True Fake News Vol. 1 No. 1
Š 2018 Truth Window
Monday, December 03, 2018
Page 02-03
Page 04-07
Page 08
Media Bias Chart and Source
Truth Window
by Vanessa Otero (ad fontes media)
by Linlin Song (Truth Window)
Students must diversify their media consumption and consider bias by Adrienne Dunn (The State Presss)
Believing Fake News Can Have Real Life Consequences
02
True False News
“Most college students did susect potential did suspect potena d suspec potentia didn’t suspect potential bias potential b in a tweet from an te activist group.” — Stanford’s Graduate School of Education
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Students Need to Diversify Their Media Consumption and Consider News Bias
HOW? We help students diversify their media consumption and consider news bias
“About two-thirds (68%) say they prefer to get political news from sources that do not have a political point of view, compared with just 23% who prefer news from sources that share their point of view (23%).” — Pew Research
As media outlets adapt, so does the way that consumers get their news. Advancements in technology have contributed to significant cuts in print newspapers, and news on social media is taking over—especially for college students. According to the Pew Research Center, two-thirds of Americans get some of their news from social media services, and about 70 percent of adults aged 18 to 29 prefer to use mobile devices to get their news. Students need to be wary of where they get their information because as technology advances, it becomes easier for people to fabricate stories, and the information can spread far and wide within seconds. When using social media, anyone can promote, create and share information, even if it is untrue or deceptive. The Cronkite School hosts events that promote news literacy for students, which are also open to the public. For instance, ASU professor Eric Newton discussed why media literacy should be taught in schools and on a separate occasion talked about the impact of fake news. Another event co-hosted by Wallace encouraged modern-day muckrakers. Too often, students base their political opinions on social media posts from authors that have the intent to persuade. Students need to understand the importance of taking stock in news and opinions that have solid and accurate information behind them.
In order for a society to flourish, the public must be informed and active. In the US, citizens are lucky enough to live under the First Amendment, which protects free speech and allows criticism of the government. However, free press does not prevent the spread of misinformation, and different media outlets often contradict, leave information out or lean toward a desired audience. On Jan. 17, President Trump unveiled his “most dishonest and corrupt” news awards. As expected, outlets including CNN and The New York Times, which Trump has criticized multiple times throughout his presidency, earned awards while Fox, a more conservative network, was not mentioned. Students must understand that some media outlets have a bias. Varying media consumption can help prevent the development of misinformed opinions. Reading and watching credible papers and respected networks is the best way to get the most accurate information. At ASU’s Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication, a news literacy program was recently launched to help students learn how to combat fake news. “On the national level, journalism has never been stronger,” Julia Wallace, professor of practice at the Cronkite School, said. “The trick is that there’s a lot of it, and it’s hard to keep up.”
“When you think about organizations that are reputable, accurate, and fair, there are so many that do a good job,” Wallace said. “The New York Times has been fabulous on the sexual harassment story. The Wall Street Journal provided strong content to the recently passed tax bill. Vox explains issues in-depth in a way that truly provides insight.” Wallace also praised the in-depth work by ProPublica and Buzzfeed, saying that reporters at the popular site for young people are “doing some gutsy investigative journalism.” It is extremely important for ASU students to be aware of politics, because the people in charge right now are shaping the world that students will inherit. From tuition and tax adjustments to the rights of immigrants, there are some bills that have the potential to directly impact students. While the majority of reporters and media outlets are trying to do a fair job, there are some that are pushing a personal agenda. If students are wary of the news that they consume and are active in their pursuit of the truth, society as a whole will benefit. Source: by Adrienne Dunn 01/21/18 http://www.statepress.com
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True False News
Media Bias Chart
Unfairness instances The creator counts the raw number of unfairness instances.
Quality Element scores The chart is scored each on a scale of 1-8, which corresponds to the vertical categories on the chart.
Bias Topic Selection and/or Presentation The topic itself, and how it is initially presented in the headline, categorized in one of the seven horizontal categories on the chart (MEL=Most
Sentence scores Each sentence is rated for both Veracity (1 being completely true and 5 being completely false) and Expression (1 being a fact statement and 5 being an opinion statement). It is marked under each 1-5 category for each sentence and count how many are in each category.
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41 40
39
Ne
38 37
36
35 34 33
32 31 30
w e k S
ft e L s
29
05 06 07
28
27
26
19
Le f
28
27
39
33 29 30 31 32
Hy
18
23
44
pe - Pa
20
17
22
rti
21
t
sa n
22
17
21
25
23
13
14 16
24
08
16 15
45 42
64
62
14
43 46
48 49
47
63
13
68 66 67
12
65
09
08
07
06 05
04
74
72 73
M o s t Ex treme
10
Left
11
69
50 70 71 75 76 77
78 94
03
95
02
96 97 98
01
Left
Original Fact Reporting
Fact Reporting
Complex Analysis or Mix of Fact Reporting and Analysis
Analysis
Opinion; Fair Persuasion
Selective or Incomplete Story; Unfair Persuasion
Propaganda/ Contains Misleading Info
99
Contains Inaccurate Fabricated Info
05
Media Bias Chart
Sentence Metrics Not every sentence contains instances of bias related to the three types listed here, which are biases based on “political position,” “characterization,” and “terminology.” Sometimes these instances overlap. Each one throughout the article is counted
62
61
60
eutral
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
51
50
52
Extreme Left, HPL=Hyper-Partisan Left, etc.). This is one of the ways to measure bias by omission. Here, the creator categorizes a topic in part by what it means that the source covered this topic as opposed to other available topics covered in other sources.
Key:
63
• • • •
64
01
69
12
20
11
19
76
pe Hy
26 35
40
37
78 79
80
igh
41
77
R an tis ar -P
38
Nonsense damaging to public discourse
75
25 34
Extreme or unfair interpretations of the news
74
18 24
Fair interpretations of the news
73
15
Reputable Sources
72
71
70
10
09
68
03
04
67
02
66
65
Ske ws Rig ht
36
t
53
82 83
84
51 54
81
52
85 86 87
58
56
88 89
ht eme Rig t Extr M os
59 55 82
60 81
57
61 80 86 90
93
91
79
83 84
90
91
92
Propaganda/ Contains Misleading Info
94
95 96 97
85 89 87 88 92
Contains Inaccurate Fabricated Info
93
98 99
Selective or Incomplete Story; Unfair Persuasion
Opinion; Fair Persuasion
Analysis
Complex Analysis or Mix of Fact Reporting and Analysis
Fact Reporting
Original Fact Reporting
Right
06 News Organization Listings
True False News
To find sources on the chart, you can use this table below. All sources are listed alphabetically with chart coordinates next to them. If you want, you can sort them by coordinates to see how they rank top to bottom and left to right, or vice versa. News Source
Vertical Ranking
Horizontal Ranking
ABC
57
O
AFP
62
0
Al Jazeera US/ Canada News
54
-1
Alternet
18
-23
AP
62
0
Axios
52
-2
BBC
54
-3
Bipartisan Report
13
-27
Bloomberg
58
4
Breitbart
8
34
Business Insider
39
0
BuzzFeed News
51
-15
CBS
57
4
Christian Science
54
6
CNN
32
-6
Conservative Tribune
12
35
CSPAN
59
0
Daily Beast
41
-21
Daily Caller
12
24
Daily Kos
20
-24
Daily Mail
19
13
Daily Signal
30
-15
Daily Wire
16
28
David Wolfe
2
-32
Democracy Now
48
-19
Drudge Report
38
16
Financial Times
48
3
Fiscal Times
39
12
Forbes
44
3
Foreign Policy
45
9
Fortune
46
5
Forward Progressives
15
-25
Fox
20
27
Free Speech TV
37
-25
07
News Organizations Listings
News Source
Vertical Ranking
Horizontal Ranking
News Source
Vertical Ranking
Horizontal Ranking
Guacamoley
17
-20
Slate
43
-20
Huffington Post
24
-20
Talking Points Memo
41
-13
IJR
41
2
The Advocate
40
-23
InfoWars
1
44
33
28
Intercept
49
-23
The American Conservative
Jacobin
47
-28
The Atlantic
46
-15
LA Times
58
-6
The Blaze
8
27
Marketwatch
50
5
The Economist
48
4
Mic
39
-18
The Federalist
26
27
Mother Jones
40
-24
The Gateway Pundit
12
35
MSNBC
34
-19
The Guardian
48
-6
National Enquirer
6
10
The Hill
54
9
National Review
51
20
The Nation
47
-17
NBC
57
-3
The New Yorker
47
-9
New Republic
46
-19
The Skimm
49
-2
New York Post
20
18
The Week
44
-10
New York Times
52
-5
The Weekly Standard
46
18
News and Guts
31
-15
The Yong Turks
27
-24
News Max
43
-28
Think Process
42
-13
NPR
56
-5
Time
43
-1
OAN
23
28
Truthout
36
-24
Occupy Democrates
9
-30
Twitchy
14
29
OZY
43
0
USA Today
52
0
Palmer Report
8
-34
Vanity Fair
38
-12
Patribotics
1
-40
Vice
42
-10
PBS
57
-5
Vox
42
-16
PJ Media
17
26
Wall Street Journal
53
11
Politico
55
-3
Washington Examiner
35
18
ProPulica
46
-5
41
24
Quartz
44
-5
Washington Free Beacon
Reason
42
18
Washington Monthly
30
-23
RedState
11
29
Washington Post
51
-10
Reuters
62
0
Washington Times
33
20
Second Nexus
23
-23
WND
4
36
ShareBlue
33
-21
Wonkette
12
-34
WorldTruth.Tv
1
20
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Truth Window
TRUTH WINDOW HELPS YOU DISCERN TRUE NEWS FROM FAKE NEWS IN THE DIGITAL ERA.
Truth Window
Truth Window helps young adults tell the difference between true news and fake news in the digital era. We guide you to narrow down your sources and encourage you to receive news from neutral and truthful sources. We help you to find news and information from media sources with minimal partisan bias.
We know it can be confusing when you read news on Facebook, so we also offer a Facebook plug-in that helps you figure out the political bias of news sources and the truth or falsehood of specific stories. We hope discerning the facts and fictions of news stories becomes a key cognitive ability in today’s digital news world.
truthwindow.org
Š2018 Linlin Song