Unit5_Technological development of the project

CHANCE ENCOUNTER

ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY 3

UNIT 5: LIVEABLE URBANISM TUTOR: Shibu Raman Jaime Roldán Pérez C2098149

INTRODUCTION Architectural Technology 3

PROGRAME The main programme is a tourism centre located in the plot as shown in the site plan. The promenade will include some reciving point and spaces that will bring the economy back to the locals.

The intent of my project is to crate a labyrinth that will bring the visitor thoright the different spaces having each journey a difference sperience. There are different journeys along the building that leads to the different program included. This includes public spaces, kitchen, workshop, cinema room, food points, food banks, local history exhibition centers, among others. The building shape creates a unique journey where you are going to meetpeople as a chance encounter and start learning a new culture.

The proposal also includes several interventions along the canal, at different specifical points that are going to break this natural division created since the 16th century. This catalyst project is going to be able to create an infrastructure that will connect all Fort Kochi and stop the hierarchical division that is being created that is causing this increase in the unemployment rate.

BUILDING ARRANGEMENT XIII LIVEABLE URBANISM

XIII LIVEABLE URBANISM

Fort Kochi, Eraveli Canal, -1. 5 m below surface

Fort Kochi, Eraveli Canal, +1 m above surface

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Crop region for first floor level

Crop region for ground floor level LEGEND: 1. Tourist receiving point 2. Bike rack 3. Food bank 4. Workshop 5. Storage room 6. Toilets 7. Poblic green space

-1. 5m 7

10

8

+4.74 m

LEGEND: 1. Exhibition centre 2. Storage room 3. Research and libriary centre 4. Toilets 5. Food points 6. Cafeteria 7. Workshop 8. Cinema room 9. Toilets 10. Public green space 11. Car point

6

7

4

5

+4.44 m

+3.46 m

3 6

4

9

5

SITE CONTEXT

+ 3.03 m

3 + 1.9 m 1

1

2

The site is located in Fort Kochi, Kerala, India which use to be a general tourism spot centre in this emerging city. The original site plot was a plot with an abandoned house in the lower left corner as positioned on the site plan above.

+ 3.06 m

11

2

11

11 0m

Fort Kochi is dived into two influential areas, the north and east of the island, where all the comanies are exploiting the coastal line and, the interior land where the commerce and the residences are located. The proposal is located in the second one, close to Eraveli Canal that is located in front of the building.

Sourronding the proposal through the right we can find some residences and mosques. In the rear, the State Bank of Inida is located. Crossing the road throught the right a port storage area is preventing the view towards the canal Edakochi Kayal.

The idea of further using the plot at end of the street towards hte canal to be part of the project come to mind. The building would act as a connector between the influential areas by means of the Eraveli Canal.

N

1. Tourist receiving point 2. Bike rack 3. Food bank 4. Workshop

0

5

10 m

5. Storage room 6. Toilets 7. Public green spaces

XIII LIVEABLE URBANISM

0

N

1. Exhibition centre 2. Storage room 3. Research and libriary centre 4. Toilets 5. Food points 6. Cafeteria

5

7. Workshop 8. Cinemaroom 9. Toilets 10. Public green spaces 11. Car point

10 m

XIII LIVEABLE URBANISM

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

Fort Kochi, Eraveli Canal, +3 m above surface

Fort Kochi, Eraveli Canal, +6 m above surface

CONCEPT The main concept of my project is to bring the two influential areas together and unify local economy with tourism. A place where there will be an interactionbetween both.

Everyone will get something in exchange. Tourist are going to learn Kochi’s history and culture and locals are going to get the economy recovery in exchange.

Crop region for second floor level

Crop region for third floor level

LEGEND: 1. Office room 2. Toilets 3. Meeting points 4. Public kitchens 5. Polyvalent space 6. Cafeteria

LEGEND: 1. Open space 2. open space gym 3. Open space kitchen 4. History exhibition centre

+3.46 m

+4.74 m

-1.5 m

+9.13 m

-1.5 m

3 +4.44 m

4

+3.46 m

+12.33 m

The proposal is a new type of tourism, where locals are going to organize and lead a building where people are going to relate to a culture they do not know. Tourist are going to stay at local houses, creating a unique journey where they will meet locals that will mark its unique experience.

+7.08 m 3

2

+5.93 m 5

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+11.26 m 1

+8.08 m

1

+11.26 m

4

CLIMATE The climate graph shows the seasonal fluctuations in precipitations and temperature variations in Kochi. The overall weather is colder in winter months and the precipitations occurs in summer months.

One of the project objectives is store the rainfall precipitations in the building and carry them thorought the instalations for serving the water supplies and filter the canal with clear water. This will help to have a water infrastuctures in the dry months of the year.

Source: https://weatherpark.com/y/33079/Average-Weather-in-Fort-Kochi-India-Year-Round

N

1. Office room 2. Toilets 3. Meeting points

0

4. Public kitchens 5. Polyvalent space 6. Cafeteria

5

10 m

N

1. Open space 2. Open space gym 3. Open space kitchen 4. History exhibition centre

0

5

10 m

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Architectural Technology 3

The main aim of the building is to gain an open space where natural light can pass throught the different levels and public spaces of the building.

INITIAL ANALISIS OF THE STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT DATA

Some of the spaces have double ceilings and clear spans for an open plan.

The use of concrete is important for having a connection to the rest of the city infrastucture and it need to weight the loads of the water and the plants in the main façades.

MOMENT CALCULATIONS (drawing below) Retraction force at D=W For total loads at point D, Load, F = dead load + imposed load

Clear span: 12m Primary beams: 6.5m intervals Typical ceilings height: 3.5m Maximum ceiling heights: 6 m

One of the main challenges of the structure is carring the loads of the slopping roof that has a broken shape for letting the water and the light travel through it.

Dead loads: for solids slabs accordinf to Concrete Frame Elements to Eurocode ¡i, a span of 6.5

6m

6.5m

6.5m

7m

6m

7m

6.5m

6.5m

m will require 200m depht for a maximum

Load at beam A = 0.5 x area AB x (unit load + water load + roof load) =

= 0.5 x [12 x ( 3 x 5 ) ] x (4.191 + 2 + 0.6) = 611. 19 kN

load of 10.0 kN/m2

requiring 15% of reinforcement.

Left weight of concrete c30/37=25kN/m3 Volume needed per structural grid 6m

6.5m

6.5m

7m

6m

7m

6.5m

= 6.5 x 3.0 x 0.2 = 3.9 m3

6.5m

Total volume weight = 25 x 3.9 = 97.5 kN Weight per m2= 5 kN/m2

PROPOSAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

Imposed loads:

The distance between the primary beams is changing varing from 6 to 7 m depending on the program and the structural span that the space needs.

The use of structural concrete helps to have less columns.

Programs including C1- dinning hall, C2 - Conference room, C3 - non mooving spaces as museums or exhibition rooms, C5 - stands or terraces. Therefore, the largest spected loads fot this kind of activities is: Qk [kN]= 3.6 - 4.5 kN.

These columns are supported by different beams located in platforms at different height that helps with the vertical bracing of the structure.

Imposed loads on roofs not accesible except for normal manteinance and repair 0.6 kN/m2.

Load of wall AC = area AC x unit load =

= (12 x 5) x 8,989 = 539.34 kN

requiring 5% of reinforcement.

Load of wall ACD = area ACD x unit load =

= (12 x 0.5 x 1.5) x 8,989 = 323.6 kN

Load of slab CD = area CD x (unit load + imposed load) =

= (12 x 0.5) x (8,035 + 4.5) = 75.21 kN

Load of window AC = area of window x unit load =

= (3 x 9) x 0.006 = 0.162 kN

Total load: 611.16 + 539.34 + 2 (323.6) + 75.21 + 0.162 = 1873.072 kN Maximum moment: Md= -WL/2 = - (1873.02 x 1.5 /2) = -1404.77 kN B

A

C

Source: Economic Concrete Frame Elements to Eurocode 2 Approved Document A

D

E

DETAIL ANALYSIS Architectural Technology 3 Drying layer, floridrain LHD

Popcorn partitions

Mineral wool isolator

Vegetation

7 cm of sand

Mineral wool e=40 mm

Draining layer, floradrain

Plywood and concrete beam

Plywood and concrete pillar 1/2 feet

Acoustic isolation

Filter layer

Gripping mortar

Mortar layer

Façade cladding bib

Heat and rain isolation

Perimetral band

Drain layer, floradrain

Semi-vaulted and vaulted slab Thermal isolator

Geotextile over propylene insulation 125 g/m2

Surface mortar aquapanel with mesh Heat islolation

L.H.S

thermal isolation e=10cm

Canal GRC 50 x40

Geotextile over PVC poliester layer 200 g/m2

Thermal isolation e=10cm

Plastered e=10cm

Plastered e=10cm

Structural concrete pillar barse=10mm

Thermal isolation e=10cm

Regulation mortar

Regulation mortat /Users/jaime/Downloads/ventana-techo-inclinado-instalacion-basica-GGL-slate-EDL.dwg, Tue May 18 01:02:10 2021, NoneCVHIDE6967.PC3

Assembly of negatives

Constructive datail of inclined roof scale 1:10

Mineral wool isolation e=50 mm

Joits and vaults

Window glass

U-Value Calculations U- Value External Walls Constructive datail of vegetable oil scale 1:10

U- Value= 1/ resistance = 0.212 W/m2K 15 mm tiling with concrete effect

terrain

100mm concrete ground slab

19mm of drainage mat

5mm

U- Value Floor

100 mm rigid foam insulation

bituminous waterproof membrane

5mm bituminous waterproof membrane

Cast in placeconcrete foundation wall with concrete footing

150 mm reinforced concrete structural

Thermal insulator

regulation mortar

L.H.S

The U- values calculated would be smaller than the actual thermal transmittance that occurs in real situations due to the ventilation in the construction. This is caused due to air flow through gaps and cracks causing thermal insulation uneffective.

However, accodring to this calculations compared to requirements in approved documents L2A, roof, external walls and floor would connect the suggested statements of 0.14, 0.22 and 0.18 W/m2K respectively.

U- Value= 1/ resistance = 0.174 W/m2K

Plastered e=10cm terrain

U- Value Floor

Source: Ket Kastel/ HVDN Architects Science Centre Amsterdam Netherlands. https://hyperphysics. phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/ Tables/thren.html

Constructive datail of ground junction scale 1:10 /Users/jaime/Desktop/entrega final tech/structure.dwg, Mon Aug

2 21:09:41 2021, NoneCVHIDE4073.PC3

U- Value= 1/ resistance = 0.093 W/m2K

BUILDING PERFORMANCE Architectural Technology 3

LIGHTING

The building performance portion that I have decidded to analyze is the first floor where the polyvalent space, workshop and cafeteria are located, as this spaces are the more challenging for the building.

A few lighting models were tested , but the final design uses skylights that have light diffusing coffers that prevents dirent sunlight into spaces. Despite multiples tries, it seems that the stairwall is not able to bring enough light to the second floor during certaint times of the day in december. Thus, additional lights would need to be installed to meet the required standards of a 100 lux.

TECHNICAL CHALLENGES There is a deeper plan, and the plans are constricted thus making lighting and rain thr central part of the building an issue.

The buildings need to mantain the silence and magic to maintain the proierites of the labyrinth.

ACCOUSTICS The reverberation time chart for the workshop room can be find below.

XIII LIVEABLE URBANISM

VENTILATION AND SUSTAINABILITY CO0NCEPTS NATURAL VENTILATION Cross ventilation occurs on each floor ehile lovers were placed on the wall of the skylight to allow warm air to escape the building resulting in stack ventilation.

RT60= 0.161 / (V/Aeq) Volume = 730.4 m3 Reverberation time at 500Hz = 0.161 x (730.4 / 140.24) = 0. 839 s Reverberation time at 4000Hz = 0.161 x (730.4 / 111.57) = 1.054 s

NATURAL DAYLIGHT Perforated concrete wlalls have been used on north and south façades to allow sunlight but also mantaining privacy of occupants.

ATRIUM SKYLIGHT Deep plans cause lack of sunlight. The skylight helps bring in sunlight to brighten up the space. Furthermore, this helps to avoid reflection in the exhibition/polvalent space

The suggested reverberation time for a workshop room is 1.0 s. Overall, the time at 500Hz is slightly lower than the suggested timing, which might still be acepted as a value higher would result in echios amd distort OUND FLOOR PLAN the sound produced inside.

BLE URBANISM

FIRE STAIRS Fire concrete rated is been used for the stairwell to allow sunlight to shine into the corridors to brighten up the space while maintaining the stairs integrity of being an escape route.

RAIN WATER COLLECTION Rain water is callected and store for toilets as well as supplied on the street for gardening to give back to the community along the streets.

, Eraveli Canal, -1. 5 m below surface

Accoustic plaster panels have been choosen to cover the walls of the space to prevent noisy vibrations at lower frequences and to avoid the sound go beyond the room.

Crop region for ground floor level LEGEND: 1. Tourist receiving point 2. Bike rack 3. Food bank 4. Workshop 5. Storage room 6. Toilets 7. Poblic green space 7 4

3 6 5

1

2

FAÇAE DETAILS.

Fresh air inlet is placed on the south façades althought most of the ait is coming from a west direction, the front of the building has a high traffic flow which renders the airs clean due to the flows produced by the sea.

Exhaust outlet is produced on the other side of the building to prevent contaminated air to be stucked in the building. So main exit of contaminated air is located in the back part of the building.

Source: CIBSE Guide A- Enviromental Dessign CIBSE Guide G Code for lighting Professor Ian Knight, WSA, Energy Balance Sheet, https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/metabolic-heat-persons-d_706.html

AIR HANDILING UNIT The air handeler uses heat. To recover thr exhaust air to tempeer the incoming ventilation air. The conditioned air is delivered back into the building.

Seperate AHU on each floor have been provided as not all of the building would be in use at the same time thus potentially conserving energy.

BUILDING SERVICES Architectural Technology 3

THERMAL PERFORMANCE - TEST FOR A SINGLE ROOM OPERATING HOURS

HEATING DEMAND PERFORMANCE

As the cafeteria is not allways occupied throught the day I have assumed that there are three moments in the day where there would be full capacity, breakfast (7 am - 10 am ), lunch (1 pm - 3 pm) and dinner (6 pm - 11 pm). The other hours in between are used for cleanning and prepearing the food.

DUCT SIZING I have choosen to look the duct sizing of the cafeteria as its the largest in space and in occupancy in the hole building.

Desired internal temperature -> 21 - 23ºC in winter & 24 - 25 ºC in summer

DATA Internal gains Occupancy of 80 commensals and 30 staff 115 x 80 + 160 x 30 = 1,4000

kitchen (commercial)

Lighting -> approx calculation lux required is 100 - 150 lux

Museums and galleries Exhibition halls restaurants/ dinning rooms

area -> 17 x 4.3 = 73.1 m2 Llumens -> 73.1 x 150 = 10,965 14000

assuming a LED light buln as a brightness of 1000 lumens.

We would need 10 lights.

Total wattage needed 10 bulbs x 13 W = 130 W Wattaage for food stands: ( 6 stands x 3 lights) x 30 W = 540 w TOTAL : 670 W *Small power: this has been included for facitlities such as kitchens, electrical supplies...

Exit to rear road

FIRE SAFETY PERFORMANCE Most of the building has open arrangement, with connections through platforms. The main probelem to solve was to find firestairs in the building as the largest part of the building is 32 m long. As a result, evacuation stairs have added to the design of the building to easen the exit in case of emergency.

10m

Conceleade cealing fire curtains have been included as a solution to isolate staircases to atrium an secondary scape route. On the ground floor there are three points of exit to different roads, the main one leads to a principary road towards Eraveli canal, where people could assemble.

DUST SIZING CALCULATIONS Air supply calculations

Total air supply ->

10 x 115 = 111.5 L/s = 1.15 m3/ s

Exit to side road

6m

The maximum travel distances have been measured. On each floot there are more than two possible routes for scape.

Maximum occupancy in cafereria: 80 commensals + 35 waitress = 115 pax

10m 8m

The main fire stairs straight towards the main road for a direct access.

Suggested air supply rate: 10 L/s

12m

Exit to main road

Required cross sectional area of ductwork Main duct ->

1.15 / 7.5 = 0.153 m2

Branch ->

1.15 / 6.0 = 0.192 m2

Diffuser Area ->

1.15 / 3.5 = 0.329 m2

By using velocities that vary within the ducts, space is able to be conserved as the main and brunch ducts can be bigger in size. Howaver, there will be a change in the pressure as the air travels towards the diffuser due to the difference in area. Thus, the air has to supply a lower pressure from the handling unit in order to overcome friction.

Nº of air change -> total air supply rate / room value x 3600 = [ 1.15 / ( 22 x 17 x 4.3 ) ] x 3600 =

2.57 ac/h

There are two exits for the polyvalent space and food bank room, as in the polyvalent space/ workshop / restaurant... people could be sitted in rows or desks distance has to be within 15m and this has been meassured.

8m

The maximum occupancy of the building is arround 500 thus each main exit route has a minmum width of 1500mm.

Each stair has a width of 1200 mm. On each flloor a wheelchair space have beel alocated at fire points for refuge.

Source: CIBSE Guide A- Enviromental Dessign Professor Ian Knight, WSA, Energy Balance Sheet, https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/metabolic-heat-persons-d_706.html

3m

20m 6m