The scientific revolution and enlightenment study guide

Test Study Guide The Scientific Revolution, The Enlightenment After you study you should be able to: • Compare the medieval world view with the scientific world view (part one of study guide) •Explain the key ideas of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment (part two of study guide) •Explain and compare the main ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers we studied (part three of study guide) Part One: Medieval World View vs Scientific World View Before the Scientific Revolution, what did most people in Europe think about the following: the universe how to explain things people didn’t understand how to solve problems how kings got their power After the Scientific Revolution, what did most scholars in Europe think about the following: the universe how to explain things people didn’t understand how to solve problems how governments got their power Part Two: The Scientific Revolution & the Enlightenment Define the Scientific Revolution

What were the main accomplishments of the following scientists?

Nicolaus Copernicus Francis Bacon Isaac Newton Andreas Vesalius Robert Hooke William Harvey What did Gallileo prove? What happened to him as a result? What did this show about the power of the Catholic Church at the time?

What was the Enlightenment? What ideas and values did most Enlightenment thinkers share?

What was Deism? Why were many Enlightenment thinkers Deists?

Briefly define: natural law

social contract

general will

salon Part three: What were the main ideas of the following philosophers?

1. Thomas Hobbes Leviathan his view on human nature his ideal government & why what was new about his thinking

2. John Locke his view on human nature his idea of natural rights his ideal government his view of revolution

what was new about his thinking

3. Voltaire his views on god and the universe

what his disliked

his view of human beings

his ideal government

4. Mary Wollstonecraft her views on men her views on women

her goal

how to reach her goal 5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau his view of human nature

his view of society

his ideal government

how his idea of the social contract differed from Locke’s