[td"ns ePsf] x'gfn] To; -g]kfnL efiffdf ;+:s[tsf] :yfg_ af/]sf] k|Zgsf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 47

Joy{tf cfkm}F l;4 x'g cfpF5 . ;+:s[t zAb tf xfdLn] cfˆgftkm{af6 pTt/flwsf/df kfPsf xf}F .

-g]kfnL zAb kl/ro M P; u|Gysf ;DaGwdf_ . g/]Gb|dl0f cfbLsf] klg oxL dt 5– ;+:s[t xfd|f] efiff / ;+:+ s[ltsf] d"n h/f xf] . -bf];f| ] ;+:s/0fsf] e"ldsf_ otf afns[i0f u'?sf] egfO clnslt leGg 5 M g]kfnL cyf{t\ v; efiff ;+:s[taf6 l;w} cjtl/t xf]Og, P]ltxfl;s efifflj1fgn] eG5– of] k'/fgf] v;af6 cfPsf] xf] . d of] s'/f ljZjf; ug{ tTk/ 5' . k/Gt' d}n] of] :jLsf/ ug'{ kb{5, ;+:s[tsf] ;xfotf a]u/ g]kfnL /fd|/L kglkg, kmNg km'Ng ;St}g . To; sf/0f eflifs :t/Ls/0fsf] lgldQ ;+:s[tsf] ;xof]u cem ckl/xfo{ 5 . t/ g]kfnL efiffsf] k|f0fjfo' t v; Go'lSnc; g} xf] eGbfx'FbL pxfFn] krf;f}F jif{sf] cWoog– cg';Gwfgsf] lgrf]8 kl/0ffd v; efiffsf] Jo'TklQ / JoflKteGbf aflx/ hfg] 7fpF 5}g . v; hfltsf] Oltxf;n] g} k|fWofks kf]v/]nnfO{ g]kfnL efiffsf] k|fdl0fstfaf/] c¿n] geg]sf, eGg g;Sg] s'/f lgeL{stfk"js { /fVg ;Dalnt u/fPsf] 5 . s:tf] cGt{Åboaf6 sqf] cfTdljZjf; / b[9tfn] of] zlSt k|fKt 5– xfdL …s[tnf]sLoÚ jf0fL k|of]u ub{5fF+} . pxfFn] k|:6 /fVg' ePsf] 5– g]kfnL efiffsf] :t/Ls/0fsf lgldQ csf]{ ;xfos tTTj xf] em/f]{ zAb jf em/f]{ efiff . ;f7L jif{cl3 pxfFx?n] :yfkgf u/]sf] em/f]j{ fbL cfGbf]ngsf] dxTTj cfh cem} a9]sf] b]lvG5 . ljZjsf slt cGo efiffdf klg o:tf] em/f{] cfGbf]ng hGd]sf] 5 . cª\uh ]| L efiffdf ;qfF–} c7f/fF}F ztfAbLdf eflifs z'4tf -lnª\lUjl:6s Ko'l/hd\_sf] cfGbf]ng rNof] . To;n] ljb]zL zAb k|of]u ug's { f] ;§f :yfgLo, b]zh …Pª\nf] :ofS;gÚ zAb k|of]u u/f}F eGof], ;Dk"0f{ hDof{lgs d"nsf zAb k|of]u u/f}F eGof] . Nofl6g jf lu|s pTklQsf zf:qLo zAbsf] ;§f :yfgLodf …hf}FÚ eGof] . geGb} o;n] cª\uh ]| L efiffsf] Jofks :t/f]Gglt klg eof] . k|mfG;]nLsf] efj To:t} 5, hfg]/ klg el/;Ss] cª\uh ]| Ldf d'v vf]Nb}gg\ . k|fWofks kf]v/]nsf] …em/f{Ú] k|of]u Tof]eGbf cem zlStzfnL /x]sf] 5 lsgeg] otf xfd|f] eflifs z'4tf cfGbf]ng s]xL km/s 5, o;n] klg g]kfnLkgnfO{ Jofks k|jz ] –dfGotf lbcf}F

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 48

k|1f–ultljlw

eG5 t/ u'?n] /fVg' ePs} 5— ;+:s[t l:jsfb},{ v; d"n l:jsfb}{ g]kfnL hglha|f] klg cFufnf}F . of] lqkIfLo ;Demf}tf xf], ;a}sf] ldng laGb'df e]6 x'g] . efiff–jfª\dosf] ljifodf o:tf], olt ulx/f], of] ;dGjojfbL k|:tfj slxNo} s;}af6 cfPg xf]nf . of] pxfFsf] kf}g] ztfAbL nfdf] Wofg / tk:ofn] lbPsf] cGtb[l{ i6 xf] . o;df efj'stf n]; dfq 5}g, oxL g} Ps oyfy{tf xf] . of] g]kfnL efiffsf] eljio dfu{ xf] .em/f]j{ fbL dfGotfn] hGdfPsf zAb b]Vbf dnfO{ slxn] xfF;f] p7\5 / xif{ klg nfUb5, c;xdltg' , pNYofpg' , v' n l:tg' , ckjflbg' , tfp/dfpl/g', cf}krfl/g', hfFul/g' o:tf] k|of]udf ;a} Psdt x'g] xf] eg] g]kfnL efiffsf] zlSt a9]/ Ps} rf]l6 slt dfly k'UYof] xf]nf Û …cf}krfl/s ¿kn] k|:tt' ug'{ jf x'gÚ' eGg] cy{nfO{ …cf}krfl/g'Ú eGg] lalQs} ljz]if0fn] lj|mofkbsf] zlSt u|x0f u/]kl5 o;n] ax'ul' 0ft x'g] clwsf/ kfpFYof], ;+:s[t efiffdf o:t} zlSt ePsfn] ubf{ c¿n] o;nfO{ e]6g\ g;s]sf lyP . ToxfF …b'd | fot]Ú eGg] lalQs} j[If sxnfpF5 eGg] cy{ cfpF5 . t/ xfd|fdf Ps dt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g, ;+:s[t / cª\u|]hLkIfLo efiffzf:qLaLrsf] dtdtfGt/n] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ 7'nf] xflg u/]sf] 5 . ca xfd|f] cfˆg} df]8n ] rflxG5 . tL b'j} zlStsf] ;d'lrt k|of]u u/]/ dfq eflifs :t/Ls/0f ;Dej 5— of] xfdL g]kfnL efiff ;f]Rg] ;f/fsf nflu Ps dxTTjk"0f{ dfu{ lgb]z { xf] . xfdLnfO{ lbNnL a|fG8, snsQf a|fG8, d'DaO{ a|fG8 eflifs gLlt clt xflgsf/s x'G5— xfdLnfO{ cfˆg} a|fG8 rflxG5 . jf:tjdf j[xt\ g]kfnL cª\uh ]| L–g]kfnL zAbsf]zn] Pp6f csf6\o g]kfnL a|fG8 :yflkt u/]sf] 5, o;sf] cg';/0f u/f}F . ;ª\If]kdf oxfF n]vss} zAb;f/ k|:t't ug{ rfxG5'— oltv]/ cª\uh ]| LnfO{ dfks b08 -d]hl/ª /8_ dfGg' k5{, o;n] g]kfnLsf] :t/Ls/0fdf 7'nf] d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 . pTt/sf] t'Gb|fb]lv tnsf] dw];;Dd km}n]sf] g]kfnLsf] eflifs e"uf]n / P]ltxfl;s lj:tf/sf] cWoog ePsf] 5}g t/ lxhf] lu|o;{g ;d]tsf ljåfg\n] blIf0f Pl;ofsf !! dxfg\ efiffdWo] Psdf ug]sf] g]kfnLsf] e"uf]n Oltxf; / jt{dfg ;fgf] 5}g . oxL ljzfntfsf] efjgfn] Åbo 9fs]sf jif{x?df o; j[xt\ sf]zsf] lgdf{0f ePsf]

xf] . o;sf] lgdf{0f u/fpg] cg]s tTTjsf] ljifodf >LdtL lqk'/f v/]n nufotsf rf/ hgf ;xfos ;Dkfbssf] cleJolSt slt cnª\st[ jf0fLdf k|:t't 5 Û d} n ] ;Dkfbs, ;xfos ;Dkfbs b' j } s f cleJolStsf] cª\uh ]| L e;{gsf] k|of]u u/]sf] 5' . ca Ps l5g zAbsf]zlt/ kmls{G5' . Ps k|of]Stf eO d}n] o;sf] cWoog u/]–F ;ft lbgdf slt klg ;lsPg k/Gt' To;kl5 d Ps lg0f{odf k'us ] f] 5'– g]kfndf o;;Fu t'ngLo cGo zAbsf]z 5}gg\ . o;n] cjnDag u/]sf] eflifs :t/Ls/0fsf] s'/fn] g} ;a} k|of]Stf k|efljt, pT;flxt / cfglGbt x'g] 5g\ / g]kfnL efiffnfO{ lj:tf/ Pjd\ Jofks agfpg ;lsg] em/f{] s8L–;'q k|of]u ug{] 5g\ . låeflifs sf]z k|of]Stfsf lgldQ of] Ps pTtd u|Gy xf], o;l;t c¿ t'ngLo sf]z 5}g . sf/0f o;df …sf]rÚsf] :yfg k|fKt ePsf] cª\uh ]| L efiffsf] :t/Lo, ;d:t/Lo ¿k k|oS' t 5 . To;} sf/0fn] g]kfnL af}l4sb]lv ;fdfGo k|of]Stfn] casf] g]kfnL efiffk|lt xfd|f] b[li6sf]0f s] s:tf] x'g' k5{ eGg] s'/f a'emL ;r]ttf;fy cl3 a9\g o; zAbsf]zsf] 7'nf] of]ubfg /xg]5 . ltg j6} ;|ft] af6 r'lgPsf b[i6fGtn] of] sf]z cnª\ s [ t 5 . of] …pRrfª\ u fl:yÚ, …sIfjtL{ Ú , …sIf;fhsÚ, …pRrfg'RrÚ, …sª\sfnjt\Ú h:tf tT;d zAbn] el/Psf] 5, o:tf zAbn] efiffsf] :t/Lo pRr / cf}krfl/s k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{5 . …s6'cg'ejÚ, …s6';ToÚ, …s7f]/j0f{Ú, …skfnsf]g'{Ú, …sld;gvfg'Ú h:tf zAb o'UdnfO{ hf]8/] s;/L snf]sz ] gdf hfFbf Psn cy{ lbG5g\ eGg] cglulGt pbfx/0f k|:t't 5g\– To;}n] tL Psn k|ljli6sf ¿kdf :yflkt 5g\ . ltgn] g]kfnL efiff–;+:s[ltdf n'ss ] f] ;'Id ;'Gb/tf k|:t't ub{5g\, Psn zAbdf Tof] cy{ x'bF g} , k|of]Stfn] yfxf kfpFbg} . cª\uh ]| L klg :t/Lo, ;"Id e]b;Fusf] / ;d:t/Lo prfOsf] 5. …pª\sf/LÚ h:tf g]kfnL h/faf6 knfPsf zAb, …plRrg'Ú, …sIff]Ggfpg'Ú, …sl6al4g'Ú h:tf ;+:s[t / em/f]{ efiffsf l7dfxfx? t slt xf] slt xiff{ge ' j u/fpg], /dfOnf / ljz]if zlSt ePsf, cGo ¿kdf kl/jt{g x'g ;Sg] 5g\, o;/L l:y/ ePsf zAbnfO{ klg ax'ul' 0ft kfg]{ zlStaf/] of] zAbsf]zn] sqf]

bz{g / b[i6fGt k|:t't ub{5– o;f] gu/L xfd|f] efiffn] gjhLjg k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] 5}g . of] g} rD:sLn] eg]sf] efiffdf cGtlg{lxt …pTkfbs zlStÚ -h]g/] l] 6e kfj/_ sf] Pp6f ¿k xf] . o;leq lsl~rt\ c;fjwfgLn] ubf{ stfslt em'SofPsf] klg b]lvPnf t/ sf]zsd{nfO{ af}l4sx?n] ug]{ ;a}eGbf sl7g, slxNo} g5'6g\ ,] c;fWo sd{ 7fGb5g\ . o;nfO{ Ps k|sf/sf] ;hfo klg dfGb5g\ . Åbodf Ps efj's ;|i6fnfO{ sf/fjf;df /fv]/ :jod\ rflxF efiffsf] sf/fjf;df k;L hLjg JotLt ug]{ k|fWofks kf]v/]nsf] o; ct'ngLo sd{df d s'g} q'l6 b]lVtg . eP tL xfd|f klg x'g,\ emf/ knfpFb} ub{5, pv]Nb} u/f}n F f . a? oltv]/ lj/f6gu/sf csf{ tk:jL dxfgGb ;fksf]6fsf] g]kfnL zAb kl/roaf6 oL zAb ;fef/ ub{5–' …k|yd sfd ug]{ dfG5]x?n] u'?3/ kfpFb}g . p;sf] ;xf/f s]jn ;fx; x'G5 . ;fx;Ln] la/fpg ;St5 cyjf p;n] ;fx; u/]/ b]vfPsf s'/f k/Dk/f cg';f/ gx'bF f la/fd 7xl/g' klg ;Dej 5 . ;don] ;fy lbPdf csf{] ;+zf]wg c´ /x/nfUbf] kfg]{ afrf / ePsf la/fddf lz/ lgx'/fpg' afx]s n]vsl;t c¿ s] 5 / <Ú -o; u|Gysf ljifodf_ . cl3 -g]kfn /fhsLo_ k|1f k|lti7fgaf6 k|fWofks afns[i0f kf]v/]ns} lgb]z { sTjdf lgld{t g]kfnL j[xt\ zAbsf]z ltg bzs;Dd ;jf{lws rn]sf] xf], of] lglj{sNk lyof] . otf cfP/ ljsNkdf pbfPsf s]xL sf]zsf/n] To;df q'l6 b]vfO{ ;'wf/ ug]{ j|mddf g]kfnL efiffsf] 7'nf] x'dt{ lnPsf 5g\ . kf7\oj|md, kf7\o k':ts cflbsf k|jz ] åf/df pleP/ c¿sf] dfu{ cj/f]w ub{} Psflwsf/ k|fKt u/L To;dfkm{t efiffsf] dfGo k|rlnt :yflkt ¿knfO{ anft\ cdfGo u/fOPsf]n] tL sd{kl| t xfd|f] clnslt klg ;dy{g g/x]sf] s'/f cfh bf]xf]¥ofpF5' . zlSt / ;Qfsf] ann] xfd|f c;xdltsf :j/x?nfO{ clxn] dlng u/fOP klg o;k|lt xfd|f] u'gf;f] / lrGtfsf] slxNo} cGTo x'g] 5}g . g]s;'ns ] f] 9f8df x:tfIf/ ug{x] ?n] ;Demf}tf u/]/ r'k nfu]sf xf]Ogg\ . g]kfnL efiffsf] :t/Ls/0fsf] k|oTg vl08t ePsf] 5 . efiff clwsf+z dfqfdf dgf]lj1fg xf], of] sbflk lj1fg xf]Og . lu|;n ] Lb]lvsf Pgfnf]lh / Pgf]Dofln -;fDotf / ckjfb_ ;w}F /lx /xg] 5g\ . ljgf cfwf/

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 49

g]kfnL pRrf/0f / lxHh]df s]xL slNkt s'/fnfO{ :yflkt ug{ vf]h/] :yflkt eO ;s]sf] g]kfnLnfO{ cl:y/ u/fOPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ j}1flgs agfpg] k|oTgdf cem w]/} ckjfb lelqPsf 5g\ / l:y/ x'g nfu]sf] g]kfnL efiff vnalnPsf], lrl/Psf] 5 . o; k|oTgn] cª\uh ]| L nufotsf cGo cfuGt's efiffk|lt hah{:tL clwgfostf rnfPsf] 5, g]kfnL efiff xhf/f}F k|of]Stf, cWo]tf, jQmfsf] ;femf ;DklQ eP klg ;+:s[tsf] cfFvfn] hut\ x]g{] s]xL ljåfg\n] o;sf] ;femf dd{nfO{ ;dfKt kf/L Psnf}6L agfPsf 5g\ . o; Psflwsf/L k|oTgsf lj?4df lj/f]wsf :j/x? lg/Gt/ 5g\ . xfn} k|sflzt r"8fdl0f uf}tdsf] …g]kfnL zAbsf] b'bz { f M k'mnsf] dfnf Sof dHhfÚdf JoSt ePsf] Joª\Uo / kL8f ;fgf] 5}g . :jod\ k|fWofks kf]v/n]nsf] dgdf s] xf]nf eGg] xfdLnfO{ lyof] t/ gofF zlStn] pxfFkl| t u/]sf] cgf:yf / pk]Iffaf6sf] kl/0ffd oL zAbdf k9]/ a'emf}–F …labf x'gk' j" { lxHh] -lxHHof}gL_ sf ;DaGwdf n]vsx? dWo] Ps y/L lxHh]sf / dfq z'4 csf{ y/L lxHh]sf/ rflxF hDd} TofHo eGg] cg'bf/ / Psflwsf/jfbL k|of]Stfx?n] ev{/} …ljsf;Úsf] gfddf rfn]sf] ljgfzsf/L sfo{sf lj?4 g]kfnL efiff k|of]ustf{ ;d"x -g]efk|;—@)^(_ n] yfn]sf] pbf/ gLltn] Hofb} ;/fxgLo sfd u/]sf]df d k|;Gg 5' eGg] s'/f] klg d JoSt ug{ rfxG5Ú' -kf]v/]nsf] j[xt\ g]kfnL– cª\uh ]| L–g]kfnL sf]z M ;DkfbsLo_ . ca cfzf / ljZjf; b'j} 5, k|fWofks kf]v/]nsf] o; sf]zn] k'ghf{u[lt Nofpg] 5 / eTsfOPsf] g] k fnL efiffsf] ¿knfO{ k" j { j t\

oyf:yfgdf ;;Ddfg :yflkt ug]{5 . ;u/dfyf eGbf cUnf] pxfF h:tf] ;j{sflns lgb]{zssf] O;f/fnfO{ of] /fi6«n] Åboª\ud ug]5 { , ljZje/sf g]kfnLefifL, aGw'afGwjnfO{ cGt/Åbob]lv d lgj]bg ub{5,' afns[i0f u'?sf] of] Tofu / ;dk{0fsf] ;Ddfg u/f}F . kf]v/]nsf] j[xt\ g]kfnL–cª\uh ]| L–g]kfnL sf]zsf] k|of]u g} pxfFkl| tsf] ;Ddfg x'g5 ] . o; 38L of] b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ lzIfs ljBfyL{, ;|i6f cg'jfbs ;dIf lgj]bg ub{5–' o; cd"No u|Gysf] Psk|lt cfˆgf] l;/fgLdf /fv]/ u'?nfO{ gdg ub}{ ;'Tg' xf]nf, p7\g' xf]nf . b]zljb]zdf ;d:t k':tsfno–sfof{nodf oyfzL3}| of] k'uf];,\ oxL k|fy{gf ub{5' . oqf] ;dlk{t ljåfg\n] /r]sf] o:tf] pkxf/ km]l/ s'g Oltxf;n] slxn] xfd|f] cfFugdf NofO lbG5 / b]Vg kfOG5 eGg ;lsFbg} . o:tf] s[ltnfO{ k|sfzgdf Nofpg] Zofd k':ts e08f/, lj/f6gu/sf >L d"nrGb| zdf{kl| t xfdL ;a} cfef/L 5f}F . o:tf] cd"No lglwnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug{] cj;/df n]vs–k|sfzs b'j}n] dk|lt oqf] ljZjf; u/L of] ljåt\ ;d'bfo ;dIf pleg] cj;/ lbPsf]df d k"jf{~rnk|lt xflb{s cfef/ k|s6 ub{5' . o:tf] s[lt ;fj{hlgsL/0fsf] z'ecj;/df pleg kfpFbf dnfO{ 7'nf] ;Ddfg kb l8u|L k|fKt u/] em}F v';L nfu]sf] 5 . km]l/ klg pg} dxfu'?df gdg ub{} cfh oxLF /f]lsG5' . ;fy} gf]cfx j]a:6/nfO{ cd]l/sL efiffsf zAbsf]zsf lktf elgG5 . ;/ :ofDo'cn hf]g;gnfO{ cª\u|]hL efiffdf zAbsf]zsf lktf elgG5 . g]kfnLdf s;nfO{ eGg' of] kb cBfjlw l/Qm 5 . g]kfnL ;Hhg ju{n] o;sf] lgwf{/0f u?g\ eGb} cfhnfO{ d labf dfUb5' . ;

-k|fWofks afns[i0f kf]v/]nsf] j[xt\ g]kfnL– cª\u|]hL–g]kfnL sf]zsf] nf]sfk{0fsf] cj;/df k|:t't ;Daf]wg . lbgfª\s @)&! r}q @* ut] lj/f6gu/_

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 50

k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

;dfnf]rgf

ef/taf6 k|sflzt g]kfnL Jofs/0f k/Dk/f / k|jl[ Q gjLg kf}8o\ fn != Jofs/0fsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro efiffsf b'O{ ¿k x'G5g\ sYo / n]Vo . sYo jStf / ;|f]tfdf af]n]/ JoSt ul/g] dfWod xf] . of] pRrfl/t txdf x'G5 / sfgn] u|x0f u5{ / n]Vo cfFvfn] . n]Vo n]v/] JoSt ul/g] lgoda4, cg'zfl;t ¿k xf] . Pp6} efiff ljleGg 7fpF, k|fGt / b]zdf af]lnG5 . o;f] x'bF f ljleGg 7fpFsf] Pp6} efiffnfO{ Pp6} lgodn] afFWg], Pp6} ;'qdf hf]8\g] ;femf Joj:yf x'G5g\ . To:tf ;femf Joj:yf, k|s[lt / ljz]iftfnfO{ cWoog ug]{ efiffsf] sfg'gnfO{ Jofs/0f elgG5 . o;n] g} efiff k|of]udf Ps¿ktf / Joj:yf ldnfpF5 . o;nfO{ efiffsf] s]G›Lo tyf dxTTjk"0f{ Joj:yf dflgPsf] 5 . efiff k|of]udf s'g l7s, s'g a]l7s, s'g z'4, s'g cz'4 cflb s'/fnfO{ 5'6o\ fpg] cfwf/ Jofs/0f xf] . ctM efiffsf] cWoog, cWofkg nufot ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf z'4 / Ps¿ktf sfod ug{ Jofs/0fsf] dxTTj / cfjZostf /x]sf] x'G5 . ;fdfGotof Jofs/0f eg]sf] efiffsf] lgb]l{ zsf xf] . o;n] efiffsf cfGtl/s kIfsf] lr/kmf/ u/L To;df /x]sf ljsf/nfO{ s]nfpF5 . oBlk efiff Jofs/0fsf kl5 nfUb}g a? Jofs/0f efiffsf] kl5 s'b5 \ . efiffsf sYo / n]Vosf b'O{ kIfdWo] Jofs/0fn] b'jn } fO{ lgb]z { g u5{ . oBlk sYo efiffdf rflxF Jofs/0fsf] nufd v'sn ' f] x'G5 / n]Vo efiffdf rflxF sl;nf] x'G5 . Jofs/0fn] efiffnfO{ Ps ¿ktf lbG5 . olb efiffdf Jofs/0f kIf sdhf]/ eO lbof] eg] efiffdf c/fhstf x'G5 . Pp6} efiff klg ljleGg 7fpF, k|fGt / b]zx?df af]lnG5 . o;f] x'bF f ljleGg 7fpFsf] Pp6} efiffnfO{ hf]8g\ ] s]xL ;femf a]xf]/f, k|s[lt / ljz]iftfnfO{ Jojl:yt cWoog ug]{ 1fgfg'zf;g Jofs/0f xf] . ctM efiffsf] cWoog, cWofkg nufot ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf z'4 / Ps ¿ktf

sfod ug{ Jofs/0fsf] dxTTj / cfjZostf 5 .

Jofs/0f efiffsf] lgod -sfg'g_ xf] . dfG5]nfO{ af6fdf lxF8b\ f ;d]t lgod rflxG5 eg] efiff h:tf] Jofks s'/fdf Jofs/0fsf] 7'nf] e"ldsf x'G5 . !=@= Jofs/0fsf] cWoog If]q– Jofs/0f jf:tjdf z'4;Fu efiff k|of]u ug],{ n]Vg Ps ¿ktf Nofpg] eflifs ;fwg xf] . o;n] zAbb] l v jfSo;Ddsf eflifs PsfOx?sf] k|of]usf ;fy} ltgsf ;+ / rgfsf] ;d] t cWoog ub{ 5 . o;leq efiffzf:qsf y/L y/Lsf ljifox? kb{5g\ . o;df zAbx?sf qmd, lqmofsf] k|sf/, juL{s/0f, jfRo, efj, sfn, kIf, s/0f, cs/0f, sf/s cflb kb{5g\ . kbfjnLsf] agf]6 tyf k|sf/, jfSosf] agf]6 tyf k|sf/ cflb s'/fx? klg Jofs/0f cGtu{t g} kb{5g\ . @= ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgsf] k/Dk/f g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vg k/Dk/f ;j{k|yd cª\uh ]| x?n] ;'? u/]sf x'g\ . g]kfnL efiffsf] klxnf] Jofs/0f ;g\ !*@) sf] h]D; P P6gsf] u|fd/ ckm\ g]kfnLh\ NofªUj]h\ xf] . o;df g]kfnL efiffsf] Jofs/l0fs Joj:yfaf/] cª\uh ]| L efiffdf n]lvPsf] 5 . of] snsQfsf] kmf]6{ ljlnod sn]haf6 k|sflzt ePsf] xf] . To;kl5 ;g\ !*(@ sf] d]h/ P hL Pkm a|fpgsf] Dofg'cn ckm\ v;\ uf]vf{nL c/\ kj{tLo, !((( sf] n]ˆ6g]g Pd O 8f]lkª– xf]lkG:6nsf] v; uf] v f{ n L u| f d/ P08 ef] s fa' n ] / L snsQfaf6 k|sflzt eP . ;g\ !()& df kf/fl8ud\ ckm\ bL g]kfnL ej{\;\ uf]vf{ k|; ] bfhL{lnªaf6, SofK6g kL df]g]sf] uf]vf{nL Dofg'cn -;g\ !(!*_, Pkm 8]jf/sf] g]KnLh ef]sfa'n/] L -sfgk'/af6_ ;g\ !(%) df sg]n { hL hL /f]h;{sf] sf]nf]Sj]n g]kfnL k|sflzt eP .

P6gsf] Jofs/0fsf] k|sfzgsf] l7s Ps ;o

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jif{kl5 kf/;dl0f k|wfgsf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f -;g\ !(@)_ k|sflzt ePsf] b]lvG5 . ef/tdf o; Jofs/0fn] P]ltxfl;s dxTTj sfod u/]sf] 5 .

Psn / cGosf] ;xn]vgdf /x]sf u/L kf/;dl0f k|wfgsf nueu bz j6f hlt g]kfnL Jofs/0f k':ts k|sflzt 5g\ . tL x'g–\ != g]kfnL Jofs/0f -!(@)_, @= ;lhnf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f -!(#%_, #= g]kfnL /rgf ef/tL -v08 ! / @, ;g\ !(%$, ;xn]vs cd/dl0f k|wfg_, $= g]kfnL Jofs/0f ef/tL -!(%$, ;xn]vs gu]G›dl0f k|wfg_, %= k|fylds g]kfnL Jofs/0f -!(%%_, ^= k|jl] zsf g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -!(%%, ;xn]vs 6Lsf/fd zdf{_, &= g]kfnL Jofs/0f -klxnf] efu, !(&$_, *= g]kfnL /rgf s';d' -efu !, !(%^, ;xn]vs gu]G›dl0f k|wfg_, (= Jofs/0fsf] bGTosyf -!(&)_, !)= dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -!(*@_, !!= g]kfnL efiffsf] ;fpF cIf/, !@= efiff k|jz ] g]kfnL Jofs/0f -!(&)_ . kf/;dl0f k|wfgkl5 ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]Vg]x?sf] ;"rL 5f]6f] b]lvG5 . tLdWo] s]xL Jofs/0f n]vs / Jofs/0f k':tssf] ;"rL lgDg lng ;lsG5 M != gu]G›dl0f k|wfg – k|fylds g]kfnL Jofs/0f @= afa'nfn k|wfg– ;lhnf] g]kfnL ;+:s[t Jofs/0f -;g\ !(%^_ #= efOrGb k|wfg – cfw'lgs g]kfnL Jofs/0f $= efOrGb k|wfg / dgaxfb'/ k|wfg– ;'ud g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf %= hut 5]qL– xfd|f] ;/n Jofs/0f / /rgf ^= lzj/fh zdf{– hf]/ ls lahf]/ < &= lzj/fh zdf{– ljsf; k|lqmof M g]kfnL ;j{gfd / cJoo zAb -!(*^_ *= lzj/fh zdf{ / cGo– dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf (= /fhgf/fo0f k|wfg– ;/n g]kfnL Jofs/0f !)= 3gZofd g]kfn / k'is/ k/fh'nL– dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf !!= 3gZofd g]kfn / sljtf nfdf– pRr dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f !@= 8f= ›f]0fs'df/ pkfWofo / tf/fklt pkfWofo– cfbz{ g]kfnL Jofs/0f -@))&_ !#= 3gZofd g]kfn– g]kfnL Jofs/0f k|sfz

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k|1f–ultljlw

!$= /fwfs[i0f zdf{ / k"0f{ /fO{– g]kfnL Jofs/0f -l;lSsdsf ljBfnox?df kfFrf}F / 5}6f}F >]0fLsf lglDt ;g\ !(*! ;fndf tof/ kfl/Psf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f xf] . !%= lzj/fh zdf{ / cGo– k"jf]Q { / g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf !*= g]kfnL n]vg z}nL– ef/tLo efiff ;+:yfg, ef/tLo efiff ;+:yfg, d};/" sf] k|sfzsTjdf ;g\ @)!! df k|sflzt g]kfnL n]vg z}nL ;fd"lxs n]vgdf /x]sf] g]kfnL efiff cWoogsf lglDt clt dxTTjk"0f{ k':ts xf] . of] d"ntM Jofs/0f k':ts geP tfklg Jofs/0fsf cg]s kIfaf/] r"8fGt ¿kdf 5nkmn ul/Psf] 5 . of] k':ts l;sfuf] Dofg'cn :6fOnsf cfwf/df s'g} k|sf/sf] n]vg, zf]wsfo{ n]vg / k':ts n]vgsf lglDt tof/ kfl/Psf] b]lvG5 . o;df efiff ;+/rgf, k|efjsf/L n]vg, j0f{ ljGof;, lj/fdflb lrXg, ;ª\If]kLs/0f, g]kfnL efiffsf] jfSo, k|wfg / uf}0f Jofs/l0fs sf]l6 nufot k':ts tof/ kfg{nfO{ rflxg] tslgsLut s'/fx?af/] rrf{ ul/Psf] kfOG5 . of] k':ts zf]wstf{, pRr lzIff nfe ug]{ ljBfyL{bl] v lnP/ ;a}sf lglDt n]vg z}nL / n]vgut lgodsf hfgsf/L lbPsf]n] pkof]uL ag]sf] 5 . o;}u/L s]G›Lo efiff ;+:yfg / ;]nl] ;og sn]h, ;f]gfbfsf] k|sfzgaf6 ;g\ @)!) df k|sflzt g]kfnL eflifs v]n Jofs/0f geP tfklg efiffnfO{ v]nsf ¿kdf l;sfpg] pkfo ul/Psf] k':ts xf] . hf]ug] bgf{n, ;L s] /fO{, 6]sgf/fo0f pkfWofo, ;'zLnf vjf; / Pd= klys ldn]/ tof/ kfl/Psf] o; k':tssf] pb\bZ] o bf];f| ] efiffsf ¿kdf g]kfnL efiff cWoog ug{ / afnaflnsfnfO{ g]kfnL efiff ;lhnf] u/L l;sfpg] /x]sf] 5 . #= ef/tsf s]xL Jofs/0fsf/sf] ;+lIfKt Jofs/0ffTds n]vg k|j[lQsf] rrf{ != h]=P P6g– g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] Oltxf;df h]=P P6g slxNo} glal;{g] gfd xf] lsgeg] pgn] g} g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgsf] ;'?jft u/]sf x'g\ . pgn] kmf]6{ ljlnod sn]haf6 ;g\ !*@) df u|fd/ ckm\ g]kfnLh Nofª\Uj]h k|sflzt u/]sf x'g\ . cª\u|]hsf ;Dks{df ePsf g]kfnLx?n]

af]Ng] / n]Vg] u/]sf efiffsf] cfwf/df pgn] g]kfnL Jofs/0f tof/ kf/]sf lyP . pSt k':tsdf ljleGg Jofs/l0fs sf]6L, ¿k / jfSo;Ddsf k|sl[ t / pbfx/0ffy{ g]kfnL efiffsf] jfSo / ltgsf] cª\uh ]| L cg'jfb lbOPsf] kfOG5 . @= kfb/L 6g{an ' – ;g\ !**& df k|sflzt kfb/L 6g{a'nsf] Jofs/0f / sf]zsf] ldl>t k':ts Nepali Grammar & English-Nepali Nepali -English Vocabulary g]kfnL efiff

/ o;sf] Jofs/l0fs kl/ro ;DaGwL u|Gy xf] . lrof sdfg / kmf}hsf cª\u|]h clkm;/x?nfO{ bfhL{lnªsf] ;Dks{ efiffsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] g]kfnL efiff l;Sg tyf bfhL{lnªdf O;fO{ wd{ k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ ;xof]uL xf];\ eGg] pb\bZ] on] of] k':ts n]lvPsf] a'lemG5 . o;df /x]sf] Jofs/l0fs kIf cª\ u | ] h L Jofs/0fsf] ;+ / rgfTds 9fF r fdf n]lvPsf] 5 . o;df g]kfnL lnlk, j0f{dfnf / gfdb]lv lqmofof]uL;Dd rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 . sf/ssf cfwf/df ;j{gfdsf] kl/ro / k|sf/, ;+of]hssf k|sf/ cflbaf/] ;f]bfx/0f hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . #= kf/;dl0f k|wfg– g]kfnL efiffsf] Jofs/0f n]vgdf kf/;dl0f k|wfgsf] gfd clt cfb/sf ;fy lnOG5 . ;g\ !(@) df xl/ lk|lG6ª js{; \ v/;fªaf6 k|sflzt g]kfnL Jofs/0f ljz]if u/L cª\uh ]| L Jofs/0f / efiff–efis/sf] 9fFrfdf / x]d/fh kf08]osf] rlGb|sf Jofs/0fsf] cfwf/df n] l vPsf] 5 . kf/;dl0f k| w fg PSn} n ] / ;xn]vgdf tof/ kf/]sf Jofs/0fsf k':tsx?df ;lhnf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f -!(#%_, g]kfnL /rgf s';d' -efu !, gu]G›dl0f k|wfgsf] ;xn]vg_, g]kfnL /rgf ef/tL -efu ! / @, cd/dl0f k|wfgsf] ;xn]vg, !(%$_, g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] kl/jl4{t / jt{dfg ¿k -!(&)_, Jofs/0fsf] bGTo syf -!(&)_, g]kfnL Jofs/0f ef/tL, gu]G›dl0f k|wfgsf] ;xn]vg, !(%$_, k|fylds g]kfnL Jofs/0f -!(%$_, k|j]lzsf Jofs/0f / /rgf -!(%%, l6sf/fd zdf{sf] ;xn]vg_, g]kfnL Jofs/0f -klxnf] efu, !(&)_, dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -!(*@_ /x]sf 5g\ . oBlk pgsf] ;g\ !(@) df k|sflzt Jofs/0fs} slxn]

;lhnf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f, slxn] Jofs/0f ef/tL clg slxn] k|jl] zsf g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf h:tf ljleGg gfdx? lnP/ b]vf k5{g\ . kf/;dl0f k|wfgn] cfˆgf Jofs/0fsf] d"n cfwf/ x]d/fh kf08]sf] rlGb|sfnfO{ agfPsf x'g\ oBlk cª\uh ]| L Jofs/0fnfO{ klg ckgfPsf 5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ efiffsf] Jofs/0fdf ;dof]lrt x]/km]/ x'g' hLljt efiffsf] nIf0f xf] . pgsf ljrf/df g]kfnL Jofs/0f j}1flgs 9ª\udf Jojl:yt x'g' k5{ . g]kfnLdf /x]sf] x|:j–bL3{sf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg Wjlg j}1flgs cfwf/af6 ug{ ;lsG5 .

Wjlg cg';f/ efiffdf g]kfnL lxHh] lgwf{/0f eP Ps¿ktf cfpg 7'nf] ;3fp k'Ug]5 . pgn] g]kfnL efiff x|:j k|wfg x'gfn] lxHh] klg k|foM x|:j g} x'g' k5{ eGg] /fNkm lnn] 6g{/sf] cfzonfO{ ;dy{g / k'i6L u/]sf 5g\ -g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] 5f]6f] Oltxf;, l6kg–6fkg M @)&_ . g]kfnL efiffsf] Jofs/0fsf lgoddf klg ;do ;dodf w]/yf]/ x]/km]/ eO /xg' k5{ . pgn] cfˆgf] hLjg sfnel/ efiffsf] Ps¿ktfsf nflu ;ª\3if{ ul/ /x] . $= z]ifdl0f k|wfg– g]kfnL Jofs/0f If]qdf z]ifdl0f k|wfgsf] Tolt gfd b]lvGg oBlk ;g\ !(@) df k|sflzt g]kfnL Jofs/0fdf kf/;dl0f k|wfgl;t pgsf] gfd klg ;x n]vssf ¿kdf b]lvG5 . o; k':tsdf /x]sf lrqx? rflxF z]ifdl0f k|wfgn] tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ eGg] hfgsf/L kfOG5 . %= gu]G›dl0f k|wfg– gu]G›dl0f k|wfg klg kf/;0fl0f k|wfgl;t ldn]/ g]kfnL Jofs/0f ef/tL, g]kfnL /rgf s';d' -efu !_, k|fylds g]kfnL Jofs/0f cflb tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ . pgL cfkm}F k|];sf d'Vo sfo{stf{sf ;fy} efiffsf] /fd|f] 1fg ePsf x'gfn] pgLsxfF d' l ›t x' g cfPsf w] / } n] v s– ;flxTosf/sf g]kfnL k':tsx?sf] ;l6s / z'4tf;Fu efiff, jfSo / k|'km ;+zf]wgdf pgsf] 7'nf] of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . ^= cd/dl0f k|wfg– cd/dl0f k|wfgn] klg kf/;dl0f k|wfgl;t ldn]/ g]kfnL /rgf ef/tL tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ . &= l6sf/fd zdf{– l6sf/fd zdf{n] klg klg kf/;dl0f k|wfgl;t ldn]/ k|j]lzsf g]kfnL

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 53

Jofs/0f / /rgf tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ . pgn] !@= lzj/fh zdf{– kf/;dl0f k|wfgkl5 jt{dfg ;+:s[tdf ;d]t :gfts u/]sf x'gfn] ;+:s[t lkF9Lsf Ps ljlzi6 j}ofs/0f x'g,\ lzj/fh zdf{ .

Jofs/0fsf] 1fgn] pgnfO{ g]kfnL Jofs/0f /rgf g]kfnL j}ofs/0f lzj/fh zdf{n] g]kfnL Jofs/0f ug{ 7'nf] ;xof]u k'us ] f] b]lvG5 . ;DaGwL w]/} sfd u/]sf 5g\ . pgL ;+:s[tdf *= afa'nfn k|wfg– g]kfnL efiffdf pNn]vgLo Jofs/0ffrfo{ x'g\ eg] Jofs/0ftLy{ klg pTtL0f{ of]ubfg lbg] afa'nfn k|wfg g]kfnL Jofs/0f u/]sf x'g\ . pgsf Jofs/l0fs k':tsx?df hf]/ n]vgdf klg ;l/s b]lvG5g\ . pgsf] ;lhnf] ls lahf]/ <, ljsf; k|lqmof g]kfnL ;j{gfd / g]kfnL ;+:s[t Jofs/0f -!(%^_ k|sflzt 5 . cJoo zAb, g]kfn / g]jfn d"ntM CUj}lbs o;sf] d'Vo pb\b]Zo g]kfnL ljBfyL{nfO{ ;+:s[t zAb, lgkmg gfkmg, g]kfnL j0f{dfnfsf j0f{x? / efiff 1fg lbg' /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cª\u|]hLdf d]/f cGo n]v -@))(_, dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f kfl/eflifs zAb tyf cEof;sf af/]df n]lvPsf] / /rgf -;g\ !(^*_, /fd|f] g]kfnL Jofs/0f / o; Jofs/0fdf …g]kfnLdf cg'jfb u/Ú h:tf /rgf -;ftf}F / cf7f}F >]0fL_, dfWolds ;+:s[t cEof; klg lbOPsf] kfOG5 .

Jofs/0f bLlksf, gf}nf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f -kfFrf}F (= bofgGb >Ljf:tj– lognfO{ g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf/ / 5}6f}F >]0fL_, k"jf]{Q/ g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf dfGg g;lsP tfklg g]kfnL efiffdf ljBfjfl/lw h:tf Jofs/0f k':ts k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . pgn] ubf{ logn] g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf s]xL kIfaf/] rrf{ g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf ljleGg kIfdf kf/;dl0f u/]sf 5g\ . k|wfg, tf/fgfy zdf{, /f]lx0fLk|;fb e6\6/fO{ !)= uf]sn ' l;Gxf– g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf If]qdf uf]sn ' cflbnfO{ ;d]t r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ . oL afx]s l;Gxf Ps lrGts / ky k|bz{s x'g\ . pgsf] Jofs/0f ;DaGwL w]/} n]vx? k'm6s/ ¿kdf Jofs/0f k':ts k|sflzt geP tfklg k'm6s/ k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . pgsf] Jofs/0f n]vgsf] ¿kdf pgsf y'k|} Jofs/0f ;DaGwL n]vflb d"n cfwf/ ;+:s[t xf] . pgsf dtfg';f/ g]kfnL k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . pgsf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f efiffsf] d"n k|j[lTt, k'Vof}nL / h/f] ;+:s[t ;DaGwL Nepali Transformational Structure x'gfn] g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] d"n k|sl[ t klg ;+:s[t : A Sketch -1967_, A Treatise on Nepali Lancg'¿k g} 5 . ;+:s[tsf tT;d / clwsf+z guage -1978_ gfds cª\uh ]| L n]vx? k|sflzt tb\ej zAbsf d"n h/f k}Nofpg ;Sg]n] dfq 5g\ . oLafx]s g]kfnL efiffdf Ps¿ktfsf] k|Zg z'4 n]Vg ;S5 . ctM g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgdf cflb Jofs/0f ljifos ljrf/f]Qh ] s n]vx? n]vs ] f ;+:s[tsf] ;fdfGo 1fg x'g' cfjZos 5 . ;g\ 5g\ . pgn] g]kfnL Jofs/l0fs Ps¿ktfsf !(*$ df k|sflzt lzj/fh zdf{sf] efiff / k|;ª\udf Psfw k|Zg / ;d:of cf}NF ofPsf 5g\ .

Jofs/0fljifo lrGtg / ts{kw| fg k':ts hf]/ tL d'Vo ;d:ofx?df x|:j–bL3{sf] clglZrt, ls lahf]/ < g]kfnL Jofs/0f cWoogsf] Pp6f kbof]u / kb ljof]usf] k|dfb, st{f, sd{ / jrg sf];]9'ª\uf] xf] . o;df d"n ¿kdf efg'eStsf] cg'¿kL lqmofsf] cGof]n, zAbfGt/ / cyf{Gt/sf] g]kfnL efiff / zAb k|of]usf cfwf/ lnP/ n]lvP cnGt/ tyf lSni6 / ;/n tyf ;+:s[tlgi7 / tfklg o;df g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] k/Dk/f, g]kfnL em/f]j{ fbsf] emu8f /x]sf 5g\ . efiffsf] z'4 ¿k s]nfpFb} kxf8lt/ af]lng] g]kfnL !!= OG›dl0f k|wfg– OGb|dl0f k|wfgsf] An IntroefiffnfO{ clws dxTTj lbOPsf] 5 . kf/;dl0f duction to the Nepali Vowel and Consok|wfgsf] g]kfnL efiffsf] Ps¿ktfsf] ts{nfO{ nant Sounds (1969) eGg] k':ts k|sflzt 5 . v08gsf ;fy} tf/fgfy zdf{, ;"ol{ jqmd 1jfnL pgn] g]kfnLsf WjlgnfO{ Wjlg j}1flgs ¿kdf nufotsf efiff ;DaGwL ljrf/sf] klg tfls{s ljZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] g]kfnL j0f{nfO{ ¿kdf v08g ul/Psf] 5 . …rfdn, slgsf, pRrf/0f cj:yfsf lrq / dfg:j/df b]vfP/ laofF, 9'6f] / 8F8fNg] e'; lrGg l9sLd} kfOnf ljZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\ .

6]ss ] f] x'g' k5{Ú eGg] pgsf] cfzo 5 . g]kfnL

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 54

k|1f–ultljlw

efiffsf] Jofs/0f n]Vg]n] ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf ;fdfGo lgod / kxf8L ufpF–a:tLsf em/f{ ¿knfO{ cg'z/0f ug{' k5{ eGg] pgsf] 7DofO 5. !#= efOrGb k|wfg– kf/;dl0f k|wfgkl5sf csf{ Ps ljlzi6 j}ofs/0f x'g\ efOrGb k|wfg . pgsf cfw'lgs g]kfnL Jofs/0f / ;'ud g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -;xn]vs dgaxfb'/ k|wfg, !(*%_ u/L b'O{ j6f dxTTjk"0f{ ljBfyL{ pkof]uL Jofs/0fsf k':tsx? k|sflzt 5g\ . oBlk pgsf tNnf sIffsf lglDt klg gj g]kfnL Jofs/0f / lzz' g]kfnL Jofs/0f k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . pgL klg g]kfnL efiff / Jofs/0fsf ;dlk{t / dd{ a'em]sf j}ofs/0f lyP . !$= dgaxfb'/ k|wfg– dgaxfb'/ k|wfgn] klg efOrGb k|wfgl;t ldn]/ ;'ud g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ . pgL klg Jofs/0f n]vgsf Ps ;r]t / ;kmn JolStTj x'g\ . !%= hut 5]qL– ljBfno txdf g]kfnL kf7\o k':ts tof/ kfg]{ qmddf hut 5]qLsf xfd|f] ;/n Jofs/0f -efu !, kfFrf}F / 5}6f}F >]0fLsf lglDt_, xfd|f] ;/n Jofs/0f / /rgf h:tf kf7\o Jofs/0fx? k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . pgsf Jofs/0fdf vf;} j}lzi6\o geP tfklg ljBfyL{n] a'‰g] ;lhnf] tl/sf ckgfOPsf] 5 . !^= /fhgf/fo0f k|wfg– /fhgf/fo0f k|wfgn] klg ljBfyL{ pkof]uL Jofs/0f n]v]sf 5g\ . pgsf] ;/n g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf k|sflzt b]lvG5 . o;df Jofs/0f ;DaGwL pNn]vgLo kIf gkfOP tfklg ljBfyL{x?nfO{ hlt;Sbf] ;/n k|sf/n] Jofs/0f a'emfpg ;xfos l;4 ePsf] 5 . pgsf efiffdf ;ftf] af] n fpg] dfq} xf] O g, ;fF k ] ljBfyL{nfO{ klg tTsfn} p7fOj/L bf}8fpg;Ddsf] ;fdYo{ kfOG5, 5f]6f, ld7f / z'4 jfSodf -lzj/fh zdf{, hf]/ ls lahf]/, k[i7 ##*_ . k|:t't k':ts dfWolds txsf ljBfyL{ ju{sf] cfjZostfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL n]lvPsf] b]lvG5 . kl5 oxL Jofs/0fsf] kfFrf}bF l] v cf7f}F >]0fL;Ddsf] kf7\oqmddf Zofd a|b;{ / ;femf k':ts k|sfzgaf6 ;/n g]kfnL Jofs/0f / Jofs/0f k|jz ] sf gfddf k|sflzt ePsf] b]lvG5 .

!&= u'dfgl;+x rfdlnª– u'dfgl;+x rfdlnªn] g]kfnL Jofs/0f k':ts gn]v]sf eP tfklg pgn] s]xL Jofs/l0fs kIfdf lrGtg u/]sf 5g\ . df}nf]df pgn] …g]kfnL Jofs/0fut PsLs/0f Pjd\ dfg:t/Ls/0fsf] ;d:ofÚ eGg] n]vdf g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf lnª\u, jrg, sf/s, lqmof, sfnsf kIf cflbdf cg]s¿ktfsf sf/0f ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 eGg] ljrf/ JoSt u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] x]d/fh kf08], kf/;dl0f k|wfg cflbsf Jofs/l0fs kIfsf] t'ngf u/]sf 5g\ . !*= ›f]0f s'df/ pkfWofo– cfbz{ g]kfnL Jofs/0f -;g\ @))%_ k':tssf n]vsåo x'g\ ›f]0f s'df/ pkfWofo / pbfnu9L, cf;fdsf k"j{lzIfs tf/fklt pkfWofo . cf;fdaf6 k|sflzt klxnf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f k':ts ;Dejt oxL x'g' k5{ . o; Jofs/0fdf g]kfns} j0f{dfnfsf] 9fFrf /x]sf] 5 . bfhL{lnªlt/ /x]sf] tnyf]KnL 8 / 9 j0f{x? kfOGg . g]kfnLdf ePsf ;fdfGo j0f{dfnfnfO{ ;+:s[taf6 afWotfa;\ u|x0f ug{' k/]sf] s'/f oxfF pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o; k':tsdf j0f{ ljGof;, n]VolrGx lgod, zAbju{, zAb ¿kfog, zAb lgdf{0f, jfSo tTTj, Jofs/l0fs sf]6L, kb ;ª\ult OToflbsf cltl/St kl/lzi6 v08df cg]sfyL{, leGgfy{s, kof{ojfrL, ljnf]d zAb, pvfg–t'Ssfx?sf af/]df rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 . o; Jofs/0fsf] nlIft ju{ ;ftf}F >]0fLb]lv aL=P cg;{;Ddsf ljBfyL{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;df ›f]0f s'df/ pkfWofos} a9L >d k/]sf] s'/f pNn]v 5. !(= tf/fklt pkfWofo– cfbz{ g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf ;xn]vs x'g\ tf/fklt pkfWofo x'g\ . o;af/] ›f]0f s'df/ pkfWofos} ljifodf rrf{ ul/ ;lsPsf] 5 . @)= 3gZofd g]kfn– g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgdf 3gZofd g]kfn Pp6f ljlzi6 gfd xf] . cfh;Dd pgsf ltg j6f g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf k':ts k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . g]kfnL Jofs/0f k|sfz, dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -;x n]vs k'is/ k/fh'nL_, pRr dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -;x n]vs, sljtf nfdf_ . pgL g]kfnL efiffsf] k|fs[lts :j¿k / cfw'lgs efiff

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 55

lj1fgsf cfwf/nfO{ lgofn]/ To; d'tfljs Jofs/0f n]vs ] f 5g\ . pgL efiffsf s'zn k|of]Qmf x'g\ . 8f= 3gZofd g]kfnsf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f k|sfz -!((^_ g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgsf ;Gbe{df dxTTjk"0f{ k':ts xf] . of] k':ts g]kfnL efiffsf] :j¿k / k|j[lQx?nfO{ cfTd;ft u/L tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . o;df ;/ntf, ;xhtf, j:t'lgi7tf, j}1flgstf tyf ;fdlostf h:tf u'0fx? kfOG5g\ . o; Jofs/0fdf j0f{ ljrf/, kb ljrf/, jfSo ljrf/ / ;ª\syg ljrf/ klg kfOG5g\ . pRr dfWolds txsf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] 3gZofd g]kfn / sljtf nfdfsf] pRr dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgfdf klg s]xL df}lns kIf /x]sf 5g\ . o;df g]kfnL j0f{dfnf, s]xL lj:t[ttf, Jolt/]sL / kl/k"/s ljt/0f, dfg:j/sf cfwf/df klg g]kfnL j0f{x?sf] cWoog ul/Psf] kfOG5 . o;df Jofs/0fsf ;fdfGo sf]6Lafx]s g]kfnL zAbx?sf] ¿kfGt/0f / ¿kfog, zAbsf] e]bf]ke]b, zAb lgdf{0f k|lqmof, zAb e08f/ jfSo kl/rosf cltl/Qm /rgf v08df jfUwf/f, pvfg–6'Ssf, kq–/rgf, dgf]jfb n]vg, cg'jfb tyf kl/lzi6df d]hf]kl/ d'›0f, d'›0f ;+zf]wg, /]n ofqfaf/] ;fdfGo hfgsf/L, df}lvs cleJolSt, 5Gb–cnª\sf/ cflbsf] rrf{ u/]sf 5g\ . g] k fnL Jofs/0f k/Dk/fdf o; k' : tssf] dxTTjk"0f{ :yfg 5 . dfWolds :t/sf ljBfyL{sf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] of] Jofs/0f efiff j}1flgs cfwf/df n]lvPsf] kfOG5 . o;df ;dflji6 j0f{dfnf kl/rodf g]kfnLdf n]lvg] / af]lng] j0f{dfnf egL b'O{ lsl;dsf] juL{s/0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 / af]lng] j0f{dfnfsf] :j/ j0f{df c cf O p P cf] tyf Jo~hg j0f{df s\ v\ u\ 3\ ª\ r\ 5\ h\ em\ 6\ 7\ 8\ 9\ t\ y\ b\ w\ g\ k\ km\ a\ e\ d\ o\ n\ j\ ;\ x\ u/L pgGtL; j6f dfq kfOG5g\ . n]lvg] Jo~hg j0f{df rflxF `\ 0f\ z\ if\ yk u/L hDdf t]lQ;j6f b]vfOPsf] 5 . o:tf Jo~hg j0f{ tT;d zAb;lxtsf g]kfnLdf dfq rflxG5g\ eGg] dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . o; afx]s o;df Jofs/0fsf ;fdfGo ljifoafx]s låTj k|lqmof, pkjfSo, sf]l6sf/, ;+jfb n]vg, 8fo/L n]vg,

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 56

k|1f–ultljlw

lj1fkg n]vg cflb c¿ eGbf leGg ljifo j:t'nfO{ klg ;d]6]sf] b]lvG5 . @)= zflGt/fh zdf{– zflGt/fh zdf{ / Pr=aL /fO{sf] ;+oS' t n]vgdf /x]sf] efiff / ;flxTosf] d'xfgb]lv gfds k':tssf] af¥xf}F v08df nueu la; k[i7df g]kfnL Jofs/0faf/] rrf{ ul/Psf] kfOG5 . jfSo zAb / j0f{sf] ;+lIfKtdf gofF / df}lns s'/fx?sf] ts{;lxt ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 . @!= sljtf nfdf– sljtf nfdfn] pRr dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf 3gZofd g]kfn;Fu ;xn]vgdf /xL tof/ kf/]sL x'g\ . @@= k'is/ k/fh'nL– k'is/ k/fh'nLn] dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf 3gZofd g]kfn;Fu ;xn]vgdf /xL tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ . @#= dggf/fo0f k|wfg– lzIff ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]hgsf nflu Jofs/0f tof/ ug]{ qmddf dggf/fo0f k|wfgsf] gfd klg lng' kb{5 . ljz]ifu/L 8'j;{ / l;nu8Lsf ljBfnosf ljleGg txsf ljBfyL{sf nflu pgn] Jofs/0f k':ts tof/ kf/]sf 5g\ . oL d'Vo d'Vo n]vs afx]s s]jnrG› nfdfn] klg ;ftf}F / cf7f}F >]0fLsf lglDt ;/n g]kfnL Jofs/0f -@)!)_ tof/ kf/]sf 5g\ . o;df ;/n k|sf/n] ljBfyL{nfO{ l;sfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . oBlk of] ;ftf}F / cf7f}F >]0fLsf lglDt geO{ kfFrf}F / 5}6f}F >]0fLsf lglDt eg] pko'St b]lvG5 . z/b\ 5]qLn] klg cª\uh ]| L ljBfnosf] ;ftf}F / cf7f}F >]0fLsf lglDt ;'af]w g]kfnL Jofs/0f tof/ kf/]sf] b]lvG5 oBlk pgsf] gfd lnP/ k|sfzsn] c¿ s;}nfO{ n]Vg nufO{ cfˆgf] Jofj;flos wd{nfO{ kfng u/]sf] dfq b]lvG5 . oL b'O{ Jofs/0fsf k':tsnfO{ pNn]vgLo pknAwL dfGg ;lsGg . o;} u/L s]xL ljBfyL{sf] k/LIff pkof]uL s]xL Jofs/0f lgb]l{ zsf klg k|sflzt 5g\ . ltgsf] pNn]v ug{' klg cfjZostf 5}g .

Pstf a's xfp;, l;nu8Ln] ef/tsf cª\uh ]| L ljBfnodf g]kfnLefifL ljBfyL{sf lglDt lzz' sIffb]lv bzf}F sIff;Ddsf nflu efOrGb k|wfgsf] ;Dkfbg / 8f=dxfb]j cj:yL / kf/;dl0f e08f/Lsf n]vgdf /x]sf] ;/n g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf

k|sflzt u/]sf] 5 . o;df sIffut :t/ cg'¿k cjx]ngf ug{', dfgs, :ki6, ;lhnf], pbfx/0f / cEof;o'St 5 / (= eflifs Ps¿ktf, j0f{ ljGof;, dfgs ¿k ljBfyL{ pkof]uL 5 . oBlk o; k':tssf ;Dkfbs ;DaGwdf ljBfno txsf lzIfs–lzlIfsfsf efOrGb k|wfg eP tfklg n]vsåo g]kfnsf x'gfn] lglDt, sfo{zfnf, ;ª\uf]i7L, k'gZrof{, tflnd o;nfO{ ef/tsf] g]kfnL Jofs/0f dfGg ;lsGg . cflb h:tf sfo{qmdsf] cefj . !)= ljleGg eflifs, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts k[i7e"ldaf6 $= bfhL{lnª, l;lSsddf g]kfnL efiff n]vgdf cfPsf ljBfyL{x?sf] sYo efiffsf] k|efj .

Jofs/l0fs ;r]ttfsf] jt{dfg l:ylt sYo efiffdf g} cfb/, sf/s, lnª\u, jrg, bfhL{lnª l;lSsddf g]kfnL Jofs/0f k7g kf7g sfn / o;sf kIf h:tf sf]l6x?sf] kfng ;'? ePsf] nueu ;o jif{ k'Ug} nfu]sf] 5 . oBlk ePsf] b]lvGg eg] n]Vo ¿kn] klg o:t} eflifs jt{dfg ;dosf g]kfnL ljifodf :gfts / :gftsf]Q/ ljrngn] k|efj hdfPsf] b]lvG5 . tx;Dd cWoog ul/ /x]sf / ul/ ;s]sf clwsf+z !!=cl3 ;f7Lsf] bzs;Dd oxfFsf ljBfnodf ljBfyL{ / ;fdfGo dflg;x?n] g]kfnL Jofs/l0fs ;+:s[t Ps ljifo lyof] . Tolt a]nf;Dd ;fdfGo tj/n] z'4;Fu n]Vg hfg]sf x'bF g} g\ . Jofs/0fsf ljz]if ljBfyL{n] g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf ;fdfGo lgod u/L lnª\u, jrg, sf/s, k'¿if, cfb/ / sfnsf hfg]sf x'Gy] . kl5af6 ;+:s[t x6]kl5 oxfFsf kIfdf w]/} q'6L u/]sf] kfOG5 . clwsf+z ljBfyL{nfO{ ljBfyL{x?df g]kfnL Jofs/0fdf lzlyntf cfpFb} sYo efiffnfO{ dfgs ¿kdf n]Vg] hfFr lnP u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pko{l' Nnlvt q'6L u5{g\ . lto{s sf/s, lqmof;Fu lnª\u, jrg, k'¿if / cfb/sf] ;l6s tfnd]n x'g' kg]{ %=!= ef/tdf Jofs/l0fs ;'wf/ / lg/fs/0fsf ;fdfGo s'/fsf] 1fg klg gePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L lglDt s]xL pkfo ckgfpg ;lsG5– Jofs/0fsf lgod lzlyn x'gfsf s]xL d'Vo sf/0fx?nfO{ != ;j{ky| d ljBfnob]lv dxfljBfno tx;Ddsf o;/L s]nfpg ;lsG5– g]kfnL ljifo lzIfs–lzlIfsfx?nfO{ eflifs Ps¿ktf, j0f{ ljGof; / k|efjzfnL / ?lrs/ %= s]xL ;fdfGo sf/0fx? cWofkgsf nflu ;do–;dodf sfo{zfnf, != ljBfyL{df Jofs/l0fs lgodk|lt c¿lr / nfkjf{xL, ;ª\uf]i7L, k'gZrof{ cflb sfo{qmd cfof]hgf @= k|fylds txb]lv pRr dfWolds tx;Ddsf ug{ ;lsG5 . ljBfnodf g]kfnL Jofs/0f k7g–kf7gdf @= g]kfnL ljifo lzIfsn] g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf dfgs pbfl;gtf, k':ts cWoog / cg'zLng ug]{ cEof; ug{' #= ljBfno txdf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ Jofs/0fsf k5{ . lgodx?af/] a'emfpgsf ;6\6f /6fpg] k4ltsf] #= klxnf] >]0fLb]lv g} dfgs Jofs/0f k':tsnfO{ ljsf; x'g,' kf7\o k':ts lgwf{/0f ug{' k5{ . $= lzIfs–ljBfyL{ju{n] Jofs/0fsf] cWoog, dgg $= ;a} txsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ Jofs/0f k7gdf ljleGg / cg'zLngsf] sdL, tl/sfn] Jofs/0f ?lrs/ agfpg] pkfo %= Jofs/0fsf lgodx? Ps¿ktf geO cg]s¿ktf ckgfpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . x'gfn] klg o;k|lt pbf;Lgtf, ^= ljBfno / ljifo lzIfsn] h'g;'s} Jofs/0f ^= ef/taf6 k|sflzt g]kfnL Jofs/0f k|jl[ Q, k|flKt kf7\o k':tssf ¿kdf rog, / ;Ldfx? &= cª\uh ]| L dfWod k9\g] ljBfyL{x?sf] ;ª\Vof j[l4, ^=!= Jofs/0f n]vg n/t/f] ljifo xf]Og . cfˆgf] *= ljleGg ;/sf/L / lghL ljBfnodf g]kfnL ljifosf] efiff nufot ;+:s[t -g]kfnL Jofs/0f ;Gbe{df_ bIf lzIfs–lzlIfsfsf] cefj / cGo ljifo k9]sf / cGo efiffsf] ;d]t cWoog ePsf, Jofs/0fdf lzIfs–lzlIfsfn] g]kfnL k9fpg' / Jofs/0fsf] ?lr /fVg], l;4x:t, ;DalGwt efiffsf] k|sl[ tsf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 57

uDeL/ cWoog ePsf, kl/kSj / w}ow{ f/L ljåfg\n] a8f] ;fjwfgLk"j{s n]lvg] ljifo xf] Jofs/0f n]vg . o;/L uDeL/ eP/ nfUg] ljåfg\ ef/tdf yf]/} 5g\ . ^=@= oxfFaf6 k|sflzt Jofs/0fx? ;a} g} z}Ifl0fs pb\b]Zo k"lt{sf lglDt tof/ ePsf 5g\ . bf];|f] >]0fLb]lv af¥xf}F >]0fL;Ddsf nflu g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]lvPsf kf7\o j:t'x?df xfn;Dd pko'St :t/0f ePsf] b]lvGg . vf; >]0fL jf txsf kf7\oqmddf Jofs/0fsf vf; kf7\o j:t'sf] ulx/fO tyf lj:t[lt s] slt x'g] xf] / dflyNnf txdf ToxL kf7\o j:t'sf] ulx/fO tyf lj:t[lt s] slt x'g] xf], :ki6 lgb]z { g x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ^=#= ef/tLo kl/k|I] odf g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vsx? ltg vfn] b]lvG5g\ . Ps vfnsf n]vsx? hf] jf:tljs j}ofs/0f geO k|sfzsx?n] kf7\o k':ts tof/ kfg]{ qmddf Jofs/0f k':ts n]vs ] f 5g\ . o:tf vfnsf n]vsx? a9L 5g\ . csf{ vfnsf n]vsx? hf] j}ofs/0f g} x'g\ h;n] Jofs/0fsf x/]s kIfdfly Wofg k'¥of{P/ n]v]sf x'G5g\ . t];|f] y/Lsf n]vsx? efiffljb\ x'g\ hf] cfw'lgs efiff lj1fgsf ljleGg l;4fGtsf cfwf/df cWoog u/L Jofs/0f n]v]sf 5g\ . ^=$= kf/;dl0f k|wfgn] g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] d"n cfwf/ x]d/fh kf08]sf] rlGb|sfnfO{ lnPsf lyP eg] kl5sfn] eg] kf/;dl0f k|wfgsf Jofs/0f k':tssf] cfwf/ lnP/ n]vs ] f 5g\ . ^=%= oxfF clwsf+z ;+:s[tsf] k/Dkl/t Jofs/0fsf cfwf/df n]lvPsf Jofs/0f k':ts kfOG5g\ eg] otf efiffj}1flgs cfwf/df g]kfnL efiffsf] k|sl[ tcg';f/ n]lvPsf Jofs/0f kfOG5g\ . ^=^= oxfFsf Jofs/0f ljz]if s'g} ljifout s]lGb|otf h:t} sf/s Jofs/0f, ¿kfGt/0f Jofs/0f / jfSo Jofs/0f cfwf/df geO{ k|foM ;a} kIfsf ljifodf cfwfl/t 5g\ . ^=&= xfd|f Jofs/0fdf lgod / ljwfgx?df ljleGgtf kfOG5 . To:tf j}leGo j}ofs/0fx?sf cf–cfˆgf ljj]rgf / dfGotfsf sf/0fn] xf] . xfdL kmnfgfsf] Jofs/0f l7s / kmnfgfsf] rflxF a]l7s egL :ki6 ¿kdf eGg ;Sg] l:yltdf 5}gf}F .

Jofs/0fsf cf–cfˆgf cfwf/ / l;4fGt x'gfn]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 58

k|1f–ultljlw

s'g Jofs/0fsf] kl5 nfUg] eGg] ;d:ofdf 5f}F . ^=*= oxfFsf] g]kfnL efiff Psflt/ Jofs/0f csf{lt/ ePsf] x'Fbf Jofs/0fn] sYo efiff t 5fl8 lbpF n]Vo efiffnfO{ ;d]t Jofs[t agfpg ;s]sf] b]lvGg . oxfF g]kfnL efiff–;flxTodf pRr cWoog ;dfKt ug] { x ?sf] klg efiffdf Jofs/0fut ljrng b]lvG5 . ^=(= oxfFsf Jofs/0f a9L z}Ifl0fs pb\bZ] oaf6 n]lvPsf 5g\ t/ :jtGq ¿kn] efiffsf] z'4 ¿k l;Sg] pb\bZ] on] yf]/} lh1f;'n] dfq cWoog u5{g\ . ^=!)= oxfFsf sltko Jofs/0f ahf/, :s'n] ljBfyL{sf] dfu / vkt x'g] pb\bZ] on] n]vg / k|sfzg x'g] x'bF f slxn]sfxLF Jofs/l0fs ljrng / cg]s¿ktf b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . ^=!!= oxfFsf Jofs/0f k':tsdf j0f{ ljGof; / Jofs/0fut Ps¿ktfsf] ;f6f] ax'¿ktf klg b]vf k5{ . ljz]if u/L sf/s, ltg sfnsf kIf, kbof]u, kb ljof]usf e]bf]ke]bsf ;DaGwdf s]xL dtfGt/ b]lvg cfPsf 5g\ . o;df s]xL t'ngf u/L x]g{ ;lsG5– s= rlG›sfsf/ x]d/fh kf08]n] ^ lsl;dsf sf/s b] v fPsf 5g\ . pgn] ;DaGw sf/s / ;Daf]wgnfO{ sf/s dfg]sf 5}gg\ . kf/;dl0f k|wfg / efOrGb k|wfgn cf7 j6f sf/s / lzj/fh zdf{n] ^ j6f sf/s / cf7 j6f ljelQm dfg]sf 5g\ . 3gZofd g]kfn / k'is/ k/fh'nLn] ;Daf]wg 5f8]/ ;ft j6f sf/s dfg]sf 5g\ . v= sfn lg0f{o– rlG›sfsf/ nufot ;a}n] ltg sfn dfg]sf 5g\ eg] g]kfn / k/fh'nLn] e"tsfn / ce"t sfn u/L b'O{ sfn dfg]sf 5g\ . ce"tnfO{ pk juL{s/0f u/L jt{dfg / eljiot\ sfn pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . u= sfnsf kIf– kf/;dl0f k|wfgn] jt{dfg sfnsf ltg j6f– ;fdfGo, tfTsflns / ;+lbUw kIf b]vfPsf 5g\ . efOrGb k|wfgn] ;fdfGo, tfTsflns, k"0f{ / ck"0f{ u/L rf/ j6f, g]kfn / k/fh'nLn]– ;fdfGo, k"0f{ / ck"0f{ u/L ltg j6f b]vfPsf 5g\ . e"t sfnsf kIfdf klg cg]s ¿ktf b]lvG5 . kf/;dl0f k|wfg– ;fdfGo, cf;Gg, k"0f{, ck"0f{, ;+lbUw / x]tx' t] d ' t u/L ^

j6f . efOrGb k|wfg, g]kfn / k/fh'nL kfFr j6f -x]t'x]t'dt afx]s_ . eljiot\ sfnsf kIfx?df klg To:t} 5 . kf/;dl0f k|wfg -;fdfGo, k"0f{, ck"0f{ / ;+efJo u/L rf/ j6f, efOrGb k|wfg–;fdfGo / ;+efJo u/L b'O{ j6f, g]kfn / k/fh'nL– ;fdfGo, k"0f{ / ck"0f{ u/L ltg j6f b]vfPsf 5g\ . oL afx]s cGo s]xL s'/fdf klg dtfGt/ b]lvG5g\ . ^=!@= Pp6} gfd lnP/ s]xL Jofs/0f k':tsx? klg k|sflzt ePsf] b]lvG5 . dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf gfdsf k':tsx? kf/;dl0f k|wfg -!((@_, Pn= kL= zdf{, s]= kL= zdf{, P;= cf/= zdf{ / h]= s]= 5]qLsf] ;+o'St n]vgdf /x]sf] dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -;g\ !(^(_, hut 5]qL / h]= Pg= k|wfgsf] dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -efu !–#, !((*_, 3gZofd g]kfn / k'is/ k/fh'nLsf] dfWolds g]kfnL Jofs/0f / /rgf -@))&_ a]Unf–a]Un} k':ts k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . ^=!#= ef/taf6 g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgdf bfhL{lnª dfq b]lvG5 . ljBfno txsf nflu l;lSsd / cf;fdaf6 Ps–Ps j6f dfq g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf k':ts k|sflzt ePsf] b]lvG5 . ^=!$= bfhL{lnªdf klxnf] >]0fLb]lv g} Jofs/0f k7g kf7g x'bF } cfPsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf nflu kf/;dl0f k|wfg / /fhgf/fo0f k|wfg, hut\ 5]qL cflbn] sIffut :t/cg'¿k Jofs/0f k':ts tof/ u/]sf x'g\ . ^=!%= otf bfhL{lnª–l;lSsdaf6 g]kfnL Jofs/0f ljifodf cg';Gwfg sfo{ ePsf] 5}g . o; lbzftkm{ klg cg';Gwftfsf nfUg' cfjZos 5. ^=!^= h] h:tf] eP tfklg bfhL{lnªaf6 g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgn] /fd|f] k|ult u/]sf] 5 . cfh;Dd oxfF a f6 nueu afO;b] l v kRrL; j6f Jofs/0fsf k':ts k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . ^=!&= ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgsf If]qdf vf;u/L rf/ hgf kf/;dl0f k|wfg, efOrGb k|wfg, lzj/fh zdf{ / 3gZofd g]kfn dfq Jofs/l0fs 1fg, cWoog, ;r]ttf ePsf Jofs/0fsf/ x'g\ . kf/;dl0f k|wfgn] cfhLjg

g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vg / Ps¿ktfsf] cleofgdf hLjg vlr{Psf x'g\ . efOrGb k|wfg klg g]kfnL efiff / o;sf] Jofs/l0fs 1fg ePsf x'g\ . lzj/fh zdf{ klg ;+:s[t Jofs/0f / g]kfnL efiffsf] d"n h/f] lrg]sf / uDeL/ cWoog u/]sf j}ofs/0f x'g\ . o;}u/L 3gZofd g]kfnn] klg g]kfnL efiffsf] d"n k|j[lQ / k|s[lt cg'¿k / cfw'lgs efiff lj1fgsf cfwf/df g]kfnL Jofs/0f tof/ kf/]sf 5g\ . &= pk;+xf/ ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vg k/Dk/f nfdf] /x]sf] 5 . ef/tdf g]kfnL n]vg yfngL ePsf] nueu b'O{ ;o jif{ nfUof] cfF6o\ f] oBlk g]kfnL efiffdf n]lvPsf] rflxF nueu Ps ;o jif{ x'bF 5 } . o; ;o jif{ hltsf] cjlwdf g]kfnL Jofs/0fn] qmlds ljsf; u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;'?df cª\uh ]| d"nsf nueu bz hgf hltn] cª\uh ]| L efiffdf cª\uh ]| sd{rf/L, clkm;/, O;fO{ wd{ k|rf/s / ;}lgs clwsf/Lx?nfO{ g]kfnL efiff l;sfpg] pb\bZ] on] g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vs ] f lyP . To;kl5 kf/;dl0f k|wfgn] g]kfnL Jofs/0f / ef/tdf Jofs/l0fs :j¿k lgwf{/0fdf 7'nf] of]ubfg lbPsf 5g\ . x]d/fh kf08]sf] rlGb|sf Jofs/0fsf cfwf/df pgn] g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vs ] f lyP . o;kl5 pgsf Jofs/0fnfO{ d"n cfwf/ agfO w]/} Jofs/0f n]lvP . otf j}ofs/0fdf ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf l;4fGt / ;'qx?nfO{ d"n cfwf/ agfO g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]Vg] lzj/fh zdf{ x'g\ . cGo d'Vo Jofs/0fsf/df efOrGb k|wfg, /fhgf/fo0f k|wfg, hut 5]qL, 3gZofd g]kfn cflb d'Vo b]lvG5g\ . otfsf Jofs/0f n]vgsf d'Vo u/L b'O{ j6f cfwf/ b]lvG5g\– klxnf] ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf l;4fGt / ;'q tyf bf];f| ] cfw'lgs efiff lj1fg . h] g} xf];\ k| f oh;f] n] v sx?n] cfˆgf cl3Nnf lkF 9 Lsf Jofs/0fnfO{ cfwf/ agfPs} 5g\ . oxfFaf6 xfn;Dd kf/;dl0f k|wfgsf af¥x j6f afx]s afO;b]lv kRrL; j6f g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf k':ts k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . oL Jofs/0fsf k':tsdf ljleGg ljifodf a]nf–a]nf ljjfb / dtfGt/ b]vf kb{5 . Jofs/0fsf If]qdf o:tf ljjfb eO /xg' lhpFbf] efiffsf] k|df0f dflgG5 . oxfFaf6 g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vgsf] nfdf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 59

k/Dk/f eP tfklg g]kfnL ljifodf pRr cWoog ug]{ ljBfyL{ nufot cfd g]kfnL n]vsdf Jofs/l0fs sdhf]/L b]lvG5g\ . o;sf ljleGg sf/0f b]lvG5g\ / ltgsf] lg/fs/0f klg ug{ ;lsG5 . oBlk ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0f bfhL{lnªaf6 dfq k|sflzt ePsf]

b]lvG5 . ptf cf;fd, l;lSsdlt/af6 guGo k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . t/ klg ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] Oltxf; / k/Dk/f uf}/jzfnL 5 eg] o;sf] eljio klg pHhjn b]lvG5 .

k|d'v ;Gbe{ ;"rL rfdlnª, u'dfgl;+x -;g\ !(&*_, df}nf], bfhL{lnª M Zofd a|b;{ k|sfzg .

5]qL, cfgGb -;g\ @))%_, …g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] ef/tLo k/Dk/fÚ, ;Gwfg -!_ M k[= < 5]qL, /fhs'df/ -;g\ @))*_, …ef/tdf g]kfnL Jofs/0f n]vg k/Dk/f / bfhL{lnªaf6 k|sflzt g]kfnL Jofs/0fx?Ú g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTosf] ;d[l4df bfhL{lnªsf] of]ubfg -;Dkf= 8f /fwf zdf{_, bfhL{lnª M ;Gt hf];]ˆ;\ sn]h . k|wfg, kf/;dl0f -;g\ !((#_, l6kg 6fkg -bf]=;_, bfhL{lnª M 8f= kf/;dl0f k|sfzg . k|wfg, lzj -;Dkf= ;g\ !(*$_, 8f= kf/;dl0f k|wfg clegGbg u|Gy, ufGtf]s M ufGtf]s k|sfzg . of]~hg Kof;L, h; -;g\ !((%–(^_, …ef/tdf n]lvPsf g]kfnL Jofs/0f k/Dk/f / g]kfnL efifsf] Jofs/l0fs :j¿k lgwf{/0fdf logLx?sf] e"ldsfÚ g]kfnL csfbdL hg{n M pTt/ aª\u ljZjljBfno . zdf{, lzj/fh -<_, hf]/ ls lahf]/ <, bfhL{lnª M >L/fh k|sfzg . zdf{, lzj/fh -;g\ @))(_, g]kfnL j0f{dfnfsf j0f{x? / d]/f cGo n]v, bflh{lnª M >L/fh k|sfzg . zdf{, k'ikf -;g\ @))*_, efiff ;flxTo ljr/0f, l;lSsd M lgdf{0f k|sfzg . zdf{, ;'s'd -@)%^_, g]kfnL Jofs/0fsf] P]ltxfl;s ;j]{If0f, sf7df8f}F M jfªdo k|sfzg . ;Dkfbs d08nL -;g\ !((*_, 8f= kf/;dl0f k|wfg, sflnDkf]ª M g]kfnL ;f= c= ;ldlt . ;Dkfbs d08nL -;g\ @)!!_, g]kfnL n]vg z}nL, d};'/ M ef/tLo efiff ;+:yfg . ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 60

k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

;dfnf]rgf

;dfh ;fk]Iftfsf] b[li6n] …lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] syfÚ /fd s'df/ /fO{ !_ ljifo k|j]z @)$^ ;fnsf] hg cfGbf]ngn] k|hftGqsf] k'ga{xfnL u¥of] . b]zdf /fhg}lts / ;fdflhs kl/jt{gkl5 ul7t ;/sf/n] k|hftflGqs d"No, dfGotf, /fli6«o cfsfª\Iff / cfjZostfg'sn " sf] :t/Lo, ;do;fk]If pko'St kf7\oqmd / kf7\o k':ts tof/ ug]{ Wo]on] /fli6«o lzIff cfof]u @)$& kmfu'g !$ ut] u7g eof] . t];f| ] k6s k'gu{l7t pSt cfof]un] @)$( h]7 % ut] cfˆgf] k|ltj]bg k]; u¥of] . pSt cfof]usf] Tof] ;'emfa sfof{Gjog x'g gkfpFb} @)%$ a}zfv @ ut] ul7t pRr :t/Lo lzIff cfof]un] @)%% h]7 #! ut] a'emfPsf] k|ltj]bgsf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ lzIff dGqfno, kf7\ o qmd ljsf; s] G b| n ] ljb\ o fno :t/sf] kf7\oqmdsf] lgdf{0f / kf7\o k':ts k|sfzg u¥of] . o; ;DaGwdf kf7\o k':tssf] e"ldsfdf pNn]v 5 …/fli6«o lzIff cfof]u @)$( / pRr:t/Lo /fli6«o lzIff cfof]u @)%% sf] k|ltj]bgsf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ ljb\ofno :t/sf] kf7\o k':tsdf ;do ;fk]If kl/jt{g ul/Psf] 5 ->]i7 / cGo, @)%* M e"ldsf_ . of] kf7\o k':ts ;dofg';f/ kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] ;DaGwdf dfWolds kf7\oqmd @)%% n] …lzIffnfO{ hLjg ;fk]If u/fO{ /fli6«o k/Dk/f, ;+:s[lt Pjd\ ;fdflhs jftfj/0f tyf k|hftflGqs d"No / dfGotf;Fu kl/lrt ===Ú -dflzkf, @)%% M e"ldsf_ pNn]v u/]sf] 5 eg] g]kfnL lstfa sIff ( sf] @)^$ sf] kl/dfh{g cª\sdf …;dfhsf] cfjZostf, l;sf?sf] dfu, ;d;fdlos kl/jt{g tyf l;sfO k|ljlwsf] gjLgtf cflbsf cfwf/df ljb\ofno :t/sf kf7\o k':tsdf ;do ;fk]If kl/jt{g ul/G5Ú -g]kfk', @)^( M e"ldsf_ . o;/L ;do ;fk]If ¿kdf kl/jlt{t sIff (

sf] kf7\o k':tsdf kf7\o ;fdu|Lsf] ¿kdf …lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] syfÚ ;dflji6 ul/Psf] 5 . kf7\oqmdsf] ljwf juL{s/0fsf] qmddf sYffsf] pkljwf nf]s syf cGtu{t of] syf kf7\o k':tsdf ;dflji6 ePsf] kfOG5 . @= nf]s syfsf] af/]df kf7\oqmd kf7\o k':tsdf ;dfj]z ug]{ ljwfx?sf] ;Gbe{df dfWolds kf7\oqmd @)@*–#@ :ki6 ¿kdf af]ns ] f] 5 . To;n] syf ljwf cGtu{t pkljwfsf] ¿kdf nf]s, cfw'lgs, kf}/fl0fs / P]ltxfl;s syf kf7\o k':tsdf ;dfj]z ul/g] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} ljwfsf] If]q / qmdsf] :ki6Ls/0fdf nf]s syfsf] af/]df eg]sf] 5 …lnlvt ;|ft] ge]66\ fPsf, nf]sdf rNb} cfPsf ls+jbGtL ;d]t ldl;Psf syfx?nfO{ nf]s syfdf lnOPsf] 5Ú -dflzkf, @)@*–#@ M !(_ . o;nfO{ cem :ki6 kfb}{ n]lvPsf] 5 …nf]s syfn] ;fwf/0ftM b'O{ If]q c+ufn]sf x'G5g\ – vf; ;f+:s[lts dxTTj b]lvg] / gb]lvg] . cl3Nnf] lsl;dsf] If]qdf n]lvPsf syf ;f+:s[lts syf x'g\ . oxfF bz},F ltxf/ OGb|hfqf, la:s]6 hfqf, kmfu' h:tf /fli6«o hLjgsf /Llt l/jfhnfO{ lrgfpg] ljifosf ;f+:s[lts nf]s syfx?nfO{ lnOPsf] 5 .Ú plNnlvt cleJolStnfO{ s]nfP/ x]bf{ lzlz/ j;Gtsf] syf kl5Nnf] jf vf; ;f+:s[lts dxTTj gb]lvg] cGtu{t k5{ eGg ;lsG5 . #_ …lzlz/ / j;Gt syfÚsf] ljZn]if0f of] syfnfO{ kf7\o ;fdu|Lsf] ¿kdf ;dfj]z ubf{ @)%^ sf] kf7\oqmddf !^ cf}F qmddf /flvPsf]df kl/dflh{t ;+:s/0f @)^$ df bf];f| ] qmddf kf7\o k':tsdf :yfg lbOPsf] 5 . af]w ljqmd clwsf/L

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 61

-lj= ;+= !(%!–@))*_ åf/f lnlvt / bGTosyf -!((^_ syf ;ª\ux| df ;ª\slnt syf xf]– …lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] syfÚ . s_ ;dfh ;fk]Iftfsf] b[li6n] syfsf] ljifo j:t' ;|ft] ge]l6Psf] t/ nf]sdf k|rlnt, ls+jbGtL ldl;|t syf xf] eGg] ;Gbe{ dfly g} pNn]v ul/ ;lsPsf] 5 . kf7\o k':tsdf yk ;fdu|Lsf] ¿kdf rf/ j6f k|Zg k|:t't u/L To;sf cGTodf kfFr j6f k|Zgsf qmddf– dfof eg]sf] xf] < o;sf] cefjdf hLjgn] s:tf] df]8 lnG5 < o;n] dflg;sf] hLjgdf s:tf] e"ldsf n]vs ] f] x'G5 < eGg] k|Zgsf] lgrf]8df lzlz/ j;Gt s?0f syfaf6 oL ;a} k|Zgsf] /fd|f] pTt/ kfpg ;lsG5 egL syfsf] ljifo j:t'sf] af/]df vf]n'jf ul/Psf] 5 . vf]n'jf cg';f/ dfof eg]sf] cTofjZos j:t' jf hLjgsf] ;f/ xf], o;sf] cefjdf hLjg lg:;f/ / lg/y{s aG5 / dfofn] g} hLjgdf ;fy{stf k|bfg ub{5, hLjg afFRg nfossf] /xG5 / To;df v';LofnL NofpF5 eGg] ;f/ lgsfNg ;lsG5 . syfn] k|If]k0f ug{ vf]hs ] f] ljifosf] ;f/nfO{ plrt} dfGg ;lsPnf t/ syfsf] ljsf; qmddf hf]l8g cfPsf Psfb]zsf] k|tfkL /fhf, /fgL;Fusf] k|uf9 k|d ] , eFu/] f eFu/] L, To;sf] aRrf / ;f}t]gL cfdfsf] qm"/ Jojxf/sf] k|;ª\u, To;af6 kLl8t / lrlGtt /fgLsf] d[To', /fhfn] csL{ /fgL Nofpg', csL{ /fgLsf] ;f}tn ] f] Jojxf/sf sf/0f /fhs'df/x? b/af/ lgsfnf, efOnfO{ /ftdf PSn} hª\undf 5f8]/ lg:sg', /fte/df klg k'Ug g;lsg] 7fpFdf lknlkn cfuf] an]sf] b]Vg', /fhs'df/ PSsf;L 7'nf] ;x/df k'Ug', crfgs xfTtLn] prfn]/ b/af/ nUg', ;'gsf] 38fn] cleif]s u/L ub\bLdf /fVg', /fgLsf] gfsaf6 eoª\s/ sfnf] gfu lg:sg', k|To]s /ft /fhfnfO{ dfg]{ gfu dfl/g', b/af/df xiff]N{ nf; / v'l;ofnL dgfOg' . hª\undf g} /ft latfP/ bfh'sf] vf]hLdf lg:s]sf j;Gt klg ;x/ k'Ug', k;n]n] wd{k'q agfpg', k;n]sf] ;Gtfg x'g,' Jofkfl/s Jojxf/af6 jfSs ePsf] j;Gt Ps lbg ToxfFaf6 lg:s]/ hª\un uO{ lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] uLt ufpg', cs}{ b]zsf /fhf ToxfF k'Ug', j;GtnfO{ lnP/ b/af/ hfg' / 5f]/Lsf] lax] ul/ lbg', j;Gt /fhs'df/L lnP/ k;n]sf] 3/ kms{g,' cfˆgL >LdtLnfO{ ;]7fgLsf] lglDt ;';f/]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 62

k|1f–ultljlw

NofPsf] eGg', 5fnfsf] wf]qmf]df j;GtnfO{ xfn]/ vf]nfdf aufpg', /fhs'df/LnfO{ lzlz/ sxfF nu]/ r9fpg', To; o'jtLnfO{ cfˆgf x/fPsf] efO;Fu lax] ul/ lbg] ;kgf b]Vg' / j;Gtsf] vf]hL k|f/De x'g' . gbLdf aufOPsf j;Gt dfemLx?åf/f p4f/ ul/P/ Pp6f dfemLsf] wd{kq' aGg k'Ug', …/fhfn] lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] syf eGg] dfG5] vf]hs ] f] 5Ú eGg] xNnf km}ng' t/ j;GtnfO{ d ltd|f] efO x'F eGg] cfF6 gx'g', cGTodf j;Gt b/af/ k'u]/ yf]/ ax't lzlz/ j;Gtsf] syf hfg]sf] hfgsf/L lbg', j;Gtn] syf eGg', syf ;'g/] lzlz/ oxL xf] d]/f] efO eGg] lgisif{df k'Ug', lzlz/ j;Gt ldn]/ /fhf, dGqL eO{ cfgGb;fy a:g' ;fx|} ckTofl/nf syfgssf TofGb|fx? x'g\ . @)$^ sf] hg cfGbf]ngn] NofPsf] /fhg}lts kl/jt{g / To; k[i7e"lddf kl/jlt{t ;dofg'sn ' lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ ul7t /fli6«o lzIff cfof]u @)$( / @)%% sf] pRr :t/Lo cfof]un] k|:t't u/]sf] l;kmfl/;df ;dofg'sn ' egL lgld{t kf7\oqmd / ;f]xL cg';f/sf] kf7\o k':tsdf ;dflji6 syf xf]– lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] syf . v_ ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts / cfly{s b[li6n] ck|f;ª\lus ;fdflhs b[ l i6n] t of] syf ;do ;dfh÷;fk]If xf]Og, ck|f;ª\lus syf xf] . b]zsf] b'ud{ s'gfsfKrf xf]Og, /fhb/af/;Fu} dxn hf]l8Psf sf7df8f}s F f hgtf / ljb\ofyL{n] t hfGg, a'‰g / glhsaf6 cg'ej ug{ gkfPsf b/af/, /fhf, /fgL / o'j/fhx?sf] jf:tljstf xf] eg] ;|ft] g} gv'ns ] f] o; nf]s syfsf] k9fOaf6 ljb\ofyL{n] s] hfgsf/L, 1fg lng] jf ;dfhnfO{ To;n] s] lbg] < o; k|sf/sf] lzIffsf] dfWodaf6 ljb\ofyL{sf] dl:tisdf Ps gofF ltn:dL b'lgofF v8f eP/ /xG5, h;n] jf:tljs ;+;f/sf] ;d:ofaf6 ljd'v agfpF5, aGg] cEof; u/fpF 5 . ljb\ o fyL{ x ?nfO{ cfˆgf ;f+ : s[ l ts la/f;tsf] ;fFrf]df 9fNg], 9nfpg], afFRg] / arfpg] tyf ldysLo cfVofgdf pgLx?sf] anL r9fpg] sfo{ / r]:6f Ps efUojfbL dfgl;stfaf6 g} pTkGg x'G5 -s'df/, ;g\ !((& M (@_ . lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] jt{dfg ljZjdf o; k|sf/sf] :j}/sNkgfTds p8Gt] syfsf] k9fO s]jn k9fO 7xl/G5 . syfn] xfd|f]

;dfhsf] ;f}t]gL cfdfsf] b'R5/sf/L Jojxf/sf] pb\3f6g ug{ vf]hs ] f] 5 . of] xfd|f] ;dfhsf] Pp6f cFWof/f] kf6f] xf] . To:t} t?gL :jf:gL kfpFbf cfˆg} ;Gtfg k|lt Pp6f hf]Ol6ª\u]| nf]Ug] dfG5]n] ug]{ lgb{oL / cdfgjLo sfo{sf] kf6f] klg syfn] phfu/ u/]sf] 5, of];DdnfO{ l7s} dfGg' kb{5 t/ o;nfO{ b/af/;Fu hf]8s ] f] 5 . ;Ttf / zlStsf nflu bfO / efO, nf]Ug] / :jf:gL, afa' jf 5f]/fsf] xTof;Dd tyf ;of}F, xhf/f}Fsf] sf6df/ x'g] b/af/sf] oyfy{ a'em]sf xfdLnfO{ Pp6f ;f}tn ] f] Jojxf/ cfZro{ nfUbf] x'g' kg]{ sf/0f g} 5}g . o;nfO{ b[i6fGtsf] ¿kdf klg ;dfh;Fu hf]8g\ ;fGble{s b]lvFbg} . /fhg}lts b[li6n] klg of] syfsf] ;Gbe{ ;dfKt eO ;s]sf] 5 . s'g} sfnv08df /fhfsf] g]tT[ Tjsf] clw/fHo lyof] of] b]z . @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ng kl5 klg ;+jw} flgs /fhtGqsf] ;Demf}tf lyof], of] ;a}n] :jLsfg'{ kg]{ kIf lyof] . @)%* sf] b/af/ xTofsf08 tyf @)^@÷^# sf] hg cfGbf]ngkl5 /fh b/af/, /fh kl/jf/, /fhf, /fgL, o'j/fh cflbsf] ;Gbe{ k"0f{ ¿kdf ;dfKt eO ;s]sf] kl/k|I] odf c;fGble{s x'g' kg]{ t/ To;}sf] :d/0f u/fpg] kf7\o j:t' kf7\oqmddf ;dfj]z ug's { f] cf}lrTo s]xL 5 / < ToxL /fhtGq, b/af/nfO{ zf]ifs, ;fdGtsf] k|tLs dfgL To;sf] cGTosf nflu aiff}{ ;ª\3if{ eof], s}of}F ;k'tx?n] alnbfg u/] t/ ha To;sf] ;dfkg eof] ta km]l/ To;}sf] cjz]if emNsfpg] kf7\o ;fdu|L ;dfj]z u/]/ xfdL kl/jt{g jf ;dfh ;fk]Iftfsf] s:tf] gd'gf k|:t't ug{ rfxG5f}F < b/af/, /fhf, /fgL, o'j/fh cjr]tgfdf st} xfd|f] ;f+:s[lts la/f;t ag]sf] t 5}g < /fhgLltdf ;fdGtjfbsf] lj?4df eP klg ;fdflhs ;Gbe{df To;sf] ;dy{s aGg k'Ug' lj8Dagf xf] . xfd|f] ;fdflhs cfly{s ;Gbe{df klg of] syf cg'ko'St / c;fGble{s 5 . ufF;, af; / skf;sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g;s] s f em' q } e mfd| ] / emf]k8Laf;Lsf] afx'Notf /x]sf] xfd|f] b]z / ;dfhdf cfln;fg dxn / P]; cf/fdo'St b/af/sf] syf Ps k|sf/sf] Joª\Uo xf]Og / < To;} t bfOhf] -wg ;DklTt_ gNofPsf] bf]ifdf a;]g{ L s}of}F dlxnfn] cª\u eª\u x'g' kg],{ cfuf]df hNg' kg],{ Hofg u'dfpg' kg]{ xfd|f] ;dfhdf /fhfn]

g} 5f]/Lsf] ljjfxkl5 wg bf}nt / dfntfn lbP/ nfjfn:s/ ;lxt 5f]/LnfO{ ljbf ug]{ syfn] s:tf] ;Gb]z k|jfx unf{ < ;fdGtL clttaf6 k}bf ePsf o:tf s'ky| fo'St syfnfO{ xfdL kf7\o k':tsdf To;df klg hLjgsf ;a}eGbf ;Dj]bgzLn dflgg] pd]/sf ljb\ofyL{n] k9\g] sIffdf lsg ;dfj]z ub{5f}F < of] Hofb} ;f]rgLo kIf xf]Og / < tfdemfd, cf8Da/ / dxFuf] ljjfxsf] lj?4df ;dfhdf clxn] h'g k|sf/sf] hfu?stf / ;r]ttf cleofg k|f/De ePsf] 5 To;sf] ;Gbe{df j;Gtsf] ljjfx Joª\Uo xf]Og / < u_ ljb\ofyL{sf] ?lr, :t/ / lzIffsf b[li6df sIff ( / !) df k9\g] ljb\ofyL{x?sf] pd]/ g} To:tf] x'G5, …h'g a]nf 3fd b]Vof] 3fd} /fd|f] h'g b]Vof] h'g g} /fd|fÚ] cyf{t\ sNkgfsf] ;+;f/ ;a}eGbf /fd|f] / efjgfsf] uLt ;a}eGbf ld7f] . o:tf] pd]/df cltdfgjLo tTTjo'St k|]d, ;fx;, /f]dfGrk"0f{ hf;';L, ltn:dL syfx? ?lrk"0f{ x'G5g\ . k|:t't syf klg log} k|jl[ Tto'St ePsf] x'bF f pd]/ tTTjsf] sf/0f c¿lrk"0f{ kSs} 7xl/Gg, xfdL ;a}n] :jLsfg{' kg]{ kIf xf] of] . ?rfpF5g\ eGb}df o; k|sf/sf ljifo j:t' k9fpg' xfd|f] cfˆg} d'vt{ f l;jfo s]xL x'bF g} . ;fFemdf …slnnf ;'sd ' f/ afnsÚ -g]kfnL (, k[= !%_ eg]/ ;Daf]wg ul/Psf lzlz/ hª\unaf6 /fte/ lxF8/] laxfg ;x/ k'Ubf hjfg x'g,' slt j6f klt lat]sf /fgL;Fu ljjfx x'g,' /fgLsf] ¿k / of}jg b]v/] 5Ss kg'{ -g]kfnL (, k[= !^_, /fgL klg To:tf] /fd|f] k'?ifnfO{ kltsf] ¿kdf kfpFbf bª\u kl/g\ -g]kfnL (, k[= !^_ /fgLsf] ¿k b]v/] df]lxt x'g' -g]kfnL (, k[= !&_, /fgLsf] gfsaf6 ;fgf] wfuf] h:t} lg:s]sf] j:t' sfnf] gfudf kl/0ft x'g,' bfh'åf/f hª\undf 5f]l8Psf j;Gt hgjf/sf 5;|fs 5';s '| af6 tl;{P/ ?g' t/ hgfj/n] s]xL gug',{ hª\unaf6 lg:sgf;fy ;x/ k'Ug', Jofkf/Låf/f wd{kq' agfOg', s]xL ;dokl5 Jofkf/Lsf] Jojxf/af6 Hofb} lbUbf/ x'g' / hª\undf uP/ lzlz/ j;Gtsf] uLt ufpg', ToxL hª\undf csf]{ b]zsf] /fhf l;sf/df cfpg' / j;GtnfO{ b]Vgf;fy sf]xL /fhs'df/ xf] eGg] 7DofOF xfNg', cfˆgL 5f]/Lsf] ljjfx ul/ lbg' / /fh s'df/LnfO{ s;}sf] 3/df

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 63

k7fOg', /fhfsf] HjfOF ePsf] JolSt Pp6f Jofkf/L ;fd' n';S' s kg'{ / 5fnfsf] wf]qmf]df xflnP/ gbLdf aufO dfUg' t/ To;/L aUbf klg s]xL gx'g' h:tf :j}/slNkt jf ckTofl/nf 36gf qmdo'St syf cfhsf] lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] o'udf sIff ( df k9\g] ljb\ofyL{sf] :t/ ;'xfpFbf] 5 of 5}g < 7G8f lbdfun] Ps k6s ;f]Rg} kb{5 . xfd|f] kf7\oqmdn] lgb]z { u/]sf] 5 nf]s syf, kf}/fl0fs syf k9fpg] eg]/ . nueu xfd|f ;a} kf7\o k':tsx?df kf}/fl0fs gfos gflosfsf rl/q syf 5 . /fd, s[i0f, ;'bdf, ;fljqL, w|j' cflbsf sxfgL xfd|f ;f+:s[lts cª\u x'g,\ o;nfO{ sf]xL c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sb}g . oxfF of] klg ;Dej 5 ls of] xfd|f] ;fd'lxs cjr]tgsf] cª\u xf], h:tf] ls cg]s ldys k|d ] L ;f]Rb5g\ t/ o; cfwf/df of] dfGg ;lsFbg} ls xfdL oL sxfgLsf rl/qsf] ;[li6 / g}ltstfnfO{ ;fb/ :jLsf/ u/L cfˆgf afn aRrfsf] eljio To;}nfO{ ;'lDk lbg] < ljz'4 ;+:s[lt s]xL xFb' g} , wd{ / k|sl[ t k|d ] klg xf]Og tyflk /fhgLlt / ;dfh Joj:yf, sNkgf / rl/qdf k|efj kfb{5 . /fd, s[i0f / b'ZoGt hlt g} dxfg\ lsg gxf]pmg\, cGTodf tL ;a} To; Joj:yfsf cª\u lyP h;df /fhfsf hLjg, hGd, ljjfx / d/0f pgLx?sf clt ljlzi6 ;fdflhs l:yltsf] kl/rfos g} lyP -s'df/, ;g\ !((& M (@_ . lzIff ;kmn hLjg ofkgsf] cfwf/ xf] / To:tf] lzIff snf Joj:yfdf cfwfl/t x'g' kb{5 t/ o; k|sf/sf] lzIff Joj:yf g xfd|f] ljb\ofno :t/df 5 g ljZjljb\ofnodf . xfd|f ljb\ofnodf lbO /x]sf lzIffn] ls t cjr]tgsf] wd{, ;+:s[lttkm{ 8f]¥ofpF5 ls t ;To, hLjg, cfˆgf ;fdflhs oyfy{, cfˆgf kl/j]z / kof{j/0faf6 efUg dfq l;sfpF5 . $_ syfsf] pb\bZ] o÷;Gb]zsf] b[li6df eft[Tj k|d ] sf] ;antf / dxTTj k|:t't ug]{ Wo]on] ljj]Ro syf kf7\o k':tsdf /flvPsf] k|l:6G5 . …zq'sf] d'v x]g{] eP bfh'efOnfO{ x]gÚ{' eGg] pvfg k|rlnt /x]sf] xfd|f] ;dfh tyf ;Ttf / zlSt k|flKtsf nflu dfly -#=s_ df k|:t't b/afl/of rl/qsf] ;Gbe{af6 of] syf pb\bZ] ofg';f/ slt v/f] plqPsf] 5, ljj]rgfsf] kIf xf] . k|:t't

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 64

k|1f–ultljlw

syfdf klg hª\undf 5f]8s ] f] afns efOnfO{ /fhf x'gf;fy lzlz/n] ;lDemPsf] 5}g, k/d\ ;'Gb/L o'jtL -j;GtsL kTgL_ nfO{ b]v]kl5 dfq ;lDemPsf] b]vfOPsf] 5 . o;/L lzlz/nfO{ PSsf;L …;lDemg' / dfof nfUg'Ú klg ljj]rgfsf] ljifo x'g ;S5 . ljj]Ro syfn] kf7\o k':tsdf :yfg kfpg'sf] d'Vo sf/0f xfd|f] ;dfhdf ljb\odfg ;f}tg] L l/; /fu, Jojxf/ / To;n] lgDTofpg] b'36{ gfx? x'g\ . ;f}tg] L s'Jojxf/n] xfd|f] ;dfhnfO{ g/fd|f; ] uF ufFhs ] } xf] / To;n] b'/ufdL k|efj kf/]s} xf] t/ sl/asf] k|ltztdf /x]sf ;f}tg] L cfdfsf] qm"/ b[li6 aa{/tf / Jojxf/nfO{ lnP/ c;n, lhDd]jf/ / pbfx/0fLo ;f}tg] L cfdfsf] ddtfnfO{ klxnf] bhf{s} 6f]s/Ldf /fv]/ x]l/g' x'G5 ls x'bF g} < csf]{ s'/f ;f}tg] L cfdfaf6 dfq o:tf] Jojxf/ x'g] u/]sf] xf] / < ;f}tn ] f] afa'af6 klg o:tf] Jojxf/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o;tkm{ cfFvf lrDn]/ ;f}tg] L cfdfnfO{ dfq cf}n + f 78\ofpg' ;fob Gofo x'Fb}g ls < km]l/ oL b'a} k|sf/sf ;f}t]nf]– ;f}tg] L Jojxf/ Joxf]g,{] ef]Ug] ljb\ofyL{x? b]ze/sf ljb\ofnodf slt cWoog/t xf]nfg\ . o; k|sf/sf] kf7\o j:t'n] ltgLx?sf] dgf]lj1fgdf s:tf] k|efj kfnf{ < h:t} Ps;fy k9\g] …sÚ / …vÚ eGg] ljb\ofyL{ ;f}t]gL kl/j]zsf 5g\ . To;df s v/fa / v c;n Jojxf/ ef]Ug] leq kb{5 . of] kf7sf] lzIf0fkl5 …sÚ df ;f}tg] L cfdfk|lt 3[0ff hfu]/ cfof] / …vÚ sf] dl:tisdf ;a} ;f}tg] L cfdf syfsf] kfq eFu/] L, sfG5L /fgL jf …sÚ sL ;f}tg] L cfdf h:t} x'G5 eGg] k|efj k¥of] eg] To; a]nf syfsf] ck]lIft pb\bZ] o s] x'G5 < of] ;f]rgLo kIf xf] . o;sf] cy{ xfd|f] ;dfhdf ljb\odfg v/fa / cdfgjLo ;f}tn ] f]÷;f}tg] L k/Dk/fn] k|>o kfpg' k5{ eGg] rflxF kSs} xf]Og . syfsf] ck]lIft pb\bZ] o eg]sf] hf]Ol6ª\u]| nf]Ug] dfG5]sf] unt lg0f{osf] sf/0f ;Gtfgn] ef]Ug' kg]{ b'bz { fsf] cleJolSt klg xf] . nf]Ug] jf :jf:gLsf] c;fdlos lgwg dflg;sf] kxFr ' eGbf k/sf] s'/f xf] . To:tf] l:yltdf :jf:gL dfG5]sf nflu k/Dkl/t lxGb' ;dfhdf nueu k|ltaGw g} 5 eg] k'?ifsf] lglDt pbf/ 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf csf]{ ljjfx gfhfoh klg 7xl/Gg t/ csf]{ ljjfxkl5 ¿kjtL, ;'Gb/L, t?gL :jf:gLsf] axsfjdf, df]x hfndf k/]/ sltko

nfUg]dfG5] cGwf] / hf]Ol6ª\u,]| ljj]sxLg aGg k'ud ] f k"j{ kTgLtkm{sf ;Gtfgx? afa'sf] gfnfosL, ljj]sxLg / ;f}tg] L cfdfsf] 5'b| Jojxf/sf] l;sf/ x'g k'U5g\ . hGd lbg] afa' / sd{ lbG5' eGg] cfdfsf] o; k|sf/sf sfo{ kSs} klg lgGbgLo, b08gLo / cIfDo 5 t/ dfly ;f}tn ] f]÷;f}tg] L Jojxf/sf qmddf pNn]v u/] em}F Pp6f ljj]szLn, ddtfjfg\ lhDd]jf/ / pbfx/0fLo afa'nfO{ Pp6f hf]Ol6ª\u,]| u}/lhDd]jf/, gfnfosL / ljj]sxLg afa's} 6f]s/Ldf /fVg k'luof] eg] s] x'G5 < of] klg ljZn]if0fsf] ;f]rgLo kf6f] xf] . oL / o:tf ljZn]if0fsf kf6fx? w]/} 5g\, h;n] b'/b[li6 gk'¥ofOF s]an ;f+:s[lts w/f]x/ yfDg] gfddf ;dfj]z ul/Psf kf7\o ljifo j:t'n] ljb\ofyL{nfO{ lzIff lbb}g a? c¿ dfgl;s ;d:ofsf] e"d/Ldf ws]Ng ;S5 . o; 5f]6f] n]vfOdf c6fpg g;Sg] ljj]rgfsf o:tf kf6fx? s]nfpg' h?/L 5 .

ljb\ofnoLo sIff Joj:yfsf] cfwf/ xf] . kf7\o k':tss} cfwf/df k|bfg ul/g] lzIff k|0ffnLdfkm{t\ g} xfdL ljb\ofyL{nfO{ cfˆgf ;dfh, kl/j]z, efiff, ;+ : sf/–;+ : s[ l tsf] 1fg k| b fg ub} { c;n hLjgofkgsf] dfu{ vf]Ng] ljZjf; ub{5f}F . To;}n] kf7\o k':tsdf ;dfj]z ul/g] s'g} klg ;fdu|Ln] ljb\ofyL{ / p;sf] ;dfhnfO{ kfg]{ b'/fltb'/ k|efjsf] af/]df /fd|/L ljZn]if0f u/]/ dfq 5gf]6 ul/g' pko'St x'G5 . …lzlz/ / j;Gtsf] syfÚsf] plNnlvt kIfx?sf] ljZn]if0fkl5 ;dfh ;fk]Iftfsf] b[li6n] kf7\o k':tsdf ;dfj]z ug'{ Tolt pko'St b]lvFbg} . dfWoldssfnLg g]kfnL syfsf] k|jl[ Tt To;} klg ;fdflhs oyfy{eGbf dgf]/Ghs, sfNklgs, ldysLo, c;Dej dfgjLo kIfsf] pb\3f6g xf] / of] syf o;} cGtu{t kb{5 . t;y{ jt{dfg g]kfnsf] ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts, cfly{s kl/j]z Pjd\ ljb\ofyL{sf] ?lr, :t/ / kf7\o k':tsdf ;dfj]z ul/g'sf] pb\bZ] o ;a} b[li6n] cg'ko'St jf %= lgisif{ lg/k]If b]lvPsf] ljj]Ro syf kf7\o k':tsaf6 oyfzL3| xfd|f ljb\ofnoLo kf7\o k':tsx? xfd|f] x6fpg pko'St b]lvG5 . ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L ;"rL s'df/, s[i0f -;g\ !((&_, /fh ;dfh cf}/ lzIff, k6gf M lbNnL k':ts ;bg . dfWolds lzIff kf7\oqmd -@)^$_, eStk'/ M lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfno . g]kfn ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno -@)^(_, g]kfnL -sIff (_, k'gd'b{ 0| f, eStk'/ M hgs lzIff ;fdu|L s]Gb| ln= >]i7, bof/fd / cGo -@)%*_, g]kfnL -sIff (_, ;+= t];|f], eStk'/ M lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfno . >L % sf] ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno, …/fli6«o lzIff cfof]usf] k|ltj]bg @)%%Ú, kf=lj=s] . >L % sf] ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno -@)#)_, dfWolds lzIff kf7\oqmd ;+= låtLo, sf7df8f}F M kf=lj=s] . >L % sf] ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno, …/fli6«o lzIff kb\wltÚ @)@*–#@ ;Ddsf] of]hgf . >L % sf] ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno -@)%%_, dfWolds lzIff kf7\oqmd -sIff ( / !) efu –!_, eStk'/ M kf=lj=s] . >L % sf] ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno, …pRr:t/Lo /fli6«o lzIff cfof]usf] k|ltj]bg @)%*Ú, eStk'/ M kf=lj=s] .s ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 65

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;dfnf]rgf

pTt/ cfw'lgs lrGtgdf cfw'lgs bz{g / lj1fgsf] lj/f]w Ps rrf{ zf/bf k|;fb bfxfn xfdL afFrs ] f] o'u, hut\ / hLjgk|lt xfdL Tolt ax; ug{ ?rfpFbg} f}F . oyf{ydf eGg] xf] eg] hLjg / hutsf k|lt xfd|f] ;Lldt b[li6sf]0f / 1fg 5 . oxL ;Lldt 1fg / sdhf]/ af}l4s :t/sf sf/0fn] xfd|f] a'emfO cNk / cw'/f] g} x'G5 . oBlk oL s'/f ga'em] klg oyf{ydf xfdL s'g} g s'g} sfn v08df afFlr /x]s} x'G5f}F . ;dosf] sfn v08nfO{ o'u eGg] u/]sf 5f}F / o:tf sfn v08nfO{ xfdLn] d"ntM ljrf/sf cfwf/df ljleGg o'udf ljefhg ug]{ u/]sf 5f}F . oxL o'u ljefhgsf] qmddf clxn] oxfF xfd|f] rrf{sf] ljifo 5, pTt/ cfw'lgstf . pTt/ cfw'lgstf clxn] xfdL ;a} afFrs ] f] o'u xf] . o; o'usf d'Vo l8hfOg stf{x? x'g\ Nof]tf/, 8]l/8f / km'sf] . x'g t xfdL j}rfl/s lx;fan] ljutdf ;fq{;uF cl:tTjzLn eP/, sfd';uF lj;ª\ult af]w u/]/, k|mfo8;Fu of}gjfbL eP/ klg afFr]s} xf}F . …xfdL hutdf ˆofFlsPsf 5f},F xfdL :jtGq x'gaf6 jlGrt 5f},F d]/f] cl:tTj 5, To;}n] d ;f]Rt5' -I exist, therefore, I think_, cl:tTj kl5 dfq ;f/tTTj cfpF5, xfdL lg/y{s / lj;ª\ut hLjg afFlr /x]sf 5f},F xfdL cfp6;fO8/ 5f}ÚF cflb ;f7Lsf] bzs;Dd cl:tTjjfbLx? / lj;ª\ultjfbLx?n] xfdLnfO{ /6fPsf x'g\ oL ;'qx? . oL ;'qx? lgdf{0f ug] { qmddf ;fq{ n ] ljzfn u| G y Being and Nothingness , sfd'n] The Myth of Sysiphus, xfO8] u /n] Being and time h:tf s[ l tx?sf] dfWodaf6 dfgjLo cl:tTj, hLjgsf] oyfy{tf, hutk|ltsf] b[li6sf]0f, O{Zj/sf] cl:tTj ;DaGwdf ljutdf :yflkt ljrf/x?nfO{ r'gf}tL lbg] sf]l;; u/]sf x'g\ . t/ ;f7Lsf] bzskl5 cl:tTjjfbL dfGotfx?nfO{ dfq xf] O g, cfw' l gs sfnsf bfz{lgsx? 8]sf6],{ sfG6 / lxu]nsf bz{g ;DaGwL

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 66

k|1f–ultljlw

dfGotfx?sf] hunfO{ ;d]t xNnfP Nof]tf/, 8]l/8f / km'sf]n] . cem cufl8 uP/ eGg] xf] eg] pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] xfjfn] ;dfhsf cGo ljwfx?sf ;fy} bz{g h:tf] bl/nf] ljifo klg c5't' /xg ;s]g . pTt/ cfw'lgstfn] ;+:yfkg / cfwf/jfbsf ;a} ljrf/, b[li6sf]0f / dfGotfnfO{ PsPs u/]/ cfqmd0f u/]sf] 5 . pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] d"N" o / dfGotf s] xf] eGg] ;Gbe{nfO{ o;sf ljz]iftfx?n] :ki6 ug{ ;S5 . pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf ljz]iftfx?nfO{ lgDg ¿kdf k|:t''t ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

• ;fk]Iftf -Relativity _ • efiffzf:q ;DaGwL ljz]iftf -Linguisticism_ • tTTj dLdf+;fTds coyfy{jfb -Ontological Ireralism_ • lg0f{ o fTds cljj] s jfb -Judgemental irrationalism_ • ;Dk"0" f{tfsf] cefj -Lack of totality_ • ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] cefj -Lack of universality_ • :jtGqtfsf] cjwf/0ffsf] cefj -Lack of conception emanicipation_ pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf oL dflysf ljz]iftfx?nfO{ ;+lIfKt ¿kdf rrf{ ubf{ d"n " tM klxn] ;fk]Iftfs} s'/' f cfpF5 . pTt/ cfw'l' gstfdf ;fk]Iftfsf] cy{df d""ntM ;Qf dLdf+;fTds oyfy{jfb -Ontological realism_, jf:tljs ;+;f/k|lt k|lta4tf, j/0f ljj]stf h:tf s'/' f ule{t /x]sf] kfOG5 . To:t} eflifs kIf pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] csf]{ ljz]iftf xf] . pTt/ cfw'lgs ljrf/s Nof]tf/n] pTt/ cfw'l' gs ;dfhnfO{ eflifs ljdz{df cfwfl/t dfg]sf 5g\ . pgL j[tfGtx? / lj1fgdf h'g' ;DaGw x'G' 5 Tof] jf:tjdf efiffsf] v] n -Language Game _

dfGb5g\ . pgsf ljrf/df efiffn] dflg;sf lardf ;fdflhs ;DaGw sfod u/fpg] dfq geP/ o;n] 1fgsf] j}wtfnfO{ klg k|efljt kfb{5 . To;}n] pTt/ cfw'l' gstfn] eflifs–ljdz{nfO{ oyfy{ a'‰' g] dfWodsf] ¿kdf dxTTj lbPsf] 5 . To:t} tTTj dLdf+;Lo coyfy{jfb pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] csf]{ k|dv ' ljz]iftf xf] . jf:tljstf xf] eGg] ljifonfO{ c:jLsf/ ug'{' g} tTTj dLdf+;Lo coyfy{tf xf] . pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf ljz]iftfdf clg0f{ofTds cljj]sjfb klg cfpF5 . j:t''tM cf:yfsf] cfwf/df s''g} klg s''/fnfO{ /fd|f] jf v/fj egL lg0f{o lbg] k|jl[ QnfO{ lgif]w ug'{' pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] ljz]iftf xf] . To:t} pTt/ cfw'l' gstfn] ;Dk""0f{tfnfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{g . o;n] ;Dk""0f{tfsf] 7fpF d f vl08ttfdf hf] 8 lbG5 . o;} u /L ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ lgif]w ug'{' klg pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] ljz] i ftf xf] . pTt/ cfw' ' l gs ljrf/sx?sf ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] cfwf/af6 ljZjsf] s'' g} klg ;j{Jofks kl/efiff lbg ;Dej gx''g] dfGotf /fVb5g\ . pTt/ cfw' ' l gstfsf ljz] i ftfdWo] :jtGqtfsf] cjwf/0ffsf] cefj klg xf] . pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] bz{g, d"No / dfGotfx? jh{gfxLg 5 lsgeg] o;sf] ljrf/ bz{g km/flsnf] / pbf/ 5 . pTt/ cfw'lgstfn] JolSt of ;fdflhs PsfOx?sf] :jtGqtfsf] kIfdf ts{ ug]{ x'bF f o;n] lj/f]w ub{5 . ;du| k|jl[ Q -Wholistic Attitude_ sf] lj/f]w ub{5 . ;dfhdf ax'ntf / ax'sG] b| o;sf] csf]{ ljz]iftf xf] . 1fg / lj1fgsf] If]qdf lxhf];Dd xfdLn] ;To dfg]sf] s'/' f pTt/ cfw'lgs b[li6df tL ;To /x]gg\ . 1fg ;fj{ef}d /x]g, ;To ;fj{ef}d /x]g, oL b'j} Ifl0fs / ;fk]lIfs x'g uP . To;}n] ljutsf ;a} ljZjf; / dfGotfx?nfO{ dfq xf]Og lj1fg;DdnfO{ Nof]tf/ dxf–cfVofg -Meta – Narrative_ eGg k'u] . ljutsf ;a} 1fgsf If]qx? e|d dfq x'g,\ oL ;a} v]n x'g\ / hut\ oyfy{ xf]Og eg]/ dfGg] logLx?sf ljrf/x? cª\uh ]| bfz{lgs Bradley sf] cfefif - Appearence_ / zª\s/frfo{sf] cå}t j]bfGtdf k|ltkflbt hut\ dfof xf] eGg] bz{g;Fu stfstf ;dfgtf /fVg uPsf] h:tf] klg b]lvG5 . pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf ;DaGwdf kfpnf]; df/ u|]uf]l/cf]; eGb5g\ ls …of] Pp6f ljrf/wf/f of

nIo s]lGb|t of lgod cg'zfl;t cfGbf]ng geP/ klZrdL dfgjtfjfbsf] b'bz { fsf] l:ylt xf] . o;n] nIo, lgod, ;/n /]vf tyf ;fwf/0f ljrf/x?df ljrf/ ub}{g . of] cfw'lgs kfZrfTo dfgjjfbsf] b'bz { fsf] l:ylt xf] . o;n] s'g} nIo lgod / ;fwf/0f ljrf/x? dfly s'g} lrGtg g} ub}g{ . of] cfw'lgs kfZrfTo dfgjjfbsf] cu| -Avant Garde_ r]tgfsf] Pp6f l:ylt xf] . o;df dfg; b'vL 5 . cfTdf si6df 5 / ;dosf] k|jfxdf Pp6f lr/f cfpg] Joyf 5 . of] Pp6f o:tf] hl6n l:ylt xf] h'g cfw'lgstfsf] d"n cGtZr]tgfaf6 lglSnPsf] xf] .Ú cfw'lgstf / pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] ;LdfnfO{ /]vfª\sg ug{ Tolt ;xh gePsf] s'/f k|l;4 Oltxf;sf/ cf/gf]N8 6f]ofGjL cf}N+ ofpF5g\ . pgsf ljrf/df …ha dflg;x? s}of}F cy{df cfˆgf] hLjg ljrf/ Pjd\ efjgfx?df ckfnf]lnog tfls{stf Pjd\ ;ª\ultnfO{ 5f8]/ 8fof]lgl;og ctfls{stf Pjd\ c;ª\ultx?nfO{ ckgfpg yfn] Tolt a]nfb]lv g} pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] r]tgf hfu[t ePsf] xf] .Ú pgsf cg';f/ …pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] r]tgf ljutsf k|ltdfgx?nfO{ lal;{ lbg] Pp6f ;lqmo pT;fxsf] ¿kdf b]vf kg{ yfn]sf] xf] . of] Ps k|sf/sf] ;flek|fo Pjd\ lghk|]l/t :d[ltnf]k -Amnesia_ xf] / o;n] qmda4 ;dfh Pjd\ tfls{s / k|fl1s ;+:yfgx?sf k|ltdfgx?nfO{ lal;{g rfxG5 .Ú a'l4, ;du|tf / JolStjfbk|lt ljZjf; u/]/ k/Dk/f Pjd\ afXo ;QfnfO{ c:jLsf/ ug' { cfw'lgstfsf] ljz]iftf xf] . k/Dk/f / cfw'lgstfnfO{ 5'6o\ fpg] d"n s8L af}l4stf xf] . cfw'lgstfn] dfgjLo ljj] s / tfls{ s tfsf] cfwf/df ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;'Nemfpg / oyf{ysf ;a} /x:ox?nfO{ hfGg ;lsG5 eGg] dfGotf /fv]sf] xf] . o; dfGotf cg';f/ cfw'lgs ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] xf] . jf:tjdf af}l4s Ifdtfsf] pkof]usf] kmn:j¿k g} cfw'lgs o'udf cg]s j}1flgs cfljisf/ eP h;sf] sf/0fn] ;du| ;dfhsf] kl/b[Zo g} ablng uPsf] dx;'; x'G5 . t/ pTt/ cfw'lgstfn] cfw'lgstfsf o:tf ljrf/ wf/0ff Pjd\ ljZjf;nfO{ ck"0f{ dfg]/ jt{dfg ;dfhsf lgodx? / k|ltdfgx? ckof{Kt 5g\ / tL k"0f{tM :jR5Gb x'g' kb{5 eGg] ljrf/ Pjd\ dfGotf lnP/ cufl8 km8\sf] dfg{ rfx]sf] b]lvG5 .

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pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] ;'?jft ;DaGwdf pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx? lar dt}So /x]sf] b]lvFbg} . s;}n] pTt/ cfw'lgstfnfO{ cfw'lgstfnfO{ k|:yfg ljGb' dfg]/ o;s} lj:tfl/t ¿k dfg]sf 5g\ eg] s;}n] cfw'lgstfnfO{ s'g} dxTTj glbO pTt/ cfw'lgstfsf] ;'?jft x'g uPsf] dfGotf /fv]sf 5g\ . cfw''lgs bz{gsf] lj/f]w pTt/ cfw'lgstfn] cfw'lgs bz{g / lj1fgsf ;d:t cjwf/0ffx? / dfGotfx?nfO{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf klg s]xL ljdz{ ug'{ cfjZos x'G' 5 . jf:tjdf 8]sf6]b{ l] v ;'? ePsf] cfw'lgs bz{gsf] Oltxf; ns, as{n,] Xo'd xFb' } sfG6 / lxu]n;Dd cfO k'Ubf o;n] w]/} pknlAwx? xfl;n u/]sf] dflgG5 . 8]sf6]n { ] ul0ftsf ;'qx? k|of]u u/]/ bz{gnfO{ lj1fg ;Ddt agfpg] k|of; dfq u/]sf xf]Ogg\ ls pgn] bz{gnfO{ wd{sf] k|efajf6 ;d]t d'St u/]sf x'g' \ .

1fg ;DaGwdf ns / Xo'dsf ljrf/x?n] pTt/jtL{ bfz{lgs sfG6sf ljrf/x?nfO{ k|efljt u/]sf] b]lvG5 . vf; u/]/ xo'dsf 1fg ;DaGwL ljrf/n] cfkm" lgb|faf6 lapFlemPsf] s'/f sfG6n] atfPsf 5g\ . sfG6kl5sf csf{ ljVoft bfz{lgs lxunsf åGbfTds / lgif]wsf]–lgif]w l;4fGtn] bz{gsf] ljsf;df gf}nf] lbzf k|bfg u/]sf] xf] . dfS;{sf] bz{g lxunsf] åGbfTds l;4fGtsf] hudf v8f ePsf] xf] . olt dfq xf]Og w]/} kl5 cfP/ cl:tTjjfbL bfz{lgs hfF kn ;fq{n] cfˆgf] k|l;4 z"GojfbL -Nothingness_ l;4fGt lxunsf] lgif]w l;4fGtnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ lgdf{0f u/]sf x'g\ . o;/L nfdf] k/Dk/faf6 ljsl;t ePsf] cfw'lgs bz{gn] tTTjdLdf+;fsf] cfwf/df u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;[li6sf] ljZn]if0f / 1fgdLdf+;fsf] cfwf/df u/]sf] 1fgsf] ljZn]if0fnfO{ xfdL ;xh} c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] l:yltdf 5}gf}F . log} k|:yfkgfx?sf cfwf/df xfdLn] ;To, 1fg, ts{ / a'l4sf] cy{ / d"No a'lem /x]sf 5f}F . xfdLn] clxn];Dd ts{, a'l4, ljj]s g} s'g} klg If]qsf] ;To kQf nufpg] ;jf]Q { d ;fwg xf] eg]/ dfGb} cfPsf 5f} . xfdLdf a'l4n] g} ;fdflhs, cfly{s, /fhgLlts hLjgnfO{ lgoldt ug]{ ;j{ Jofks l;4fGtx?nfO{ kQf nufpg ;S5 eGg] b[9

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 68

k|1f–ultljlw

ljZjf; /x]s} 5 . t/ pTt/ cfw'lgs lrGtsx?

Nof]tf/, km's ' f] / 8]l/8fn] cfw'l' gs bz{gdf ljsl;t ePsf 1fgdLdf+;f / tTTjdLdf+;f ;DaGwL ;du| cjwf/0ff, b[li6sf]0f / d"NonfO{ lgif]w u/]sf 5g\ . pTt/ cfw'l' gs ljrf/s Nof]tf/n] cfw'l' gs o'u' n] 1fg ;DaGwdf h'g' ljrf/ / b[li6sf]0f /fv]sf] 5 To;nfO{ pgn] ;Dk"0" f{ ¿kdf c:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . pgsf ljrf/df cfw'l' gs o'u' sf 1fgsf] ljsf; lxun / dfS;{sf ljrf/df cfwfl/t 5g\ . pgLx?n] ljsf; u/]sf ;Dk"0" f{ 1fg ;DaGwL l;4fGt dxfg\– cfVofg -Meta–narrative _df lglxt 5 . cfw''lgs o'u' sf eJo l;4fGt / ljZjf;nfO{ Nof]tf/n] dxfg\– cfVofg eg]sf 5g\ . dxfg\ cfVofg cfw'l' gs sfnsf] pkh xf] . cfh dxfg\ cfVofgdf h''g 1fg 5 To;sf] s''g} j}wtf -Legitimacy_ 5}g . To;sf/0f pgL oL cfVofgx?df ljZjf; ub}{gg\ .

Nof]tf/n] dxfg\–cfVofgsf] cy{nfO{ :ki6 ug]{ sf]l;; u/]sf 5g\ . pgsf ljrf/df dxfg\–cfVofg eg]sf] 7'nf 7'nf eJo l;4fGt of ljZjf; xf] . o;n] ;dfhsf ultljlwx? / ltgdf x'g' ] ;fdflhs kl/jt{gnfO{ pNn]v ug]{ ub{5 . pgn] dfS;{jfb / k|sfo{jfbnfO{ oL cfVofgx?sf] b[i6fGtsf] ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ . lognfO{ ;dfhzf:qLx?n] ;+;f/sf ultljlw a'‰' gsf nflu pkof]u ug]{ ub{5g\ . t/ pTt/ cfw'l' gstfn] o:tf cfVofgx? of l;4fGtnfO{ c:jLsf/ ub{5 . o;sf] ts{ s] xf] eg] dfgj ;dfhdf h''g cfwf/e""t ;To 5 ltgnfO{ oL cfVofgx?n] klxrfg ug{ ;Sb}gg\ .

Nof]tf/n] cfw'l' gs o'u' sf dxfg\–cfVofgx?nfO{ c:jLsf/ ug'{ kgf{sf] sf/0f klg :ki6 u/]sf 5g\ . o; ;DaGwdf pgsf] ts{ s] 5 eg] 1fgf]bo kl5 cfw'l' gs ;dfhsf] cfljef{j ePsf] xf] . cfw'l' gs ;dfhn] lj1fgnfO{ 1fg dLdf+;fsf] cfwf/ dfg]sf] 5 . lj1fgdf cfwfl/t 1fgnfO{ j:t''lgi7 / t6:y dfGg] ul/Psf] 5 . cfw'l' gstfn] kl/eflift u/]sf] of] j:t'l' gi7 -Objective_ / t6:y -Impartial_ 1fgnfO{ Nof]tf/ :jLsf/ ub}{gg\ . xfd|f] hLjg / o;sf] cy{nfO{ log} dxfg\ cfVofgx?n] kl/eflift ug]{ ub{5g\ t/ Nof]tf/sf ljrf/df oL cfVofgx?n] s''g} ls:;fsf] eGbf a9L cy{ /fVb}gg\ . pgsf] dfGotfdf 1fgf]bo kl5 cfw'l' gs ;dfhn] 1fgsf]

h''g cy{ af]s]sf] 5 Tof] jf:tjdf bf]ifk""0f{ 5 . cfh 1fgsf] k|sl[ t w]/} ablnPsf] 5 . dxfg\–cfVofgdf k|ltkflbt 1fgsf] :j¿k j}olSts, /fhgLlts, g}lts ldysLo / wfld{s 5 . o;/L 1fgf]bo kl5 ljsl;t ePsf] 1fgsf] s'g' } klg l;4fGt dxfg\–cfVofgdf cfwfl/t ePsfn] jf:tljs 5}g . oL 1fgdf ;fj{ef}lds, j}w l;4fGt / ;Dk"0" f{ ;dfhdf nfu' ug{ ;lsg] s'g' } ljlw klg 5}g . cfw'l' gs ;dfhn] h'g' 1fgnfO{ j}1flgs / ;xL dfGg] u/]sf] 5, To:tf] ;xL 1fg oL dxf–cfVofgx?df 5Fb} 5}g . Nof]tf/sf] ljZjf; 5 ls 1fgf]bo kl5 ljsl;t ePsf] 1fg s'g' } klg cy{df ;dfhsf] lxtdf 5}g . oL 1fgdf w]/} bf]if 5 / vf]6f l;Ssf h:tf] o;sf] rngnfO{ cfw'l' gs ;dfhn] j}wtf lbO /fv]sf] 5 . 1fgf]bo / cfw'l' gs ;dfhsf] 1fg of dxfg\–cfVofg ;DaGwdf l6Kk0fL ub}{ Nof]tf/ n]Vb5g\ ls– z'4' 1fgsf] vfsf h'g' 1fgf]bo sfnn] k|:t't' u/]sf] 5 Tof] c¿ s]xL geP/ s]jn Pp6f ldys dfq xf], of] t s]jn lg/f ljj/0f / j[tfGt dfq xf] . ljutsf] nueu b'O' { ;o jif{sf] Oltxf;df hlt klg n]lvP logsf] pb\bZ] o o; ldysnfO{ j}wtf lbg'' xf] . pTt/ cfw''lgstfsf] j}rfl/stf Nof]tf/sf] dxfg\–cfVofg, km's ' f]sf] ljdz{ / 8]l/8fsf] ljvG8gsf] cjwf/0faf6 ljsl;t ePsf] 5 . d" n tM bz{gzf:qLsf ¿kdf b]vf k/]sf Hofs 8]l/8f pTt/– ;+/rgfjfb / pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf Pp6f ;dsfnLg x:tfIf/ / k|mfG;sf Ps cu|0fL lrGts x'g\ . pgsf] pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] bz{gn] klZrdL hut\df txNsf drfPsf] 5 . pgsf] pTt/ cfw'l' gstfsf] ljrf/ d"n " tM pTt/ ;+/rgfjfbsf] bz{gaf6 k|efljt 5 . pTt/ ;+/rgfjfbLx?n] Oltxf;, g[tTTj zf:q, dgf]lj1fg / ;flxTo h:tf ;a} ljifosf 1fg s]jn kf7\o ljifos -textul_ dfq x'g\ eg]/ dfg]sf 5g\ . o; cy{df pgLx?n] 1fg cjwf/0ffaf6 lgdf{0f geP/ zAbaf6 lgdf{0f x'G' 5 eg]sf 5g\ . 8]l/8fn] deconstruction sf] cjwf/0ff hd{g bfz{lgs xfO8] u /sf] Destruction af6 lnPsf x' ' g \ . xfO8]u/n] k'/' fgf] / k/Dk/fut ;Qf dLdf+;fn] cfˆgf] cy{ u'd ' fO ;s]sf] x'bF' f o;af6 clGtd ;To hfGg g;lsg] ljrf/ /fv]sf lyP . 8]l/8fn] klg xfO8]u/sf] o; ljrf/af6 k|efljt eP/ ljvG8gsf] l;4fGt

lgdf{0f u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L 8]l/8fsf] ljvG8g -Deconstruction_sf] l;4fGt cfw''lgs bz{gsf] tTTjdLdf+;f lj/f]wL cjwf/0ffsf] ¿kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 . hxfF hxfF tTTjdLdf+;f -Metaphysics_ b]vf kb{5 8]l/8f To;nfO{ ljvG8g / Wj:t ub{5g\ .

8]l/8fsf] ljvG8gsf] l;4fGt e]b -Difference_ df cfwfl/t 5 . e]b Pp6f ts{ xf] . o;sf] ;DaGw zAb - Logos _;Fu x'G' 5 / o; sf/0f bz{gsf] zAb– s]lGb|t -Logocentric_ ljj]rgfnfO{ pgL :jLsf/ ub}g{ g\ . o;}u/L 8]l/8fn] ns, as{n] tyf Xo'dsf] cfw'l' gs jfbnfO{ klg c:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . ;du| ¿kdf 8]l/8fsf] ljvG8gjfb tTTjdLdf+;f lj/f]wL 5 . ;fy} 8]l/8fsf] ljvG8gsf] l;4fGt ;a}eGbf a9L ;flxTosf ljleGg ljwfx?df k|of]u eP/ nf]slk|o ePsf] kfOG5 . cem slt;Dd eg] 8]l/8fn] ;j{ky| d ;flxTonfO{ bz{geGbf klg 7'nf] xf] eg]/ l;4 u/]sf 5g\ . cfˆgf] ljvG8gsf] l;4fGtaf6 pgn] ;flxTo Pp6f bz{g / ;f]Rg] tl/sf xf] eg]sf 5g\ . pgn] bz{gsf] efiff ¿ksdf lge{/ x'G' 5 eg]/ atfPsf 5g\ . pgsf ljrf/df bz{gdf k|s6 x'g' ] ts{jfb cnª\sf/–o''Qm efiff–e]beGbf c¿ s]xL xf]Og . ¿kssf] efiffdf afFrs ] f] bz{g :jod\ ;flxTo h:tf] ag]sf] x'bF' f o;af6 bz{gsf] ;jf]R{ rtf cl;4 x'g' hfG5 . d"n " tM 8]l/8fsf] ljvG8gsf] l;4fGt k|ToIf ¿kn] klZrdL bz{g;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . tTTjdLdf+;f klZrdL bz{gsf] Pp6f zfvf xf] . ;fdfGo ¿kdf eGg'' kbf{ tTTjdLdf+;fn] ;+;f/df oyfy{ s] xf] < o;sf] k|j[lQ / oyfy{tfsf] ;+/rgf s] xf] < / s:tf] 1fgn] oyfy{tfnfO{ a'‰' g ;xof]u ub{5 eGg] cflb k|Zg p7fP/ ltgsf] pTt/ vf]Hg] k|oTg ub{5 .

8]sf6],{ nfOAgLh, :kLgf]hf cflbn] oyfy{tfsf] o; ;d:ofnfO{ p7fPsf lyP . pgLx?sf] egfOdf olb xfdLn] 1fgnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;Sof}F eg] zfob ;+;f/sf] oyfy{tfnfO{ a'‰' g ;S5f}F . xfdLn] cfˆgf] b}lgs hLjgdf oyfy{tfnfO{ h'g lsl;dn] a'l' em /x]sf x''G5f}F Tof] jf:tjdf e|dk""0f{ 5 . xfdLn] jf:tjdf cfFvfn] h] s''/f b]Vb5f}F Tof] oyfy{ xf]Og .

To;}n] sfG6 / Xo'dn] klg klZrdL bz{gsf] tTTjdLdf+;fnfO{ ;Gb]xsf] b[li6n] x]g{] u/]sf] kfOG5 . sfG6n] tTTj dLdf+;Lo cWoogsf] ljifo j:t''

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 69

dflgPsf hut\, O{Zj/, cfTdfnfO{ hfGg g;lsg] c1]o j:t'' dfg]sf 5g\ . t/ klg pgLx?n] efiffsf] ;xf/f lnP/ k|ltlbg pkof]udf cfpg] zAbaf6 oyfy{tfnfO{ JofVof ug{ ;'?' u/]sf x'g' \ . 8]l/8fsf] ljvG8gsf] l;4fGt / cjwf/0ff oxLFaf6 ;'?' x'G' 5 . pgsf] ljvG8g j:t't' M efiffsf] e]b -Difference_af6 ;'?' x'G' 5 . pgL lbg k|ltlbg sfddf cfpg] zAbnfO{ lnP/ j}1flgs ljdz{ tof/ ub{5g\ / oyfy{tfnfO{ a'‰' g tTTjdLdf+;f slxn] klg ;xfos x'g' ;Sb}g eGg] lgisif{df k'U' b5g\ . o; sf/0f tTTjdLdf+;fnfO{ ljvG8g ug'{' kb{5 eGg] pgsf] dfGotf 5 . oxL cfwf/df cfw'l' gs bz{gdf ljsl;t ePsf] ;Dk"0" f{ tTTjdLdf+;Lo cjwf/0ffnfO{ 8]l/8fn] c:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . pTt/ cfw'l' gs lrGtgdf km's ' f]sf ljrf/x? ;zSt ¿kn] b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . pgsf ljrf/x? ax'–' cfoflds 5g\ . km's ' f]sf cg';f/ oyfy{tfnfO{ a'‰' g ;fj{ef}lds lgodx?nfO{ kQf nufpg'' cfw'l' gs ;+/rgfjfbsf] rf;f] xf] . t/ o:tf] cfw'l' gs k4ltn] ;sntf -Totality_ df cfwfl/t a'l' 4jfbnfO{ g} clGtd oyfy{ dfGg] x''Fbf o:tf] k4ltaf6 oyfy{ kQf nufpg ;Sg] s'g' } ;+efjgf /xFbg} . km's ' f]sf cg'';f/ ;dfhsf ;DaGwdf s''g} klg k|sf/sf] ;fj{ef}lds af}l4s lgodnfO{ kQf nufpg ;Dej 5}g lsgls oL lgodx?sf] pb\ud ljlzi6 :yfgLotf / To;sf] Oltxf;df lge{/ x'G' 5g\ . a'l' 4 ;Tosf] kl/rflosf xf] eGg] cfw'l' gs tYonfO{ km's ' f] c:jLsf/ ub{5g\ . pgsf cg'; ' f/ cfw'l' gstfn] h'g' ;Tosf] s'/' f ub{5 Tof] Ps lsl;dsf] ldys wf/0ff xf] . km's ' f]sf cg'; ' f/ ;Tosf] :j¿k slxn] klg ;fj{ef}lds x'g' ;Sb}g . ;To t ;w}F g} cf+lzs, :yfgLo / kl/jt{gzLn x'G' 5 . ;To s] xf] eGg] s'/' fsf] lgwf{/0f s]jn a''l4 dfqsf] ljifo xf]Og . pgsf ljrf/df P]ltxfl;s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts jf ;+:yfut kl/k|I] osf] cg'k' l:yltdf ;Tosf] af}l4s kl/j]If0f ug'{' Ps k|sf/n] af}l4s zlStsf] cflwkTo :jLsf/ ug'{' g} xf] . ;To lglZrt x'G' 5 eg]/ dfGg] ;a} 1fg dLdf+;Lo cjwf/0ffnfO{ km's ' f]n] unt 7x¥ofPsf 5g\ . pgsf] b[li6sf]0fdf k|To]s ;dodf Pp6f lglZrt ;dfhsf] cfˆgf] Pp6f ;To x'G' 5, To;df cfwfl/t ljdz{sf] /rgf x'G' 5, To;nfO{{ jt{dfg

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 70

k|1f–ultljlw

;Toåf/f cy{ lgsfNg vf]Hg'' unt x'G' 5 . km's ' f]n] cfw' ' l gstfn] :jLsf/ u/] s f] a' ' l 4–s] l Gb| t ljrf/wf/fx?nfO{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

1fgsf] k|sl[ t / o;sf] pb\ejsf] ;Gbe{nfO{ lnP/ km's ' f]n] cfˆgf wf/0ffx? JoSt u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] pTt/ cfw''lgs ;dfhsf] JofVof 1fg / zlStsf] ;DaGwsf] cfwf/df u/]sf 5g\ . 1fgsf] k|sl[ tsf] rrf{ ub]{ km's ' f] eGb5g\ ls 1fgf]bo Pjd\ k'ghf{u/0f cfˆgf] pb\ljsf;sf] cj:yfdf ;xL lyof] .

Tof] dg''iosf] :jtGqtfsf] kIfw/ lyof] . k/Gt'' of] 1fgsf] klxnf] kIf g} xf] . k|af]w cfGb]fngaf6 pb\ljsl;t 1fgsf] bf];f| ] kIfsf] ;/f]sf/ dg'i' onfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fVg'' xf], o:tf] l:yltdf 1fg zlStsf] ;fwg aGg hfG5 . oxL sf/0fn] km''sf] 1fgsf] ;fj{ef}lds :j¿ksf] cfw''lgs ;ª\sNkgfnfO{ c:jLs[t ul/ lbG5g\ . km''sf]n] 1fgnfO{ o;/L kl/eflift u/] s f 5g\ – Knowledge is not metaphysical, transcendental or universal.

Rather it is specific to particular time and spaces.

km's ' f]sf ljrf/df 1fgsf] ljz]iftf To;sf] ljz]if ;Gbe{df x'G' 5 . 1fgsf] ;fy{stf ;w}F k|;ª\u ljz]ifdf x'G' 5 . olb s'g' } ;TonfO{ JofVof ug'{' 5 eg] To;sf] lglZrt ;Gbe{nfO{ atfpg klg cfjZos x'G' 5 . s'g' } klg 1fg ;Dk"0" f{ ljZjdf Ps};fy ;sn :j¿kdf Joflkt x' ' g ;Sb} g . 1fg j:t' ' l gi7 -Objective_ geP/ JolStlgi7 -Subjective _ x'G' 5 lsgls ax'c ' fofdL dg'i' osf] b[li6sf]0fsf] JofVof ug{sf nflu cg]s ljZn]lift b[li6x?sf] cfjZostf x'G' 5 . o;sf/0f km's ' f] ;To ;DaGwL s'g' } lglZrt kl/efiffnfO{ :jLsf/ ub}g{ g\ . km's ' f]n] 1fg ;DaGwL oL ts{nfO{ pgn] cfˆgf] gofF cjwf/0ff ljdz{ -Discourse_ sf] dfWodaf6 l;4 u/]sf 5g\ . 1fg ;DaGwL ljifodf km's ' f]n] h'g' ljdz{sf] s'/' f u/]sf 5g\, Tof] ljdz{sf] cy{ / tfTko{ s] xf] eGg] ;Gbe{df klg pNn]v ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . km's ' f]sf] dfGotf cg'; ' f/ ljdz{sf] wf/0ffn] g} xfdLnfO{ plrt 1fg;Fu kl/lrt u/fpF5 . ljdz{ eg]sf] Ps lsl;dsf] ;txL cWoog xf] . Pp6f j:t'sf] af/]df dflg;x?sf] s'/' fsfgLsf] tl/sf of ;f]rfOsf] k4ltsf] Pslqt ¿knfO{ g} ljdz{ elgG5 . ljleGg dflg;x?sf] ljleGg

b[li6sf]0fnfO{ ldnfP/ ha Pp6f ;fdfGo wf/0ff ljsl;t x'G' 5 To;n] g} ljdz{ - Discourse_ sf] ¿k lnG5 cyf{t\ ljdz{sf] tfTko{ s'g' } Pp6f lglZrt k|md] js{df s'g' } ljifosf] af/]df ;f]Rg'' of wf/0ff agfpg'' xf] . t/ of] wf/0ff s'g' } JolSt ljz]ifsf] geP/ ;fdfGo dflg;sf] x'G' 5 . Pp6f lglZrt ;dodf ;dfhdf dflg;x?sf] ;f]r, Jojxf/, efiffsf] Pslqt ¿k g} ljdz{ xf] / oxL ljdz{ g} 1fgsf] ;|ft] xf] .

1fg–dLdf+;f ;DaGwdf km's ' f]nfO{ klg c¿ pTt/ cfw'l' gstfjfbL ljrfsx?sf] h:t} 7'nf] ;d:of lyof] . 1fgsf] pb\ud s] xf] < eGg] s'/' f pgL hfGg rfxGy] . o;} k|Zgsf] pTt/df pgn] ljdz{sf] cjwf/0ff ljsl;t u/]sf x'g' \ . km's ' f]sf] dfGotf 5 ls cfw'l' gs ;dfhdf 1fg k|fKt ug]{ h'g' j}1flgs ;|ft] /x]sf] 5 Tof] ;+zofTds 5 . 1fgsf] k|sl[ t ;sntfsf] 5}g . ;fdfGotof ;dfh j}1flgs cfkm"" h'g' j:t'; ' uF kl/lrt 5g\ To;sf] t'n ' gf ckl/lrt j:t'; ' uF u/]/ ckl/lrt j:t'x' ?nfO{ hfGg] k|of; ub{5g\ . t/ km''sf] of] ljlwnfO{ :jLsf/ ub]{gg\ . o;sf] ljk/Lt pgL clttsf ckl/lrt j:t'x' ?sf] vf]haf6 ltgsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]/ o; hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df kl/lrt j:t'x' ?sf] JofVof ub{5g\ . km'sf]sf] ljrf/df ;dfhdf hf];uF ljlzi6 1fg -Expert Knoledge_ x'G' 5 Tof] g} zlStzfnL x'G' 5 . o;/L 1fg / ;To ;DaGwL cfw'l' gs bz{gn] h'g' dfGotf /fv]sf] 5 To;nfO{ k'msf]n] ;du| ¿kdf c:jLsf/ u/]/ v08g u/]sf 5g\ . lj1fgsf] lj/f]w cfw'lgs o'un] lj1fgsf] ljsf;nfO{ ;a}eGbf 7'nf] pknlAwsf] ¿kdf lnPsf] xf] . cfh ko{Gt dfgjLo b[li6, ljrf/, Jojxf/ / cfr/0fx? lj1fgs} s;Ldf x]l/Fb} cfPsf] 5 . k|sl[ tsf /x:oleqsf ljifox?nfO{ aflx/ Nofpg] cfsf+Iffx?nfO{ g} d"ntM j}1flgs dgf]jl[ Q elgG5 . ;fdfGo ¿kdf eGbf lj1fgn] k|s[ltdf 3l6t 36gfx?nfO{ tYosf] cfwf/df oyfy{ ¿kdf JofVof u/]/ dfq ;To kQf nufpF5 . lj1fgsf] cy{ xf] ;Tosf] vf]h . of] vf]h Pp6f tYoaf6 csf]{ tYosf lar, Ps sf/0f / To;sf] k|efjsf lar Ps csf]{;Fu c;DalGwt dflgg] b'O{ 36gfx? lar :yfoL ;DaGwx?sf] vf]h

xf] . j}1flgs ljlwx?nfO{ b[9tfk"js { nfu' u/]Psfn] g} lj1fgn] ce"tk"j{ k|ult u/]sf] xf] . lj1fgsf] ljsf;sf] Oltxf; vf]Hb} hfFbf ;fdfGotof xfdLn] sf]klg{s;;Dd k'Ug' kb{5 .

Tolt a]nf ;"on { ] k[YjLsf] kl/qmdf u5{ eGg] dfGotfsf lj?4 pgn] k[YjLn] ;"o{sf] kl/qmdf u5{ eGg] qmflGtsf/L wf/0ff /fv]sf x'g\ . lk08, ult, an / zlStsf] ;DaGwdf ;To :yflkt ug]{ cfOHofs Go'6g x'g\ . cg'jf+lzsL l;4fGtdf dg'iodf kfOg] lhgsf] dxTTj / e"ldsfnfO{ ;j{ky| d vf]h ug]{ u|u] f]/ d]G8n x'g\ . pgsf] oxL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df cfh h}jk|fljlwsLsf] ljsf; ePsf] dflgG5 .

8flj{gsf] hLj ljsf;sf] l;4fGtaf6 hLj / hut\ qmdzM k"0f{tflt/ cu|;/ / ;'wf/sf lbzftkm{ cufl8 al9 /x]sf] 5 eGg] ljrf/sf] hGd ePsf] xf] . cfOG:6fOgsf] ;fk]Iftfjfbsf] l;4fGtn] a|Xdf08nfO{ x]g{] / a'‰g] b[li6sf]0fdf kl/jt{g NofPsf] xf] . o; l;4fGtn] a|Xdf08 If0f k|ltIf0f ultzLn 5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ :yflkt ul/ lbPsf] 5 . lj1fgsf] o; qmlds ljsf;n] la;f}+F ztfAbLdf cfO k'Ubf cg]sf}+ lj:dosf/L kl/jt{gx? ePsf] s'/fnfO{ xfdL c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sb}gf}F . ltgdf c0f'sf] ljefhg, rGb|dfdf dfgjsf] kbfk{0f, lhgx?sf] cWoog / sDk'6/df l;lnsgsf] k|of]unfO{ pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 . o; ztfAbLsf] k"jfw{df ef}lts lj1fgsf If]qdf ePsf] cGj]if0fn] e"–d08nsf] pTkltsf af/]df dfgjnfO{ gjLg r]tgf k|bfg u¥of] eg] To;sf] pTt/fw{df cfP/ h}j lj1fgdf ePsf] k|ultn] ;Gtfgf]Tkfbgsf nflu 6]:66\oa' k4ltsf] ljsf; u/]/ lj1fgnfO{ cem rdTsfl/s lbzfdf k'¥ofPsf] kfOG5 . o;/L lj1fgn] ef}lts lj1fg / h}j lj1fgdf dfq xf]Og, cf}iflw lj1fgsf] If]qdf t emg\ gofF gofF pks/0f / k4ltsf] ljsf; u/]/ pkrf/ k|lqmofdf ;'udtf NofPsf] 5 . lj1fgs} k|ultsf] kmn:j¿k ljZjsf ljleGg d'ns ' x?n] cfly{s ljsf; ug{ ;s]sf x'g\ . ;+If]kdf eGbf lj1fgsf] sfo{n] dfgj sNof0fsf nflu ljZj / k|sl[ tsf] /x:onfO{ cgfj[t ub}{ k|fs[lts ;+;fwgnfO{ bf]xg ;d]t u/]/ Ps lsl;dn] k|sl[ t dflysf] ljho u/]sf]] tYonfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsGg . pTt/ cfw'lgstfn] lj1fgsf] pknlAw / o;sf dfGotfk|lt c;xdt x'gs ' f] k5fl8sf ts{x? s]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 71

x'g\ t eGg] ljifotkm{ k|jz ] ubf{ klxnf] t lj1fgk|lt pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?sf] b[li6sf]0f ;+b]xfTds /x]sf] 5 . pgLx?n] ljZjdf a9\bf] k|bi' f0f, tfkdfgdf j[l4, oflGqsLs/0f h:tf sf/0fx? cl3 ;f/]/ lj1fgsf] cf}lrTodfly k|Zg p7fpg] u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] lj1fgn] j}1flgs, k|fl1s, OlGhlgo/ tyf ljleGg k|fljlwsx?sf] 1fg / ;LknfO{ xltof/ lgdf{0f ug]{ / dfG5] gi6 ug]{ cf}hf/sf] ¿kdf k|of]u u/]sf] cf/f]k klg nufpg] u/]sf 5g\ . lj1fgn] k/df0f' xltof/sf] lgdf{0faf6 ljZjnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ vf]h] klg To;sf] unt lbzfdf k|of]u ePsf] pgLx?sf] ts{ 5 . dfgj hfltsf] o:tf] b'bz { fsf] sf/0fn] g} dflg;df lj1fgk|lt :jefljs 3[0ff pTkGg x'g uPsf] xf] eGg] pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?sf] 7x/ 5 . pgLx?n] lj1fg / ;flxTonfO{ ;dfgsf]6Ldf /fv]/ ltgLx?sf] cy{ / d"No vf]Hg] k|oTg u/]sf 5g\ . s'g} klg ljifosf] cfˆg} d"ne"t jf cfGtl/s cy{ x'bF g} / To;sf] cy{ kf7såf/f g} l;lh{t ul/G5 .

To;/L l;lh{t ul/Psf] lgisif{ clglZrt x'G5 .

To;}n] s'g} klg j0f{g jf aofgsf] ;fj{bl] zs d"No x'bF g} / klZrdL lj1fg klg o;sf] ckjfb x'g ;Sb}g eGg] pgLx?sf] wf/0ff 5 . pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?n] hLj lj1fgdf hLjgsf] pTkltsf] l;4fGtb]lv a|Xdf08sf] pTklQ On]S6«fg] / Sjfs{sf] lgdf{0f, SjfG6d oflGqsLsf d"n cfwf/x?, k[YjLdf hLjgsf] cf/De / hLjsf] ljsf; ;DaGwdf ul/Psf ;Dk"0f{ j}1flgs vf]h / cg';Gwfg cflbnfO{ sfNklgs / cJojxfo{ lj1fgsf] ¿kdf lng] u/]sf 5g\ . / To;nfO{ cfg'eljs ¿kdf cflh{t ug{ g;lsg] ts{ u/]sf 5g\, clg oL ;a} ;Todf s]lGb|t gePsf] 7x/ u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx? j}1flgs vf]hsf] dxfg\ sfn ;dfKt x'g] ;+efjgfnfO{ ;a}n] :jLsf/ ug'{ kb{5 eGg] dfGotf /fVb5g\ . casf] cg';Gwfgn] /x:onfO{ cgfj[t u/]/ To;af6 s'g} kl/0ffd Nofpg g;Sg] pgLx?sf] 7f]sj' f 5 . t/ oxfF s] :ki6 x'g' k5{ eg] pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?n] z'4 lj1fgsf] lj/f]w u/] klg Jojxfl/s lj1fgnfO{ pgLx?n] :jLsf/ u/]sf] k|tLt x'G5 . pgLx?n] cg'ejl;4 1fg / ;}4flGts 1fg lar leGgtf dfg]/ cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsg] ljifodf dfq lj1fgnfO{ ;Lldt /fVg vf]hs ] f 5g\ . To;}n] pgLx? Jofjxfl/s lj1fgsf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 72

k|1f–ultljlw

kIfdf ts{ ub}{ o;n] nfdf] ;do;Dd lg/Gt/tf k|fKt u/]/ dflg;x?nfO{ :j:y, anzfnL / bL3{hLjL agfpg ;S5 eGg] s'/fdf eg] ljZjf; ub{5g\ . o;af6 dflg;n] j[4fj:yfsf] k|lqmofnfO{ lgolGqt jf k/flht ug]5 { / cd/Tj k|fKt ug]{ 5 . t/ 8flj{g, cfOG:6fOg cflbn] u/] h:tf] eljiodf ca gofF cfwf/e"t 1fgdf s'g} gofF kl/jt{g jf ¿kfGt/0f x'g] 5}g, s'g} gofF /x:o cgfj[t x'g] 5}g cyf{t\ lj1fg cGTolt/ k'us ] f] 5 eGg] pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?sf] dfGotf 5 . lj1fg ;DaGwdf o; k| s f/sf] ljrf/x?nfO{ ljz]iftM ;dy{g ug]x{ ?df gf]d rf]D:sL, yf]d; :ofd'cn s'xgx? x'g\ . s'xgsf] dt 5, …lj1fgn] j:t'ut ;TonfO{ l;4 ug{ ;Sb}g t/ j}1flgs ;d'bfox? larsf] dt}So jf ;j{;Ddltdf dfq Tof] k'us ] f] x'G5, h;n] pTt/ cfw'lgs l;4fGtsf] cem gofF cfwf/ agfpg ;xfotf ub{5 .Ú cGTodf pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?n] h'g lj1fgsf] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\, tL d"ntM cfkm}df cGt{lj/f]wfTds Pjd\ ;txL 5g\ . klxnf] t pgLx?n] lj1fgnfO{ ;flxTo h:t} j0f{gfTds dfg]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] To:tf] ts{ xf:ofTds ts{ xf] eGg ;lsG5 . lsgeg] lj1fg ;flxTo h:tf] sNkgf, efj, ;+ j ] u h:tf cg'el" tx?af6 ;[lht x'g] ljifo xf]Og . lj1fgdf j:t'k/stf x'G5 . lj1fg cjnf]sg, k|of]u / k/LIf0fdf cfwfl/t eP/ dfq s'g} lgisif{df k'Ug] ljifo ePsfn] lj1fgdf s'g} Pp6f ;flxlTos s[ltdf h:tf] kf7s jf ;dLIfsn] cf–cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f cg';f/ ;of}F cy{ nufpg ;S5 eGg] 8]l/8fsf] ljv08gsf] l;4fGt nfu' x'G5 eGg ;lsFbg} . ca csf]{ ts{df pgLx?n] lj1fgnfO{ ;}4flGts / Jojxfl/s lj1fgdf ljeflht u/]/ ;}4flGts 1fgsf] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . h'g ts{ :jo+df cGt{lj/f]wfTds b]lvG5 . lsgeg] ;}4flGts / Jojxfl/s 1fg Ps csf{df cGt{;DalGwt x'G5g\ . Jojxfl/s 1fgnfO{ d"t{ ¿k lbg ;}4flGts 1fg cfjZos x'g hfG5 .

8flj{g, Go"6g, cfOG;6fOgsf j}1flgs ;'qx?sf cfwf/df g} s}of}F j}1flgs k|of]ux? ePsf x'g\ .

To:t} ul0ftsf ;'qx? :jod\ l;4 x'G5g\ . To:t} pgLx?sf] …s'g} klg j0f{g jf aofgsf] ;fj{bl] zs

d"No x'bF g} / lj1fg klg o;sf] ckjfb xf]OgÚ eGg] dfGotftkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ pgLx?sf] of] egfO klg v/f] ¿kdf plqFbg} . lj1fgsf l;4fGt / ;'qx?sf] k|of]u ;+;f/sf ;a} 7fpFdf ;dfg ¿kn] nfu' x'G5 . lj1fgnfO{ s'g} cfVofgnfO{ h:tf] JolStlkR5] jf 7fpFlkR5] cnu cnu cy{ nufpg ;lsg] xf]Og .

To;}n] lj1fg ;fj{bl] zs / ;fj{sflns k|sl[ tsf] x'G5 . pTt/ cfw'lgsjfbLx?sf cg';f/ lj1fgn] ljutdf h] hlt cfljisf/ / l;4fGtx? k|ltkfbg u¥of] o;sf] Oltxf; ca Toltd} ;Lldt 5, ca o;n] s'g} gofF l;4fGt jf cfljisf/ ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] pgLx?sf] bfjL 5 . oxL cy{df pgLx?n] lj1fgsf] cGTo ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf x'g\ . t/ pgLx?sf] of] egfO klg ;To b]lvFbg} . xfdLn] clxn];Dd cg'et" u/]s} 5f} ls lj1fgn] k|sl[ tsf] /x:o / dfgj z/L/ ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg u/]/ gjLg tYox? kQf nufO /x]sf] 5 . lj1fgn] Uoflnlnof], Go"6g / cfOG:6fOgn] k|ltkfbg u/]sf l;4fGtx?sf sdL sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;RofpFb} / kl/:s[t ub}{ cfh;Dd vf]h / cg';Gwfgdf lg/Gt/tf lbPs} 5 . pgLx?n] lj1fg :jod\ cGtlj{sl;t

:j¿ksf] ePsf]n] ca o;df ;To pb\3fl6t ug]{ ;fdYo{ 5}g eg]sf x'g\ . lj1fgn] /x:ox?nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ¿kdf cgfj[ t ug{ g;s] s f] tYo t o;sf] g}/Gto{tfn] g} atfO /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] vf]h / cg';Gwfgdf k"0f{ lj/fd nfu]sf] 5}g . ;fy} of] cGtlj{sl;t g} 5 . pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?n] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ;fj{nf}lss l;4fGtnfO{ gdfGg] x'bF f j}1flgs ljrf/ klg ;j{JofkL dfGotfdf cfwfl/t x'g ;Sb}g eGg] ts{ u/]sf x'g\ . pgLx?sf] o; egfOk|lt s]xL xb;Dd ;xdt x'g ;lsP klg o; cy{n] lj1fgsf] ;d:t pknlAw / ljsf;sf dfGotfx?nfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ cjZo} ;lsGg . :jod\ pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx? lj1fgn] pknAw u/fPsf cTofw'lgs j:t' / pks/0fx?sf] pkef]u u/]/ pGgtzLn hLjg latfO /x]sf 5}gg\ / Û ;fy} lj1fg ;DaGwdf pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx?sf] wf/0ff d'Vo laGb'df cNdlnP/ /x:ojfbLx?sf] wf/0ffx?;Fu ldNg uPsf] h:tf] k|tLt x'G5 . o; wf/0ffn] j}1flgs cg'dfg, cg'ejl;4 k/LIf0f / JofVof larsf] ;DaGwnfO{ pgLx? ljZn]if0f ug{ ;dy{ ePsf] h:tf] a'lemb}g .

;Gbe{– ;fdu|L gjLg, b]jzª\s/ / ;'zfGt s'df/ ld> -;Dkf= ;g\ @)))_ pTt/ cfw'lgstf s'5 ljrf/, goL lbNnL M jf0fL k|sfzg . krf}/L, ;'wLz -<_, b]l/bf M ljv08g sL l;4flGtsL, goL lbNnL M jf0fL k|sfzg . kf08]o, pkf;gf -<_, pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb cf}/ uf+wL, hok'/ M /fjt klAns];G; . e[s'6L -pTt/ cfw'lgs ljz]iffª\s, @)^&_, k"0ff{ª\s !), sf7df8f}F M e[s'6L Ps]8]lds klAns];g . >Ljf:tj, ljhos'df/ -cg'jfb, ;g\ !(((_, j}1flgs s[lt cf}/ ;TosL vf]h, OlG8of M g];gn a's 6«:6 .

Doshi, S .L (?). Modenity , Postmodernity and Neo– Sociological Theories , Jaipur and New Delhi : Rawat Publication.

BHASSKAR, ROY (2002), Reflections On Meta–Reality , New Delhi : Sage Publications.

Foucault, MIichel (?) , Key Concepts (Edited by Dianna Taylor). ;

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web source: www.khasskhass.com

ofqf lgaGw

km]l/Psf /ª\u÷cGt/ª\ux? /fdk|;fb kGt cUnf] vf6 . To;dfly df]6f] g df]6f] sn{g t/ km/fs 5 vf6 . PSnf] dflg;, hlt klg nl8a'8L v]Ng ldN5 . vf6 dfq xf]Og, ;a} 7'n} cfsf/sf 5g\ ;fdfgx? klg . lunf; 7'nf], lrof sk 7'nf], efF8fjt{g 7'nf, P]gf, jfy6a ;a} 7'nf . ;a}eGbf 7'nf] 6]lnlehg . #@÷@$ OGr nDaf rf}8f 6]lnlehg lsg rflxof] < 7'n}7'nf ;fdfg x'g'sf] cy{ d}n] kl5 dfq a'em]F . d}n] b'O{ v]k ug'{ kg{] s'/f Ps} v]kdf ;Sg] ;fdYo{ ePsf axfb'/x?sf nflu tL efF8fx? clgjfo{ cfjZostfsf ;fwgleq kbf{ /x]5g\ . sf]7f Ps bDktLsf nflu kof{Kt / ;'ljwfhgs 5 . cGgkft leœofPkl5 kl/sf/ tof/ kfg{ o:tf] ;fwg jf efF8f]sf] cefj eof] eGg' kb{g} . t/ dnfO{ kmnk'mn sf6\gsf nflu rSs', obfsbf vfg]s/' f ttfpgsf nflu x6k6, kfgL pdfNgsf nflu ljB't\ r'Nxf] afx]s c¿ cfjZos 5}g . lk|mh klg dnfO{ lsg rflxof] o:tf] l7xLdf < d'6' sdfpg] hf8f]df < cfh d]/f] klxnf] lbg . a]ns ' fkv ;xefuL ;fyLx?sf] hd36df vfg] s'/f vfO xflnof] . jfy6adf ;'t/] tftf]kfgLdf g'xfO xflnof] . ca dhfn] ;'Tg] afx]s d]/f] c¿ sfd 5}g t/ ef]ln laxfg a|s ] kmf:6 vfOj/L cf7 ah] xf]6n cufl8 plePsf] a;df al; ;Sg' kg{] ;"rgf 5 . nfdf] ofqfsf] sf/0f ysfO nfu]sf] a]nf k|ftMsfnLg lqmofaf6 lgj[Q x'gsf nflu sDtLdf ;ft ah] p7\g kf] ;lsPnf ls g;lsPnf Û d cf]5o\ fgdf kN6]/ ;f]lr /x]sf] 5' / of] sNkgf ul/ /x]sf] 5' ls d lxhf] Ps ah] g]kfnaf6 p8]F . 8Nnf; Po/kf]6d { f gcf]ln{bf;Dd k6s k6s u/]/ cfsfzd} klRr; 306f pl8 /x]F . l;ª\ufk'/sf] 6«flGh6 xf]6n -PDa]:8/ xf]6n_df P3f/ 306f ;'tF] .

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k|1f–ultljlw

hfkfgdf ltg 3G6f 6«flGh6df a;]F . clg rfª\uL, gfl/tf / 8Nnf; Po/kf]6x{ ?sf] ;'/Iff hfFrdf s]xL 306f latfPF x'n F f Û 8Nnf;af6 cfln{ª6g l:yt xf]6n;Dd k'Ubf Ps 3G6f vr{ ePsf] s'/f klg tfh} 5 . o;/L d lqe'jg ljdfg:ynaf6 p8]bl] v 8Nnf; / cfln{ª6\ gl:yt xf]6n /]l;8]G; k'Ubf;Dd d]/f] rfln; 3G6f eGbf a9L vr{ ePsf] 5 . t/ lbg uGtLsf] lx;fa ubf{ lxhf] lbgsf] Ps ah]bl] v cfh 5 ah];Ddsf] ;dofGt/ lt; 3G6f klg k'Ub}g . of] ;a} k"jL{ / klZrdL uf]nfw{sf] sf/0f xf] eg]/ ljZjf; ug{ dnfO{ sl7gfO ePsf] 5}g . h] xf];\ d cd]l/sf k'u/] kfFrtf/] xf]6nsf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg sf]7fdf ;'Tg kfP/ v';L 5' . cd]l/sf e|d0fsf] k"j; { GWofdf Pp6f /]i6'/fFdf v';LofnL ef]h lbO /x]sf d]/f ;fyLx?n] 76\6f u/]sf] ;Demgf klg x'bF 5 } dnfO{ o; a]nf . oyfy{df cd]l/sf e|d0fsf] v';LofnL ;Fu;Fu} d uDeL/ klg ePsf] lyPF To; a]nf . d t/ª\lut / clnslt lj:d[t eO /x]sf] b]v/] ;fyLx?n] eg]sf lyP, …s] dl/G5 ls eg]/ lrGtf nfUof] < lrGtf ub{}df afFlrG5 / < 8/ dfGg' kb{}g . l;Ns Po/ b'36{ gf ePsf] klg yfxf 5}g / o'gfO6]8 ljdfg b'36{ gf ePsf] klg ;'lgPsf] 5}g, dl/Fbg} . dl/ xfNg' eP5 eg] d Ps 5fs 5f]8g\ 5 ] ÷' d t 5f8\lbgF÷5f8\g] t s'/} 5}g, a? d t 9Ng] u/L /S;L lkpF5' .Ú cf– cfˆg} k|ltlqmof lyof] ;fyLx?sf] . ;fyLx?n] v'n/] 76\6f ub{} lyP / d/L d/L xfF:b} lyP t/ dnfO{ eg] hLjgdf s]xL u/]/ dfq} dg{] OR5f x'bF fx'bF } klg dg{] 8/ eg] lyPg . a? r]tgzLn dg / lqmofzLn xft lnP/ ;o jif{ afFRg ;lsof] / af]Nbf af]Nb}, k9\bf k9\b,} n]Vbf n]Vb} hLjg pT;u{ ug{ ;lsof] eg] emg} j]z .

t/ o; avt d uDeL/ o;y{df ePsf] lyPF ls PSnf] dflg; nfdf] ofqfdf lg:sFb} 5' / r'gf}tL klg 5— g]kfn ;/sf/ /Iff dGqfnosf] k|ltlglwTj u/]/ Pp6f ;]ldgf/df efu lng hfFb5 } ' . dft[efiff cª\u|]hL ePsf dflg;x? a:g] /fi6«df uP/ d h:tf] ;fdfGo cª\uh ]| L k9]sf] dflg;n] 86]/ af]Ng' kg{] 5, ax; ug'{ kg{] 5 / cfˆgf wf/0ff k|:t't ug'{ kg{] 5 . d]/f] sdhf]/L b]v]/ pgLx? xfF:nfg\ ls < oL s'/fx? ;DemFb} lyPF / 3/af6 lxF8b] l] vsf] z[ªv \ nfa4 ofqf qmdnfO{ tfhf agfpFb} lyPF— 5f]/f / 5f]/Lx?;Fu lqe'jg Po/kf]6{sf] u]6af6 jfO{jfO{ u/]/ leq k;]kl5 Po/kf]6s { f ;a} k|lqmof k'/f u/]/ ˆnfO6 nfpGhdf al; /x]sf] a]nf Pp6L ckl/lrt dlxnf x:ofª km:ofª ub{} d ;dIf cfP/ jftf{nfk u/]sf] If0f ;Dem]/ klg /f]dfl~rt x'bF } lyPF . eg]sL lyOg\ tL dlxnfn] …d t ;/nfO{ vf]Hbfvf]Hb} x}/fg . kmf]g klg nfu]g . ;/ cfO ;Sg' eP5 . d t eL8ef8df k/]F . 3/af6 lg:sg} l9nf eof] . r]lsªd} ;do nfUof] . slxNo} ljb]z guPsL dfG5], ;/s} cf8–e/f];fdf lxF8s ] L d t, ca aNn 9'Ss ePF .Ú pgsf] s'/f ;'g/] d lhlNnPsf] lyPF— s] cfkt cfOnfUof] of] Û s;sf km]nf kl/of] < clg ;f]w]sf] lyPF— …tkfO{+ s;nfO{ vf]Hb} x'g' x'G5 / sxfF hfFb} x'g' x'G5 <Ú pgn] eg]sL lyOg\— …d cy{ dGqfnoaf6 cfPsL, yfONofG8 hfgsf nflu . s] ;/ yfONofG8 hfg] xf]Og / < s] ;/sf] gfd dgf]h xf]Og / <Ú …xf]Og, d t cd]l/sf hfg] . d]/f] gfd dgf]h xf]Og .Ú d}n] v'nf;f u/]sf] lyPF . …;/L, d em'lSsPF 5' . ;/sf] xftdf lgnf] kf;kf]6{ b]v,F] kmf]gdf s'/f eP cg';f/ d;Fu} hfg] ;/sf] x'lnof klg p:t} p:t} nfUof] . d}n] dgf]h ;/nfO{ b]vs ] f] 5}g . lrghfg 5}g . xj;\ t wGojfb .

Ifdf ug'{ xf]nf .Ú To;kl5 pgL nHhfaf]w ub{} xtfl/P/ lxFl8 xfn]sL lyOg\— c;nL dgf]h vf]Hg . d}n] pgsf] gfd klg ;f]Wg kfPsf] lyOgF . tTsfn l;Ns Po/sf] 9f]sf v'ns ] f] lyof] . d ljdfg r9\gx] ?sf] nfOgdf nfu]sf] lyPF . ljdfgdf al; ;s]kl5 kl/ro ePsf] lyof],

d;Fus } f] l;6df a:g] dflg;;Fu . pgL k'/g ysfnL gfd u/]sf o'js /x]5g\— ci6]l« nofdf k9\b} u/]sf . dkl5sf] l;6df a:g] lrtjgsf bDktL /x]5g\ . pgLx? klg 5f]/fnfO{ e]6g\ ci6]l« nof g} hfg nfu]sf . oyf;dod} ljdfg p8]sf] lyof] . cToGt gofF lyof] ljdfg . 5'Fbf klg bfu nfUnf ls h:tf] . eGbf geGb} Tof] ljdfg p8\g yfn]sf] kGw| lbg dfq ePsf] /x]5 . To; ljdfgn] prfO lnP/ ha cfsfzdf aUg nfu]sf] lyof], zfGt lyof] xnrn k6Ss} lyPg . t/ ha afbn b]Vof] ta 56k6fpg yfNof] . d]/f] dgdf nfu]sf] lyof]— s:tf] ljdfg xf] of] < ;fFRr} l;Nsh:t} . afbn b]Vof] ls n'6k'l6g] . clg t PgfpG; eof]— …gcflQg' xf]nf, w}o{ ug'{ xf]nf, a]N6 /fd|f; ] uF s;]/ a:g' xf]nf .Ú o;/L emG8} kfF r 306f nufP/ ljdfg l;ª\ufk'/sf] rfª\uL Po/kf]6{df cf]n{]sf] lyof] .

Po/kf]6{ leqs} PDa]:8/ xf]6ndf d}n] /fqL lj>fd u/]sf] lyPF . csf{] lbg o'gfO6]8 Po/nfOG;af6 emG8} ;f9] 5 306f nufP/ hfkfgsf] gfl/tf Po/kf]6{ / To;kl5 ;f]xL Po/nfOG;sf] csf{] ljdfgdf rf}w 3G6f a;]/ cfOP8L Po/kf]6{ cyf{t\ elh{lgof /fHodf kg{] OG6/g]zgn Po/kf]6{ ckm 8Nnf;df cf]ns ]{ f] lyPF . slt nfdf] ofqf u/]F t d}n— ] emG8} t]x| xhf/ dfOn . hLjgsf] ;a}eGbf nfdf] ofqf . h] rLh klg l7Ss eof] eg] hLjg ;Gt'lnt x'G5 cGoyf ljk/Lt . ;j{;l' jwf ;DkGg cf;gdf a;]/ ofqf ubf{ of] c;To eP dnfO{ ysfO gnfUg' kg{] lyof] . nfUof], /ft lbgsf] qmd g} plN6g]u/L ;fFRr} g} d ;'Tg' kg{] a]nfdf p7\g] / p7\g' kg{] a]nfdf ;'Tg] kl/l:ylt;Fu h'Wb} lyPF . ca d}n] cfkm"nfO{ cd]l/sL e"uf]n / cd]l/sL xfjfkfgLdf ldnfpg' lyof] . ofjt\ :d[ltx? t/ª\lut x'bF } lyP d]/f] dl:tsidf . s'g a]nf lgbfP5' yfxf kfOgF . /ftL b'O{ ah]lt/ lgb|f v'Nof], To;kl5 t lgb|} nfu]g . lgb|f gk'u] h:tf], 6fpsf] ef/L eP h:tf], c;lhnf] dx;'; eO /Xof] . b'O{ ljk/Lt uf]nfw{df cfPsf] ;dofGt/sf sf/0f /ft / lbgsf] ;Gt'ng ldNg g;Sbf o:tf] ePsf] x'g ;Sg] d}n] cg'dfg nufPF . laxfgel/ e';S' s} ;'t/] ;]ldgf/ pb\3f6gsf]

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sfo{qmddf ;lDdlnt x'g kf] g;lsg] xf] ls eGg] 8/ af]s]/ ;'t]sf] d}n] Tof] ;d:of ef]Ug' k/]g . k|ftMsfnLg lqmof ;dfKt u/]/ lxhf] a]ns ' f pknAw ePsf] sfo{qmd tflnsfsf] kmfOn kN6fPF . k|To]s s'/f n]lvPsf] lyof], kmfOndf ;+nUg sfuhftx?df . slt lbg a:g] Û s'g s'g lbg s] s] ug{] Û s:tf] s:tf] n'uf nufpg] Û sxfF sxfF hfg] Û s] s] ug{] Û ;]ldgf/df s] s] ljifodfly ax; ug{] Û s] s:tf n]Sr/x? ;'Gg] Û s] s] vfg] Û sf] sf] ;Fu e]63f6 ug{] Û s] slt kfpg] Û 6]lnkmf]g ;~rfng s;/L ug{] / cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf s'/fx? ;d]t la; lbgsf] sfo{qmd pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] / of] klg n]lvPsf] lyof]— ;do kl/l:yltnfO{ x]/L sfo{qmddf s]xL km]/abn klg x'g ;Sg]5 . d ;f9] ;ftlt/ sfo{qmdsf] kmfOn af]s]/ xf]6nsf] kfrf}F tnfaf6 lnˆ6dfkm{t\ e'OtF nfdf cf]n,+{] o;y{ ls d}n] ToxfF cfwf 3G6fleq a|s ] kmf:6 ul/ ;Sg' kYof{] / cf7 ah] xf]6n cufl8 plePsf] a;df rl9 ;Sg' kYof{] . 8fOlgª xndf k'Ubf ;fyLx? a|]skmf:6 vfFb} lyP, sf]xL vfgsf nflu cfpFb} lyP . slt lr;f] Û clnslt tftf] eg]sf] cG8fsf] kl/sf/ / sfpnL–cfn'sf] t/sf/L dfq . bfFt} emgg ug{] lr;f] kmnkm"n / e]h;nfb -s]/f, sfFqmf], d]jf, e'Os F 6x/, ufh/, va'h { f_ . sg{ˆn;df /fVg] b"w klg lr;f] Û b"w klg s] b"w < la; k|ltzt b"w eg]/ n]lvPs} lyof] efF8f]df . s;/L vfG5g\ oL cd]l/sLx? olt lr;f] < a/km xfn]/ lrof vfg] hfkfgLx?;Fu t d k/]s} lyPF, lr;f] kfgL vfFb} gvfg] lrlgofFx?sf] ;ª\ut klg d}n] u/]s} lyPF t/ la; k|ltzt b"w ePsf] lr;f] kfgL vGofP/ sg{ˆn; vfg] cd]l/sL b]vs ] f] lyOgF . ca cfP/ logLx?;Fu klg vfg] s'/fdf ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg{] g} eof] . a|]skmf:6 vfFbf lr;f] ePsf] k]6df 7'nf] Knfli6ssf] lunf;el/ skmL xfn]/ tftf] agfpFb} d aflx/ lg:s]F . cxf] Û slt hf8f] Û l;l/l//L lr;f] xfjf Û wGg :jL6/ / sf]6 nufP/ lg:s]F5' . ;fyLx?sf] kf];fs x]/— F] clwsf+z sf]6df lyP, sf]xL Hofs]6df / sf]xL xfkm;6{df klg t/ :jL6/ nufPsf] sf]xL b]lvgF . dgdg} ;f]r— F] ;a}n] dx;'; u/]sf

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xf]nfg\— a? kGtn] g} l7s u¥of] . a;df eg] Gofgf] lyof] . ;f]r— F] cd]l/sLx?n] ug{ ;Sg] ;a} u/]sf 5g\ . eP e/sf ;Dk"0f{ 3/ Gofgf] kf/]sf 5g\ . ;jf/L ;fwgx?nfO{ ;d]t jftfg'sl" nt agfPsf 5g\ t/ k|sl[ tnfO{ lhTg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lhTg ;Sg] eP n8\y] xf]nfg\ k|sl[ t;Fu klg . ˆofFSy] xf]nfg\ cfsfzdf s'g} tTTj / /fVy] xf]nfg\ k|s[ltnfO{ d'7\7Ldf . clg jif{GYof] xf]nf eg]sf] a]nfdf kfgL Û nfUYof] xf]nf eg]sf] a]nfdf 3fd / afbn Û axGYof] xf]nf dgdflkms xfjf Û t/ grfxFbf grfxFb} klg aUbf] /x]5 lr;f] jfo' . 9fSbf] /x]5 afbnn] cfsfz . kbf{] /x]5 kfgL / v:bf] /x]5 v'6\6} u8\g] lxpF . a; lxF8s ] f] 5 ;]ldgf/ :ynlt/ . kfFr} ldg]6df e]l6of] Pp6f gbL . …s] xf] o;sf] gfd <Ú …kf]6f]Dofs gbL .Ú l8;L / elh{lgof /fHosf] ;Ldf/]vf /x]5 kf]6f]Dofs gbL . oL b'O{ /fHonfO{ 5'6\ofP h:t} clnslt dfly uO ;s]kl5 o;}u/L 5'6o\ fpFbf] /x]5 elh{lgof / d]l/NofG8nfO{ o; gbLn] . gbLdflysf] ljzfn k'nnfO{ k5fl8 kf/] kl5 xfdL xfOj]df w]/} u'8g] f}F . clnslt j/k/ ub{} sl/a sl/a gbLs} wf/nfO{ k5\ofpFb} xfdL aUof}F blIf0flt/ . st} 3/x?sf] cf8af6, st} af6f] 5]pdf nufOPsf j[If jg:kltx?sf] 5fofFaf6, st} l5b|l5b|af6 lrxfO /x]sf ;"o/{ lZd ldl>t l5/la/] af6f]df n'sfdf/L v]Nb}, df]8, bf]af6f] / rf}af6f]x?sf lgodx?nfO{ kfngf ub{} a; u'l8 /Xof] / lxF8s ] f] cfwf 306fdf Pp6f 7'nf] ejg cufl8 k'u/] /f]lsof]— o'P; l8km]G; o'lgel;{6L . xf]6naf6 a;df r9\bf;Dd lr;f]sf] cg'ej eP h:t} ToxfF klg a;af6 cf]n/{] To; ejgleq l5bf{;Dd lr;f]sf] cg'el" t eof] . ;'/Iff hfFrdf sl/a kGw| ldg]6 / lrof skmLdf To:t} kGw| ldg]6hlt vlr{Pkl5 l7s gf} ah] g];fsf 8fO/]S6/ h]D;af6 ;]ldgf/sf] cf}krfl/s pb\3f6g eof] . ;xefuL kl/ro / ;]ldgf/sf] cf}lrTodfly k|sfz kfbf{ s]xL ;do vlr{g' kg{] ePsf]n] klxnf] lbg b'O{ j6f dfq n]Sr/ /flvPsf] lyof] . 6L a|]s / nGr ;lxt rf/ ah] ;]ldgf/ ;lsPkl5 xfdL h;/L

uPsf lyof}F To;}u/L kmls{of}F xf]6n . ))) cd]l/sf a:g] y'k}| ;fyLefO / cfkmGtx?nfO{ kmf]g ug'{ lyof] d}n] . lxhf] dnfO{ sf8{af6 kmf]g ug{] tl/sf yfxf gePsf] / ysfO ;d]tn] ubf{ hfFu/ rn]g . Pp6f b'ef{Uo s] lyof] eg] l8eL k/]/ elh{lgof a:b} u/]sf d]/f efO a'xf/L l7s o;} a]nf g]kfn kms{s ] f lyP . pgLx? ePsf] eP d]/f] cd]l/sf a;fOF c¿ ;xh x'GYof] . ;fob a;fOF klg b'O{ rf/ lbg c¿ nlDag ;SYof] . t/ dnfO{ efO s]zjn] s]xL o:tf ;xof]uL ;fyLx?sf] kmf]g gDa/ lbFb} eg]sf] lyof] — ltgLx?nfO{ kmf]g u/]kl5 tkfO{n + fO{ d gePsf] dx;'; x'g] 5}g . x'g t d]/f klg s]xL ;flxTosf/ / snfsf/ ;fyLx? lyP . pgLx?sf] ;xof]u kof{Kt kfpg ;S5' eGg] dnfO{ ljZjf; lyof] . lsgeg] dnfO{ ;w}e F l/ ;xof]u rflx /xg kg{] klg t xf]Og . 5'66\ Lsf] lbg ;fyLx?nfO{ klg cg'sn " ePsf] a]nf kf/]/ b'js } f] tfnd]n ldNof] eg] dfq 3'Dg] of]hgf / cGo sfo{qmdx? to x'g ;Sy] . d kmf]g ub{} uPF, bh{gf}F kmf]g u/]F . w]/; } uF s'/f eof] . sf]xL sfdaf6 kmls{ ;s]sf /x]g 5g\, pgLx?sf] kl/jf/;Fu s'/f eof] . d}n] hlt;Fu s'/f u/]F, ltgLx?;Fusf leGg leGg cg'ej 5g\ d]/f . h'g cg'ejx? ofqf qmddf cfpg] 36gfjnLdf kl/k"/s ag]sf 5g\ . d}n] hf] h;nfO{ kmf]g u/],F ltgLx?nfO{ d}n] ;ª\If]kdf eg]— F …d ;/sf/L sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf oxfF cfPsf] 5' / xf]6ndf a;]sf] 5' . d]/f] a;fOF cd]l/sfdf Ps dlxgf x'g5 ] . a]ns ' fkv jf km';b{ ePsf] a]nfdf jf 5'6\6Lsf] a]nfdf o;} gDa/df kmf]g u/]/ tkfO{+ dnfO{ lng cfpg' eof] eg] d tkfO{; + uF a:g÷3'Dg kfpg] 5' .Ú t/ d}n] of] s'/f hfg]/} :ki6 elggF ls— dnfO{ a:g] vfg] ;a} ;'ljwf cd]l/sL ;/sf/af6} pknAw 5 . ;fob o;} c:ki6tfn] w]/n } fO{ zª\sf hGdfof] xf] n f Û kmf] g ;Dks{ ePsf bh{ g eGbf a9L JolStx?dWo] rf/÷kfFr 7fpFaf6 dfq kmf]g cfof] . hf] h;n] dnfO{ kmf]g u/], tL oyfy{df dnfO{ dfof ug{] dflg; lyP . ltgLx? dnfO{ lng df]6/ lnP/} cfP . ltgLx?sf] 3/df uP/ d}n] k|d ] k"js { vfgf

vfPF / k|d ] f]kxf/ lnP/ kms{F] . ltgLx?sf] gfd d}n] lnO /fVg' kb{g} , ofqf ljj/0fn] lnG5 . t/ h;n] dnfO{ kmf]g ug{ cfjZos 7fg]gg\, ltgLx?sf] gfd klg d}n] lng cfjZos k/]g . lsgeg] pgLx?;Fu a;]/ dfof afF8g\ ] cj;/ dnfO{ ldn]g / pgLx?nfO{ of] cj;/ lbg ?lrs/ nfu]g eg] To:tf] clk|o rrf{ d lsg ul/ /x"F < t/ d}n] clk|o nfUbfnfUb} klg Pp6f ;Gbe{ sf]6o\ fpg cfjZos lsg 7fg]sf] 5' eg] h'g 36gfn] dleq Pp6f ulx/f] 5fk 5f8]sf] 5 . pSt dd{:kzL{ cg'e"ltn] c¿nfO{ klg Ps k6s uDeL/ eP/ ;f]Rg afWo agfpg] 5 / w]/}nfO{ hLjgdf gofF kf7 l;Sg] cj;/ ldNg] 5 .

Ps hgf ldq lyP cd]l/sfdf . hLjgsf ljleGg sf]0f k|ltsf]0f dWo] s'g} Ps sf]0faf6 glhs dflgPsf ldq . hLjg rqmdf sltko o:tf s'/fx? x'G5g\, h;nfO{ xfdLn] s'g} 6f9f / s'g} glhs agfP/ x]g}{ ;Sb}gf}F . ltgLx?sf] cf–cfˆg} dxTTj x'G5 / tL ;a} ljifo j:t'n] hLjgsf kfOnf kfOnfdf k|efj 5fl8 /x]sf x'G5g\ . d}n] cjnDag u/]sf] hLjgsf] dxTTjk"0f{ kIf;Fu ;lGgs6 dflgPsf Ps hgf ldqsf] gfd d}n] zLif{:yfgdf /fv]sf] lyPF / a8f] dxTTj lbP/ kmf]g klg u/]sf] lyPF . o;y{ ls pgL;Fu a:g]÷vfg]÷3'Dg] y'k}| ;kgfx? b]vs ] f] lyPF d}n,] cyf{t\ cd]l/sf a;fOFsf y'k}| kfgfx? pgsf] gfddf vlr{g5 ] g\ . tL ldqnfO{ kmf]g gug{] t emg\ s'/} ePg . kmf]g u/]F c¿nfO{ u/]h:t} k|fylds ;"rLdf /fv]/ . pgn] pN6} k|Zg u/]— F …crDd} eof] tkfO{n + ] dnfO{ kmf]g ug'{ eof] . sxfFaf6 kmf]g ug'{ eof] <Ú …cfZro{ dfGg] s'/' } 5}g ldq Û d tkfO{+ a;]s} /fHodf cfO k'us ] f] 5' / clxn] xf]6ndf a;]sf] 5' .Ú — d}n] eg]F . …P Û To;} eP/ kf] kmf]g ug'{ ePsf] /x]5 cGoyf tkfO{+n] kmf]g ug'{ x'g] lyPg . d]/f] Tolt sfd klg gu/]/ kG5fO lbg' ePsf] t d}n] e'ns ] f] 5}g lg ÛÚ — pgn] eg] . …ldq Û klxnf] s'/f t Tof] d]/f] xftdf dfq lyPg, xfd|f] ;fd"lxs bfloTj lyof] . ;d"xut ¿kdf ;DkGg ug'{ kg{] sfd lyof] cyf{t\ To;df d]/f] dfq geP/ w]/} hgfsf] ;xdlt cfjZos kYof{] . bf];f| ]

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s'/f, Tof] sfd ;DkGg u/]/ tkfO{+ jf xfdL s'g} kIfn] klg h; kfOg] lyPg . t;y{ xtf/ gu/f},F Tof] sfd sfof{Gjog ug'{ eGbf klxn] tkfO{+ xfdL a;]/ k'glj{rf/ u/f}F . ;a}sf] a'l4 ljj]s / ljåtfnfO{ k|of]u u/f}F . sfd ul/ ;s]kl5 k|z; + gLo sfd u/f}F eGg] d]/f] wf/0ff xf] . o;nfO{ cGoyf lng' x'Fb}g .Ú— d]/f] egfO /Xof] . …sfd l7s lyof], w]/n } ] l7s 7x¥ofPsf] sfd lyof] . tkfO{n + ] rfx]sf] eP Tof] sfd x'GYof] . tkfO{n + ] grfx]/ g} Tof] sfd ePg .Ú pgn] bf]ifsf] efuLbf/ agfP dnfO{ . …ef] 5f8f}F ldq Û cfhsf oL c;fGble{s s'/fx? . a;]/ k'gM 5nkmn u/f}n F f . cfhsf] s'/f

u/f}F . d cfPsf] 5' tkfO{n + ] km';b{ lgsfn]/ d a;]sf] 7fpFdf cfpg ;Sg' eof] eg] tkfO{s + f] lgjf; x]g,]{ ;':jfb' ef]hg vfg] / ;'Gb/ :ynx?sf] cjnf]sg ug{] cj;/ ldNg]5 . ctM df}sf ldnfP/ o;} gDa/df kmf]g ug'{ xf]nf . d tkfO{s + f] kmf]gsf] k|ltIff ul/ /xg] 5' .Ú— d}n] ljgd|tf k|s6 u/]F . oL jftf{nfkkl5 d cd]l/sf a:bf;Dd tL ldqn] kmf]g u/]gg\ . pgn] cfˆgf] km';b{ nfO{ x]//] dfq kmf]g ug'{ kg{] ePsf] x'bF f d}n] sfddf afwf kfg{ klg plrt 7flggF . g]kfn kms{s ] f] w]/} ;do;Dd klg kmf]g cfPg / clxn];Dd klg pgsf] af]nL ;'Gg] ;f}efUo dnfO{ ldn]sf] 5}g . zª\sf 5, ;fob kl5 klg ======= . ;

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sf]Nk'–s'l~hgL sfJo ofqf /fd]Zj/ /fpt ‘dft[bf;’ dxfk'?ifn] 6]s]sf] df6f] ;w}F ;DemgLo / uf}/jzfnL x'G5 . …lemN6'ªÚ g'jfsf]6 lhNnfdf cjl:yt Ps u|fdL0f Onfsf xf] . lemN6'ª, dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf] dfdf;;'/fnL ufpF klg . oxL 7fpFdf a;]/ dxfslj b]jsf]6fn] nf]slk|o v08sfJo s'l~hgLsf] ;+/rgf ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . o; P]ltxfl;s ynf]sf] cjnf]sg ug]{ w]/} klxn]bl] vs} Pp6f ld7f] sNkgf dgdf ;nanfO /x]sf] lyof] . ;don] o;kfln Tof] cj;/nfO{ h'6fO lbof] . d"ntM …Hof]ltÚ ;flxlTos klqsfsf] @) cf}F cª\sdf ;flxTosf/ clgn zdf{n] lemN6'ª, dxfslj b]jsf]6f, v08sfJo s'l~hgL / gfos uf]/] /fptsf] af/]df k|efjsf/L k|sfz kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] .

ToxL cfn]vn] w]/s } f] dgdf s'l~hgL v08sfJo / To;sf] kl/j]z …lemN6'ªÚ e|d0f ug]{ lh1f;f hufof] . …t cfF6, d k'¥ofpF5Ú' eg] em}F xfdL s]xL ;fyLx? ldn]/ …lemN6'ª sfJo–ofqfÚsf] af/]df of]hgf agfof}F . :yfgLo ;flxTosf/, ;flxTo k|]dL / ;flxTo– l;h{gfk|lt cufw cle?lr /fVg] lzIfsx?sf] klg /fd|f] ;xeflutf / cfTdLo ;xof]u /x]sf] lyof] . @)&) kmfu' g !& ut] xfdL gf} hgf ;flxTosf/x?sf] 6f]nL laxfg gf} ah] wflbª uN5L x'Fb} sf]Nk' vf]nf] t¥of}F . xfd|f] k|tLIffdf dxfb]j pRr df=lj=sf k|wfgfWofks s]bf/ k|;fb g]kfn x'g' x'bF f] /x]5 . sf]Nk' / lqz'nLsf] ;ª\udaf6 xfd|f] …lemN6'ª sfJo–ofqfÚ cf/De eof] . lqz'nLsf] nfdf] emf]nª' u\ ] k'n t/]/ xfdL sNn]/L 6f/ nfUof}F . j;Gt Ct'sf] cf/De–cf/fwgfdf pdª\lut k|sl[ t kof{j/0f / nueu b'O{ ;o x]S6/ If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] sNn]/L 6f/df km'ns ] f] kx]n F k'/

tf]/L / t/sf/L v]tLn] ;a}sf] dgnfO{ k|km'lNnt agfof] . sNn]/L l;FrfO of]hgfn] cfsfz] v]tLdf e/ kg'{ kg]{ 6f/nfO{ clxn] af¥x} dlxgf x/fe/f agfPsf] /x]5 . /fi6«fG] gltsf] of] k|z; + gLo sfd b]v]/ dg v';Ln] k'nlst aGof] . ;fNdnLsf a} + ; fn' hjfgLn] j/k/sf] jftfj/0fnfO{ g} cfglGbt agfO /x]sf] lyof] . b'O{ ltg lbg ToxL dgf]/d k|sl[ tsf] sfvdf 9nLdnL u/]/ latfpF em}F eO /x]sf] lyof] . OR5fsf] kmfF6 hlt km}lnP klg ;dosf] ;fª\nf]n] 5'6 lbPg . wflbªsf] sNn]/L 6f/nfO{ r'd/] xfdL sf]Nk'6f/ nfUof}F . sf7df8f}Fsf] d?e"ldaf6 uPsf xfdL, lqz'nLsf] cd[tdo sNsnfpFbf] kfgL b]v/] dg vlk g;Sg' eP/ nf]leg' :jfefljs} lyof] . emf]nª' u\ ] k'naf6} lqz'nLnfO{ dg c3fpGhL gdg e/]/ sf]Nk'sf] psfnf] clUnFb} uof}F . sfnf] afbnn] cfsfznfO{ 9fSb} cfO /x]sf] lyof] . j;Gtsf] 8fnL 8fnLdf GofpnLsf] lj/x ;'g/] s'l~hgL / uf]/] /fptsf] k|d] k|;ª\unfO{ emNsfO /x]sf] cg'et" eO /x]sf] lyof] . s]xL a]/kl5 xfdL dxfb]j p=df=lj= k'Uof}F . ljBfnosf] jftfj/0f Jojl:yt /x]5 . sf]Nk' / lqz'nLsf] ;ªud :yndf cjl:yt o; ljBfnosf] af/]df ;f]xL ljBfnosf k|=c= s]bf/k|;fb g]kfnn] k|sfz kfg'{ eof] . o; e|d0fsf] d'Vo xtf{stf{ pxfF g} ePsfn] ToxfFsf] j:t' l:yltdf pTkGg ePsf cfcfˆgf lh1f;fTds k|Zg / pTt/ klg xfdLn] pxfFaf6} kfof}F . xl/ofnL–jgkfvf, b]p/fnL, eGHofª / rf}tf/L x'Fb} xfd|f] sflJos ofqf sf]Nk'sf] psfnf] nlDs /x]sf] lyof] . kmfu'gsf] dWo t/ df};dn] eg] c;f/ / ;fpgnfO{ la;f{O /x]sf] lyof] . jl/kl/ s'O/f]n]

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8Dd 9fs]/ lbg}el/ emdemd em/L kl/ g} /Xof] . k[YjLtnnfO{ k'/} 9fs]sf] cfsfz g} xfdL ;a}sf] ;femf 5ftf lyof] . ToxL 5ftfn] g} lg/Gt/ jiff{ u/fPsfn] xfdLx?n] klg s[lqd 5ftf cf]9g] f}F jiff{n] ;s];Dd ?emfpg] / xfdL ?‰g tof/ eof}F . of] qmd lbg}el/ rln /Xof] . ;fnsf s'sg' fx? kmlqmP/ jgnfO{ iff]8;L ;f}Gbo{n] l;+uf/]sf] dgdf]xs b[Zo bz{gdf xfdL cfglGbt eO /Xof}F . dfgf},F xfd|f] cfudgnfO{ s'l~hgLn] cd[t jiff{P/ :jfut ul/ /x]sL 5g\ . ;fob pgn] 7flgg\ xf]nf, pgsf] x[bo Kof/f] uf]/] /fpt jiff}{+sf] nfx'/ ofqf k'/f u/]/ pgs} ;Demgfsf] kf]N6fdf 5'gd ' g' ' ug{ cfO k'us ] f] 5 . cxf] Û lar/L s'l~hgL kflQP/ lbg}el/ pv/dfpnf] dRrfO /lxg\ . jiff}b+{ l] vsf] lk/sf] kf]sf] pgn] vGofpg' vGofOg\ . slxn] l;/l;/ t slxn] x'gx'gfpFbf] cfFwL d8fl/P/ jgsf h/fd'/f / ?vla?jf ;a}nfO{ a]kQf;Fu p7fpFnf em}F uly{g\ . Ps lx;fan] of] :jfefljs klg lyof], cfkm\gf] cwf{ªu\ nfO{ x/]s cwf{ªl\ ugLx?n] 3'Sof{P/ / km'Sof{P/ o;/L g} dgsf] jx kf]Vg] u5{g\ . dgsf] jx lj/x kf]v/] ?Gy] uf]/] b'O{ cfFvf 5f]k/] lqz'nLsf] lt/}lt/ hLjg–Hjfnf em/L s'l~hgLsf] cfF;' pNof]{ s7} Û h'gLel/ slxn] cfpF5f} hLjgsf] b'jf/ em'Ns] 3fd of] ltd|} d'xf/ lemN6'ª em5{ sf]Nk' sxfF ;nanfpF5 rf]nf of] h'lgdf km]l/ e]6 x'G5 x'Gg xf]nf tk:ofsf] tfFbf]tfgL lqz'nLsf] lz/df slxn];Dd vKg' s7} hLjg lk/}lk/df ltdL eof} k/b]zL kx/f 5}gg\ sf]xL hLjgsf] ;xf/f GofpnLdf cjtl/t s'l~hgLsf] s?0ff ev{/ kmqmFb} u/]sf ;fnsf s'sg' faf6 cg'ul' ~ht eO /x] em}F nfUYof] . sNkgfsf] 8f]nL af]s/] 6f]8s \ ,] v8\u 5fk x'bF } xfdL /fh cf]8f/ k'Uof}F . lbgel/ kfgLn] r'6/] nvt/fg k/]sf xfdLx?dWo] clwsf+z ;flxTosf/x? n}gf] kf8f] em}F w/fªw'?ª ub}{ /fhcf]8f/leq k:of}F .

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klZrdlt/ /fgL cf]8f/ klg /x]sf] s'/f s]bf/ g]kfnn] atfpg' eof] . ef]s / ysfgn] n]:g' kf/]sf] z/L/nfO{ xfdLn] /fgL cf]8f/lt/ nfg rfx]gf}F . uf;sf] cQf]kQf] geP klg af;sf] aGbf]a:t /fh cf]8f/} kfOg] lglZrt ePsf] k|;ª\u p7fP/ lgs}a/] xfdLx? cfZj:t eof}F . k|fs[lts ¿kd} algagfp ePsf] Pp6f 7'nf] xfTtLsf] cfs[lt klg cf]8f/sf] cu|efudf /x]5 . ;'vd\ b'vd\ krf;–;f7L hgfnfO{ a;f]af;sf] aGbf]a:t ldnfpg ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] /fh cf]8f/sf] cfsif{0f klg lemN6'ªsf] dxTTjk"0f{ ;Dkbf /x]5 . /fh cf]8f/sf] k"jk{ 6\l6 csf]{ ;fgf] cfsf/sf] cf]8f/ klg /x]5 . ;DejtM of] hg cf]8f/ x'g' kg]{ s]xL ;fyLx?n] nv sf6] . h]xf];\ dfG5]sf] nufgL / k|of; ljgf k|fs[lts ¿kd} algagfp ePsf o:tf ;Dkbfx?sf] ;+/If0f / k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ ;s] ;a}sf nflu lemN6'ª e|d0fLo :yn x'g ;Sg] k|z:t ;Defjgf af]s]/ a;]sf] /x]5 . /fh cf]8f/df cfwf 3G6f ysfO ydfP/ xfd|f] psfnf] ofqf cufl8 a9\of] . 7fpF 7fpFdf /x]sf cUnf / ljzfn j/kLkn / ToxfF lgld{t rf}tf/Lx?n] cfTdLo :jfut ul/ /x]sf lyP . xfd|f] hLjg Ps lsl;dn] 6f6\gfsf] l8ª\uf] eGbf dfly p7\g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;j{u0' f ;DkGg b]z xfdLnfO{ k|fKt 5 t/ xfd|f nflu of] afFb/sf] k'R5/ nf}/f] g xltof/ ePsf] 5 . vf]nfsf] uLt h:tf] cyjf af6fsf] dfbn eGbf klg cGoyf gxf]nf em}F eO /x]sf] 5 . oL b'ef{Uok"0f{ lbgx?nfO{ ;f}efUodf kl/0ft u/fpg] cfF6 / c7f]6 ghGd];Dd xfd|f z'e lbgx? xfdL ;fd' cfpg] ;Defjgf IfL0f 5 . uf];fOF yfgb]lv t/ª\lut x'bF } ;nanfpFb} au]sL lqz'nL, Tof] :jR5 / lgd{n kfgLsf] cd"No ;d[l4 o'uf}bF l] v TolQs} alu /x]sf] 5 . dl;gf s]6fs]6Lx? 3/–cfFugdf 6fd]6d ' ] b]lvG5g\ . pd]/ cf]/fnf] eml/ ;s]sf j[4j[4fx? dfofn' cfzdf cf]OnfO /x]sf 5g\ . gjhjfgx? d'unfg emg]{ qmd p:t} /x]5 . b]z ;d[4zfnL eP/ s] ug',{ Xnf;fdf ;'g 5 sfg d]/f] a'Rr} ePsf 5fF} xfdL g]kfnLx? . clwsf+z pa{/ hldg gfªu} e'tª' u} / yf/} klN6 /x]sfn] hLjgsf nflu cToGt cfjZosLo vfBfGg vlk

g;Sg';uF dxFlub} 5 . d'ns ' sf] ljlw Joj:yf …lau|s ] f] 3/sf] eTs]sf] rfn, htf x]¥of] ‰ofn}‰ofn ePÚkl5 gful/sx? dfp d/]sf] af6f] x'g] kl/l:ylt km}ln /xFbf] /x]5 . dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fn] cfˆgf] ;dodf ;+/rgf ug'{ ePsf] s'l~hgL / p; a]nfsf] kl/l:ylt, kfq / k|:t'lt ablnP klg afFsL ;a} s'/f oyfjt af]w eof] . …af]naf]n d5nL d'vel/ kfgL, lqz'nL eO au]s} 5g\ b'O{ gogsf gfgL .Ú o:t} o:t} ;sf/fTds÷gsf/fTds sNkgfsf 3f]8f r9\bf r9\b} xfdL b'O{ j6f ‰ofDd k/]sf] kLknsf] rf}tf/Ldf k'Uof}F . xf], oxL 7fpF xf] dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fn] lqz'nLsf] ;nanfpFbf] a}; F x]//] s'l~hgL v08sfJosf] sNkgf ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . dxfslj;Fu ;fIffTsf/ x'g] a'9fkfsfx?n] eg]/ ;'g] ;'gfPsf] ls+jbGtLsf] ;'uGw cfhef]ln klg b'O{ kLkn, lemN6'ªdf Ho'F sf To'F /x]5 . ofqf / pb\bZ] osf] d"n df}nf]df ;kmntfk"js { k'Ug kfPsf]df j[x:klt u|xd} k'u] em}F ePsf lyof} xfdL . sf]xL t:jL/ lvRg Jo:t lyP eg] sf]xL ef]s, ltvf{ / ysfOn] r}t] afFb/sf] xfntdf lyof}F . jl/kl/ eml/em'Kk a/au}r F fn] ;lhPsf] glhs}sf] Pp6f 3/dfly xfd|f cfFvf cl8P . ToxLF /x]5 s'l~hgL v08sfJosf] sNkgf ynf] . blIf0f k6\l6sf] bfl8dsf] a'9f] ?v / pTt/–klZrd k6\l6sf] Pp6f ljzfn Ro'/Lsf] j[Ifn] ;a}nfO{ xflb{s :jfut u/] . ‰ofn, 9f]sf v'Nn} lyP . wfld{s k':tssf s]xL hL0f{ kfgfx? Pp6f afs;df lgGofp/f] d'v nfP/ al; /x]sf] kfof}F . km/flsnf] cfFug, hxfFaf6 rf/} lbzf bz{g ug{ ;lsGYof] . z'ef/Desf] sfJo ofqf oxLF ;fª\Uo eof] . dxfsljsf] s'l~hgL sfJo u[xnfO{{ gdg u/]/ ofqfsf] lbzf af; / ufF;sf] hf]uf8lt/ df]8fof}F . s]xLa]/sf] kfOnf cf]xf]/–bf]xf]/kl5 xfdL s]bf/ g]kfnsf] 3/df k'Uof}F .

6\jfSs lha|f] /;fpg] ;fFbs ] f] u'Gb|s ' , e'6s ] f] ds}, ev{/ ev{/} k]n/] ksfPsf] tfhf v'bf] / ;Sv/af6 cfltYo cEofut -:jfut_ eof] . xfdL ;a}sf nflu of] cf}wL clj:d/0fLo ;do /Xof] . lbgel/sf] ?emfg / lx+8fO, Tof] If0fnfO{ xfdLn] lems]Zj/L b]jLsf] s[kfk"0f{ cfzLjf{b g} ePsf] dx;'; u¥of}F .

a]ns ' fsf] vfg / af;sf] aGbf]a:t lr/~hLlj nfld5fg]sf] 3/df to ul/Psf] /x]5 . s]bf/ g]kfn, lr/~hLlj nfld5fg], aRr'/fd nfld5fg] nufotsf ;fyLx?n] sf]Nk' sfJo ofqfnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ clj:d/0fLo ;xof]u / ;b\efj b]vfpg' eof] . lr/~hLlj nfld5fg] / pxfFsL efpHo'n] b]vfpg' ePsf] cfltYo ;Tsf/n] xfd|f] cfB ;+:s[ltnfO{ hLjGt /fVg ;w}F jt{g ylk /xg] ljZjf;sf] aQL hufO /x]sf] 5 . …rl/sf] s] 3/ 5 /, /ft sf6\of] 8fnLdf a;]/Ú eg] em} F lgb| f b] j Lsf] sfvaf6 cfF v f vf] N bf emndnfpFbf] laxfg eO ;s]sf] lyof] . cfcfˆgf tfDnf sfDnf af]s/] xfdL 8anL -b'O{ kLkn_ lt/ nfUof}F . b'O{ kLknsf] 6'Kkfdf lemN6'ª sf]6sf] eUgfjz]if /x]5 . sf]6sf] jl/kl/sf hUuf qmdzM cltqmd0fsf] rfkdf k/]/ wdfwd rf]Ol6Fb} /x]5g\ . df}nf] oyfjt /x]5 . bz}Fdf ljlwjt k"hf cr{gf ug]{ / hd/f 3/nfO{ cBfjlw sfod /fv]/ cfˆgf] ;+:s[ltnfO{ arfpg] k|of;k|lt xfdL ;a}n] k|z; + fsf] km"nkftL r9fof}F . s'O/fsf] 3'D6f]n] cfˆgf] ;f}Gbo{ 5f]k/] a}z + fn' lqz'nL d':s'/fO /x]sL lyOg\ . lemN6'ª sf]6sf] pTt/ k"jk{ 6\l6 8/nfUbf] le/sf] 6fs'/f] /x]5 . d'l:snn] eL/sf] uf}8F f] l5rf]nk] l5 xfdL s'df/L sfd?sf] dlGb/df k'Uof}F . s'df/L sfd?sf] bz{gkl5 xfdL sfJo uf]i7L ;df/f]x :yndf uof}F . sfo{qmd sfd? p=df=lj=sf] k|fª\u0fdf /flvPsf] /x]5 . ev{/ lgdf{0f sfo{ k'/f ePsf] cTofw'lgs ljBfnosf ;a} sIff sf]7fx? Jojl:yt lyP . pSt ljBfnosf] dxTTjk"0f{ cfsif{0f rflxF k':tsfno /x]5 . u|fdL0f If]qdf cjl:yt ljBfnodf olt Jojl:yt k':tsfno la/n} b]Vg kfOG5 . of] k|z; + gLo sfo{df Wofg k'¥ofpg] ljBfnosf ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/hg cjZod]j wGojfbsf xsbf/ 5g\ . To; z'e sfo{nfO{ xf]:6]df x}; F ] k'¥ofpg rf/ ;o k':tsx? lgz'Ns k|bfg ug{ …lgem{/ lbnr]t jfª\do k|lti7fgÚ tTk/ /x]sf] k|lta4tf cWoIfsf] x}l;otn] d}n] u/]F . ;flxTosf/ clgn zdf{sf] k|dv ' cfltYodf slj uf]i7L ;DkGg eof] . dft[sf kf]v/]n, s[i0fb]j l/dfn, ofbj/fh 3n], sf]dngfy cfq]o, k|fN] nf; l;Gw'nLo, s]bf/ g]kfn, lr/l~hjL nfld5fg]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 81

nufotsf ;|i6fx?n] cfcfˆgf sljtf jfrg u/]sf lyP . pSt sfJo ;df/f]xdf :yfgLo 8'Ar]Zj/ ehg d08nn] k|:t't u/]sf] ;fd"lxs ehg lgs} cfsif{s / oyfy{df cfwfl/t lyof] . /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, cfly{s, ;flxlTos ;a} lsl;dsf ;d:ofx?nfO{ ehgn] ;d]6s ] f] lyof] . af3h'ª] lzj l/hfnsf] g]tT[ jdf k|:t't ul/Psf] v}h F 8L ehg jf:tjdf g]kfnL ;flxTosf] k|f/lDes w/ftn xf] . nf]s ;flxTo, nf]suLt, nf]s ehg, nf]s k/Dk/f, nf]s ;+:s[lt / nf]stGq oyfy{df g]kfnL hghLjgaf6

k|fb'ef{j ePsf] zf;g / ;EotfhGo ljlzi6 klxrfg xf] . sfo{qmddf sfd? p=df=lj=sf k|=c= ljZjgfy clwsf/Ln] klg k|efjzfnL dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . k|sl[ tn] xfd|f] b]znfO{ ;j{u0' f ;DkGg agfPsL 5g\ . ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L xfdL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?n] k'/f u¥of}F eg] ljZjsf s'g} klg /fi6«sf ;fd' g]kfnLx?n] lz/ em'sfP/ lxF8g\ gkg]{ ljrf/ ;efWoIfsf] x}l;otn] d}n] klg /fVg] df}sf kfPF . sf7df8f}aF f6 k|f/De ePsf] b'O{ lbj;Lo …sf]Nk'– s'l~hgL sfJo ofqfÚ ;efWoIfsf] dGtJokl5 ;dfkg x'g k'Uof] . ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 82

k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

ofqf lgaGw

k|flKtdo ofqf nIdL pk|t] L cgfof;} k|fKt ePsf ld7f] cg'ejsf cg'el" tx? kne/df gf}nf v';L a6'lng] dgx? hLjgsf :d[lt kfgfdf e/]/ ;do;Fu} tfh agL 5lNFsbf] /x]5 :d[lt t/ª\udf emGs[t eO /xg] hLjgjfbL :j/sf emGsf/x? e]l6g'–5'6l\ 6g' lar ufFl;g] ;DaGwsf cfnf]sdf ;lhP/ 8f]a klxNofpFb} lxF8g\ ' l/lQP/ klg el/g' /x]5 pHofnf–cFWof/f, dfof–Tofu ;[li6sf x/]s ;Defjgf lar ofqf ug]{ klys /x]5f}F xfdL hLjg slxn] k|flKtdo ofqfsf] ;/ud slxn] ck|flKtdf klg cfzf/t emGsf/ . cfh $ tfl/v !* ut], z'qmaf/ nG8g 5f8\g] lbg . ;fFem * ah] lsªlkm;/sf] ˆnfO6 5, nG8gaf6 d'DaO{sf nflu . laxfg d gp7\b} vu]Gb| efO cfP/ …ltg ah];Dddf cfO k'U5' tkfO{+ l7s k/]/ a:g' xf]nfÚ eg]/ Ps l5g a;]/ uP .

ToxfF kfOg] ljz]if kl/sf/x? efO a'xf/Ln] VjfPsf VjfPs} 5g\ laxfg}bl] v . laxfg vfgf vfg' cufl8 no efO ebfxf–eb}nfO{ :s'n k'¥ofP/ cfP clg d]/f] ;fdfg Kofs ug{ ;3fpg yfn] . ;fdfgsf] jhg a9L x'g] xf] ls eGg] 8/ 8/ g} lyof] . To;}n] jhg ePsf ;fdfg 5'6o\ fP/ x]G8 nu]hdf /fVb} c¿ b'O6{ f nu]hdf ;fdfg 6Dd ldnfP/ pg}n] /flv lbP . x'/L atf; e}mF ;'6S' s p8]/ lbgsf] ;do km'Tt laTof], To;} n¥ofªn'?ª ubf{ub{} . b'O{ ah]lt/ lj/f6gu/s} Pp6f efOnfO{ lnP/ dg' / /fwf cfpg'

eof] d]/f] labfOsf nflu . no efOsf] h¿/L sfd k/]/ :6]zg;Dd dnfO{ k'¥ofpg] OR5f x'bF fx'bF } klg daf6 labf eP/ lxFl8 ;s]sf lyP . d lxF8g\ ] a]nf g'tg a}gL cfP/ lgGofp/L x'g yfnL . dnfO{ klg g/dfOnf] nfUof] . g/dfOnf] k gnfO{ dgleq} ;'D;'DofpFb} ;xh x'g] clego ul/ /x]sL lyPF . ;f9] ltgdf vu]Gb| efO klg 6'Kn'Ss} cfP . pgL cfpgf;fy lxF8\g] t/v/df nfUof}+ . dg', /fwf / pgLx?;Fu cfPsf lj/f6gu/sf efO klg :6]zg;Dd dnfO{ k'¥ofpg hfg] eP . nu]h u'8fpFb} 3/af6 aflxl/Fbf dnfO{ leq st} vfnL–vfnL cg'et" eof] . cfk"m cufl8 plePsL a'xf/L nIdL;Fu 5'6l\ 6g' kbf{ dg pbf;–pbf; eof], ;fgf r~rn] ebf, eb}sf] :g]xn] klUn /Xof] . t]¥x lbg / /ftsf] clwsf+z ;do ;'vk"0f{ latfP/ a;]sf], vfPsf] / cfˆgf]kgsf] Jojxf/ kfPsf] Tof] 3/sf sf]7f–rf]6fdf cfbt eO ;s]sL lyPF . efO–a'xf/L / ebfxf–eb};uF sf] dg 5fd]/ cfTdLo eP/ 5' 6 \ l 6g' kbf{ jiff} { cl3sf] ;fdLKoaf6 cnlUuPsf] kL8faf]w eof] dnfO{ . glhs} ePsf] :6];g;Dd hfg ;xh xf];\ eg]/ lj/f6gu/sf efOn] b'O6{ f nu]h a;df lnP/ hfg' eof] . xfdL klg pgL ;Fu;Fu} :6];gdf k'Uof}F . :6];gdf k'u]/ vu]Gb|n] Po/kf]6{;Dd k'Ug] kf; lbP . To;kl5 dg', /fwf / lj/f6gu/sf] efO;Fu labf eP/ vu]Gb| / d :6];gsf] u]6leq k:of}F . aflx/}af6 xft xNnfpFb} dg'x? pleO /x] . leqaf6 cl3 a9\b} kms{b} xfdL lxFl8 /Xof}F . yfxf 5}g slt a]nf ToxfFaf6 lxF8] pgLx? t/ cfFvfn] b]vG' h]n leqaf6 d}n] / aflx/af6 pgLx?n] x]b}{ xft xNnfO /x] . cflTds x[box?n] dnfO{ kufNg;Dd kufNof] . h]–h:tf] eP klg ultzLntf hLjg / hut\sf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 83

ckl/xfo{tf . ldng–la5f]8, la5f]8–ldng hLjgdf cfO /xg]–uO /xg] ;dosf] jf:tljstf /x]5 / o;}df x/]s ;DaGwx? ufFl;g] /x]5g\, 5'6l\ 6g] klg /x]5g\ . slxn] el/b}, slxn] l/lQFb} a9\g' g} hLjg ofqf /x]5 .

5'6s ] f :g]xLx?;Fu k]ml/ e]6g\ ] ceLi6 /fVb} vu]Gb|sf kl5 nfu]/ d /]ndf r9]F . /]n cfˆgf] uGtJolt/ x'OF lsof] . s] 5'6] h:tf], s] geP h:tf] ePsf] u?ª\uf] dg lnP/ /]nsf] a9fO;Fu} d cl3 al9 /x]F . /]n s'bb\ } 5, cfˆgf] ult lnP/ uGtJolt/ . cfsfzd'lg d8fl/Psf ;]tf sfnf afbnsf cg]sf}F cfs[ltx? pbf;–pbf; 5g\ . pbfl;gtf lar klg ;8sdf u'8s ] f uf8L, 3/, ?v k/k/;Dd b]lvg] ofjt j:t'x? k5fl8 bf}l8P h:tf] nfUg] e|ldt b[Zodf axlsb} el/PsL 5' . Ps} 7fpFdf al; /x]emF} nfUg] t/ aflx/L e"ld eg] a]tf]8n] eflu /x]5 ljk/Lt lbzftk{m . x]bf{xb] }{ xfd|f cfFvfaf6 lrlKnb} k5fl8lt/ n'Sb} 5g\ . /]nsf] aufOdf b]lvPsf] ;fgf] Po/kf]6{ / ;fgf–;fgf s]xL xjfOhxfhx? klg To;/L g} eflu /x]emF} nfU5g\ .

Pp6f :6]zgdf /]n /f]lsPkl5 /]naf6 xfdL cf]ln{of}F . lxy|f] Po/kf]6; { Ddsf nflu xfdL csf{] /]ndf k]ml/ r9\of}F . ofq'x?n] vrfvr el/Psf] /]ndf pleP/ g} nueu ;ft ah]lt/ lxy|f] Po/kf]6{ :6]zgdf xfdL cf]ln{of}F . nu]h u'8fpFb} Po/kf]6l{ eq k;]/ lsªlkm;/sf] sfpG6/ cufl8 ofq'x?sf] nfOgdf pleof}F . sxLF sxLF cg'xf/df cg]s /ª kf]Tg], z/L/sf] 7fpF 7fpFdf ljleGg cfs[lt ePsf] 6\of6f] nufpg] / skfn vf}//] /ª\uLg Kjfv 6fF:g] h:tf km]zg / cfw'lgstfsf gfddf cg]s xs{t u/]/ d:t/fd x'g] dflg;sf] ;d"x b]Vbf dnfO{ ;kgfemF} nfUYof] t/ tL ;a} ljkgfsf oyfy{ b[Zodf ufFl;Psf 5g\ . xfdL k'us ] f] Ps} l5gdf hofhL / uf]kL efO klg cfO k'Ug' eof] . labfOsf] If0f xfdL efj'stfn] el/Psf lyof}F . sl/a Ps 306f hltsf] enfs';f/L / dfofsf] Gofgf]kg ;f6]/ xfdLn] s]xL tl:j/x? lvRof}+ . Po/kf]6{df k'¥ofP/ dfq xf]Og, af]l8{ª kf; glnpGh]n vu]Gb|sf] 56\kl6Psf] dg ce}m ;DemG5' . pgsf] ;fy ;xof]u;Fu} hofhL / uf]kLsf] ;b\efjn] d cfb| x'G5', x/avt .

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af]l8{ª kf; lnP/ ;do ePkl5 aflx/ ple /xg' ePsf xflb{s dgx?nfO{ ToxLF 5f8]/ d leq k;]F . la:tf/} d]/f cfFvfaf6 pxfFx? cf]em] lng' eof] . la5f]8sf] kn ;fFRr} g} kL8fbfos ag]/ a:bf] /x]5 x/]s k6s . t/ klg /f]lsg sxfF ;lsG5 / < Oldu|; ] gdf sfnf, uf]/f 8/nfUbf dflg;x? hfFra'emdf a;]sf 5g\ . d nfOgdf a;]sL 5' . hfFr eg]kl5 hlxn] klg 9Ss k'mNg] dg oxfF klg k'mNof] . x/]s k|lqmof k'¥ofPsf sfuhftx? 5g\ t/ st} lrlKnG5 ls eGg] stfstf lr;f] k:bf] /x]5 cs}{ b]zsf 8/nfUbf dflg;x? ;fd' pleg' kbf{ . t/ sfnf 8/nfUbf eP klg dg ;kmf ePsf tL dflg;x?sf] ;bf;otf klg la;{g gx'g] 5 . ;do alu /Xof] vf]nfsf] kfgLe}Fm eP/, kv]6fljxLg ;do kIfL pl8 /Xof] cFWof/f]–pHofnf]sf] 5ftf cf]8/] . lbgx? ph]lnFb} rNdnfpg], /ftx? cFwl] /b} ;Gqfl;t x'g] . pHofnf]sf] :jfutdf /ft lanfpFb} hfG5 lbgsf] ue{df, k]ml/ k|eftn] nflndf ˆofFlS5g\ ;"os { f] k|;j kL8fdf 56\kl6b} . x/]s laxfgL Pp6f pHofnf] lbg, gofF pT;j / pdª\usf] h'n; ' aGb} hudufpF5 wtL{df . o;/L g} x/]s lbg gofF :j¿kdf pbfpg] ;"o{ ;+;f/df Pp6} eP/ klg ;a}lt/ pHofnf] ls/0f afF8g\ ;Sg] s:tf] zlStzfnL l;h{gf xf] k|sl[ tsf] . ;"os { f] c:tkl5 clnslt pHofnf]sf] vf]hLdf lbof] afn]/ To;}sf] ltld{/ k|sfzdf /dfpg] xfd|f] dg hxfF klg Pp6} t x'bF f] /x]5 lg Û 5f]6f] ;dosf] nG8g a;fOFdf cflTds / z' e lrGts dgx? kfpF b f k| ; Ggtfn] el/P/ lhGbuLk|lt g} ulj{t ePF . 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] dfofn' ;Demgfn] dnfO{ x/bd pT;flxt ul/ /xg] eP/ klg ToxfF Joltt u/]sf] ;dodf pgLx?;Fu v';L afF8g\ eg] kfOgF . kmf]g ug{] cg'sn " gePsfn] Tof] cj;/ klg Tolt h'6g] . x[boel/ pgLx?sf] c;Ld dfof ;fFr/] ck|ToIf ¿kdf pgLx?sf] dfof kfPsf] Gofgf] cfef; eg] eO /Xof] . Tof] ofqf ;flxlTos eP/ klg ;Dk"0f{tfdf ;x[boL dgx?;Fusf] ;fdLKodf kfl/jfl/s h:t} eP/ ;'vb\ /Xof] . o; cj;/df s]xL lj:d[t ;DaGwx?;Fusf ;DaGw k'gM gjLs/0f eP/ s]xL gofF cfTdLo ;DaGw klg ufFl;P . ;DaGw eg]sf] g} ;x[boL dgx?sf] pkh t /x]5 . h;n]

dgnfO{ kmf]8\b}g a? hf]8\5 . ljrf/ / efjgfsf] 6\ol' gª ldNof] eg] ;DaGw klg ;'dw'/ xFb' f] /x]5, nG8g ofqfdf o:t} cg'ej u/]F d}n] . nG8gdf x]g'{ kg{] sltko s'/fx? x]g{ gkfpFbf, hfg' kg{] slt 7fpFdf hfg g;Sbf s]xL ys\ysL eg] /lx /Xof] . ltg} ux|uF' f] cg'el" t dgel/ af]s/] hxfhsf] cfˆgf] l;6df uP/ a;]F . ;do clns sd eP/ xf] ls, ToxfF e]l6Psf lk|ohgx?;Fusf] cfˆgf]kgdf klUnP/ xf], of] ofqf ck"0f{ em}F nfUof] . x'g t Ps}kN6 hLjgsf ;Dk"0f{ pknlAwx? sxfF k|fKt x'g ;S5g\ / Û qmdzM k|fKt xFb' } hfG5g\ . ck]lIft k|flKtsf nflu w}o{ / k|ltIff ug'{ k5{ . på]lnt dgnfO{ km]l/ y'dy'DofPF . dgdf v} s] s] gk'u] h:tf], s] s] 5'6h ] :tf] eg] nflu g} /Xof] . ;f]Rbf;f]Rb} d r9]sf] lsªlkm;/ ljdfgn] la:tf/} la:tf/} cfˆgf] ult;Fu} nG8gsf] ;'Gb/ e"ld 5fl8 ;s]5, dfly k'uk] l5 kf] eml:sPF . lj/lSt, cfn:o, v';L / kL8fsf] bf];fFwdf ?dln/x]sf a]nf cfsflzPsf] hxfh ljB'tLo k|sfzn] lemnldnfPsf] nG8gsf] dgdf]xs /ftsf] emns b]vfpFb} dfly–dfly lgs} dfly xFb' } PsfPs nG8gsf] dfofjL cFufnf]af6 vf]:of] dnfO{ . p;sf] Gofgf] sfvaf6 6fl9PF d . p;Fusf] lj5f]8n] r;Ss b'Vof] 5ftL . b|ljt eof] dg . ToxfF hf]8]/ 5f]8\b} cfPsf ;Demgfn] yfx} gkfO /l;P cfFvf . lbgsf] pHofnf]df klg dgf]/d kfg{] / /ftsf] cFWof/f]df klg lemnldnfpFb} 6Nsg] nG8gsf] cb\et" b[Zo hLjGt /x], d]/f :d[lt t/ª\udf . hxfhleq ofq'x?sf] vrfvr eP/ klg PSnf] ofqL dx;'; ul/ /x]F cfk"mnfO{ . nG8g ofqfsf ck"/f OR5f / /x/x?nfO{ ;DemFb} To; a]nf cfˆg} dg;Fu s'/f ul/ /x]F . …o; a]nf nG8gdf ;f¥x} lr;f] x'G5 . lxpF;d]t k5{ xf]nf .Ú g]kfnaf6 cfpg' cl3 ;fyLx?n] o;f] eGbf slxn] sfxLF emdemdL kfgL k/]/ jftfj/0f lr;f]–lr;f] agfpFbf lxpFsf] cg'/fudf nf]leGy]F . lxpF st} b]lvG5 ls eGg] cf;df cfFvfx? k/k/ 5y]+{ t/ lxpF gk/L p3Fb| f ceL/ /x]/ klv{Psf] Tof] If0fsf] k|ltIff lgikmn x'Gy]F . ;d'b| eg]kl5 x'?Ss x'g] d t/ d]/f] o'/f]ksf] ;d'b| x]g]{ ceLK;f eg] cw'/} /Xof] . o;sf nflu d uPsf] df};d klg afws aGof] / kl/l:yltn] klg ;d'b|;Dd k'Ug] ;do

h'/fPg . To:t} g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf;sf clwsf/Ln] …tkfO{s + f] ;do slxn] ldN5, va/ u/]/ Ps k6s /fhb"tfjf;df cfpg' xf]nfÚ eg]/ cg'/f]w ubf{ klg hfg] cg'sn " k/]g . To:t} nG8gdf latfPsf ;'vb\ kn ;lDemP/ dg cfglGbt eof] . tL slt zAbx?df ptfg{ ;Sg], slt ptfg{ g;Sg] cg'el" t e/]/ d cfˆgf] b]z kms+b{ } 5' . dgleq sltko ;Demgfx? lznfn]v eP/ sFl' bPsf 5g\ eg] slt cl;gfe}mF lanfPsf klg 5g\ . sltnfO{ ;DemG5', sltnfO{ la;{G5' . nG8g ofqfkl5 dnfO{ nfUof], xfdLn] ToxfFaf6 s]xL hfg]/, s]xL l;s]/ tL hfg]sf s'/fx? cfˆgf] b]zdf nfu' ug{ ;s] xfd|f] b]z g]kfn slt ;d[4 / ;'vL x'GYof] xf]nf . ;f]R5', klxn]sf b/afl/of zf;sx? klg cfˆg} ef}lts ;'v–;'ljwf / :jfy{df lgln{Kt x'Gy] eg] cfhsf zf;sx? klg ltg}sf k|ltR5fof ePsf 5g\ . ;Qfdf]x :jfy{sf sf/0f b]z cjGgltsf] cf]/fnf]df nflu /x]sf] 5 / k|sl[ tn] g} j}ejzfnL agfPsf] d]/f] b]z j;Gt x/fPsf] Ct' ePsf] 5 . cfFvfel/ OGb|g] L /x/ / dgel/ v';Lsf ;kgf ;FufNg] gful/sx? kltsf] cGTo]li6 ;s]/ sf]/fdf a;]sf] kTgLsf] k|lt¿k ePsf 5g\ . c/fhstf, czflGt, cg}ltstf ;j{q 5\ofK5|ofKtL 5 . cfbz{ Odfg / g}ltstf x/fPsf] 5 . k/:k/ åGå / lvrftfgLn] Pp6f b'vb\ lgolt ef]lu /x]5 b]z . ;j{q cFWof/f] 5, pHofnf]sf] ;ª\s]t st} 5}g . k|fKt ePsf pHofnf]df klg n'5fr'8'F L rln /x]5 . v08 v08df ljeflht x'g] t/v/df 5 b]z . ljdfg;Fu} d]/f] dg p8]/ slxn] cfˆgf] b'MvL b]z k'U5 . slxn] ;DkGg / ;+d4[ b]z nG8g . d]/f] b]zaf6 d]/f] ofqf PSnf] /x] klg dleq d]/f lk|ohg, z'elrGts cfkmGtsf] dfof, z'esfdgf / ;b\efj /xL g} /Xof] . ofqfel/ v';Lsf zLtn / d[b' afl56fn] cfk"mnfO{ ?emfO /x]F . ;fob c;Ld cfTdLotf ldl;P/ xf]nf ljdfgsf] ofqfel/ ;lDem /x],F nG8gdf 5f8]/ cfPsf lk|o efO alxgLx? no / nIdL k|;fO+,{ ;fgf ebfeb}, vu]Gb| kf7s, uf]kL k|;fO+,{ dg', /fwf kf}8n ] , lj/f6gu/sL a}gL nIdL, hof /fO{hL, ;+hLj / gfg' -k|ldtf_ kf}8]n, a}gL zflGt yfkf-s'Fj/_ / s]xL ;xof]uL efOx?nfO{ hf] d]/f] nG8g ofqfsf :yfgLo ;xofqL /x], cfˆgf] Jo:t ;dodf h;n]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 85

dnfO xflb{s ;fy lbP . Tof] lj/fgf] d'ns ' df klg h;sf] ;fyn] d}n] w]/} s'/f x]g,{] hfGg] cj;/ kfPF .

To:t} d]/f of] ofqfdf d]/f] ;fy g/x] klg dnfO{ ;w}F ;fy lbg], phf{ yKg] d]/f zlSt lk|o ;ljgf, ;l/tf, ;~ho / ;a} kl/jf/hg clg dnfO{ efjgfTds / :g]xfTds ;fy lbg] sd{ lbg] cfdf uª\ufb]jL k|;fO{,+ cfb/0fLo 8f= cle ;'jb] L, lbbL ljGb' ;'jb] L, :g]xL ;lnn, df]xg bfO, ;Ltf efph', ;flxlTos kqsf/ bfO /f]rs l3ld/], syfsf/ hn]Zj/L >]i7, u'¿ blw/fh ;'jb] L, 8f= hujfg u'?ª, a}gL sdnf cf]nL, efO nLnf l;6f}nf, lbbL 8f= ;'idf cfrfo{, uLtsf/ pGglt af]xf]/f, a}gL sNkgf clwsf/L, efO ljjz kf]v/]n, dgf]h, ljBf Gof}kfg] nufot cGo sltsf] ;x[boL dgx?nfO{ ;lDem /x]F . h;sf] ;b\efj :g]x d]/f ofqfsf k|/] s /x] . s'g–} s'g} ;DaGw / ;dosf ;Demgf z[ªv \ nfxLg eP/ cfFvfsf] kbf{df cl3kl5 x'bF } ;nn 3'ld /xFbf] /x]5 . ToxfF e]l6Psf slt xflb{s gfdx? e'n] klg clxn] :d[ltsf kbf{df tL cg'xf/x? cf]xf]/bf]xf]/ ul/ /x]sf 5g\ . h;nfO{ rfx]/ klg lj;{g ;lSbgF . log} ofqf cg'el" tnfO{ dGyg ub}{ k"l0f{dfsf] /ftdf 5l/g] zzLsf] dfw'o{ 5fof / k|eftL /fudf ˆofFlsg] ;"os { f] Gofgf] :kz{sf] cfnf]s;Fu hLjgnfO{ t'ngf ug{ yfn]F . cfsfzuª\ufdf 5l/Psf ;kmf, ;]tf afbn'sf a}zfn' cfs[ltx?;Fu} d[b' ememNsfx? ;dosf] cfFlv‰ofnsf] :d[ltdf 6fFlu /x]F . log} ememNsfx? cy{k0" f{ ag]/ leq st} dgsf] Sofgef;df lrqfª\lst eP/ cfk}mn] k9\g,] n]Vg] zAb / cIf/x? dgsf tx txdf rfª nfUb} :d[ltljDa ag] .

PSn} ofqf ubf{ cg]s efj t/ª\ux? dgdf plAhG5g\, a'lgG5g\ / /rgfsf] uef{wfg x'G5g\ t/ To; l:yltdf dgdf el/Psf efj t/ª\ux? sfuhdf lnkLa4 ug{ g;Sbf ToxLF cj;fg eO /x]sf] d}n] hxfhdf PlSnPsf a]nf ;lDem /xF] . nG8gdf 3'Dg] 38Lsf] sfF6f cg';f/ !@ 3G6f laTg' eg]sf] ef/tdf emG8} ltg 3G6f cl3 lat]/ nueu !! alh ;Sg' xf] . nG8g / ef/tsf] ;do nueu tLg 306f km/s 5 . otfsf] gf} ah]kl5 hxfhleq lgb|fdf ePsf ofq'x? clncln ub{} h'd/{' fpg

yfn] . Po/ xf]:6]hx? ofq'x?sf] ;]jfdf tDtof/ eP/ h'6] . a|;, k]:6 / k|m] ; x'g rflxg] cfjZos ;fdfg ePsf] Pp6f–Pp6f Kofs]6 x/]s ofq'x? a;]sf] 7fpFdf cfO k'Uof] . ljljw ;f]rdf x/fpFbf x/fpFb} /ftsf] lg:tAwtf lr/]/ k|eftsf] :jl0f{d ls/0f hxfhsf] l;;f pl5Gb} lrxfpg yfNof] . ;j{q /ftfDo b]lvof] . ‰ofnsf l;;faf6 n'sfdf/L v]Nb} lIflthdf 6fFluPsf] cfsfz, cfsfzdf 6fFluPsf] OGb|g] L, tn– dfly 5l/Psf afbnsf a'66\ fx? :ki6 b]lvGy] / d}n] dgel/ af]s/] NofPsf ;Demgfsf z[ªv \ nfx? h:t} hxfhsf] ult;Fu} cfFvfdf 6fFl;Gy], lanfpFy] .

3fdsf] 6sn] 6lNsPsf lxdfnL z[ªv \ nfx?sf] dgf]/d b[Zosf] cg'kd ;f}Gbo{n] bª\ubf; eO /x]sf a]nf hxfhsf] ‰ofnaf6 tn cfFvf nufpFbf cfFvfel/ s]xL lbg klxn] labfO u/]sf] ef/tLo gu/L d'DaO{ b]vf k¥of] . hxfh hlt–hlt cf]nb{ } hfGYof], Tolt Tolt d]/f] lk|o 5f]/f ;GhonfO{ e]6\g] clenfiff tLj| x'Fb} uof] . la:tf/}–la:tf/} tn–tn x'bF } l;ª\uf] d'DaO{nfO{ hxfhn] kmGsf] df¥of] . hxfhL b"/Ln] cf]em]n k/]sf cUnf / cg]s cfsf/ k|sf/sf 3/x? b]lvg yfn] . km/flsnf af6fx?dfly c;ª\Vo ;fgf–7'nf jfxgx? alu /x]sf b[Zo, gfua]nL af6f 3f6fx? x]bf{xb] {} hxfhn] d'DaO{ e"lddf cjt/0f u¥of] . la|6]gsf] wtL{af6 /ftL cf7 ah] p8]sf] hxfh !@ 3G6fsf] p8fgkl5 d]/f] uGtJo ef/tsf] d'DaO{df cjt/0f ug]{ t/v/df nfUof] . Ps} l5g kl5 cGo ofqL;Fu} aflxl/PF . nu]h sn]S;g sfpG6/df nu]h sn]S;g u/]/ aflx/ lgl:sFbf 5f]/f] ;Gho k|tLIffdf plePsf] /x]5 . s]xL lbgcl3 5f8]sf] 5f]/f;Fu e]6 xFb' f dg cfglGbt eof] . clxn] ;f]lr /x]5,' hLjg Pp6f ofqf /x]5 / xfdL ofqL . ;'v, b'vM ldng, lj5f]8 ofqfsf] k|flKt /x]5 . ltg} k|flKtsf ;]/fkm]/f]df /d]sf] x'bF f] /x]5, b'vs ] f] x'bF f] /x]5 xfd|f] hLjg . xfdL ltg} ;'v b'v;Fu gbL eP/, atf; eP/, ;do eP/ alu /x]sf x'bF f] /x]5f}F . nG8g ofqf d]/f] hLjgsf] Pp6f clj:d/0fLo, /f]df~rs / k|flKtdo ofqf /Xof] hf] d]/f] hLjgsf kfgfdf Oltxf; eP/ a;]sf] 5 . Pp6f :jl0f{d :d[lt ePsf] 5 . ;

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k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

ofqf lgaGw

afUn'ªsf] ;]/f]km]/f] jL/eb| cfrfo{ s'g} of]hgf ljgf lxF8g\ ] dflg; . o;kfnf klg Ps lbgsf] ;"rgfdf clkm;sf] sfd lnP/ e/tk'/, lrtjg uPsf] lyPF . ;fydf Ps ldq klg lyP, wd{ e6\6/fO{ . pgnfO{ klg sxLFst} lxF8g\ s'g} of]hgf agfO /xg' kb{}g . b'O{ lbgsf] sfd ;s]kl5 zflnu|fdhLn] crfgs afUn'ª hfg] k|:tfj Nofpg' eof], …ef]ln afUn'ªdf pdfgfy k|lti7fgsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef 5 / kl;{ pdfgfy 5fqj[lQ tyf 6ª\s k|;fb– /]jGt s'df/L cfrfo{ blnt 5fqj[lTt ljt/0f sfo{qmd 5 tkfO{x{ ? klg lxF8g\ ' xf];\ .Ú dgdf s'/f v]Nof], …sf7df8f}dF f sfd yftL /fv]/ cfOPsf] 5, o;kfln afUn'ª hfg ;lsGgÚ, csf{] dgn] s'/f sf6\of] …s] eof] t b'O{ lbg uP/, Tolt h?/L sfd klg t xf]Og lg, gofF 7fpF, gofF dflg;, gofF cg'ej, /fd|f] df}sf 5 hfpFm . a'af cfdfsf] ;Ddfgdf x'g nfu]sf] sfo{qmd .Ú afUn'ª hfg] lg0f{o u/]F . wd{n] rflxF sf7df8f}F kms{g] dg u/] . ef]lnkN6 clkm;sf] sfd ;sfpFbf sl/a lbpF;f]sf] ltg alh ;s]sf] lyof], wd{nfO{ sf7df8fF} hfg] uf8Ldf xfn]/ zflnu|fdhL / d cfkm}F uf8L xfFs/] kf]v/ftkm{ nfUof}F . zflnu|fdhL …;xefuLÚ gfdsf] Ps ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L lgb{z ] s, g]sfsf] lhNnf ;b:o / ;fdflhs sfo{stf{ . pxfFn] cfˆgf] kl/jf/nfO{ eGbf a9L ;do ;fdflhs sfddf lbg' x'G5 . pxfFsf] k'Vof}n { L 3/ k}okF' f6f, afUn'ª lhNnf xf] eg] xfn e/tk'/df a;f]af; . xfdL b'O{ hgf ukm ub{u} b{} d'lUnªaf6 kf]v/ftkm{ cl3 a9\of}F . af6f]df Ps lrof k;ndf /f]s/] lrof lkpFb} lyof},F ToxfFsf :yfgLo s]xL o'jsx?n] glhs cfP/ lutf/ ahfpFb} uLt ufpg yfn] . xfdL ;ª\uLtnfO{ k|d ] ug{] dflg; . s]6fx?n] ;f/} /fd|f] ufPsf]df tfl/km u¥of}F . pgLx?n] u'gf;f] kf]v,] …of] ufpFdf olt /fd|f] ufpg ahfpg

;Sg] ;fyLx? 5g\ t/ lar/fx?n] cfˆgf] k|ltef b]vfpg] 7fpF kfPsf 5}gg\ . sf7df8fF} uP/ …;f]Ú ug{ / /]sl8{ª ug{] k};f] 5}g, s] ug{' .Ú xfd|f] cfˆg} afWotf, pgLx?nfO{ df}sf / ;dosf] k|ltIff ug{] ;Nnfx lbP/ kf]v/flt/ nfUof}F . sl/a ;fFem ;ft ah] uf8L / df]6/ ;fOsnx?sf] cfFv} lt/ld¥ofpg] aTtLnfO{ kf/ ub{} kf]v/f zflnu|fdhLsf] elthf] zª\s/ kf}8n ] hLsf] 3/df af; a:g k'Uof}F . a]ns ' fsf] vfgf ToxLF vfP/ ef]ln laxfg kfFr ah] afUn'ªsf nflu k|:yfg ug{] lgwf] ub{} ;a} hgf lgG›f b]jLsf] sfvdf n'6'k'6' x'g k'Uof}F . ef]ln cyf{t\ @)&! ;fn dª\l;/ ^ ut]sf lbg ;a]/} k}o'Fkf6fsf nflu /jfgf eof}F . ;fydf zflnu|fdhLsf b'O{ elthfx?, d'sG' b kf}8n ] -jl/i7 clwjStf_, zª\s/ kf}8n ] klg ylkPkl5 uf8Ldf xfdL kfFr hgf eof}F . lem;ld;] pHofnf]df xfdL gf} 8fF8f k'u/] lrof lkof}F . slt ;'Gb/ hLjg, slt ;'Gb/ laxfgL, k"jf]Q { / ;]tf lxdfnsf lzv/x?sf] xft]dfnf], blIf0fdf km]jfsf] ;]/f]km]/f] . afbnsf] ;Ksfdfly 6fpsf] dfq b]vfP/ a;]sf kxf8x?sf] dfemaf6 piff sfnsf] ;"o{sf] ls/0f ofqf ub{} lxdfnsf 6fs'/fx?df 7Ss/ nfUbf cd/fjtLnfO{ g} lh:Sofpg] b[Zo . xfdL ofqL, hLjgsf . k|sl[ tsf] of] /ª\ud~rdf pleP/ cfh o; cg'kd b[ZonfO{ lgofNg kfpFbf dg To;} /f]dfl~rt eof] . efj pln{P/ aflx/ lgl:sof] . ;'Gb/tfsf] k|z; + f ug{ s/} nfUof], …x] ;'Gb/L, x] dft], ltd|f] ;'Gb/tfdf gtd:ts 5' . ltdL ljgf of] hLjg kSs} klg lgh{/ g} x'GYof] xf]nf .Ú 3'dfp/f] /fhdfu{df uf8L xfFSg] ;f]v, xftdf uf8Lsf] :6]ol/ª clg ;fydf cfk"m;Fu ldNg] ;fyLx? . ;8sdf e':ofxf s's/' n] af6f] sf6\of],

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clg ‰jf6\6 Pp6f ljrf/ cfof], s] o; s's/' n] klg hLjgsf] of] hLjg/; kfg ul/ /x]sf] 5 < k|Zg :jf6\6 cfof] / uof] klg :jf6\6} g} t/ cfk"mlt/ x]bf{ of] s'/f klg cfof], dg'io rf]nfdf hGd lng kfPsf]df dfgj cl:tTjnfO{ d'/Ld'/L wGojfb lbPF . gq eg] k|sl[ tsf] of] ;'Gb/tfsf] /; s;/L kfg ug{ kfpFyF] /< o; lar d'sG' bhLn] dnfO{ k|lti7fgsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf ef]lnkN6 x'g] sfo{qmddf k|dv ' cltlysf] :yfg u|x0f ug{ cfu|x ug{' eof] . d}n] df}g ;xdlt hgfPF . laxfg sl/a gf} ah]lt/ xfdL an]jf k'Uof}F . an]jfaf6 kj{tsf] s'ZdfnfO{ hf]8g\ ] ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf prfOdf /x]sf] / nfdf] emf]nª' u\ ] k'ndf kmf]6f] lvr]/ ahf/tkm{ nfUof}F / ahf/sf] Ps xf]6ndf uf8L yGSofP/ k}o'Fkf6fsf] nflu k}bn /jfgf eof}F . oxfF klg Ps gf}nf] cg'ej x'g uof] . sfnL u08sL gbLn] agfPsf] ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf cUnf] eª\ufnf]df ag]sf] s]jn sf/ . :yfgLox?n] o;nfO{ oflGqs k'n eGbf /x]5g\ . afUn'ªaf;LnfO{ ?= &% / cGo lhNnfsf ofqLx?nfO{ ?= !)) sf] l6s6 sf6\g' kbf]{ /x]5 . d'sGbhLn] ;a}sf] l6s6 sf6\g' eof] . s]jn sf/ :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx?n] k|f= ln= df btf{ u/L ;~rfngdf NofPsf /x]5g\ . jfl/sf] sf/ kfl/ hfFbf kfl/sf] sf/ jfl/ cfpg] d]nf] /x]5 . sf/df a;]/ stf xf] stf tn sfnL u08sLsf] ;ª\nf] lgnf] kfgLnfO{ x]bf{ k'/f z/L/ /f]dfl~rt x'bF } l;l/ªu eP/ cfof] . cl:tTjnfO{ km]l/ Ps k6s wGojfb lbPF, dg'io rf]nf kfPsf]df . sf/df ;Fu} Pp6f af]sf klg lyof], lar/f] Tof] af]sfnfO{ xif{ g lj:dft . kfl/ k'u/] sf/ /f]lsof], ;a} hgf cf]n/]{ ca k}okF' f6ftkm{ kfOnf cl3 a9fof}F . k|sl[ tsf] ;Kt/ª\uL ¿knfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub{} /dfOnf ukmdf e'n/] lxF8s ] f xfdL, lardf ;+:s[t kf7zfnfsf] cf8df s]xLa]/ lj>fd ug{ k'Uof}F . sl/a Ps 306fsf] xNsf psfnf] plSnFb} l7s k}os F' f] ?vd'lg -hfkfgdf of] km'ns ] f] k' m nnfO{ r] / L Anf] ; d eGg] ul/G5_ :s' n sf] sDkfpG8df k'u]/ /f]lsof}F . ;fwf/0f ;ef :yn g} ToxL :s'nsf] Ps sIff sf]7fdf /x]5 . :s'naf6 sl/a bz v'8l\ snf plSnP/ zflnu|fdhLsf] h]7f] bfh'sf] 3/df ;fdfg /fVof}F . s]xLa]/sf] cndnkl5 ;fwf/0f ;ef ;'? eof] . k|lti7fgsf kbflwsf/L,

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;ef;b\, ufpFsf uGodfGo JolStTj nufot ;a} /fhg}lts bnsf :yfgLo g]tfx?nfO{ lgDtf] /x]5 . dnfO{ k|dv ' cltlysf] cf;g u|x0f ug{ af]nfOof] . ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;a} cfjZos k| l qmof k' / f ePkZrft\ cfpFbf] sfo{sfnsf nflu ljwfg;Ddt lgj{frg eof] . d'sG' bhL cWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt eP . tTkZrft\ ;a} /fhg}lts bnx?sf g]tfx?n] cfˆgf] dGtJo /fv] . ;a}n] k|lti7fgsf] sfo{qmd tyf sfo{zn } LnfO{ pRr d"Nofª\sg u/] . jStfx?n] lhpFbf ;lxb 6ª\sk|;fb cfrfo{n] g]kfnnfO{ lbPsf] b]gsf] rrf{ u/] . pgsf] lgle{stf / Tofusf] sb/ eof] . pgsf] cfTdansf] k|z; + f eof] . ca d]/f] af]Ng] kfnf] cfof] . k}okF' f6fsf hgtfn] h'g cfTdLo efjn] d]/f lktf / dnfO{ ;Ddfg lbP d gtd:ts lyPF . s[t1tfsf] efj pln{P/ cfof], ;a}nfO{ wGojfb lbPF . efif0f ug{] cEof; gePsf]n] yf]/} dfq af]n]/ cfˆgf] efif0f 6'ª\UofPF . ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfo{qmdkl5 gofF ;ljwfgsf k|:tfljt s]xL a'bF fx?df b'O{ 306fhltsf] k[i7 kf]if0fsf] sfo{qmd eof] . ;a} pkl:yt dxfg'efjx?n] cf–cfˆgf ljrf/x? k:sg' eof] . ;fFem emdSs kl/ ;s]sf] lyof], zflnu|fdhL / d pgsf dfOnf bfOsf 5f]/fsf] 3/df kfx'gf nfUof}F . pgsf elthf;Fu d Psbd} k|efljt ePF .

3/sf] s/];faf/Ldf pgn] s'v/' f kfng Joj;fo, e}; + L kfng tyf t/sf/L v]tL ;'? u]/sf /x]5g\ . pgsf] egfOdf oL Joj;foaf6 pgL dfl;s ?= @)–#) -xhf/ <_ hlt sdfpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . pgsf] cg';f/ ljb]zdf sdfpg hfg] eGbf cfˆg} ufpF d f 3/v] t u/] s f] sdfOn] 3/vr{ u/] / , 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lghL ljBfnodf k9fpg / jif{sf] Ps b'O{ k6s sf7df8f}d F f 3'd/] cfpg k'Ubf] /x]5 . ufpFsf] xfjf kfgL, clg cfˆgf] k'Vof}n { L ynf], Oi6ldq, a'afcfdf, s]6fs]6Ldf xfdkmfn]sf af/Lsf cfnLx?, 8fF8fsf xl/of ?v, ufO{, ax/ / kFw]/f] cflbcflb . pgsL >LdtLn] xfF8Ldf e'6s ] f]] ds} rkfpFb} ;fFem b}nf]df a;]/ oL ;a} s'/fx? eP . ;fFem e}; F L bf]P/ PsPs lunf; b'w lkPkl5, vfgf vfg] d]nf] eof] . efG;f sf]7fdf u'G›L cf]5\ofP/ ls6sf] yfn / srf}/fdf eftbfn, af/Lsf] /fof]sf] ;fu vfof}F . b'jn } ] Ps Ps 8f8' e}; F Lsf] l3p klg >LdtLsf] ss{]

cfFvf ;DemL;DemL xfF;f] ub{} vfof}F . o;} lar kfl/ cdnf kf]v/L ufpFsL Ps dlxnfsf] af/]df k'gM rrf{ eof] . pgL xft x]//] s'g} klg JolStsf] e"t, jt{dfg / eljio eGg ;lS5g\ /] . pgnfO{ xft b]vfpg]sf] eL8 j}zfv;Dds} 5 /] . zflnu|fdhLn] / d's'GbhLn] ufpFsf] lrg]sf ;DaGwLdfkm{t xft x]/fpg cfˆgf] gfd n]vfpg' ePsf] lyof] . d rflxF o:tf] s'/fdf k6Ss} ljZjf; gePsf]n] b]vfpg] s'/} pRrf/0f u/]sf] lyOgF . t/ ha ToxfFsf dflg;x?n] pgsf] b}ljs zlStsf] v'n/] k|z; + f u/]sf] kfPF dgdg} ef]lnkN6 laxfg d klg hfg] lgwf] u/]F / zflnu|fdhL;Fu cfk"m klg ToxfF;Dd hfg], ;do kfP b]vfpg] geP To;} kms{g] eGg] ;Nnfx u/]/ ;'Tg uPF . s'g} ;do o:tf] lyof] h'g ;dodf /ft/fte/ cfFvf lrDd;d]t ug{ g;s]/ latfPsf] lyPF . 5ftLdf c1ft 8/ o;/L hS8]/ a;]sf] lyof] . d'6s ' f] 9's9'sL ;Fu} ;'ts ] L >LdtLn] klg ;'Gg] uly{g\ . s] eof] eg]/ pgL klg cQflnlGyg\ t/ casf lbgx?n] gofF sfFrn ' L km]l/ ;s]sf lyP . g s'g} 8/, g s'g} lrGtf, s'g} ljrf/ g} lsg gxf];\ . dg z"Go cfsfzdf 8'aN' sL dfl/ /x]sf] x'G5' . cfjZos k/] dfq ljrf/ cfpF5 gq ljrf/ cfkm}+ kfvf nfU5 . Ps ;fncl3 Ps lbg >LdtLn] ;f]w]sL lyOg\, s] xh'/nfO{ 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ s;/L k9fpg] eGg] lrGtfn] ;tfpFbg} , hjfkmdf d}n] eg]sf] lyPF, jt{dfgdf sdfP/ k9fPs} 5f}F, xfn;Dd s'g} cK7]/f] k/]sf] 5}g eljio t cl:tTjsf] xftdf 5, s]sf] lrGtf . km]l/ d}n] of] ljifodf ;f]r]sf] klg 5}g . cf]5o\ fgdf s] kN6]sf] lyPF, lgG›fb]jL ;'6S' s cfP/ dnfO{ :jKg ;+;f/df k'¥ofOg\ . cfh lsg xf] s'lGg w]/} cl3 cd]l/sfdf agfPsf ;fyLx?nfO{ ;kgfdf b]v]F . zflnu|fdhL sltv]/ cfP/ ;'Tg' eP5 yfx} ePg . ef]lnkN6 laxfg l7s rf/ ah] Ao'FlemPF / lgTosd{ ;s]/ s]xLa]/ Wofg u/]F . o;f] p;f] ubf{ kfFr alh ;s]sf] lyof], zflnu|fdhL klg p7\g' eof] . ptf elthf]n] e}F;LnfO{ s'8F f] ksfpg] / b"w b'xg' ] sfd ;ls ;s]sf lyP . b'wb} w' df agfPsf] lrof lnP/ sf]7fdf cfO k'u] . dg k|km'Nn eof] . ltg} hgfn] lrof lkof}F / lem;ld;]d} xft x]/fpg hfg] t/v/df nfUof}F . d'sG' bhL tNnf 3/df a:g' ePsf]

lyof] . pxfFnfO{ ;fy lnP/ l7s 5 ah] cdnf kf]v/Llt/ lxF8o\ f}+ . Ps 306fsf] xNsf psfnf] / t]kf{O af6f] lxF8k] l5 uLtf l3ld/]sf] 3/ -xft x]g]{ pg} alxgL_ ;f]Wb} kFw/] f]sf] cf8df Ps lrl6Ss k/]sf] kxf8L efvfsf] 3/df k'Uof}F . cfFug a9f/Lj/L /ftf] df6f]n] lnkkf]t u/]/ l;lgQ kf/]sf] lyof] . k6flª\ugLdf s]xLa]/ s'/k] l5 /ftf] r'Rr] 6f]kL nufPsL sl/a #)– #% pd]/sL Ps dlxnf ev{/ g'jfO w'jfO u/]/ ;fwf/0f t/ ;'lsnf] klx/gdf au}Frfdf k"mn l6Kg cfOg\ . k'mn l6k]/ kms{b+ f xfdLnfO{ b]v/] xft b]vfpg cfPsf] xf] eGb} leq sf]7fdf cfpg elgg\ . zflnu|fdhLn] dnfO{ O;f/f u/]kl5 d pgsf] kl5kl5 glhssf] sf]7fdf uP/ vf6df kn]6F L s;]/ a;]F . pgn] d]/f] b'O{ xft cl3 ;fg{ nufOg\ / b'O{ xftsf] Rofkdf k'mn /fv]/ d]/f] Gjf/fgsf] gfd ;f]lwg\ clg d]/f] lat]sf s'/fx? eGg yflng\ . s'/fx? o;/L ldNb} uof] ls d d:t eP/ pgn] a8a8fPsf] $% ldg]6;Dd ;'lg /x]F . pgn] d]/f] xh'/a'afsf] x}l;otb]lv lnP/ a'afnfO{ k/]sf] cGofo / kl/jf/df k/]sf] zf]s tyf cGo 36gfx? l;g]df x]/h ] :tf] u/]/ elg lbOg\ . d]/f] jt{dfgsf] cj:yf ;lxt, d]/L >LdtL, lbbL alxgL, bfh', d]/f 5f]/f 5f]/Lsf] af/]df / pgLx?sf] eljiosf] af/]df klg elgg\ . d]/f] sfG5L lbbLsf] rf/ dlxgf cl3 ePsf] d[To';uF sf] ;ª\3if{ nufot dfOnf] bfOsf] c;fdlos lgwgsf] af/]df 5n{ªu\ atfOg\ . dnfO{ nfUof], pgsf] of] ;dosf] cfofd;Fu} ofqf ug{ ;Sg] b}jL zlSt g} x'g' k5{ . geP ;ft sIff dfq k9]sL Ps ul/a 3/sL dlxnfn] cgsG6f/ ufpFsf] sf]7fdf a;]/ o;/L csf{sf] e"t, jt{dfg / eljiosf] s'/f P]gfdf b]v] h:tf] u/]/ s;/L eGg ;S5 . pgnfO{ plrt blIf0ff lbP/ wGojfb lbFb} d sf]7faf6 lgl:sPF, zflnu|fdhL k:g' eof] . k}t+ fnL; ldg]6kl5 zflnu|fdhL klg d';d ' ; ' ' xfF:b} lgl:sg' eof] . …;f]x}| cfgf ldnfOg\ x} .Ú d}n] t !!) k|ltzt ldnfOg\ eg]/ eg]F . pgn] d]/f] af/]df dfq ldnfPsf] eP !)) k|ltzt x'GYof], kl/jf/sf] ;a}sf af/]df x'ax' ldnfPsf]n] !!) k|ltzt x'g uof] . nuQ} d'sG' bhL l5g{' eof] / $% ldg]6df pxfF klg vn{ªu\ eP/ lgl:sg' eof] . …((=% k|ltzt rF} ldnfOg\ x} . Pp6} dfq s'/f cfwL v'l:sof] gq === === ===.Ú

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 89

ToxfFaf6 lxF8/] nuQ} vfgf vfP/ :s'nsf] rp/df hDdf ePsf k|lti7fgsf] sfo{qmddf efu lng cfPsf ufpFsf sl/a @)) hgf uGodfGo JolStTj / :s'n] 5fq5fqf / k|lti7fgsf ;b:ox? lar k'Uof}F . sfo{qmd ;'? eof] . km]l/ Ps k6s dnfO{ k|d'v cltlysf] cf;gdf lgDtf] lbOof] . ;fydf zflnu|fdhL eGbf d'lgsf efO ;ef;b\ >L k|sfz zdf{ kf}8n ] klg . pgL ;ef;b\sf] Jo:t sfo{ tflnsfnfO{ kG5fP/ ufpFsf] o; sfo{qmddf

;l/s x'g cfPsf lyP . 5fq5fqfx?nfO{ k'/:sf/ tyf 5fqj[lQ lbg] sfo{qmdsf ;fy} efif0fsf] qmd klg ;dfKt eof] . lbpF;f] rf/ ah] kf]v/fsf nflu /jfgf eof}F . kf]v/fdf ;ft ah] k'u]sf] uf8L l7s /ftsf] af/ ah] sf7df8f}F cfO k'Uof}F . zflnu|fdhL nufot, pgsf bfh'efO / elthfx?df kfPsf] enfbdLkgn] d]/f] Åbo t 5f]of] g} . ufpFn] bfh'efO / lbbL alxgLn] b]vfPsf] cfTdLotf d]/f] hLjgsf] clj:d/0fLo kf6f] eP/ /Xof] . ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 90

k|1f–ultljlw

web source: www.khasskhass.com

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gjb'uf{ d"lt{sf] k|tLs ljZn]if0f t]hZ] j/afa' Uj+uM dgn] lrtfP/ cf/fwgf ul/g] efj wf/fsf cd"t{ cfsf/nfO{ ts{oS' t k|ToIf ¿kfs[ltnfO{ k|tLs eGg plrt 7fg]F . ¿kfs[lt zAb ¿k±cfs[lt b'O{ zJb ;+oS' t eO ag]sf] 5 . o; ¿k / cfs[ltsf] cjwf/0ff dgdf lrtfpg] bfz{lgs xfdLh:t} 1ft c1ft JolSt g} lyP . bfz{lgsn] ;'Id bz{g u5{ . pgn] cd"t{ j:t'nfO{ efjgfTds tj/n] bz{g u5{ . efjfgfTds bz{g eGg' dgn] lrtfP/ :j¿k lgdf{0f ug'{ xf] . o;nfO{ lrGtg dfuL{x? Wofg dfGb5g\ .

Wofgn] dgsf] Psfu| lrGtgnfO{ hgfpF5 . Psfu| lrGtg ubf{ dgn] lrtfPsf] cd"t{ ¿k / cfs[ltsf] cfsf/ dgleq sf]l/g k'U5 . ltg} dgleq u'lD;Psf] cd"t{ ¿k / cfs[ltnfO{ s'g} g s'g} tj/n] dfg; ¿k lbOG5 . lzNk ;fwgf u/L tL dfg; d"lt{÷cfs[ltnfO{ d"t{ kfg'{ ;fwgf aG5 . s'g} g s'g} tj/ eGgfn] /ª ;+of]hgaf6 aGg] lrq, lznf s'Fb]/ agfpg] d"lt{, sf7df vf]k]/ tof/ ul/g] sfi7sfl/tf, wft'af6 lgdf{0f x'g] wft' sf/Lu/L, df6f]sf d[6l\ 6sfsnf, xf8 kbfy{af6 agfOg] cflb j:t' x'g\ . tL / To:t} cg]s ;+f:s[lts, ;flxlTos / snfTds ;Dkbfdf k|oS' t cg]s j:t'–efjnfO{ xfdL k|tLs÷ljDa eGb5f}F . c7fx| xft ePsL b'uf{sf] d"lt{ cjnf]sg u/f}F . d"lt{df Ps} dfq lz/ 5 . c7fx| kfv'/L Ps 6fpsf], z/L/ ePsL gf/L d"lt{ nf}lss xf]Og, 5}g . To;df j}rfl/s cjwf/0ff JofKt 5 . Tof] cnf}lss k|ltdf xfd|} k"jL{o snf, ;+:s[lt / ;flxTosf hLjGt ;Dkbf t /x]sf] 5 cem} . d"lt{snf lg:k|f0f 5 . af]Nb}g Tof], rNb}g Tof] . ;bf ;w} p:t} /xG5, l:y/ ultxLg, xnrn gfl:t . t}klg hLjGt aG5, ag]sf] 5 Tof] . d"lt{ ;:j/ efsf xfNb}g, af]Nb}g Ps} :j/ lg . d eg] df}g d"lt{sf] a'nGb :Jf/ u'l~h /x]sf] ;'G5', 5d5dL 5gsk"0f{ ult lxFl8 /x]sf] b]V5' . c7fx|

xft / kfv'/Lx? / rnfodfg b]lv /x]5 ] ' . d eGg ?rfpF5' Ps b]x Ps} lz/sf b'uf{ d"lt{ Pp6f snfs[lt . snfs[lt Tof] Psfsf/ dGqd'Uw l:y/ :yflkt d"No / dfGotf o'St cfs[lt . Pp6f hLjGt snfs[lt lgtfGt ulx/f] hLjgjfbL /x:odo 5 . tL /x:ox?sf dd{af]lw 1fg tTTj pb\3f6g ug{ k|tLsfTds cleJo~hgf lzNk ;fwgf tGqnfO{ a'‰g] k|of; gu/L x'Gg . of] k|of; ltgs} lglDt xf] . k|tLsfTds cleJo~hgf lzNk ;fwgfåf/f k|fKt x'G5 . k|tLsfTds cleJo~hgf lzNksf ;fwsx?n] ;fwgfsf] dfu{ k5\ofPsf 5g\ . lznfsf/, sfi7sf/, wft' d"lt{sf/, /ª–lrqsf/ hf] ;'sn } ] klg lznf ;fwgfnfO{ cxd\ dfu{ pkfo ;fwgf h] egf}F ltgnfO{ pkf;gf u/]y] . cem} klg lg/Gt/ ul/ cfPsf 5g\ of] lzNk ;fwgf dfu{ xfd|f] cfˆg} kl/j]z / kl/k|I] odf j+zfg'ut k/Dk/f / ;+:sf/ /lx cfPsf 5g\ . of] j+zfg'ut lzNk ;fwgf k':t]gL ePsfn] s'g} cf}krfl/s lzIffsf] :j¿k o;df lglxt 5}g . To; sf/0f oqf] dlxdfdo snf ;fwgf ;Dkbfsf] cfwf/e"ld k}ts [ , j+z k/Dk/fut cgf}krfl/s lzIff k4lt /x]sf] 5 . 3fd hlts} :jR5 / :ki6 o; oyfy{k0" f{ k[i7e"lddf lg/If/, aNntNn ;fIf/ snf cg'/fuLn] hLjGt ljZj ;Dkbf ;+:s[lt lgdf{0f ub{} cfPsf] of] hLjg cg'/fus} j[QfGt ag]sf] 5 . k|tLsfTdstfsf cfwf/e"lddf Ps lz/ c7fx| kfv'/Lsf Psn b]xwf/L eujtLn] gjb'uf{ u0fs} k|ltljDa af]S5 . k|ltljDasf] cy{ s'g} j:t'sf] h:tfsf] t:t} jf emG8} p:t} cfsf/ jf cy{ af]w u/fpg] tTTj x'g cfpF5 . Ps} lz/, Ps} z/L/df c7fx| xft– bfFof gf}, afFof gf} wf/0f u/fP/ snfsf/sf r]i6fn] Psfsf/ bz{g, l;4fGt / lzNk ;fwgfnfO{ k|If]k0f u/]sf 5g\ . snf ;fwgfsf bfz{lgs kIf / snfsfl/tf lzNk log} d"lt{sf dfWodåf/f k|1fkg ug{ snfsf/

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;kmn /x]sf 5g\ . d"n ¿k / k|:yfg ljGb'nfO{ /lQe/ g8udufO h:tfsf] t:t} cljrlnt ¿kdf k|tLsfTds snf–;+:s[ltsf k|ltd"lt{ agfpg' xfd|f snf ;fws ;d'bfosf] jr{Zj ag], /x]sf] 5 . h;sf] dfWoddf jt{dfg PSsfO;f}F ztfAbLdf ofqf ebf]{ g]kfnsf] klg cxd\ k|lti7f af]Sg ;Sg] Ifdtf s'DNofO g} /x]sf] lglj{jfb 5 . bfFof afFofsf c7fx| xftx? gj b'uf{sf] k|tLs aG5 . Ps lz/ / Ps z/L/n] gj b'uf{sf Psfsf/ cfs[ltnfO{ k|ltlglwTj u5{ . xfd|f k"jL{o snf–;fwgfsf u'9 /x:o o;/L g} k|sl6t /x]sf 5g\ . log} /x:odo tTTj bz{gnfO{ af}l4s k/Dk/fdf cfwfl/t bLlIft g] j f/ ;d' b fosf aGw'afGwjx? bLIff dGq dfGb5g\, 7fGb5g\ . gjb'uf{ Pp6f u0f g} x'g–\ b'uf{ s"n 3/fgsf . ltg} s"n 3/fgfnfO{ b'uf{ dtfjnDaLx? b'uf{ ;Dk|bfo dfGb5g\ klg . b'uf{ dt, cfr/0f, ;+:sf/, k4lt h];s ' } elgP tfklg b'uf{ ;Dk|bfosf ;}4flGts dt– ;+:s[lt kl/kfns x'g\ . cfw'lgs, cjf{lrg kl/k|I] odf b'uf{ ;Dk|bfosf] dtn] gf/LjfbnfO{ k|:6\ofpF5 . gf/Ljfb kfZrfTo uf]nfw{df la;f}F ztfAbLsf] k"jf{wd { f b]vf k/]sf] xf] . k"jL{o uf]nfw{df eg] j}lbs bz{gl;t} cEo'bo ePsf] oyfy{ 5 . kfZrfTo lj1fg / k4ltn] k"jL{o hLjg–hutk|ltsf wf/0ff / ;f]rx?df cfª\UnLo lzIff k4lt k|jz ] sf ;fy} dnLg xFb' } xLgtf u|:t x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ca t of] ;Ddltk"0f{ ;+f:s[lts k|tLs / ljDa af]lwtTTj 1fg le/fnf] nfu]sf] af3 em}F d[un] klg v]bb\ f] cj:yfdf 5 . h] xf];\ Ps lz/, Ps z/L/ t/ c7f/ xftwf/L b'uf{ d"lt{ gjb'uf{ u0fs} Psfsf/ k|ltdf g} x'g\ . gf} j6} b]jL÷b'uf{ z/L/df Psfsf/ kfl/Psf PsLs[t :j¿k, k|ltdf, d"lt{, cfs[lt h] elgP klg jr{ZjzfnL snfsfl/tf, bz{gdo hLjg jf hLjgdo bz{g eGg ?rfpF5' d . log} ;Gbe{df gjb'uf{sf] c7fx| xftnfO{ s]nfpg] ;'Id bz{g oGq ;fwgf u/]/ ug{ ;lsG5 . oxfF oGq ;fwgf eGg' k|To]s xftdf wf/0f ul/Psf j:t'–oGq cjnf]sg / ljZn]if0f ug'{ xf] . km/s km/s xftn] km/s km/s j:t', ;fwg, oGq wf/0f ul/Psf cj:yf d"t{dfg ¿kdf cª\lst ul/Psf 5g\ . k|To]s bfFofafFofsf hf]8L xftn] k|To]s b]jLsf e"ldsf cg'¿ksf j:t' ;dfltPsf 5g\ . gj} b'uf{sf gj/yfel/ cnu–cnu e"ldsf /x]sf 5g\ . gj/yfsf] klxnf] lbg k/]jf ltlydf b]jLsf] st{Jo, bfloTj

cf/lDes x'G5 . cf/lDes lbgsf] cf/lDes bfloTj k'/f ug{ rflxg] j:t' ;fwg To; lbgsf b]jL, ejfgL, b'uf{, zlSt ¿lk0fL ejfgLn] x:tut u/]sL x'G5g\ . o;y{df k|To]s kfv'/Ln] x:tut u/]sf ;fwg km/s x'gn ' ] k|To]s b'uf{sf b}lgs ¿kdf lgjf{x ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj cg'sn " agfOPsf x'G5g\ . ltg} lgjf{x ug'{ kg] { bfloTj cg' ¿ ksf] ;fwg ;+ l IfKt ¿kdf k|ltljlDat ul/Psf x'G5g\ . d"lt{leqsf oL cjwf/0ff a'‰bf xfdL cGwljZjf; d'St aG5f}F . cGwljZjf; eGg' ljZjf;df cFWof/f] kg'{ xf] . ljZjf;df cFWof/f] kg'{ hlt hf]lvdk"0f{ vt/f hLjg ;+:sf/ / ;flxlTos ;+:s[ltdf c¿ s]xL gxf]nf . hLjg g} ;+:sf/ xf], ;+:sf/n] g} hLjgnfO{ hLljt /fv]sf] x'G5 . ;+:sf/ ljgfsf] hLjg hLjg gagL pR5[ªv \ n, pTkL8s / pTt]hs aG5 . o:tf] pR5[ª\vn, pTkL8s / pTt]hs hLjg lx+;s | hgfj/sf] hlTts} /xG5 . o; k|;ª\usf] Tof] gjb'uf{ d"lt{ olt 5n{ªu\ , :ki6 / e]B 5, ljjfb /lxt 5 . ;a} b|i6fsf rd{ rIf'n] of] :ki6 b]Vg ;S5g\ . rd{ rIf'åf/f e]B÷b]Vg ;lsg] Tof] ;fb[z j:t' d"t{ cfs[ltwf/L d"lt{ ag]sf] 5 . x]bf{ cfsif{s, lrNnf], ;'Gb/ d"lt{snf k|ToIf bz{g ug{ ;lsg] vfnsf] 5 . ltg} ;fb[z / d"t{ snfsf ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfleq cg]sf} JofVofg klv{ /x]sf ljj]Ro cfVofgx? n'ls /x]sf 5g\, x'G5g\ . sltko ;"Id ¿kdf cGt/lglxt wf/0ff–efj / efj–wf/0fx? ljZn]if0f of]Uo cem} cBfjlws 5g\ . ltgdWo] s]xL s]xL rrf{df pNn]v eP . cem} y'k}| To:tf ljj]Ro cd"t{ 1fg, wf/0ff, k|tLs / ljDa ljZn]if0f gu/L gx'g] dflGqs, tflGqs / xflb{s kIfx? vrfvr 5g\ . gjb'uf{sf bfFof–aFfofsf gf} gf} xftx?n] ;dfPsf j:t' ljZn]if0f of]Uo 5g\ . x:tut tL k|To]s j:t'n] gjb'uf{sf gf} j6} uxg lhDd]jf/L k"0f{ e"ldsf / bfloTj ljho bzdLsf] k[i7e"lddf ljj]Ro /x]sf 5g\ . bLIff dGq ;fwgf / tGq ljlw kl/kfngsf kl/k|]Iodf tL x:tut j:t'x?sf ;fGble{s ljZn]if0f x'g,' ug'{ xfdLx?s} yfKnf]sf] gfDnf] / s'Dnf] ag]sf] 5 . ltgnfO{ gxtfl/P/ zfGt / z'e| dgl:yltdo lrGtg agfO cu|;/ x'g' cfˆg} yfKnf]sf] s'Dnf] 7fg]sf] 5' . gj} xftdf gjb'uf{n] ;dfPsf cg]s j:t'x?sf] ljZn]if0f Wofgk"js { ub}{ hfg' xfd|} ;+f:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0fsf b[9 ;ª\sNk 7xl/g] 5 . ;

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;ª\uLt

g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf] Pp6f emns a'n' d'sf?ª g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] cf/De ePsf] Ps ;o jif{ k'/f ePsf] 5 . o; lardf y'k}| ;'/sdL{x? cfP / g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtnfO{ ljsl;t agfpg cljid/0fLo of]ubfg klg k'¥ofP . cg]sf} z}nL, 9fFrf / k/Dk/f :yflkt eO k|of]uflb klg eP . jt{dfg g]kfnL ;ª\uLtdf olt w]/} ljljwtf clg z}nL–lzNk kfOg'df lxhf]sf] kl/>d, cfhsf] Joj;flos k|of]u / ;ª\uLt pBf]usf] :yfkgfsf ;fy} uLlt–;flxTo cfsfzdf pbfpg] g} xf] . olb lxhf]nfO{ b[li6ut gug]{ xf] eg] s'g} klg ljifosf] cfh olsg x'g ;Sb}g / cw'/f] /xg ;S5 . To;}n] ;o jif{sf] cjlwdf ePsf ;fª\uLlts l;h{gfnfO{ o; n]vdfkm{t\ clen]vsf ¿kdf phf/ ug]{ hdsf]{ ul/Psf] 5 . cf/DesfnLg g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLt If]qsf ;Lldt ;'/sdL{ jf ;h{sn] l5d]sL d'ns ' ef/t guO cfˆgf uLt–;ª\uLt /]s8{ u/fpg ;Sg] l:ylt g} p; a]nf lyPg . af6f]3f6f], oftfoft tyf y'k|} ;d:ofx? lyP . tyflk snsQf, aDa} cflb :yfg uO uLt–ufogsf l8is /]s8{ s;/L lgdf{0f u/] xf]nfg\ < ;jfnx? k|z:t} p7\g ;S5g\ . oBlk g]kfnL cfw'lgs ufog cufl8 a9\g uof] . h;af6 g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] km/flsnf] ljsf; clg 7'n} kl/jt{g x'g k'Uof] . lj=;+=!(^% ;fntfsf ;]t/' fd / df]tL/fds[t klxnf] g]kfnL uhn …otf x]¥of] ot} d]/f gh/df /fd Kof/f 5g\Ú nfO{ g} /]s8{sf lx;fan] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] k|fdfl0fs k|yd s[lt dflgPsf] 5 . o; dfgsn] s] :ki6 kfb{5 eg] g]kfnL uLt– ;ª\uLtsf] p7fg uhn ufogaf6 ePsf] xf] . lj=;+= !(^% cl3sf uLt–ufogsf l8is /]s8{ clxn];Dd km]nf kfg{ g;lsPsfn] cfh;Dd o; If]qn] oxL

tYonfO{ k|df0fsf ¿kdf pNn]lvt / p4[t ub}{ cfO /x]sf] 5 . elgG5, lj=;+=!(%) b]lv g} g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf] k|f/lDes r/0fsf] kfOnf pl7 ;s]sf] lyof] . o; p7fgnfO{ k|:6\ofpg] s'g} :tDe clxn];Dd ge]l6g' jf o; If]qsf ;'/sdL{n] yfxf gkfpg' cyjf Oltxf;;d]t cgsG6f/df x'g' rflxF b'MvbfoL s'/f g} xf] . cu|h cflb ;'/sdL{ ;]t/' fd -lj=;+= !($)– @))@_ sf] OxnLnf sl/a ^@ jif{;Dd /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; lardf pgn] k|sfzgdf NofPsfdWo] kfOPsf !$ j6f l8is /]s8{df ;ª\ul| xt @* j6f uLt, uhn / ‰ofp/] ;fy} ehg, lgu'0{ f, /fu–/flugL / g]jf/L gfd lbPsf uLtx? kfOG5g\ . g]kfnL cfw'lgs uLt–;ª\uLtsf] clen]vdf …P cfdf ;fgLdf, l6kL b]pg ;fgLdf, k'mnsf] y'ªu\ f v:of] kfgLdfÚ, …l5 M HofgL ltdLn] t dfof df¥of} lgÚ, …emNemnL d}of kftfnL af]nfpFbf af]lNbgf}Ú, …cfh t hfpmF hfpmF ef]ln t hfpmFhfpmF k;L{ t hfO hfpFnfÚ, cflb uLtx? kfOG5g\ . h;af6 g] k fnL cfw' l gs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; qmd cufl8 a9]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L d]njfb]jL -lj=;+= !(%(–@)!@_ g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] clen]vdf b]vf kg]{ cyf{t\ uLt–ufogsf] l8is /]s8{ eg]{ k|yd uflosf x'g\ . pgsf ;fª\uLlts s[ltx? qmdzM …cfpg a;f}+ lkof/L ldld{/] ‰ofn}dfÚ, …xfO d]/f] k/b]zL lk|td 5f]8/] hfg' ef]Ú, …of] lhGbuLsf] s] e/f];fÚ, …e"sDk qf;Ú, …dfof df/L lgi7'/Ln] 5fgL 5fgL /; lnP/Ú, …s}of km'naf/LÚ, …yfkf g ynLÚ, ;fy} …g 3/nfO{ 3/ slxG5Ú–-/rgf M z'qm/fh zf:qL_ cflb x'g\ . o;} u/L csf{ cu|h ;'/sdL{ df:6/ ldq;]g -;g\ !*(%–!($^_ g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; qmddf b]vf kb{5g\ . pgn] ufPsf uLtx?

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cfh;Dd rlr{t / nf]slk|o klg /x]sf 5g\ . …dnfO{ v'qS' s} kf¥of] h]7fg ltd|f] a}gLn]Ú, …nfx'/s ] f] /]lndfO{ km];g} /fd|fÚ] , …ca t hfpmF sfG5L 3/ af6f] 5 psfnL cf]/fnLÚ, …wfgsf] afnf e'mNof] xh'/ b]z} /dfOnf]Ú, …eg uf]vf{nL bfh'efO – ho uf]vf{nLÚ, …:jfdL ghfpm ljb]zÚ, …tfg;]g s:tf] 5Ú, …xf]d ;fn] xf]d] k]d] :o" :o" nfnf /ª\uLÚ, …lsg u5f}{ tfgftfgLÚ, …r'Or'O{ r'Osg] h'Qf /];dsf] ;f8L d} lsg lbpFnfÚ, …d t ltd|f] 3gZofd ltdL d]/f] /fwf lkof/LÚ, …gf}tn] afpGg] 9f]sfÚ, …5q] 6f]kL 9NsfO{ v's/' L rDsfO{Ú, …d]/f] dft[el" d ;DemÚ, …x]/ s:tL nf6LÚ, …/;/+udf e'nL uof]Ú, …x]/ s[i0f ljlrqÚ, …d'vs { f] sd{nÚ] cflb uLtx? df:6/ ldq;]gn] ufPsf] kfOG5 . zf:qLo tyf ‰ofp/] ;ª\uLtsf] cfwf/df ;ª\uLta4 ul/Psf To;a]nfsf uLtx? k|foM ufos÷uflosf :jod\n] g} /rgf u/]sf] x'g' k5{ . lsgls s]xL uLt jf uhnafx]s /rgfsf/sf] gfd c¿ uLtdf pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOFbg} . oxL qmddf ufos bnaxfb'/sf] k|jz ] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtdf ePsf] b]lvG5 . pgn] …sfG5L gfgL k'mn eof] v/fgLÚ, …;'g;'g sfG5L gfgLÚ, af]nsf b'O{ uLt lj=;+= !(&) sf] bzslt/} ufPsf] dflgG5 . uLtsf] zAbdf …gfgLÚ n]Vg] rng / /f0ffsfnLg b/af/df /x]sf gfrufgsf tflnd]x?nfO{ gfgL eGg] k|rng Ps} ;dosf] pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . of] k|;ª\u lsg p7\g' h?/L 5 eg] …sfG5LÚ tyf …gfgLÚ cflb zAbfjnLsf] k|of]u tTsfnLg b/af/df x'g] ub{Yof] . o;sf] k|efj uLt–;ª\uLtsf dfWodn] hg:t/;Dd klg kg{ uPsf] b]Vg b]lvG5 . ld; kftfn rfOgfsf uLtx? lj=;+ !(** kl5sf l8is /]s8{df kfOPsf 5g\ . …cgfxs df]xg af6f] g5]s dnfO{Ú, Psfk6\l6 / csf]{ ;fO8df g]jf/L uLt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;+ejt g]jf/ efiffsf] uLt ufpg] klxnf] gf/L ld; kftfn rfOgf g} x'g\ . o;cl3 ;]t/' fdn] klg g]jf/L uLt ufO ;s]sf] b]lvG5 . ld; kftfn rfOgfs} ;dsfnLg uflosf ¿kdf ld; tf/f jfOnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . pgn] klg …agL of]uL a;L jgdfÚ / csf]{ g]jf/L uLt ufPsf] kfOG5 . o;} qmddf uflosf ld; b'nf/Ln] ufPsf b'O{ uLt km]nf kb{5g\ . Ps …cfzf u/]/ vfnL afFrf}F x/] s;/LÚ / csf]{ …cfof] j;Gt dlxgfÚ af]nsf

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uLtx? . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; qmddf o'un ufogsf] ;'?cft uflosf åo ld; k|ldnf / ld; b'nf/Låf/f ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;nfO{ gf/L o'un ufog -Duet Singing_ dfq eGbf klg o'un ufogs} klxnf] s[lt xf] ls eGg] cg'dfg klg ug{' kg]{ x'G5 . uflosf åon] ufPsf] …d tf] ug]{ x'F x} /f]hL /f]hLÚ af]nsf] uLt g} g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] clen]vdf kfOg] k|yd o'un uLt xf] . lj=;+= !(() ;fnlt/} df:6/ k"0f{dfgsf] cfudg g]kfnL ;ª\uLt If]qdf ePsf] b]lvG5 . pgn] …/fgL jg}df gf/fg ;Dem dg}df, PSn} 5f]8L ghfpm gfgL jgsf] bf]sfgdfÚ af]nsf uLtx? Psn :j/df tyf …k|d ] sf] emf]nL k|d ] sf] uf]nL k|d ] sf] of] nLnfÚ af]nsf] o'un ufog uflosf ld; xLgfb]jL;Fu ufPsf] b]lvG5 . gf/L tyf k'?if cfjfhdf /x]sf] of] g} klxnf] g]kfnL o'un uLt xf] . k'?if g} gf/L ag]/ gfRg]–ufpg] ;dodf u'lh| /x]sf] g]kfnL ;ª\uLt If]qsf] ;+ejtM k|yd k|of]u o; uLtnfO{ dfGg ;lsG5 . o;} qmddf df:6/ hLt' l;+x g]kfnL ufogdf b]vf kb{5g\ . pgL zf:qLo tyf ‰ofp/] z}nLnfO{ 6kSs l6k]/ uLt noa4 ug{ ;kmn b]lvG5g\ . pgsf …ltd|f] ;'Gb/ slnnf] j+z } dfÚ, …3fF6Ldf bd 5 d]/f] Ps emNsf]Ú / …tL/ h:tf] ltd|f] cfFz' x]/ÚF] cflb uLtn] oxL s'/fsf] k'li6 ub{5 . o;}u/L ld; k|ef, ld; xLgfb]jL, xL/fjfO{, k~rafnf bf;L, ld; kf?nafnf, ld; rGbfb]jL, ld; ;fgL l;+x, ld; zflGtb]jL ;fy} p:tfb v]d rGb, xjNbf/ dfgjL/ /fgf, p:tfb ab|L, ejfgLr/0f bf;, p:tfb ;flxFnf / df:6/ /Tgbf; k|sfzsf] qmd g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLt If]qdf cufl8 a9]sf] b]lvG5 . ld; k|efn] …tfjfFsf] 3}nf gf}/ª\u] 8fFkm] lkQnsf] 3kgfÚ, …k+IfL ha af]nÚ] / …lsg 5f]8o\ f} ltdLn] /; rfvL lgi7'/LÚ -uhn_ cflb uLt–uhndf :j/ lbPsf] b]lvG5 . ld; xLgfb]jLn] …sfG5fn] sfG5LnfO{ nUof] jgsf] af6f] nfnl6g afn]/Ú / …s[i0f lga'jf lgrf]/L df/L xfNof}Ú, …d]/f] afnf hf]jgÚ, …afFsf df]xgdfÚ ;fy} df:6/ k"0f{dfg;Fu …k|d ] sf] emf]nLÚ -o'unuLt_ cflb af]nsf uLtx? ufPsf] b]lvG5 . gAa]s} bzsdf p:tfb v]r rGbn] …d} x'F sGof s'df/LÚ, …a;g

lbge/Ú nufot uflosf xL/fjfO{;uF …rsL{ uf] dsL{ uf] d]/f] gf/LÚ af]nsf] uLt klg o'un ufog u/]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; qmddf p:tfb v]d rGb / lx/fjfO{ o'un uLt ufpg] csf]{ hf]8Lsf ¿kdf b]vf kb{5g\ . uflosf xL/fjfO{n] Psn ¿kdf cGo s'g} uLt ufPsf] xfn;Dd kfOPsf] 5}g . oxL gAa]s} bzsdf b]lvPsf] csf]{ uflosf k~rafnf bf;L x'g\ . pgn] …g/f]pm df]xg a'emg k/fO{Ú, …of] lhGbuLsf]Ú, …kfkL s[i0f lg/dfO{Ú / ‰ofp/] z}nLdf /x]sf] …lgZro klg tf/LÚ cflb uLtx? ufPsf] b] l vG5 . …dfnf ufF ; L n} h fpm ;' G b/Ú, …cfh b'MvLx?nfO{ Kof/ u/Ú af]nsf uLt ufpg] ejfgLr/0f bf;sf l8is /]s8{ o;} bzsdf ;|ft] fdfem cfPsf] dflgG5 . oxL ;dosf csf{ ufos xjNbf/ dfgjL/ /fgf x'g\ . pgn] …dnfO{ l;kfxL egL l8o/ x]nf gu/ ltDnfO{ NofO lbpFnf uDsfpg] ;f/LÚ / …dfof t gdf/] d]/f] HofgÚ af]nsf b'O{ uLt ufPsf] kfOG5 t/ p:tfb cfgGb lj=;+= !(*( lt/s} ufos dflgG5g\ . pgsf ;fª\uLlts s[ltx? …cfFz' slt t v:5Ú, …d ePtf au]sf]Ú, …gaf]nL lsg x]5f}Ú{ / …;Fbf r~rn gh/ kbf{ v/fgL 3:g afFsL ef]Ú cflb x'g\ . ld; kf?nafnfn] ufPsf uLtx? …dfof gdf/ Kof/LÚ -‰ofp/]_, …k|d ] clUgdf k/LÚ -uhn_ cflb x'g\ . ld; kf?nafnfs} ;dsfnLg uflos ld; rGbfb]jLn] …of] lk/tL nfpFnf s;/LÚ / …dnfO{ sfG5L gvfg b]p xl/of] wlgofFÚ af]nsf b'O{ uLt ufPsf] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L uflosf ld; ;f]gL l;+xn] …dg x/]/ nUof] nf]efO{ nf]efO{Ú / …dxfeQm xl/ dxfFÚ ;fy} uflosf ld; zfGtfb]jLn] …a'af aDa} guO 5f]8l\ bgFÚ / …s:sf] cQ/ uDSof] lgÚ af]n /x]sf uLtx? ufPsf] b]lvG5 . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; qmddf p:tfb ;flxFnf -lj=;+= !(%!–@)!#_ / p:tfb ab|L -lj=;+= !(%&–@)!*_ sf of]ubfg pNn]vgLo /x]sf] kfOG5 . ;flxFnfn] …sfnf] 7]sL gf/fg sfnL sf7sf] /ftf] 7]sL bf/sf], lbg} cfpF5 l/ª\b} 3'Db} hf]jg Ps} af/sf] xh'/ ;d}{ l/;fpg], tLg} ;x/ gf/fg g]kfn}df /S;L a]Rg] ;'8F L,

nf}/f] 6]sL kf]Onf hfg] bfFt km'Sn]sL a'9LÚ af]nsf] ax'kr | fl/t uLtsf ;fy} …;fOFnfhL rGbgLsf] psfnLdf nfpFnf 7"n} a/ dfof n}Ú, …lbn Hofg lbO /x]5' af]n' gÚ, …laGtL g5]8 5ftLÚ, …gcf ufpgsf] ;f/L d]/f]Ú -uhn_ cflb uLt–uhn ufPsf] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L p:tfb ab|Ln] …g a5L{ g vGh/Ú -g]kfnL uLt_, …d]/f] af/Lsf] df]n gb]Ú -7'd/L_, …Ps r'Dag Ps lvTsfÚ -/rgf M afns[i0f ;d_, …h'yf rfnÚ -g]jf/L_, …ug'{ lkm/fb s:dfÚ -uhn_, …kfg la/f vfOvfO ltvf{ dnfO{ nfUof] kfgL b]pg ;fnL gfgLÚ cflb uLt–uhn ufPsf] kfOG5 . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; qmdsf] klxnf] r/0fsf] lar}df df:6/ /Tgbf; k|sfz -lj=;+= !(&)–@)$(_ sf] ;fª\uLlts cfudg ePsf] kfOG5 . pgn] …emdemd kfgL k¥of] c;f/sf] /ftÚ, …k|d ] lkof/L ltdL 5f}Ú, …l56f]l56f] hfpm afbnÚ, …lqe'jgsf] a}s'07 ofqfÚ -/rgf M 7fs'/gfy l/dfn, /Tgbf;, s'df/L lnln l;+x / zflGtsf] ;d"x :j/df_, …hf]jg laTof] cfFzn ' Ú] , …Joy}{ g/f]pm x] lbnÚ, …d cfpg] 5'Ú, …g cfof] gLFb cfFvfdfÚ, …8fS5 dnfO{ k'sfb}Ú{ cflb w]/} uLt ufPsf] kfOG5 . /]l8of] g]kfnsf] :yfkgf -@))& r}t @)_ ;Fu;Fu} wd{/fh yfkf -!(*!–@)&!_, s[i0fdfg 8+uf]n -!(*@–@)^@_, e}/aaxfb'/ yfkf -!(*@– <_, xl/k|;fb l/dfn -!(*@_, gfltsfhL -!(*@–@)^)_, hgfb{g ;d -!(*$–@)#(_, sf]OnLb]jL -!(*&– @)$^_, kGgfsfhL -!(**_, k'ik g]kfnL -!(**– @)%*_, lzjzª\ s / -!(*(–@)^!_ cflb ;ª\uLtsdL{x?sf] l;h{gfTds ;fª\uLlts ofqf cf/De x'g yfNb5 . h;n] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] df}lnskg / a9L dfqfdf g]kfnL z}nLsf] yfngLsf ;fy} ljsf; qmdsf] bf];f| ] r/0f klg cf/De ePsf] dflgG5 . o;}qmddf 1fgaxfb'/, k|d] k|sfz dNn, /fg'bj] L, kmQ]dfg, sNof0f l/dfn, k]d | Wjh, dfl0fs/Tg, cDa/ u' ? ª, hutdb{ g yfkf ;fy} aRr' s } n fz, gf/fo0fuf]kfn, uf]kfn of]~hg, tf/fb]jL, c¿0ff nfdf cflb l;h{gzLn ;'/sdL{x?sf] pkl:yltn] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] km}nfj6 ljsl;t x'bF } g]kfnL ;ª\uLt …:j0f{ o'uÚdf k|jz ] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . oxL d"n af6f]df ;L=kL=nf]xgL, zflGt 76fn, rGb|/fh

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zdf{, uª\uf /f0ff, ;L=s]=/;fOnL, sd{ of]~hg, u0f]z kl/of/, lbndfof vftL, czf]s /fO{, /glht uhd]/, lx/0o ef]hk'/,] pld{nf >]i7 ef]hk'/,] u0f]z /l;s, of]uz ] j}B, g'k/' e§frfo{, z'lznf s+zfsf/, a6'si[ 0f Hjfnf, sdnf >]i7, 1fg' /f0ff, z'eaxfb'/, bLk >]i7, eQm/fh cfrfo{, dL/f /f0ff cflb b]lvG5g\ . @)@)–@! ;fnkl5 /fd]z, /fog, dGh'n cyf{t\ …/fNkmfÚ ;d"x aGof] . h;n] hgjfbL uLt– ;ª\uLtsf] dfWodaf6 ;fdflhs tyf /fhgLlts kl/jt{g jf ¿kfGt/sf] uf]/]6f] vGg yfNof] . !*– !( ;fncl3 /fd]z cyf{t\ /fd]Zj/ >]i7 / /fog cyf{t\ gf/fo0feQm >]i7 km/s 9ª\usf – …ufO{ rg]d { f e}; + L r¥of] agsf] ;]vL em¥of], agsf] /fhf s';'08fnfO{ xh'/ eGg' k¥of]Ú h:tf cf]vn9'ª\u] nf] s uLtx? ufpF y ] . hgjfbL uLt–ufogs} l;nl;nfdf @(–#) ;fnlt/ …;ª\sNkÚ kl/jf/sf] hGd eof] / uLt–;ª\uLt / k|sfzgsf] dfWodaf6 /fhg} l ts kl/jt{ g flb vf] l hP . To; qmddf h]=aL=6'x/' ,] zDe' /fO{, /fds[i0f b'jfn, ljho ;'Aaf cflb ufos cufl8 a9] . kl/jt{gs} nflu eP klg hgjfbL ufos hLjg zdf{n] ;dft]sf] ;fª\uLlts wf/ cnUu} /x]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf; /]l8of] g]kfn tyf /]l8of] Ot/ b'j} lsl;dn] ePsf] b]lvG5 . lt;sf] bzsdf cfO k'Ug' cufj} kfZrfTo z}nLsf ;ª\uLt ;d"x ;ª\uLt If]qdf b]vf kg{ yfn]sf] lyof] . …b kfv]hÚ, …8fOd08Ú, …lk|hdÚ, …b lxdfnogÚ cflb o;sf pbfx/0f x'g\ . h;df ;'j0f{ tfd|sf/,

;'j0f{ lnDa", k]Daf nfdf, b]j /fgf, lszf]/ u'?ª, /a6{ ;'Aaf, cNa6{ ;'AAff, dx]Gb| nfdf, lbg]z /fO{, bLks yfkf cflb /x]sf 5g\ . !*–@) kl5 cDa/ u' ? ªnfO{ /fHo:t/af6} bfhL{ l nªaf6 g] k fn leq\ofOPkl5 uf]kfn of]~hg, lk6/ h]=sfy{s, /glht uhd]/, k|sfz u'?ª, a[Gbf df]Qmfg, gf]a" l5l/ª cflb ;ª\uLtsdL{x?sf] k|jz ] g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtdf x'g uof] . cf;fd–l;nf]ª, adf{ If]qaf6 ;L=s]=/;fOnL, cf/tL g]jf, rGb|snf g]jf, dfof 7s'/L, ;/:jtL :ofª\af] cflb x'g\ eg] o;}u/L cf/=aL= ;'Aaf, afbn u'?ª, s[i0f ldhf/, /sL yfkf du/, nf]lxt uf]uf]O,{ dGt'l;+x ;fzª\s/, d~h/L 7s'/L, ef:sf/ k|wfg, vu]g zdf{, s]=aL=u'?ª, h]=aL= tfdfª, lu/Ldfg k|wfg cflbsf] k|jz ] g]kfnL ;ª\uLtdf x'g uof] . e'6fgaf6 dl0f ;'Aaf, dw's/ nf]xgL, sfG5Ldfof ;'Aaf cflbsf] k|jz ] eof] . l;lSsdsf ;fg' nfdf, kjg rfdlnª, ;fg'efO zdf{, anL ;'Aaf, ?b| kf}8n ] , k|wD' g >]i7, 6L=kL=rGb| ;'Aaf, jL¿ afª\bn ] , r'lgnfn l3ld/], k"0f{ of]~hg cflb uLtsf/sf ¿kdf / ufog If]qdf a]~hfldg /fO{, b]ps'df/ b'dL, lzl/s'df/ kflv|g, /f]hnLg nfdf, ljdnf k|wfg, pTtd k|wfg, ;' l gn dx/f cflb If] q sf cg] s g\ ;' / – ;ª\uLtsdL{x?sf ;fª\uLlts s[lt klg g]kfnL cfw'lgs uLt–;ª\uLtsf] d"n af6f]df cfO k'u] . h'g qmddf lg/Gt/ /x]sf] 5 . h;n] g]kfnL uLt– ;ª\uLtsf] j[lQ–ljsf;df dxTTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 . ;

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cGtjf{tf{

s[ltsf] u'0fjTtf ahf/ zf:qaf6 lgwf{l/t x'g yfn]sf] 5 Clif/fh a/fn g]kfnL ;flxTodf lt;sf] bzsb]lv g} lqmofzLn Clif/fh a/fn -@))(_ ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfbL ;flxTo l;h{gfdf :yflkt ;|i6f x'g\ . ltg j6f pkGof;, cfwf bh{geGbf a9L syf ;ªu|x, Ps bh{gsf] xf/fxf/Ldf ;dfnf]rgf s[lt / b'O{ j6f zAb lrq÷lgaGw s[ltsf /rgfsf/ a/fnsf] s'g} klg /rgfnfO{ dfS;{jfbL hLjg b[li6af6 cWoog ljZn]if0f ug'{ pgsf] n]vsLo ljz]iftf xf] . dfS;{jfb, pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb, dfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{ zf:qsf af/]df uxg cWoog, lrGtg / ax;df s]lGb|t x'g] pgsf] n]vsLo k|jl[ Q /x]sf] 5 . bh{g eGbf a9L ;dfnf]rgf s[lt n]v] klg cfkm"nfO{ cfVofgsf/sf ?kdf lrgfpg rfxg] 8f= Clif/fh a/fn;Fu ;flxTosf ljljw ljifodf s]lGb|t eP/ ;dsfnLg ;flxTosf k|wfg ;Dkfbs dft[sf kf]v/]nn] lng' ePsf] cGtjf{tf{ oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 M != tkfO{s + f] ;flxlTos hLjgsf] cf/De s;/L eof] < — dfG5]df b]lvg] vf; k|j[lQx?sf] k|bz{g afNosfnb]lv g} x'g] /x]5 . d]/f] 3/kl/jf/sf] kl/j]z, To;df klg d}n] cfkm"leq ;fdflhs ;r]tgfsf] af]w ug{ yfn]kl5 d]/f] jl/kl/sf] jftfj/0faf/] d}n] h] af]w u/]F / a'em]F To;n] d]/f] efjgfTds kIf a9L lqmofzLn x'g] / agfpg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf u¥of] . deGbf dflysf ltg hgfsf] nuftf/ d'To' / cfdfaf6 ;'gs ] f] …d[To' kj{Ú sf syfx?, @)!! ;fnsf] af9L– klx/f]n] ;du| hUuf hldg aufP/ ;'sD' af;L agfPsf] l:ylt lar dnfO{ v'jfpg] ;fdn ;d]t gx'bF fsf]] kL8fsf] syfn] d]/f] efjgfTds kIfnfO{ a9L k|efljt kf¥of] . df]xL dfUg cfkmGtsxfF hfFbf df]xLsf] 9'ªu\ f| ] vf];/] ˆofln lbPsf] 36gfsf] ljDa cem} klg d] / f] dfg;k6ndf h:tfsf] t:t} 5 . afNosfnsf o:tf ;Gbe{x? g} d]/f] efjgfTds kIfnfO{ ;lqmo t'Nofpg] cfwf/x? lyP . csf]{ ljDa klg 5 dl;t . d]/f] 3/df Pp6f kftnf] k':ts lyof] . To;sf] aflx/L kGgf -se/_ lyPg . tn rGb|dfsf] cfsf/sf] Pp6f kmf]6f] -nf]uf]_ lyof] . dfG5]sf] cfsf/ h:tf]

nfUg] Tof] nf]uf]sf cfFvf d]/f cfFvfdf o;/L a:of] To;sf] ljDa clxn] klg tfh} 5 . cfdfnfO{ Tof] lstfa sG7 h:t} lyof] . cfdfn] d]/f] dfjn b'Dhfaf6 Nofpg' ePsf] /x]5 . kl5 dfq dnfO{ yfxf eof], Tof] k':ts g]efk|;af6 k|sflzt d'gfdbg kf] /x]5 .

To;}u/L dleqsf] efjgfTds kIfnfO{ yk pmhf{zLn agfpg] k|/] 0ff kfq :s'nh ] Ljgsf u'? dsjfgLjfnf dxfsfJosf ;|i6f pdfgfy zf:qL …l;Gw'nLoÚ x'g' x'GYof] . cf7 sIffdf k9\bf pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf af/]df lgaGw n]Vg nufpg' eof] . d}n] ;a}eGbf a9L !^ cª\s kfPsf] lyPF . pxfFn] n]Vgsf nflu lbPsf] k|fT] ;fxg ;flxTo n]vgtkm{ k|jT[ t x'gsf nflu yk kfOnf] lyof] . ddf b]jsf]6fk|lt a9L cfsif{0f lyof] / d]/f] klxnf] k|sflzt ;dfnf]rgf klg …b]jsf]6fdf /fli6«o efjgfÚ -@)#@_ lyof] . To;}u/L gf} sIffdf k9\bf :s'ndf ePsf] ;flxlTos k|ltof]lutfdf syf n]vgtkm{ d k|yd ePsf] lyPF . o;/L x]bf{ d]/f] afNosfnsf] ef]ufO, :s'nh ] Ljg / dleq /x]sf] efjgfTds kIf g} d]/f] ;flxlTos n]vgsf] ;[hg ;|f]t aGof] .

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 97

@= tkfO{+sf] n]vgsf] d"n pb\b]Zo s] xf] < lsg / eg] em}F æljåfgx?n] o; ljZjsf ljljw lsl;dn] s;sf nflu n]Vg'x'G5 < JofVof dfq u/]sf 5g\, d"n s'/f o;nfO{ km]g{' — o; k|Zgsf] pTt/ ;kf6 lsl;dn] glbP/ xf]Æ l;t ;Da4 5 . cleJolStsf] snf / ;[hg k|lqmofl;t hf]8/] #= ;du| ;flxToleq k|ultzLn ;flxTon] s'g s'g lbg' a9L j}1flgs x'G5 . n]Vg] eg]sf] cfˆgf] cy{df leGgtf /fV5 < cg'el" tnfO{ cleJoSt ug]{ sfd / snf xf] . — l;ª\uf] k|Zgsf] pTt/, To;df klg …k|ultzLnÚ dfG5]n] of]hgfa4 ;fy} :j:km"t{ ¿kdf klg eGg] h'g kbfjnLsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 o;n] cfˆgf ljrf/, efjgf, a'emfO / egfOnfO{ s] x L k| : 6tfsf] dfu ub{ 5 . ;fdfGotM cleJoSt ul/ /x]sf] x'G5 . ;flxTosnf k| u ltzLn kbfjnLn] ;fk] I ftf / cleJolStsf] ;r]tg snf xf], t/ of] cln t'ngfTdstfdf cy{sf] vf]hL / JofVofsf] dfu km/s lsl;dsf] snf xf] . o;sf cfˆg} ub{ 5 . vf; u/] / ;fdflhs Jojxf/ / cg'zf;g, lgod ;ª\ult / k4lt x'G5g\ . /fhgLlts If]qdf æof] kIf eGbf of] kIf To;}n] ;flxTonfO{ snfTds sfo{ elgPsf] k|ultzLnÆ eg]/ rrf{ kl/rrf{ ug]{ ul/G5 . xf] . ;'?;'?df cfˆgf dgsf s'/f cleJoSt k' F h Ljfbn] ;fd| f HojfbL rl/q u| x 0f ug{ dg ug]n { ] cfkm"n] b]vs ] f] ef]us ] f], cg'et" gu?Gh]n;Dd dfS;{n] klg ;fdGtjfb eGbf u/]sf] / cfkm"nfO{ nfu]sf] s'/f, kL8f j]bgf / k'h F Ljfb k|ultzLn zlSt xf] eGg' ePsf] lyof] . v';L ;fdfGo ¿kdf cleJoSt u5{ . ;fdflhs k/Gt' ca cfP/ k'h F Ljfb k|ultzLn zlSt hLjgl;t h' W b} hfF b f p;sf] jl/kl/sf] /x]g / o;n] j}rfl/s tyf /fhgLlts If]qdf ;dfhl;tsf] ;DaGw / ;Gbe{nfO{ Jojxf/sf o; lsl;dsf] rl/qsf] lgaf{x klg ug{ ;St}g . dfWodaf6 a'‰b} hfFbf p;df cfkm" jl/kl/sf] casf] k'h F Ljfbn] ;fd|fHojfbsf] k|ltlglwTj ;dfh / hLjgk|ltsf] wf/0ff lgdf{0f x'bF } hfG5 . u5{ / o;n] ;fdGtjfbl;t klg xft]dfnf] of] wf/0ff cGttM ;dfh, ;dflhs cGtlj{/f]w, u5{ . cfGtl/s sltko :jfy{df leGgtf eP ;'Gb/ / s'¿k, hLjGt / d[t clg xLg / pbfQ klg juL{o k|Zgdf Pstf g} pgLx? larsf] cflbnfO{ x]g{] / a'‰g] ljZj b[li6sf]0fsf ¿kdf k|wfg kIf xf] . dfS;{jfbLx? t'ngfjfb / lgld{t / ljsl;t x'G5 . :j:k"mt{ a'emfO / ;fk]Iftfjfbaf6 aRg' kg]{ x'G5 . o;} cy{df 7DofOF ;r]tgg a'emfOdf km]l/G5 . n]vg …k|ultzLnÚ kbfjnLsf] k|of]uk|lt klg k|:6 sfo{df, oxLFaf6 p;df s] n]Vg], lsg n]Vg] / x'g' cfjZos 5 . s;sf nflu n]Vg] eGg] j}rfl/s kIfw/tfsf] csf]{ s'/f g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{ cem blIf0f Pl;ofs} ljsf; x'G5 . ljZj b[li6sf]0fn] kIfw/tfnfO{ ;Gbe{df klg jfdkGyLx? eGbf sDo'lg:6x? lgwf{ l /t u5{ . n] v gdf of] kIfw/tf eGg] a'lemP em}F k|ultzLn ;flxTo cyjf cleJolStsf ljljw ¿kx?dfkm{t k|ltlalDat k|ultzLn n]vs eGbf dfS;{jfbL n]vs eg]/ x' G 5 . of] qmd j} r fl/s k| l ta4tfaf6 Jjjxf/df a'‰g] ul/Psf] klg kfOG5 . cem ;ª\ u 7gfTds k| l ta4tfdf ljsl;t / ef/tLo k|efjsf ;fy} k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] ¿kfGtl/t x'G5 . :jLsf/ ug'{ gug'{ leGg} s'/f sfnv08sf] ljlzi6tfdf xfdLn] …k|ultjfbÚ xf], t/ ;a} y/L n]vsx?df of] s'/f nfu' kbfjnLsf] ;jf{lws k|of]u u¥of}F . o;sf] xfdLn] x'G5 . ;'Gb/ / s'¿k, xLg / pbfQk|ltsf] h;/L JofVof–ljZn]if0f u¥of},F xfdLn] dfS;{jfbL p;sf] a'emfO / 7DofOFdf g} p;sf] kIfw/tf ;flxTo lrGtgs} ¿kdf ljZn]if0f u¥of}F . d]/f] ls6fg x' G 5 . d æljrf/ ha dfG5] s f] ljrf/df …k|ultjfbÚ kbfjnL klg ljjfbf:kb dgdlit:sdf k'U5, Tof] ef}lts zlStdf 5 . o;sf] cª\u|]hLdf …k|f]u]l;HdÚ x'G5 / km]l/G5Æ eGg] s'/fdf ljZjf; u5'{ / ;To klg dfS;{jfb …k|fu] l] ;HdÚ xf]Og / …k|fu] l;HdÚ n] oxL xf] . ;fy} d]/f] n]vgsf] pb\bZ] o dfS;{n] dfS;{jfbL d"No / dfGotfsf] uxg / j[xt\

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 98

k|1f–ultljlw

cfofdnfO{ ;d]6g\ klg ;St}g . klZrdfx? ;Da4 qmflGtsf/L cfzfjfbn] el/Psf] n]vg ;f]em} dfS;{jfbL n]vg, ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfb / lg/f;f s'07f, z"Gotfaf]w, ef]ujfb / eG5g\ / oyfy{ klg oxL g} xf] . xfdLn] pkef]Stfjfbdf cfwfl/t n]vg lar h] leGgtf ljjfbf:kb kbfjnL k|of]u ug'{ plrt x'bF g} . x'G5, ToxL leGgtf æ;du| ;flxToleq k|ultzLn xfd|f] n]vg k|fu] l]| ;Hddf xf]Og, dflS;{Hddf ;flxTosf]Æ x'G5 . cfwfl/t 5 / x'g' k5{ . lxhf] h] h:tf] kbfjnL $= /fhgLlt / ;flxTo larsf] ;DaGwnfO{ tkfO{+ k|of]u ul/P klg ca xfdLn] ;f]em} dfS;{jfbL s;/L kl/eflift ug'{ x'G5 < n]vg eg]/ ;Daf]wg ug'{ ;xL x'G5 . k|ZgfjnLdf — d]/f] ljrf/df of] cln k'/fgf] / c;fGble{s eO k| o f] u kl/Psf] …k| u ltzLnÚ kbfjnLnfO{ ;s]sf] k|Zg xf] . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df dfq s'/f dfS;{jfbL ;flxTosf] cy{df lnP/ pTt/ lbg] ubf{ klg hf] hf] ;flxTo / /fhgLltsf] ;DaGw k|of; u/]sf] s'/f klg d oxfF k|:6 kfg{ rfxG5' . x'bF g} / 5}g eGy], kl5sf lbgdf ltgn] vf;vf; ;flxTosf] d"No / bfloTjnfO{ cfTd;ft ug]{ / ljrf/ / /fhgLltsf] em08f v'n/] } af]s] / clxn] ;flxTo / ;dfhsf] ;DaGwnfO{ a'‰g] s'/fsf klg af]ls /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL ;flxTodf sljtf ;fy} oyfy{ / e|d, ;'Gb/, s'¿k, hLjGt / n]vgdf @)!#÷!$ kl5 ljDajfbL–k|ltsjfbL d[ t nfO{ a' e mg] s' / fdf b] l vg] leGgtf o'/f]–cd]l/sL n]vgsf] xfjf nfUof] . df]xg k|ltljDag;DaGwL wf/0ff / ;flxTo snfsf] sf]O/fnfx? /fhgLlt / ;flxTosf] ;DaGw gx'g] ;dfh ¿kfGt/0fsf/L e" l dsfsf] a' e mfO s'/fsf] jsfnt ub}{ cl3 ;/] . k~rfotL ;DaGwL dfGotfdf cfwfl/t 5 . o; a'emfOdf /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] cf/Dekl5 g]kfnL ;flxTo snf lsg, s;sf nflu / s;/L ltg ;flxlTos n] v g Psflt/ k~rufdL cf]6} s'/f hf]l8Psf 5g\ . of] leGgtf ljZj cfTd;dk{0fjfb / lg/fzfjfbL s'G7fjfb clg b[li6sf]0fdf 5 / o;n] oyfy{sf] klxrfg / csf]l{ t/ qmflGtsf/L cfzfjfbdf ljeflht eof] cGj]if0fsf ;fy} snfTds k|ltljDagl;t ;Da4 . o'4k|;fb ld>, /fdrGb| e6\6/fO{, ljdn kIfnfO{ k|efljt / k|ltljlDat ul/ /x]sf] x'G5 . lgef / ljqmd ;'Aafx? Pp6f lsQfdf lyP / g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df @))& ;fn cl3sf b]jsf]6f csf]{ lsQfdf cfofd]nL gf/fsf ;fy O{Zj/ / l/dfnsf /rgfx?sf] cWoog ubf{ klg xfdL jNne / a}/fuL sfOFnfx? lyP . cfofd]nLx? …;du| ;flxToÚ leq …k|ultzLnÚ ;flxTosf] k|of]ujfbsf gfddf oyfl:yltsf] kIfkf]if0f ul/ leGgtf cg'et" ug{ ;S5fF} . @))& ;fnkl5 /x]sf lyP, t/ s[i0f kf]vn ]| / ljdn lgefx? snfsnfsf nflu k' k { I f ug] { kfZrfTo …emf]8fsf] uLtÚ / …cfuf]g/] plePsf] dflg;Ú ljDajfbsf df]xg sf]O/fnfsf] sljtf …km;L{sf] sf ;fy plePsf lyP To;} u/L w'jr | Gb| uf}td h/fÚ / cfnf]rgfTds oyfy{jfbsf ;zQm pkGof;x? afn' j fdfly / 8fkLdfkm{ t kIfw/ e"kL z]/rgsf] sljtf …xf]lrldGxnfO{ cl:tTjjfbL lg/fzf / s'G7fdf hLjg 3f]ln lr7LÚ nfO{ cufl8 /fVbf klg æ;du| ;flxToleq /x]sf lyP eg] vu]Gb| ;ª\uf| n } f r]tgfsf] klxnf] k|ultzLn ;flxTosf] leGgtfÆ k|:6 x'G5 .

8fs dfkm{t gofF r]tgfsf] pb\af]wg ul/ /x]sf k|of]usf nflu k|of]udf cfwfl/t cfofd]nL lyP . k/Gt' ;do kl/l:ylt;F u } df] x g sljtfx? / kfl/hft / ljdn lgefsf sljtfx? sf]O/fnfx? ;flxTo / /fhgLlt cnu gx'g] cufl8 /fv]/ cWoog ubf{, lj;ª\ultjfb / s'/fsf] 3f]if0ff ug{ afWo eP / a}/fuL sfOFnfx? z"Gojfbsf] k'kI{ f ug]{ asjf;x? / kfl/hft, hg cfGbf]ngdf vf; kf6L{sf] kl/ro af]s/] s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚ / k"0f{ lj/fdsf sljtfx? ;8sdf lgl:sP . ;flxTosf] /fhgLltl;t cufl8 /fv]/ x]bf{ æ;du| ;flxToleq k|ultzLn ;DaGw x'bF g} eg]/ eGg]x?n] …?v 5fkÚ sf] ;flxTosf] leGgtfÆ k|:6 x'G5 . dfG5]n] afFRgsf kIfsf sljtf / uLt n]v/] k|rf/ ;ldltsf] nflu u/]sf ;ª\3if{, hLjgaf]w / >dr]tgfl;t g]tT[ j u/]sf] oyfy{ klg xfd|f ;fd' 5g\ . To;}n]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 99

/fhgLlt / ;flxTo larsf] ;DaGw x'G5 ls dfS;{jfbsf] asf]{ cf]9/] o;sf] lje|dLs/0f / x'bF g} eg]/ kl/eflift ug]{ s'/f ca c;fGble{s ljs[lts/0fsf] of]hgfdf tNnLg 5 eGg] s'/f eO ;Sof] . ;a} Pp6f Pp6f kf6L{sf] cf]tdf klg lbgsf] 3fd hlQs} k|:6 5 . s;nfO{ cfˆgf] cl:tTj vf]lh /x]sf 5g\ . n]vgdf dfof ug],{ s;nfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug],{ s;nfO{ cfpg] of] /fhgLlt s'g ju{sf] ;]jfdf 5 eGg] cufl8 a9fpg], s;nfO{ /fd|f] eGg] / s;nfO{ s'/fn] rflxF cxd\ dxTTj /fVb5 . ;fy} s'/f s] geGg] s'/f dfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{ zf:qsf] cfwf/e"t klg xf] eg] /fhgLlt n]vgdf s;/L cfPsf] 5 d"No dfGotfl;t ;Da4 k|Zg xf] . o; ;Gbe{df eGg] s' / f klg dxTTjk" 0 f{ x' G 5 . xfdL klxnf] s'/f ;|i6fsf] n]vg g} s]Gb|Lo kIf xf] . dfS;{jfbLx? oyfy{sf] snfTds k|ltljDagdf o;df p;df lglxt ljZj b[li6sf]0fsf] cxd\ hf]8 lbG5f}F . snfTds k|ltljDag uxg cy{ / e"ldsf x'G5 . ;fy;fy} ju{ kIfw/tf / ;+:yfut ;Gbe{ af]ss ] f] kbfjnL xf] . o;l;t P]ltxfl;s, k|lta4tf klg TolQs} dxTTjk"0f{ 5g\ . kf6L{x?

1fg dLdf+;Lo / ;f}Gbof{Tds kIf hf]l8Psf] 5 eg]sf ;dfhdf /x]sf ljleGg ju{x?sf] ljrf/ eGg] s'/fdf rflxF xfdL k|:6 x'g' cfjZos 5 . / Jojxf/nfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;ª\ul7t zlSt %= dfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{ zf:q / ;dfnf]rgf kf6L{k/:t ePsfn] n]vs snfsf/x? cfcfˆgf] ju{:jfy{ / ljrf/ eGbf u'6 ;~rflnt ePsf] w]/l} t/af6 / kIfw/tf cg'¿k ljleGg kf6L{df ljeflht u'gf;f] cfO /x]5 . o;nfO{ ;Rofpg] cfjZostf x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . /fd|f] ljrf/ / /fhgLt 7fGg' x'G5 ls x'Gg < cFufNg]n] ;a}eGbf pRr ljrf/sf] /fhgLlts — of] k|Zg ;do ;fGble{s 5 / o;nfO{ cln 3/ vf]Hg] s'/f :jfefljs x'G5 . o;f] x'g' kf6L{ lj:t[t ¿kdf JofVof ug'{ cfjZos 5 . ;fy} k/:ttfsf] Bf]ts xf]Og, a? qmflGtsf nflu ;a}eGbf klxn] o; k|Zgsf] cf;osf af/]df n]vssf] qmflGtsf/L k|lta4tf xf] . k|:6 x'g' cfjZos 5 . ædfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{ klxnf] s'/f M cfhsf] ;Gbe{df dfS;{jfbsf] s'/f zf:q / ;dfnf]rgfÚ eGg' eGbf ædfS;{jfbL ubf{ dfcf]jfb cufl8 cfpg' :jfefljs 5 . ;f}Gbo{ zf:qsf cfwf/df ul/g] ;dfnf]rgfx?Æ dfcf]jfb dfS;{jfbsf] ljsl;t / ;d[4 kIf eGbf ljifo cln k|:6 x'G5 eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . xf] . of] g} dfS;{jfbsf gfddf b]vf k/]sf To;}u/L ækf6L{ k/:t / ljrf/ eGbf u'6 yl/yl/ dfS;{jfbaf6 qmflGtsf/L dfS;{jfbnfO{ ;~rflnt ePsf]Æ eGg] egfOn] j}rfl/s 5'6o\ fpg] cfwf/ xf] . lj8Dagfsf] ljifo s] 5 JofVofsf] dfu u5{ . eg] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngleq klg ax'njfbsf] of] ;Gbe{ g]kfnsf …sDo'lg:6Ú kf6L{x?, ltgn] cEof; x'g yfn]sf] 5 / oxfF y'k}| …dfcf]jfbx?Ú af]ss ] f] qmflGt ;DawL j}rfl/s tyf /fhgLlts b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfb klg Jofkf/ ug]{ d"No dfGotf / To;} /fhgLltnfO{ ljleGg gofF wGwfdf kl/0ft x'g nfu] h:tf] ePsf] lsl;dn] ;xof] u k' ¥ ofO /x] s f n] v s 5 . lxhf] ;+ z f] w gjfb / qmflGtsf/L snfsf/x?l;t ;Da4 k|Zg xf] . g]kfndf dfS;{jfbnfO{ 5'6o\ fpg] cfwf/ dfcf]jfb lyof], sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ gfd /fv]/ /fhgLlt ul/ /x]sf ca l:ylt cs}{ ePsf] 5 . ca dfcf]jfbL sltkon] o;sf gfddf wGwf rnfO /x]sf eGb}df qmflGtsf/L ls6fg ug{ uf¥xf] k/]sf] 5g\ eGg] d]/f] 7x/ 5 . ltgsf] cf]td'lg /x]/ 5 . k/Dk/fut ;+zf]wgjfb t ;a}sf ;fd' k|ultzLn ;flxlTos cfGbf]ngsf gfddf v'nf 5 t/ cfhsf] ;+zf]wgjfb dfcf]jfbs} pkef]StfjfbL lrGtgsf] cEof; ub}{ ltgLx? em08f af]s/] lg:s]sf] 5 . o; cy{df ;xL / æpGgt eljiosf] lgdf{0fdfÆ cxf]/fq vl6 /x]sf unt lar lsQfsf6 x'g' :jfefljs 5 . o;f] 5g\ eGg] klg xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 . dfS;{jfbL ePkl5 n]vs, ;dfnf]rs / kf7s;d]t ;flxlTos cfGbf]ngleqsf] ;xL cy{df n]vg ljeflht x'g] s'/fnfO{ c:jfefljs dfGg' x'bF g} . / Jojxf/s} txdf alnbfgsf] ofqfdf 5 / sf] bf];f| ] s'/f M cfhsf] ;Gbe{df dfn]dfåf/f lgb]{lzt

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 100

k|1f–ultljlw

kf6L{ g} qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ xf] / gofF hgjfbL tndfly kg'n { fO{ …k/:tÚ sf] ;+1f lbg' j}1flgs qmflGt g} g]kfnL qmflGtsf] d"n lbzf xf] . of] x'bF g} . ;f}Gbo{ zf:qLo k|Zg 7\ofSs} /fhgLlts oyfy{nfO{ dfGg] dfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{ zf:qL tyf nfOg, gLlt lg0f{o tyf b}lgs sfo{gLlt h:tf] ;dfnf] r sx?n] o;} d" N ok| l t ;dlk{ t xf]Og tfklg qmflGtk|lt g} km/s ljrf/ ;|i6fx?nfO{ pT;flxt / k|f]T;flxt ug'{nfO{ /fVg]x?k|lt ;dfg Jojxf/ cfzf ug]{ s'/f kf6L{k/:t eGg' plrt x'bF g} , a? dfS;{jfbL j}rfl/s / Jofjxfl/s b'j} b[li6n] j:t';ª\ut d"Nok|lt k|lta4 eP/ ul/Psf] qmflGtsf/L x'g ;St}g . lrGtg eGg' pko'St x'G5 . o;sf ;fy} y'k}| rf}yf] s'/f M dfS;{jfbsf gfddf y/Ly/Lsf ;fOg o:tf n]vsx? x'G5g\, hf] vf;vf; ;d"xl;t af]8{ em'G8\ofPsf kf6L{x? afx]s u'6k/:ttfsf] cfa4 geP klg hgtfsf] d'lStsf] kIfdf x'G5g\, ;Gbe{ vf; kf6L{leq klg vf; u'6sf] s'/f xf] ;'Gb/ ;dfh lgdf{0fsf] kIfdf x'G5g\, pgLx?sf] eg] of] cln km/s s'/f xf] . of] s'/f ;To xf], n]vgsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf cfwf/df To:tfnfO{ k|To]s kf6L{leq b'O{ nfOg ;ª\3if{ x'G5 / klg dfS;{jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?n] dxTTj lbg' g] t fx?sf cf;] k f;] x' G 5g\ . ;fgf;fgf k5{, ;d]6g\ ' k5{ . k|lzlIft ub}{ cl3 a9fpg' /fhfdxf/fhf ToxfF klg x'G5g\ . cfcfˆgf k5{ .

5f]6fdf]6f :jfy{sf sf/0f ;dfnf]rs slj, t];|f] s'/f M ljrf/ lg/k]If x'Fb}g, of] Jojxf/af6 snfsf/, ;Dkfbs ;a} Ps Ps cf]6f u'6df c;+kS[ t klg x'bF g} . tkfO{s + f] p7a;, hLjg ljeflht x'G5g\ . d"n s'/f qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ Jojxf/ kf6L{ k|lta4tf h:tf s'/fx? Psflt/ /fVg], Odfgbf/ / ;zSt ;|i6fnfO{ pT;flxt / clg sljtf rflxF cfuf] cf]sNg] h:tf 5g\ eg] k|fT] ;flxt ug'{' k5{ . t/ dfS;{jfbsf gfddf ToxfF k|Zg p7\g' :jfefljs x'G5 . dfS;{jfbn] pd|s ] f ljiffn' emf/kftk|lt eg] lgd{d aGg} kg]{ tkfO{s + f] n]vg, k|lta4tf / hLjg Jojxf/ x'G5 . lar d]nsf] vf]hL u5{ . s'/f dfS;{jfbsf] ug],{ kfFrf}F s'/f M sDo'lg:6 gfd u/]sf kf6L{;Da4 n]vsLo Jojxf/df rflxF oyfl:yltjfbsf] kIfkf]if0f ug]{ ;+:yfx?l;t ;Da4 x'g] t/ p7a;, vfglkg n] v sx?nfO{ dfS;{ j fbL ;f} G bo{ zf:qn] ;/;ª\ut a'hj{' fx?l;t a9L ug]{ . Jofjxfl/s k|fT] ;flxt ub}g{ . o:tfnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug'{ eg]sf] / ;do ;'xfpFbf] dfS;{jfbL n]vs x'g unt ;xL / Odfgbf/ n]vsx?, ju{;ª\3if{df ljrf/ /fVg]x?l;t n;k; ug],{ lj/f]wL lsQfsf] xf]ldPsf k|lta4 n]vsx?dfly cGofo x'G5 . klg Kof/f] x'g vf]Hg] / k|rf/df cfpg h:tf];s ' } o; cy{df c¿sf] eGbf OR5's, k"0f{ lj/fd / sfo{ ug{ klg glxrlsrfpg], otf klg l7s / r'g' u?ªx?n] dxTTj kfpg' :jfefljs x'G5 . ptfaf6 klg kmfObf lng vf]Hg] k|jl[ Q 3fts o;f] ug'{ eg]sf] dfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{ zf:qsf] k|jl[ Q xf] . of] cj;/jfbL / /x:odo k|jl[ Q ;xL k|of]u xf] . hgo'4df xf]ldPsfn] dfq klg xf] . o:tf] k|jl[ QnfO{ n' :o'gn] ljiffn' xf]Og ¿k / ;f/ b'j} b[li6n] logsf sljtf emf/kft eGg' ePsf] lyof] . sltko Odfgbf/ pRr 5g\ eGg] s'/fdf klg xfdL k|:6 x'g' k5{ . / /fd|f ;|i6fx? k"jf{ux| sf sf/0f cf]em]ndf o;f] ug'n { fO{ kf6L{k/:t cyjf u'6k/:t eGg] k/]sf 5g\÷x'g ;S5g\, Totf Wofg lbg' cfjZos xf] eg] of] dfS;{jfbL a'emfO eGbf 6f9f x'G5 .

5, u'gf;f ;'Gg' cfjZos 5 . t/ bf]xf/f] ;fy;fy} csf]{ dxTTjk"0f{ s'/f s] xf] eg] hlt;'s} rl/q af]ss ] fx? eg] ljiffn' emf/kft g} x'g\ / o'4df xf]ldP klg /rgfdf Tof] bd 5}g eg] o:tf] k|j[lQnfO{ t pv]n]/ ˆofNg} g} xf] .

Ps bh{g sljtf ;ª\ux| lgsfn] klg, g]tfx?n] o:tfx?af6 cfpg] u'gf;fsf] cy{ 5}g . ;xL 6fpsfdf k' ¥ ofP klg To;sf] s' g } cy{ cy{ s f dfS;{ j fbL n] v sx?af6 cfpg] 5}g ÷x'Fb}g . To;}n] k|lta4tf / /rgfsf] u'gf;fk|lt uDeL/ x'g' cfjZos 5 . pTs[i6tfsf cfwf/df /rgfsf] d"Nofª\sg ubf{ ;To s] xf] eg] dfS;{ j fbsf gfddf

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 101

pkef]Stfjfbsf] cEof; ug]{x?af6 o:tf k|df];gsf nflu gDa/ a9fpg] x'6x'6Ldf ugug a9L ;'lgg] ul/G5 . ;fy} ;To s] klg ?dlnPsf] 5 . ltgdf kfxfkg kfOG5 . tL xf] eg] clxn] ahf/df htftt} dfS;{jfbsf …j}wflgs dfS;{jfbÚ sf] ;Ldfleq /x]/ …k|fl1s gfddf …gj dfS;{jfbÚ / …pTt/ dfS;{jfbÚ dfS;{jfbÚ sf] cEof; dfq ul/ /x]sf x'G5g\÷ cEof; ug]{ hfnLx? / vf]6f df]x/x?sf] huhuL 5g\ . ltgsf ;dfnf] r gfdf cf] h / / rsrsL 5 . To;}n] …k/:ttfÚ sf] s'/fnfO{ cfqmfdstfsf] cefj x' G 5 . / klg lg/k]Iftfdf xf]Og ;fk]Iftfdf x]gk{' 5{ . ;dfnf]rgfsf] If]qdf dfS;{jfbL lsQf Ot/ ^= tkfO{+ d"ntM ;dfnf]rs / cfVofgsf/sf ¿kdf lsQfeGbf lgs} alnof] / cufl8 5 . :yflkt x'g'x'G5 . oL b'O{ ljwfx?sf] jt{dfg hxfF;Dd cfVofgsf] s'/f 5, cfVofg clxn] cj:yfnfO{ s;/L x]g'{x'G5 < g]kfnL ;flxTodf ;a}eGbf nf]slk|o ljwf ag]sf] — g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ;du|tfdf ;f]Wg' ePsf] xf] 5 . o;df klg Pp6f lsQf /fd|f] n]Vg] eGbf cyjf dfS;{jfbL lsQfdf dfq eGg] s'/f k|:6 k|fof]lht k|rf/sf] ;xf/fdf xf]xNnf ug]{ 5}g tfklg d}n] o;nfO{ ;du|tfd} lnPsf] 5' . ahf/zf:qåf/f lgb]{lzt ePsf] af]w ug{ kl5Nnf] ;dodf uDeL/ n]vg kl5 k/]sf] / ;lsG5 . o;n] /fd|f /rgfx? cf]em]ndf k/]sf xf]xNnf n]vgsf] a9L rrf{ x'g yfn]sf] dx;'; / vf]6f df]x/x?n] ahf/ lgoGq0f ug{ nfu]sf] d}n] u/]sf] 5' . ;flxlTos /rgfx? em}F clxn] l:ylt 5 . ldl8ofsf] xf]xNnfdf /dfPsf] Ot/ uDeL/ ;dfnf]rgf klg ;ª\s6df kg{ yfn] lsQfsf] cfVofg n]vgn] x|f;f]Gd'v k|jl[ Qsf] h:tf] nfU5 . ;dfnf]rgf ahf? k':tsx?sf] Bf]tg ub{5 . gofF k':tf k|efjsfl/tfsf ;fy kl/ro n]vgdf ;Lldt ePsf] / :yflkt b]vf gkg'{ / cu|h k':tf klg /fhgLltsf ;dfnf]rsx?df ;dfnf]rgfk|lt ?lr sd x'g b}lgs ultljlwdf a9L ;lqmo b]lvg'n] cfVofg yfn]sf] h:tf] b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . /fd|f ;flxlTos n]vgdf dfS;{jfbL lsQfsf] l:ylt klg Tolt klqsfsf] cefjdf ahf/ cf]u6]sf s]xL b}lgs lrQ a'‰bf] 5}g . /fd|f] s[ltn] ;dfnf]rsnfO{ klqsfn] ;dfnf]rgfnfO{ …k':ts rrf{Ú / r'gf}tL lbG5 . ;dfnf]rsn] /fd|f] s[lt n]Vgsf …hd36 rrf{Ú sf] ahf/ zf:qdf kl/0ft u/]sfn] nflu ;|i6fnfO{ klg r'gf}tL lbG5 . s[ltn] uDeL/ ;dfnf]rgf / ;dfnf]rs b'jn } ] r'gf}tLsf] ;dfnf]rsx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug{ g;Sg' / ;fdgf ug'{ k/]sf] l:ylt 5 . gofF k':tfsf] ;dfnf]rsx?n] klg sltko s[ltsf] ;fdfgf cfudgsf b[li6n] x]g{] xf] eg] dfS;{jfbL lsQf ug{ g;Sg' clxn]sf] l:ylt xf] . of] cj:yfn] / Ot/ lsQf b'jd } f ;d:of b]lvPsf 5g\ . ;fKtflxs / b}lgs klqsfsf l6Kk0fLsf/ / Psflt/ gofF k|ltefsf] vf]hL / ljsf;df Tolt ufO8 n]vsx? …rlr{t ;dLIfsÚ aGg] / …tftf] Wofg k'¥ofpg g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ rrf{Úsf nflu ;dfnf]rsx? j]a;fO6lt/ a;fOF o'jf k|ltefx? ;dfh / ;flxTo b'js } f] uDeL/ ;/]/ x/fpg] vt/f x'G5 . j]a;fO6df ;flxlTos cWoogdf cfwfl/t eP/ n]Vg]lt/ eGbf h] ;dfrf/, k':ts ;dLIff / l6Kk0fLx?sf] r6s]kg ubf{ k};f cfpF5, …rrf{Ú df cfOG5, To;df b]Vbf crDd dfGg' kg]{ x'G5 . o;k|lt uDeL/ ;do / >dsf] nufgL ul/ /x]sf 5g\ . uDeL/ n]vg–lrGtgsf kIfw/x? uDeL/ aGg} kg]{ ;dfnf]rgf n]vgsfo{ eGbf ufO8 n]vg x'G5 . km:6fpg'sf] sf/0f klg oxL xf] . t'ngfTds &= s]xL ;do cl3b]lv g]kfnL ;flxTodf pTt/ b[li6n] Ot/ lsQfeGbf dfS;{jfbL lsQf cfw'lgstfjfbsf] ax; rln /x]sf] 5 . Pp6f ;dfnf]rgfsf If]qdf a9L k|efjsf/L 5 eG5' sf]0faf6 o;nfO{ x]g{] km/s b[li6sf]0fsf ;fy tfklg lrQ a'embf] l:ylt oxfF klg 5}g . tkfO{+ klg g]tT[ j txaf6} ax;df ;xefuL x'g' cfkm"nfO{ dfS;{jfbL eg]/ b]vfpg vf]Hg] 8fS6/, x' G 5 . clxn] g] k fnL ;flxTodf pTt/ k|fk] m]; ] / t y'k}| 5g\ t/ ltgsf] n]vg hflu/sf] cfw'lgstfjfbsf] k|efj s:tf] /x]sf] kfpg'

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 102

k|1f–ultljlw

—

x'G5 < s]xL ;do xf]Og, o;nfO{ s]xL jif{bl] v eGg' ;xL xf]nf . OGb|axfb'/ /fO{sf] …nLnf n]vgÚ sf] ;Gbe{nfO{ 5fl8 lbg] xf] eg] g]kfnL ;flxTodf pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbsf] k|j]z / To;lj?4sf] j}rfl/s ;ª\3if{sf] Oltxf; b'O{ bzs eGbf klg a9Lsf] x'G5 . ;dfhsf] ljsf;qmd ;Fu;Fu} ljZj ;flxTodf gofF jfb / ;dfnf]rgfTds k4ltx? b]vf kg'{ :jfefljs lyof] . dfS;{jfbsf] ljsf; ;Fu;Fu} o;sf lj?4 y/Ly/Lsf ;flxlTos l;4fGtx? klg b]vf kb}{ uP . j}1flgs dfGotfdf cfwfl/t ePsfn] dfS;{jfbsf lj?4 NofOPsf] ;dfnf]rgfTds lrGtg k4lt nfdf] cjlw;Dd k|lt/f]w ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf /x]g . dfS;{jfb lg/Gt/ ljsl;t / ;d[ 4 x' F b } cl3 a9\ o f] . t/ pTt/ cfw' l gstfjfb t' n gfTds ¿kdf nfdf] cjlw;Dd l6Sof] . o;sf k5fl8 y'k}| sf/0fx?

5g\, o;sf] ljz]iftfn] eGbf klg ljZj sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf cfPsf] ultdGbtf / s]xL dfqfdf wSsfn] klg o;df sfd u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfndf klg dfS;{jfb lj/f]wL cGo ;flxTo l;4fGt tyf ;dfnf]rgfTds k4ltsf t'ngfdf pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbn] a9L ;do cf]u6\of] . ljZj ;flxTodf ;g\ &) sf] cGTolt/ d"ntM *) sf] bzsdf b]vf k/]sf] pTt/ cfw'gstfjfbL xf]xNnf g]kfndf Ps bzskl5 b]vf k¥of] . o;n] t'?Gt} j}rfl/s ;ª\3if{sf] ;fdgf ug'{ g]kfnsf] ljlzi6 kIf /Xof] . o'/f]–cd]l/sfdf ca of] ;Gbe{ljxLg alg ;Sof] . o;sf] rrf{ ca Oltxf;sf] ;Gbe{df x'g yfn]sf] 5 . k|mfG;af6 p7fg eP/ cd]l/sfsf /fHofl>t ag] s f] …pTt/jfbLÚ cjwf/0ff / pTt/ cfw'lgsjfbL lrGtgsf sltko kfqx? o;sf] ;fGble{stf ;dfKt eof] eg]/ …gj Jojxf/jfbÚ nufot cfkm"nfO{ JoSt ug{ gofFgofF ¿ksf] vf]hLdf ef}tF fl/g yfn]sf] kfOG5 . h;n] o;sf] kIfdf a9L eGbf a9L ;do vr]s { f lyP, ltgLx? g} pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbsf] ldlt ;lsPsf] ts{ ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cy{ g jy{sf] l;4fGtdf cfkm" n ] nfdf] ;do latfPsf] d f pgLx?

kZrftfksf] l:yltdf k'us ] f 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf ¿kdf k|fWofks Oxfa x;gnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . kfZrfTo ;dfnf]rgf, To;df klg pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbsf af/]df /fd|f] 1fg /fVg]x?nfO{ yfxf ePs} s'/f xf] pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbsf d"n k|:tfjs hfF ˆofª\s Nof]tf8{sf] rlr{t egfO ædxfVofgsf] cGToÆ ;DaGwL egfO Nof]tf8{sf] klxnf] b:tfa]hdf xf]Og, pgn] Oxfa x;gnfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{df pNn]v 5 .

Nof]tf8{sf] ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfPsf] …k|ltj]bgÚ pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb ;DaGwL k|:tfjgf xf] eg] Oxfa x;gl;tsf] cGtjf{tf{ o;sf] JofVof xf] . sfo/f]df hGd]/ cd]l/sfsf ;d[l4 k|fKt ug] { k| f Wofks Oxfa x;g pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbsf ;a}eGbf klxnf kIfw/ / k|dv ' k|rff/s x'g\ . pg} Oxfa x;gn] ;g\ @))# ;Dd cfO k'Ubf …laof]G8 Soflk6lnHd M 6'cf8{;\ P]g P:y]l6s 6«:6Ú n]vdfkm{t o;k|lt jfSs eP/ æcfkm"n] t o;nfO{ d'l:snn] a'em]sf] c¿n] s;/L a'em] xf]nfg\Æ eg]/ n]v] . ;g\ @))( ;Dd cfO k'Ubf o;k|ltsf] pgsf] df]x ljt[i0ffdf km]l/Psf] kfOG5 . cd]l/sL Pp6f klqsfnfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{df pgn] JoSt u/]sf] egfO nfd} eP klg k|:t't ug'{ ;fGble{s x'G5 . d pTt/ cfw'lgstfaf6 lbSs eO ;s]sf] 5' . d}n] o;df nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd u/]F / Pp6} sfd bf]xf]¥ofO dfq /x]F / w]/h } ;f] n]vsx? oxL ul/ /x]sf 5g\ . o'jf cj:yfdf o;sf af/]df cWoog ug]{ s'/f pT;fxk|b g} lyof], xf]Og / < tkfO{n + ] pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb, pTt/– cfw'lgs l;4fGt / pTt/ cfw'lgs s[ltx?l;t la; jif{ latfpg' ePsf] 5 eg] kSs} klg tkfO{F s]xL gofF ug{ rfxg' x'G5 . bf];f| ] s'/f pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb dfG5]x?sf nflu Psbd} ;lhnf], of] s]6fs]6Lsf] v]n h:tf] /dfOnf] ePsf] 5 . cem dnfO{ eGg dg nfU5, of] Pp6f Vofn76\6f h:tf] ePsf] 5 . ;a}eGbf dxTTjk"0f{ s'/f s] xf] eg] d ;Tok|ltsf] wf/0ffnfO{ k"0f{ ¿kdf kl/Tofu ug]{ l:yltdf lyOg . dnfO{ nfU5 ;To Psbd} ;+lZni6 5,

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 103

dnfO{ nfU5, ;Toaf/] k|:6 ljrf/ /fVg', em"7 ;fnd} dfS;{jfb / pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb n]v/] o; lj?4sf j}rfl/s cleofg rnfPsf] lyPF . / ;Tosf larsf] e]b 5'6o\ fpg ;Sg' Psbd} lj:tf/} c¿ ;fyLx? klg o; cleofgdf dxTTjk"0f{ sfd xf] . ;To / lgi7fk|lt ;xL ;fd]n x'g' eof] . Tolta]/ ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lsf] wf/0ff agfpg' cfjZos 5 eGg] dnfO{ nfu]sf] klg cefj lyof] . kl5 d}n] pkGof;sf] ;f}Gbo{ 5 . cd]l/sL bfz{lgs ljlnod h]D; d]/f nflu zf:q -@)%^_ pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb / ;dsfnLg lgs} dxTTjk"0f{ eP lsgeg] pgL Jojxf/jfbsf oyfy{ -@)^#_ / ;"rgf e"d08nLs/0f / k|jt{s lyP . pgL sfG6 / x]un ] h:tf lyPgg\, ;f+:s[lts ;fd|fHojfb -@)^#_ df g]kfnL ;Gbe{ pgn] ;Tosf af/]df ljz]if To:tf] s]xL eg]gg\, klg hf]8/] o;sf] bfz{lgs, j}rfl/s / ;f}Gbo{ t/ pgnfO{ nfUof] dfG5]n] Pscsf{nfO{ ljZjf; zf:qLo lr/kmf/ u/]sf] lyPF . d}n] k|:6tfsf ug',{ Pscfk;df ;Tosf] lgdf{0f ug'{ dxTTjk"0f{ ;fy pTt/ cfw' l gstfjfbn] z" G ojfbsf] 5 . To;}n] d pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbkl5 oxL kIfkf]i] f0f u5{ / g]kfnL ;dfhsf nflu o;sf] lbzfdf hfg rfxG5' . #) jif{;Dd o;nfO{ sfFwdf af]s/] lxF8g\ ' / s'g} ;fGble{stf 5}g eg]/ lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] kl5 of] t s'xs ] f] nf; kf] /x]5 eg]/ ˆofNg' lyPF . ;doqmddf of] k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 .

Pp6f uhas} ;Gbe{ xf] . x;gsf] egfO pTt/ ca o;sf] k|efj ljZjljBfnosf df:6/x?sf] cfw'lgstfjfb e|d / xf]xNnf l;afo s]xL lyPg Snf;gf]6df dfq ;Lldt 5 . a? clxn] clxn] / xf]Og eGg] s'/fsf] bl/nf] k|df0f xf] . ca dfS;{jfbsf gfddf …pTt/–dfS;{jfbÚ sf] cfP/ pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfb pTt/ ag]sf] eGb} /fhgLlts tyf Jofjxfl/s cEof; h;/L x'g cldn lsa]x{ ?n] …pTt/–pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbÚ yfn]sf] 5, of] vt/fs k|jl[ Qsf] 5 . pTt/ (post-postmodernism) sf] gofF wf/0ff cl3 cfw'lgstfjfb dfS;{jfbsf] ;j/f]wdf ;f]em} ;f/]sf] s'/f klg oxfF :d/0fLo 5 . d'7e]8df cfPsf] lyof], …pTt/–dfS;{jfbÚ juL{o ljZj ;flxTodf ;g\ *) sf] bzsdf b]vf k|ZgnfO{ lgif]w ub}{ …nfnem08fsf] lj?4 nfn k/]sf] pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbL xf]xNnf g]kfndf em08fÚ sf] cjwf/0ffsf ;fy cfPsfn] ;xL Ps bzskl5 b]vf k¥of] . s]xL JolStx? cy{sf dfS;{jfbLx? o;k|lt uDeL/ aGg' dxfb]jn] ;tL b]jLsf] nf; af]s/] ef}tF fl/P emF} cfjZos 5 . pTt/ cfw'lgstfjfbnfO{ af]s/] otf / ptf *= ;flxTodf :t/ eg]sf] s] xf] < s] s] x'bF f ;flxTo ef}tF fl/P klg . k/Gt' Psflt/ g]kfnL ;dfhsf] :t/Lo x'G5 < ljlzi7 l:ylt, vf; u/]/ ju{ ;ª\3if{sf] tLj|tf, — :t/ eg]sf] ;f}Gbo{d"Nol;t hf]l8Psf] k|Zg o;sf nflu dnhn k|fKt ug]{ cj:yfsf] /x]g xf] . of] b]zsfn;fk]If x'G5 . of] ;dsfnLgtf eg] o;n] dfS;{jfbL ;dfnf]rsx?sf] j}rfl/s af]wl;t hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . n]vsLo ;f}Gbo{rt] gf k|ltikwf{ / k|lt/f]wsf] ;fdgf klg ug{ ;s]g . / kf7sLo ;f}Gboaf]wfTds Ifdtfåf/f g} Ps lx;fan] g]kfnL ;dfhdf of] g]kfnsf] :t/Lotfsf] lgwf{/0f x'G5 . oyfy{sf] Jofks af}l4s–;f+:s[lts ax;sf] ljifosf b[li6n] cfofd / o;n] lgdf{0f ug]{ sfnhoLkgl;t c;fGble{s alg ;s]sf] 5 . hfgsf/L lng] :t/Lotf ufFl;Psf] x'G5 . Ps sfnv08sf] ;DaGwdf kf7\oqmddf /flvP klg o;sf] :t/Lotfsf] dfkb08n] csf]{ sfnv08df sfd ;dfhlj/f]wL, oyfy{ / >dr]tgf lj/f]wL tyf glbg klg ;S5 . oyfy{tM s[ltsf] k|efjsf] ljv08g, ljefhg / z"GojfbL lrGtgsf sf/0f dfqf / ;f}Gbo{dN" osf] cfofdsf] kl/0ffddf g} g]kfnL ;dfh / ;flxTosf nflu pTt/ :t/Lotfsf] dfkg x'G5 . cfw'lgstfjfb cfd ?lrsf] ljifo /x]g . of] (= ;flxTodf ljrf/ / snfsf] ;+of]hgsf ;Gbe{df xf]xNnfd} cfof] / uof] . dfS;{jfbL ;flxTon] ljrf/nfO{ k|dv ' dfGg] u/]sf] cjZo klg xf], cfheGbf la; jif{ klxn] @)%@ xf] < xf]Og eg] s;/L <

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 104

k|1f–ultljlw

— of] klg lxhf]sf lbgb]lv g} p7fpg] ul/Psf] / dfS;{jfbLx?n] k|:6 kfb}{ cfPsf] ;Gbe{ xf] . vf; s'/f s] xf] eg] dfS;{jfbL n]vsx?n] /rgfdf p7fPsf] j}rfl/s kIfsf] j}rfl/s k|lt/f]w ug{ g;s]sf sf/0f lj/f]wLx?af6 o; lsl;dsf] cf/f]k nfUb} cfPsf] s'/fdf xfdL k|:6 x'g' cfjZos 5 . o;sf] k|ltjfb / k|lt/f]w ug{ pgLx?l;t j}1flgs ljrf/ klg 5}g / hgdt klg 5}g . dfS;{jfbL n]vgk|ltsf] pgLx?sf] c;lxi0f'tf o;}sf] kl/0ffd xf] . sltko ;Gbe{df j}rfl/s kIfdfly a9L hf]8 lbFbf / /rgf sf}zntfdf kof{Kt Wofg gk'¥ofpFbf /rgfsf] ;Dk|i] f0fLotf k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] x'g ;S5 . o;nfO{ ;fj{ef}d ¿kdf lng ldNb}g . dfS;{jfbL n]vg ljrf/ / snfsf] If]qdf slt k|efjzfnL / k|efjsf/L 5 eGg] s'/f ljZj ;flxTo / g]k] fnL ;flxTosf sljtf / cfVofgn] k|:6 kfl/ ;s]sf 5g\ . To;}n] of] af;L eO ;s]sf] ;Gbe{ xf] .

To;}u/L xfdL klg o;df s]xL cln e|ddf /x]sf 5f}F . s] s'/f ;xL xf] eg] x/]s /rgfsf] k|dv ' kIf To;df lglxt j}rfl/s kIf g} x'G5, h;nfO{ xfdL ;f/tTTj eg]/ a9L rrf{ ug]{u5f}F . ;f/tTTj ljgfsf] ¿k x'Fb}g . ;f/tTTjsf] ;DaGw To;n] 5f]8\g] j}rfl/s k|efjl;t x'G5 . of] xfd|f nflu klg / lj/f]wLx?sf nflu klg ;xL xf] . k|Zg, of] ljrf/ /rgfdf s;/L cfpF5 eGg] dfq xf] . dfS;{jfbsf lj/f]wLx? klg cfˆgf] lrGtgnfO{ s;/L k|efjzfnL ¿kdf k|:t't ug]{ eGg]df x' G 5g\ , o;sf nflu pgLx? ;+ / rgfut t8se8s klg u5{g\ . pgLx?sf] unt ljrf/ hlt k|efjsf/L sf}zntfsf ;fy k|:t't x'G5, Tolt xfd|f nflu xflgsf/s x'G5 . o; cy{df ljrf/nfO{ dxTTj lbg] s'/f dfS;{jfbLx?n] dfq u5{g\ eg] s'/f ;xL xf]Og . w]/} pbfx/0f gvf]h/] hh{ cj]n { sf] n]vgnfO{ lnFbf dfq klg of] s'/f k|:6 x'G5 . l;sf? n]vssf] s'/f dfq geP/ lzNksf}zntfdf kof{Kt Wofg gk'¥ofpFbf cg'ejL n]vssf] n]vgdf klg ;Dk|i] f0f kIf sdhf]/ ePsf] x'g;S5 . t/ ;}4flGts txd}

dfS;{jfbLx?n] n]vgdf ljrf/nfO{ lg/k]If ¿kdf dxTTj lbG5g\ eGg] s'/f unt xf] . xfdLn] xfd|f /rgfnfO{ hlt k|efjsf/L agfpF5f},F plt pgLx? nflu of] gf/fjfbL nfU5 . lsgeg] o;n] pgLx?nfO{ emg\ a9L kf]N5 . sljtfsf] If]qdf ljDa g} ag]sf kfl/hftsf] d[To', …OR5'sÚ sf] aGbL / rGb|flu/L clg k"0f{ lj/fdsf] sfnhoL sljtf …g]kfnsf] u'lDkmt :j/Æ dfS;{jfbsf lj/f]wLx?sf nflu gf/fjfbL nfUg;S5 . t/ …g]kfnsf] u'lDkmt :j/Æ h:tf] k|efjsf/L sljtf sd} dfq n]lvG5 . !)= ¿k / ;f/sf ;Gbe{df s] eGg' x'G5 < ;f/ kIf g} alnof] x'Fbf /rgf /fd|f] x'g] xf] < — o;af/] s]xL s'/f dfly g} cfO ;s]sf 5g\ . of] s'/f ;To xf] ;f/ kIf g} x/]s /rgfsf] k|wfg kIf xf], t/ of] lg/k]Iftfdf x'gx' bF' g} . pRr ljrf/ hlt k|efjsf/L lzNksf}zntfn] el/Psf] x'G5, /rgfsf] ;Dk|i] f0f kIf klg Tolt g} ;'Gb/ x'G5 . ;f/ h:t} ¿k klg ;du|tfd} cleJoSt x'G5 . dfS;{jfbLx?n] ljrf/nfO{ dxTTj lbG5g\, ;f/ / ¿kdf d]n vf]H5g\ eg]sf] ;f/ / ¿ksf] %)÷%) sf] d]n eg]sf] xf]Og, g t of] ^) ÷$) sf] ;+of]hg g} eg]sf] xf] . oL b'O{ cnu klg x'g\ / cGt/;DalGwt klg . /rgf t ;du|tfdf d"lt{st[ x'G5 . ¿ksf] h:t} ljrf/sf] klg ;+/rgf x'G5 . ¿k lgdf{0fdf lzNksf}zntf, z}nL ljljwtf / k|of]uzLntfsf] ld>0f ug{ ;lsG5 / ljrf/ ;+/rgfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg o;f] ug'{ cfjZos klg x'G5 . h'g;'s} ljrf/sf] lsg gxf];,\ x/]s /rgfn] s] / s;/L eGg]df cfkm"nfO{ ljeflht u5{ . s[ltsf] k|efjsfl/tfdf n]vssf] ljZj b[li6sf]0f, ljifo j:t'sf] cGj]if0f, ;fdu| L k| l t p;sf] ;DaGwsf] ulx/fO / lzNksf}zntfsf] cxd\ e"ldsf /xG5 . !!= cfVofg ;flxTodf tkfO{+ cfkm"nfO{ c¿ eGbf sxf“ / s;/L km/s kfpg'x'G5 < — d cfVofg ;flxTodf cfkm"nfO{ c¿ eGbf sxfF / s;/L km/s 5' eg]/ cfkmFn } ] eGg' eGbf kf7s / ;dfnf]rsx?n] eGg' /fd|f] x'G5 . ufpFsf] syf eG5' x} t sf] ;Gbe{df PskN6

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 105

kfl/hft lbbLn] eGg' ePsf] M ætkfO{s + f syf k9\b} hfFbf klxn] b|ljt eOG5, clg ljb|fx] hfU5Æ eGg] egfO :d/0fLo 5 / d]/f kl5Nnf syfx?nfO{ 8f= bof/fd >]i7n] eGg' ePsf] æClif/fh a/fn åGåsf nf]sufos x'gÆ\ eGg] egfO klg Wofg lbgnfos 5 . ;To xf], d c¿ eGbf cln km/s b]lvg rfxG5' . d cfˆgf] kl/ro cfkm}F lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5' . d ljifo j:t'sf] cGj]if0fdf Wofg lbG5' / cg' e " t oyfy{ d f hf] 8 lbG5' . dfS;{jfbLx?n] k|of]usf nflu k|of]u ug'{ x'bF g} / k|of]ujfbdf kmF:g' x'bF g} t/ gjLg lzNk k|ljlw / k|of]uzLntf cFufNg' k5{ . g]kfnL pTkLl8t hgtfn] cfˆgf] d'lStsf nflu n8]sf] n8fOFl;t ;Da4 oyfy{sf gjLg kf6f / kIfnfO{ s;/L a9L k|efjsf/L ¿kdf k|:t't ug]{ eGg] d]/f] WofpGgf x'G5 . o;sf nflu z}nL ljljwtf / lzNksf}zntfsf] klg cfjZostf k5{ eGg]tkm{ klg d ;f]Rt5' . ;fob, oxL g} c¿eGbf dnfO{ km/s t'Nofpg] kIf xf]nf eGg] nfU5 . !@= cfˆgf] ;flxlTos ofqfnfO{ cfkm}Fn] s;/L d"Nofª\sg ug'{ ePsf] 5 < — qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ /fv]/ j}rfl/s ;ª\3if{df nfUg] cfd n]vs eGbf km/s 5}g d]/f] ;flxlTos ofqf . lj/f]wLx?l;t dfq geP/ cfˆg} lsQfl;t klg ;do ;dodf n8fOF n8\g' k/]sfn] of] ofqfn] dnfO{ cg'ejsf b[li6n] ;d[4 agfPsf] 5 / j}rfl/s kIfdf b[9 . Pp6f s'/f d k|:6tfsf ;fy eG5' M d]/f] cfbz{ n]vs uf]sL{ eGbf c:qf]j:sL x'g\ . d}n] pgLaf6 w]/} pmhf{ / pTk|/] 0ff kfPsf] 5' . lj/f]wLx?l;t eGbf …cfkmGtx?Ú l;t n8\g] s'/f lgs} k]lrnf], hl6n / sltko ;Gbe{df kL8fbfoL klg x'bF f] /x]5 . o;n] dnfO{ O:kfltnf] agfPsf] 5 . o;n] dnfO{ cfTd;ª\3if{sf nflu pmhf{ klg lbPsf] 5 . h:tf];s ' } cfFwLx'/L rn] klg ;lt;fn dfq l7ª\u pleg ;S5 . oyfy{ oxL g} xf] . !#= lxhf]sf] åGåo'St ;donfO{ clxn]sf] kl/l:yltaf6 s;/L :d/0f ug'{ x'G5 < — lxhf]sf] åGå eg]/ tkfO{n F ] bz a;]{ hgo'4nfO{ eGg' ePsf] xf]nf eGg] nfU5 . Tof] åGå dfq lyPg . Tof] dxfg\ hgo'4 lyof] . cfˆgf] d'lStsf

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 106

k|1f–ultljlw

nflu g]kfnL hgtfn] n8]sf] dxfg\ n8fOF lyof] Tof] . To;nfO{ ;LldtLs/0f / Go"gLs/0f ug'{ x'bF g} . ;dfhdf ju{lje]b / cfly{s–/fhgLlts cGtlj{/f]w /x'Gh]n tkfO{n + ] eGg' ePsf] åGå /lx /xG5 . åGå dfG5]leq klg x'G5 ;dfhleq klg . Tof] slxn] s'g ¿kdf b]lvG5 / slxn] s'g ¿kdf . bz a;]{ hgo'4 ;fdfGo åGå dfq lyPg, Tof] Tofu, jlnbfg / ;f}os { f] Pp6f dxfufyf lyof] . To;sf] d"No t ;a} s'/f 5f8]/ To;df xf]ldg]nfO{ dfq yfxf x'G5 .

To; dxfcleofgsf] l;kfxL x'g kfpFbf cfkm"nfO{ ulj{nf] dx;'; u5'{ . of] clxn] klg leGg :j¿k / rl/qsf ;fy lg/Gt/tfdf 5 / d o;sf] l;kfxLsf ¿kdf lg/Gt/ lqmofzLn 5' / eO /xg] 5' eGg] s'/f klg d oxfF k|:6 kfg{ rfxG5' . ;fy} clxn] tL k|flKtx?sf] h;/L lj;h{g ul/of] / To;sf sltko gfosx?df h]h:tf] ljrng b]lvof], o;n] dnfO{ kL8f klg lbG5 . t/ d dfS;{jfbL x',F cFWof/f]leq klg pHofnf] b]Vg] . To;}n] d qmflGtsf/L cfzfjfbsf ;fy o'4df]rf{d} 5' . !$= tkfO{+ cfˆgf] n]vgk|lt ;Gt'i6 x'g'x'G5 < — o;sf] pTt/ k|Zg g+=@ df cfO ;s]sf] 5 . d}n] sljtf, syf, ;dfnf]rgf n]vF] / clxn] lgaGw klg n]lv /x]sf] 5' . t/ d cfVofgsf/ / ;dfnf]rssf ¿kdf g} a9L kl/lrt 5' . ;dfnf]rs eGbf cfkm"nfO{ cfVofgsf/ eg]/ ;Daf]wg u/]sf] dg k5{ . kl5Nnf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbL /fhgLltleqsf] hf]8 36fpdf a9L ;do vlr{Psfn] cfVofg n]vgsf nflu d}n] hlt ;do lbg' kb{Yof], vf; u/]/ pkGof; n]vgsf nflu hlt lqmofzLntf b]vfpg' kb{Yof], Tof] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . h] n]vs ] f] 5', To;k|lt ;Gt'i6 5' t/ hlt n]Vg' kg]{ lyof], h] n]Vg' kg]{ lyof], To;f] ug{ g;s]sf]df rflxF ;Gt'i6 5}g . !%= cfkm" s'g If]qdf sdhf]/ ePsf] h:tf] nfU5 < — cfd dfG5]df b]lvg] dfgjLo sdhf]/L dleq klg 5g\÷xf]nfg\ . t/ cfˆg} ljz]iftfsf ;fy kl/lrt x'g dg ug],{ k/}af6 lrlgg rfxg] Pp6f leGg} dfG5] klg 5 dleq . of] aflx/af6 b]lvg] …dÚ eGbf alnof] 5 . dfS;{jfbL ;|i6f /

ljrf/sf] n8fOFsf] Pp6f l;kfxLsf gftfn] ddf d"ntM ltg cf]6f sdhf]/L 5g\ M != unt ljrf/l;t ;Demf}tf gug',{ @= ;b}j cfbz{df ;f]Rg' / #= unt -km/s klg_ ljrf/ /fVg]x?k|lt c;lxFi0f' aGg' . lgrf]8df eGbf cfqmfdstf g} d]/f] …sdhf]/Ú kIf xf] . !^= ;flxTodf cem ug{ af“sL of]hgfx? slt 5g\ < — 5g\, y'k}| 5g\ . of]hgfx? ;lsPkl5 t hLjg klg ;lsG5 . To;kl5 t l;h{gzLntf klg ;lsG5 . o;} xf]Og / < !&= ;flxTodf gjLgtfsf] k|of]u cfjZos 5 ls 5} g < — 5 . t/ of] k|of]u s]sf nflu eGg] s'/fdf rflxF k|:6 x'g' k5{ . ;do / b]zsfn kl/l:ylt cg';f/ ;f}Gbo{ cfjZostf / rfxgf / ;f}Gbo{ ¿lrdf klg km]/abn x'G5 / ;don] gjLgtfsf] dfu u5{ . lj/f]wLx? k'/fgf / af;L dfnnfO{ hnk nufP/ gofF x'gs ' f] e|d lbG5g\ . rfn' 6«8] dfs{ / nf]uf]sf] k|of]u u/]/ ahf/sf] lasfp dfn agfP/ pgLx? kf7sx?nfO{ 7Ug] ub{5g\ . oyfy{tM pgLx? r6s b]vfO /x]sf x'G5g\ . xfdLn] ;xL cy{d} gofFsf] cGj]if0f ug'{ k5{ / gjLgtfsf] k|of]u ug'{ k5{ . / klg of] k|of]u cGtj{:t'sf] k|efjsfl/tfsf nflu x'g' k5{ . of] k|of]u ;Dk|i] f0f kIfsf] afws aGg' x'bF g} . vf; s'/f s] xf] eg] dfS;{jfb h:tf] k|ultsf] ;Dafxs / l;h{gzLntf / cGj]if0fsf kIfw/x?n] :6]l/of] 6fOksf] n]vgdf cl8g] s'/} x'bF g} . xfdL ljrf/df dfq xf]Og, lzNksf}zntfdf klg cAan bhf{sf 5f}F eg]/ b]vfpg' kg]{ x'G5 . hxfF;Dd d]/f] s'/f 5 d ljrf/sf] s]Gb|Lotfdf gjLg k|of]unfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug'{ k5{ eG5' . pbfx/0f ¿kdf d d]/f syf …asL{ gDa/ !#(((Ú nfO{ lng rfxG5' .

!*= tkfO{+sf] ljrf/df syf s] xf] < — syfsf ;Gbe{df d nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf] egfOl;t ;xdt 5' . syf hLjgsf] vf; 36gfljz]ifl;t ;Da4 oyfy{sf] snfTds k|ltljDag xf] . !(= tkfO{+ syf / pkGof; b'j} If]qdf l;4x:t ;flxTosf/ x'g' x'G5 . tkfO{+sf] k|fyldstf syf ls pkGof; xf] < — b'j} x'g\ . dfgj hLjg / ;ª\3if{sf] cleJolStsf b[li6n] pkGof; lgs} k|efjsf/L ljwf ePsfn] d]/f] n]vgdf of] k|fyldstfdf gkg]{ s'/f ePg . t/ clxn];Ddsf] l:ylt x]bf{ d]/f] k|fyldstfdf syf k/]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . @)= tkfO{n + fO{ ;a}eGbf dg kg]{ cfˆgf] kl5Nnf] /rgf s'g xf] < — dnfO{ d]/f] kl5Nnf] syf ;ª\ux| asL{ gDa/ !#((( df ;ª\ul| xt syf …cnadÚ otf n]vs ] f /rgfx?dWo] ;a}eGbf dg kg]{ /rgf xf] . @!= cGTodf < — clxn] rf/}lt/ vf]6f df]x/x? / r6s]x?sf] laulauL 5 . dfS;{n] 8]9;o aif{cl3 eGg' eP em}F n]vg / n]vs ;a} ahf/sf dfn aGg yfn]sf 5g\ . pkef]Stfjfb xfaL 5 . s[ltsf] u'0faQf ahf/zf:qaf6 lgwf{l/t x'g yfn]sf] 5 / uDeL/ n]vgn] y/Ly/Lsf r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug'{ k/]sf] 5 . o; lsl;dsf] l:yltdf cfGtl/s tyf afx\o ;a} lsl;dsf ljs[lt / ljrngsf lj?4 n8\g ;fd"lxstf / of]hgfa4tfsf] cfjZostf 5 / of] sfd qmflGtsf/L dfS;{jfbsf] hudf pleP/ dfq ;DkGg ug{ ;lsG5 . o;k|lt uDeL/ x'g d /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / pTkLl8t ju{sf] kIfdf snd rnfO /x]sf ;|i6f tyf ;dfnf]rx?nfO{ cg'/f]w ub{5' . ;

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 107

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ljZj ;flxTo÷;|i6f

xfd|f k"jh { M xfd|f cfwf/ :tDex? 6f]gL df]l/;g …====d}n] pkGof; n]Vbf xf];\ jf c¿ g} s]xL n]Vbf, d}n] u/]sf x/]sf lqmofsnfksf] ;DaGw ufpF, ;dfh jf tkfO{;+ uF /x]g eg], d]/f] sfo{sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g . d d]/f] sNkgfzLntfsf] s'g} lghL k|of]udf ljZjf; /flVbgF . o;sf] cy{ xf], s'g} klg n]vg sfo{leq cfˆgf] clwsf/ k|flKtsf] ceLi6 lglxt x'G5=====Ú ;fj{hlgs / lghL lqmofsnfksf lar ;b}j Pp6f åGå ljBdfg /x]sf] x'G5 / dnfO{ nfU5, Tof] åGå ;w}F åGå g} ag]/ /lx /xg' k5{ . of] ;d:of eg] xf]Og t/ kmut Ps åGå xf] . ;fj{hlgs / lghL eGg' g} hLjgsf b'O{ cfofd x'g,\ hf] Pscsf{nfO{ lgif]w jf alxis[t u/]/ g} cl:tTjdf /xG5g\ . of] åGå, ljutdf eGbf klg cfhsf] ;dodf a9L d'vl/t x'g' h?/L 5, sf/0f, o; ;do o; b]zdf -cd]l/sf_ ;fdflhs pks/0fx?n] oL b'O{ k|sf/sf hLjgx?sf lar s'g} klg k|sf/sf] ;dtfnfO{ ljsl;t x'g] cg'dlt lbFbg} g\ . d h]km/;{g -jf, x'g ;S5 c¿ g} sf]xL_ sf] syfaf6 k|efljt 5', hf] /fi6«kltsf] ;ky u|x0fkl5 PSn} 3/ kms{G5 . Pp6f ;do /x]sf] x'g ;S5, h'g a]nf Pp6f snfsf/ s'g} Ps ;d'bfosf] k|ltlglw, jf ;d'bfoleqsf] ;b:o /x]sf] x'G5 / pSt snfsf/;Fu pSt ;d'bfosf] hftLo ;+jb] gzLntf / Ps lghL cleJolSt klg cIf'00f /x]sf] x'G5 . ljutdf To:tf :yfgx? lyP, hxfF Pp6f JolSt s'g} Ps ;d'bfo ljz]ifsf] k|;ª\udf pSt ;d'bfosf] ;b:osf] ¿kdf k|lji6 x'g ;SYof] / To;} cg'¿ksf] Jojxf/ ug{ ;SYof] . o; oyfy{sf] Pp6f ;fgf] cjz]if tkfO{+ sfnf hfltx?sf luhf{3/df b]Vg ;Sg' x'G5 hxfF dflg;x? s/fO /x]sf x'G5g\ . of] cfkm"n] ljZjf; u/]sf dflg;x?sf lar JoSt ul/g] s'g} ulx/f] kL8fsf] cfjfh jf JolStut cleJolSt xf] . cfˆg} ;d'bfosf] kl/j]zdf ul/g] ePsf] x'bF f pSt Jojxf/ ;'/lIft klg

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 108

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/xG5 . s/fO /x]sf] dflg;n] lgtfGt cfTdut cleJolStnfO{ phfu/ ul/ /xFbf cGo dflg;x? o;}sf] ;d'bfosf ePsf x'bF f p;sf] ;'/Iff ug]{ Wo]on] sfd ul/ /x]sf x'G5g\ . o; cy{df, lghL / ;fj{hlgs b'a} sfo{x? Ps} rf]l6 eO /x]sf x'G5g\ . Pp6fnfO{ csf]d{ f ¿kfGt/0f ug{ eg] ;Dej 5}g . To;}n,] d h] u5',{ Tof] :ki6 5, ;f] s] eg], d cfkm}n F fO{ ;s];Dd lghL :t/d} /fVb5', of] rfv rfNbf] -nfUbf]<_ eP/ xf]Og t/ of] lghL /xg' g} o;sf] ljz]if dxQf xf] .

To;kl5 d h] ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf u5',{ To;nfO{ uDeL/tfsf ;fy ug{ ;lsG5 . sfnf hfltsf cd] l /sL cyf{ t clk| m sL cd]l/sLsf] ;flxTodf cfTdk/s z}nL k'/fgf] xf], sf/0f o;} z}nLn] Pp6f n]vsnfO{ cfˆgf] hftsf] k|ltlglw aGg] ;'ljwf lbG5, / n]vsn] eGg ;S5, …d]/f] PSnf], PsfsL / lghL hLjg d]/f] ;d'bfosf] hLjg h:t} 5 . PSnf] x'g' / lghL x'gs ' f s]xL cfofddf dfq km/s xf]nf, t/ oL cfofdx?n] g} dnfO{ o; hLjgnfO{ ;Gt'lnt t'Nofpg db\bt ul/ /x]sf x'G5g\ .Ú ;dsfnLg cfTdsyf hf] xf], Tof] …d}n] s;/L ;d:oaf6 d'lSt kfPF, dnfO{ x]/, d ltdLx?nfO{ Tof] b]vfO lbG5'Ú eGg] cfzosf] n]vfO g} xf] . of] dnfO{ nfU5, s]xL s]xL sfnf hfltsf n]vsx?sf snfTds cleJolSt / k|efjsf nflu lgs} gf]S;fgbfoL s'/f klg xf] . …pkGof;Ú elgg] gfd k|ljlws gfds/0fsf] ¿kdf lgs} pkof]uL klg x'g ;S5 lsgls d syf eGbf cln nfdf] nfUg] uB n]Vb5' . d]/f] a'emfOdf pkGof; Tof] xf], h;n] ;w}F d}n] n]Vg] u/]sf hflt jf ju{sf nflu sfd ub{5 . pkGof;sf] Oltxf; ta ;'? eof], ha o;nfO{ k9\g] Pp6f ju{ -dWod ju{_ sf] pbo eof] . of] pgLx?sf] cfjZostfsf] snf

ljwf lyof] . lgDg ju{nfO{ Tof] a]nf pkGof;sf] cfjZostf lyPg, sf/0f ltgLx?;Fu cGo ljwfsf snf ljBdfg lyP, h:tf] ls uLt, g[To, kj{, ukmufkm / dxf]T;jx? . ;De|fGt ju{nfO{ klg pkGof; rflxFbg} Yof] lsgls pgLx?n] k|fof]hg ug]{ u/]sf snf ljwf pgLx?;Fu ljBdfg lyP . pgLx? cfcfˆg} lrqx? agfpg nufpg ;Sy], cfcfˆg} 3/ lgdf{0f u/fpg ;Sy] . To;}n] pgLx?n] of] ;'lglZrt u/] ls pgLx?sf lk|o snf ljwfx? cGo ;+;f/sf] oyfy{;uF k[ys\ al; /x] . t/ ha cf}Bf]lus qmflGt ;'? eof], Pp6f o:tf] ju{sf] pbo eof] h;df g dhb'/ lyP g t pBf]uklt . w]/} xb;Dd pgLx?;Fu cfˆg} s'g} snf ljwf lyPg h;n] o; ablnPsf] kl/l:yltdf s;/L Jojxf/ ug]{ eGg] s'/fsf] lbzf lgb]z { pgLx?nfO{ u/f];\ . To;}n] pgLx?n] To; ljwfnfO{ hGd lbP, h;nfO{ xfdL Jofjxfl/s pkGof; eGb5f}F / of] o:tf] ljwf aGof] h;n] oL ju{sf dflg;x?nfO{ pgLx?n] yfxf gkfPsf] s]xL s'/f l;sfpg] bfaL u¥of] . cyf{t\ o;n] ;+;f/df s;/L Jojxf/ ug],{ s;/L /fd|f / g/fd|f dflg;x? 5'6o\ fpg], s;/L ljjfx ug],{ /fd|f] s;/L afFRg], cfˆgf] ju{sf] ;ª\utaf6 aflx/ /xFbf s] x'G5 eGg] h:tf s'/f l;sfpg] cleef/f lnof] . To;}n,] k|f/lDes sfndf n]lvPsf, ;]Do'n l/rf8{;gsf] kfd]nf h:tf pkGof; / h]g c:6]gn] n]vs ] f pkGof;x?n] ;fdflhs lgodsf s'/f u/], Jojxf/sf] JofVof u/], u}/ sfg'gLx?sf] klxrfg u/] / dflg;x? tyf ;fdflhs :jLs[lt kfpg' kg]{ pgLx?sf cfgLafgL / /Llt l/jfhx?sf] klxrfg u/] . o; cy{df tL pkGof;x? lgb]z { gfTds lyP . o;} sf/0f klg ls;fg ;+:s[ltdf pkGof;sf] cefjnfO{ dx;'; ul/Pg . pgLx?nfO{ o;sf] cfjZost} k/]g, sf/0f pgLx? cfˆgf] bfloTj s] xf], ;d:of sxfF 5 / /fd|f] s'/f sxfF 5 eGg] s'/fdf :ki6 lyP . t/ ha ls;fg ju{, tNnf] ju{ jf tkfO+s { f] ;dfhdf ePsf] s'g} csf]{ ju{n] dWod ju{, ;x/ / pkNnf] ju{sf] ;fdgf ug'{ kg]{ v08 cfpF5 To; ju{df clnslt vnan cjZo} k}bf x'G5 . w]/} nfdf] ;do;Dd o:tf] l:yltaf6 sfnf hfltnfO{ arfO /fVg] ljwf eg]sf] ;ª\uLt lyof] . t/ Tof] ;ª\uLt cfh xfd|f] lgtfGt lghL /x]g . o;dfly xfd|f] dfq} cflwkTo 5}g cfh . c¿x? klg o;nfO{

ufpF5g\ / d~rg u5{g\ . of] hxfFsf] klg ;dsfnLg ;ª\uLtsf] Ps lx:;f aGg k'us ] f] 5 . To;}n] cfh csf]{ s'g} ljwfsf] cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf] 5 / dnfO{ nfU5, clk| m sL cd] l /sLx?nfO{ o; cfjZostfsf] k"lt{sf nflu cfh ljutdf slxNo} dx;' ; gul/Psf] cg' k ftdf pkGof;sf] cfjZostfsf] af]w eO /x]sf] 5 / cGoq h:t} o; hfltsf] xsdf klg pkGof; To;} lbzfdf sfo{ ul/ /x]sf] b]lvFb5 } . xfdL cfh tL 7fpFx?df a:b}gf},F hxfF xfd|f k|frLg syfx? elgG5g\ . afa' cfdfx?

5f]/f 5f]/Lx?sf jl/kl/ a;]/ tL zf:qLo, ldysLo cb\o¿kL syfx? eGb}gg\ . s'g} g s'g} dfWodn] gofF ;"rgfx? ;Dk|l] ift x'g' h?/L 5 g} / o;sf w]/} dfWodx? x'g ;S5g\ . / pkGof; tL dfWodx? dWo] Ps xf] . d 7fG5', pkGof; s]xL alnof ;fdflhs k|of]hgx? l;4 ug{ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 / d}n] dfly pNn]v u/]sf] Ps xf] . pkGof; ;'Gb/ x'g' k5{, zlStzfnL x'g' k5{ t/ o;n] cfkm}F s'g} sfo{ ug]{ eg] xf]Og . o;leq lglxt o:tf] s'g} tTTj x'g' k5{ h;n] bLlIft u/f];,\ o:tf] s]xL, h;n] b}nf] vf]ln lbcf];\ / af6f] b]vfO lbcf];\ . o;n] Oª\l ut u/f];\ ls ;dfhdf JofKt åGåx? s] s] x'g\ / ;d:of s] s] x'g\ . t/ o;n] tL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] k|of; gu/f];,\ sf/0f of] s'g} ;d:ofsf] cWoog xf]Og . of] s'g} l/sfkL klg xf]Og . d d]/f pkGof;df lgof]lht ¿kdf kfP;Dd sfnf hfltsf] snf cyf{t\ An]s cf6{sf] d"n k|jl[ Q;Fu k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf ;DalGwt s'/fnfO{ ;d]6g\ ] sf]l;; ug]{ u5'{ . o;dWo] Ps xf], d'lb|t;Fu} sYo ;flxTo x'g ;Sg] Ifdtf M oL b'a} kIfsf] ld>0f, tf ls pSt pkGof; zfGt ¿kdf klg k9\g ;lsof];\ t/ kf7sn] o;nfO{ ;'Gg klg ;sf];\ . o;n] lgof]lht ¿kdf tkfO{nfO{ h'?Ss p7fpg / ulx/f] ¿ksf] s]xL s'/fsf] cg'el" t ug{ k|of; u/f];,\ h;/L sfnf hfltsf] s'g} ;Gtn] cfˆgf >f]tfx?nfO{ klg af]Ng nufpF5g\, cfˆgf] k|jrgdf ;fy lbg nufpF5g\, lglZrt tl/sfn] sfd ug{} l;sfpF5g\, p7\g nufpF5g\ / ?g / s/fpg nufpF5g\, dgfpF5g\, kl/jt{g ug{ nufpF5g\ / ;+zf]w] g u/fpF5g\ . cyf{t\, pgsf] pkb]znfO{ lj:tfl/t u/fpF5g\, s'g} ufossf] ufogdf >f]tf klg ldl;Pkl5 pSt ;ª\uLt cem lj:tfl/t eP h:t} . lstfasf]

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 109

xsdf, hf] aGb /xG5, o; k|sf/sf] s'g} ;DaGw :yflkt ug{' dxTTjk"0f{ 5 . lstfa;Fu, hxfF s]jn cIf/ / ltgLx?sf] pRrf/0f dfq} afFsL /xG5g\, o; k|sf/sf] 7fpF pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ x'G5 hxfF cfP/ kf7s klg ;l/s x'g ;s'g\ . sf/0f, lstfasf] xsdf klg d"ne"t ¿kdf dxTTjk"0f{ eg]sf] snfsf/ cyf{t lstfasf] k|dv ' jStf / p;sf kf7sx? larsf] k|efjzfnL / ;xeflutfd"ns ;DaGw g} xf], h:tf] dfly pNn]v ul/Psf cGo ljwfsf] xsdf ;Dej 5 . s'g} klg syf sYo h:tf], ;nn aUg], ;xh / df} l vs b] l vgsf nflu / kf7sn] To; syfjfrsnfO{ gb]v] klg To;sf] cfzonfO{ cg'et" ug{,' p;sf cfjfh / 9S9SofO ;'Gg' / n]vs;Fu kf7sn] klg pSt k':tssf] ljsf;df of]ubfg ug{' lgs} dxTTjsf] s'/f xf] . o; k|lqmofdf h] 5f]l8of], Tof] ;dflji6 ePsf] efuhlQs} dxTTjk"0f{ x'G5 . pbfx/0fdf nflu s'g} of}ghGo b[Zosf] lrq0f hf] laeT; gxf];\ jf v'Nndv'Nnf klg gxf];\ t/ kf7sn] cfˆg} n}lª\us Jojxf/sf] ;fk]Iftfdf To;nfO{ JolStut ¿kd} cg'et" u/f];\ / u|x0f klg u/f];\ . ;+jfb klg o;/L agf];,\ h;nfO{ ;'Gg ;lsof];\ . o;sf nflu …;f/f]Ú …dw'/ kf/fn]Ú jf …lgs} cfklQhgs tl/sfn]Ú eGg] h:tf lqmof ljz]if0fsf] k|of]u ul/ /xg' gk/f];\ . of] cfklQ pSt jfSoleq} lglxt cj:yfdf /xf];\ / cg'el" t ul/of];\ . cf}krfl/s ¿kdf a? ;d"x uLt cyf{t sf]/;sf] k|of]u ul/of];\ . o;sf nflu ufog ;d"xsf] ;fFlRrs}sf] pkl:ylt /xf];\ . eGg'sf] tfTko{ pkGof; cufl8 al9 /xFbf ;d'bfo jf kf7s cfkm}F pkl:yt /x]/} ul/g] pSt pkGof;leqsf] 36gf qmddflysf] l6Kk0fL klg b]lvof];,\ ;'lgof];\ . d}n] n]vs ] f lstfax?df sf]/; kl/jt{g ePsf 5g\ t/ sf]/;n] ufpg] uLt ;b}j ljBdfg 5g\ . of] b An'P:6 cfOsf] …dÚ kfq xf];\ of ;'nfdf kfqsf] ¿kdf pkl:yt …;x/Ú xf];\ jf ;f]nf]dgdf ;x/sf b'O{ efu ag]/ pkl:yt …l5d]sÚ / …;d'bfoÚ x'g\ . cem pu| ¿kdf egf}F eg], ;Dk"0f{ cg'el" t g} To:tf] kfq xf] hf] tf/ a]aL leqsf 36gf qmdsf af/]df ;f]lr /x]sf] x'G5, cg'et" ul/ /x]sf] x'G5, x]l/ /x]sf] x'G5 / k|ltlqmof JoSt ul/ /x]sf] x'G5 tf ls x/]s cg'el" t ToxfF ljBdfg xf];\ M h:tf] ls ?vnfO{ rf]6

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k|1f–ultljlw

nfU5, df5f 8/fpF5g\, afbnx? ph'/L u5{g,\ / dfx'/Lx?lar xfxfsf/ dlRrG5 . oL tL tl/sf x'g,\ h;sf] dfWodaf6 pkGof; elgg] To; kf/Dkl/s ljwfdf d u}/cf}kGofl;s dflgPsf oL tTTjx?nfO{ k|lji6 u/fpg] ub{5' / d 7fGb5', oL k|jl[ Qx? sfnf hftsf x'g\ lsgls logLx? Zofdsnfsf k|jl[ Q x'g\ . d of] elg /x]sf] 5}g ls o:tf pks/0fx? o;cl3 jf cGoq k|of]u ul/Psf 5}gg\ t/ d s'g k|of]hgsf nflu ltgLx?sf] k|of]u u5',{ d Tof] elg /x]sf] 5' . d d}n] hfg];Dd ;a}eGbf s'zn tl/sfn] ltgLx?nfO{ k|of]u ug]{ k|of;df /xG5' . d}n] dfly pNn]v u/]sf t s]xL pbfx/0f dfq} x'g\ . ;dfnf]rgfdf o:tf s'/fsf] klg rrf{ ul/g] s'g} ljlw eO lbP x'GYof] eGg] d ;f]Rb5' . d]/f pkGof;dfly ul/Psf s]xL ;dfnf]rgfk|lt /x]sf] d]/f] ljdlt eg] o; s'/fsf] :jLs[lt xf];\ eGg] d]/f] cfzo;Fu ;DalGwt 5}gg\ . o;sf] ;DaGw d}n] oxfF p7fPsf] ljifosf nflu k|of]u ul/Psf zAbfjnLx?;Fu 5 . d d]/f lstfanfO{ v/fa eg]/ tNofOsf] jf /fd|f] eg]/ k|z; + f ul/Psf] x]g{ rfxGgF . olb Tof] lt/isf/ jf tfl/km oL pkGof;sf] w/ftn eGbf cGo k[i7e"ldaf6 cf/f]lkt ul/Psf xf]pmg\ . d h'g ;+:s[ltleq a;]/ n]V5', To;}sf dfGotfx?sf cfwf/df d]/f pkGof; :jLs[t jf lt/:s[t x'bF f dnfO{ Tof] d"Nofª\sg a9L :jLsfo{ x'g] 5 . d]/f nflu Zofd ;flxTo s]jn sfnf hfltsf n]vsn] n]vs ] f] ;flxTo jf sfnf hfltsf dfG5]sf af/]df n]lvPsf] ;flxTo jf egf},F sfnf hfltn] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] efiffsf] k|of]u u/]/ n]lvPsf] ;flxTo dfq} xf]Og . Zofd ;flxTo;Fu cfˆg} s]xL ljlzi6 k|jl[ Q 5g\ / d]/f] n]vgsf] sf]l;; eg]s} ToxL b]Vg sl7g t/ :ki6 z}nLsf] cfljisf/sf] sf]l;; xf] . d Tof] a]nf cfgGb ljef]/ x'G5', ha dnfO{ nfU5 d pSt z}nLsf] glhs 5' . t/ ha dnfO{ nfU5, d ToxfF k'Ug ;ls /x]sf] 5}g, d cToGt b'lvt x'g] ub{5' . t/ d]/f] cg'ejdf d o;sf] glhs k'us ] f If0fx? 5g\ . tL w]/} cj:yfx?df d To; glhs k'us ] f] 5', ha d}n] ;xL lbzfdf n]vF] . ;f]ª ckm ;f]nf]dgdf o;sf] a9L k|of]u ePsf] 5, o;sf] cfwfe"t ;+/rgfs} sf/0f / Psdfly csf]{ xfjL x'g

glbO{ cflbef}lts tTTj / ;+f;fl/s oyfy{nfO{ ldl>t ¿kdf k| o f] u u/] s f] 5' . of] sfnf hfltsf dflg;x?sf] ljZjb[li6sf] kl/rfos xf], pgLx?sf] a|Xdf08 lj1fg xf] . xfdL lgs} Jofjxfl/s hftsf dfG5] xf} F / lgs} s' z fu| klg 5f} F t/ o; Jofjxfl/stfsf] kl/lwleq xfdLn] …cGwljZjf;Ú / …hfb'Ú nfO{ klg :jLsf/ u/]sf 5f},F h'g j:t'nfO{ x]g{] csf]{ b[li6ljGb' klg xf] . oL b'O{ ljZjf;nfO{ Ps} 7fpF pEofpgfn] a'emfOnfO{ v'DRofpg] xf]Og cem lj:tfl/t ul/ lbG5 . o; cGtu{tsf sltko s'/fx? …cglws[t 1fgÚ x'g,\ h;sf xsbf/ sfnf hfltsf dfG5]x? x'g\ . cglws[t lsg x'g\ eGbf sfnf dfG5]sf] ;Dk"0f{ hft} cglws[t ul/Psf] x'bF f pgLx?;Fu /x]sf] s'g} klg 1fg cglws[t x'g] g} eof] . csf]{ s'/f, ;dfhdf ljsf;sf] af6f] psfnf] r9\g' eg]s} o; k|sf/sf] 1fgaf6 hlt l;lsG5 6f9f /xg' g} xf] eGg] e|d klg ljBdfg 5 . t/ d]/f] n]vgdf To; k|sf/sf] 1fgsf] lgs} alnof] pkl:ylt 5 . csf]{ s'g} k|Zgsf] ;Gbe{df d}n] n]vgsf] pb\bZ] osf] af/]df n]vs ] f] lyPF / clk|msL cd]l/sLx?sf] n]vgsf s]xL cfwf/e"t k|jl[ Qx?sf af/]df klg eg]sf] lyP, h;dWo] Ps xf], o;sf] sYo :j¿k / csf]{ cfVofgsf] ljsf;leq} kf7s / ufog ;d"x -sf]/;_ sf] ;xeflutf . o; k|Zgdf d}n] yKg rfx]sf] csf]{ Ps dfq s'/f xf], cfVofgdf s'g} k"jh { sf] pkl:ylt . sfnf hfltsf n]vsn] Ps hgf k"jh { sf] pkl:yltdf s] s;/L sfd u5{, To;sf] d"Nofª\sg ug'{ d]/f nflu Pp6f lgs} rf;f]sf] ljifo xf] . pbfx/0fsf nflu /fNkm Pln;gsf] cfVofgdf xh'/afsf] pkl:ylt, 6f]gL s]8 afa{/sf] cfVofgdf xh'/cfdfsf] pkl:ylt jf afDa/f jf x]g/L 8'df;sf] cfVofgdf s'g} a}Bsf] pkl:ylt . pgLx?sf] cfVofgdf ;w}F s'g} g s'g} cu|hsf] pkl:ylt x'g] ub{5 . oL cu|hx? kmut a'af cfdf xf]Ogg\Ù pgLx? ;doftLt dfG5] x'g,\ h;sf] cfVofgsf kfq;Fusf] ;DaGw bofjfg\, pkb]zs / ;+/Ifs JolStTjsf] 5 / pgLx? Ps k|sf/sf] 1fg k|bfg ul/ /x]sf x'G5g\ . sfnf hfltsf] n]vsn] pSt pkl:yltnfO{ s;/L lnG5, d]/f nflu Tof] rf;f]sf] ljifo xf] . l/r8{ /fO6 h:tf sf]xL sf]xLsf nflu tL cu|hsf] pkl:ylt Pp6f ;d:ofsf] ljifo /Xof] . h]D;

aflN8\jg h:tf s]xLsf nflu To:tf k"j{hsf] pkl:ylt jf cg'kl:yltn] kfqnfO{ ls+st{Joljd"9 jf czfGt t'NofPsf] 5 . ;dsfnLg cfVofgdf dnfO{ s]n] rlst t'NofPsf] 5 eg] cfVofgsf] 36gf ;x/df 36f];\ ls ufpFdf, kfqsf] ;kmntf jf v';L eg]sf] To:tf cu|hsf] pkl:yltn] g} lgwf{/0f ub{5 . o:tf k"jh { sf] cg'kl:ylt ePs} sf/0f kfq c;kmn x'g] ub{5 . of] cTof;k"0f{ x'g] ub{5 / o;n] ;Dk"0f{ cfVofgd} 7'nf] Iflt / lj;ª\ult pTkGg ul/ lbG5 . d"n wf/sf Zj]t pkGof;df h:tf] o; l:yltdf ;'Gb/ k|sl[ tsf] lrGtgaf6 zflGt cfpFbg} , g t cfpF5 ;x/nfO{ afFRgsf nflu Pp6f e|i6 7fpFsf] ¿kdf cf}FNofPkl5 . kfq xfn]{ddf xf];\ jf csf{G;f;df of] s'/f nfu' x'G5 ls cfVofgdf of] ;doftLt tTTj /x]s} x'G5— s'g} cu|h kfq, h;n] Tof] sfnftLt oyfy{sf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5 . sfnf hfltsf] jf clk|msL—cd]l/sLx?sf] snfdf nfUb5, o;sf] cljl5Gg k|jfxsf] of] Pp6f cfwf/e"t k|jl[ Q xf], h;/L d}n] cufl8 pNn]v u/]sf cGo k|jl[ Qx? x'g\ M snfsf/n] kf7saf6 efj's / ;+ju] k"0f{ k|ltlqmofsf ;fy} s'g} af}l4stfk"0f{ k|ltlqmofsf nflu lgof]lht k|of; u/] h:tf] . h'g kf7ssf nflu snfsf/n] cfjfh lbPsf] x'G5, tL kf7sn] To; snfsf/k|lt ug]{ Jojxf/ klg rfvnfUbf] ljifo xf] . o;sf] cy{ xf], ha oL kf7sx?sf] lardf n]vs pkl:yt x'G5 / p;n] af]Ng] cfjfh s'g} 5'66\ } dfG5]sf] ljl5Gg -ljlR5Gg<<<_ cfOef]/L 6fj/ h:tf] k[ys\ cfjfh geP/ pgLx?s} larsf] s'g} kl/lrt JolStsf] cfjfh xf];— \ cfVofg leqsf] s'g} nfIfl0fs …xfdLÚ . snfsf/nfO{ s'g} ljlzi6 JolStsf] ¿kdf x] g ] { dfG5] x ? / ;dfnf]rsx?sf nflu of] 6fpsf] b'vfOsf] ljifo x'g ;St5 . of] lrGtfsf] ljifo o; sf/0f ls, snfsf/nfO{ o:tf] dxfdfgjsf] ¿kdf x]g{] rng 5—cfˆg} ;dfh;Fu ;w}F åGåsf] l:yltdf /xg] . ;flxTo h'g k|sf/n] JofVoflot ePsf] 5, To;df tkfO{+ of] k|jl[ Q b]Vg ;Sg' x'G5 . To; ufpFn] ;'nfsf] kfng kf]if0f u¥of] jf u/]g, Tof] tkfO{+sf] cfˆgf] b[li6ljGb'df e/ kb{5 . ufpFn] ;'nfnfO{ Wj:t kf¥of] eg]/ JofVof ug]{ dflg;x? klg d}n] e]6s ] f] 5' . d]/f] lghL egfO rflxF s] 5 eg] Tof] ufpFdf afx]s ;'nf

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cGo st} klg afFRg ;Sg] lyOg . cGo s'g} klg 7fpFn] pgnfO{ Wj:t kfl/ lbg] lyof] . pm, s]jn To; kl/j]zdf dfq} cfkm" eP/ afFFRg ;SyL . ToxfF s;}n] pgLdfly 9'ªu\ f xfg]g jf df/]g jf ufpF lgsfnf u/]g . o; b[li6ljGb'af6 o; syfnfO{ gx]g{] xf] eg] o;df s;n] lhTof] eg]/ 7Dofpg klg uf¥xf] kg]{ 5 . ha gfos cfˆg} ;d"xdf cfˆg} ;d'bfodf kms{G5, s]xL Zj]t ;dfnf]rsx? o;sf] xf/ ePsf] 7fGb5g\ clg s]xL p;sf] lht 7fGb5g\ / o;}df To; n]vgsf] pb\bZ] o s] lyof] eGg] s'/fnfO{ u|x0f ug]{ s'/fsf] dtleGgtf b]lvG5 . ;f]ª\ ckm ;f]nf]df]gdf lkn]6 To:t} cu|h kfq x'g\ . To; 3/df /x]sf ltg gf/LdWo]sL sfG5L, xfu/;Fu /x]sf] ;d:of eg]s} tL cu|hsf] ;fdLKo eGbf pgL slt 6f9f l5g\ eGg] s'/f xf] . lkn]6n] Ps bh{ghlt jif{ b'O{ k'?if kfq -pgsf a'jf / pgsf efO_ ;Fusf] lgs6:y / k|d] k"0f{ ;fdLKodf latfPsL x'g\ \ / Tof] ;fdLKo / ;xof]un] pgnfO{ lgs} sd{7 / dfofn' agfof] lsgeg] pgL;Fu oL s'/fsf] cg'ej /Xof] . pgsL 5f]/L /]af;Fu o:tf] cg'ej vf;} /x]g, / k'?ifx?;Fusf] ;DaGw klg lgs} lkmtnf] dfq} /Xof] . pgsL 5f]/Lsf] t afnv cj:yfb]lv} g} k'?ifx?;Fu lgs6tf /x]g . h;sf sf/0f ;do;Fu} oL cg'ejx? lvOFb} uP lsgls pgsf] ;DaGw ;~hfndf k'?ifx?sf] x]/rfx k|fKt ePg . t/ lkn]6 oL cg'ejsL r/d;Ldf x'g\ M gf/L x'gs ' f] ;'Gb/td cg'ej / k'?if x'gs ' f] klg ;'Gb/td cg'ejsf] . olb ;+jb] gzLn kf/fn] o; ;Gt'ngnfO{ sfod /flvPg eg] o;nfO{ dxTTj lbOPg eg] jf o;nfO{ km}nfOPg eg] of] eTsg klg ;St5 . eljiodf Pp6L dlxnfn] csL{ dlxnfdf dlxnfs} dfq u'0f k|Tof/f]lkt gu¿g\ eGg] lbzfdf xfdL ;b}j ;r]t x'g' k5{ . tkfO{n + fO{ yfx} 5, k'?ifx? g} k|fylds e"ldsfdf x'G5g\ eg]/ pgLx?nfO{ w]/} dxTTj lbg] sltko dflg;x? klg 5g\ t/ ;To s] xf] eg] xfdL olb xfd|f k"jh { x?;Fusf] ;Dks{df /x]gf}F eg] xfdL x/fpg] 5f}F .

eGg'sf] tfTko{ of] xf] ls of] xfd|f] st{Jo xf] . ha tkfO{+ k"jh { sf] xTof ug'{ x'G5, tkfO{+ cfˆg} xTof ug'{ x'G5 . k"0f{ ¿kdf cfTdlge{/x?sf] hLjgdf ;w}F /fd|} dfq 36gf 36\bg} g\, olb pgLx?;Fu Oltxf;;Fusf] s'g} ;r]ttfk"0f{ ;DaGw 5}g eGg] vt/fnfO{ d ;ª\st] ug{ rfxG5' . dnfO{ sfnf dlxnfsf] ljlzi6 ;dfnf]rsLo k4lt lgdf{0f ug'{ k5{ eGg] af/]df Tolt w]/} s]xL eGg' 5}g . o; afx]s ls To;df enf] eGbf s'enf] a9L 5 lsgls cfˆgf] kl/lwaf6 k'?ifnfO{ aflx/ /fVg] s'g} klg ;dfnf]rgf k4ltdf Tolt g} hf]lvd 5, hlt dlxnfnfO{ aflx/ /fVg] k4ltdf 5 . ;dfnf]rsx?sf nflu k4ltsf s]xL ljlzi6 pkfb]otfx? x'G5g\ . pgLx? oL k4lt / ltgLx?sf ljsf; qmdsf af/]df s'/f ug{ ?rfpF5g\ / To;}n] pgLx?sf nflu ltgLx?sf] dxTTj xf]nf t/ d eG5', pgLx?s} nflu klg To;df s]xL g s]xL hf]lvd eg] sfod} 5 . d}n] pkGof; n]Vbf xf];\ jf c¿ g} s]xL n]Vbf d}n] u/]sf x/]s lqmofsnfksf] ;DaGw ufpF, ;dfh jf tkfO+; { uF /x]g eg] d]/f] sfo{sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g . d d]/f] sNkgfzLntfsf] s'g} lghL k|of]udf ljZjf; /flVbgF . o;sf] cy{ xf], s'g} klg sfo{leq cfˆgf] clwsf/ k|flKtsf] ceLi6 lglxt x'G5 . o;;Fu Tof] s'/f cfˆgf] d"n ceLi6sf] ¿kdf ljBdfg /xg' g} kb{5 . x'g t ;dfnf]rgfsf] j[Qdf cfhef]ln of] Pp6f pkfnDesf] ljifo xf] ls olb s'g} snfs[lt;Fu /fhg}lts k|of]hg 5g\ eg] Tof] ;d:ofk"0f{ 5 . t/ d]/f] ;f]rfO o;sf] l7s ljk/Lt 5 M olb snfs[lt;Fu s'g} /fhg}lts k|of]hg 5}g eg] Tof] ;d:ofk"0f{ 5 . ;d:of Tof] a]nf cfpF5 ha s'g} nfdf] / efj'stfk"0f{ efif0f snfsf] ¿kdf JofVoflot / lj:tfl/t x'G5 . dnfO{ t nfU5, >]i7td l;h{gf /fhg}lts x'G5 clg tkfO+; { uF o;nfO{ csf6\o ¿kdf /fhg}lts / ce"tk"j{ ¿kdf ;'Gb/ agfpg] Ifdtf /xg' kb{5 . ;

-d]/L OefG;n] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] An]s ljd]g /fO6;{ -!(%)–!(*)_ M P lqml6sn Oefn'P;g zLif{ssf] lstfasf nflu 6f]gL df]l/;gn] n]vs ] f] æ?6]8g]; M b PlG;:6/ Ph kmfpG8];gÆ zLif{ssf] n]vnfO{ dx]z kf}8o\ fnn] cg'jfb ug'{ ePsf] xf] ._

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xhf{gf la= z"ldg …lxF8g\ ; ' cfdf . dnfO{ s]xL lg rflxFbg} .Ú cfˆgf] cf}sft eGbf k/sf rLhaLhdf cfFvf gnufpg] ;+:sf/ ul/aLn] xfdLnfO{ ;fg}b]lv g} l;sfPsf] lyof] . t/ klg olt a]nf udL{sf lbgx?df ;Fufn]sf] k};fn] hf8f] ofddf pmg lsGg k'us ] L lyPF . k;ndf clt ;'Gb/ v]nf}gfx? ;hfP/ /flvPsf lyP ls sf]xL klg glslgsg kmls{g ;St}gYof] . tL cfsif{s ;'Gb/ v]nf}gfx? lsg]/ km'lt{ b]vfpg] x}l;ot klg xfd|f] lyPg– of] s'/fsf] dd{ rflxF d]/f] bz jif{sf] 5f]/f]n] a'‰g ;St}gYof] . d rfxGgyF,] bz jif{sf] pd]/df g} p;nfO{ k};fsf] ¿k /ªaf/] hfgsf/L xf];\ / ;fy} xfd|f] cf}sftsf] klg . d rfxGgy]–F xfd|f] ;Ldfsf] 3]/fsf] oyfy{tfaf6 kl/lrt eP/ p;sf] afNosfn df}gtfdf latf];,\ p;sf] lgbf{l] iftf k|Zg agf];–\ d p;nfO{ of] dfofjL ;+;f/af6 aflx/ lgsfNg rfxGyF] . dnfO{ p;sf cfFvfx? cfˆgf xTs]nfn] 5f]kL lbg dg nfUof] clg p;sf] xft a]:;/L ;dft]/ k;n aflx/ n}hfg dg klg nfUof] . d;Fu p;nfO{ eGg] s'/f s]xL lyPg t/ d p;n] af]ns ] f] ;'Gg rfxGyF–] …lxF8g\ ; ' cfdf . dnfO{ s]xL klg rflxFbg} . /f]af] klg rflxFbg} .Ú /f]af] cyf{t gofF lkF9Lsf] gofF ;'k/ lx/f] . d /f]af]nfO{ slQ klg dg k/fpFlbgyF] t/ d]/f] 5f]/f] /f]af] eg] kl5 x'?Ss} x'GYof] . hab]lv p;n] afNofj:yfdf kfOnf 6]Sof]– p;n] l6eL, v]n, ;kgf / k;nx?df /f]af] dfq b]Vg yfNof] . o;}n] d ;KtfxGtdf ;dfrf/ klg ;'Gg ;lSbgy]F . /f]af] b]v]/ s]6fs]6Lx?sf] sNkgfdf KjfFv knfpF5g\ . ;nxsf] ayfgn] afnLgfnL ;vfk kf/] em}F kl/jf/sf] cfDbfgL logs} sf/0fn] :jfxf x'g] u5{ / log} sf/0fn] d /f]af]nfO{ 3[0ff uy{] / d d]/f] 5f]/f]nfO{ a]ˆjfFsdf k};f vr{ u/L v';L x'g] afgL gk/f];\ eGg] rfxGy]F .

hLjgsf] nfdf] ofqfdf cg]sf}F b'Mv ;f:tL em]ln ;s]sL d}n] olt v]/ cfkm"nfO{ olt ljjfbu|:t cj:yfdf slxNo} kfPsL lyOgF t/ d]/f] 5f]/f] ==== . ?vsf] xfFufemF} p7]sf] p;sf] d'G6f], sfpG6/ clu cl8Psf p;sf kfOnfx? / /f]af]df s]lGb|t p;sf cfFvfx? ====== . d]/f] x[bo cfF;'n] ljXjn lyof] . d rflxF d]/f cefju|:t cj:yfb]lv cEo:t eO ;s]sL lyPF t/ d]/f] 5f]/f] t ev{/} hLjgsf v'8l\ snfx?df kfOnf 6]Sb} lyof] . d]/f] hLjgsf] Pp6f oyfy{ – of] 5f]/f] hlGdPb]lv g} l;/]6f]n] d s7\ofªlu|g] u/]sL 5' . t/ klg d}n] 6f]kLsf] cfjZostfnfO{ kjf{x gu/L pxL k'/fgf] :sfkm{n] sfd rnfpFb} cfPsL 5' h;nfO{ nufpFbf d s'v/' LemF} b]lvG5' . o;kflnsf] d'6' g} 5]8g\ ] :ofF7n] ubf{ d}n] Pp6f 6f]kL / :sfkm{ a'Gg] OR5f u/]sL 5' / oxL OR5f k'/f ug{sf nflu vr{sf] hf]xf] klg u/]sL 5' . d]/f >Ldfgn] cem;Dd klg r'/f]6sf] nt 5f]8g\ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . xfdL b'jn } ] k};f hf]ufpg] c¿ pkfox? ckgfPsf 5fF} . vfg]s/' fsf] ;DaGwdf df+;fxf/sf] ;6\6f zfsfxf/ ef]hg u/]/ k};f art ug{ klg yfn]sf 5f}F . d ;f]Ry]F, o;/L art u/]/ 5f]/f]sf] Wofg 3/sf] kl/l:yltk|lt hfg] 5}g . / hxfF;Dd d]/f] nflu 6f]kL / :sfkm{sf] s'/f] 5, d x/]s jif{ em}F of] jif{ klg gnufOsg a:g ;S5' . d}n] art u/]sf] k};faf6 5f]/f]sf] v';Lsf nflu 7'nf] g ;xL ;fgf] /f]af] t cjZo g} lsGg ;S5' . d]/f] >Ldfg ;w}F dnfO{ ;DemfO /xg' x'G5, …x]/, xfd|f] kl/jf/ Pp6f lgnf] sn/jfnf -dhb'/_ kl/jf/ xf] h;n] 7'nf a8f;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sb}g . d ;f]Ry],F wgLdfgL dfG5]x? xfd|f] af/]df s] egL rrf{ u5{g\ < d]/f] ddtfsf] lv;L u5{g\ jf d]/f] efj'stfk|lt xfF:g] u5{g\ < 7'nf a8f wgLdfgL dfG5]x?sf] t'ngfdf

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 113

xfd|f] cj:yf olt bogLo klg 5}g ls xfd|f] 5f]/f] /f]af] v]Ngaf6} al~rt xf];\ . lgs} a]/b]lv d cfˆgf] ljrf/df 8'la /x]sL lyPF . cs:dft\ 9f]sflt/ kfOnf ;fb{} d]/f] 5f]/f]n] eGof], …hfpmF cfdf .Ú 3/ hfpmF . oL ljb]zL v]nf}gf xfd|f] b]zsf] ;Dklt n'6g\ / xfdLnfO{ u'nfd agfpgsf nflu x'g\ – of] s'/f d}n] st} klqsfdf k9]sf] lyPF . dnfO{ oL v]nf}gf rflxFbg} , cfdf .Ú To; a]nf d 3/df x'bF L xF' t kl;gfn] leh]sf] p;sf] lgwf/df DjfFO vfP/ p;nfO{ cfˆgf] c+ufnf]df afFlw ;s]sL x'Gy]F . ;f+;fl/s s'/faf6 cgle1 d]/f] 5f]/f]n] s;/L k|f9} emF} s'/f ug{ yfln ;s]sf] lyof] .

To; If0f d}n] dx;'; u/]F ls ljBfnosf] of] cfbz{ 5fqsf] t'ngfdf xfd|f] cfbz{ slt vf]qmf] 5 . d}n] cfˆgf] xftdf p;sf] xftsf] lyrfO{ cg'ej u/]F . pm hlt ;Sbf] rfF8f] Tof] k;naf6 aflx/ lg:sg rfxGYof] . ;fob p;nfO{ 8/ lyof] ls ToxfF cem a9L ;do a;]sf] v08df v]nf}gfk|ltsf] p;sf] df]x k|jn ¿kdf hfUg] ;Defjgf x'g ;S5 . p;n] cfˆgf kfOnf cl3 ;fb{} clGtd k6s v]nf}gflt/ gh/ nufof] . p;n] tL v]nf}gfnfO{ cfˆgf cfFvfdf s}b u/]/ cfk"m;Fu n}hfg rfx] em}F u¥of] . Tof] If0f d dfly h] 3l6 /x]sf] lyof]– tL ofjt ljrf/k|lt ;f]r ljrf/} gu/L v]nf}gf lslg lbg] d]/f] OR5fn] s;nfO{ kmfObf k'Ug hfGYof]– ljb]zLnfO{ jf xªsªnfO{ < h] xf];,\ cflv/ oL ;Dk"0f{ cGt/åGåsf] afjh'b d}n] 5f]/f]sf nflu Pp6f ;fgf] /f]af] lsgL g} 5f8]F . of] /f]af] d]/f] 5f]/fsf] ;dembf/Lsf] Ogfd / ;fy} xfd|f] dfofsf] ;fIfL lyof] . cd]l/sL 6«8] dfs{ cª\lst /f]af];uF pm w]/} a]/ Psf]xf]/f] ¿kn] a]ns ' L /ft gk?Gh]n;Dd v]ln g} /x]sf] lyof] . xftdf lk:6f]n lnPsf] Tof] /f]af] s'g} gt{se}mF pk|m/] , kN6]/ xft v'§f grfpFb} ufO /x]sf] lyof] M psfnf] cf]/fnf] af6f] d]/f] kmnfd] OR5fx? :jtGqtfsf] ;kgf a'Gb} ====== ;To, k|lt1f ===== d xF' of]4f, d g} x'F of]4f . d]/f] >Ldfgsf] a8\a8fpg] qmd hf/L g} lyof] . ptf 3/el/ g} xNnf ul/ /x]sf] /f]af]n] rflxF dnfO{

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 114

k|1f–ultljlw

:ofaf;L lbO /x]sf] lyof] . Ps rf]l6df d}n] w]/} yf]s kfO ;s]sL lyPF– 5f]/fsf] d'xf/df 5fPsf] v';LofnL, cfˆgf] ddtfsf] ;Gt'li6 / k|ultsf] Ps kfONff .

6fpsf] / ub{g b'MvfO d}n] la;]/{ k"0f{ ¿kdf ;Gt'i6 klg k|fKt ul/ ;s]sL lyPF– ef]ln ha p;n] hLjgdf ;kmntf k|fKt ug{5 ] , p;n] cfˆgf] cfTdsyfdf n]Vg] 5}g– afNosfndf d v]nf}gf;Fu v]Ng g;sL ltgnfO{ 6'n6' n ' ' dfq x]l/ a:y]F lsgls xfd|f] kl/jf/sf] v]nf}gf lsGg ;Sg] x}l;ot lyPg . x'g ;S5 pm 7'nf] dfG5] aGg'sf] ;f6f] Pp6f ;fdfGo lgnf] sn/fjfnf dhb'/ aGg k'uf];\ t/ b'j} l:yltdf p;n] cfˆgf] afNosfnnfO{ b'Mvdo cj:yfsf] ¿kdf ;Demf];\ eGg] d rfxGgy]F . d of] s'/fn] eolet lyPF, /f]af]n] p;nfO{ p;sf] nIo eGbf 6f9f k'¥ofpg] t xf]Og . d}n] lbgx'F p;sf] emf]nfsf] lg/LIf0f ug{ yfln ;s]sL lyPF . d 9'Ss ePF, /f]af];Fu v]Ng'eGbf cl3sf lbgx?df h;/L pm cfˆgf] k9fOdf Wofg lbGYof] To;/L g} p clxn] klg k9fOdf Wofg lbO /x]sf] lyof] . lr;f] a9]sf] lyof] . 5f]6f lbgx? kQ} gkfO laTy] / nfdf /ftx? l56f] kg]{ uy]{ . >Ldfgn] r'/f]6 lkpg 5fl8 ;s]sf lyP t/ klg d pgnfO{ eGg] uy]{ – dnfO{ d]/f] k'/fgf] :sf{kmn] ;fy 5f]8\g] jfnf 5}g . d]/f] s'/f ;'gk] l5 pgL d':s'/fpFb} eGy], …dnfO{ yfxf 5 t/ ltdL;Fu sd;]sd csf]{ Ps hf]/ h'Qf t x'g} k5{ .Ú pgn] o;f] eGbf d pgsf] d'xf/lt/ x]//] d':sfg lbGy] . xfd|f] hLjg o;/L g} lalt /x]sf] lyof] Ps csf{sf] ;'v b'Mvdf ;xefuL eP/====. Tof] lbg a]ns ' L kv d}n] 5f]/f]nfO{ kx]n F f] /ªsf] /f]af];Fu v]ln /x]sf] b]v]F . Tof] b}Tosf/ /f]af] kSs} klg p;sf] lyPg . …of] s;sf] xf] <Ú d}n] cln uDeL/ :j/df ;f]w] . …of] /fIf; /f]af] < of] t======.Ú p;n] Tof] /f]af] xfd|f] s'g} gft]bf/sf] xf] eg] em}F u/L eGof] . d}n] cln s8fOk"js { p;Fu ;f]wk'5 u/]F . p;n] ;xhtfk"js { eGof], …of] /f]af] d]/f] ;fyLsf] xf], d]/f] Snf;df km/s km/s cfsf/sf /f]af] 5g\ . o;}n] xfdL cf–cfˆgf] /f]af]nfO{ Ps csf{;Fu ;f6f;f6 u/L v]Ng] u5f}{ .Ú s7f]/tfk"js { ;f]ws ] f] k|Zgk|lt dnfO{ ckm;f]r eof] . s]6fs]6Lx?sf]

;'ema'emk|lt cfZro{ nfUof] . d rflxF cfˆgf] 5f]/f]sf] :jefjdf e"m7 / a]OdfgLsf] c+z vf]lh /x]sL lyPF . ;fFrf] s'/f af]n/] pm km]l/ v]Ngdf dUg eof] . p;n] of] s'/f ;fdfGo ¿kdf lnof] . x'g klg of] ;fdfGo s'/f g} lyof] t/ dnfO{ nfof], o;sf] k5fl8 cfˆgf] dxTTjfsf+Iff k'/f ug]{ af6f]sf] ;Defjgf n'ss ] f] lyof] . d rfxGy],F of] qmd v]nf}gf;Fu dfq ;Lldt /xf];\ lsgls nfn;fsf] s'g} cGTo x'bF g} . d b'ljwfdf k/]sL lyPF – d To;sf] ;dy{g u?F jf lj/f]w . d]/f] s'/f p;n] Wofgk"js { ;'Gg]5 egL d ljZj:t lyPF . …Pp6f s'/f /fd|/L ;'gÚ, d}n] eg], …/fIf; xf];\ ls c¿ s'g} yf]s xf];,\ ltdLn] k9fOdf x]nrqmofO{ ug{ rflxF xFb' g} / csf{sf] rLh ;Dxfn]/ v]Ng' k5{ .Ú …x;\Ú . p;n] 6fpsf] xNnfP/ eGof] .

6\jfs 6\jfs ==== 9f]sf aflx/af6 cfjfh cfO /x]sf] lyof] . /f]af]nfO{ Psflt/ /fv]/ d]/f] 5f]/f 9f]sflt/ bf}8/] uof] . 9f]sf vf]ln ;s] kl5 klg 9f]sf 3R3Rofpg] dfG5] leq k;]g . 8/n] Jofs'n eO{ 9f]sfdf l7ª pleP/ x]l/ /x]sf] s]6f] 5f]/f]sf] ;fyL df]6' lyof] . pm cS;/ xfd|f] 3/df xf]djs{ ug{ cfpg] ub{Yof] . p;sf] eolet cg'xf/n] s]xL u8a8Lsf] ;ª\st] lbO /x]sf] lyof] . 5f]/f] / d df]6s ' f] s'/f ;'Gg cft'/ lyof}F . …d ==== d==== b'MvL 5' . d}n] hfgLhfgL o;f] u/]sf] xf]Og . dnfO{ dfkm u/ === ltd|f] /f]af] efFlrof] .Ú p;n] eolet :j/df eGof] . d]/f] 5f]/f]nfO{ p;n] efFlrPsf] /f]af] lbFb} d'lZsnn] ltg rf/ jfSo dfq af]Nof] . d}n] cfˆgf] 5f]/f]lt/ k'nS' s x]/] . p;sf] cg'xf/ /ut ;'s] em}F b]lvof] . Tof] va/n] p;sf] d'xf/ lgGofp/f] eof] . p;n] df]6s ' f] xftaf6 efFlrPsf] /f]af] lnof] / 3fOt] kIfLnfO{ d';f/] em}F d';fg{ yfNof] .

Tof] If0f d df]6'sf] 8/ / 5f]/f]sf] kL/lar cfˆgf] :sfk{msf] Tofusf] af/]df ;f]lr /x]sL lyPF . kne/sf] v';L lanfP/ uof] . ;a} s'/f Joy{ eof] ====t/ h] x'g' lyof], Tof] s'/f eO ;s]sf] lyof] . ca lrQ a'emfpg] sfd afx]s c¿ s] g} ug{ ;lsGYof] / Û t/ d e|ddf kl/ /x]sL lyPF . ;a} s'/f lalu| ;s]sf] t lyPg . df]6n ' ] u/]sf] uNtLsf] ;hfo lbg] sfd afFsL g} lyof] . 5f]/f]n] Ps kN6 dlt/ k'nS' s x]¥of] . …ca h] h;f] ug{' k5{, ;a} s'/f] ltd|f] xftdf

5 . clv/ Tof] /f]af] ltd|f] xf] . ca ltdL g} eg – xfdLn] o;af/] s] ug{' k5{ .Ú olQ eGb} d leq k;]F . d df]6n ' fO{ p;sf] eolet dgl:yltaf6 d'St u/fpg rfxGyF] / d cfˆgf] 5f]/f]af6 oxL s'/fsf] cfzf ul/ /x]sL lyPF === Ifdf jf b08 . ca lg0f{o ug{] sfd p;sf] xftdf lyof] . ef}lts ¿kn] d pgLx?sf] laraf6 6fl9PsL lyPF t/ d]/f] ;f;, d]/f] w'sw'sL w8\ls g} /x]sf] lyof] . …s;/L efFlrof] ====== < cln qmf]lwt :j/df d}n] df]6n ' fO{ ;f]w,F] …Tof] === Tof] d]/f] xftdf lyof] ==== yfxf 5}g PSsf;L d]/f] xftaf6 s;/L v:of], v:of] .Ú eo ldl>t :j/df p;n] eGof] . df]6n ' ] lat]sf] Tof] If0fsf] 36gf k'gM bf]xf]¥ofP/ eGof] . w]/} a]/;Dd d}n] 5f]/f]sf] cfjfh ;'lggF . d]/f nflu p;sf] Tof] df}gtf c;Xo ePsf] lyof] . d s] u?F < s;f] u?F < – d c;d~h;df k/]sL lyPF . d ;f]lr /x]sL lyPF, x'g t Tof] /f]af] v]nf}gf dx+uf] lyof] t/ === t/ bof / Ifdfsf] cl3Nnlt/ c¿ s]xL s'/f klg 7'nf] x'g ;Sb}g – of] s'/f d}n] a'‰g' k5{ . olQs}df PSsf;L Pp6f cfjfh u'l~hof], …eO xfNof] s]xL 5}g ==== .Ú df]6' 9'Ss eof] . p;n] r}gsf] ;f; km]¥of] . p;sf ;a} 8/ / cfzª\sf d]l6 lbP/ d]/f] 5f]/fn] cfˆgf] a8Kkg b;f{of] . d cToGt} xlif{t ePF, d]/f cfvfFdf cfF;' lyP . cfF;' el/Psf] cfFvfn] 5f]/f]n] dnfO{ x]b}{ eGof], …d]/f] /f]af] t dl/ ;Sof], cfdf .Ú …d p;nfO{ hf]8g\ ] sf]l;; ug{5 ] ' t/ ;kmntfsf] ;Defjgf Hofb} sd 5 .Ú –d}n] eg]F . dnfO{ ljZjf; u/L p;n] Tof] 3fOt] /f]af] dnfO{ lbof] / pm /fIf; /f]af];uF v]Ng yfNof] . d efFlrPsf] /f]af] hf]8hf8 ug]{tkm{ nfUfF] . Pp6f 6f]kL a'Gg] ;do eGbf a9L g} ;do nufP/ ldx]gtk"js { cflv/ /f]af]nfO{ hf]8\g] sfddf ;kmn ePF . t/ klg 5'g / v]Ng ;Sg] cj:yfdf pm cem} klg lyPg / Tof] slxNo} ;+ej klg lyPg . t}klg pT;flxt eP/ 5f]/f]lt/ x]/F] t/ p;sf] cg'xf/df k|;Ggtfsf] s'g} lrGx lyPg . …olb of] /f]af] lxF88'n ug{ ;St}g eg] o;sf] cfsf/ t km]g}{ k5{ . gq t of] c¿ ;:tf] v]nf}gf em}F b]lvg ;S5 .Ú p;n] zfGt :j/df eGof] . d]/f] ldx]gtsf] of] Pp6f /fd|f] k'/:sf/ lyPg

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 115

t}klg d 5f]/f]nfO{ pm unt 5 egL eGg ;lStgy]F . cflv/ /f]af]sf] d"No p;sf] cfsf/ km]g{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] sf/0fn] g} x'G5 . Tof]] ljgf t jf:tjdf Tof] /f]af] / c¿ ;fwf/0f v]nf}gfdf s'g} cGt/ g} xFb' g} . dfGg' k5{, cd]l/sLx?sf] a'l4nfO{ . lxF8\g], 8'Ng], ufpg], kmnfd] of]4f agfpg] s'/f s;}sf] lbdfudf cfpg ;S5 / < plk|mbF ,} s'bb\ –} slt dfofn' nflu /x]5 /fIf; /f]af]===. p;sf] p5ns'b x]g{ d pm glhs} a;F] . …P˜˜ Û of] s] eof] === <Ú xfdL eolet eO Ps csf{nfO{ x]g{ yfNof}F . s]xL If0fcl3 h'g eo df]6s ' f] cg'xf/df 5fPsf] lyof] ToxL eo 5f]/f]sf] cg'xf/df 5l/of] . emls{bf], xtfl;bf], l/; jf abnf lng] efjgf === s'lGg s] sf/0fn] xf]– s'g efjgfTds sf/0fn] xf], p;n] /f]af]sf] ;fFrf] a]:;/L 3'dfof] ==== / To;sf] kl/0ffd xfd|f cfFvf;fd' b]vf k¥of] . Ps l5g klg v]/ gkmfnL pm lalu| ;s]sf] /fIf; /f]af]nfO{ hf]8g\ ] sf]l;; ug{ yfNof] t/ ckm;f]; Û pm ljkmn eO /x]sf] lyof] . otfplt 5l/Psf k'hf{x? hf]8g\ ] qmddf /f]af] emg\emg\ lau|g yfn]sf] lyof] . of] g} /fd|f] eof]–rfF8} g} p;nfO{ cfˆgf] Ifdtfsf] ;Ldfaf/] af]w eof] / p;n] /fIf; /f]af]sf 6'6k] m'6s ] f 6'qmfx? a6'Ng yfNof] . pm 6'qmfx?sf] Kofs]6 p7fP/ 3/ aflx/ lg:sg tof/ eof] . …sfF hfg nfu]sf] <Ú d}n] cln x8\a8fP/ ;f]wF ] . Ú …/f]af] lkmtf{ ug{ / dfkmL dfUg ====.Ú p;n] eGof] . …of] df]6s ' f] xf] <Ú cfzfk"0f{ efj lnP/ d}n] ;f]wF ] . …xf]Og, of] cs{} s]6Lsf] xf] / Tof] s]6Lsf] gfd rflxF=== .Ú p;n] s]6Lsf] gfd lnFb} eGof] . d]/f] unfdf s]xL c8\lsP h:tf] eof] . p;n] eg]sf] s]6L ;DkGg kl/jf/sL lyO{ h'g s'/f d}n] d]/f] >Ldfgaf6 yfxf kfPsL lyPF . tTsfn} d]/f] cfFvf;dIf Tof] slnnL s]6L / p;sL 3d08L cfdfsf] t:jL/ gfRg yfNof] . …x/] Û d]/f] ;fgf] 5f]/f]===.Ú d s;nfO{ ;fGtjgf lbg k'lu5' . …ltdL ====ltdL === oxL cj:yfdf hfG5f} <Ú d}n] esesfP/ ;f]w]F . …lsg / < d}n] c¿ yf]s klg n}hfg' k5{ / <Ú 8/ / xtf/ dgl:yltdf p;n] ;f]Wof] . d}n] p;sf] lgbf]i{ f cfFvfdf Ps k6s x]/]F / df}g ePF . …cfdf d t lx8]F .Ú eGb} pm 9f]sf aflx/ lg:s]/ ;8slt/ cf]em]n eof] / d}n] pm ;'/lIft

;dsfnLg ;flxTo ÷÷ 116

k|1f–ultljlw

cj:yfdf 3/ kmsf]; { \ egL d'6s ' f] 9's9'sL;Fu} k|ltIff ul/ a;]F . leQ] 38Lsf] Tof] ;'O{ d]/f] x[bodf cfP/ 3'ld /x]emF} dnfO{ nflu /Xof] . ;dosf] PsPs Kfn ux+u'| f] eP/ lat] em}F dx;'; eO /x]sf] lyof] . aN5Ldf aNem]sf] df5f em}F d 56k6fO /x]sL lyPF . ;fob p;nfO{ PSn} k7fpg] d]/f] lg0f{o unt lyof] . ;a} dfG5] Ps ;dfg xFb' g} g\ . xfdLn] t df]6n ' fO{ Ifdf u¥of}F t/ pgLx?n] d]/f] 5f]/f]nfO{ Ifdf unf{g\ eGg] s'/fsf] s'g} Uof/]G6L lyPg . ToxfF s] xFb' 5 } xf]nf < pgLx?n] d]/f] 5f]/fnfO{ xKsfP eg] ====/ pm ?g yfNof] eg] . x] eujfg Û xf]Og, xf]Og====. pgLx?n] p;nfO{ dfkm ul/ ;s]sf] x'g ;S5 / To;kl5 pm cfˆgf ;fyLx?;Fu v]Ngdf d:t eO /x]sf] klg x'g ;S5 ===. d]/f] 5f]/f] t ;f]emf] / lgbf]i{ f 5 . p;Fu sf]xL klg l/;fpg ;Sb}gg\ . d Joy}d { f cflQPsL dfq 5' . kSs} klg pgLx?n] p;nfO{ dfkmL lbg]5g\ h;/L xfdLn] df]6n ' fO{ dfkmL lbof}F . d cfzª\lst / eolet cj:yfdf lyPF . d}n] cfkm"nfO{ cfZj:t kf/F] / ToxfF s'g} klg clk|o 36gf 36\g] 5}g eGg]df ljZj:t ePF . t/ klg h;} /ft kg{ yfNof], d lrlGtt x'g yfn]F . xNsf kb\rfkx?sf cfjfhn] k/flht kfOnfx? ;fb}{ 5f]/f] d;fd' cfO k'Uof] . s'g} 7'nf] g} ;ª\s6 a]xf]/]/ cfPsf] s'/f p;sf] dlng cg'xf/df k|:6 ¿kdf emlNsGYof] . lgx'l/Psf] lz/, ufnfdf cfF;s ' f yf]kfx? === . s]6fs]6Lx? ha s'g} s'/f n'sfpg] sf]lZf; u5{g\ To;a]nf pgLx? s'/f cln a9fP/ klg eGg] u5{g\ . p;sf] Tof] cj:yf b]Vg] ljlQs} d}n] ;a} s'/f a'lem ;s]sL lyPF . p;sf] d'vaf6 j:t' l:yltaf/] ;'g]/ d cem b'lvt x'g rfxGGfy]F . …pgLx? xhf{gf rfxG5g\ .Ú 6fpsf] lgx'/fP/ df}gtf eª\u ub}{ p;n] ;':t :j/df eGof] . p;n] jfSo k'/f ubf{sf] avt p;sf cfF;s ' f yf]kf au]/ d]/f] xftdf kg{ yfNof] .

6'6k] m'6s ] f] Tof] v]nf}gfaf6 d]/f] Wofg efFlrPsf] dglt/ c8\lsof] . …s]xL 5}g . To:tf] x'g' lyof], eof] .Ú d}n] p;nfO{ ;fGtjgf lbFb} eg],F …pgLx?n] gf]S;fgLsf] xhf{gfaf/] dfq} eg]sf x'g\ / h'g s'/f unt klg 5}g .Ú d}n] p;nfO{ ;f+;fl/s k|k~raf6 hf]ufpg] c;kmn k|of; u/]F .

…To;f] eP dnfO{ hfg lbgf];\ .Ú p;n] eGof] . …t/ sxfF lg<Ú d}n] ;f]wF] . …df]6s ' f] 3/==== . d klg p;nfO{ d]/f] v]nf}gfsf] gf]S;fgLsf] xhf{gf ltg{ nufpF5' .Ú p;n] b[9tfk"js { eGof] . …t/ ltdLn] t===.Ú d}n] jfSo k'/f ug{ gkfpFb} p;n] eGof], …xf], d}n] t p;nfO{ s]xL 5}g dfq eg]sf] lyPF . d klg p;nfO{ eGg]5' – d b'MvL 5' .Ú olt eGb} pm 9f]sflt/ nDs]/ uof] . …ef], st} hfg kb}g{ .Ú p;sf] xft cfkm"lt/ tfGb} d}n] eg]F . d]/f] xftaf6 5'6l\ 6g p;n] e/dUb'/ sf]l;; u¥of] . dnfO{ nfUof], p;sf] xfnt clxn] s'g} s;fOn] kf7f]nfO{ l3;f/]/ nu] em}F ePsf] lyof] . …lsg cfdf < dnfO{ eGg';\ t, dnfO{ df]6s ' fF hfg lsg cfjZos 5}g <Ú p;n] sf/0f hfGg rfXof] . d;Fu zAb, l;4fGt / lgodsf] s'g} sdL lyPg t/ d a'‰g ;ls /x]sL lyOGfF –p;nfO{ s;/L d]/f] cfbz{ / d"Nosf af/]df ;DemfpmF < t/ hLjgsf] n8fOFdf xltof/ pknAw u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L Pp6L cfdfsf] x'G5 . la/fnf]n] g} cfˆgf] 5fp/f]nfO{ d';f dfg{ l;sfpF5 eg] d d]/f] lhDd]jf/Laf6 s;/L klG5pmF < cflv/ o;sf] hjfkm t d}n] lbg} kg]{ lyof] . d}n] eGg ;'? u/F], …x]/ afa' . b'Mv, v]b, Ifdf ==== oL zAb dfq xf]Ogg\ . oL t hLjgsf d"No x'g,\ dfgjLo u'0f x'g\ . ltdLn] t df]6n ' fO{ Ifdf u¥of} === ca ltdL s;/L cfˆgf] d"No–dfGotfaf6 kl5 x6\g ;S5f} < ltdLn] h] u¥of}, /fd|} u¥of} .Ú …d]/f] / df]6s ' f] uNtL Pp6} vfnsf] lyof] . xf]Og / < t/ pgLx?n] t dnfO{ Ifdf u/]gg\ .Ú p;n] d]/f] egfOsf] k|ltjfb ub}{ eGof] . of] k|Zgsf nflu d klxn]bl] v g} tof/ lyPF . d}n] p;nfO{ ;DemfpFb} eg],F …;a} ;d:ofx? Pp6} tl/sfaf6 ;dfwfg ul/g' k5{ eGg] s'/f h?/L 5}g . Pp6} vfnsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ c¿ pkfox? klg x'G5g\ . ltdLn] Ifdfsf] af6f] r'Gof} / pgLx?n] xhf{gfsf] =====.Ú p;n] d]/f] s'/f a'‰g g;s] em}F nfUof] . dg gnfuL nfuL 6fpsf] xNnfP/ pm leq kl; ;s]sf] lyof] . Pp6f cfFwLa]x/L ;fDo eO ;s]sf] lyof] t/ csf]{ cfFwLa]x/L cfpg afFsL g} lyof] . Ifltk"lt{sf] hf]xf] ug{] sfd ;lhnf] lyPg .

To;sf nflu 3/} aGwsL /fVg' kg]{ h:tf] cj:yf t lyPg . t/ klg xfd|f] cfly{s cj:yf olt bogLo lyof] ls Pp6f ;fdfGo ;d:of 6fg{ klg wf} wf} kb{Yof] . To;dfly klg >Ldfgsf] qmf]wn] dg a]rg} eO /xGYof]] . h'g s'/fsf] 8/ lyof], Tof] g} eO lbof] . k'/f 36gfsf] gfnLa]nL ;'gk] l5 pgsf cfFvL ef}F v'lDrP . pgn] qmf]lwt x'bF } eg], …a]js'km, z}tfg, gfnfos . dlxgfel/sf] sdfONf] klg pgLx?sf] xhf{gf ltg{ ;lsGg . ca t]/f] ufnfdf o:tf] r8\sg lbG5' h'g t}n] hLjgel/ e'Ng] 5}g;\, a'lem;\ .Ú lah'nL em}F bf}8]/ 5f]/f]NffO{ lk6\g p7]sf] >Ldfgsf] xftnfO{ d}n] 5]sF] . pgsf] xyf}8L h:tf] xftsf] k|xf/sf] kL8fn] d /GylgPF . 5f]/f] rflxF p;}nfO{ df/ k/] em}F u/L lrRofP/ ?g yfNof] . …r'k nfu . ?g] s/fpg] sfd aGb u/Ú pgL l/;n] d'dl{' /b} eGg yfn], …t]/f] Tof] sfd g sfhsf] v]nf}gfn] t]/L cfdfsf] pmgL 6f]kL x/fof] . xhf{gfn] t of] k'/} lxpFbel/sf nflu t]n, t/sf/L vfg gk'Ug] ef] .Ú clg pgn] dlt/ x]b{} eg], …of] ;a} ltd|f] cgfjZos k'Nk'NofOn] ubf{ ePsf] xf] =====.Ú pgn] cfˆgf] cfqmf]; kf]lv g} /x] . pgLaf6 s'6fO lk6fOsf] sfd rflxF bf]xf]l/Psf] lyPg– dnfO{ ;Gtf]if eof] . dnfO{ k'/f ljZjf; lyof], pgsf] l/; yfldPkl5 pgL xfdL;Fu a;]/ Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd s;/L hDdf ug]a{ f/] ;/;Nnfx ug]{ g} 5g\ . kl/l:yltnfO{ abNg ;lsFb+ g} t/ To;nfO{ ;dfNg rflxF ;lsG5 / o;df k|of;sf] cfjZostf k5{ . xhf{gf, art, nfh==== oL ;a} s'/f slt rfF8} lxpFb;Fu} lat]/ uP, kQf] g} kfOPg . udL{sf lbg . ;"on { ] cfuf] cf]sn]em}F lyof] . ;w}F em}F d 3/ kmls{bf Tof] lbg klg 5f]/f] d]/f] af6f] x]l/ /x]sf] lyof] . :ofp em}F /ftf] ePsf] p;sf] cg'xf/ b]v/] st} p;nfO{ Hj/f] t cfPsf] 5}g egL d lrlGtt ePF . t/ p;sf cfFvfdf v';L emlNsPsf] b]v]/ d lglZrGt ePF . …Ps km]/ cfFvf aGb ug'; { \ t cfdf .Ú p;n] dlg/ cfP/ eGof] . cfxf Û s:tf] dL7f] :j/===Û p;sf] :j/ d nfvfF} dfG5]x?sf] eL8df klg lrGg ;S5' . dnfO{ nfUof]– pm dnfO{ s]xL s'/f lbg cToGt} nfnflot eO /x]5 . ==== p;sf] l/kf]6 sf8{ < jf p;n] cfkm}n] agfPsf] s'g} sf8{, s'g} zf] lk; jf

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c¿ s]xL yf]s === < d cfFvf lrDn]/ al; g} /x]sL lyPF . …n, ca cfFvf vf]Ng';\ t cfdf .Ú p;n] eGof] . d}n] cfFvf vf]nF] . d]/f] ;fd'Gg] j;Gtsf] xl/ofnL 5fP em}F efg eof] . d lhNn k/]F . dnfO{ of] ;kgf xf] ls ljkgf xf], 7Dofpg s]xL ;do nfUof] === d;fd' p;n] /fv]sf] xl/of] pmgsf] kf]sf] lyof] . …o;sf] /ª\u s:tf] nfUof] cfdf tkfO+n { fO{ <Ú p;n] ;f]Wof] . …d]/f] afa' .Ú cfTdljef]/ eP/ d}n] p;nfO{ cfˆgf] cª\ufnf]df afFw]F / egF,] …;fx|} dg k¥of] t/ ltdLn] of] s;/L / sxfFaf6 Nofof} <Ú afaf;Fu ahf/ uPsf] <Ú d}n] ;f]w]F . d]/f] ddtf ljef]/ eP/ klg ;r]t lyof] . …x}g . d PSn} uPsf] .Ú p;n] lglZrGt eP/ eGof] . …k};f sxfFaf6 kfof} <Ú d}n] ;f]wF] .

Tof] k|Zg ;f]WffO;Fu} d]/f] x[bodf ljutsf lbgx? 3'Dg yfn] . d ;w}F em}F ljZj:t lyPF – p;n] rf]/L t slxNo} ub}g{ t/ p;n] k};f sxFfF af6 Nofof] < s'g} k;ndf kf6{ 6fOd sfd u/]sf] xf] ls < jf p;n] k'/fgf sfuhaf6 ;fdfg agfP/ k};f sdfPsf] xf] ls < – d ;f]lr /x]sL lyPF . t/ olQsf lbg;Dd g t pm slxNo} l9nf] u/L 3/ cfof] g t 3/}df a;L s]xL sfd u/] em}F g} nfUof] . x] eujfg Û st} d}n] lbPsf] ;+:sf/n] t pm lau|g] < clg d}n] p;nfO{ s]xL dfofn' efjdf ;f]w,F] …of] k};f ltdLnfO{ sNn]

lbof], eg t <Ú …d}n] df]6; ' uF dfu]F .Ú p;n] :ki6 ¿kdf eGof] . t}klg d}n] p;sf] s'/fdf ljZJff; ug{ ;lsgF . olt a]nf h'g cg'xf/ d]/f] ;fd' lyof] Tof] To; aRrfsf] lyPg h;nfO{ d hGdeGbf klxn] g} lrGy] . …lsg ==< d]/f] dtna ltdLn] p;Fu k};f dfu]sf] xf] <Ú d}n] ;f]w]F . …xf], To;/L g} h;/L pgLx?n] dfu]sf lyP .Ú p;n] cfkm"n] u/]sf] lg0f{o v'n:t ¿kdf dnfO{ ;'gfpFb} eGof] . p;sf] egfOsf] cfzo d}n] Tof] s'/fnfO{ Joy{df ltnnfO{ kxf8 agfO /x]sL 5' ls eGg] lyof] . d]/f] xft cgfof;} plt/ a9\of] . p;n] 7fGof], d}n] p;nfO{ ;'d;'Dofpg vf]lh /x]sL 5' . pm d glhs} cfof] . d]/f] xft p;sf] ub{gdf alh|of] . Tof] p;n] ck]Iff u/]eGbf aflx/sf] s'/f lyof] . pm rlst eP/ dlt/ x]g{ yfNof] . dnfO{ ljZjf; t lyPg Tof] s'/fdf t/ Tof] lbgkl5 dnfO{ ljZjf; eof] ls o:tf] 36gf km]l/ klg bf]xf]l/g ;S5 . lr;f] xfjfsf] emf]Ssfn] 9f]sf xlNn /x]sf] lyof] . Tof] lbgkl5 df]6' xfd|f] 3/df slxNo} kms]/{ cfPg . lalu| ;s]sf] Tof] /f]af] klg lng cfPg h;sf] xhf{gf p;n] ltl/ ;s]sf] lyof] . clxn] xfd|f] 3/df b'O{6f /f]af] 5g\ . ca ltgn] cfsf/ km]bg{} g\ t/ ltgsf sf/0fn] xfd|f] 3/df ;DkGgtfsf] cfef; x'G5 . 5f]/f] tL /f]af];Fu v]Nb}g klg ===. ;

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k|1f–ultljlw

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cg'jfbs M g/ kNnj

k':ts ;dLIff

nf]s ;flxTodf gofF z}nL / :j¿ksf] dfgs s[lt 1fg' clwsf/L g]kfnL nf]s ;flxTosf If]qdf nfdf] ;dob]lv lqmofzLn df]tLnfn k/fh'nL o;} If]qdf ;dlk{t jl/i7 ;dfnf]rs x'g\ . ljz]if u/L nf]s ;flxTo / wd{– bz{gsf] cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgdf ?lr /fVg] k/fh'nLsf o;};uF ;Da4 ljleGg s[ltx? k|sflzt b]lvG5g\ . oL dWo] g]kfnL nf]s ufyf -@)$(_, ;f]/7L g[To gfl6sf M ;}4flGts cWoog -@)^#_, g]kfndf k|rlnt g[To / g[To gfl6sfx? -@)^#_, g]kfnL nf]s gf6s l;4fGt / ljZn]if0f -@)&)_ s[ltx? dxTTjk"0f{ b]lvG5g\ . g]kfnL nf]s syf M l;4fGt / ljZn]if0f -@)&!_ zLif{ssf] s[lt pgsf] ;a}eGbf kl5Nnf] tyf cToGt} dxTTjk"0f{ s[lt xf] . nf]s ;flxToleq klg ;Dk"0f{tM nf]s syfdf dfq s]lGb|t /xL k|:t't s[lt tof/ kf/]sf] b]lvG5 . nf]s syfsf] ;}4flGts :j¿k / cjwf/0ffsf ;fy} k|fof]lus kIfnfO{ klg :ki6 ¿kdf ljZn]if0f ul/Psfn] k|:t't s[lt Pp6f uxg cg';GwfgfTds s[ltsf ¿kdf b]lvG5 . nf]s hLjgdf >'lt k/Dk/faf6 hLljt /xFb} cfPsf] df}lvs ;flxTosf ¿kdf /x]sf] nf]s ;flxTonfO{ ;dfnf]rs k/fh'nLn] cToGt uxg ?lrsf ;fy cWoog ljZn]if0f u/]sf] kfOG5 . pgn] k|:t't s[ltdf nf]s hLjgsf cf:yf, ljZjf;, Jojxf/, lrGtg / cg'el" tx?nfO{ sNkgfsf] cfj/0f lbP/ /f]df~rs tTTjx?sf] ld>0f u/L snfTds ¿kdf k|:t't ul/g] nf]s ;d'bfoåf/f /rgf ul/Psf] df}lvs ;flxTo g} nf]s ;flxTo xf] egL nf]s ;flxTosf] kl/efiff lbPsf 5g\ . nf]s ;flxTosf] ;fdfGo kl/roaf6 nf]s syfdf dfq s]lGb|t /x]sf] k|:t't s[ltdf hDdf kfFr kl/R5]b 5g\ . klxnf] kl/R5]b nf]s syfsf] l;4fGtdf dfq s]lGb|t b]lvP klg cGo kl/R5]bdf l;4fGt / k|of]u b'js } f] k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . k|:t't s[ltsf] klxnf] kl/R5]bsf] zLif{s …nf]s syf l;4fGtÚ /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ljåfg\x?sf] kl/efiffsf cfwf/df nf]s syfsf] ;}4flGts :j¿ksf] lg¿k0f ul/Psf] o; kl/R5]bdf nf]s syf;Fu

lgs6sf] ;DaGw /fVg] nf]sufyf, lnlvt syf, pkGof; cflb;Fu nf]s syfsf] t'ngfTds cWoog ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . k|:t't kl/R5]bdf nf]s syfnfO{ cfsf/ k|sf/sf b[li6n] n3' ¿k, dWod ¿k, / a[xt\ ¿k u/L ltg k|sf/df juL{s/0f ub}{ o; cGtu{t kg]{ nf]s syfx?sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;dfnf]rs k/fh'nLn] dflg;sf] sNkgfzLn dl:tisLo phf{af6 g} nf]s syfsf] pTklQ x'g] atfpFb} cflbd sfnb]lv cfw'lgs sfn;Ddsf dfgjsf k|To]s k':tfn] cg'ej u/]sf cg'el" t / sNkgf ld>0f u/L /rgf ul/Psf k/Dkl/t cfVofgnfO{ nf]s syf atfPsf 5g\ / o;sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df k|;f/jfb, ljsf;jfb, dgf]ljZn]if0fjfb, OR5fk"lt{jfb, k|sl[ t ¿ksjfb, oyfy{jfb, ;dGjojfb h:tf l;4fGtx?n] sfd u/]sf] s'/f pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . nf]s syfsf ljz]iftfsf ¿kdf >'lt k/Dk/f, dª\un sfdgf, wfld{s, g}lts / ;fdflhs r]tgf, cnf}lsstf, s'tx" ntf, dgf]/~hgfTdstf sNkgfsf] k|jntf cflbsf] rrf{ ub}{ nf]s syfsf tTTjx?sf] klg ljj]rgf ul/Psf] 5 . cfw'lgs syf / nf]s syfsf clwsf+z tTTjx?df ;dfgtf b]lvP klg …clek|foÚ nf]s syfsf] df}lns tTTj ePsfn] o;sf af/]df k/fh'nLn] k|:t't s[ltdf lj:t[t ¿kdf ljj]rgf ub}{ nf]s syfsf] ljZn]if0fsf nflu of] cToGt dxTTjk"0f{ x'g] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . k|:t't s[ltsf] bf];f| ] kl/R5]bdf nf]s ;flxTosf cWoog k4ltsf cfwf/df g]kfnL nf]s syfx?sf] ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . k|:t't kl/R5]bdf pgn] nf]s ;flxTosf] cWoogdf ;fdfGotof nf]s ;flxTosf lghL k4ltx?, ;flxTo l;4fGt / ;dfnf]rgf k4ltdf cfwfl/t k4ltx? / cGtlj{ifos k4ltx? u/L ltg k|sf/sf cWoog k4ltsf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} oL ltg} k|sf/sf cWoog k4ltleq kg]{ pk k|sf/x?sf] klg pbfx/0f;lxt JofVof ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] of] kl/R5]b dxTTjk"0f{ b]lvG5 . nf]s ;flxTosf cWoog k4ltx?sf] kl/ro lbg] qmddf cGo k4ltx?sf] klg ljj]rgf

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ul/Psf] b]lvG5 . o;} qmddf ;+/rgfjfbL cWoog k4lt, sygsf] hflt tTTj k4lt tyf nf]s tflTjs k4ltsf] klg o; kl/R5]bdf rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 . …g]kfnL nf]s syfsf cfB¿k (Archetype) tyf syf k|sf/ (Taletype) zLif{ssf] t];f| ] kl/R5]bdf nf]s syfsf] cfB¿k / syf k|sf/sf af/]df lj:t[t JofVof / ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . cfB¿k eGgfn] ljZjel/ k|rlnt nf]s syfsf] Pp6f df}lns jf dfgs ¿k eGg] a'lemG5 . oxfF ljZjel/ k|rlnt nf]s syfx?sf] t'ngf u/]/ ltgLx?sf] dfgs ¿k kQf nufO{ Pp6f cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\st] cª\sdf kl/eflift ug]{ k4ltnfO{ nf]sfVofgsf] cfB¿k / syf k|sf/ k4ltsf ¿kdf lrgfOPsf] 5 . s'g} k|l;4 nf]s syf tyf nf]s ufyfx? w]/} 7fpFdf w]/} JolStx?åf/f k|:t't ul/g] x'bF f d"n syf jf d"n ¿kdf w]/} leGgtf cfpg] ub{5 . cfud, nf]k, cg'sn " g, ljko{o tyf kl/jt{g cflb sf/0fn] nf]s syfsf] d"n ¿kdf leGgtf cfpg] tYonfO{ k/fh'nLn] ;f]bfx/0f k|:6 kf/]sf 5g\ . o; kl/R5]bdf ;fn]{ ;f]lkmof jg{ tyf cfg]–{ yDK;gn] tof/ kf/]sf nf]s syf dfgs ¿k cWoog k4ltnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ ljZj nf]s syfsf] cWoog ;Gbe{df g]kfnL nf]s syfx?sf] dfgs ¿k / syf k|sf/ ;d]t lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnL efiffdf k|rngdf cfPsf sl/a !@)) nf]s syfnfO{ cWoogsf] cfwf/ agfO{ sl/a ltg ;o cfB¿kx? k|:t't ul/Psf] o; cWoogn] g]kfnL nf]s syfsf] If]q cGo b]zsf] nf]s ;flxlTos e08f/ eGbf klg ljzfn / Jofks /x]5 eGg] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] b]lvG5 . …clek|fo cWoog k4ltsf cfwf/df g]kfnL nf]s syfx?sf] ljZn]if0fÚ zLif{ssf] rf}yf] kl/R5]bdf clek|fo -df]l6km_sf af/]df lj:t[t ¿kdf JofVof tyf ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . clek|fosf] Jo'TklQ cy{, kl/efiff cflb k|:t't ub}{ cflbd sfnb]lv g} nf]s ;fdflhs ljZjf;sf ¿kdf /x]sf cb\et" 36gf, cnf}lss zlSt ;DkGg rl/qx?, c;fwf/0f sfo{x? tyf c;fdfGo ljrf/x?n] dfgj dl:tisdf kf/]sf] ckl/jt{gLo k|efjx?nfO{ g} clek|fosf ¿kdf lrgfOPsf] 5 . o; kl/R5]bdf g]kfnL efiffdf k|sflzt tyf ck|sflzt ljleGg nf]s syf ;ª\ux| x?sf] cWoog u/L To;sf cfwf/df clek|fo cg'qmdl0fsfnfO{ t]O; cf]6f ljleGg d"n zLif{sdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 / oL zLif{s cGtu{t /x]sf $&&# cyf{t\ rf/ xhf/ ;ft ;o lqxQ/ clek|fox?nfO{ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o; kl/R5]bdf k|:t't ul/Psf clek|fox?n] g]kfnL nf]s

hLjgsf cflbd efjgf, lrGtg, Jojxf/ / ;fdflhs lqmofsnfksf] lrq0f ug's { f ;fy} g]kfnL nf]s hLjg hfb'–6'gfd'gf h:tf cGw ljZjf;df cf:yf /fVb5 / g]kfnL ;dfhdf rt'/, b'i6, 5nL, d"v,{ efUojfg cflb ljleGg k|jl[ Q ePsf JolStx?sf] k|efj /x]sf] tYonfO{ klg k|:t't u/]sf] b]lvG5 . k|:t't s[ltsf] kfFrf}F cyf{t\ clGtd kl/R5]b pk;+xf/sf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;du| s[ltsf] ;f/f+z tyf kl/R5]but lgisif{nfO{ o;df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . lgisif{sf ¿kdf ;dfnf]rs k/fh'nLn] lnlvt ;flxTosf ;|ft] sf ¿kdf nf]s syfsf] rrf{ ub}{ nf]s syfsf] ;flxlTos d"Nosf] klg ljj]rgf u/]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L nf]s syfsf] ;f+:s[lts d"No, nf]s syfdf lrq snfsf] dxTTj tyf nf]s syfsf] z}lIfs dxTTjsf ;fy} nf]s ;flxTodf nf]s syfsf] :yfgnfO{ klg rrf{ ub}{ nf]s syfsf] dxTTjnfO{ lgisif{sf ¿kdf oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L ljleGg a'bF f÷zLif{sx?df s]lGb|t eO{ s[ltsf] ;f/nfO{ o; kl/R5]bdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . hDdf kfFr kl/R5]b / b'O{ kl/lzi6 v08 /x]sf] k|:t't s[lt & ;o $& k[i7sf] a[xt\ cfofddf lj:tfl/t b]lvG5 . g]kfnL nf]s ;flxTodf nf]s syfx?sf] ;ª\sng / k|sfzgsf] qmd s]xL ;do otf al9 /x]sf] eP klg nf]s syf ljwfdf dfq s]lGb|t eO o; k|sf/sf] ;}4flGts ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] lj:t[t / uxg s[lt o; cl3 k|sfzg gePsf] x'bF f k|:t't s[lt o; If]qsf] dxTTjk"0f{ k|flKt aGg k'us ] f] b]lvG5 . o; ;Gbe{df ;dfnf]rs :jod\n] xfn;Dd ;}4flGts cfwf/ lnP/ g]kfnL nf]s syfsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{ k/Dk/f ;d]t ga;]sf] ;Gbe{df k|:t't k':tsn] Pp6f gofF z}nL / :j¿k :yflkt u/]sf] 5 / nf]s ;flxTonfO{ dfgs l;4fGtsf] s;Ldf 3f]6/] x]g{] k|:t't sfo{ g]kfnL nf]s ;flxTosf] cWoogdf gofF k|of]u ePsf] 5 egL :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . ;}4flGts tyf k|fof]lut b'j} ;dfnf]rgf k4ltsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] k|:t't s[lt j}1flgs, j:t'lgi7 / dfgs s[ltsf ¿kdf b]lvG5 . s[lt M g]kfnL nf]s syf M l;4fGt / ljZn]if0f ;dfnf]rs M df]tLnfn k/fh'nL ljwf M ;dfnf]rgf k|sfzs M ljj]s l;h{gzLn k|sfzg k|f=ln= k|sfzg jif{ M @)&! k[i7 M &$& d"No M %%).–

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