The following are some of the most important rules pertaining to (a) When the ا ٌْىَاوor
اإلِػِالَي:
اٌَُْاءis vowelled and preceded by a letter bearing a َفرِذَح, it is
transformed into an ( ؤٌَٔفand it does not matter whether the
األٌَٔفis written as one or
as a dot-less ) ََاء, like: " "دَػَاwhich was originally "َػى َ َ"د, and "َ "لَايwhich was originally
"َ " َلىَيor "ًَِ" َسwhich was originally "ٌ َ َََ "سand " َ "تَاعwhich was originally " َ "َتَُغ, all of which are on the pattern of
" ًََ " َفؼbut because the اٌْىَاوand اٌَُْاءis vowelled and
preceded by a letter bearing a form of the
َفرِذَح, they were transformed into an ؤٌَٔف. The original
األٌَٔفcan be determined from the اٌْ ٔفؼًِ اٌْ ُّؼَاسِعand/or the ظذَس ِ َّ ٌْ ا, for
example:
""دَ ِػىَجً" – "َذِ ُػىِ" – "دَػَا "َ" َلىِالً" – "َ ُمىِيُ" – "لَاي "ًَِ" َسُِِاً" – "َ ِشٍِِٔ" – " َس "َ"َتُِؼاً" – "َِثُِغُ" – "تَاع (b) When the ا ٌْىَاوis unvowelled and occurs after a وغِشَج َ , it is transformed into a ََاء, like:
" " ِٔ ُِؼَادwhich was originally " " ِٔىِػَاد, and "ْ " ُِِٔضَاwhich was originally "ْ " ِٔ ِىصَا, but اٌْىَاو
because the
in each case is unvowelled and occurs after a
transformed into a ََاء. The original form of the
َوغِشَج
, it is
اٌَُْاءcan be determined from the ًِاٌْ ٔفؼ
ٍِٔ اٌَّْاػand/or the ظذَس ِ َّ ٌْ ا, for example: "َ"وَػِذاً" – "َ ٔؼ ُذ" – "وَ َػذ "ََْ" َوصِٔاً" – "َضِ ُْ" – " َوص (c) When the
اٌَُْاءis unvowelled and occurs after a عِٖح َ , it is transformed into a وَاو,
like: "ُٓٔ "َُىِلwhich was originally "ُٓٔ "َُ ُِم, and " because the second transformed into a
ُ "َُىِعٔشwhich was originally " ُ "َُ ُِغِش, but
اٌَُْاءin each case is unvowelled and occurs after a ػَّٖح, it is
وَاو. We know the original form of the اٌْىَاوto be a ََاءbecause of
the ٍِٔ اٌَّْاػbeing "ََٓ "ؤََِمand "َ "ؤَ َِغَشrespectively and the
ظذَس ِ َّ ٌْ اof the root form being
"ُِٓ "اٌَُْ ٔمand " "اٌُْغِشrespectively. (d) When the
األٌَٔف
(which is always unvowelled) occurs after a
transformed into an unvowelled
َوغِشَج
, it is
ََاء, like: " " َِظَاِتُِخwhich was originally " " َِظَاتِاح, but 20