Climate Proof ZoHo District. A work in progress.

A WORK IN PROGRESS

INTRODUCTION This book tells the story about climate adaptation in the ZOHO-district in Rotterdam. This exciting part of the city is bustling with activity and has a great urban mix of populations. A myriad of initiatives becomes more and more visible in the public realm of ZOHO. Meanwhile the city council of Rotterdam has established its climate change adaptation strategy. The goal is to integrate climate proofing into the physical structures of the city. Where else to do this but in ZOHO? This area in transition needs a drastic improvement of its public space; people in ZOHO are involved and open to change; existing sewerage is being renewed and the first real showcase of climate adaptation, conceived with public involvement, has already been realized here: the water square Benthemplein.

This book is the result of almost four years of progress in climate proofing the city districts of ‘Zomerhofkwartier’ and ‘Agniesebuurt’, together called ZOHO. The story of ZOHO moves from policy making via ideas and plans to physical realizations in collaboration with many stakeholders. More and more it is becoming clear that climate adaptation is team work and the result is a more healthy, pleasant and beautiful city. We start with the Rotterdam climate adaptation strategy and show why ZOHO is such a suitable quarter as a pilot area for climateproofing the city. Next we will dive deeper into the process and show the events and actions that have been determinative for the success of ZOHO so far. Finally we will explain and illustrate the works and projects that are in progress and those that already have been realized. There is already much to be seen, but even more to accomplish in ZOHO.

Biological adaptation In the field of biology, adaptations are those changes to the structure or behaviour of an organism that improve its chances for survival or for successfully raising offspring. Hence the survival of the fittest is not about being the strongest, but about being able to fit in with the circumstances that affect you. The ability to adapt is a vital aspect of the evolution of species.

WHAT IS CLIMATE ADAPTATION?

Climate adaptation is the process whereby society reduces its vulnerability to climate change by taking precautionary measures to change or alter its behaviour and/or its physical structures to be able to deal with the effects of climate change. Moreover this society seeks for ways to profit from the opportunities provided by a changing climate, for the benefit of all living things.

Rotterdam Adaptation Strategy

Rotterdam

Climate Change Adaptation Strategy

Rotterdam Climate Initiative

In 2008, the City of Rotterdam ratified the Rotterdam Climate Proof (RCP) programme.

The aim of this programme - which is part of the Rotterdam Climate Initiative - is to start working towards a climate proof city and to create the maximum possible economic spinoff in the process of trying to achieve this. One of the results of this is the Rotterdam Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (RAS in short).

The Rotterdam Climate Initiative (RCI) aims to have reduced CO2 emissions by 50% and to have made the region 100% climate-proof by 2025. The RCI is an initiative set up by the Rotterdam City Council, the Port of Rotterdam NV, DCMR Rijnmond environmental department and Deltalinqs, the umbrella organisation

climate, energy and water contribute to the creation of a greener, cleaner, healthier and economically stronger city and will make Rotterdam the most sustainable international port in the world.

Rotterdam adaption strategy

The Rotterdam adaptation strategy will set the course to enable Rotterdam to adapt to the changing climate. The target is to create a climate-proof city for the people of Rotterdam, both now and for future generations. A climate-proof city that is also attractive and economically prosperous.

More information

www.rotterdamclimateinitiative.nl

Rotterdam Climate Change Adaptation Strategy

for Rotterdam industry. As a decisive and innovative international port, Rotterdam, together with its inhabitants, businesses and institutions is assuming responsibility for ensuring a sustainable future. By tackling both the causes and the consequences of climate change, improving the air quality and limiting noise pollution, Rotterdam is continually improving its sustainability. This unique approach is making Rotterdam an inspirational example to other cities.

The aims and results in the field of the environment,

Edition City of Rotterdam, October 2013

This adaptation strategy provides the framework and starting point for a future climateproof development of Rotterdam. The RAS ensures that in the future, topics such as water safety and heat stress are included in the basis of (spatial) developments right from the start. This policy document has been officially approved and established in October 2013.

RAS EN cover def.indd 1

11-12-2013 14:02:46

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We bring the basic principles of the Rotterdam Climate Adaptation Strategy into practice

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CLIMATE ADAPTATION IS AN OFFICIAL ROTTERDAM POLICY

Flood

Rain

The effects of climate change that are currently causing stress...

Drought

Heat

...in the city of Rotterdam and will be of further threat in the near future.

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Inner-dike Inner-dike

Polders and Polders green and buffers green buffers Rotterdam robust system

Urban districts Urban districts

Compac

The city of Rotterdam has a sophisticated and refined system of water management and flood protection. This dates from centuries ago and has been improved ever since. It forms the cities robust base on which the inhabitants can rely, now and in the future.

Groundwater Groundwater Polder ditches Polder ditches Pump Pump Polder Polder Pump Pump outlet outlet

Open water Open water ’Singel’ ’Singel’

Pum sta

Outer-dike Outer-dike

ctCompact city centre city centre

mping Pumping Dike ation station

Dike High flood High plain flood plain

Urban districts Urban districts

river Meuse river Meuse

Port andPort harbour and harbour areas areas

HarbourHarbour area area

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Scheme showing the robust system of water management and flood protection in Rotterdam

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Rotterdam adaptive measures

Flood

Rain

MULTIFUNCTIONAL DIKE

WATERSQUARE

In addition to the robust system, adaptive measures are being implemented all over the city.

Drought

Heat

EXTRA SURFACE WATER

GREENING THE CITY

They form showcases of how a climate resilient city can be of benefit for all inhabitants to enjoy.

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CLIMATE-PROOF ZOHO

AGNIESEBUURT

ZOMERHOFDISTRICT

ZOHO is the perfect pilot location for the implementation of the Rotterdam Adaptation Strategy on a district scale. First, because it has the typical climate problems of a 19th century neighbourhood combined with that of modernist structures of the city centre.

Second, because the watersquare is already there; a showcase for climate adaptation which can be elaborated upon. And finally there are many stakeholders involved and willing to turn climate measures into added values for the district.

CENTRAL STATION

WATER SQUARE

DE ROTTE

The challenges the ZOHO district is facing are threefold: increasing excessive rain events, longer periods of drought and more intense periods of heat stress. Each of them bearing their own characteristics.

Increase buffer capacity Heavy rain events are a serious problem in the city of Rotterdam and especially in the city centre and in prewar districts. This applies to the entire ZOHO district. With the realization of the water square, a substantial part of the overall temporary peak storage has been taken care of. On a more local scale though, many places in this district have very little infiltration capacity and open water is situated too far away to be of immediate relief for buffering peak rain events.

The existing mixed sewerage system also has limited capacity. This system currently is being replaced in large parts of the district by an improved split sewerage system. This will create the opportunity to combine precise adjustments in public space with new underground works. Decreasing the large amount of impervious surfaces is a generic ambition that can be elaborated further in ZOHO. Overall we aim for a more complete water management system that stimulates a rich diversity in public, semi-public and private spaces at the same time.

Rotterdam storm water flood risk map

Water issues current water storage deficit areas (NBW) subsidence (cm/year) -0.1 - 0.5 0.5 - 0.1 >1

Bottlenecks and vulnerable areas bottleneck sewers bottleneck flooding due to groundwater city centre with considerable pressure on the open spaces urban areas with little open space urban area with much open space low-lying vital infrastructures

Surfaces

3%

green space built space paved surfaces open water

13%

b

little permeable surfaces in ZOHO

37%

Water management system current water catchment surface (water square) possible future water catchment bound water square bassins water square infiltration space near future sewerage renewal plan

Present situation of permeability and rain proofing ZOHO

47%

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w

Decrease effects of drought In between the extreme rain events, longer periods of drought occur. This happens in summer and in winter time and causes a serious threat to the wooden foundations of 19th century buildings along Noordsingel and in the Agniese district. These wooden poles have to be permanently under water. When exposed to air for long periods of time, they will start to rot and lose their constructive function causing serious threats for the future safety of the inhabitants of the buildings that rely on these foundations.

Also many species of trees and plants will suffer from longer periods of drought and lower ground water levels. Keeping rain water that falls within the area and preventing it to be pumped out or drained away is one immediate measure that can be taken to keep ground water levels at pace and decrease the immediate effects of longer periods of drought.

Ground water levels; average high

DROUGHT monitoring point of monitoring point of groundwater groundwater monitoring point of groundwater monitoring point of groundwater monitoring point of groundwater vulnerable green structure monitoring point of groundwater vulnerable green structure vulnerable vulnerable green green structure structure vulnerable green structure

vulnerable green structure

wooden pile vulnerable wooden foundation wooden pile foundation foundation wooden foundation wooden pile pile foundation concrete pile foundation wooden concretepile pilefoundation foundation concrete pile foundation concrete pile foundation concrete foundation concrete pile foundation 2nd 2nd out out of of 4 4 priority priority sewerage sewerage renewal renewal plan plan priority in sewerage plan 2nd out 4 sewerage renewal 2nd out of of area priority sewerage renewal renewal plan plan 2nd out of 44 priority priority sewerage renewal plan

highest highest position position highest highest position position highest position lowest lowest position position lowest lowest position position lowest position

Ground water levels; average low 0 0 00 0

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

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Fighting heat stress Most cities have a lot of hard surfaces in between buildings that have the tendency to heat up fast when the sun shines and temperatures rise.

Because the heat is captured in these spaces, a cumulative effect occurs, causing health problems for vulnerable groups like elderly and sick people and productivity loss in the working population.

The presence of shady places, sheltered water, soft surfaces and trees have proven to be effective remedies. Furthermore it is important to prevent the use of air conditioning in buildings, because these tend to heat up public spaces substantially during hot days, causing even more heat stress to the city.

Cooling effect due to shadow of buildings

RESEARCH MONTH March7:00 am 07:00 am - 05:00 pm March - 5:00 pm

mixed green in private domain

July pm am - 06:00 pm July7:00 am - 6:00 07:00 September 7:00 am - 5:00 pm September 07:00 am - 05:00 pm December 9:00 am - 3:00 pm December 09:00 am - 03:00 pm

mixed green in public domain

HOT

HOT

‘Singel’ open water and green

COOLER

COOLER

shadow map - RESEARCH MONTH March 7:00 am - 5:00 pm

- SHADOW INDEX LIGHTEST

DARKEST

July 7:00 am - 6:00 pm September 7:00 am - 5:00 pm December 9:00 am - 3:00 pm

possible removable boundary for depaving

RESEARCH MONTH March 7:00 am - 5:00 pm July 7:00 am - 6:00 pm September 7:00 am - 5:00 pm December 9:00 am - 3:00 pm HOT

COOLER

Cooling effect of trees and green structures

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07-08 PM

Softening the surface, decreasing car dominance A

One immediate measure that can be taken in order to effectively decreaseD the negative effects of all D three previously mentioned climate challenges, is to replace hard impervious spaces for more soft C and green spaces. WeCcall this ‘depaving’.

This will increase the infiltration capacity and make a positive contribution to keeping ground water levels at pace, cooling public space and increasing storm water buffering capacity. The possibility to depave the area is an important key to success. Especially in the southern part of the ZOHO-district an abundance of underused hard surfaces can be found. Space for parking cars dominates the public realm while repeated counts show that less than 50% of the parking places on average is being occupied. Changing car parking into pedestrian parks will be a leading principle for climate proofing the district.

51%

07-08 PM

456PP

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A

61.8%

11.11

101PP

Monday

61.8% 11.24

47.8% 11.05 11.1111.2 11.11 11.19

Tuesday Wednesday Sunday 101PP

Monday Monday Wedne 245PPTuesday

11.05 11.19

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03-05 PM

142PP

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64%

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15%

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7% 03-05 PM

8% 03-05 PM 15%74%

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07-08 PM

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Total usage of parking lots

456PP Average overall occupation of parking spaces

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esday Tuesday Sunday Wednesday Sunday 245PP

50%

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48.4%

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total balance parking lots - 864PP(20 11.11

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Tuesday

Wednesday

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38%

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252PP

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PP

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esday Tuesday Sunday Wednesday Sunday 81PP

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11.05 11.19

11.20

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49%

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A

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7PP

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%

67%

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84PP

07-08 PM

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60%

98PP

78PP

67% 84PP

456PP

C

A

Overview of all parking spaces and their occupation rates 61.8% 11.11

11.05 11.19

11.20

B 11.24

47.8%

11.11

11.05 11.19

11.20

With the water square we already have a showcase The water square offers a substantial amount of temporary storm water buffer to ZOHO and by keeping local water on the site simultaneously fights drought as well. This truly innovative climate concept is the first large scale built showcase of its kind and attracts attention from all over the world. Rotterdam is not just a front runner in climate policies, it is also the place where the built proof is realized. By becoming partner in the prestigious 100 Resilient Cities network the city of Rotterdam sets the goal to continue this ambition.

ARNOUD MOLENAAR CITY OF ROTTERDAM; CHIEF RESILIENCY OFFICER, 100 RC NETWORK BY ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION photo: Ossip van Duivenbode

A great place to experiment with slow urbanism One of the main drivers for the changing use of public space is the slow urbanism movement in ZOHO. A new way of city making takes place here, with a focus on re-programming the existing urban fabric and a bottom up approach to planning. Instead of workers coming by car disappearing into anonymous office buildings, the place is being populated by a diverse group of urban users that mainly come by bike and inhabit the urban space as lingering pedestrians. There is a lot of creative energy in the area with great potential to experiment on all different levels.

Currently, almost every week there is something to do in or around the Yellow building.

JEROEN LAVEN

STIPO; ZOHO PROGRAMMER APPOINTED BY HAVENSTEDER HOUSING CORPORATION, OPERATING FROM THE SO CALLED ‘YELLOW BUILDING’

Engaged entrepreneurs can realize their ideas here An initiative like the vegan restaurant Gare du Nord with its own little urban farm in front, forming the back drop of the pleasant outdoor terrace, has become one of the main public spaces of the area. A few blocks up in the Agniese district there is a communal garden where some of the Gare du Nord crops are being grown. The harvesting and cooking is done in the educational setting of an anonymous school building next to the emblematic train wagon. Showcase and social return are being combined here into one overall concept. Less visible, but as emblematic are ‘De Viltmannen’ (the Feltmen) who employ women from the neighbourhood in their small scale factory hall. Wool from regional sheep herds is being processed here into wearable gear where ancient crafts of North African women is being merged with fresh design ideas of students from the Rotterdam arts academy.

HANS KERVEZEE

GARE DU NORD & KOOK MET MIJ MEE; SOCIALLY ENGAGED ENTREPENEUR

FRANK HILBRANDS

‘DE VILTMANNEN’; SOCIALLY ENGAGED ENTREPENEUR

A neglected and monotonous public space Ambition should not stop with current success, because if you walk around the neighbourhood one has to admit that there is still a lot that can be improved. The overall impression of the real estate and especially public space is one of neglect and monotony. A stony grey pavement dominates the scene, the environment is hard and empty. While at the same time inside the buildings more and more life and diversity emerges. This internal quality that consists of the people of the district, should be invited to come outside into a welcoming public space. The many existing fully grown trees in the area are already a great quality and a good starting point for further improvement of its public space.

NILS BERNDSEN

POLITICIAN FOR D66; FORMER ELDERMAN BOROUGH ‘NOORD’, NOW ROTTERDAM CITY COUNCIL MEMBER

Let’s work together to realize an attractive and climate proof ZOHO Climate proofing the ZOHO district can be a catalyst for realizing attractive public space.

With the ratification of the Rotterdam Adaptation Strategy we agreed to appoint ZOHO as the district to experiment with many different ways of climate proofing an urban area. This experiment is about physical interventions that deal with excessive storm water, heat stress and periods of drought on one hand and improve the quality of public space on the other hand. In this process we deliberately are seeking collaboration with stakeholders from the neighbourhood: entrepreneurs, inhabitants, activists and institutional parties all work together to realize an attractive and climate proof ZOHO district.

DIRK VAN PEIJPE

DE URBANISTEN; INITIATOR OF CLIMATE PROOF ZOMERHOF DISTRICT

PROCESS the narrative on the process of climateproofing ZOHO acts as a shining example of the Rotterdam approach to create a climate resilient city.

i see a lot of opportunities in this area

Innovations hardly ever appear out of nothing. They mostly cover long processes of hard labour and require collaboration between many creative spirits. Climate proof ZOHO is such a process. It already started in the year 2005 with the first idea of the water square. This process will continue for years to come as many new ideas will be tested in the district. More and more enthusiastic people are joining in this transformation process to bring in their ideas, skills and expertise.

In this chapter we will reveal the crucial steps that have been taken over time and introduce you to some characters that play an important role in climate proofing the ZOHO district.

Rotterdamse

adaptatiestrategie

2005 - rotterdam

2007 - rotterdam

2014 - rotterdam

watercity 2035

waterplan 2

adaptation strategy

Climate proofing already started in 2005 with the contribution of “rotterdam Water City 2035” to the International Architectural Biennial rotterdam. This groundbreaking research by design explored the extremes of climate change by speculating on opportunities it could bring to the city of Rotterdam. Many of the fine ideas already landed in 2007 in the cities official policy document the “Waterplan 2”. This visionary document established the quantitative water tasks as an important issue of quality of life in the city and secured budget to execute innovations like the water square. In the following years the policy goals expanded from the sole water task into climate adaptation, which were established in the “Rotterdam Adaptation Strategy” in 2014.

The water square brought these policy ambitions into practice and delivered its built proof. On the Benthemplein De Urbanisten took their conceptual idea (2005) from a typological research (2007) to an educational comic book (2010) into a realized showcase for the world to see (2013).

florian boer De Urbanisten; Initiator and designer of the water square

Green aquapuncture

Watersquare Benthemplein Green Hofbogen Rooftop park: Dakakkers ZoHo Rainbarrel Rooftop park: Hofbogen / Luchtsingel

Permeable paving street

Waterrobust street design

And this turned out to be the beginning of the climate proof transformation of Robust open water Rain Garden Green aquapuncture

water square set a series of related interventions into motion that would affect the entire district. De Urbanisten

Waterrobust street design Pompenburg park

the ZOHO district. The realisation of the

Polderroof

realized that this would be the best time to upscale the water square from a singular project into a larger scale climate adaptation transformation.

alexandra van huffelen,

john jacobs, responsible

paula verhoeven,

responsible city

responsible arnoud molenaar,

alderman until

director Rotterdam

responsible for

2014

Climate Office

nils berndsen, responsible politician Borough of Noord until 2014

“Rotterdam Adaptation

jacco bakker, coordinating

Strategy”

district manager, Borough of Noord

for “rotterdam Waterplan 2” Pieter de Greef, responsible for “rotterdam Water City 2035”

on the road again ...

de urbanisten took their idea to the Rotterdam Climate office, the cities alderman and the politicians of Borough Noord.

All agreed: ZOHO district has to become the shining Rotterdam example of an integral climate proof urban district.

Dirk and Florian makE their tour along the responsible civil servants and officials from the city of Rotterdam

But let’s first go back to where it all started: water square Benthemplein.

In 2011 De Urbanisten took their idea to the neighbourhood and formed a diverse group of participants that wanted to invest time to think about

I keep the final

the design of the square. In total some 30 people from the adjacent

render of the water square

schools, church, theatre, gym and Agniese district took part in three

on my phone, so I can show that

workshops that went from generating a desired program, to choosing

I took part in the design

design options, to refining the integral design of the water square. As

process of the place.

a result the design very well meets the needs of mostly young people hanging and playing around the square.

daveson ignatia enthusiastic participant from Zadkine college

The impact of the water square on its surroundings:

Possible extension of catchment area

The open water of Noordsingel

Two underground Infiltration devices

Rain water catchment area of the water square

ongoing sewage renewal (splitting the system)

Three water catchment basins

There is an interesting unseen side to the water square as well.

This concerns the underground infrastructure that makes sure the rain water reaches the square quickly and also gets out of there after a while as well; partly into the open water of the ‘Noordsingel’ and partly infiltrating back into the ground water.

i’m going deeper underground

pats!

i see another opportunity to depave!

With the water square exercising a direct physical influence on its surroundings, it was time to start anticipating.... With the help of the Rotterdam municipality and STIPO, De Urbanisten started a series of workshops to determine possible climate adaptation projects for the ZoHo district. In the Yellow building creative entrepreneurs gathered to share their ideas and bring them to the map....

...sharing knowledge on climate adaptation

...SKETCHing on an INTEGRATED CLIMATE PROOF STRUCTURE FOR ZOHO

yes,

he likes it!

i like the idea to depave this site and turn it into a green welcoming garden

...who’s involved and what kind of values are added?

...presenting stories, reflect and discuss

POLDERDAK

TOGETHER WE CAME UP WITH SOME bright IDEAS we could use rooftops to store rain water and make them truly green

imagine to catch and store rainwater in rainbarrels and reuse it

open water

to water plants or flush toilets

water retention

water recycling

green roofs

water collection

planting

de dakdijk

DEPAVING

POLDERDAK-RAINWATER STORAGE AND RETENTION

we could use the facade of the hofbogen as a continuous green structure

CRITERIA

possible removable area for depaving

3m

6m

sidewalk

17%

road

9%

building

green

11% depaving underused

48%

15%

places creates the possibility to increase INFILTRATion capacity sidewalk

depaving area

depaving sidewalk area

road

facade garden

sidewalk

3

possible removable area of depaving

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delayed infiltration

road

parking

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1.8

sidewalk

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less paving delayed infiltration

delayed infiltration

OK, GREAT IDEAS ... ... NOW WHAT?

LET’S just do it !

g n i en en, e gr og he b f ho ing t ps e tak t st s fir PANOS SAKKAS AND ALBERT TAKASHI RICHTERS ARE PART OF the TEAM that MANAGES AN OPEN STUDIO LOCATED AT THE HOFBOGEN: POST OFFICE. after the zoho climate proof workshop they got so enthusiastic THEy TOOK THE LEAD OF THE green hofbogen INITIATIVE, OFFERING THEIR frontyard as a testing ground.

rain pipe disconnection and detour

filtering bed urban gardening

emergency overflow

rainwater storage natural infiltration

place making post office coordinated the process with THE SUPPORT OF the friends of the ‘hofplein’ line. THEY invested their own resources, time, friends and money to make this possible.

+

CLIMATE PROOFING de urbanisten added the climate proof touch by offering their knowledge and designing the water system. they also paid for the extra expenses to buy the required components to build it.

then building the framework of the bench

and adding the garden plants and the seats to the bench. the guys of ‘7 seasons’ helped to make the right plant selection according to the present shadow conditions.

did somebody say bottom up?

First depaving the sidewalk in front of post office to create space for a garden and infiltration planters,

e!!! eat m

finally, cutting the rain pipe coming down from the hofbogen and connecting it to the watertank. ready for use!

AT THE OPENING PARTY guests brought more plants. in return ‘fietzeria’ -a local entrepeneur- offered self made pizzas on site.

excuse me, you’re sitting on the plant i brought

next installing the rainwater storage tank. the water will be used for watering the garden plants.

prototype Om het concept van de regenton en het systeem in dit stadium verder te ontwikkelen worden twee prototypes geproduceerd. Een prototype gericht op individuele gebruikers. En een tweede groter prototype voor toepassing in de publieke ruimte.

, el r ar n b o in ra ll ic o oH sma mate Z 2 the cli g r in fo oof pr

Hufterproof Afleesscherm + Regenton App

3

Bas Sala is a product designer and developer whose company is located in the Yellow building. In the workshop he came up with the idea to catch, store and reuse rainwater in a custom made ZoHo rainbarrel. This rainbarrel should not just be functional, but also emblematic for the climate ambitions of ZoHo making it applicable on the smallest possible scale. Bas proposes to develop a prototype and to built and test it on site.

1

46.000 euro

the idea was supported by Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO) with a subsidy to further research the feasibility and to develop a prototype by Bas Sala and Rien Hilhorst from Spin Developers.

app braindrain

at the same time the technical university of delft developed ‘braindrain’: a smart app that can predict the water storage capacity that is needed in relation to weather forecasts.

locatie

2 Both ideas combined form an innovation that offers the possibility to store rain water, reuse it and release it when the weather forecast predicts that storage capacity is needed. When the braindrain app manages the storage regime of the rainbarrel, then water management becomes smart on the smallest scale.

This is FUN! a good reason to GET away from my office desK.

g n i av p de ho zo

reducing the excessive amount of paved surface in ZoHo was immediately put to practice at the Vijverhofstraat. first By taking out two parking places and a chunk of pavement. then by replacing this with a small raingarden, the promise for a greener future has been made tangible for everybody.

Jacco Bakker, district manager of the borough of ‘Noord’ enthusiastically took out the first tiles.

Contractor Van Dijk contributed the initiative with free soil and free labour

a lovely planting plan was provided by de urbanisten for free

dirk disconnected the rainpipe from the sewerage

HERE YOU GO, MATE!

TOGETHER WITH People from the community WE plantED the garden...

my little girl has green fingers

The municipal nursery delivered plants... for free as well

RESULT: a pop-up, zero budget garden !

the People of NAS, a social work organization in the ZoHo district, maintain the garden

this is eduardo marin salinas, landscape architect at De Urbanisten. eduardo made the planting scheme for the garden and he made a maintenance instruction folder THAT explains how to take care of the garden. he even gives instruction classes to nas.

We transformed the place from this ...

... to this in only 2 days!

And this is the promise provided‌ To upscale the place into a large welcoming rain garden. A place to linger and enjoy the scenery. And when it rains, water is being collected and slowly infiltrates back into the ground.

The impression was provided by De Urbanisten and the printing was sponsored by Komplot, finishing off this initiative without involving any money.

00 0 .

100 o eur

+ YES, OUT OF THE TOWERS AND INTO THE field!

From this point on everything becomes a bit more official... The municipality decides to dedicate some money they reserved for greening the city, to the future realisation of the rain garden. The pop-up garden has convinced them of the potential of radically greening the area. Furthermore an official municipal project leader is installed to coordinate all ZoHo initiatives: this is Bart Peters.

At the same time the story of

Rotterdam

the pop-up rain garden is being

C O N N E C T I N G W AT E R W I T H O P P O R T U N I T I E S

embedded into the Rotterdam “Deltas in times of climate change” 2014 Conference, Benthemplein

The world’s first water square

Rotterdam’s tools for Climate Change Adaptation Strategy Aqua Dock’s water lots Connecting Delta Cities shares knowledge and exchanges experience

Even with safe dikes, you need to stay alert

together with the water square it represents a successful agent for climate proofing city districts.

, of ion o r t ra er e d s l n of po t ge o ex en r n e e th f gr o another happy

One of the initiatives that is getting the more ‘official municipal treat’ is the polderroof. To examine if the top floor of the parking garage next to the Katshoek office building is suitable for substantial water storage, a feasibility study has been started. The concept of a polderroof seems promising: combining water storage, urban agriculture and a more public cultural use on one space meets the main principles of the Adaptation Strategy. Climate proofing is all about adding values to the social and physical environment, but is it also economically feasible? To examine this experts and stakeholders joined forces and shared their expertise to dive into the matter.

customer

The parking roof provides an ideal setting for mixing green urban functions because of its accessibility, flexibility and good structural conditions.

jesus martin hurtado Architect at De Urbanisten

the concept of the polderroof

I am friso from dakdokters (roofdokters). you might think this is just a regular green roof ... but it’s not! let’s explain the concept ...

the rooftop can hold a substantial amount of rainwater, due to the use of water storage crates and a little ‘dike’ that creates a bassin. we built a polderroof on top of an old school building at the amsterdam zuidas district

If we now look again at the rooftop of the Katshoek parking garage, it appears pretty underused. This huge space harbours more potential than the limited amount of cars that are scattered around here now.

Already now the roof is occasionally being occupied by crowds. Especially in summertime the rooftop programmers of ‘DAK’ bring urban life here with cinema, parties and dinners. Turning the parking into a temporary public space.

WATER STORAGE

GREENING + URBAN FARMING

+

EVENT SPACE

+

From a structural point of view it turns out that the roof can handle substantial water storage, offer event space and can be green at the same time. When the place is smartly zoned, it can harbour all these programs. A team of Rotterdam Engineering bureau, Valorisation program, De Urbanisten, Basement development and Waterboard of Schieland en Krimpenerwaard share this conclusion.

The difficulty lies in the fact that this existing roof belongs to a private investor, represented by Basement development. The investor is willing to allow temporal public use, but wants to be able to take the space back into the office portfolio as parking at any desired time. This requires a flexibility that should be combined with a long term commitment to guarantee substantial water storage, if one wants the Waterboard to co-invest in a polderroof here....

... AND THE PRIVATE PUBLIC

...the team discovered though, that the groundfloor of the parking belongs to the municipality. This public gloomy back alley space currently causes problems of social safety.

If we manage to take the Katshoek building and its parking out of the sewage system by taking care of its own water storage, then a storm LET’S MAKE THE PUBLIC PRIVATE ...

water sewage will not be needed any more here and also public access could be terminated. At such a moment a public-private swap could be arranged: Ground level will be privatised and the roof will become publicly owned. Currently bart is working out his fairly brilliant idea into an agreement.

ek o h y s a t w ka (a) in den a r r ga this is FIEN DEKKER, public space DESIGNER AND product DEVELOPER. FIEN HAS invented THE RAIN(a)WAY TILE. a tile that collects water and makes the water slowly drain into the ground. the tile also looks good. she is looking for a place to test it in real life.

+ dirk reads an article about fiens rain(a) way tile and he likes her idea. he SEES an OPPORTUNITY TO TEST OUT the rain(a)way TILE in front of the ‘katshoek’ building where de urbanisten proposed to depave the site and create a front garden. dirk contacts fien and brings her into the zoho-area. he also brings her into contact with Basement development, the municipality and vp delta who feel like sponsoring this innovation.

meanwhile in bruSSELS....

we’ve got a request from the city of rotterdam for a subsidy for climate proofing a city district called zoho

hmmm... this is pretty interesting, these guys are DOING A decent job

ALL our years’ WORK OF CLIMATE PROOFING ZOHO has been REWARDED!

let’s support them with a generous subsidy

the municipality of rotterdam reCEIVEs a life+ subsidy for realisation AND FURTHER DEvelopment of THE ZOHO-DISTRICT....

WORKS

Work in progress Climateproofing ZOHO is not only a process, it’s also a work in progress. it’s time to show the results that have been accomplished so far. We distinguish six projects in the area. They vary largely in size, impact and spatial appearance.

But all of them effectively aim at climate proofing the district by offering a certain amount of storm water storage, reducing heat stress and fighting drought by restoring ground water balance. All of the projects also include stakeholder involvement, for example by user participation; by multiple initiators; by using multiple financial sources; by sharing responsibilities in maintenance or a combination of the previous. Some of the works can already be visited and enjoyed or will be realized very soon. Other works still need some extra time and effort to be developed and realized.

Climate proofing ZOHO is a work in progress.

1 BENTHEMPLEIN WATER SQUARE 2 POLDER ROOF 3 KATSHOEK RAIN(A)WAY GARDEN 4 ZOHO-RAINBARREL 5 GREENING HOFBOGEN 6 ZOHO-RAINGARDEN

1 5 6

3

4 2

BENTHEMPLEIN WATERSQUARE The water square combines temporal water storage with the improvement of the quality of urban public space. The water square can be understood as a twofold strategy. It makes money invested in water storage facilities visible and enjoyable. It also generates opportunities to create environmental quality and identity to central spaces in neighbourhoods. Most of the time the water square will be dry and in use as a recreational space.

Year Client Design Status Collaborators Project management Construction supervision Construction works Costs Surface area Storage capacity DE URBANISTEN

2011-2014 City of Rotterdam: Rotterdam Climate Initiative Waterboard Schieland & Krimpenerwaard De Urbanisten Realized Rotterdam Engineering Bureau Rotterdam Project Management Bureau Rotterdam Engineering Bureau Wallaard 4 million euros 9.500 m2 (incl. street and parking) square: 5.500 m2 1.800 m3 Initiative, concept, design, workshops, supervision

Composition of financial contributions to the water square EUROPEAN AND 40% 25% SPECIAL DUTCH FUNDING

â‚Ź

SPATIAL QUALITY

50%

60%

MUNICIPALITY OF ROTTERDAM (WATERPLAN 2)

WATER TASK

25%

WATERBOARD

View on the central basin of the watersquare photo pallesh + azarfane

The functional set up of the water square in three storm water catchment basins

Catchment area of basin 1

Catchment area of basin 2

Catchment area of basin 3

Overview of the complete watersquare and its three temporal storage basins photo pallesh + azarfane

Functional storm water inlets are designed as special features

The “rain well” releases the water from the adjacent roof into a wide stainless steel gutter

The “water wall” releases the water from further surroundings into the central basin

The central basin after a serious cloudburst in August 2014

photo Jeroen Musch

early spring

late spring

summer

autumn

POLDER ROOF

POLDERDAK

The Polderroof project proposes the transformation of the roof of the ‘Katshoek’ parking garage into an attractive green roof that stores and reuses rainwater from the nearby buildings in a controlled way. The Polderroof takes the rainwater out of the sewage system and into the ZOHO-raingarden to infiltrate. It also is a collective place for urban agriculture, everyday recreation and small outdoor events. By doing this, the Polderroof adds new social, economic, environmental and ecological values to the ZOHO district.

Costs Catchment area Storage capacity

2014-ongoing City of Rotterdam Feasibility study Basement bv Valorisation program Deltatechnology & Water Dakdokters 412.000 euros (estimated) 5.570 m2 365 m3

DE URBANISTEN

Initiative, research & design

Year Client Status Collaborators

water retention

planting

de dakdijk

water retention

planting

de dakdijk

POLDERDAK-RAINWATER STORAGE AND RETENTION POLDERDAK-RAINWATER STORAGE AND RETENTION

Polderroof Plan; the roof is both an attractive community space for ZOHO and an innovative storm water storage facility.

EVERYDAY SITUATION

CLOUDBURST < 21mm

CLOUDBURST 21 - 70 mm

Cars move out / Gates close Raingarden

max 10cm

max 10cm

max 35cm max 35cm max 10cm

max 10cm

AFTER A BLOUDBURST

DRAIN WATER

The polder roof water management sequence. It can handle stormwater storage and reuse in a controlled way by using smart applications

The polder roof is linked to the ZOHO-raingarden and the district water management system

IE A first polder roof has been realized in Amsterdam (designed by Dakdokters)

BOEKHORSTSTRAAT

BENTHEMPLEIN

HOFBOGEN

green wall

raingarden

POLDERDAK

POLDER

Gebruiksbelasting in kg / m² Boom

The range of activities that can be hosted on a roof related to the necessary construction conditions

R DAK SECTION 2

roofgarden

1100

kg/m²

Aquaponics

600

kg/m²

parking

Kassen

500

kg/m²

Feest

500

Openluchtbioscoop

kg/m²

parking

400

kg/m²

Dakakker

330

kg/m²

Terras

300

kg/m²

Parkeren

Intensief groen

250

140

kg/m²

kg/m²

Water

100

kg/m²

Extensief groen

90

kg/m²

roofgarden

WEIGHT LOAD THE ROOFTOP CAN SUPPORT 350 kg/m2

WATERLEVEL TO STORE A CLOUDBURST OF 55mm 15 cm

Section of the polder roof and raingarden

POLDER DAK SECTION 1 35cm

Plant layer

45cm

Soil ~35cm

Filter

RAIN CRATE 10cm/Storage capacity 7cm Protective course + root destroyer. impervious layer + concrete

Stored rainwater can be used to water the roof gardens

Plant layer

Soil ~35cm

Filter Protective course + root destroyer. impervious layer + concrete

With a smart-app, the water capacity in the system can be controlled to create storage space when extreme weather events are expected

The polder roof is part of the larger district water management system.

In front the smart app to control the waterlevels on the polderroof.

How to solve excess of water dripping?

step 1 no flowers below the water dripping

50% Ornamental grasses

24% Flowers

50 cm cover + flower

step 2 thin layer of mulching to reduce water impact, keep moisture and avoid weeds

step 3 smooth slope to maximize water distribution

body of grass

cover + flower

26% Groundcover plants

Overall planting scheme of the Rain(a)way Garden

emergent seasonal flowers cover plants

Composition of the Rain(a)way Garden: a subtle relation between seasonal flowers, ornamental grasses and the Rain(a)way tiles

upright seasonal flowers

stemp mound seasonal flowers

body of ornamental grasses

Carex muskingumensis

Sesleria autumnalis

Deschampsia cespitosa

Artemisia ludoviciana

Euphorbia griffithii

Calamintha nepeta nepeta

Cephalaria gigantea

Rudbeckia fulgida Goldstrum

Echinacea flame

Hakonechloa macra

Persicaria amplexicaulis alba

Echinacea alba

Echinacea sunrise

concept

In het kader van de verduurzaming van ZoHo hebben Studio Bas Sala en SPIN geZoHo Regenton ZOHObiedsontwikkelaars de ZoHo regenton ontwikkeld.

De ZoHo regenton is een systeem van wateropslag dat op meerdere manieren bijRAINBARREL draagt aan die verduurzaming door: concept

open water

het kader van de verduurzaming van ZoHo hebben Studio - vertraging van de afgifte van overvloedigInregenwater aan het rioleringssysteem; biedsontwikkelaars de ZoHo regenton ontwikkeld.

- besparing van schoon drinkwater door gebruik bevloeiing vanvan (dak)tuinen; The ZOHO-rainbarrel is a participative water storage De ZoHovoor regenton is een systeem wateropslag dat op m besparing van schoon drinkwater door gebruik als spoelwater in toiletten. draagt aan die verduurzaming door: system. It is designed to be an icon for ZOHO and a

smart solution for rain water reuse and storage at the same time. The willkan be produced in De ZOHO ZoHorainbarrel regenton op verschillende the district by local businesses.

It creates awareness - individueel bij bewoners in de tuin; and a shared community feeling with the users. The - op gebouwniveau; system also will be used in educational programs - op gebieds/wijkniveau. on climate adaptation at schools. A smart control device - (B)Rainbarrel - makes it possible to control storage capacity within the system.

Year Client Initiative Status Design

productie en participatie 2014-ongoing RVO Rien Hilhorst, Studio Bas Sala Feasibility study Studio Bas Sala TU Delft / PJ van Overloop

- vertraging van de afgifte van overvloedig regenwater aan h - besparing van schoon drinkwater door gebruik voor bevloei niveaus worden ingezet: - besparing van schoon drinkwater door gebruik als spoelwa

De ZoHo regenton kan op verschillende niveaus worden inge - individueel bij bewoners in de tuin; - op gebouwniveau; - op gebieds/wijkniveau.

productie en participatie

De ZoHo regenton draagt ook bij aan sociaaleconomische du

De ZoHo regenton draagt ook bij aan sociaaleconomische duurzaamheid ZoHo late Rotterdam en de Agniesebuurt, doordat wevan het systeem Rotterdam en de Agniesebuurt, doordat wedoor hetwijkgebonden systeem laten fabriceren in de wijk ondernemers.

Door de exposure en mond-tot-mondreclame wordt de ZoHo door wijkgebonden ondernemers. hebbeding. Bewoners gaan er met elkaar over praten. Ze wo Door de exposure en mond-tot-mondreclame wordt ZoHo regenton eendegewild systemen aande elkaar te koppelen, hetgeen sociale structu Start-up support DE URBANISTEN is met praten. de slimmeZe regelklep ontwikkeld door de TU hun Delft ook o hebbeding. Bewoners gaan er met elkaar over worden gemotiveerd gebied een toegevoegde waarde ten opzichte van bestaande systemen aan elkaar te koppelen, hetgeen de sociale structuur versterkt. Daarnaast ontwikkelde app sluit goed aan bij de reeds bestaande ideĂŤe is met de slimme regelklep ontwikkeld doorinnovatieve de TU Delft ook opterproducttechnologisch technologieĂŤn versterking van de ZoHo maak gebied een toegevoegde waarde ten opzichte van bestaande systemen. De daarbij water recycling

green roofs

water collection

The ZOHO rainbarrel can stand alone or be linked to a larger cluster of storm water management

o Bas Sala en SPIN ge-

meerdere manieren bij-

het rioleringssysteem; iing van (dak)tuinen; ater in toiletten.

ezet:

uurzaamheid van ZoHo en fabriceren in de wijk

o regenton een gewild orden gemotiveerd hun uur versterkt. Daarnaast op producttechnologisch e systemen. De daarbij en over het toepassen van kindustrie.

10m +10 m

0m 0m

+10 m

bouwlagen

location locatie regenton rainbarrel

0m

bo

STOR

A

38 m 2

B

457 m

C

370 m

2

D

237 m

2

1102 m 2

1102 m

x1

2

x1

----------

A B

2m 2 25m 2

C

A 20,25m 13m 2

B

2

D

C

x8 2m 2 x 100 25m 2

Calculation exercise on clustering the ZOHO-Rainbarrel on and around the Yellow Building/ het Gele Gebouw (by De Urbanisten)

D x 81 20,25m

2

x 53

A

38 m2

B

457 m2

C

370 m2

RAGE CAPACITY WITH A CLOUDBURST 1102 m OF 55 mm 2

2 m2 x 55mm ------------------------- D60610 237 mlitres

1 = 250 litres ------------------------- 60610 litres / 250 litres = 242 rainwater barrels

How many toilets can I flush with How many rainwater barrels do I need to harvested rainwater? catch as much rainwater possible?

HOW MANY RAINWATER BUTTS DO I NEED TO HARVEST AS as MUCH RAINWATER AS PO

1 = 0,25 m2 ------------------------- 242 rainwater barrels X 0,25 m2 = 60,5 m

2

occupied surface

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IN ROTTERDAM : 800 mm STORAGE CAPACITY WITH A CLOUDBURST OF 55 mm

A 38m2 x 55mm ----------------------- 2090 litres ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2090 litres / 250 litres ------------ 8 rainwater barrels B 457 m 2 x 1 = 6 litres --------------litres / year) / 6 litres = 146900 toilets / year m 2 occupied surface on rooftop B 1102 m 2 8 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 ---- 2(881600 38 m 2

1102 m2 x 800mm ------------- 881600 litres / year

1102 m2 x 55mm ------------------------- 60610 litres x 1 = 250 litres ------------------------- 60610 litres / 250 litres = 242 rainwater barrels

C

m =2 587 toilets / day 1 year = 250 working days ---- (146900 toilets / year) / 250 working370 days

x 1 = 0,25 m2 ------------------------- 242 rainwater barrels X 0,25 m2 = 60,5 m

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

D

237 m

2

457m2 x 55mm --------------------25135 litres x 1 = 5 flushes / day ----(587 toilets / day) / 5 = 117 workers 25135 litres / 250 litres ----------- 100 rainwater barrels 117 people can workm in2the building using only harvested rainwater to C flush their toilets - 25 m 2 occupied surface on rooftop 100 rainwater barrels x 0,25 370m2 x 55mm --------------------- 20350 litres 2m 2 20350 litres / 250 litres ----------- 81 rainwater barrels 81 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 -- 20,25 m 2 occupied surface on rooftop D

25m 2

A 237m2 x 55mm --------------------- 13035 litres 13035 litres / 250 litres ----------- 53 rainwater butts B 53 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 -- 13 m 2 occupied surface on street

20,25m 13m 2

x 100 25m 2

D x 81 20,25m

A

38m2 x 55mm ----------------------- 2090 litres 2090 litres / 250 litres ------------ 8 rainwater barrels 8 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 ---- 2 m 2 occupied surface on rooftop B

B

457m2 x 55mm --------------------- 25135 litres 25135 litres / 250 litres ----------- 100 rainwater barrels 100 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 - 25 m 2 occupied surface on rooftop C

C

370m2 x 55mm --------------------- 20350 litres 20350 litres / 250 litres ----------- 81 rainwater barrels 81 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 -- 20,25 m 2 occupied surface on rooftop D

D

237m2 x 55mm --------------------- 13035 litres 13035 litres / 250 litres ----------- 53 rainwater butts 53 rainwater barrels x 0,25 m2 -- 13 m 2 occupied surface on street

2

C

x8 2m 2

2

x 53 13m 2

2

occupied surface

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE APP Without BrainDrain

RS communication. This equipment sends the nes through optimization the optimal water level . ate this water level. The next time step the t always the newest advice is given

s much as needed to prevent inundation.

he evel .

With BrainDrain

The App provides the user with real-time information about the reservoir. As soon as the user approaches a BrainDrain, the App will inform about the current water level and target level. Also it is possible to see what the BrainDrain will do in the upcoming hours and what the status of other reservoirs a BrainDrain is.

THE APP The App provides the user with real-time information about the reservoir. As soon as the user approaches a BrainDrain, the App will inform about the current water level and target level. Also it is possible to see what the BrainDrain will do in the upcoming hours and what the status of other reservoirs a BrainDrain is.

A scale model of greenhouse and a scale model of greenhouse waterreservoir

and waterreservoir

The BrainDrain on a water The BrainDrain on barrel

rainbutt

M.M. Vierstra Msc., Dr. ir. P.J.A.T.M van Overloop, ir. A. M. van Leeuwen, B. Alewijnse Department of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Section watermanagement, Delft University of Technology

Brain Drain is a smart app to predict the water storage capacity needs

a

Studio Bas Sala developed 3 different prototypes to fit the requirements

GREENING HOFBOGEN Greening Hofbogen aims at climate proofing the monumental structure of the ‘Hofpleinlijn’. While waiting for a long term vision, the Hofbogen are approached from a bottom up perspective, starting at street level. Analyses show, that there is a potential for a substantial greening of the facades and sidewalks. Rain water from the roof is used for irrigation purposes and local infiltration. Moreover, Greening the Hofbogen is about placemaking.

Illustrative in this is the Post-Office (SCHOP) project.

The intervention on their ‘Hofboog’ facade addresses issues like restoring urban ecosystems, edible growth, rainwater reuse and public urban furniture.

Costs test site

2014-ongoing City of Rotterdam DE URBANISTEN Post-Office (SCHOP) Study and test-site Post-Office 7 seasons Hofbogen BV 700 euro (material costs)

DE URBANISTEN

Research by design, support of test-site

Year Client Design Status Collaborators

facade garden

7SEASONS

delayed infiltration

Current situation of the ‘Hofbogen’

NORTH PART

E

1381.53 m

F

2

325.52m

2

67.72m

967.28 m

2

G

2

126.76 m

2

43.68 m

2

562.48 m

97.76 m

2

2

H

1342.36 m

77.05 m

2

FACADE SURFACE

+ POSSIBILITY FOR FACADE GREEN DEPAVING SUN POSSIBLE ECOLOGY HWA PUBLICNESS POLICITES BOTTOM UP BUURTSUPER POST OFFICE 7 SEASONS

+ +

+

I

2

m

2

48.88 m

J

1251.26 m

2

71.65 m

2

464.72 m

2

1368.21 m

2

72.82 m

2

277.38 m

2

+

Analysis of present conditions and future potential of the Hofbogen north facade

m

DOES THE SYSTEM HAVE TO DEAL WITH? TOTAL ROOF SURFACE hOW MUCH RAINWATER m DOES THE6833.36 SYSTEM average annual rainfall in Rotterdam : 800mm HAVE TO DEAL WITH? hOW MUCH RAINWATER

2

2

46

aa t

4.

72

m

2

NO

FS

m

7.

38 m

m x 6833 800mm ------- 5466400 liters / year DOES THE SYSTEM

2

2

5 mFAC A

.6

TR

2

27

RT H

71

2

AA T

48

.8

46

AT a

4.

at

72

m

DE

8m

2

-V ijv er

HAVE TOROOF DEALSURFACE WITH? TOTAL

.8

2m

2

6833.36 m

2

TOTAL ROOF SURFACE

ho

37

fs

78 tra

9.

2

VI

AA T

5m 2

48

FS

8m

TR

m

37

2

.6

5m 2 48

.8

97

8m

37

6m 2

.0

12

2

.8

77

8m

E

51

31

m

oe

2

77

.0

77

.0

5m 2

m

2

67

.7

8m

m

ra at

89

1

32

5.

8m

52

m

2

NORTH 2

1

m

4

4

2

289.93 357.36216.73

2

729.13

385.37 795.06

729.13

216.73

385.37

3

4

1195.33

289.93

NORTH

325.52

357.36

795.06

729.13

SOUTH

1195.33

289.93

216.73

385.37

SOUTH

2

2m 2 6.

70

m

.7

2

2m 2

8m 2

25

6.

.6

70

2

41

3

3880.61 m

FACADE TYPOLOGY 325.52 357.36 795.06

1195.33 SOUTH 325.52 NORTH 89

2

2m 2

8m 2

25

2

67

8m

FACADE TYPOLOGY

.7

m

8.

43

2

TOTAL FACADE 2 SURFACE 1 3

ra at

67

7.

m

2

7.

41

52

.7

41 2

2

2m 2

.6

.6

38

76

67

43

43

5m 2

76

2

5.

or st

8m 2

or st

m

32

8.

kh

52

8m 2

kh

2

TOTAL MUCH FACADE SURFACE hOW FACADE SURFACE 3880.61 m ISFACADE AVAILABLE FOR GREENING? TYPOLOGY

6.

5.

6.

oe

8.

-B

8m 2 12

32

-B

38

38

.6

2m 2

6m 2

12

ra at

5m 2

6m 2

43

.6

7.

hOW MUCH FACADE SURFACE TOTAL FACADE SURFACE IS AVAILABLE FOR GREENING? 2 3880.61 m

.7

2

.7

43

DE

2

or st

.0

AD

97

m

67

FA CA

kh

2

m

H

48

oe

m

31

-B

76

.7

UT

4m

5m 2

6.

SO .0

2

77

5m 2 97

77

m

8m 2

.0

DE

78

.6

2

77

hOW MUCH FACADE SURFACE IS AVAILABLE FOR GREENING?

9.

43

m

2

.7

9.

78

m x 800mm ------- 5466400 liters / year 6833 6833 m x 800mm ------- 5466400 liters / year 2

71

5m 2

AA T

2

AT

6833.36 m average annual rainfall in Rotterdam : 800mm

2

.0

AA T

RS

72

average annual rainfall in Rotterdam : 800mm

77

TR

HO

.8

4.

HO

EK

2

46

at

2

ER

BO

.6

TR

m

JV

71

FS

31

72

m

2

7.

89

m

19

2.

2

67

.7

Hofbogen facts and most2msuitable sections to apply facade greening 2

25

6.

70

m

2

19

2

29

m

2

TYPE 1 TYPE TYPE111 TYPE

====

TYPE 2 = TYPE TYPE222 == TYPE =

xxxx

TYPE 3 TYPE TYPE333 TYPE

====

TYPE 4 TYPE TYPE444 TYPE

====

Facade greening typologies including options for storm water reuse

The Post-Office ‘SCHOP’-inititative results in a built prototype

Detailed storm water reuse plan and construction scheme by De Urbanisten

ZOHORAINGARDEN (1ST PHASE) The small pop-up ZOHO raingarden illustrates the potential of climate proofing ZOHO. Two parking lots and a large part of the wide sidewalk are turned into a small but sumptuous garden in only two days. The garden is planted with a rich variety of plants that can handle the condition of dry and wet. The facade of Hofbogen is planted with creepers. Left over tiles are reused to make clear edges around the garden and for a storm water gully that meanders through the garden. The raingarden is maintained by the NAS. Year Client Design Status Collaborators

Maintenance Surface area Costs DE URBANISTEN

2014 Initiative by De Urbanisten De Urbanisten Realized Van Dijk Maasland GreenSand Municipal Nursery of Rotterdam NAS (Nico Adriaans Stichting) 100 m2 0 euro Initiative, landscape design, planting, construction supervision

The pop-up ZOHO raingarden in summer 2014

Raingarden overall plan

Raingarden construction drawings

P Sd Cx Cs Eu Vb Pi Sl L H As Sk Vi

Pennisetum alopecuroides Sedum matrona Carex buchananii Cosmos sp Eupatorium cannabinum Verbena bonaerensis Pieris Salvia farinacea Lythrum Hypericum Aster Skimmia Vinca major Hedera Parthenocissus

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i

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2 VP 3 Cs 3 L 4 P 10 Cs 2 L 4

4 CP 4 L 3

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6 V Pi 4 Eu 6 3 HPi 6 Eu 4 k

0.3 5m

Raingarden planting scheme

5m

0.4

4 S Pi 3 H 3

x 5 C Cs 5 s 6L 3 ASL x 3C 6 H P 3 3 SL s 4 H 6 ASL 2 LP 2 4 Eu u s 4 Cs 3 1E 7 C Eu i 3 P 2 P H 3 SL 2 5 Pi 2 1 Eu s s i 1 Cs 2 A Vi 2A 2 PH 2 6 2 As Sl 4 5 P SL 2 Pi Vi 3P i 2 Sl 5 4 4 Cs 6V i 3 2P i 4 P As 2 Sl 6V P 4 3 Eu 4 P EU 4 1 Pi 2

Salvia farinacea

Sedum herbstfreude

Cosmos bipinnatus

50 cm

60 cm

75 cm

Verbena bonariensis

Vinca major

Skimmia japonica

150 cm

30 cm

100 cm

Eupatorium cannabinum 100 cm

Hedera helix

Pieris japonicum 80 cm

P Pennisetum alopecuroides Sd Sedum matrona Cx Carex buchananii Cs Cosmos sp Eu Eupatorium cannabinum Vb Verbena bonaerensis Pi Pieris Sl Salvia farinacea L alopecuroides Lythrum Pennisetum Lythrum salicaria Hypericum hidcote jn-ag 50 cm H 100 cm 90 cm Hypericum As Aster Sk Skimmia Applied raingarden plant-species, adapted to their Vi Vinca major cost-free availabilty at the Municipal Nursery Hedera Parthenocissus

ZOHORAINGARDEN (2ND PHASE) The ZOHO-Raingarden turns an abundance of hard surface and underused parking spaces at the entry of the ZOHO district into a attractive welcome garden. A smart reorganisation of flows takes the cars out of the area and gives full access to cyclists and pedestrians.

Moreover, the raingarden also provides ZOHO with an attractive small park to lunch, linger and enjoy. The raingarden collects rainwater from nearby buildings and public spaces (Katshoek/Hofbogen). The micro topografy of the park guides rain water to the deepest places to slowly infiltrate. A rich variety of plants is tuned into the specific dry-wet conditions.

Year Client Design Status Maintenance Surface area Costs

2014-ongoing City of Rotterdam De Urbanisten Approved plan NAS 2.590 m2 200.000 - 250.000 euro (estimated)

DE URBANISTEN

Initiative, urban and landscape design, supervision

Impression of the ZOHO Raingarden during a cloudburst

BOEKHORSTSTRAAT

A

BENTHEMPLEIN

BOEKHORSTSTRAAT

B

Raingarden watermanagement scheme concerning temporary water storage, infiltration spaces and water flows

BENTHEMPLEIN

HOFBOGEN

regenton

regentuin

Raingarden flooding sequence

HOFBOGEN

green wall

regentuin

polderdak

Section of the Raingarden adjacent to the polderroof

Proposal for reorganisation of traffic circulation to take car movement out of the Raingarden

The proposal for the Raingarden integrates the possibility for trucks to load and unload at the Katshoek building

Research date

Research date

Average occupancy

2013. 11. 05

tuesday 3 ~ 5 pm

2013. 11. 11

monday 3 ~ 5 pm

2013. 11. 19

tuesday 11 ~ 12 am

2013. 11. 20

wednesday 7 ~ 8 pm

2013. 11. 24

sunday 3 ~ 4 pm

not used

41%

Average occupancy

2013. 11. 05

tuesday 3 ~ 5 pm

2013. 11. 11

monday 3 ~ 5 pm

2013. 11. 19

tuesday 11 ~ 12 am

2013. 11. 20

wednesday 7 ~ 8 pm

2013. 11. 24

sunday 3 ~ 4 pm

not used

intensively used

41%

PP Main routes for pedestrians and bycycle traffic.

Coming from the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Luchtsingelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; the Raingarden can become a welcoming touch down into the ZOHO district.

Analysing the intensity of use of parking places. The parking lots where we project the Research date are hardly being used. InAverage occupancy Raingarden, front of the Katshoek building enough overflow not used intensively used car can found to relocate the few more intensively used places.

2013.parking 11. 05 space tuesday 3 ~be 5 pm 2013. 11. 11

monday 3 ~ 5 pm

2013. 11. 19

tuesday 11 ~ 12 am

41%

The Raingarden in springtime, plan and impression

The Raingarden in a cloudburst situation, plan and impression

Differences in sun exposure and water influence generate flora and fauna biodiversity in the Raingarden

wet plants brown frog

dragonfly

wild bee

grass

welcome flower garden butterfly

bumblebee

shadow-climber garden swift

mavis

pipistrelle

450 m2 200 m2 312 m2 1150 m2

Detail of schematic plan on garden proportions and technical elements

FRAMEWORK

Blocks envelope Main Public Spaces

Urban envelope map: Definition of urban block entities, open spaces and vital connections

Main Public Spaces Hierachy of Public Spaces

Climate proof ZOHO is about shaping a resilient structure for the future of the district and not just a random set of projects. The reason that the current emphasis lies on the southern half of ZOHO has to do with pragmatic as well as conceptual reasons. It is here where a sewerage renewal takes place and where creative energy emerges. We deliberately amplify this positive energy to make sure that a vast basis is laid down in the district. From a spatial point of view the southern half is where climate proofing will have most effect, since there is a lot to improve. To create a new structure of public places can reposition ZOHO in the fabric of the city. New pedestrian routes can be made and connected to the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Luchtsingelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; that is taking shape. Car dominance can be limited and clarified in ZOHO. Currently there is an abundance of hard surface fit for cars with little hierarchy. By a selective greening of hard spaces, the main car structures will be more distinct and readable. We propose to emphasize the functional structure of ZOHO, more than its formal structure.

This can also be expressed in defining block envelopes, that provide a framework for possible future transformation.

Connections

structural

local

Public space map: Hierarchy of linear structuring spaces in relation to open spaces for lingering

Connections Blocks Main Public Spaces

Water storage Storage Facilities water facilities Paved Infiltration with bioswale

paved infiltration with bioswale

Green Infiltration Area

green infiltration area

Dettached Area (buildings & pavements)

detached area (buildings & pavement) green Greenroof Roof

Underground water Water Flow underground flow water Water flow Flow area furtherOptimization optimization&&Research research Area for for further

Hierachy of Public Spaces Main Public Spaces

ZOHO Climate map 2020

ZOHO-PARK

AMMERSOOISEPLEIN

RAINGARDEN

HOFPLEIN STATION & MINI MALL a vibrant place full of ‘city life’

STATION HOFPLEIN & MINI MALL

ZOHO-POCKET PARK

a meeting place for the neighbourhood

RAINGARDEN

a welcome garden for the ZOHO-district

A diverse sequence of future public places for ZOHO form a logical structure

ZOHO Climate perspective 2020 A wide range of easy-to-apply climate adaptive measures ...

Green aquapuncture

Watersquare Benthemplein

Green Hofbogen Rooftop park: Dakakkers ZoHo Rainbarrel Rooftop park: Hofbogen / Luchtsingel

Permeable paving street

Waterrobust street design

Robust open water

Rain Garden Green aquapuncture Waterrobust street design Pompenburg park

Polderroof

ROTTERDAM CLIMATE PROOF

Reclaiming and activating Multilevel green structure Economic stimulus

... create an attractive future perspective

Benthemplein & Zohokwartier & Hofbogen Creating added value

Mixed use urbanity Green structure Community building

Urban delta work Active space for youth Innovative public space

Creative incubator Economic stimulus Stakeholders HUB Social placemaking Mixed use urbanity Cultural life

Neighborhood facilities Community building Social gathering

Enhancing historical structure Green axis on city scale Increasing biodiversity

Green placemaking Increasing biodiversity Community building Green structure Softening car traffic Enhancing social interaction

Informal meeting place Mixed used urbanity Space for healthy relaxation Innovative permaculture New public private partnerships Community building

Safe space for children Friendly and green residential environment Enhancing social interaction

Colofon De Urbanisten Jufferstraat 21 3001 XL Rotterdam The Netherlands tel: +31 6 50 20 10 80 info@urbanisten.nl www.urbanisten.nl Contact: dirkvanpeijpe@urbanisten.nl Team De Urbanisten: Dirk van Peijpe Florian Boer Duong Bui Eduardo Marin Salinas Jesus Martin Hurtado Jinyeong Seo Auke Wissing

Making ZOHO into an attractive and climateproof district is only possible with the help of dedicated people and organisations. We especially like to thank: ACO / AIR / Basement bv / Binder Groenprojecten / Buurtsuper / Codum / Doepel Strijkers Architects / De Dakdokters / Erasmus University, IHS / Fien Dekker Ontwerp / Foodcurators / Gare du Nord, Hans Kervezee / Greensand / Havensteder / Het Een en Ander (Yasemin Sengil) / Hofbogen bv / Waterboard of Schieland and Krimpenerwaard / Ik Ben ZoHo / Komplot / Nico Adriaans Stichting (NAS) / Participants Workshops Watersquare Benthemplein / Post-Office / Roodkapje / Rooftop Solutions Amsterdam / Rotterdam Municipality: Borough of Noord, Planning Department, Engineering Bureau, Maintenance Department, Rotterdam Climate Initiative / Seven Seasons / Stipo / Spin developers / Studio Bas Sala / Superuse Studio / Technical University Delft / Valorisation program Delta technology & Water / Van Dijk Maasland / Van Schagen Architects / Viltmannen / Wallaard / Willem de Kooning Academy / ZOHO-reset / ZUS

For more information: Jufferstraat 21 3011 XL Rotterdam Netherlands E: info@urbanisten.nl T: +31650201080 W: www.urbanisten.nl