Real and Reactive Power Compensation by using Diode Clamped Multilevel Inverter based STATCOM

2. STATIC SYNCHRONOUS COMPENSATOR (STATCOM)

AtpresentStaticcompensators(STATCOM)are playingmajorroleinthemaintainingthevoltagestabilityof thetransmissionlines.Toreducetheripplecontentinthe output waveform of the STATCOM multilevel inverter topologiesareused.Themajorrequirementofthereactive powerdemandforinductivetypeofloadistomitigatedby STATCOM to reduce the burden along with the reactive power,realpowerisalsorequiredtobeprovidedtoreduce theeffectofvoltagedropbeingcausedbytheresistanceof the Transmission lines. STATCOM is a power electronics withmultilevelratingtransmissionpower.multilevelSTATCOMcompensationbebasedshuntconnectedcompensatingdevicewhichprovestoveryusefultoprovidereactiveandrealpowerinthedistributionline.Inthispaper,usingwiththeintegrationofDiodeclampedthreelevelinverterisusedtosupplybothrealandreactiveTheresultsareverifiedMATLAB/SIMULINKalineof25KVsisusedandwithSTATCOMof+/1MVAisused.Theresultsshowsthattheinvertermaintainsvoltagestabilityoftheloadlessharmoniccontentinvoltagewaveforms

1Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UCEK, JNTU Kakinada, India

INTRODUCTION

The basic structure of the STATCOM is converter that producesasynchronoussinusoidalvoltage.Voltagesource Inverter(VSI)aremostlyusedintheapplicationof the

2M.Tech, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UCEK, JNTU Kakinada, India ***

continuouspowerflowcontrolandpowersystemstability improvement [1]. The interaction between the ACsystem voltage and the inverter composed voltage provides the control of the STATCOM var output. When these two simultaneousshowsovertwoBridge(CHB).clippedsourcegatheringsForwhichmethodsMultilevelstaggeredTheoptionanmediumhascanDCforwhileuppowerfulrequirehighNumerousoutputapplicationsTheoneandvariousactivevoltagesaresynchronizedandhavethesameamplitude,theandreactivepoweroutputsarezero.Thereareconverterconfigurationsavailableforbothsinglethreephaseapplications:Thesinglephasehalfbridgeisalegconvertorconsistingoftwoswitchingelements.HbridgeVSCismostpopularforsinglephasebecausewiththesameDCinputvoltagetheofthefullbridgeistwicethatofthehalfbridgemechanicalapplicationshavestartedtorequirepowerasoflateSomemachinesintheventuresanywaymediumorhighpowerfortheiractivity.Utilizingahotspotforeverysinglemechanicalloadmayendbeingvaluabletoafewenginesrequiringhighpoweritmightharmalternateburdens.Invertersareutilizedsomeapplications,asincircumstanceswherelowvoltagesourcesmustbechangedoverwiththegoalthatgadgetskeeprunningoffofACcontrol.Thestaggeredinverterbeenpresentedsince1975asoptioninhighpowerandvoltagesituationsthestaggeredinverterresemblesinverteranditisutilizedformodernapplicationsasaninhighpowerandmediumvoltagecircumstances.staggeredinvertercomprisesofafewswitches.Intheinverterthegameplanswitchesedgesarecriticalinvertergoesuptohighexchangingvoltagebyforaprogressionofvoltagesteps,everyoneofisrelyupontheratingofintensitygadgetsseparately.staggeredinverter,afewtopologiesareorderedintworelyinguponthequantityofautonomousdcThemostwellknownworkingtopologiesarediode(NPC),flyingcapacitor(FC)andCascadedHANPCinverterisfundamentallymadeoutofordinarytwolevelvoltagesourceinverterstackedaretheotherwithsomeminoradjustments.Thispapertheregulationofvoltageacrosstheloadwithbothcontrolofrealandreactivepowercontrol[2].

Real and Reactive Power Compensation by using Diode Clamped Multilevel Inverter based STATCOM Dr. T. Murali Mohan1, G. Manohar Brahmam2

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1599

Key Words: Power quality, voltage sag, Voltage swell, STATCOM, Multilevel inverter, Diode clamped multilevel inverter,Simulink 1. Theexponentialgrowthintheelectricalenergyusage daybyday,combinedwithdemandforlowcostenergy,has gradually led to the development of generation sites remotely located from the load centre. The usage of lineincreasereactivethesource.compensatorcompetitivethyristor(STATCOM),requirement.withstabiliseplaces.istransmissionlinestoconnectgeneratingsitestoloadcentresrequiredforthegenerationofbulkelectricityatremoteActiveregulationofreactivepowerisrequiredtothepowersystemandsustainthesupplyvoltagelongdistanceacpowertransmissionandloadpowerThestaticsynchronouscompensatorwhichusesvoltagesourceinvertersinsteadofcontrolledreactors,hasbeenapprovedasaalternativetothetraditionalstaticvar(SVC).STATCOMactsasasynchronousvoltageItcanprovidereactivepowercompensationwithoutdependenceontheacsystemvoltage.Bycontrollingthepower,aSTATCOMcanstabilizethepowersystem,themaximumactivepowerflowandregulatethevoltages.FasterresponsemakesSTATCOMsuitablefor

Abstract -

Themosteconomicalandpracticalconfiguration thatispresentlyutilizedandsuggested. High power utility applications are multiphase converters. Therealpowersuppliedbythedclinkcapacitoriszero,thusit suppliesonlytherequiredreactivepowerdependuponthe control phase and magnitude of the gating pulses of the statcomsincereactivepoweratzerofrequencyi.e.Capacitor waveformsystem.thecurrentisthetotheimportantcreatedNonetheless,ofphasespowerinvoltageisbydefinitionzero,thedccapacitorhasnoinfluencetheresponsivepowerage.Inotherwords,thereactivegenerationisduetotheinterconnectionoftheACbytheconverterinsuchawaythatthereactivepowertheACsystemcanflowfreelyfromtheACphases.despitethefactthatreactivepowerisinsidebytheactivityofsolidstateswitches,itisasyettohavesomesomewhatlittledccapacitoracrossterminalsoftheconverter[3].Therequirementforthedccapacitorisprincipallyneededfulfilthebalancebetweentheinputandoutputpowersofconverter.Theresultvoltagewaveformoftheconverternotanidealsinewave,smoothwavenearlytoosinusoidalisachievedthroughtheuseofmultileveltopologiesinstatcomthroughthetiereactanceofthetransmissionAsaresultofreducedripplecontentintheoutputthenetthreephasepowerhaslessripples.

2. 1. Basic operation of STATCOM

(Vc 2 -VcVs*cosα)/X (3)

voltage X

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From Fig. 1 shows that STATCOM consists of a power powertransmissionsystemvoltagethetheinaloneandtheythepowerthethroughsourcesprinciplethesynchronizedphasereactivewhichwhichinverter)theelectronicdevicewhichconvertstheD.CtotheA.Cknownasinvertergenerallythreephaseinverter(generallyaPWMusingSCRs,MOSFETsorIGBTs,adccapacitorprovidesthedcvoltagefortheinverter,atransformeractsasaleakageinductancewhichplaysmajorroleinpowerflow.Fromthedcsidecapacitor,athreevoltageisgeneratedbytheinverter.Thisiswiththeacsupply.TheleakageinductorlinksinverterD.Cvoltagetotheacsupplyside.ThebasicofoperationofSTATCOMisthat,fortwoacwhichhavethesamefrequencyandareconnectedaseriesinductance,theactivepowerflowsfromleadingsourcetothelaggingsourceandthereactiveflowsfromthehighervoltagemagnitudesourcetolowervoltage[2].InconventionalconverterswhichistwolevelinverterdonothavethecapabilityofvoltagemagnitudecontrolonlythephaseangleoftheACoutputwaveformcanbecontrolledbythegatingpulsesofthestatcom.ButmultilevelinverterthereisacapabilityofcontrollingbothmagnitudeoftheACoutputwaveformandphaseangleofoutputACvoltagewaveformVoltage(Vs)istheACgeneratedfromthestatcomandthetransmissionvoltage(Vt).IfVslagsVt,realpowerflowsfromsystemtodcside.SimilarlyifVsleadsVt,realflowsfromthedcsidetothetransmissionsystem.

voltage Vs is theAC

/x

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net statcoms.

Fig 1: BlockdiagramofSTATCOM 2.2. Power flow equations of STATCOM Diode clamped MLI based STATCOM is connected to the linethroughcouplingtransformer.TheVSCandacapacitor connectedatDCside.HereathreeleveldiodeclampedMLIis equationusedasstatcomasshowninfig2.Thecurrentflowingfromthestatcomisderivedfromthebelowas,Ic=(VcVs) (1) followsActivepowerfromthestatcomisgivenbytheequationasP=(Vc*Vs/x) (2) Reactivepowerfromthestatcomisgivenbytheequation asfollowsQ= Where Vc istheinverteroutputAC bus istheleakagereactanceofcouplingtransformer α isthephaseanglebetween Vs and Vc Ic is powersystem.themagnitudeofSTATCOMcurrentinjectingintotheFromtheaboveequations(1),(2),(3)itrepresentstheflowequationsfromthestatcom. Factor value: 7.529 9001:2008

*sinα

Thereforetherealpowerexchangeisafunctionofphase displacement(Δα).

Table 1: SwitchingstatesofDC MLI SwitchState State PoleVoltage

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3. Multilevel inverter topologies

T3=ON,T4T1=OFF,T2=ON=OFF S=0 Vao=0

Fig 3: SinglelegofthreelevelDiodeclampedmultilevelinverter

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T1=OFF,T2=OFF, T3=ON,T4=ON S= VE Vao= Vdc/2

At any time a set of two switches is on for a three level inverter.Table.1showstheswitchingstatesinonepartofthe three leveldiodeclampedmultilevel inverter.Inathreelevel diode clamped inverter, there are three altered achievable switching states which are allowed to obtain the stepped waveformnearertosinewaveonoutputvoltagerelatingtoDC linkcapacitorvoltagevalue.

There are mainly three different multilevel converter structuresarewidelyusedinindustrialapplications. Theyare i. Diodeclampedinverter ii. Flyingcapacitormultilevelinverter iii. Cascaded H bridge converter with separate dc sources. The circuit design is more complex, as the presenceof large number of switches in the circuit, the control of the inverter.andvoltagevoltageasinverter,neutralchangeobtainedofswitchesincircuitiscomplicatedtoobtaintheoutputvoltagedifferentlevelswithsmootheroutputwaveforms.Thewaveformhasdecreasedharmonicdistortionsandinvoltagepersecondacrosseachswitchisreduced.Diodeclampedinverterwhichisalsocommonlycalledasfedinverterismostcommonlyusedmultileveltoachievestepsinoutputvoltagethediodeisusedclampingdevicewhichishelpfultoclampthedcbusbustogetdifferentlevels.Thus,diodeisusedtolimitthestress.InthistopologytherearetwopairsofswitchestwodiodeareconsistsinathreeleveldiodeclampedThevoltageacrosseachcapacitorandeachswitchis

Fig 2:

Vdc. The quality of the output voltage is improved by increasing the number of voltage levels and the voltage waveform becomes closer to sinusoidal waveform. The diodes used to provide access to mid point voltage and all switch pairs work in complimentary mode. The DC bus voltage is divided into three voltage levels with the help of twoseriesconnections ofDCcapacitors,C1andC2.Withthe assistance of the clamped diodes the voltage stress across each power electronic switch is inclined toward Vdc. It is assumed that the absolute dc link voltage is Vdc and mid point is synchronized at half of the dc interface voltage, the voltage across every capacitor is Vdc/2 (Vc1=Vc2=Vdc/2). In a diode clamped three level inverter, there are three unique possibleswitchingstates.Onlytwoswitchesisonforathree levelinverteratanyinstantoftime[6].

gridstatcomnegativversamagnitudeflowstatcomstatcomstatcomflowFromSchematicdiagramofSTATCOMwithpowersystemtheequation(2)itshowsthat,theactivepowerfromthestatcomispositivewhengridvoltageleadsthevoltageviceversatheactivepowerflowfromtheismadenegativebymakinggridvoltagelagsthevoltageie..,statcomsuppliesrealpowertothegrid.Fromtheequation(3)itshowsthat,thereactivepowerfromthestatcomismadepositivewhengridvoltageislargerthanthestatcomvoltagemagnitude,vicethereactivepowerflowfromthestatcomismadeebymakinggridvoltagemagnitudelessthanthevoltageie..,statcomsuppliesreactivepowertothe[3].

T3=OFF,T4=OFFT1=ON,T2=ON S=+VE Vao=Vdc/2

V (n)isgivenas: V (n)= V ∗(n) V (n 1) (4) Theoutputofthe

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

Figure 4 shows the internal view of Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRF) control strategy for STATCOM.InthiscontrolstrategytheSRF basedSTATCOM control technique is used to generate gate pulses for controlling ofSTATCOM.Herefromthecontrol strategy is designedwithabcframetod qframeconversionblock,PLL block,HPF,PIcontroller,DQtoABCconversionblock.The abc frametod qframeconversionblockconverts 3Øload current parameters (Iabc) todq0 parameters frame byusing parks transformation. The phase locked loop generates Sinwt and coswt signals for transformation block. Initially, the current components from block in α β co ordinates are generated. Iabc of statcom current phases can then be transformedintoα βcoordinates.HPFishighpassfilteris used to block low frequency components coming from conversion block then given to inverse transformation block and then the output of inverse transformation block is STATCOM reference current which will generate gate pulses forswitches[4]. 3.3. Design of PI controller Inthispaper,simulationisdonebyusingproportional integral(PI)controller.TheDCreferencevoltageandDClink voltage are compared and the error is generated and controlledbyPIcontrollerwhichgenerates thedirectaxis componentofthereferencegridcurrent.Thegridreactive powpowerandreferencereactivepower(referencegridreactiveer, Qref = zero) are compared and controlled by PI controller which generates quadrature axis component of referencegridcurrentasshowninFigure4.ThecontrollerusedisdiscretePIcontroller that takes thevaluereferencevalueandactualvalueandgeneratesthemaximumofreferencecurrent,whichdependsontheerrorsinreferencevalueandactualvalue.Thevoltageerror PIcontroller

Fig -4: D Qcontrolstrategy

Fig -3: Outputwaveformvoltageforasinglephase 3.2. PI controller The block diagram of a proposed control technique is showninfig.4.Therefore,thePLLprovidestheangleφtothe abcto dq0 (and dq0 to abc) transformation. There are also fourproportional integral(PI)regulators.

atthenthinstantis: I (n)= I (n 1)+ Kp * [V (n) V (n 1)]+ Ki V (n) (5) referenceTheequationsofdirectandquadratureaxiscomponentofgridcurrentare,I d= ( Kp+Ki/s) *( Vref * V) (6) Id= ( Kp+Ki/s) *( Vdc * Vdc) (7) Where Kp proportionalgain Ki integralgain Vdc * referenceDClinkvoltage Vdc measuredDClink voltage Vref * reference loadvoltage V measured loadvoltage © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1602

3.1. Switching configuration of Diode Multilevel inverter topologies belowcircuitconfigurationproducingswitcheslessT2,belowsignaloff,thansignalproducingswitchesthanreferencefrequencyDuringthetriangularcarrierwavecomparisontwohightriangularwavesareusedtocomparewiththesinewave,ifthereferencephasesignalisgreaterthetwotriangularcarrierwavesthentheT1,T2areturnedonandT3,T4switchesareturnedoffontheoutputvoltageasVdc/2.IfthereferencephaseisnotgreaterthanabovetriangularwaveandgreaterbelowtriangularwavethenT1,T4switchesareturnedT2,T3switchesareturnedon.IfthereferencephaseisnotlessthanabovetriangularwaveandnotlessthantriangularwavethenT1,T4switchesareturnedoff,T3switchesareturnedon.IfthereferencephasesignalisthanboththetriangularcarrierwavesthenT1,T2areturnedoffandT3,T4switchesareturnedonoutputvoltageasVdc/2[6].Theoutputvoltageobtainedbytheaboveswitchingisobtainedasshowninbelowfigure.Thediagramrepresentingaboveswitchingisshowninfigure.

4. 1 When under RL Load RLloadof100MVAconsistingof70MWofresistive increaseconditionsload.loadand52.5MVARofinductiveloadisconsideredtobeasaTheSTATCOMoperationatloadsidefordifferentsuchasdecreaseinvoltageie..,voltagesagandinthevoltageie..,voltageswellaretobetested.

4. 1. 1 Voltage Sag there will be variations in the voltage of the

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net 4. MODELING THE STATCOM USING THE SIMULINK’S POWER SYSTEM BLOCKSET networkcontrolASTATCOMisapowerelectronicsystemwithacomplexsystem.ModellingtheSTATCOMincludingthepoweranditscontrollerinSimulinkenvironmentrequires

A

“electric blocks” from the Power System Block set and controlblocksfromSimulinklibrary.Weconsiderherea +1Mvar STATCOM connected to a 25 kV distribution network usedusedcapacitorinverterconsistingofthroughSTATCOMMVAconnected21representedSTATCOMFigure5showsaSimulinkdiagramwhichrepresentstheandthedistributionNetwork.ThefeedingnetworkisbyaTheveninequivalent(busBl)followedbyakmfeederwhichismodelledbyapiequivalentcircuittobusB2.A25kV/2500Vtransformeranda100loadareconnectedtobusB2bya2kmfeeder.Theoutputiscoupledinparallelwiththenetworkastepup2.5/25kVYYtransformer.TheprimarythistransformerisfedbyavoltagesourcePWMinverteroftwoIGBTbridges.Afilterbankisusedattheoutputtoabsorbharmonics.A6600microfaradsisusedasdcvoltagesourcefortheinverter.APWMpulsegeneratorwithacarrierfrequencyof2kHzistocontrolbothIGBTbridges.ThemodulationschemeisofLevelshiftsinusoidaltypePulsewidthmodulation andbothunderRLThesimulationisdoneundervariationtypesofloadsuchasLoad,RCLoad,andRLoad.ThebehaviorofthestatcomcorrectionoftheloadvoltageisobservedduringthecasessuchasVoltageSagwhichfrom1p.uto0.98p.uVoltageSwellwhichisfrom1p.uto1.02p.u.

.

. Table -2: Systemparametersandvalues System Parameters Values Sourcevoltage 25000volts Transmissionlinerating 25kv/100MVA Transmissionimpedanceline 0.1p.uresistance, 1p.ureactance DistributionTransformer 25kv/415volts R load 70e6MW RL Load 52.5e6MVAR RC Load 52.5e6MVAR 4. 1 SIMULATING THE STATCOM OPERATION MODELING THESTATCOMUSINGTHESIMULINK’S POWER SYSTEM BLOCKSET TheSimulinkdiagramshowninFig.5hasbeenusedto simulatethe operationof theD STATCOM under different source.simulatedbeseconds).Initiallydoneconditionstoillustrateitsperformance.Thesimulationwasusingadiscretesteptime(T=50microthestatcomisinopenstate.AstherewillvariationsinthevoltageofthetransmissionsystemitisintheSimulinkbyusingprogrammablevoltage Fig 5 SimulinkdiagramrepresentingSTATCOM

As

fromatSourcevoltagevoltagevoltageprogrammabletransmissionsystemitissimulatedintheSimulinkbyusingvoltagesource,whereitisprogrammedtoitfrom1p.uvoltageto0.98p.uvoltageresultsinthesagattimeof0.3seconds.ThedecreasedinthecanbeobservedfromthepowerwaveformsoftheThestatcomisconnectedtothetransmissionsystemthe0.5secondstoincreasethevoltageatloadto0.98p.uthe1p.ubytheproperactiontakenbystatcom.

At time t=0 sec, the real power drawn from the sourceis9MWaftertheconnectionstatcomtherealpower drawnfromthesourceisreducedto8.2MW.

Attimet=0sec,thestatcomvoltageisatvalueof1p.u loadthe0.98Whentimereaches0.2sec,thereisdecreaseinthevoltagetop.uwiththereductionofthevoltage.Attimet=0.3sec,statcomismadetoconnectandthevoltageacrosstheismadetobringtothe1p.u.

SourceRealPower

Attimet=0sec,thevoltageofthesourceisat1p.u After 0.2sec,thevoltageisreducedfromits1p.uto0.98p.u.itcanbe observedfromtheabovewaveform.

Fig -6.2.1-StatcomVoltage

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Attimet=0sec,thecurrent drawnfromsourceisat normalvalue,att=0.2secthereisdecreaseinvaluedueto decreaseinvoltage.After0.3sec,thestatcomconnectionto the system made the system to draw less current than it requires.

Attimet=0 sec, thepower supplied by statcomis made to zero, when there is reduction voltage at load at t=0.3secthestatcommakestheappropriatecontrolaction tosupplyrequiredamountofpowertoload.

Fig 6.1.3

©

Attimet=0sec,thereactivepowerdrawnfromthesource is 15 MVAR, after connection of statcom at 0.3 sec the reactivepowerdemandbytheloadisreducedby1MVAR.

SourceReactivePower

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Fig 6.1.4

Fig 6.2.3 StatcomRealPower

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3sec, thestatcom is made toconnect to theloadto producethe required amount of real power demanded by the load to maintainitvaluenormalto1p.u. 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008

Fig 6.2.2 StatcomCurrent

Fig 6.1.2 SourceCurrent

Fig 6.3.3 LoadRealPower

As there will be variations in the voltage of the fromtheSource.voltagevoltagevoltageprogrammabletransmissionsystemitissimulatedintheSimulinkbyusingvoltagesource,whereitisprogrammedtoitfrom1p.uvoltageto1.2p.uvoltageresultsintheswellattimeof0.3seconds.TheincreaseinthecanbeobservedfromthepowerwaveformsoftheThestatcomisconnectedtothetransmissionsystemat0.5secondstodecreasethevoltageatloadto1.2p.uthe1p.ubytheproperactiontakenbystatcom. 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008

Fig -6.3.4-LoadReactivePower

©

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,the load is drawing its required power. After 0.2 sec there is decreaseinpower duetodecreaseinvoltage, thestatcom power.connectedat0.3secmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreal

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Attimet=0sec,asthevoltageacrosstheloadismade1p.u theloaddrawstherequiredamountofcurrent.Asthereis reductioninvoltageat0.2sec,thereisreductioninvalueof current.At0.3sec,thestatcomis madetoconnect toload makestheloadtodrawtherequiredamountofcurrent.

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Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,the load is drawing its required power. After 0.2 sec there is decreaseinpower duetodecreaseinvoltage, thestatcom connected at 0.3 sec makes the load to draw the desired Fromreactivepower.thewaveformsoftheFigure6itisobservedthatthe statcomisabletocompensateboththeactiveandreactive powerbyactingstatcomasinthecapacitivesupplyingboth activeandreactivepowerfromthesupply.

Fig -6.3.1-LoadVoltage

4. 1. 2 Voltage Swell

Fig 6.2.4 StatcomReactivePower

Initiallythevoltageacrosstheloadismaintainedat1p.u supply.whichThestatcomreductionvalue,after0.2secduetoreductioninsourcevoltagethereisinvoltagevaluefrom1p.uto0.98p.u.Att=0.3secisconnectedtobringbackthevoltageto0.3sec.statcomsuppliesthepowerdemandedbytheloadisreducedduetodecreaseinthevoltageofthe

Fig 6.3.2 LoadCurrent

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3 mairequiredsec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttotheloadtoproducetheamountofreactivepowerdemandedbytheloadtontainitvaluenormalto1p.u.

Fig 7.2.2 StatcomCurrent

At time t=0 sec, the current drawn from source is at normalvalue,att=0.2secthereisincreasesinvaluedueto increaseinvoltage.After0.3sec,thestatcomconnectionto the system made the system to draw more current thanit requirestoreducemoredropacrosslinestoreducevoltage acrosstheload.

Fig 7.1.1 SourceVoltage

Fig -7.1.2-SourceCurrent

Fig 7.1.3 SourceRealPower

Attimet=0sec,thevoltageofthesourceisat1p.u.After 0.2 sec,thevoltageisincreasedfromits1p.uto1.02p.u.it canbeobservedfromtheabovewaveform.

Fig -7.1.4-SourceReactivePower

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power15Attimet=0sec,thereactivepowerdrawnfromthesourceisMVAR,afterconnectionofstatcomat0.3secthereactivedemandbytheloadisincreasedby2MVAR.

Fig -7.2.1-StatcomVoltage

madestatcomp.utimeAttimet=0sec,thestatcomvoltageisatvalueof1p.uWhenreaches0.2sec,thereisincreaseinthevoltageto1.02withtheincreaseinthevoltage.Attimet=0.3sec,theismadetoconnectandthevoltageacrosstheloadistobringtothe1p.u.

Attimet=0sec,therealpowerdrawnfromthesourceis9 theMWaftertheconnectionstatcom,therealpowerdrawnfromsourceisincreasedto10MW.

Attimet=0sec,thepowersuppliedbystatcomismadeto requiredthezero,whenthereisincreaseinthevoltageatloadatt=0.3secstatcommakestheappropriatecontrolactiontosupplyamountofpowertoload .

Fig 7.3.1 LoadVoltage

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Fig 7.2.3 StatcomRealPower

Fig 7.3.3 LoadRealPower

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,the load is drawing its required power. After 0.2 sec there is increaseinpowerduetoincrementinvoltage,thestatcom power.connectedat0.3secmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreal

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Fig -7.3.2-LoadCurrent

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,the load is drawing its required power. After 0.2 sec there is increment in power due to increase in voltage, the statcom connected at 0.3 sec makes the load to draw the desiredreactivepower. © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified |

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3sec, the statcom is made to connect to the load to absorb the requiredamountofrealpowernotrequiredbytheloadto maintainitvaluenormalto1p.u.

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3 torequiredsec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttotheloadtoabsorbtheamountofreactivepowernotrequiredbytheloadmaintainitvaluenormalto1p.u.

Attimet=0sec,asthevoltageacrosstheloadismade1p.u theloaddrawstherequiredamountofcurrent.Asthereis incrementinvoltageat0.2sec,thereisincreaseinvalueof current.At0.3sec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttoload makestheloadtodrawtherequiredamountofcurrent.

Journal

Initiallythevoltageacrosstheloadismaintainedat1p.u value,after0.2secduetoincreaseinsourcevoltagethereis statcomincrementinvoltagevaluefrom1p.uto1.02p.u.Att=0.3secisconnectedtobringbackthevoltageto0.3sec.

Fig 7.2.4 StatcomReactivePower

Fig 7.3.4 LoadReactivePower

4. 2. 1 Voltage Sag As there will be variations in the voltage of the transmissionsystemitissimulatedintheSimulinkbyusing fromtheSource.voltagevoltagevoltageprogrammablevoltagesource,whereitisprogrammedtoitfrom1p.uvoltageto0.98p.uvoltageresultsinthesagattimeof0.3seconds.ThedecreasedinthecanbeobservedfromthepowerwaveformsoftheThestatcomisconnectedtothetransmissionsystemat0.5secondstoincreasethevoltageatloadto0.98p.uthe1p.ubytheproperactiontakenbystatcom.

Fig 8.1.2

power15Attimet=0sec,thereactivepowerdrawnfromthesourceisMVAR,afterconnectionofstatcomat0.3secthereactivedemandbytheloadisreducedby2MVAR.

Fig 8.1.3

Fig 8.1.1 SourceVoltage observedsec,Attimet=0sec,thevoltageofthesourceisat1p.u.After0.2thevoltageisreducedfromits1p.uto0.98p.u.itcanbefromtheabovewaveform

SourceRealPower

Attimet=0sec,thecurrentdrawnfromsourceisatnormal value,att=0.2secthereisdecreaseinvalueduetodecrease madeinvoltage.After0.3sec,thestatcomconnectiontothesystemthesystemtodrawlesscurrentthanitrequires.

Attimet=0sec,therealpowerdrawnfromthesourceis27 theMWaftertheconnectionstatcomtherealpowerdrawnfromsourceisreducedto26MW.

Fig 8.1.4 SourceReactivePower

4. 2 When under RC Load ARCloadof100MVAconsistingof70MWofresistive loadand52.5MVARofcapacitiveloadisconsideredtobeasa load. The STATCOM operation at load side for different conditionssuchasdecreaseinvoltageie..,voltagesagand increaseinthevoltageie..,voltageswellaretobetested.

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SourceCurrent

maintainabpowerstatcomFromthewaveformsoftheFigure7itisobservedthattheisabletocompensateboththeactiveandreactivebyactingstatcomasintheinductivenaturebysorbingbothactiveandreactivepowerfromthesupplytotheconstantvoltageacrosstheload.

©

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Fig -8.2.2-StatcomCurrent

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,theloadis the0.3powerdrawingitsrequiredpower.After0.2secthereisdecreaseinduetodecreaseinvoltage,thestatcomconnectedatsecmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredrealpower.Thuspowerrequiredbytheloadbringbacktoitsnormal. 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008

madestatcomp.utimeAttimet=0sec,thestatcomvoltageisatvalueof1p.uWhenreaches0.2sec,thereisdecreaseinthevoltageto0.98withthereductionofthevoltage.Attimet=0.3sec,theismadetoconnectandthevoltageacrosstheloadistobringtothe1p.u.

Certified Journal | Page1609

Fig 8.3.2 LoadCurrent

Fig 8.2.3 StatcomRealPower

Fig 8.3.1 LoadVoltage

Fig 8.2.4 StatcomReactivePower

Fig 8.3.3 LoadRealPower

Attimet=0sec,asthevoltageacrosstheloadismade1p.u theloaddrawstherequiredamountofcurrent.Asthereis reductioninvoltageat0.2sec,thereisreductioninvalueof current.At0.3sec,thestatcomis madetoconnecttoload makestheloadtodrawtherequiredamountofcurrent.

requiredamountofpowerbyincreasingthevoltageacross thedccapacitor.

Initially the voltage across the load is maintained at 1 p.u statcomreductionvalue,after0.2secduetoreductioninsourcevoltagethereisinvoltagevaluefrom1p.uto0.98p.u.Att=0.3secisconnectedtobringbackthevoltageto0.3sec.

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3sec, thestatcom is madetoconnect totheloadto producethe required amount of real power demanded by the load to maintain it value normal to 1 p.u. The statcom supplies requiredamountofrealpowerbyleadingthephaseangle.

Attimet=0sec,thepowersuppliedbystatcomismadeto zero,whenthereisreductionvoltageatloadatt=0.3secthe statcom makes the appropriate control action to supply requiredamountofpowertoload.

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3 maintainrequiredsec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttotheloadtoproducetheamountofreactivepowerdemandedbytheloadtoitvaluenormalto1p.u.Thestatcomsuppliesthe

Fig 8.3.4

Attimet=0sec,therealpowerdrawnfromthesourceis27 reducingsourcetheMWaftertheconnectionstatcomtherealpowerdrawnfromsourceisreducedto29MW.Theexcesspowerfromtheafter0.3secondsisabsorbedbythestatcombyvoltageacrossthedccapacitor.

Fig 9.1.4 SourceReactivePower

Attimet=0sec,thecurrentdrawnfromsourceisatnormal reducemadevoltage.value,att=0.2secthereisincreaseinvalueduetoincreaseinAfter0.3sec,thestatcomconnectiontothesystemthesystemtodrawmorecurrentthanitrequirestothevoltageacrosstheload.

©

Certified Journal | Page1610

Fig 9.1.1 SourceVoltage

Attimet=0sec,thevoltageofthesourceisat1p.u.After 0.2 sec,thevoltageisincreasedfromits1p.uto1.02p.u.it canbeobservedfromtheabovewaveform.Thestatcomis madetoconnectatt=0.3sectoreduceexcesspowerdrawn bythesource.

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,theloadis supplyingpowerstatcomFrom0.3powerdrawingitsrequiredpower.After0.2secthereisdecreaseinduetodecreaseinvoltage,thestatcomconnectedatsecmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreactivepower.thewaveformsoftheFigure8itisobservedthattheisabletocompensateboththeactiveandreactivebyactingstatcomasinthecapacitivenaturebothactiveandreactivepowerfromthesupply.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

As there will be variations in the voltage of the transmissionsystemitissimulatedintheSimulinkby using programmablevoltagesource,whereitisprogrammedto itvoltagefrom1p.uvoltageto1.2p.uvoltageresultsinthe voltage swell at time of 0.3 seconds. The increase in the voltage can be observed fromthepowerwaveformsofthe Source. The statcom is connected to the transmission systematthe 0.5secondstodecreasethevoltageatloadto 1.2p.ufromthe1p.ubytheproperactiontakenbystatcom.

Fig 9.1.2 SourceCurrent

LoadReactivePower

byexpower15Attimet=0sec,thereactivepowerdrawnfromthesourceisMVAR,afterconnectionofstatcomat0.3secthereactivedemandbytheloadisincreasedby1MVAR.Thecesspowerfromthesourceafter0.3secondsisabsorbedthestatcombyreducingvoltageacrossthedccapacitor. 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | 9001:2008

ISO

4. 2. 2 Voltage Swell

Fig 9.1.3 SourceRealPower

madestatcomp.utimeAttimet=0sec,thestatcomvoltageisatvalueof1p.uWhenreaches0.2sec,thereisincreaseinthevoltageto1.02withtheincreaseofthevoltage.Attimet=0.3sec,theismadetoconnectandthevoltageacrosstheloadistobringtothe1p.u.

ctive power not demanded by the loadtomaintainitvaluenormalto1p.u.

Fig 9.3.2 LoadCurrent

Fig 9.2.3 StatcomRealPower

Initially the voltage across the load is maintained at 1 p.u value,after0.2secduetoincrementinsourcevoltagethereis increaseinvoltagevaluefrom1p.uto1.02p.u.Att=0.3sec statcomisconnectedtobringbackthevoltageto0.3sec.

Certified Journal | Page1611

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3sec, the statcom is made to connect to the load to absorb the maintainrequiredamountofrealpowernotdemandedbytheloadtoitvaluenormalto1p.u.

Fig 9.2.2 StatcomCurrent

Fig 9.2.1 StatcomVoltage

©

Attimet=0sec,asthevoltageacrosstheloadismade1p.u theloaddrawstherequiredamountofcurrent.Asthereis increase in voltage at 0.2 sec, there is increase in value of current.At0.3sec,thestatcomis madetoconnecttoload makestheloadtodrawtherequiredamountofcurrent. 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

Attimet=0sec,thepowersuppliedbystatcomismadeto zero,whenthereisincrementinvoltageatloadatt=0.3sec thestatcommakestheappropriatecontrolactiontoabsorb required amount of power to supply desired amount to load.

Fig 9.2.4 StatcomReactivePower

Fig 9.3.1 LoadVoltage

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3 requiredsec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttotheloadtoabsorbtheamountofrea

Journal | Page1612

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,theloadis indrawingitsrequiredpower.After0.2secthereisincrementpowerduetoincreaseinvoltage,thestatcomconnectedat 0.3 maintainabsorbingpowerstatcomFromsecmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreactivepower.thewaveformsoftheFigure9itisobservedthattheisabletocompensateboththeactiveandreactivebyactingstatcomasintheinductivenaturebybothactiveandreactivepowerfromthesupplytotheconstantvoltageacrosstheload.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

fromtheSource.voltagevoltagevoltageprogrammablevoltagesource,whereitisprogrammedtoitfrom1p.uvoltageto0.98p.uvoltageresultsinthesagattimeof0.3seconds.ThedecreasedinthecanbeobservedfromthepowerwaveformsoftheThestatcomisconnectedtothetransmissionsystemat0.5secondstoincreasethevoltageatloadto0.98p.uthe1p.ubytheproperactiontakenbystatcom.

4. 3. 1 Voltage Sag

Fig 10.1.2 SourceCurrent

LoadReactivePower

Fig 9.3.3

Attimet=0sec,thecurrentdrawnfromsourceisatnormal value,att=0.2secthereisdecreaseinvalueduetodecrease madeinvoltage.After0.3sec,thestatcomconnectiontothesystemthesystemtodrawlesscurrentthanitrequires.

Fig 9.3.4

4. 3 When under R Load ARCloadof100MVAconsistingof70MWofresistive areie..,loadloadisconsideredtobeasaload.TheSTATCOMoperationatsidefordifferentconditionssuchasdecreaseinvoltagevoltagesagandincreaseinthevoltageie..,voltageswelltobetested.

Fig 10.1.3 SourceRealPower

Attimet=0sec,therealpowerdrawnfromthesourceis15 seconds.bytheMWaftertheconnectionstatcomtherealpowerdrawnfromsourceisreducedto14MW.Therealpowerdemandedtheloadissuppliedbythestatcomaftertimet=0.3

LoadRealPower

Fig -10.1.1-SourceVoltage

As there will be variations in the voltage of the transmissionsystemitissimulatedintheSimulinkbyusing

Attimet=0sec,thevoltageofthesourceisat1p.u.After 0.2 sec,thevoltageisreducedfromits1p.uto0.98p.u.it canbeobservedfromtheabovewaveform.Thestatcomis madetoconnectatt=0.3seconds.

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,the load is drawing its required power. After 0.2 sec there is increase in power due to increase in voltage, the statcom power.connectedat0.3secmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreal

reductionpower12Attimet=0sec,thereactivepowerdrawnfromthesourceisMVAR,afterconnectionofstatcomat0.3secthereactivedemandbytheloadisreducedby11MVAR.Thepowersupplyiscompensatedbythestatcom.

Fig 10.2.3 StatcomRealPower

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3sec, thestatcom is made toconnect to theloadto producethe required amount of real power demanded by the load to maintainitvaluenormalto1p.u.Thestatcomdeliversreal powerbyincreasingthevoltageacrossthedccapacitorand byproducingvoltagewaveformleadingbyananglegreater thanthesupplyvoltage.

Fig 10.2.4 StatcomReactivePower

Fig -10.3.1-LoadVoltage

Fig 10.2.2 StatcomCurrent

|

Fig 10.1.4 SourceReactivePower

Fig 10.2.1 StatcomVoltage

madestatcomp.utimeAttimet=0sec,thestatcomvoltageisatvalueof1p.uWhenreaches0.2sec,thereisdecreaseinthevoltageto0.98withthereductionofthevoltage.Attimet=0.3sec,theismadetoconnectandthevoltageacrosstheloadistobringtothe1p.u.

Attimet=0sec,thepowersuppliedbystatcomismadeto zero, when there is reduction voltage at load at t=0.3 sec thestatcommakestheappropriatecontrolactiontosupply requiredamountofpowertoload.

Certified Journal | Page1613

Initially the voltage across the load is maintained at 1 p.u statcomreductionvalue,after0.2secduetoreductioninsourcevoltagethereisinvoltagevaluefrom1p.uto0.98p.u.Att=0.3secisconnectedtobringbackthevoltageto0.3sec.The it IRJET Impact Factor value: 7.529 9001:2008

capacitor.reactivemaintainrequiredsec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttotheloadtoproducetheamountofreactivepowerdemandedbytheloadtoitvaluenormalto1p.u.Thestatcomproducespowerbyincreasingthevoltageacrossthedc

| ISO

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

Attimet=0sec,thecurrentdrawnfromsourceisatnormal reducemadevoltage.value,att=0.2secthereisincreaseinvalueduetoincreaseinAfter0.3sec,thestatcomconnectiontothesystemthesystemtodrawmorecurrentthanitrequirestothevoltageacrosstheload.

Journal | Page1614

Attimet=0sec,asthevoltageacrosstheloadismade1p.u theloaddrawstherequiredamountofcurrent.Asthereis reductioninvoltageat0.2sec,thereisreductioninvalueof current.At0.3sec,thestatcomis madetoconnecttoload makestheloadtodrawtherequiredamountofcurrent.

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,theloadis 0.3powerdrawingitsrequiredpower.After0.2secthereisdecreaseinduetodecreaseinvoltage,thestatcomconnectedatsecmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreactivepower.FromthewaveformsoftheFigure10itisobservedthatthestatcomisabletocompensateboththeactiveand

fromatSource.voltagevoltagevoltageprogrammablesystemAstherewillbevariationsinthevoltageofthetransmissionitissimulatedintheSimulinkbyusingvoltagesource,whereitisprogrammedtoitfrom1p.uvoltageto1.2p.uvoltageresultsintheswellattimeof0.3seconds.TheincreaseinthecanbeobservedfromthepowerwaveformsoftheThestatcomisconnectedtothetransmissionsystemthe0.5secondstodecreasethevoltageatloadto1.2p.uthe1p.ubytheproperactiontakenbystatcom.

supplyingreactivepowerbyactingstatcomasinthecapacitivenaturebothactiveandreactivepowerfromthesupply.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net powersupplybythestatcommadetheloadvoltagebackto initialvaluewhichis1p.u.

Attimet=0sec,thevoltageofthesourceisat1p.u.After 0.2 madecansec,thevoltageisincreasesfromits1p.uto1.02p.u.itbeobservedfromtheabovewaveform.Thestatcomistoconnecttoloadat0.3seconds.

Fig 11.1.1 SourceVoltage

Fig 10.3.4

LoadRealPower

4. 3. 2 Voltage Swell

Fig 10.3.3

Fig 11.1.2 SourceCurrent

Fig 11.1.3 SourceRealPower

Fig 10.3.2

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,theloadis drawingitsrequiredpower.After0.2secthereisdecreasein powerduetodecreaseinvoltage,thestatcomconnected at 0.3secmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredrealpower.

LoadCurrent

LoadReactivePower

Fig 11.2.1

Attimet=0sec,thestatcomvoltageisatvalueof1p.uWhentimereaches0.2sec,thereisincreaseinthevoltageto1.02p.uwiththeincreaseofthevoltage.Attimet=0.3sec,thestatcomismadetoconnectandthevoltageacrosstheloadismadetobringtothe1p.u.

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3sec, the statcom is made to connect to the load to absorb the voltagemaintainrequiredamountofrealpowernotdemandedbytheloadtoitvaluenormalto1p.u.itismadebyreducingtheacrossthecapacitorvoltage.

Certified Journal | Page1615

StatcomVoltage

Initially the voltage across the load is maintained at 1 p.u theabsorbstatcomstatcomreductionvalue,after0.2secduetoreductioninsourcevoltagethereisinvoltagevaluefrom1p.uto1.02p.u.Att=0.3secisconnectedtobringbackthevoltageto0.3sec.Thereducesthevoltageacrossthedccapacitortothepowerfromthesourcecausedduetoincreaseinsourcevoltage. 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008

Fig 11.2.2 StatcomCurrent

power15Attimet=0sec,thereactivepowerdrawnfromthesourceisMVAR,afterconnectionofstatcomat0.3secthereactivedemandbytheloadisreducedby1MVAR.

©

Fig 11.2.4 StatcomReactivePower

Attimet=0sec,therealpowerdrawnfromthesourceis15 theMWaftertheconnectionstatcomtherealpowerdrawnfromsourceisreducedto16MW.

Attimet=0sec,thepowersuppliedbystatcomismadeto zero,whenthereisreductionvoltageatloadatt=0.3secthe statcommakestheappropriatecontrolactiontoabsorbthe requiredamountofpowerfromtheload.

Fig 11.2.3 StatcomRealPower

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

Attimet=0sec,thestatcominclosedposition.Aftert=0.3 thetorequiredsec,thestatcomismadetoconnecttotheloadtoabsorbtheamountofreactivepowernotdemandedbytheloadmaintainitvaluenormalto1p.u.itismadebyreducingvoltageacrossthecapacitorvoltage.

Fig 11.3.1 LoadVoltage

Fig 11.1.4 SourceReactivePower

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 p ISSN: 2395 0072Volume: 09 Issue: 01 | Jan 2022 www.irjet.net

Fig 11.3.3 LoadRealPower

5. CONCLUSION Intheproposedcontrol strategytheD Qaxis controlis used to generate the gate pulses for the Diode clamped multilevel inverter. The statcom is tested for the different test conditions such as increase in the voltage ie.., voltage swell which is from 1 p.u to 1.02 p.u and decrease in the voltageie..,voltagesagwhichisfrom1p.uto0.98p.u.The results of MATLAB/SIMULINK waveforms shows the STATCOMwiththeintegrationofmultileveltopologyisableto takeappropriateactiontobringthevoltagetothenormaland to supply both real and reactive power with the less harmoniccontentintheoutputwaveforms.

[4] Mrs. Manisha patel, Divyesh S.Patel;MontyJ.Chapadiya; Kevin K. Naik; Bhavik K.Patel,” Reactive power compensation using STATCOM” Volume: 04, Issue: 04 2017,IRJET.

[8] Zhong Du; Tolbert, L.M.; Chiasson, J.N.; Ozpineci, B., "A cascade multilevel inverter using a single DC source," Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2006. APEC '06. Twenty First Annual IEEE, vol., no., pp.5pp.,,19 23March2006.

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,theloadis 0.3powerdrawingitsrequiredpower.After0.2secthereisincreaseinduetoincreaseinvoltage,thestatcomconnectedatsecmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreactivepower.FromthewaveformsoftheFigure11itisobservedthatthestatcomisabletocompensatebothactiveandreactivepowerinductivenaturebyabsorbingbothactiveandreactivepowerfromthesupplytomaintaintheconstantvoltageacrosstheload.

Itisobservedfromthewaveformthatatt=0sec,the load is drawing its required power. After 0.2 sec there is increaseinpowerduetoincrementinvoltage,thestatcom power.connectedat0.3secmakestheloadtodrawthedesiredreal

[2] Meenakshi Rastogi, Abdul Hamid Bhat and Aijaz Ahmad,” Simultaneous active and reactive power compensationusingSTATCOM”, Vol. 4, No. 4, 2018 [3] Mudasir Hussain Sheikh1, Navdeep Kaur Brar2,” POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN DISTRIBUTION POWER SYSTEM USING STATCOM”, Volume: 07 Issue: 02 , 2020, IRJET.

Fig -11.3.2-LoadCurrent

[7] Reference book: “FACTS CONTROLLERS IN POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION”, K. R. Padiyar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India.

Fig 11.3.3 LoadReactivePower

[6] N. G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, “Understanding FACTS ConceptsandTechnologyofFlexibleACTransmission Systems,” 1st Indian Edition, IEEE Press, New York and StandardPublishersDistributors,Delhi,2000.

[5] Pierre Giroux, Gilbert Sybille, Hoang Le Huy, “Modeling and Simulation of a Distribution STATCOM using Sirnulink’s Power System Blockset,” IECONOl: The 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

Attimet=0sec,asthevoltageacrosstheloadismade1p.u theloaddrawstherequiredamountofcurrent.Asthereis increase in voltage at 0.2 sec, there is increase in value of current.At0.3sec,thestatcomis madetoconnect toload makestheloadtodrawtherequiredamountofcurrent.

REFERENCES [1] Bindeshwar Singh, K.S. Verma, Deependra Singh, C.N. Singh, Archana Singh, Ekta Agarwal, Rahul Dixit, Baljiv Tyagi, “Introduction of FACTS controllers, a critical review”,InternationalJournalofreviewsincomputing, Vol.8,31stDecember2011

[9] Pieree giourux; Hoangle Huayn, “Modelling and simulation of a distribution STATCOM using Simulink's Power System Block set”, Conference: Industrial ElectronicsSociety,2001.IECON'01.The27thAnnual ConferenceoftheIEEE,Volume2 © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1616

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