DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PROTOTYPE MODEL MULTI POWER SOURCE VEHICLE by IRJET Journal

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PROTOTYPE MODEL MULTI POWER SOURCE

VEHICLE

Dr. M. Maruthi Rao1 , Sheik hajimathulla2, Yedururi Tharun2, Gunji Prabhu Asheer2 , Kuppireddygari Vijaykumar Reddy2, Acham Kushal2

1Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, AITS, Tirupati, AP, India. 2UG students, AITS, Tirupati, AP, India.

Abstract - The internal combustion engines are used widelyfortransportation.Ourpresentfuelresourcesarenot going to be around forever and with the ever increasing consumptiontheirextinctionisnearlyunavoidable.Alsoour fuelresourceswhicharemostlymadeupoffossilfuelsare not renewable in nature. Currently around the world the consumptionoffossilfuelsis100,000timesfasterthantheir naturalproduction.Accordingtoanestimatethedemandfor these fuels will suddenly outstrip their availability in a matter of centuries-or less. Also the combustion of fossil fuelsemitscarbondioxide.Thisharmfulgaswhenreleased into the atmosphere makes a huge contribution to the greenhouseeffect.Duringtherevolutionfortheecofriendly technologies bicycles were the most depends modes of transportation , along with this the consideration of the increase in fuel price and environmental factors. It must admitthat itis more better to usea bicycleovera motor vehicle for short distance travelling. Imagine how useful would the bicycle be if even the small effort by man for climbing slopesandridingonroughterrainisreducedinit. Inthesamewaytodevelopthebasicsofourproject.“Multi power source Vehicle” the unit developed by us is a combination of the pedal operated geared bicycle with an electricpowermotorthatwouldassisttheriderthroughout hisjourney. Ourideaofimplementationoftheprojectwas mainly based towards providing a tribute to the “GREEN ENERGY”.

Key Words: ICengine,fossilfuel,multipowersource,green energy

1.INTRODUCTION

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingseverityofenergyand environmentalissues,countrieshavevigorouslydeveloped the new energy automotive industry. To [1]reduce the difficulty of driver operation and increase endurance mileage,thisarticleproposesaregenerativebrakingcontrol strategyforasingle-pedalpureelectriccommercialvehicle. Development[2]ofautomobileswithelectricmotorsisone ofthegreatestinnovations bymankind.Control ofcarbon emissions has been an emerging challenge over the last decade.The[3]modernautomobileindustriesaroundthe world are still the cause for massive greenhouse gas generation and the reason for the depletion of the ozone

layer.ThesubstantialusageofInternalCombustionEngine (ICE) [4]vehicles deteriorated fossil fuels. The research in transportation led to the invention of an Electric Vehicle which indeed was an appreciable choice for the mode of transportation.ElectricVehicles(EV)[5]aredecarbonized, minimizing the soot and smog, and are the better version than ICE because of their lighter weight and better performanceinregardtotheiracceleration.Theeffective[6] usageofpowerbytheprincipleofregenerativebrakinghad a considerable advantage amongst the vehicles in the market.Electricvehiclescanbeeasilychargedeitherfrom localchargingstationsorfromhomeportsorbyrenewable energysources,preservingthelimitedfossilfuels.Electric vehicleswillbeunaffectedeventhoughthefuelsuppliesare disrupted or fuel costs increase abruptly. Electric [7] vehicles laid the hold of precedence over other considerations for car enthusiasts because of their torque generation. Rapid torque is generated by the electric and magnetic fields of an electric car. The current-placed [8] operatorinamagneticfieldencountersaforcethatcauses thearmtorotate,leadingtotheEMF(Electro-MotiveForce) anti-electricforceEVsarecapableofbeingquickerthanIC enginesandtheycanevensustainhigherspeedsforlonger periodsoftime.EVs[9]havelessermovingparts,sotheyare abletorunmoreefficientlyeliminatingthedrivetrainloss andbeingabletousealotmoreoftheirhorsepower.TheEV industry is realizing that the car needs to sustain its efficiencyoverthelonghaul,whichledtoseveralkindsof EVsnamelyBatteryElectricVehicles(BEV),HybridElectric [10] Vehicles (HEV), and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV).Inthiswork,basicmodelingofanelectricvehicleis built using suitable entities which control the commands fromdriverinput.Motorcreatesanefficienttransformation ofenergystoredinbatteriesofanEVtogeneratemotion. The[11] motion developed in the vehicle enables the vehicle's body to function, thus travelling to a distance withinacertainperiodoftime.Braking[12]isanessential factortobeconsideredwhiledesigninganEV.Thisprocess isachievedwhenamachineoranelectricaldevicerestricts its movement. It is usuallynecessary [13] to drive the car quicklyandsmoothlyaccordingtoagivenspeedschedule.In amechanicalprocess,thebrakingactionisperformedwitha forceofcontradictoryforcebetweentherotatingpartsand brake pads. On the other hand, in electric braking, brake torque is being opposed to the movement of the rotating

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

partswhichisdevelopedduringbrakingoperation.Electrical systemsaremuchmoreefficient,accurateandhavesmooth controlbywhichquickstopispossiblecomparatively.

2. Design Specifications:

When a "smart" battery pack is linked to an external data channel,itsbatterymanagementsystem(BMS)canremotely monitor and control its internal components. The functionality of a smart battery pack is one method to characterize its advantages. Among the features and functionalitiesthatareupforgrabsareafuelgauge,smart bus connection protocols, general-purpose input/output (GPIO)access,cellbalancing,wirelesscharging,integrated battery chargers, protective circuits, and more. These indicatorsaredesignedtoprovideyouwithprecisebattery capacityinformationinamannerthatisn'tachievablewith otherindicators.Therechargeablebatterypackisoneof the most crucial components of electric propulsions, and researchersarealwayslookingforwaystoimproveit,aside fromthemachineanddriveandtheauxiliaryelectronicsAn illustrationofthemainconclusionsofthisstudyontheuse ofLi-ionbatteriesinvariousnationscanbeseeninFigure1.

Theelectricpoweredcarmarketplaceisabouttoamplifyas a resultoftheboldplansandtasksoftheauthorities.The authoritieshavetakensomeofstepstoincentivizeandsell thedeploymentofelectricalautomobilesandpubliccharging infrastructuretogainsubstantialelectrificationwiththeaid ofusing2030.Indiaisfocusedontolessenitsimmoderate oilimportsandreducepollutantsrangesthroughouttowns withinsidethecomingyears.Electricautomobileswillplaya vitalizationinaccomplishingthistarget.

2.1 Experimental work:

Everythingcanbereusednowadays. Soinarealsensewe can say that nothing is a real waste. Everything has their value in this world. In this work we used waste material hollowironpipesdesignofchassis. Doublepedaloperated car four seated capacity while peddling operation batter charged.Batterycapacity(18Amperehour,Watts –1000, Volts–48).

Figure.1

Figure1:Skeletonofthevehicle

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3. CONCLUSION

Actuallythereisnowasteeverythingisusage. Atendofthis decade50%non-fossilfuelcapacity. Oflateourresearchers focusedonElectricandhybridvehicles.Themainaimofthis workisreducedairpollutionandeco-friendly.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TheauthorscanacknowledgeourHeadofDepartment and Managementsuccessfultocompletethiswork.

REFERENCES

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Figure2. Finalbodyofvehiclewithfullload

Figure3.Runningconditionofthevehicle

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InternationalResearchJournalofEngineeringand Technology(IRJET)e-ISSN:2395-0056Volume:07 Issue:05|May2020www.irjet.netp-ISSN:23950072.

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