International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Investigative Research on providing Synthetic Macro Fiber (Twisted Monofilament Ferro Fiber) in Concrete
Akash. K. Anil1 , Sachin. T. M2 , Chethan Chandru3
1PG Student (M. Tech), Department of Civil Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India
3Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India
Abstract - The goal of the current study is to investigate how adding synthetic macrofibres, or twisted monofilament ferro fiber, to concrete affects its mechanical properties. Numerous physical and mechanical propertiesofconcrete will be improved by the application of carefully tailored macrofiber. Throughout this inquiry, M30 grade concrete with a 0.4 water-to-cement ratio was used. Numerous strength attributes, including split tensile strength, flexural strength, and compressive strength, were investigatedanddocumented.
Key Words: Synthetic Macro Fiber-Twisted Monofilament Ferro Fiber (TMF Fiber), Concrete, Compressive strength, SplitTensilestrength,Flexuralstrength.
1.INTRODUCTION
Whileithaslessresistancetotensionandflexure,concrete hasastrongerresistancetocompression.Asaresult,some fracturesarevisible,butmostarehiddenbecausetheyhave developeddeepbelowthesurface,insidetheconcretemass. Cracksformwhentensilestrainsaretoohigh.Anyalteration intheweatherhasanimpactonthemechanismthatcauses cracking.Thereinforcementholdsthecracksintheconcrete together as they occur. Subsequently, the weight is transferredthroughbondactionandbaranchorage.Similar results are obtained by the use of Twisted Monofilament FerroFiber(TMFFiber)reinforcement:adecreaseincrack width and an increase in tensile strength. One important factor in stopping these cracks is TMF Fiber. TMF Fiber evenlyholdstheconcreteinplaceandpreventscracksfrom forming.
1.1 Applications
ThemainareaforTwistedMonofilamentFiber(TMFFiber) applicationsareasfollows:
1.Highway(PQC)
2.IndustrialFlooring
3.Tunnellining
4.AirportRunway
5.Parkingarea
6.Canallining
7.Nuclearpowerplant
8.Paverblocksandsolid/Haloblocks
9.Precastconcrete
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Mydin M.A.O et al. (2023) [3]
By experimental study of concrete specimens PTBF was providedin0%,0.5%upto2.5%ratiosprovidingconcrete densities of 500,700 and 900kg/m^3 (as per British standards).Slumpflowfallsasitrises.inPTBF.Testresultsof compression,flexuralandsplittensilestrengthisfound-500 and700kg/m^3densitytheoptimumvalueis1.5%andfor 900kg/m^3densitytheoptimumvalueis2.0%.Thusbeyond 2.0% the diminished significantly. Thus, there will be reductioninairvoids,thermalinsulationandboostthelight weightfiberconcrete.
Buratti N et al. (2011) [4]
Byexperimentalstudyofconcretespecimenprisms/beams werecastedindifferentratiosofsamemixdesign(British standard).Todeterminethe effectoffiberdistribution on Flexuraltoughnessbyusing3-pointbendingtest.BothSteel fiberandmacrosyntheticfiberwerecastedseparatelyand combinationofbothinconcrete.Syntheticfiberhastensile strength greater than 575MPa. Steel fiber concrete shows highstrengthinflexuraltoughnessandmacrosyntheticfiber showslowstrengthinflexuraltoughnesshowever,synthetic fiber increases in reduction of crack opening due to shrinkage. Thus, macro synthetic fiber is proposed for alternativetosteelfiberinstructuralapplications.Synthetic fiberisstilllimited.
A. J. Babafemi (2016) [5]
Byexperimentalinvestigationfiberwasusedatavolumeof 1% throughout the conduction by considering one mix design.Diameteroffiberis0.8mm,tensilestrength-400MPa, length-40mm,elasticmodulus-4GPa,aspectratio-50.study examinesthecreepresponseofcrackedreinforcedconcrete that has been macro synthetic fibers and mechanism responsible for creep behavior. Stress of 30%, 40%,50%, 60% about 70% of average uniaxial tensile strength(2.90MPa) is accustomed to determine uniaxial tensilecreeptest.Resultshowedtensilecreepover8months even at stress level as low as 30% and creep fracture specimen occurred at 60 and 70% stress level. Its compressive strength is 40.19MPa. large-scale synthetic fiberisbecomingincreasinglypreferredtosteelfiber,dueto lightweight,resistancetocorrosionandcheapincost
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Estela Oliari Garcez et al. (2019) [6]
Slumpflow,compressivestrengthandsplittensilestrength were compared for performance. and flexural strength. 3 different concrete mixtures with fiber dosage of 4, 6, and 8kg/m^3wereproduced.Mixturewith4and6kg/m^3fiber contenthasmostsatisfactoryflowabilityandslumpflowfor 6kg/m^3was670mmwithoutanybleedingandsegregation. Mixtureof6kg/m^3exhibitshighsplittensile,compressive, and8kg/m^3mixtureachievedmaximumflexuralstrength residual(indicatesgreatermomentofcarrycapacity).
2.1. LITERATURE SUMMARY
1. By use of Synthetic macro fiber pores in concrete structures will be minimized, leads less corrosion to steel reinforcementplacedwithinconcrete.
2.Polypropylenetwistedbundlefiberhastensilestrength >575MPa. Thus, it is applicable as partial replacement to steel reinforcement or fully replaced for ground level touchedsurface.
3. Improves in bending Tensile power additionally also preventincrackinginhorizontalformedstructure.
4. Increase in strain or deformation of structural element under a constant or sustained loading (Creep) can be minimized.
2.2. GAP ANALYSIS
1.Afterstudyingthepreviousresearchpapers,cameacross those researchers had been performed on lower grade concreteandlowdensitiesandaddingfibers0.5%to2.5% weightofconcretemix.
2.Therefore,investigationbyexperimentofconcreteofM30 grade is used and Twisted Monofilament fibers are introducedtotheconcreteofthemassofthe,respectively, 0.1%,0.2%,and0.3%concretemixdesign.
3. OBJECTIVE
1.FindingtheCompressiveStrength,Split-TensileStrength, andFlexuralStrengthofTwistedMonofilamentFerro(TMF) FiberinconcreteofgradeM30byadding0.1%,0.2%,and 0.3%percentageoffiber.
2.ToResearchtheImpactofStrengthdifferencesbetween TMFFiberinbothconcreteandconventionalconcrete strengthvalues.
4. METHODOLOGY
Stepsinvolvedinmethodologyareasfollows:
1. Literature survey was made by collecting prior studies thataresimilartocurrentinvestigation
2.Researchgapandproperobjectivesoftheresearchwas documented
3.CollectionofMaterials
4.DesignofConcreteMix
5.Castingofcube,cylinderandprismsamples
6.Demoldingthesamplesafter24hours
7.Curingofthesamplesoveraspanof28days
8.Concretethathashardenedistested
9.Resultsandcomparison
10.Conclusions
5. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME
5.1. Materials
Table-1: Materialproperties
Cement OPC-53grade
Fineaggregate Wellgraded(zoneII)
Coarseaggregate crushed(20mm–12mm)
Water
Potablewater(drinkingwater)
Admixture FosrocconplastSP430DIS
TMF Fiber (As per Kalyani polymers
Pvt.Ltd)
Material-Polypropylene
Color-cementgrey
Diameter/thickness-0.3mm
Tensilestrength>575MPa
Aspectratio>90
Availablelength-30mm
Fig-1: TMFFiberAvailablelength
5.2.
Design of Concrete Mix
Inthisexperiment,TheM30concretegradewascreatedas perIndianStandard(IS)-1026-2009code.Thequantityof TMF fiber was added in 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% volume of concrete.Thequantityofmaterialsusedperm3
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Table-2: MaterialQuantity
Slump 100mm
Ratioofwatertocement 0.40
Water 158kg/m3
Chemicaladmixture 7.9kg/m3
Cement 395kg/m3
CoarseAggregate 1223.78kg/m3
FineAggregate 660.54kg/m3
6. EXPERIMENTAL TEST
6.1. Test of Compressive Strength
150 x 150 x 150 mm size cube specimen was utilized to measure the strength under compression. The steps and techniques used were in line with IS 516-1959. Subsequently, the specimen sample was positioned in the CompressionTestingMachine(CTM)withtheforceapplied perpendicular to the casting side at a consistent 1000 kg/mmrate.
CompressiveStrength=failureLoadinN/Areainmm2
6.2. Test of Split Tensile Strength
ForSplitTensiletest,aspecimenwithadiameterof150mm anda height of300mm wasutilized. Theproceduresand methodsfollowedIS5816-1999.Theloadwasappliedinthe compressiontestingmachineatasteadyrateof250kg/mm.
TensileStrength=2P/����D
P=failureload
D,L=diameterandlengthofspecimenrespectively(mm)
6.3. Test of Flexural Strength
The100X100X500mmbeamspecimenwasusedtotestthe concrete'sflexuralstrength.Aflexuraltestingapparatuswas employedtoconductathree-pointtestincompliancewithIS 516-1959.
Table-3: Flexuralstrengthformula
Cases strength
Ifa>13cm PL/bd2
Ifa<13cm 3Pa/bd2
P=Failureload
L=spanlength
a=lengthfromfailurepointtoreferenceline
b=widthofspecimen
d=depthofspecimen(mm)
7. RESULTS
7.1. Test of Compressive Strength
Table-4: ValuesoftheTestforCompressiveStrength
Areaofspecimen(cube)=22500mm2
1: PercentageofFibervsCompressivestrength
Figure-2: Cubeafterapplicationofload
Chart
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
7.2. Test of Split Tensile Strength
Table-5: ValuesoftestforSplitTensileStrength
specimenincorporatedwithTMFfiber showingcomparativelylessporous
7.3. Test of Flexural Strength
Table-6: ValuesoftestforFlexuralStrength
8. CONCLUSION
FromExperimentalTestreport,theAmountofStrengthis calculatedRegardingPercentage(shownbelowtable)
Chart 2: PercentageofFibervssplittensilestrength
Fig-3: concrete
Chart 3: PercentageofFibervsFlexuralstrength
Fig -4: prismsafterapplicationofload
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Table-7: AmountofStrengthcalculatedinpercentage
TMFfiberconcretestrengthincreased(%)iscompared withconventionalconcrete
Sl no Fiber in
1
2
3
1.It'sclearfromtheabovetestingthat0.1%ofTMFFiberin concreteisthehighestpossiblevaluetoincreaseconcrete strength.
2.0.1%offibercanachievegoodcohesion,workability,less pores,ductilityanddurabilitytoconcretestructures.
3.0.2%offiberhavestrengthgreaterthanregularconcrete, butlessthan0.1%offiberstrength.
4.0.3%offibersstrengthvaluesdecreasedincompressive strengthandsplittensilestrength,howeverthereisincrease inflexuralstrength.
5.Asthefibercontentincreasedinconcretetheworkability becomesverystiffandleadstobeingbrittleinnature.
9. REFERENCE
[1] IS 10262-2009 for Concrete Mix ProportioningGuidelines.
[2] IS 456-2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
[3] MydinM.A.O,AbdullahM.M.A.B,RazakR,NawiM.N.M, RisdanareniP,PuspitasariP,SanduA.V,(16thFeb2023) - Study on Polypropylene twisted bundle fiber reinforcedlightweightfoamedconcrete.
[4] BurattiN.;MazzottiC.;SavoiaM;(2011)–Postcracking behaviourofsteelandmacro-syntheticfiber–reinforced concretes
[5] A.J.BabafemiandW.P.Boshoff,(march2016)-Macro Synthetic fiber reinforced concrete: Creep and Creep Mechanisms.
[6] EstelaOliariGarcez,MuhammadIkramulKabir,Alastair MacLeod,MahbubeSubhaniandKazemGhabraie-Self CompactingConcreteReinforcedwithTwisted-Bundle Macro-Syntheticfiber
BIOGRAPHIES
“AkashKAnil PGStudent(M.TechStructural Engineering) DepartmentofCivilEngineering BangaloreInstituteofTechnology” “Sachin.T.M AssistantProfessor DepartmentofCivilEngineering BangaloreInstituteofTechnology“ “ChethanChandru AssistantProfessor DepartmentofCivilEngineering BangaloreInstituteofTechnology“