An Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates with Montmorillonite

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATES WITH MONTMORILLONITE Asst. Prof K.N.LAKSHMAIAH Civil Engineering department, Narasaraopeta Engineering College, Narasaraopeta, A.P, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT: Concrete is a composite material composed of 2. MATERIALS USED coarse aggregate bonded together with fluid cement that hardens over time. The Concrete is the single most widely used material of concrete is predominant in present world; Concrete is used in such large amounts because it is simply, a awfully good building material. Aggregates generally occupy 60 - 80% of the volume of concrete and greatly influence its properties like mix proportions and economy. Use of Montmorillonite in concrete, enhances the crack resistance, shrinkage, fire resistance and reduces environmental impact and also reduces the cost. Some important properties and characteristics of aggregate are grading, abrasion, resistance to freeze/thaw action, resistance to sulphates, density, and compressive, tensile strength and flexural strength.

Montmorillonite undergoes significant expansion when heated, Exfoliation occurs when the mineral is heated sufficiently, and the effect is routinely produced in commercial furnaces. In this paper discuss about the study the strength parameters such as compressive strength, tensile & flexural strength of concrete using Montmorillonite as partial replacement with 20%, 40% and 80% by weight. The main aim of this study is to make the concrete eco-friendly and economical for construction.

2.1. CEMENT: Cement is a binder, a substance used in construction that sets, hardens and adheres to other materials, binding them together. The most common use for Portland cement is in the production of concrete. Concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregate (gravel and sand), cement, and water.

As a construction material, concrete can be cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can become a structural (load bearing) element. Cement used to prepare the specimen was 53 grades Ordinary Portland cements, conforming to IS 12269:2013 with a fineness of 1%, standard consistency of 34% and Initial setting time 30 min.

Key words- Montmorillonite, Concrete, Compressive strength, Tensile strength and flexural strength

1. INTRODUCTION

Fig-1 Cement

Concrete is good building material; in present scenario the use of concrete is predominant for constructions. Many types of concrete are available, distinguished by the proportions of the main ingredients. In this way or by substitution for the cementitious and aggregate phases, the finished product can be tailored to its application. Strength, density, as well chemical and thermal resistance is variables. As concrete is the good building material it is used worldwide in various structural members such as slabs, beams, columns, foundation, etc. Due to its low thermal conductivity property, fine aggregates are replaced with Montmorillonite and compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength are tested. Generally Montmorillonite can resist the temperature up to 1500°C and it has high thermal Insulation co-efficient of λ>0.046 W/m° C. Because of this property Montmorillonite are added in concrete by replacing fine aggregates by 20%, 40% and 80% by weight and their strength parameters.

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2.2. WATER: Portable water was used for mixing and curing of concrete specimens.

2.3. MONTMORILLONITE: Montmorillonite is a very soft phyllosilicate group of minerals that form when they precipitate from water solution as microscopic crystals, known as clay.

Montmorillonite is also used in the oil drilling industry as a component of drilling mud, making the mud slurry viscous, which helps in keeping the drill bit cool and removing drilled solids. so it is choosen to replace fine aggregates in concrete because of its specific properties such as it is lighter in weight, improved workability, improved fire resistance, improved resistance to cracking and shrinkage and mainly

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

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inert chemical nature. Montmorillonite taken for concrete preparation which passes through 2.36mm sieve size.

Fig-4 Coarse aggregate 2.6. MIX DESIGN: As per IS 10262:2008 design mix for M 30 grade of concrete was prepared by replacing fine aggregates by 20%,40% and 80% by weight.

Fig-2 Montmorillonite as a fine aggregate 2.4. FINE AGGREGATE (SAND): Fig-5 Concrete mix

Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. The present scenario in the world, the availability of sand is very low as compared to olden days and cost is also very high due to lack availability of sand. So as to replace the sand with montmorillonite. It is defined by size, being finer than gravel.

Fine aggregates are taken for concrete preparation which passes through 2.36mm sieve size.

3. MATERIAL TEST RESULTS Table-1 Physical properties of cement

Fineness Modulus

Normal consistency

Initial Setting time

Final Setting time

1%

34%

30min

260 min

Table-2 Physical properties of fine aggregates

Fig-3 Sand 2.5. COARSE AGGREGATE:

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Specific gravity

Water absorption

2.85

3.1

1.92

Table-3 Physical properties of montmorillonite

Coarse aggregates are an integral part of many construction applications, sometimes used on their own, such as a granular base placed under a slab or pavement, or as a component in a mixture, such as asphalt or concrete mixtures Course aggregates of 4.75mm to 12.5mm size aggregates were used.

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Fineness Modulus

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Fineness Modulus

Specific gravity

Water absorption

2.52

3.32

2.36

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Table-4 Physical properties of coarse aggregates

Fineness Modulus

Specific gravity

Water absorption

7.82

2.4

2.57

4. LABORATORAY TEST RESULTS: 4.1. Compressive Strength Compressive strength was tested in compressive testing machine .Cube specimens of size 150mm x 150mm x 150mm were adopted for the test. Compressive strength was tested after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing. The results of the tests are tabulated below.

Fig-7 4.2. Tensile Strength The test was conducted in compression testing machine. Cylindrical specimens were 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height. The results of the tests conducted are tabulated below.

Fig-6 Compressive Strength test

Fig-8 Tensile Strength test

Table-5 Compressive Strength results S. No

Type of Mix (cube specimen)

1

20% of montmorillo nite

80% of sand

2

40% of montmorillo nite

60% of sand

80% of montmorillo nite

20% of sand

3

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Age of curin g (day s) 7 14 28 7 14 28 7 14 28

Table 6 Tensile Strength results

Average strength

S. N o

9 23 40 14 20 38 19 15

1

2

3

Type of Mix (cube specimen) 20% of montmorilloni te 40% of montmorilloni te 80% of montmorilloni te

80% of sand 60% of sand 20% of sand

Age of curing (days)

Average strengt h

7 14 28 7 14 28 7 14 28

4.10 4.52 5.00 4.00 4.20 4.80 3.80 4.00 4.50

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Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017

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Fig-9 4.3. Flexural Strength Fig-11

Flexural strength was tested in compression testing machine the test was carried out on beams of size 100x100x50mm.The results of tests are tabulated below.

5. CONCLUSION The strength parameters such as compressive strength, tensile strength test and flexural strength of Montmorillonite concretes of various percentages are found.

1.

2.

3.

Fig-10 Tensile Strength test

6. REFERENCE

Table-6 Tensile Strength results S. N o

1 s 2

3

Type of Mix (cube specimen) 20% of Montmorilloni te 40% of Montmorilloni te 80% of Montmorilloni te

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80% of sand 60% of sand 20% of sand

The optimum strength in comparing the strengths for different Montmorillonite was observed to be 40%.

Addition of Montmorillonite in concrete makes it heat resisting & resists shrinkage and cracks in concrete.

Because of inert chemical nature of Montmorillonite when it is used in concrete it will not undergo any chemical reaction and also it is an eco-friendly material.

1.

Age of curing (days)

Averag e strengt h

7 14 28 7 14 28 7 14 28

6.1 6.4 8 5.2 6.1 7.8 5.2 6.3 7.5

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2.

3.

4.

5.

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Montmorillonite Clay Benefits, Uses in Cat / Dog Food, Structure & Properties".

DurableHealth. Retrieved 12 October 2015.

Dushyant R. Bhimani (2013) “A Study on Foundry Sand: Opportunities for Sustainable and Economical Concrete” Journal of Building Physics Manolia Abed Al-wahab Ali (2012) “The Possibility of Produce Self Compacted Polystyrene Concrete” Journal of Engineering and Development.

Eknath P.Salokhe, D.B.Desai (2012) “Application of Foundry Waste Sand In Manufacture of Concrete” Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Bhattacharyya, KG; Gupta, SS (2008).

"Adsorption of a few heavy". Advances in Colloid and Interface Science.

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

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6.

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Tengku Fitriani L, Subhan(2006) “Lightweight High Strength Concrete With Expanded Polystyrene Beads” Journal Of Materials In Civil Engineering

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