Celebrating Time: Book of Abstracts by International Time Perspective Network

3rd International Conference and Festival on Time Perspective

15 – 19 August Nørrebrohallen København N

2016

• dedicated to multifaceted exploration of the concept of time • cross-disciplinary, cross-media and frame shifting • forum for academia, tech and business people, artists, entrepreneurs, policy makers and general public • applies innovative methods of scientific communication • networking and partnership opportunities • developing ‘hands on’ solutions to present challenges in the areas of innovation, sustainability and well-being

Index

Welcome note page 7

Editors Anna Sircova Svenja Konowalczyk

Partners page 4–5 About Time Perspective Network page 8–9 Scientific committee page 10

Designers Elina Frolova Stefan Dolezal Lisa Grünwaldt

Org Team page 11–13 Program overview page 14–15 Art installation page 16–24 Program detailed page 25–135 Monday page 25–45 Tuesday page 46–76 Wednesday page 77–96 Thursday page 97–125 Friday page 126–135 Time Perspective Network - Association’s documents page 136–141 Agenda for General Assembly of the Time page 142 Proposed Projects page 142–153 Feedback page 154–160

Partners

STEFAN DOLEZAL TECHNO-ANTHROPOLOGIST

OTHERNESS.ORG 4

LISA GRÃ&#x153;NWALDT GRAPHIC DESIGN

Welcome note We would like to warmly welcome you to our one-of-a-kind event - Celebrating Time | TPCPH2016 in Copenhagen! It has been a long journey for us from the idea to its realization. We hope that during this event you will be able to fully experience the Diversity of Approaches and Unity of Passion that we have for the concept of time. We aimed to create an event, which is open to many, where academia, engineers, artists, business people and many others meet; an event, which will be full of inspiring debates, will ignite passionate collaborative projects; an event, which will give you plenty of opportunities to laugh and have fun. We expect that youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll be rather challenged and will go outside your regular â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;bubbleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, be it an academic or artistic one. We aimed to provide you with possibilities for knowledge and skills exchange, but also have a taste of solving real-life challenges and try out different hands on activities. We worked hard at bringing the diversity together and hopefully we created the conditions for a continuous productive dialogue between different disciplines and media! We hope the Celebrating Time will inspire you with the multiple perspectives on time and you will share our passion for this multifaceted and exciting concept! TPCPH2016 team

Time Perspective Network timeperspective.net

Diversity of approaches, unity of passion We are 250+ active members from more than 40 countries around the world both young and established researchers from various backgrounds passionate about time in psychological and social phenomena very open to dialogue across different disciplines eager to apply our knowledge about time to solving various real-life puzzles We aim to inspire collaborative research and applied projects in the field of our expertise provide an opportunity for sharing knowledge, information and ideas promote applications of our findings into public life of our various nations Time Perspective Network is registered in Denmark (CVR: 37377996) as a non-profit association for research and cultural activities.

Anna Sircova, Denmark Chair of the Board Nicolas Fieulaine, France Vice-Chair of the Board Elena Kolosova, Denmark Treasurer Julien Daniel, Denmark Secretary

Recent milestones a collaborative book: Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application edited by Maciej Stolarski, Nicolas Fieulaine and Wessel van Beek and published by Springer (2015); http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-07368-2 e-book with selection of studies presented in Coimbra, edited by Victor Ortuno and Pedro Cordeiro and published by Coimbra University (2015). https://issuu.com/inttp/docs/ebook_-_international_studies_in_ti August 2014 - 2nd International Conference on Time Perspective, Warsaw, Poland in 2014 - organized by Maciej Stolarski and Aneta Przepiorka. September 2012 - 1st International Conferences on Time Perspective (ICTP) by Victor OrtuĂąo and his colleagues in Coimbra, Portugal in 2012, where more than 200 participants from more than 40 countries met each other in person. We are looking forward to see what will happen to us next! Join the dialogue and shape the future together with us! 9

Scientific Committee

Org Team Meet the Team

Celebrating Time is brought to you by Anna Sircova (Chair) Time Perspective Network, Denmark

Toshiaki Shirai Osaka Kyoiku University, Japan

Nicolas Fieulaine University of Lyon, France

Marc Wittmann Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg, Germany Thomas Mathiasen Innovationsfonden, Denmark

Wessel van Beek GGZ Veenendaal, Netherlands

Alejandro Vasquez University of the Republic, Uruguay

James M. Jones University of Delaware, USA

Anna Sircova PhD in Psychology, independent researcher, photographer, owner of Creative Time Studio, Chair of the Board at Time Perspective Network, Copenhagen, Denmark, website Nicolas Fieulaine PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor @Social Psychology Research Group, Director of the Master program in Applied Social Psychology, University of Lyon, Vice-Chair of the Board at Time Perspective Network, Lyon, France, website Wessel van Beek PhD in Psychology, an existential psychotherapist, who runs his own mental health care service in his home town, Veenendaal, the Netherlands, linkedin

Lika Mikeladze PhD in Psychology, Moscow State University, child neuropsychologist at Moscow City Psychological-Pedagogical Center, gerontologist, member of the International Society for the Study of Time, Moscow, Russia Alejandro Vásquez Echeverría PhD in Psychology, University of Porto. Professor at the Faculty of Psychology - University of the Republic, Uruguay. website

Oksana Senyk Assistant at Psychology Department, Ivan Franko National University of L’viv, Ukraine. Assistant Editor at Time Talks, the digital voice of Time Perspective Network. website 10

Elisenda Juanola Cultural program Coordination. Copenhagen, Denmark, linkedin Natalie Odisho Media specialist whose experience includes Refugee: The Eritrean Exodus documentary, and Style’s New York Fashion Week, USA twitter Proof reading for Time Talks the digital voice of Time Perspective Network. website Lisa Grünwaldt Designer website Copenhagen, Denmark Stefan Dolezal MSc. in Techno-anthropology Audio-Visual Technician and Designer at International Time Perspective Network Copenhagen, Denmark Urška Živkovič Slovenia

Elena Kolosova Treasurer at the TPN Cph, Denmark

Martynas Smičius Cph, Denmark

Katažyna Choruzik Marketing Management student, Partner communication assistant Intern at International TPN Cph, Denmark

Alireza Kashani PhD student in the faculty of medical science at University of Copenhagen Helped the world to become more time aware Cph, Denmark

Anastasia Moshkovskaya-Lorentzen International Baccalaureate Student, Intern Svenja Konowalczyk at International TPN Cph, Denmark Research Assistant, Department of Sports Science and Motology, Marburg University, Julija Balukevica Marburg, Germany Artists Coordination, Cph, Denmark Kasia Józefowicz Stela Stefanova Artists Coordination, Cph, Denmark Doing MSocSc in Management of Creative Business Processes, CBS, General event Anna Pechtol management assistant, Cph, Denmark Cph, Denmark Nanna Livoff Cph, Denmark

Felicia Gheorghe Cph, Denmark

Marlena Massalska Cph, Denmark

Event Volunteers Elina Frolova Designer Celebrating Time logo and brand design Copenhagen, Denmark

Iñaki Mancos Denmark

Huda Farah Denmark

Mojtaba Roh Denmark

İlayda Doğu Turkey

Stefanie Steinbeck Denmark

Karolina Pawelec Denmark

Jonte Vowinckel Msc in Psychology, independent researcher, Bonn, Germany

Sezin Benli Turkey

Judit Rosta-Bostai Denmark

Anca Gabriela Zosin Denmark

SIlvia Triscova Denmark

Marie Elisabeth Colin Denmark

Sebastian Bovbjer Denmark

Atakan Kara Denmark

Clemens Rade Germany

Maria Vicki Lindbaum Denmark

Natalia Denmark

Olga Yuryeva MSc in Psychology, Russia MSc Student at RUC, Guest Coordination, Copenhagen, Denmark

PROGRAM 2016 All days

Art instAllAtions Hamide Design Studio - It’s Time For … ; As Time Goes By Symeon Fieulaine - Our Time Helen Kholin - Sometimes Time Daria Klimas - Time & self-consciousness Olga Ast - Space-Time-o-Scope Anastasia Spitsina Laureline Demonet, Anna Sircova Initiation, The Danish Tribe Black Quantum Futurism Anders Midtgaard - Reflections over time Inanna Riccardi - Imagining your dream, the magic box.

12:30 – 13:30 Venue 01 lunch 13:30 – 14:10 Venue 01 christoPhe bureAu

18:00 – 18:45 Venue 01 noemA Theater piece by Jonte Vowinckel

14:30 – 16:00 Venue 04 foreseeing the future: bArriers, Driving forces AnD solutions Tim Nestik//Patrick van der Duin DeveloPing the time PersPective theory APP Wessel van Beek Venue 05 DAncing with time / time mAnAgement Dioulde Chartier-Beffa Venue 06 conscious multitAsking in Action Anastasia Spitsina Venue 03 the cross-culturAl role of time PersPective AnD minDfulness on life sAtisfAction Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa// Natalie Odisho//Olga Klamut Venue 02 subjective time while in trAnsit Anna Sircova//Nicolas Fieulaine// Aurelija Deksnyte

19:00 – … Venue 01 welcome Dinner imProv comeDy – show APPle

Day 2 – Tuesday, August 16 Sustaining Time and Innovation Processes

Day 1 – Monday, August 15 8:00 – 12:00 Venue 01 Secretariat opening, registration 10:00 – 12:00 Venue 04 time PersPective As A Powerful tool in tAlent mAnAgement Beata Hola Venue 06 DAnce with time/time mAnAgement Dioulde Chartier-Beffa 12.00 – 12.30 lunch 12:30 – 13:15 Venue 05 kick-off oPening session Anna Sircova//Wessel van Beek// Helen Pilcher 13:20 – 14:00 Venue 05 the vArieties of subjective time: in everyDAy exPerience AnD beyonD Marc Wittmann 14:20 – 15:40 Venue 06 on DeveloPment through life-sPAn AnD Aging Thomas Neubauer//Lisa Murphy// Lika Mikeladze//Olga Strizhitskaya Venue 04 chilDren AnD youth through the time PersPective lens Alejandro Vasquez//Felipe Lazo// Antanas Kairys//Tianna Loose// Michael McKay Venue 05 self-regulAtion Maciej Stolarski//Danilo Garcia// Magdalena Marszal-Wisniewska// Alan Bec//Phil Zimbardo//Nick Clements//Brian Karimzad 15:40 – 16:00 Venue 01 breAk 16:00 – 16:45 Venue 01 lAughter, lego AnD leAving the lAb Helen Pilcher 17:00 – 19:00 Grand TeaTreT tout s’AccÉlÈre

17:00 – 17:40 Venue 01 the yeAr is A Python thAt swAlloweD An elePhAnt Anna Lundh

9:00 – 9:40 Venue 01 crossroADs between innovAtion AnD sustAinAbility Patrick van der Duin 9:40 – 9:50 Venue 01 oPen mic 9:50 – 10:30 Venue 01 builDing enDuring vAlue: temPorAl moDels AnD exPeriences of technology Sian Lindley 10:30 – 11:00 Venue 01 coffee breAk Poster session #1 Tacey Ruffner//Mijane Parker// Danilo Garcia//Miku Yoshida// Atsuko Kanai//Jane Trueman// Boštjan Bajec//Oliwia Maciantowicz //Joanna Witowska//Marcin Zajenkowski//Anna Tylikowska// Ryo Ishii//Toshiaki Shirai//Aneta Przepiorka//Zena Mello meet the Artist Helen Kholin//Daria Kilmas// Anastasia Spitsina

16:00 – 16:30 Venue 01 Coffee break Poster session #2 meet the Artist Syméon Fieulaine//Rasheedah Philipps//Camae Dennis 16:30 – 17:10 Venue 01 messing with time: the science of De-extinction Helen Pilcher 17:15 – 17:35 Venue 01 visuAlizAtion of time AnD climAte chAnge Olga Ast

11:00 – 12:30 Venue 04 time PersPective AnD humAn-comPuter interAction Justyna Kramarczyk//Denis Fisenko //Karl Drejing//Danilo Garcia// Lavoslava Benčić Venue 01 the role of time PersPective in sociAl AnD orgAnizAtionAl Processes Timofei Nestik//Kotoe Konishi// Alexander Unger//Patrick Dawson //Béatrice Madiot Venue 05 how to mAke comPlicAteD science fun AnD interesting Helen Pilcher Venue 02 subjective time while in trAnsit – PArt01 Nicolas Fieulaine//Anna Sircova// Aurelija Deksnyte

17:40 – 18:40 Venue 01 Dissolving lineAr temPorAlity: AlternAtive temPorAlities AnD Diy timescAPes Rasheedah Phillips//Camae Dennis 17:30 – 19:30 danISh JewISh MuSeuM tel-Aviv berlin by tziPi troPe

Day 3 – Wednesday, August 17 The Time Perspective Field: Current Status and Future directions

9:00 – 9:45 Venue 01 tensions in time PersPective: current DebAtes in the fielD Zena R. Mello//Frank C. Worrell// Monika Buhl

Day 4 – Thursday, August 18 health and well-being 9:45 – 10:30 Venue 01 concePtuAl AnD meAsurement issues Michael T. McKay//Frank C. Worrell 10:30 – 11:00 Venue 01 coffee breAk Poster session #3 Marcin Zajenkowski//Maciej Stolarski//Anna Zajenkowska// Giovanna Mioni//Melito N.// Stablum F.//Sue Jung Kim// Kiho Kim//Hee-Eun Park//Sang Hee Jo//Jang-Han Lee//Massimo Agnoletti//Avigail Moor//Kinga Tucholska//Zena Mello//Yuta Chishima//Aneta Przepiorka //Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska// Aneta Przepiorka//Agata Blachnio// Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska// Aneta Przepiorka//Houchao Lyu 11:00 – 11:40 Venue 01 exPAnsive AnD contrActive mentAl horizons Yaacov Trope 11:40 – 11:50 Venue 01 oPen mic 11:50 – 13:00 Venue 01 time PersPective network: co-creAting the future 13:00 – 14:00 Venue 01 lunch 14:00 – 16:00 Venue 01 the treAsure hunt: funDing oPPortunities for your creAtive AnD scientific enDeAvors Bradley Allen//Morten Gylling// Thomas Mathiasen 16:00 – 16:30 Venue 01 networking coffee 16:30 – 17:45 Venue 02 mobile culturAl consultAtion AnD referrAl service for heAlthcAre settings Anna Sircova//Tomas Jurcik// Nicolas Fieulaine//Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa//Natalie Odisho Venue 05 DeveloPing new instruments Edina Dombi//Alejandro Vásquez //Umbelina Leite//Alexander Unger 18:00 – 20:00 Venue 01 temPorAlity AnD fAmily conflicts Phil Zimbardo//Wessel van Beek// Elena Kazakina live exPeriment AnD PerformAnce: ActuAl time trAvel Michael Madsen, Marc Wittmann

9:00 – 9:40 Venue 01 DeAth, time AnD eternity Sheldon Solomon 9:40 – 9:50 Venue 01 oPen mic 9:50 – 11:00 Venue 01 DeAth AnD time AttituDes: benign AnD ADverse Ksenia Chistopolskaya//Jonte Vowinckel//Holli-Anne Passmore //Colin Capaldi//Ryo Ishii// Sheldon Solomon 11:00 – 11:30 Venue 01 Coffee break Poster session #4 Anna Tylikowska//Kinga Tucholska// Umit Akirmak// Sezin Benli// Ilayda Dogu//Kinga Tucholska//Bozena Gulla//Malgorzata Wysocka-Pleczyk//Lisa Murphy// Magdalena Nowicka//Maciej Stolarski//AKANE ISHIKAWA// Lening A. Olivera Figueroa//Irena Jelonkiewicz//Aneta Przepiorka// Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska// Massimo Agnoletti//Danilo Garcia meet the Artist Hamide Design Studio//Olga Ast 11:30 – 13:00 Venue 01 connecting to the future (self):

imPlicAtions AnD innovAtive APProAches for enhAncing self-regulAtion AnD well-being Fuschia M. Sirois//Harriett M. Baird //Wendelien van Eerde Venue 04 mentAl heAlth AnD time PersPective Joanna Witowska//Danilo Garcia //Natalie Odisho//Liz Temple// Svetlana Klimanova//Lika Mikeladze Venue 05 well-being AnD time PersPective Lening Olivera Figueroa// Olga Klamut//Maciej Stolarski// Urška Živkovič//Bojan Musil// Ewa Czerniawska//Julio Santiago

16:30 – 18:30 CIneMaTekeT into eternity + DebAte Michael Madsen//Patrick van der Duin//Tarjei Haaland//Marie-Louise Holst//Yaacov Trope

Day 5 – Friday, August 19

Taking Time across ages and Cultures 9:00 – 9:40 Venue 05 integrAting PAst, Present AnD future in An inDiviDuAl AnD community Toshiaki Shirai

9:50 – 11:10 Venue 05 cross-culturAl consiDerAtions for time AttituDes: PersPectives from the uniteD stAtes, germAny AnD jAPAn Chishima, Y.//Ishii, R.//Mello, Z.// Frank, W.//Konowalczyk, S.//Shirai, T. Venue 06 the role of time PersPective AnD minDfulness on life sAtisfAction: A cross-culturAl stuDy Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa//Olga Klamut//Natalie Odisho Venue 04 imAgining the future in A new country versus living it – when future becomes Present AnD PAst

14:00 – 15:30 Venue 04 the voyAge from Distress to well-being: time PersPective in clinicAl PrActice AnD beyonD Elena Kazakina Venue 05 temPorAl comPonents of hoPe Jesse McElheran Venue 02 the time PersPective As A Powerful tool in tAlent mAnAgement Beata Hola Venue 06 hAlf A minute Rita Sebestyen//Rasmus Cortzen

11:30 – 13:00 Venue 04 “A hArD nut to crAck: ztPi Across 33 countries” Evgeny Osin//Anna Sircova Venue 05 live reseArch exPeriment: subjective time AnD gAming Denis Fisenko 13:00 – 13:45 Venue 01 lunch

9:40 – 9:50 Venue 05 oPen mic

13:00 – 14:00 Venue 01 lunch

Elisabeth Schilling//Tianna Loose//Seda and Seyda Ozcetin// Inanna Riccardi//Anna Sircova 11:10 – 11:30 coffee breAk

13:45 – 15:00 Venue 01 temPorAlities As behAvior DeterminAnts Evgeny Osin//Jonte Vowinckel// Colin Capaldi// Holli-Anne Passmore //Lucija Andre//Phil Zimbardo// Simon Weissenberger 15:00 – 16:00 Venue 01 Closing ceremony 17:30 – 20:20 CIneMaTekeT 18:30 – 21:20 CIneMaTekeT the stAnforD Prison exPeriment + DebAte Philip G. Zimbardo

VenueS and InForMaTIonS MaIn VenueS VenueS 01, 02, 03 Nørrebrohallen Nørrebrogade 208 2200 København N

InSTallaTIonS Balders Plads City Hall square Superkilen park (the red square)

wIFI Osramhuset: Wifi: OSRAMHUSET or OSRAMHUSET_5G: Password: Osram2200

VenueS 04, 05, 06 Osramhuset Valhalsgade 4 2200 København N

SoCIal eVenInGS Kapelvej 44

Wifi in Nørrebrohallen: front hall + meeting rooms): Wifi: Nørrebrohallen Password: 2200kultur

InForMaTIonS Taxi +45 35 35 35 35 Bike Taxi +45 61 51 20 30 Emergency 112 Police 114 Injuries or sudden illness +45 1813

MoVIe SCreenInGS Cinemateket Gothersgade 55 1123 København K Grand Teatret Mikkel Bryggers Gade 8 1460 København K Danish Jewish Museum Proviantpassagen 6 1218 København K

oSraMhuSeT

Venue 04 Lille sal (small room) Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Venue 06 Spejlsal (mirror room)

Multisalen: Public Password: none, just accept terms of use

nørrebrohallen

ConCerT walk ANA Astrid Noacks Atelier Rådmandsgade 34 2200 København N

Venue 01 Multisalen Venue 02 Meeting room 01 Venue 03 Meeting room 02

20:30 ana concert wAlk SCENAT Otherness.Org

Break, Lunch, Coffee

Talks

Network

Workshops

Performance, Art, Screening

STEFAN DOLEZAL TECHNO-ANTHROPOLOGIST

lISa GrünwaldT GraPhIC deSIGn

ART INSTALATIONS It’s Time For... Seda & Seyda Özçetin Hamide Design Studio

Our Time Symeon Fieulaine

Website Monday - Wednesday

Website Monday-Friday Interactive Installation “It’s Time For ...” explores personalized time perspectives. The installation takes its essence from the real life problems observed related to time experience, which are based on the standardization of time perspective regardless of personal differences, the social pressure as a result of this standardization, and unhappiness and inefficiency caused by the social pressure. As a reaction to this reality, the installation presents an approach that accepts differences when it comes to time perspectives. It suggests a game that makes it possible to state your personalized time perspective and moreover share it with other participants actively in two levels: First level is just simply sharing and presenting your perspective, the second level is by encouraging other participants to try another perspective.

The installation relates to a variety of fields. First of all it creates an aesthetic experience thus is an art / design project. Through the installation a variety of data will be created that relates to human behavior, psychology, cultural studies, social sciences, gender studies. It is an experiment that can help us design any product / service ranging from clocks to calendars, school or work systems. Thus our submission statement is; in order to create a more emphatic society free from social pressure that is based on unrealistic normal allowing self expression and to create happier and efficient individuals, our installation will solve standardization in time experience problem of anyone with a different feeling from the societies’ norms in regards to time experience by giving them a platform to raise the issue, express, share, and provoke.

Using a custom made ‘public phone’ people can leave a message or hear those leaved by other people, this installation use perceptions to address the acceleration of our modern times, to explore what remains in our memories and how to build a collective consciousness based on space and time.

The aim of “Our Time” is also to reconnect with the earliest works on Time in French social sciences that have influenced the scientists worldwide, particularly Maurice Halbwachs, thinker of the collective memory and the place identity.

Sometimes time Helen Kholin

Website August 1 - August 31 I am a Russian-Danish artist, was born in Saint Petersburg. But I think, that I came from another planet:) From 2009 I live and work in Copenhagen. As the artist I participated in various exhibitions, art fairs, workshops in Denmark, Russia, England, Germany, France, Netherlands, Sweden, Greece. Everything around us changes very quickly, and every day we change too. Color of the sky, arrangement of stars, forms of clouds, every day, every morning, evening, night - are

unique. Each person who we meet in our life is unique. Each our second is unique too and won’t repeat any more. Therefore I create various series of paintings and illustrations. All of them have the history, the period of life, and reflect the unique moment. I derive the inspiration from people, emotions, nature, space, stars, unique moments, dreams, philosophy, economy and science. I believe in love, good, magic of life, life on other planets, сryptocurrencies and future. I also like to read classical literature, it gives wisdom 17

to the person. Sometimes I write verses and stories, but unfortunately few people had an opportunity to read them. Generally I express thoughts through visual art. It continues to

speak, even when we are silent. The most important for paintings creating is time. It would be impossible without time. Everything would be impossible without time.

As Time Goes By Seda & Seyda Özçetin Hamide Design Studio

Website August 1 - August 31 “As Time Goes By” is an interactive installation about process, going forward, living, starting from somewhere and ending. It is interested in the experience of that journey. It explores the concept of time; how we perceive time, pass time, waste time, kill time, make use of time, we feel about time, we value time, measure time and more through a two way interaction with the public: both giving and receiving. The installation consists of 3 units spread to three walls. The main installation, on the larger wall, is a big calendar wall, housing 24 sets of calendars, counting forward to the end of the festival 19th of August. It is inspired by the traditional calendars we have in Turkey called “wisdom calendar (maarif takvimi in Turkish)”. Those calendars consist of all the days of the year printed on A6 page each and binded together with glue. On the front of the pages there is the date of the day, while on the back there is some story, food recipe, idioms, jokes, wisdom, riddles etc. Everyday you are supposed to rip the page and be inspired. Just like that on our installation we have the date on the front and on the back we have something

about time to make people think about time and experience time from a different perspective. The audience is welcomed to take the pages every day and count forward to the end of the conference. On the second smaller wall, we have the visual identity of the festival printed only with outlines. The audience is invited to colour in the visual identity as they wish. This part of the installation is about process. It is a way of counting forward to the conference. The third wall functions as an open stage. The audience is invited to reflect on their perception of and experience with time using the note cards provided. During and at the end of the festival these note cards will be collected and archived to be used in future projects. So, while on one hand, the main part of the installation is consumed by the end of the festival as we give away the pages of the calendar to the audience, on the other hand, on the 3rd part of the installation we receive from the audience by collecting their reflections on time. In other words, the installation is a play between creation and consumption, giving and receiving. Please do interact. #astimegoesby 18

Time & self-consciousness Daria Klimas

Monday - Friday The works reflect some aspects of how time impacts our eternal life and self-consciousness. Time is one of the essential elements in our lives, like water and air, it inevitable goes on, give us rhythm and structure, but one can easily lose himself in the flow. People spend much time trying to fight with time and control its limits. But if one doesn’t see his own aims and life perspective the time flow can bring him helplessness and

inner chaos. Time limits make us think of what things and occupations are worth doing and which are not. As the time pass everything temporal and aimless for us disappear and only essential and really true stay in our mind. As we go on investigating our subjective way and our part in the global time line the scattered parts of our live experience integrate in a new vision.

Space-Time-o-Scope Olga Ast

ArcheTime project, United States www.archetime.net www.infiniteinstances.com www.fleeingfromabsence.com Monday - Friday I’m an interdisciplinary conceptual artist, curator and independent scholar. One of my main goals is to investigate connections between time, space and information. I have exhibited and lectured in the U.S. and abroad, presenting my work at art-science projects, including art shows and multidisciplinary conferences at Rutgers, New York, Gottingen, Moscow and other universities; the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; the National Academy of Sciences; the Museum of Natural Sciences of Turin; and the Bridges Math Art exhibit. My 19

books include Fleeing from Absence: four cross-disciplinary essays on time, its nature and its interpretations; and Infinite Instances: Studies & Images of Time, a collection of papers and artworks by contributors to the ArcheTime project, which I have been curating since 2009. A short video of one of my large-scale sculptural installations, a see-through structure that is reflecting and mixing the environment. It is composed of a row of transparent, mirrored and holed revolving objects,

which are hung individually on a horizontal line at the average person’s sight-line. It can be played on a computer or LCD monitor (as a single screening or on a loop).

Initiation: The Danish Tribe Laureline Demonet Anna Sircova

anna.sircova@gmail.com Website June 1 - December 31 Lauréline Démonet (born 1986, France) is behind the project’s concept, the design of the masks and their production. She’s a costume designer based in Copenhagen, Denmark, who usually works for theatre. Educated in textile and costume design in Paris and Lyon, France, she has produced several pieces of textile & artwork, which were part of installations and exhibition both in France and Denmark. She has designed costumes for several musical, theatre pieces, opera and ballet, lately for the Royal Danish Theatre. Anna Sircova (born 1980, Latvia) is the project’s photographer. She’s also an independent researcher based in Copenhagen. Educated as a psychologist, she is passionate about the concept of time. She teaches a course on cross-cultural psychology. In her photography work she explores the sense of time and space, emotions of loss and search for identity. Since 2011 she has exhibited her work in Denmark, Sweden and Latvia and was published in Russia and Denmark. Women from different countries compare their own sartorial customs with Danish women’s fashion style, offering us an insight in their own stereotypes about Dan-

ish women and “danishness”. The main issues revolve around shoes and make-up, but also about femininity and equality. The Danes are depicted as a tribe with special 20

rituals and codes, that newcomers have to learn and follow. Masks were created by costume designer Lauréline Démonet to reflect each woman’s vision of “danishness”. We often associate the use of masks to exotic foreign tribes, but in this art project the masks are an initiation into the Danish tribe.

Each participant was photographed by Anna Sircova, wearing her own “Danish mask”. These oversized portraits, accompanied by a narrative, are to be seen on the Metro’s construction’s wall -City Hall Square from the 3rd of June 2016 until end of December 2016. Join the Tribe!

Black Quantum Futurism Rasheedah Phillips Camae Dennis

Black Quantum Futurism Collective, United States afrofuturistaffair@gmail.com Website LinkedIn Twitter Tuesday - Wednesday Black Quantum Futurism (BQF) is a new approach to living and experiencing reality by way of the manipulation of space-time in order to see into possible futures, and/or collapse space-time into a desired future in order to bring about that future’s reality. This vision and practice derives its facets, tenets, and qualities from quantum physics, futurist traditions, and Black/African cultural traditions of consciousness, time, and space. Where these three traditions intersect exists a creative plane that allows for the ability of African-descended people to see “into,” choose, or create the impending future. BQF, through the work of BQF Collective and its collaborators, is in the process of developing and enacting a new spatiotemporal consciousness.

BQF theory, vision, and practice explores the intersections of quantum physics, futurism, and Black/African cultural space-time traditions. Under a BQF intersectional time orientation, the past and future are not cut off from the present - both dimensions have influence over the whole of our lives, who we are and who we become at any particular point in space-time. Through various writing, music, film, and research projects, BQF Collective also explores personal, cultural, familial, and communal cycles of experience, and solutions for transforming negative cycles into positive ones using artistic and holistic methods of healing. Our work focuses on recovery, collection, and preservation of communal memories, histories, and stories. 21

Reflections over time Anders Midtgaard

Kassandra Theresa Hochhard

amidtgaard@post.harvard.edu

http://theresahochhard.blogspot.nl/

Monday - Friday

Anders Midtgaard is a Copenhagen based visual artist whose work juxtaposes poetry, visual art, sound recording, photography, video and film. Born in Odense, Denmark in 1974. He studied film, writing and politics in London, Florence, and Boston. Mixed Media. The work explores how sense of time can be illustrated thru the representation and abruption of repetitive language

patterns. This experimentation is contrasted with a sense of infinity.

Imagining your dream, the magic box. Inanna Riccardi

Monday - Friday “Through this installation the visitors are invited to observe and try to understand someone´s else dream, while sharing their dream with me, by writing them down on the black note book. The installation tries to stimulate reflection about personal and universal dreams.

Dreams are complex, and sometimes, difficult to visualize... Dreams are made of clouds and hope.... wind and fears....fire and determination.....

Theresa Hochhard, 15.09.1991, Hamburg, DE - Biology and German, BA 2014, Universität Leipzig, DE - fine art painting, 2014, AKI, ArtEZ Hogeschool voor de kunsten, NL - June 2016 expo with Maria Britze at the B93, Enschede, NL If you paint you get aware of time. In this painting I refer to the ancient figure of Cassandra who was given the gift of knowing parts of the future but on the other hand put under the curse of never be listened to. Over the time certain figures or themes are chosen again and again to be portrayed in the arts. They broach the issue of human conflicts such as the dilemma of knowing the truth but not being able to tell it. This problem remains up to date, no matter which date it is. It doesn’t change in basic structure. What changes with time is the “setting”, thus the concrete situation that brings up the problem. If an artist choses to use a known figure as an archetype to show

a certain problem, he actually changes the setting of the figure and brings it into our time. So for instance did Max Klinger as he took Cassandra as an archetype for his bust “Kassandra”. So did I as I took his bust as a first model for the painting. During the process of painting it happened very quick that the painting got connected with our times as the Paris attacks happened while I was painting. You can’t live a life unmolested by history. If you paint or if you look at a painting you can get aware of history. You get aware of the time changing the setting. You can get aware of different settings in different times all connected like a rhizom over basic ideas that do not change.

What and how is your dream?!”

Cut the legs Maria Britze

www.maemaerry.tumblr.com Monday - Friday Maria Britze, 14.07.1992, Norden, DE - Certified Technical Assistent for Computer Science, GBS Nordhorn, DE - Media Designer Design and Technology, DCWA, Nordhorn, DE - fine art painting, 2014, AKI, ArtEZ Hogeschool voor de kunsten, NL - June 2016 Xpo with Theresa Hochhard at the B93, Enschede, NL work – abstract - title: “cut the legs” is a 3 minutes video performance which shows the ‘action - reaction’ conflict. Your own actions will

influence your future. You act in the real-time, and you get your feedback in the future.

Monday August 15

8:00 - 12:00 Venue 01 Multisalen Info desk Registration Art installations setting up

10:00 - 12:00

PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOPS Dance with Time/Time Management Venue 06 Spejsal (mirror room) Diouldé Chartier-Beffa DCAP Research, France dioulde.chartier@dcap-research.fr Website LinkedIn Twitter Managing our own time is a constant preoccupation for every one of us. It is one of today’s heavy issues: we have or don’t have time, it moves, it stretches, shrinks or condenses. In a nutshell … time lives with us, in us, for us, and sometimes against us. The workshop will combine the insights from Diouldé’s study, the collective experimentations (gestures, sound) with individual reflection moments. It will allow participants to reconquer awareness of our power over our time. Participants will find keys for handling time management efficiently respecting personal rhythms. Our angle: We decide to consider time as our partner. A partner with whom we compose dances

in every moment of our lives, at different scales. We decide that we can take actions to better and refine our dance with time. That we can take and refine our conductor’s role and have our chosen score live under our own baton (rather than be submissively driven by other people’s choices and urgencies that corrode relationship to others and to oneself). For that purpose, we want to conceptually grasp, thanks to the study carried out by Diouldé Chartier-Beffa on subjective perception of time, what time is made of, what we spend it for, and what it does to us in return. We propose an experience of embodying time to become familiar with it. 25

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Giving participants a sensorial and intellectual experience of the concept of time, the workshop will help them develop an engag-

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ing vision of how to live a balanced, sustainably pleasing time in contemporary individuals’ lives.

Time Perspective as a Powerful Tool in Talent Management Venue 04 Lille sal Beáta Holá Beáta Holá Coaching, Czech Republic hola.beata@gmail.com Website Linkedin The definitions of talent management differ a lot. Though, behind every talent programme, there are always individuals searching for their unique ways how to be more useful, successful and happy in both professional and private life. Highly individual stories, dreams and goals. Yet most of the high potentials have some issues in common. At least that was the case in the companies where I designed and delivered the talent and development solutions. Most of the talented employees struggle solving conflicts at workplace, handling stress and preventing burnout. And searching for balance in time. The managers and training specialist in the companies might not call it this way. When describing their needs, they usually want their people to have better time management skills. Then, after having attended a time perspective workshop most of the participants realize that understanding and balancing their time is a crucial thing that goes much deeper than the Paret rule or most of the instant time man-

agement tips. In a shortened version of such time perspective workshop, we will deal with time in a more holistic way. Starting from the extract of most popular time management tips, learning to understand their limited effect, to switching to the time perspective theory, filling in the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, understanding our individual time perspective disbalances and searching for ways how to change it. During the workshop, we will drawing inspiration from a board game designed to help people improve their time perspective. (Perspectacular). At the end, each participant will leave with an inspiration board comprising everyday activities he/she intends to try in order to lead a more balanced, happy, healthy and successful life. At the end of the workshop, examples of talent programme participants who worked on balancing their time perspective will be presented and discussed.

12:00 - 12:20 Lunch

12:30 - 13:15 Venue 05 Store sal (big room)

Kick-Off opening session Anna Sircova Wessel van Beek - The Batman readings Helen Pilcher 13:20 - 14:00 Venue 05 Store sal (big room) The varieties of subjective time: In everyday experience and beyond Marc Wittmann

Research Fellow at the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg, Germany. He studied Psychology and Philosophy in Fribourg, Switzerland and completed his Ph.D. degree at the Institute of Medical Psychology at the University of Munich, Germany. He was a Research Fellow at the Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego. His research focuses on time perception as indicator of psychological functioning, i.e. subjective time as embodied state of emotional and cognitive processing. In my talk I will present recent work on the relationship between three aspects of subjective time, namely the time perspective of past, present, and future, the feeling of passage of time, and the estimation of duration. Although we intuitively know that these aspects of subjective time are connected, there are nevertheless only few empirical investigations on these interrelations. More research in this area is important for

at least two applied reasons. For one, the speed of time passage in everyday life is experienced as becoming increasingly stressful. Second, psychopathological cases such as in patients with depression and schizophrenia are indicative of distortions related to the time perspective and the felt passage of time. Next to a discussion on findings in psychopathology, I will show how in daily life a stronger future perspective leads to a 27

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faster passage of time. A stronger mindfulness present-orientation is related to greater accuracy in estimating time intervals in the seconds’ range. Last but not least, the

propensity to regulate one’s emotions and a balanced time perspective slow down the subjective passage of time which in general speeds up as we grow older.

14:20 - 15:40

Parallel sessions ON DEVELOPMENT THROUGH LIFE-SPAN AND AGINg Venue 06 Spejsal (mirror room)

I know there’s gonna be good times! Contents of adolescents’ Time Perspectives Thomas Neubauer Heidelberg University, Germany neubauer@ibw.uni-heidelberg.de Website There is a huge difference whether past, present and future are conceived of, on the one hand, as dimensions of a linear conception of time or, on the other hand, these time dimensions serve as significant ideas for individuals under which they subsume manifold topics. The first depiction locates all time-related valuations of individuals on a timeline just as if past, present and future itself were evaluated affectively. Nevertheless, the latter suggestion of each time dimension being a singular topos allows to take into account past, present and future as singularities with specific (individual) contents. It is not only the affective evaluation of time dimensions which shape individuals’ TP. In addition, the contents of each time dimension parallel to their affective evaluation need to be taken into account. What if there was not pat, present and future which are being evaluated by individuals but furthermore certain contents which are subsumed under these time dimen-

sions? In our explorative study we tried to find out about contents of individual configurations of TP by conducting semi-structured interviews with 20 adolescents (9th grade) from two different schools. The innovative aspect of these interviews lies in the way of how the construct of TP has been applied. We told all individuals to think of the perfect and the worst present and future they could imagine. They were asked to describe how these specific manifestations would look like. In other words, we inverted the usual direction of interest of TP research by inducing good and bad valuations of time dimensions and taking a look at the particular contents. All interviews were assessed using content analysis (Mayring 2008). First results show that manifestations of topics differ due to the social context (e.g. SES) of individuals. The perfect-future-complex displays economic and materialistic issues. It is very interesting that future, both perfect and worst, 28

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deals with variations of the latent subject of autonomy whereas the present preferably refers to safety in the sense of being looked after instead of taking care of one’s own. Moreover (social, academic) transitions might serve as functions which amplify first of all phantasies of worst future outcomes. Transitions make the future reach into the present so that individuals experience an immediate attendance of the future. Our ‘inverted’ approach of utilizing valuations of time dimensions as independent variables and giving individuals the chance to talk about their imaginations of such

scenarios – and objectifying contents of TP – has to be grasped as a first approach. Our results are first observations and descriptions. Upcoming analysis will lead to a more systematic clustering of results. Nevertheless, our study can contribute to a better understanding of age-specific topics (adolescence) which affect individuals’ TP. Furthermore, there is a huge demand for qualitative research on TP due to the fundamental question of TP being a psychological construct or a cognitive-affective configuration and a linguistically structured derivative of individuals’ temporal experiences.

Time Transitions: Time Perspectives Across the Lifespan Lisa Murphy University College Cork, Ireland lisa.murphy@ucc.ie Website Twitter Objective: The association between Time Perspective (TP) and health risk behaviours, such as smoking and helmet use, is well established. Some health behaviours might also be influenced by appearance orientation (AO), and it has been postulated that individuals who hold higher regards for their appearance may engage in particular health behaviours to protect against aging or other appearance related concerns; this then may have collateral health benefits, e.g. smoking cessation is protective against smoking related diseases and also reduces the risk of accelerated aging. However, the unique and combined effects of TP and AO as they relate to health behaviours is yet to be explored. This research aims to explore the interplay between present and future TP and AO and smoking behaviour. Methods: Participants (N = 250 emerging

adults) completed an online survey which assessed health risk behaviours, AO, Appearance Worry (AW), present and future TP, and intended health protective behaviours (e.g. smoking cessation). Results: Preliminary correlation analyses indicated significant bivariate associations of TP, AO and AW in smokers. Multivariate analyses of variance were conducted to examine the independent influence of these variables as they relate to smoking behaviour, self-rated nicotine dependence and desire to quit smoking. There were statistically significant differences in present fatalism and AW, i.e. individuals with higher desire to quit scored higher in AW and lower in present fatalism, and individuals with greater numbers of quit attempts scored higher in AW and in present fatalism. Conclusion: Results are discussed in terms 29

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of health behaviour theory and models, with emphasis on the requirement for further research and the incorporation of these

variable into personalized health promoting interventions.

Time perspective, time estimation and subjective velocity of time flow in normal aging and late life depression Lika Mikeladze Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia lika.mikeladze@gmail.com LinkedIn Background and actuality: The tendency of the aging of the society in the whole world has grown recently. Aging is connected with certain risks one of which is mental disorders, particularly depression. Changes in time perception in depression have been stated by psychiatrists and confirmed by many examples from the clinical practice concerning the way the patients describe their feelings. When this method of time perception investigation was added by interval estimation some contradictions between the results started to appear. The lack of discrimination between time estimation and the subjective velocity of time flow and certain mess in the clinical and experimental data motivated us to investigate the specificity of these phenomena. To understand the most full-fledgedly the pattern of psychological time in normal and pathological aging we also decided to study time perspective which is in some way studied in old age but not yet investigated in late life depression. The characteristics of these aspects of psychological time taken separately or in interrelation should broaden our understanding of the relations with time in healthy as well as depressed elderly people. Method: Participants from the control group (n = 26) and the clinical group (n = 48) aged 50-81 and 50-80 correspondingly answered

to the adopted for Russian population Time Awareness Test [Time Awareness Test is designed for the exposure of the subjective velocity of time flow. It consists of 10 statements about the subjective velocity of time flow in different situations and on the whole in one’s life. In each statement it is proposed to estimate it from 1 (time flows very slowly) to 5 (time flows very fast). The integral index is calculated by the division of the sum of all scores in the number of statements.] (TAT) (Solomon, 1950) and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) (Zimbardo, Boyd, 1999). They also estimated 5-, 10- and 15-second intervals and produced an interval of one minute. In the end of the experiment they were asked what, in their opinion, is the time now and how long lasted the experiment. Results: The participants of both groups tended to underproduce the subjective minute, overestimate the short time intervals and underestimate the duration of the research. The results of the representatives of the clinical group were significantly more distinct. The current time was usually underestimated by elderly depressed and estimated precisely by healthy individuals. In TAT the average subjective velocity of time flow was the same in both groups and was speeded up while the scores for single 30

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statements differed. According to the ZTPI, Past Negative was significantly higher in the clinical group: the elderly depressed people showed high scores while the mentally healthy people got the low ones. The representatives of both groups showed high scores on the Future factor, but the scores of the healthy controls were significantly higher. The average score on Present Fatalistic was significantly higher in the clinical group: elderly depressed patients averagely got high scores while healthy elderly people – the low ones. The results of the control group show concordance in the deterioration of the accuracy of short prospective and long retrospective intervals estimates and productions; the correspondence between short intervals underestimation and overproduction, and vice versa. The same but more expressed connections were demonstrated by elderly depressed people concerning short intervals. In the connections between prospective-retrospective and retrospective-retrospective intervals the representatives of the clinical group showed conflicting tendencies. In both groups inaccurate prospective estimates and productions were connected with the decrease in Present Hedonistic and Past Positive and increase in Past Negative and Present Fatalistic. In the clinical group there were also connections between the estimate of the duration of the research and the ZTPI results: the decrease in accuracy of estimation was connected with increase in Past Negative and decrease in Past Positive. The connections between intervals es-

timation and production and the subjective velocity of time flow were in many respects opposite: the connections were mostly harmonious in the control group and disharmonious in the clinical one; the connections between the results of the TAT and the ZTPI were also opposite in two groups. Conclusion: Normal aging is characterized by retrospective underestimation of long intervals, prospective overestimation of short intervals and underproduction of subjective minute. The pattern of TP in healthy elderly people is close to a balanced type with increase in its negative aspects. On the whole in normal aging predominates the correspondence between time estimates and one’s idea of the velocity of time flow; accuracy of time estimates and predominance of positive emotions regarding different time zones. Late life depression is characterized by sharpening of some characteristics of time perception typical for normal aging but also disorganization in some aspects of time perception. In TP grows disbelief in the possibility to change something in the present, the tendency to attribute the responsibility for one’s problems to the faith or outside force, unwillingness to make plans for the future. According to the results showing the opposition in the connection between subjective time flow on one side and time perception and TP on the other side, the subjective velocity of time flow is considered not to be an aspect of time perception but to reflect some other reality (overall state of a person or the influence of the ideas how time should flow in each age).

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Intergenerational relationships and time perspective: a 3 generation study Olga Strizhitskaya

Children and youth through the time perspective lens

Saint Petersburg State University, Russia o.strizhitskaya@spbu.ru LinkedIn In the modern society, challenged by growing life expectancy and changes in the structure and characteristics of family bonds, the phenomenon of intergenerational relationships is gaining new sense and importance. These relationships can be a source of motivation, goals and a wide range of psychological outcomes that have already been hypothesized but yet to be empirically proved. On the other hand, the Time perspective is traditionally associated with motivation and has its impact on psychological well-being and life satisfaction. In this study we hypothesized that intergenerational relationships within one’s family can be associated with specific outcomes for time perspective, in other words – we expected better intergenerational relations to predict longer life expectancy and more positive future time perspective. Our participants were 30 families (90 adults) aged 18-77, divided into three generations: G1 (aged 55-77), G2 (aged 35-45), G3 (aged 18-23). Methods used were: Intergenerational Conflict Scale (4-item Likert scale, Cron-

bach’s alpha .80), Loyola Generativity Scale, Semantic differential for intergenerational relationships, question on life expectancy, ZTPI by Zimbardo (Russian version A. Sircova). The results showed that intergenerational conflict reflects not only misunderstanding between generations, it also reveals interaction, strive and seek for understanding, it means involvement that in turn positively effects life expectancy and future perspective in G1 and G2. It was found that while semantic deferential showed positive and most likely socially desirable picture, scores on intergenerational conflict revealed more realistic picture of the relationships. It seems interesting that while scores on intergenerational conflict and time perspective were interrelated within the family, generativity scores showed more correlations with age, but not within the family. Thus, to some extent we proved our hypothesis and found significant associations between quality of intergenerational relationships and time perspective. Supported by grant from President Council MK-3345.2015.6

Venue 04 Lille sal (small room)

The type of musical stimulation affects differentially time perception in children Alejandro Vasquez University of the Republic, Uruguay avasquez@psico.edu.uy Website Introduction. Time perception refers to the capacity to mentally estimate time durations in the milliseconds to few minutes range. Music stimulation affects this capacity. For instance, people under musical training produce more precise time estimations than those who do not train. Likewise, exposure to musical compositions provokes over- or under-estimations of durations depending on specific characteristics of the sonatas. According to the scalar timing model, a factor that may regulate this effects is the arousal. The aim of our study was to determine if a single session of training with different instruments (supposed to arouse differentially) conduces to differential effects on time estimations in young children. Method. Twenty children aged 8 to 10 took part of this study. Children were divided in three groups for a one-session musical workshop: (a) with string instruments; (b) with percussion instruments and; (c) a control group (workshop without musical intervention). All children were evaluated with

four time perception experiments (time discrimination, synchronization and anticipation tapping, and preferred tapping tempo) before and after the interventions. Results. Groups that took part of the musical workshops were more accurate in estimations in the posttest. Children that worked with string instruments had a more precise and uniform performance that those who worked with percussion instruments. This can be appreciated in the means of the effect sizes across experiments, Cohen’s d = 0,31 with string instruments, d = 0,24 for those who worked with percussion instruments, and d = -0,29 for the group control. Discussion. Our results go in line with previous research showing that music stimulation affects time perception, but even in children. Our music interventions made children more accurate in time estimations. We explain this effect as one-session of music stimulation (specially with string instruments) produce optimum levels of arousal for timed performance in children.

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Development of mental time line and mental number line in school aged children Felipe Lazo Roberto Aguirre Alejandro Vásquez

The interplay between vocational identity and time perspective: A study in high school students Antanas Kairys Ingrida Urbanavičiūtė Audronė Liniauskaitė Birutė Pociūtė

School of Psychology University of the Republic, Uruguay efelazo@gmail.com The research on the parallelism between the mental timeline and the mental number line has mainly focused on adults. Currently, the role of development on this parallelism is not deeply explored. The aim of this study was to observe the spatial orientation of the mental number line and the mental timeline from a developmental perspective. Additionally, we interested on related them to aggressive and prosocial behavior. We studied three groups of uruguayan children (eighty-seven subjects). First, the subjects were tested and classified on their aggressive and prosocial behavior. Second, on an Episodic Events Mental Organization Task (EEMOT) the subjects were claimed to pose a set of eight personal events (far and near past, far and near future) at the place they wanted into a circle. The centre of the circle was labeled as “Today”. Additionally, the subjects did a Number Mental Organization Task (NMOT). This time the subjects were required to pose a set of numbers

at the place they wanted into a circle. The centre of the circle was labeled as 16. The order of these tasks was counterbalanced. Our results gave support to previous studies on mental timeline and number timeline: past and short numbers are mapped to the left and future and large numbers to the right. Additionally, we found a simultaneous horizontal-vertical orientation on the form: past and short numbers were mainly posed on the left-up frame and future and large numbers on the right-down frame. We also found an interesting link between the mental timeline, the mental number line and the levels of aggressiveness and prosociality. These interactions seem a useful tool on identifying aggressive and prosocial behavior and on understanding their effects on number and time cognition. From a developmental perspective, these findings suggest that both spatial metaphors help children to consolidate number sense and episodic events.

Vilnius University, Lithuania antanas.kairys@fsf.vu.lt LinkedIn Twitter Time perspective and the sense of personal identity are important factors helping to define oneself, leading to a more consistent self-image, and thus enabling people to cope with current or future challenges in their lives. Adolescence is a critical period for identity formation. Whereas there are quite a few identity domains, vocational identity is one of the most salient domain at this stage of life. It refers to the formation of adolescents’ imagined future “professional selves” and is an important underlying process in career choices that are made in late adolescence and early adulthood. Addressing the issue of adolescents’ vocational identity, this study aims to link it to time perspective. Time perspective refers to a “fundamental dimension in the construction of psychological time” (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999, 1271). It is thus another underlying factor in career planning, which might potentially explain why certain individuals easily commit themselves to the chosen career track, whereas others stagnate a lot before making their decisions. Inevitably, career planning contains a very strong “time component”. This raises the question of the role that time perspective has in the formation of vocational identity. Previous findings (e.g. Luyckx, Lens, Smits, & Goossens, 2010) have provided some preliminary evidence on the link between time perspective and

identity. However, such studies are scarce and much more research is necessary that would allow to replicate these results and identify more specific relationship patterns between the two constructs. Therefore, the current study aims to explore this link by taking a closer look at different time perspectives and separate dimensions of vocational identity. Method. The sample consisted of 513 secondary school students from several regions in Lithuania (40.7% male; age from 14 to 19 years). Measures. To measure time perspective, the Lithuanian version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) was used. Vocational identity was measured using the modified version of the Utrecht-Management of Identity Commitments Scale (U-MICS). In its Lithuanian version, the items were slightly reformulated to address vocational identity specifically. Results. First, multiple correlations between time perspective and vocational identity dimensions were estimated. The highest obtained correlation (r = 0.33) was between future time perspective and in-depth exploration. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses were conducted to test whether vocational identity can be predicted by time perspective. Based on the results, future, past positive and present positive time perspectives predicted the identity commit35

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ment dimension; future time perspective predicted the in-depth exploration dimension; and all five time perspectives, except for present hedonistic, predicted the reconsideration of commitment dimension. Finally, hierarchical cluster analysis was used to form the clusters based on the scores of time perspective and vocational identity. The results yielded 5 time perspective and

4 vocational identity clusters. Further analysis showed some overlapping between time perspective and vocational identity clusters, which suggests that there exist more complex links between time perspective and vocational identity. During the presentation, the role of balanced time perspective in vocational choice will be discussed, providing suggestions for future research.

Temporalities as Determinants of Addictive Behaviors Among French Young People Tianna Loose Didier Acier Jean-Luc Pilet University of Nantes, France Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL) tianna.loose@etu.univ-nantes.fr LinkedIn There are many different ways to conceptualize a personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s relationship with time including the widely adopted Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI). However, over the last 10 years, a group of French psychologists working with at risk youth have been reflecting on how their clients relate to time and how mental health, notably substance use, relates to the relationship that youth have with time. For example, the psychologists observed that some clients seem to try to escape, deny or take a break from the natural passing of time and that those who â&#x20AC;&#x153;unhookâ&#x20AC;? themselves do not seem to work towards meaningful and achievable future goals. Furthermore, this process seemed to lead to substance use and other risky behaviors. On the basis of such observations as well as their review of existing literature on time, the French group created the Temporal Orientation Test in order to measure different aspects of temporality. Recently

the TOT has been revised (TOT-R) in order to include a Likert scale response format and a few new dimensions. This study has a two objectives: 1) Validate and compare two short measures of temporality among young French people: the TOT-R and the ZTPI short form (ZTPI-SF) (15 items) and 2) Study and compare dimensions of temporality, notably temporal rupture, in relationship to addictive behaviors including the use of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and the Internet. Also, in order see if the TOT-R is valid across age groups, we used subsamples of high school (n = 270) and university students (n = 253). Statistical analyses showed that three of the seven TOT-R dimensions should be retained: uncertain future (connecting with abstract, unforeseeable or imaginary future goals), anticipation (foreseeing events in the near future and adapting in advance accordingly) and temporal rupture (disen36

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gaging or disconnecting from the passing of time in order to avoid a mental overload). This three dimensional model explained 57% of the variance in exploratory analyses and maintained satisfactory fit in confirmatory analyses. A test of configurable invariance demonstrated that the model was valid for both age groups. As expected, 5 dimensions were retained for the ZTPI-SF in exploratory analyses, but confirmatory analyses indicated sub-par fit of the model. The TOT-R uncertain future was positively correlated with maladaptive perspectives of the ZTPI-SF (past negative, present fatalist), whereas anticipation was positively correlated with protective perspectives (past positive, future) and negatively correlated with maladaptive perspectives (past negative, present fatalist). Temporal rupture also transcribed an at risk profile when compared to ZTPI dimensions. More specifically temporal rupture correlates positively with past negative, present hedonist and present fatalist perspectives of the ZTPI and negatively with the ZTPI future perspective. Alcohol, cannabis, cigarette and Internet use were all significantly correlated with temporal rupture, anticipation and present hedonist time perspectives. Contrary to hy-

potheses, ZTPI future time perspective was only significantly correlated with decreased cannabis use and the uncertain future dimension of the TOT-R was only correlated with increased problematic Internet use. Problematic internet use was the only behavioral addiction we measured and was the only addictive behavior that was best explained by past negative time perspective. This work supplies French-speaking researchers and practitioners with the psychometric proprieties of two short measures of temporality and demonstrates that temporalities are an important determinant of various addictive behaviors among French youth. In clinical practice we found that giving students feedback about their TOT-R results proved to be a useful tool to facilitate a discussion about their representation of time and related risky behaviors. Using temporality in clinical interventions among young people could be a viable means to address addictive behavior without adopting moralistic rhetoric prone to engender defensive reactions and inhibit positive change.

Temporal Attitudes Profile Transition Among Adolescents: A Longitudinal Examination Using Mover-Stayer Latent Transition Analysis Michael McKay Liverpool JMU, United Kingdom teejaymck@hotmail.com As the study of temporal psychology continues to grow, the range of psychosocial indicators examined and analytic techniques used has increased. The present study makes use of recent advances in analytic methods and uses statistical inference via

longitudinal examination of latent profiles through latent transition analyses. The first two available Waves of data from a longitudinal study in the United Kingdom were used to assess the reliability and validity of time attitudes scores at Waves 1 (baseline; Age 37

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12) and 2 (+12 months; Age 13), the viability of time attitudes profiles based on Adolescent Time Inventory – Time Attitudes Scale scores at both time points, and the degree of stability and/or transition between membership of these profiles at +12 months. Participants’ mean age at baseline was 12.5 years. The relations were then assessed between time attitudes profiles and scores on a range of outcome measures: attitudes towards alcohol; context of alcohol use (if any); lifetime consumption of a full drink and subjective life expectancy (probability of expecting to live to age 35); self-efficacy and sensation seeking. A total of four latent profiles were identified (Positives, Ambivalents, Negatives, and Negative-Futures) and their relation with the four outcome measures was examined. Positives had higher scores on positive time attitude factors. Am-

bivalents tended not report strong attitudes towards any of the time periods. Negatives tended to report higher negative time attitudes and lower positive time attitudes. Negative Futures were similar to Negatives but tended to higher scores on the positive and negative time attitude for the future. Results showed that there was instability in time attitude profiles across the first two years of high school (referred to as secondary schools in some contexts). Transition to more negative profiles explained the instability, and those transitions were associated with less favorable outcomes. Membership of the Positive profile was associated with lower attitudes towards alcohol, lower reported uses of alcohol, higher reported subjective probability of living to at least 35 years of age, higher levels of self-efficacy and lower sensation seeking.

Self-regulation

Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Balanced Time Perspective as an indicator of socioemotional adaptation: Towards a theory of temporal self-regulation Maciej Stolarski, Gerald Matthews University of Warsaw, Poland mstolarski@psych.uw.edu.pl Website Research on the adaptive role of a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) has become central for the area of temporal psychology. The present consideration provides an overview of hitherto research on BTP, particularly focusing on the growing body of data analyzed using the Deviation from BTP (DBTP) indicator, first proposed by Stolarski et al. (2011). Results illustrate a pronounced role of DBTP in various aspects of human func-

tioning, including emotion, well-being, psychopathology, and quality of functioning in various life domains (work, relationships, etc.). We conclude that Time Perspective may be considered as an important mechanism of adaptation, whereas DBTP might be interpreted as an indicator of individual differences in temporal adaptation. This inference leads us to an assumption that range and flexibility of temporal horizons 38

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may be analyzed in terms of self-regulatory processes, particularly in the domains of affective and motivational functioning. We

present theoretical and empirical support for these claims, drafting initial frames for a theory of temporal self-regulation.

The Outlook on Time Dimensions and a Person’s Regulatory Mode Profile Danilo Garcia, Trevor Archer Network for Empowerment and Well-Being, Sweden danilo.garcia@icloud.com Background: Individuals approach goals by first pondering about different ways and their own capability to reach that goal (i.e., assessment) and thereafter by putting things into motion by simply starting and keep doing the behavior (i.e., locomotion) that is supposed to take them all the way to the end of a happy road. People vary in the extent to which they use these two independent and dynamic modes to regulate their behavior. That is, some individuals have an assessor profile (i.e., high in assessment/low in locomotion) and others a locomotor profile (i.e., low assessment/high locomotion). Additionally, the independency of this regulatory system also implies the probability that some individuals have a low self-regulator profile (i.e., low assessment/ low locomotion), yet others have a high self-regulator profile (i.e., high assessment/ high locomotion). Using this self-regulatory mode profiles model, we investigated individual differences in time perspective dimensions (i.e., past positive, past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic, and future) in order to explore how the outlook on time is associated to changes in regulatory mode focus. Method: Participants (N = 515) answered to the Self-regulatory Mode Questionnaire and the Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory. Profiling was conducted in the ROPstat soft-

ware using Ward’s hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Comparisons between individuals with profiles at the end extremes of the model showed that those with a locomotor profile scored higher than those with an assessor profile in the past positive and future time perspective dimensions and lower in the past negative and present fatalistic time perspective dimensions. Moreover, individuals with a high self-regulator profile scored higher than those with a low self-regulator profile in the past negative and the future time perspective dimensions. Comparisons between individuals who differed in one regulatory mode but where similar in the other suggested that high levels of past positive and low levels of both past negative and future were associated to low assessment when locomotion was high and to high locomotion when assessment was low. High levels in the future time perspective dimension were related to high levels of locomotion when assessment was high, while low levels of past negative were related to low assessment when locomotion was low. Conclusion: The model proposed here illustrates the complexity of a dynamic system of self-regulation in which the same antecedents can lead to different outcomes (i.e., multi-finality). For example, an outlook on time comprising a sentimental and positive view of the past (high past positive), a 39

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pessimistic attitude toward the past (high past negative), and the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals (high future) was associated to changes from low assessment/high locomotion to either high assessment/high locomotion or low assess-

ment/low locomotion. In other words, this specific outlook on time was associated to increases in assessment when locomotion was high but also to decreases in locomotion when assessment was low.

Time perspective and mood effects on creative problem solving Magdalena Marszal-Wisniewska University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poland mmarszal@swps.edu.pl The present study was conducted in the light of still inconclusive data regarding both direct relation between individual attitudes to time and creativity, and the effect of mood on the divergent thinking performance. After assessing individual differences in time perspective, subjects (N = 140), randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions (positive vs. negative induced mood), were required to perform divergent tasks assessing effectiveness of creative problem solving against three basic creativity criteria: fluency, flexibility, and originality of thinking. The study confirmed that independently of

individual time perspectives, positive mood causes higher level of fluency, flexibility, and originality of thinking. The results showed as well that future time perspective, regardless of actual mood state, increases the effectiveness of problem solving, but only in the scope of originality. Moreover, it appeared that the influence of present time perspectives (hedonistic and fatalistic) on the level of fluency and flexibility of thinking is dependent on sex. The results are discussed in the context of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Theory and past research on the effect of mood on creativity.

Current Time – living well with a chronic illness Alan Bec realitycheckconsultancy, United Kingdom alan.bec@realitycheckconsultancy.com Website LinkedIn Twitter ”Nothing changes the way you relate to time, like suffering from a long term chronic illness”. In this talk I will outline my own, personal experience of becoming seriously ill with

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Hear how this life changing experience collapsed my attachment to our socially agreed concept of time – that of a linear notion 40

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made up of past, present, future. Through insightful pain and suffering, I was able to unpick and repack time until it evolved into “current time” a way of “being” that frees up the linear to become parallel time – past, present, future as one whole dimension, going beyond the “now” or the “present”. Not only does this remarkably positive “current time” perspective enable me to live insightfully attentive with my incurable disease; even more importantly, it offers practical wellbeing applications and further development opportunities for all sufferers of physical & mental health conditions.

See how I will be making good use of the ZTPI and demonstrating the application of a simple, self-assessment and self-declaration tool: I have manufactured the “WIB” the “Wellbeing Indicator Badge” specially to help people, ill or not, get to grips with this creative, and some might say essential, upgrade, to how we relate to time. Now that I can live a meaningful and useful life again (whilst still being ill), I’m not only grateful, I’m keen to celebrate time with you by sharing these ideas. Lets get great minds around this talk, with a view to taking my research to the next level.

Credit Cards – The Ultimate Present Hedonist Trap Philip G. Zimbardo Nick Clements Brian Karimzad Stanford University, United States drzimbardo@gmail.com In 2014, MagnifyMoney – along with Professor Zimbardo – conducted a six nation study to understand Time Perspective and its impact on financial health. The results of the study were clear: being financially healthy depends more on your approach to time, rather than your ability to calculate compounding interest. Traditional financial literacy training, which focuses on mathematics, does not adequately prepare people to make good financial decisions. Within the study, Present Hedonists were identified as the least financially healthy group. Present hedonists impulsively indulge: they take what they want, when they want, without any thought of future consequences. Professor Zimbardo and MagnifyMoney will discuss their most recent article exploring credit cards - the ultimate present hedonist trap. The product has been designed to

have maximum negative impact on present hedonists. In particular, a credit card: Makes impulsive purchases easy: If you want to make a purchase, only a simple swipe is required. The “pain of paying” is removed. With mobile payments, only the tap of a phone is required, making it even easier to pay. For a present hedonist in a bar or at a shop, indulging becomes easy. Credit limits are much larger than an individual’s monthly income: When a credit limit is assigned, it is usually twice the monthly income of that individual. Providing such a high credit limit makes it very easy for someone to spend more than they earn and go into chronic debt. E-statements and automatic payments (set to the minimum payment) make it easy to ignore the consequences. The minimum payment of a credit card is typically 1% of the principal balance, which means repayment 41

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can take more than 25 years if only the minimum payment is due. By setting up automated payments and e-statements, individuals can largely ignore the consequences of their indulgences. Even the dreaded physical statement no longer arrives in the mail. For people with strong future orientations, a credit card can be an excellent tool. Credit cards make payments (anywhere in the world) easy, provide fraud protection and help you earn rewards. However, for a present hedonist, a credit card can easily lead to chronic debt at high interest rates and financial sickness. In the USA, 40% of American have credit card debt that they cannot pay off, and the average debt is approximately $10,000. To help people avoid chronic credit card debt: Present hedonists should consider avoiding credit cards (in their current format) entirely. It should be easier for present hedonists to obtain cards designed with their unique risks in mind. For example, a card should have a limit that is a fraction of their monthly income. The statement should be sent, in paper, each month. And only the full balance will be accepted as payment monthly. The six-nation study revealed sharp differences in the time perspectives of each country. The USA was in the middle of the pack,

with 33% of the population demonstrating a high degree of financial health. The most financially healthy country in the study was the United Kingdom, with 52% of the population scoring high in financial health. Not surprisingly, the personal loan market (structured, low interest rate product) is much more popular than credit cards for borrowing. Germany finished just behind the UK, with 41% scoring high in financial health. The concept of using a credit card to borrow is foreign to most Germans. Companies have been trying to introduce credit cards to Germany for decades, but market adoption has been slow. Instead, personal loans remain the dominant borrowing vehicle. The least financially healthy country was Brazil, with only 14% demonstrating a high level of financial health. A very high level of present hedonism in the country was a strong contributing factor. Not only has the credit card market been booming in Brazil over the last few decades, but the cost of credit cards is shockingly high. Brazilian borrowers regularly pay interest rates above 50% on their credit cards. During the presentation, we will discuss the results of our work and its implications globally.

15:40 - 16:00 Venue 01 Multisalen

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16:00 - 16:45 Venue 01 Multisalen Laughter, Lego and Leaving the Lab Helen Pilcher helenpilcher@googlemail.com Helen Pilcher is a tea-drinking, biscuit-nibbling science writer, comedian and former stem cell biologist. This is the story of how she managed to unbutton her lab coat, fashion a spade from a multichannel pipette, and dig herself a tunnel that lead out of the laboratory … and into the big wide world. Scientific careers don’t always have to follow the usual academic route. Sometimes, a curious mind and a love of all things geeky

can lead you in strange directions…like performing stand-up comedy about particle physics, writing about voodoo for New Scientist magazine, and wondering whether or not it’s possible to clone Elvis Presley from the DNA inside his pickled, preserved wart. Join Helen as she takes you on a journey through time and explains why her fascination for science knows no bounds.

17:00 - 19:00 Grand Teatret TOUT S’ACCÉLÈRE Movie screening Gilles is a former financier, who has been a teacher in the 19th arrondissement on the outskirts of Paris. Along with its 4th graders he muses about the vertiginous acceleration of our world. He is fascinated by the students’ reflection on our way of life and our relationship to time and decides to make a movie with them and involve experts in the field. Why is our society always searcing for

more growth? What is it that makes us continue to turbocharge when even children of 10 years can see that there are limits to how long it can continue? ... Director Gilles Vernet Starring Nicolas Hulot, Etienne Klein, Nicole Aubert, Hartmut Rosa, Jean-Louis Beffa France, 80 minutes

Break

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17:00 - 17:40 Venue 01 Multisalen

19:00 Venue 01 Multisalen

The Year is a Python that swallowed and Elephant Anna Lundh Performance

Welcome dinner Improv comedy - Show Apple Facebook

Royal Institute of Technology & Konstfack University College of Arts, Crafts and Design, Sweden lundh.anna@gmail.com Website This Lecture Performance is based on Anna Lundh’s visual art practice and research which focuses on time and temporality. The focus is on discrepancy between a societal and cultural understanding of time, in relation to more subjective time, as well as our struggle as human beings to grapple with this notion and concept. The presentation takes as its point of departure an experiment initiated in New York

in 2009, which tries to reveal how the brain visualizes time (specifically, the man-made time constructs such as the year, the week, etc.). The experiment includes 150 subjects in different countries, and has accumulated over 600 very particular images of time. Anna has developed a sample of these images and descriptions into a video piece.

During the opening reception you will experience a very Danish tradition of folkekøkken or people’s kitchen complemented by the unscripted comedy show performed by The Show Apple. Improvisational theatre, often called improv or impro, is a form of theater where most or all of what is performed is created at the moment it is performed. In its purest form, the dialogue, action, story, and characters are created collaboratively by the players as the improvisation unfolds in present time, without use of an already prepared, written script. The Show Apple is a high energy, loving group consisting of members from

7(!) different nations (Denmark, Austria, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Italy and Canada). With such diversity you have to be curious, understanding, listening, helpful and open-minded. Add some fun and wacky mindsets and you have the ingredients of CBS Improv, both on and off stage. Their show CBS Improv do montages inspired by a one-word suggestion, a scene paint, a monologue, a piece of music or maybe just something unexpected that happens in the moment. Their focus is on creating relationships, coherent stories, strong characters and having fun!

18:00 - 18:45 Venue 01 Multisalen Noema Theater piece by Jonte Vowinckel Independent researcher, Germany jonte.vowinckel@gmail.com The piece explores the subject of time in a mix of contemporary poetry style, including rap and classic poetry, aiming at creating an impression of linguistic meta-temporality. The topics cover the existential philosophy (mortality, isolation, responsibility, suicide),

phenomenology and epistemology (creation of subjective reality, truth, consciousness) and currently pressing societal topics (‘death of nature’, coping with refugees/ mass migration).

Tuesday, August 16

Tuesday

are the result of neglecting the future and paying far too much attention to historical and current developments. But the future is not only now, the future has also become

August 16

Sustaining Time and Innovation Processes

the most important time frame considering all the future societal, technological, political, cultural, economical, and environmental problems we have. It is time for the future!

9:40 – 9:50 Venue 01 Multisalen Open mic

9:00 – 9:40 Venue 01 Multisalen Crossroads between Innovation and Sustainability Patrick van der Duin

What are you working on? This is the moment when attendees have the chance to do a 60 second presentation between the keynotes. Share projects you’re working on and what you might need from fellow at-

tendees, rather than giving a company sales pitch. Places are allocated on a first-comefirst served basis – simply sign up at the registration desk.

P.A.vanderDuin@tudelft.nl 9:50 – 10:30 Venue 01 Multisalen Building Enduring Value: Temporal Models and Experiences of Technology Sian Lindley Dr. Patrick van der Duin is assistant professor at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and associate professor Futures Research & Trendwatching at Fontys University of Applied Sciences. He focuses on technology, management of innovation, and futures studies. In particular, he studies how organizations deal with the question about what their activities might be in the future and what kind of methods they apply for developing those. Looking to the future has been once called world’s second oldest profession. Also in modern times this activity has been put at the same level as gazing in a crystal ball. However, since WWII a serious discipline has evolved called ‘futures studies’ (but also ‘foresight’, futures research’, etc.) in which various approached and methodologies have been developed to look at those developments that are in future time. Although many acknowledge the necessity

and fun of looking to the future, in practice many find it difficult to apply the outcomes of futures studies to making decisions. A dominant focus on present issues, ‘the urgent drives out the importance’, the short period employees are involved with the organization’s they work at, are important explanations of why the future is often only looked at and rarely acted upon. Still, the future is impossible to overlook. Most societal problems we currently face 46

sianl@microsoft.com Website

A researcher in the Human Experience & Design (HXD) group at Microsoft Research in Cambridge. Her research focuses on how use of technology is influenced by the social context in which it is situated, and how understanding that context can feed into design. I will discuss findings from eight threemonth deployments of Timecard, a device designed to provoke reflection on the concept of the ‘technology heirloom’. Deploying

Timecard with households allowed us to explore how perceptions of enduring value were affected by (i) two different temporal models that underpinned its use, and (ii) the 47

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materiality of the device. With regard to (i), I contrast two orientations to the relationship between content and time, whereby content is either produced on the fly and in the moment, or is intended to be stored for the long-term. I will discuss how the adoption of these different temporal orientations led to differences in the ways in which content is curated, encountered, and framed as holding value, impacting the ways in which technologies are perceived over time. With re-

gard to (ii), I will compare findings from the deployment of bespoke Timecard devices, crafted from materials that will last, with a Timecard application running on an off-theshelf tablet computer. I will show how bringing temporal models to the fore results in the production of different considerations for design, considerations that may prove valuable if building technologies where the hope is for enduring value.

10:30 - 11:00 Venue 01 Multisalen Coffee break / Poster session / Meet the Artist

Posters Cross-cultural Psychology Back to the Future: Windows of Tolerance Tacey Ruffner, Mijane Parker tacey_ruffner@yahoo.com Our poster meets the criteria of innovation, sustainability and well-being by highlighting a literacy-based approach to extend time orientation from the present to the past and future through a developmental, window-of-tolerance lens. It illustrates how written material can be purposed relationally to teach FTP by honouring learners’ present-time orientation and developmental stages. Our approach is cross-disciplinary in that it overlaps best English as a Second Language literacy practices, time perspective research, and narrative therapy through a relational and trauma-informed lens. It can help solve the on-going issue of low literacy levels, especially for immigrant populations

in English-speaking countries, and is easily accessible to non-ESL instructors. Our purpose is to illustrate the concurrent interactions of various fields, including time perspective, psychological well-being and literacy. The conscious inclusion of these fields of study can help improve literacy levels of immigrant and First Nations populations, and native-born English speakers as well. We share a strong interest in trauma, especially in its affects on social functioning and language acquisition. Our target audience includes any professionals who work with people who may not be functioning at their optimum: teachers, social workers, counselors, and/or psychol48

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ogists. Our strategy is to show how a small shift in verb tenses in written material can lead to an expanded window of tolerance and FTP, when introduced mindfully and on a regular basis. We would like to experience a sense of community with other professionals regarding the importance of the linkage between improved literacy and

well-being. Back to the Future: Windows of Tolerance will contribute to continuing the diversity of viewpoints on how our collective efforts can benefit people whose sense of the future has been fore-shortened. May we please have a wall?

Temporal Distance in Iran: Judging Moral Transgressions and Virtues Danilo Garcia, Saleh Moradi Network for Empowerment and Well-Being, Sweden danilo.garcia@icloud.com Background: One of the most prominent theories addressing how temporal distance is related to human cognition, Construal Level Theory, was developed through observations in various fields of psychology, such as memory and moral reasoning (Trope & Liberman, 2003). This theory posits that near-future events are construed as being more concrete, complex, and contextualized (i.e., low-level construals), whilst distant-future events are construed as being more abstract, simple and decontextualized (i.e., high-level construals). As a result of different levels of construal, people tend to see immoral actions set in the distant-future (e.g., ten years from the present) as more of a moral transgression if it was to happen in the near-future (e.g., one week from the present). Here we investigate if these findings can be replicated in Iran rather than, as most conducted research, western cultures. Method: 109 Iranians were randomly assigned to three different conditions: present, one-week, and ten-years. In each condition

participants were asked to judge (7-point Likert scale; 1 = totally morally wrong, 7 = totally morally right) how they though people in five moral situations had acted (e.g., friends lying to each other, giving money to charity, adopting a disable child). Results: A Multiple Analysis of Variance showed that there was no difference between conditions in how any of the five moral actions were judged by the participants (F(10, 204) = 1.22, p = .28, Wilks’ Lambda = .89). Conclusion: The earlier findings on the effect of temporal distance on moral judgments were not replicated. One reason might be the different cultural contexts. After all, cultures differ to the extent people use moral ethics of agency (self), communion (others), and spirituality (God or Divine Intervention) to judge the actions or fate of others (Shweder, Much, Mahapatra & Park, 1997). A strong awareness of one’s values in the ethic principle of spirituality, for instance, might explain that the power of time does not grabs hold of one’s perception of right or wrong.

Tuesday, August 16

Work Organizational Psychology The Change of Time Perspective by Years of Work Experience among Young Employees Miku Yoshida, Atsuko Kanai ADVANTAGE Risk Management Co., Ltd., Japan miku.y.0213@gmail.com It has been pointed out that, in the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood, time perspective is tried to recorganized. Present study focused on young employees who were in a transitional period from adolescence to adulthood. Especially, this research aimed to figure out the differences of time perspectives between people who have several years work experience and people who have little work experience. In order to capture their time perspective, a semi-structured interview was conducted. The participants were 40 young employees; 20 employees who have 2 years work experience and another 20 employees who have 5 to 10 years work experience. The verba-

tim descriptions of interviews classified into several categories by using KJ method. The results of chi-square test suggested the differences by years of work experience as follows: (1) employees who have little work experience tend to be aware of the only superficial relationship between their past and present, (2) employees who have several years work experience, on the other hand, tend to realize the relationship between their past, present, and even future. Those findings suggested some useful knowledge to assist young employees. Their other differences by years of work experience were also discussed from the point of view of developmental and occupational support.

Time perspective and team success Jane Trueman Kingston University, United Kingdom k0321518@kingston.ac.uk @jane_trueman Teams usually work to time constraints, either implicit or explicit, and there is typically an effort to use time effectively in order to achieve a team’s aims. Temporal constructs are fundamental parameters of individual differences (Bluedorn & Denhardt, 1998). These differences in how people behave in relation to time can affect both an individual’s and a team’s performance. Combined scores on the Zimbardo & Boyd (1999) time perspective factors were ob-

tained from separate groups of participants, working together in small (3-6 members) academic teams for two different durations, to examine the relationship between five of the factors and team success as measured by their academic performance. In the long duration projects (a full academic year) the “future” factor (characterised by planning for future occasions) was positively correlated with academic success, whereas the “present fatalistic” factor (characterised by a 50

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belief that the future is influenced by fate rather than by personal effort) was negatively correlated with academic success. In shorter projects (8 weeks) only present fatalism was negatively correlated with academic success but there was no significant correlation between the future factor and academic success. This research suggests that the future and present fatalistic time factors are relevant to the success of tasks for longer term projects, and that the present fatalistic factor is relevant to mid-duration tasks; therefore

these factors should be given consideration when constructing teams. References. Bluedorn, A.C. & Denhardt, R.B. (1988). Time and Organizations. Journal of Management, 14, 299-320. doi: 10.1177/014920638801400209 Zimbardo, P.G & Boyd, J.N. (1999). Putting time in perspective: A valid reliable individual-differences metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1271-1288. doi: 10.1177/0961463X10373960

The relationship between time perspective and conflicts between work and family Boštjan Bajec University of Ljubljana, Slovenia bostjan.bajec@ff.uni-lj.si LinkedIn In this study the relationship between time perspective dimensions and work-family and family-work conflict was tested. On a sample of 646 employed participants it was established that some of the dimensions of the time perspective measured with Zimbardo time perspective inventory (Zimbardo and Boyd, 1999) explain variance beyond one explained by big five traits measured with Big five inventory (John, Donahue, and Kentle, 1991) for the work-family conflict and family-work conflict measured by the Work-family and Family-work conflict scales

(Netemeyer, Boles and McMurrian, 1996). Time perspective dimensions add 3.1% of variance explained to the big five dimensions (which explain 5.4% of variance) when we predict work-family conflict and 5.7% of variance explained to the big five dimensions (which explain 6.3% of variance) when we predict family-work conflict. Results show that in order to lessen work-family conflict future time perspective dimension should be addressed, and to lessen family-work conflict past-negative dimension should be dealt with.

Tuesday, August 16

Time to work: Pacing Styles, Time Perspectives and Personality Traits Oliwia Maciantowicz, Joanna Witowska, Marcin Zajenkowski University of Warsaw, Poland oliwia.maciantowicz@psych.uw.edu.pl Website In the present study, we examined the asociation between time perspective (TP) and a recently developed construct of pacing styles. Both concepts refer to time, but the former concerns the tendency to concentrate on past, present or future (time perspectives), while the latter describes behavioral preferences regarding the distribution of effort over time in working toward deadlines (pacing styles). Our results indicate that two of three pacing styles are associated with different personality traits and TPs. Deadline pacing style (complete the bulk of the work in a relatively short period of time just before the deadline) was positively associated with present hedonistic orientation and openness to experience. Regression analysis showed that, after controlling for

openness to experience, present hedonistic orientation explained more variance in deadline pacing style than personality. The second analysis was performed for steady pacing style (engage in a constant work pace and spread out task activities evenly over time) together with conscientiousness and future time orientation. As in the former case, future time perspective accounted for an additional variance in steady pacing style, beyond personality trait. Finally, both considered pacing styles were also associated with Deviation from Balanced Time Perspective. Our results have shown that one’s time perspective might be important in working styles, because it influences on preferences to tasks execution.

Development Quarter-life crisis and time perspective Anna Tylikowska

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quarter-life crisis suggest that it is somehow related to a personal time perspective (supposedly like other life span crises). Is it possible that particular configurations of time perspective make some young people more susceptible to experience quarter-life crisis?

Or perhaps experiencing quarter-life crisis influences one’s time perspective? This presentation aims to initially explore potential connections between quarter-life crisis and individual time perspective.

The difference of relationships between adolescent’s time attitude and the view of death and life by identity status Ryo Ishii Nagoya University, Japan nxt001@gmail.com Previous researches have pointed out the relationships between time perspective and thoughts of death. Those relationships, however, seems not to be same among all adolescents, because their developmental attainment levels are different. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of relationships between adolescent’s time attitude and the view of death and life by identity status. A total of 196 undergraduates and vocational school students participated in the questionnaire survey. Participants’ identity was measured by the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS), and through cluster analysis of the DIDS responses, participants were divided into 5 identity status groups: foreclosure, achievement, searching moratorium, care-

free diffusion, and diffused diffusion. The results of correlational analysis showed different relationships between time attitude and the view of death and life depending on the identity status. For example, death anxiety has relation to negative attitude toward future and present in carefree diffusion group, but it has relation to positive attitude toward past in achievement and diffused diffusion group. Also, the interest in death is correlated to negative attitude toward past in foreclosure group, but in diffused diffusion group, it is correlated to positive attitude toward past. Those findings suggested the relation between identity development and development of transcendental time perspective.

Pedagogical Univeristy of Cracow, Poland antylikowska@gmail.com Website Quarter-life crisis is quite a new concept describing psychological situation of people between ages 25 and 35, who embark their adult lives or start questioning their hitherto choices. Such people may experience frustration, stress, anxiety and depression which stem from looking back at their pre-

vious life decisions and their consequences, feeling of discomfort at a present time, sometimes intense (connected with a sense of being trapped or detached from oneself and everything around, living life „on autopilot” or „in lie”, etc.), or being afraid of their future. Preliminary psychological data on 52

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Time Perspective and Age: Time Orientation in Younger and Older Adults Zena R. Mello

Time perspectives and Eriksonian life-span development in adulthood Toshiaki Shirai

San Francisco State University, United States zmello@sfsu.edu Website

Osaka Kyoiku University, Japan shirai@cc.osaka-kyoiku.ac.jp

Time perspective is a multidimensional cognitive and motivational construct, which has been defined as an individual’s perception of the past, the present, and the future (Mello & Worrell, 2015; Zimbardo & Body, 1999). One dimension of time perspective is time orientation that refers to a preference for a particular time period (Mello & Worrell, 2015). Scores on the Adolescent Time Inventory-Time Orientation Scale (ATI-TOS) have been associated with self-esteem, academic achievement, and risky behavior in adolescent samples (Mello, Finan, & Worrell, 2013). Although time perspective has been theorized to develop across the life-span (Mello & Worrell, 2015), few studies have yet to examine how orientations towards multiple time periods are related to age. Prior research that has focused solely on the future has shown that an emphasis towards this time period increases from age 10 to 30 (Steinberg et al., 2009). Thus, the current study sought to contribute to the field by addressing the following research question: how does time orientation differ between young and older adults? Participants included two samples of young and older adults from a Western region of the United States. The young adult sample and ranged in age from 18-26 (M =

20.62, SD = 1.79; 79.86% female) and the older adult sample ranged in age from 5585 (M = 70.12, SD = 6.10; 73.3% female) The ATI-TOS (Mello & Worrell, 2007) was used to assess participants’ orientation to a particular time period. The TOS includes circles of varying size indicating an emphasis toward the past, the present, and/or the future. Prior research with adolescents has shown it be a valid measure (Mello et al., 2013). Results shown in Figure 1 indicated that 25% of the older adults were present oriented compared to only 7% of the young adult sample. Additionally, only 2% of older adults endorsed the past-future orientation compared to 15% of the young adults. The most frequent orientation was present future, with 38% of older adults and 48% of the young adults endorsing this orientation. This study contributed to our limited understanding of age-related variation in time perspective by examining time orientation in younger and older adults. Findings indicated that older adults were more present orientated than younger adults. This study builds on previous research focusing on the future time period (Steinberg et al., 2009) by including a measure that includes multiple time periods.

Time perspective (TP) is composed of hope, pursuing goals, fulfillment, and accepting the past. They may relate with life-span development from Eriksonian view. Participants (age 32 to 44; N = 164) answered a questionnaire. As the results, 30’s showed associations with basic trust (r = .37 to .46 for TP components, ps < .01) and industry (r = .39 to .53, ps < .01), while 40’s adds associations with identity (r = .43 to .62, ps <

.01), intimacy (r = .44 to .50, ps < .01), and generativity (r = .53 to .59, ps < .01) to basic trust. These suggest, first, since Erikson (1968) suggests that TPs relate with basic trust, the finding is fit to his theory. Second, salience of association with industry indicates the importance of self-actualization in 30’s. Third, more associations in 40’s than in 30’s may be due to caring and facing midlife crisis.

The Structure of Time Perspective in Relation to Age Aneta Przepiorka The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland aneta.przepiorka@gmail.com The main aim of the present study was to explore the structure of time perspective measured with the Polish version of ZTPI in different age groups. There were 2789 adults who took part in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis of ZTPI items was conducted in the group of respondents aged 18-78 years to verify the original five-factor structure. As the next step the separate exploratory factor analyses were carried out in three age groups: 18-27, 28-39, and 4065 years old. As a result, in the group of students, a fairly clear, five-factor structure for TP was estab-

lished. In the group of the oldest respondents, the three-factor structure emerged: The Past-Negative combined with the Present-Fatalistic, and the Past-Positive combined with the Future and a separate factor corresponding to the Present-Hedonistic scale. The implications from the study will be discussed in the light of the socioemotional selectivity theory. Our findings resulting in the reduced number of elements in TP with age can be interpreted as a manifestation of the development trend to integrate different areas of mental operation, including the field of reference to time.

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Afterlife – How do adolescents relate to the question of post-death future Thomas Neubauer, Verena Urban

Time Orientation as an Indicator of Adolescent Substance Use in School Zena R. Mello

Heidelberg University neubauer@ibw.uni-heidelberg.de

San Francisco State University, United States zmello@sfsu.edu Website

Although Zimbardo and Boyds (1997) findings with Transcendental Future Time Perspective (TFTP) show that teenagers (13-20) score above average on the transcendental-future scale, little is known about the contents of the transcendental future time perspective of adolescents. Are the goals of the adolescents connected to this specific time period goals that are commonly assumed when thinking of afterlife like reunion with the deceased loved ones, eternal life, the avoidance of eternal damnation or the escape of a miserable life? How do young adults think about the afterlife? Is this specific time period only ‘real’ as a psychological construct for religious adolescents? Or are there also other, specifically non-religious ways of constructing one’s personal transcendent perspective among adolescents? In order to inquire about the previous questions, we conducted semi-structured interviews with adolescents. This is in line with Van Beek & Kairys (2015) who propose more qualitative research on TFTP. The adolescents (n=20; age 15-16) came from different social, religious and cultural backgrounds, some of them with a migration background, some/all of them at a point in their lives, where they had to take an important life-decision. We asked them about their idea of afterlife and wanted them to describe how they get there, to see

if there is a relation between how they lead their present lives and what happens for them in the transcendent future. First evaluations by content analysis (Mayring 2008) indicate that religious adolescents have a very clear picture of this time perspective and take this into account in their life-decisions and/or everyday life choices. But also lots of non-religious adolescents are not totally opposed to this time perspective and some are even searching for alternative ways to transcend themselves. Especially individuals living in a rather low SES display a tendency to consider transcendental issues relevant for one’s own life. These adolescents can describe clear pictures of afterlife in contrast to those being more successful academically. The latter apply more physical/physiological explanations of the afterlife. Our results can contribute to a more differentiated perspective on adolescents’ transcendental future time perspective by carving out contents of transcendence. This might facilitate the theoretical perspective that transcendental life exists in a variety of configurations; even if it is expressed as finding transcendental eternity in the mortal world. Further analysis of our data will lead to a systematic corpus of contents of adolescents’ transcendental future time perspective.

Adolescent substance use is a nationwide cause for concern in the United States. In 2013, nearly one-fourth of high school students reported regularly drinking alcohol or smoking marijuana, and these numbers increase greatly when considering past year and lifetime use (CDC, 2013). Moreover, an alarming 90% of American high school students stated that substances are being used on campus during school hours (NCASA, 2012). Research has also shown that males and older adolescents tend to have higher rates of substance use compared to their counterparts (Simões et al., 2014). Time perspective, a cognitive-motivational construct that assesses the thoughts and feelings one holds toward the past, present, and future, has been shown to predict substance use in college students (Keuogh et al., 1999). One component of time perspective is time orientation, defined as the emphasis one places toward each time period (Mello & Worrell, 2015). Research with adults has shown that a present orientation is positively associated with substance use (Keough et al., 1999). However, this relationship has not been examined specifically with adolescents while considering age and gender. Thus, we posed the research question: how does time orientation predict adolescent substance use on school property, while controlling for gender and age? Self-reported data were collected from 1,961 participants (50.2% female; Mage = 15.86, SDage = 1.27) at a public high school in a western American state. Substance use on campus was measured by asking the

participants how frequently they used each substance (i.e., cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, and any other illegal drug) on school property within the past 30 days. Response options ranged from 1 (0 days) to 6 (2030 days), with mean scores being used for analyses. The Time Orientation Scale (TOS; Mello & Worrell, 2007) was used to assess participants’ orientation towards the time periods. The TOS includes seven response options with circles of varying sizes representing the past, the present, and the future in each option. Larger circles indicated an emphasis toward a particular time period, with one, two, or three periods represented as large. Prior research has shown that it is valid with adolescents (Mello et al., 2013). Analysis of variance indicated that substance use in school was related to time orientation, after controlling for gender and age, F(6, 1532) = 3.70, p < .01, d = 0.014. Simple main effect analyses, with Bonferroni corrections, indicated that those with a balanced orientation (i.e., emphasizing all three time periods simultaneously) engaged in significantly less substance use on school property (M = 0.04) than both those with a present orientation (M = 0.23; t[430] = 3.31, p < .05, d = 1.08) and those with a future orientation (M = .21; t[457] = 3.09, p < .05, d = 0.86). Importantly, both of these tests yielded large effect sizes. In sum, our findings extend the topic of time perspective and substance use to adolescents. Results are consistent with previous research that has included adults in which time perspective predicted substance use 57

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(Keough et al., 1999). Further, this study also expands our knowledge to substances that are used in schools. Within this setting and developmental period, a balanced orientation was shown to be associated with the least amount of substance use in school.

Given that adolescent substance use has serious consequences for life outcomes (Rattermann, 2014), a fruitful avenue of future research would be to examine how time perspective may be used in interventions to promote healthy behaviors.

Meet the Artist Helen Kholin - Sometimes Time Daria Klimas - Time & self-consciousness Anastasia Spitsina

11:00 - 12:30

Parallel sessions TIME PERSPECTIVE AND HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION Venue 04 Lille sal (small room) Digital race? The impact of time pressure on media multitasking and creativity. Justyna Kramarczyk, Małgorzata Osowiecka, Jakub Kuś Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland jkra@amu.edu.pl Many sociological and psychological researchers emphasize that the complexity and high speed of the technological environment creates new temporal expectations to the actions of a modern man. Individual practices, which are simultaneous, effective, and compressed in time and space, seem to be more preferable than ever before. Therefore, it is not surprising that we could observe a growing, academic and public, interest in phenomenona like time pressure, media multitasking, and efficiency of one’s behaviour [e.g. Moon, Anderson 2013; Wa-

jcman 2015]. As a background of our presentation, we would like to take into consideration the discrepancy between the existing research findings in this area. On the one hand, the perception of time pressure can affect the tendency to multitask and the efficiency of tasks performance; on the other, time pressure may be a consequence of simultaneously performing multiple tasks at the same time. It has been shown that the efficiency of the performance of cognitive tasks in an environment with the time pressure de58

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pends on the interest of the task and its difficulty. Additionally, the feeling of not having enough time and being inefficient reduces our cognitive abilities, resulting in lower correctness of the actions [Lee, Han 2014]. Adler & Benbunan-Fich [2011] proved the existence of the connection between efficiency, creativity and multitasking level - the highest productivity is observed among people with average level of multitasking, the highest correctness however, when level of multitasking is low. Despite the variety of studies, relatively little has been said about relations between these phenomena in Poland. It seems to be crucial to get more knowledge and verify the above-mentioned findings by conducting the Polish research. Conclusions from

these studies could be useful, not only for scientists, but also for entrepreneurs, managers and HR specialists. That is why, during the speech, we are going to present the results of own empirical research, carried out among Polish Internet users. The main objective of our presentation is to explore the relationship between these three elements with the usage of combination of three tools: Time - Pressure Questionnaire (TPQ), Polish adaptation of Multitasking Frequency Questionnaire (MFQ; Popławska, Osowiecka & Kramarczyk, 2015) and Alternative Uses Task. The presented findings will shed a new light on the complex issue of the role of time pressure in the context of the functioning of multitasking.

Computer game as an internal time machine Denis Fisenko Tyumen State University, Russia Fiss_Laeda87@mail.ru The concept of time is not only the abstract meaning of movement from the past to the future. Time is also a specific cultural and historical content. If you imagine time in the form of a long straight, which stretches from the past, through the present and future of mankind, then this line is divided into 8 sectors. Each of them corresponds to one of the cultural-historical periods through which humanity has passed into the future making. Each period is a unique combination of geographic, economic, cultural, social and other factors that may influence human. Therefore, unique values prevail in the picture of the world of every cultural-historical period. These values are basic elements of the picture of the world. Although these periods follow each other, their fundamental values

do not disappear. They are pushed into the unconscious, but remain in the psyche of people. Mind of a modern human possesses values of the all previous epochs. Computer game largely reflects the current social and cultural processes. In computer games a person gets in game situations, where (as in real life) value-semantic mechanisms can be actualized. Especially this is typical for such game genre as RPG. Exactly this genre offers players a story filled with cultural content of the Middle Ages, Antiquity, Renaissance and other historical periods. As a result, the player through the mechanism of identification with his character uses the values of these historical periods. He can really become the wild “barbarian”, for whom the main values are strength and aggression. Or he can become a knight, for 59

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whom godliness and compassion are the most important. But actualization of the values of different epochs depends not only on the cultural content of computer games, but also what kind of game mechanism is built into its foundation. From this we can deduce which

values will prevail for the players of different computer game genres. In the empirical study we check the theoretical concepts and relate the values of different historical periods with computer game genres.

Time Focused Incitements; Re-examining Previous Findings with Ecologically Valid Data Karl Drejing, Danilo Garcia, Sverker Silkström University of Skövde, Sweden karl.drejing@his.se Background: Many theories try to explain our perceptions and evaluations of life events in different temporal dimensions. Previous experiments have discovered a temporal asymmetry that suggests that the valence of imagined future events is more intense than if the same event was imagined to occur in the past. However, most research has focused on fictitious events that may be influenced by selection biases from researchers conducting the experiments. Our aim is to investigate if these previous findings are replicable using a large corpus with news articles from Reuters. This dataset presents a type of communication of events that is part of most of peoples’ lives, thus, allowing an ecological validation of past findings. Method: We used 10,000 articles from about one thousand journalists who wrote news stories during 1997. As time markers we selected 10 solid verb conjugations (past and present tense) and 2 auxiliary verbs (future tense), and secondly 5 specific years: 19951996 (past), 1997 (present), and 1998-1999 (future). The valence of contexts in the articles was extrapolated by sentiment analysis. Results: Verbs as the time markers generated 20,225 contexts, while years generat-

ed 16,396 contexts. An ANOVA found an effect of verb groups (past tense, present tense and future tense) on the contexts’ valence (F = 828.51, df = 2; 20219, p < 0.001). A two-tailed independent sample t-test found a significant difference between past and present (t(9225) = -11.91, p < 0.001) and between present and future (t(14004) = -17.86, p < 0.001). An ANOVA reveled an effect of year groups (1995-1996, 1997, and 1998-1999) on valence (F = 114.22, df = 5; 16390, p < .001). A LSD post-hoc test showed that valence was higher (p < .001) for the 1999-contexts (future) compared to contexts in all the other year groups. Conclusion: Despite of the fact that the data we used here contained a mixture of positive and negative events, our results indicate that future valence > present > past. We argue that these results need to be seen in the light of recent findings using computer simulations, which suggest that individuals who communicate self-beneficial evaluative statements are more likely to survive than individuals not doing so. In addition, humans strive to create legacies for the benefit of future generations. Thus, in real life positive evaluative statements about the future are 60

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an incitement to change and to strive forward rather than backward, thus suggesting a time focused incitement to change. In

essence we seem to communicate that the past is dark but the future is bright.

The Outlook on Time Dimensions in Facebook Users’ Status Updates Danilo Garcia, Karl Drejing, Michal Kosinski, Sverker Sikström Network for Empowerment and Well-Being, Sweden danilo.garcia@icloud.com Background: Humans’ episodic memory system allows the remembrance of past events and the creation of hypothetical (im)probable events. Most, if not all, studies examining how past and future events are valued have been conducted using narrowly defined conditions. For example focusing exclusively on positive or negative fictive events. In reality, however, the way people express their apprehension of past, present, and future events, is a dynamic mixture of positive and negative events and opinions. For instance, people use online social network websites to share memories of past events and predictions and hopes for the future, but also to inform others of what they are currently eating, doing, or thinking (i.e., the present). Earlier research has emphasized that boosting images of self is an effect of the socially competitive nature of Facebook. Furthermore, people see their present self as the final version of themselves (Quidbach et al., 2013). On this basis and in contrast to earlier studies from the laboratory, we propose that in a contemporary natural environment of human communication, such as Facebook, people express higher valence

in statuses describing present events compared to statuses describing past and/or future events. Method: The Facebook statuses were gathered from the myPersonality.org project. We investigated the valence of words written in the same context as two specific temporal markers (i.e., years and verbs) by quantifying Facebook users’ status updates using the Latent Semantic Analysis algorithm. In short, the average estimated valence was calculated for words in contexts of the 15 words preceding/following each time marker. For years (642 000 statuses) the data were divided into categories relative to 2011, which was the year when the data was collected. For verbs (921 124 statuses) the data was divided in verbs used in the past, present and future tenses. Results: As expected, valence showed a peak in the 2011 contexts compared to those between 2005 and 2015. Nevertheless, while the verbs used in the present tense had higher valence that those used in the past tense, verbs used in the present tense did not differed in valence to verbs used in the future tense.

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The virtual thematic route: Emil Benčić—From Experience to Infinity Lavoslava Benčić School of Arts University of Nova Gorica, Slovenia lavoslava@bencic.si Portfolio LinkedIn This project addresses the creation and implementation of new media activities regarding the importance of the artistic work of Croatian artist Emil Benčić (1930–2011). The problem/purpose is to ensure that knowledge about him survives the time limitations of human life. The general mission is to encode his heritage permanently through new media methods and to preserve it in the new media space and be accessible and relevant for present and future generations. In the context of the research-oriented and practice-focused process, we investigated alternate digital heritage platforms and examples of good practices, we mastered available tools and technologies, and we realized creative solutions up to the pub-

lic presentation stage. The result of the research, based on previously defined goals, is the multimedia project “The virtual thematic route Emil Benčić—From Experience to Infinity”. In its current stage, the content is implemented in eight subprojects (content), designed on infinity shape (∞). It is virtually located permanently on the Istrian peninsula Punta Busola (Croatia). The practical outcomes are subprojects implemented as augmented reality application for mobile devices; timelines/databases, videos, panography, installation, cymatics, graphical sound, performance, storytelling, and gamification. At the conference, participants may become familiar with the research and practical results of the project.

THE ROLE OF TIME PERSPECTIVE IN SOCIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESSES Venue 01 Multisalen The Collective Time Perspective and Social Integration: Group Members’ Attitudes towards Common Past, Present and Future Timofei Nestik Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia nestik@gmail.com Website LinkedIn The cognitive, affective and behavioral components of collective time perspective are analyzed. Study 1 (N = 168) revealed 5

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short-termed optimistic. Results showed that groups with balanced time perspective (positive attitudes toward collective past, present and future) are characterized by the highest level of social integration and perceived team effectiveness. Studies 2 (N = 477) and 3 (N = 1477) explored attitudes toward the collective past, present and future among Russian adults. The cluster analysis revealed 5 types of collective time perspec-

tive: balanced, nostalgic, optimistic, fatalistic, and illusory. The findings showed that person’s benevolence, tolerance, assumptions about benevolence and controllability of world allow her to think about the distant common future and evaluate it positively. The balanced collective time perspective is related to positive ethnic and civic identities, prosocial attitudes and social trust. Directions of future research are proposed.

Relationships between work time perspectives and career attitudes among Japanese employees Kotoe Konishi Kobe University, Japan pingupost@hotmail.com Though research and practices in business have been overarching a full of time-related issues, such as, time efficiency, work schedule, overtime work hours, time management, business plan, and career perspectives, the construct of time perspective has attracted scant attention from industrial and organizational psychologists and business practitioners. Because of the close connection between work and life, however, it is thought that career perspectives in work settings are parallel to time perspectives in life. This study tries to analyze the relationships between employees’ time perspectives and their attitudes toward jobs and career. Based on the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), this study developed a measure that can describe individual time perspectives in work settings. Five hundred twenty four Japanese workers were asked to respond to the work time per-

spective as well as to job satisfaction, loyalty to organizations, to career planning, perception of unclear career, and turnover intention. Future (F), present hedonistic (PH), and past positive (PP) were grouped into positive time perspectives, while present fatalistic (PF) and past negative (PN) were classified as negative time perspectives in this study. Regression analyses found that the employees who were high in positive time perspectives were more likely to be satisfied with their works and less likely to change jobs. Those who were high in negative perspectives were less likely to be content to their works and more likely to search for new jobs. The significant relationships between time perspective and career attitudes were found in this study that can expand the fields of time perspective research to career management and career counseling. Discussion and limitation are provided.

types of collective time perspective in Russian organizations’ teams: balanced, pessimistic, long-termed optimistic, fatalistic and 62

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How Time Perspectives Facilitate and Inhibit Burnout Tendencies – Evidence from an Occupational Sample Alexander Unger University of Applied Sciences Ludwigshafen, Germany alunger@web.de We tested the influence of time perspective measured by the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) on the burnout-tendency of a German sample (n = 151), which was measured by the German version of the Maslach-Burnout-Inventory (MBI-GS-D). We tested the relationship in a sample consisting of professional employees of an international Company located in Germany (n = 72) with a low level of working-autonomy, and career-integrated MBA students (n = 79) with a high level of working-autonomy. The Past Negative and Present Fatalistic were identified as significant factors on emotional exhaustion; the Past Negative, the Past Positive, and the Future on depersonalization; and the Present Hedonistic

and the Future on personal accomplishments. Unexpected results were observed for the Future. The assumed enhancing role of the Future on a burnout-tendency was not observed. Instead the Future seems to play a positive role of prevention of high burnout-tendencies. Further, it was shown that high deviations from a Balanced Time Perspective (DTBP) caused an increase in all three burnout-dimensions. The differences between both of the subsamples in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were mediated by the Present Fatalistic. The limitations of the current study, possible future research directions, and potential approaches for burnout-prevention or therapy, are issued.

Narrative time Patrick Dawson, Christopher Sykes University of Aberdeen and University of Wollongong, Australia p.dawson@abdn.ac.uk Time has often been ignored in the storytelling and sensemaking literatures and does not appear at all in the extensive review by Rhodes and Brown (2005) on narratives and storytelling. In Weick’s (1995) theorizing it is time past, through the backward glance in the association of events that connect through space-time that takes centre stage. In this work, retrospection stands as the distinguishing characteristic, that is, sensemaking is triggered retrospectively by unforeseen and unusual events - that

may threaten identities – in which people seek to make plausible sense of what has occurred. Conventional taken-for-granted time in the ticking of the clock (clock time) and the organization of business (in the use of the calendar in planning and scheduling operations, meetings and work practices) dominate theories of people in organizations. Individual and group time perspectives (Zimbardo and Boyd, 2010; Levine 1998) have remained largely absent within the sociological, management and business 64

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organization disciplines with the dominant concepts of chronological, linear, and business times dominating whilst retrospective time underlies notions of sensemaking in organizations which constrains conceptualization of time narrowing our understanding of narrative time in stories and failing to accommodate the broader concept of temporal sensemaking and how different time perspectives influence our experience of work in organizations. This paper seeks to open up this debate in a cross-disciplinary review of narratives and stories in organizational context and a case study analysis of

individual and group temporal sensemaking during a period of transition and duress in an Australian mining operation. This is important in furthering not only our practical understanding of how people make and give sense to changes at work but also, to broadening conceptual and theoretical developments in organization studies beyond a more myopic constrained conception of time embedded in clocks and the Gregorian calendar and moving beyond the retrospective glance in understanding individual and groups processes of sensemaking.

Emergence of meaning, experienced duration and estimated duration of a work Béatrice Madiot UPJV Crcpo, France madiot@ehess.fr After watching a 40-minute excerpt of the “Qatsi Trilogy”, 473 students estimated its duration and answered 8 open questions relating to emotion, aesthetic appreciation and authorial intent. In accordance with previous studies (Fraisse and Montmollin, Denis, Ethis, Francès, Imberty), subjects overestimate the duration of the screening and frame their responses using the vocabulary of change, which both refers here to structural elements of the work as well as its content. The content analysis of subjects’ responses was made by cross-referencing four estimated duration categories (underestimation, accurate estimation, low overestimation, and substantial overestimation) with the presence or absence of the vocab-

ulary of change. This reveals 8 ways of comprehending the work. While previous studies merely focused on cognitive processes, this study shows that the work’s content elements play a nodal role in the estimation of its duration. The less they are mobilized, the more the estimated duration increases if the vocabulary of change is not used, whereas if subjects use the vocabulary of change, estimated duration decreases as they focus on the content. The estimated duration shortens especially as subjects both focus on the content and evoke emotions, their own viewing history, music, cognitive elements, and the effects of the work on the viewer – if and only if they use the vocabulary of change.

Tuesday, August 16

workshop

12:30 – 13:30 Venue 01 Multisalen

How to make complicated science fun and interesting: There’s no excuse to be boring Helen Pilcher

Lunch

Venue 05 Store sal (big room)

helenpilcher@googlemail.com

13:30 – 14:10 Venue 01 Multisalen Innovative processes in health industries Christophe Bureau theonlyxtof@me.com

This science communication workshop will be led by science writer, comedian and former scientist Helen Pilcher, who has spent the last 15 years making complicated science fun and interesting. It is aimed at those who want to communicate their science to non-specialist audiences, be it through writing or through talks and presentations. In

an interactive session, Helen will explain how to pitch your science at the right level, get your message across and avoid the nemesis of science communication; jargon! Be prepared to talk to Helen about your science and join in! This session is open to all but may be of particular interest to those pitching at the 60 second ‘Open Mic’ slots.

Founder & President at Beeyond S.A.S., Doctor of Quantum Physics, founder of Alchimer and AlchiMedics companies. He received the first National Prize of the Contest for Business Initiative from French Ministry of Research in 2001 and the Award for Management of Innovation by the news magazine “L’Expansion” in 2011.

workgroup

Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Subjective time while in transit – special session sponsored by French Regional Railways Nicolas Fieulaine, Anna Sircova, Aurelija Deksnyte - part 1 During this Idea Lab we will work on a special case provided by SNCF - French Regional Railways. We will work together to explore the time perception while traveling by train,

and how to deal with the situation of traffic disruption. How to understand and improve experience of people while in transit through the time perspective lens.

14:30 – 16:00

Idea Lab

Venue 04 Lille sal (small room) Foreseeing the Future: Barriers, Driving Forces and Solutions Tim Nestik, Patrick van der Duin, Anna Sircova Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia nestik@gmail.com Website LinkedIn In our turbulent and risk society the ability for setting long-term objectives, foreseeing

distant consequences and risks becomes more and more important for well-being, in67

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novation and sustainable growth. There are many cultural, institutional, organizational and psychological barriers that are blocking our mindfulness and reflexivity about future. During this session we will look into the future for the upcoming 10 years. We will analyse different social processes. Collec-

tively, we will develop the future scenarios based on the visions and ideas about the social context of the future. Furthermore, we will collect new solutions for individual, organizational and state policy levels. The session employs prototyping methods and guided facilitation and therefore is non-specialist friendly.

Idea Lab: Developing the Time Perspective Theory App Wessel van Beek GGZ Veenendaal, The Netherlands wessel.van.beek@gmail.com A TPT app, which is a combination of: focus on personal meaningful aspects (ACT) use solution focused strategies (Solution Focused Theory) use Getting-Things-Done methods (GTD) use insights from TPT (like balanced TP). In order to find a right balance between focus on time zones, fight procrastination, work effectively and integrate mindful strategies stages of the workshop: 1. think: let people associate, create a mutual mindmap

2. organize: organize the elements of the app in screens (on white-boards or paper) 3. outcome: create a rough version of the outcome screens we want 4. structure: create links between the different elements of the app 5. sell: how to make money from this. After the conference: 6. program: program the app 7. evaluate 8. upload to app stores.

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Workshop

Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Dancing with Time / Time Management Dioulde Chartier-Beffa DCAP Research, France dioulde.chartier@dcap-research.fr Website LinkedIn Managing our own time is a constant preoccupation for every one of us. It is one of today’s heavy issues: we have or don’t have time, it moves, it stretches, shrinks or condenses. In a nutshell … time lives with us, in us, for us, and sometimes against us. The workshop will combine the insights from Diouldé’s study, the collective experimentations (gestures, sound) with individual reflection moments. It will allow participants to reconquer awareness of our power over our time. Participants will find keys for han dling time management efficiently respecting personal rhythms. Our angle: We decide to consider time as our partner. A partner with whom we compose dances in every moment of our lives, at different scales. We decide that we can take actions to bet-

ter and refine our dance with time. That we can take and refine our conductor’s role and have our chosen score live under our own baton (rather than be submissively driven by other people’s choices and urgencies that corrode relationship to others and to oneself). For that purpose, we want to conceptually grasp, thanks to the study carried out by Diouldé Chartier-Beffa on subjective perception of time, what time is made of, what we spend it for, and what it does to us in return. We propose an experience of embodying time to become familiar with it. Giving participants a sensorial and intellectual experience of the concept of time, the workshop will help them develop an engaging vision of how to live a balanced, sustainably pleasing time in contemporary individuals’ lives.

Tuesday, August 16

Workshop

Work group

Venue 06 Spejlsal (mirror room)

Venue 03 Meeting room 02

Conscious multitasking in action Anastasia Spitsina

The Cross-Cultural Role of Time Perspective and Mindfulness on Life Satisfaction Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa, Natalie Odisho, Olga Klamut, Yuta Chishima, Jonte Vowinckel

“Gourmets of time” project, Ukraine spitsina.key@yandex.ru Website My name is Anastasia Spitsina. My professional research is focused on time-and-attention management. I help modern people to find peace with their time and balance their life. All methods we develop in “Gourmets of time” project are quite practical. People are under constant stress in an ever-changing world. Our life consists of deadlines, big rushes, chronic fatigue syndrome. Due to huge amount of projects multitasking gets quite complicated and it’s even more difficult to feel happy. In the framework of the Time Perspective conference I plan to organize a workshop – “Conscious multitasking in action” – which offers a special method of multitask management – Brain-dance. BD is a unique system of exercises which are performed under special music. When doing these ex-

ercises arms, legs and head are well coordinated, but at the same time they move in their own rhythm, independently of each other. We will work with attention and learn to divide and concentrate it. These skills usually help us to manage many projects simultaneously. What does this special dance method give? 1. The opportunity to be simultaneously conscious of several radically different objects; to effectively switch between several different tasks. 2. To increase the attention and memory span, harmonize the right and left hemisphere of the brain. 3. To reduce the stress. 4. General invigoration (normalized circulation of blood, good bearing).

Yale University School of Medicine, United States; lening.olivera@gmail.com We assessed the role of Time Perspective (TP) tendencies (Past Positive, Past Negative, Present Hedonistic, Present Fatalistic, and Future), Balanced Time Perspective (BTP), and mindfulness on life satisfaction (LS) across psychology undergraduate students (N = 867, M = 20.19, SD = 3.417) from four countries spanning three continents: North America (United States), Asia (Japan), and Europe (Spain and Poland). A regression analysis separate by continents showed that Past Negative predicted decreased LS across all continents, while Past Positive, mindfulness and BTP predicted different levels of LS at some but not all continents. However, a regression analysis including all countries together showed that decreased Past Negative, increased Past Positive, a mindful attitude and BTP were associated to higher levels of LS. These results suggest that mindfulness could be an aspect of TP that helps regulate cognitions about present experience and LS. In summary, the findings of this study indicate that the association of TP, mindfulness and LS intercontinentally transcends cross-cultural barriers. Who are already in it and who from the team is coming to Copenhagen: The following list of individuals are involved in the described project: Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa, Anna Muro, Albert Feliu-Soler, Yuta Chishima, Konrad S. Jankowski, Michael Todd Al-

len, Richard Servatius, Jonte Vowinckel. What’s the stage / status of the project: The data collection for this project in United States, Japan, Spain, and Poland has been completed, and a manuscript outlining the results of this study has been submitted for publication at a peer-reviewed journal. However, we wish to expand the scope of this project, in a manner that can allow the scientific questions of this project to be tested across an even more wide range of countries in North America, Asia, and Europe, as well as in other continents, such as South America, Oceania and Africa. What are you planning to do discuss during your meeting: During the meeting I am planning to discuss what has already been accomplished with this project in more detail, as well as discuss the objectives that can be accomplished through an even larger scale study. More specifically, I plan to discuss the relevance of addressing the scientific questions of this project across an even more wide range of countries in North America, Asia, and Europe, as well as in other continents, such as South America, Oceania and Africa. Are you open to new people to join the project: I am definitely interested in having new people join this project, particularly individuals interested in collecting new data sets that we can include a wide range of coun71

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tries in North America, Asia, and Europe, as well as in other continents, such as South America, Oceania and Africa. What type of competencies are your looking for from people who can join you: We

are interested in individuals representing diverse countries and continents, who can collect data from participants steaming from the overall community, university students, and/or health clinics.

Work group

Tuesday, August 16

16:30 - 17:10 Venue 01 Multisalen Messing with Time: The Science of De-Extinction Helen Pilcher helenpilcher@googlemail.com

Venue 02 Meeting room 01 Subjective time while in transit - special session sponsored by French Regional Railways Nicolas Fieulaine, Anna Sircova, Aurelija Deksnyte - part 2 During this Idea Lab we will work on a special case provided by SNCF - French Regional Railways. We will work together to explore the time perception while traveling by train,

and how to deal with the situation of traffic disruption. How to understand and improve experience of people while in transit through the time perspective lens.

16:00 - 16:30 Venue 01 Multisalen Coffee break / Poster session / Meet the Artist

Science writer, performer & tea-drinker. Likes mammoths. Pens ‘Hollywood Science’ for @ bbcfocus. Peddler of feel-good science and animal ephemera. Ex-Nature. De-extinction; the ability to bring extinct species back to life, is fast becoming reality. Around the globe, researchers are working hard to bring back all manner of species including the woolly mammoth, the passenger pigeon and a bizarre species of baby-burping frog. But if extinction is no longer finite, what does this mean for our understanding of time? How will it affect

the way we care for the world that we live in and the endangered species that are slipping away? In ‘Bring Back the King,’ science writer and comedian Helen Pilcher explores the limits and potential of de-extinction science. Along the way she ponders the practicalities and point of it all and wonders if she will ever be able to get the pet dodo that she dreams of.

supported by

Meet the Artist Our Time: An interactive installation on Time and Space Syméon Fieulaine Black Quantum Futurism Rasheedah Phillips, Camae Dennis

Tuesday, August 16

17:15 - 17:35 Venue 01 Multisalen

Presentation-lecture-performance Visualization of Time and Climate Change Olga Ast ArcheTime project, United States www.archetime.net www.infiniteinstances.com www.fleeingfromabsence.com Visualization of Time and Climate Change is a presentation-lecture-performance that is focuses on how, over the last two centuries, we have departed from a traditional cyclical understanding of time and have crafted synthetic lines between a dark past and a bright future, or, conversely, between a Golden Age and an Apocalypse. This gradual shift is symbolic not only of our changing perception of the nature of time, but of our attitude toward the natural world. In our artificial environments, we look at nature as a resource – a starting point with the end-goal of an artificial product. Has

our shift away from cyclical and toward linear processes contributed to the changing relationship we have with our environment? I posit that our contemporary linear visualization of time is not only symbolic but causal to our shifting relationship with our environment. Could a different visualization influence our ecological behavior? Can artists and scientists collaborate to bring us closer to an answer to the age-old question of the nature of time, and craft an alternative to our contemporary environmental problems?

Tuesday, August 16

17:40 – 18:40 Venue 01 Multisalen

Workshop Dissolving Linear Temporality: Alternative Temporalities and DIY Timescapes Rasheedah Phillips, Camae Dennis Black Quantum Futurism Collective, United States afrofuturistaffair@gmail.com Website LinkedIn Modern-day mechanical clock time and linear, temporal consciousness were encoded into the enslaved Black African by means of the whip, and other forms of torture and violence. Their descendants, Black Americans today, are the stark embodiment of temporal tensions, a disunity between cultural notions of time, many occupying “temporal ghettos” as well as physical ones. “Colored People’s Time” (CP Time) has been both a defense mechanism against Black communal trauma and post-trauma under the conditions of class warfare and racial oppression, and a harkening back to a more natural, ancestral temporal-spatial consciousness. There is a necessity to dismantle the master’s clock and reinscribe a CP Time, or, perhaps more affirmatively, to construct a new diasporic African spatiotemporal con-

sciousness. Such a time construct inevitably requires a new language, a way to engage with the past, present, and future without resorting to time hierarchies. In this interactive workshop, we will explore the history of linear time constructs, notions of the future, and its contrast to indigenous African traditions of space, time, and the future. We will explore alternative temporalities embodied by such cultural movements as Afrofuturism, and DIY theories as black quantum futurism, and their use as practical tools for exploring reality and shaping past and future narratives. Workshop participants will consider how to build future maps and quantum time capsules, shift cause and effect, and the interaction between timescapes and soundscapes.

Tuesday, August 16

17:30 - 19:30 Danish Jewish Museum Movie screening Tel-Aviv Berlin by Tzipi Trope zt1@nyu.edu

Wednesday August 17

The Time Perspective Field: Current Status and Future Directions 9:00 – 9:45 Venue 01 Multisalen

Debate Danish Jewish Museum will celebrate time on 16th of August – with a screening of the feature movie, Tel Aviv - Berlin, that explores the conflicts that a new cultural identity brings in and the constant dialogue between one’s past, present, and future. The screening is part of the ‘Celebrating Time Festival 2016’, which will be held for the third time. The festival’s goal is to make us better at visualizing time, listening to it, understanding it and feeling it! In cooperation with the festival, Danish Jewish Museum will present a movie that encourages the discussion of ethical issues related to time – past, present, future. Furthermore, we will have the movie director, Tzipi Trope, to introduce her work and who will hold a Q&A session. In Tel Aviv - Berlin (Israel, 1987), director Tzipi Trope tells a story of Benjamin (Shmuel Vilozny), a Berlin Jew who escaped from Auschwitz and ended up in Tel Aviv. He marries Lea (Rivka Noiman) - a rather plain woman who came to Israel from Poland be-

fore the war - with whom he has a daughter. But Benjamin’s German roots become increasingly palpable in the late 1940s, creating a tension between cultural and religious identity. He becomes obsessed with two people who represent his past and we see the development of this identity conflict in full scale. Tel Aviv - Berlin is remarkable movie for a number of reasons, one of the extremely rare Israeli films to deal with the Holocaust, it is also one of the few Holocaust fiction dramas directed by a woman. As its title suggests, this compelling psychological portrait within the protagonist the conflict between two cities: they represent not only past and future, but an assimilated cultural identity versus anonymity among other Jews. Tel Aviv Berlin received the Israeli Oscar for best film award, best script award, best supporting actress and represented Israel in many film festivals among them: Berlin, Montréal, London, Cadis, and Valencia. Montpelier and more.

Tensions in Time Perspective: Current Debates in the Field Zena R. Mello, Frank C. Worrell , Monika Buhl San Francisco State University, United States zmello@sfsu.edu Website We propose a debate about current issues in time perspective research. Speakers will present brief key points regards three areas: construct definition (Mello), developmental changes or stability (Buhl), and cross-cultural measurement (Worrell). Then, we will lead a lively discussion with active participation from the audience. More specifically, Mello will present various conceptualizations of time perspective including frameworks articulated by Zimbardo (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999), Mello and Worrell (Mello & Worrell, 2015), and Seginer (2009). Buhl will use longitudinal data to consider how time perspective is a developmental (change) or personality (stability) construct, and the implications for each of these disciplines. Worrell will discuss the theoretical and measurement issues with cross-cultural research on time perspective. Time perspective research has increased dramatically. Considering the topics of con-

struct definition, developmental/personality, and cross-cultural measurement are critical for moving the field forward. The debate is consistent with the vision and aims of the conference as it employs a novel approach to considering the multifaceted and cross-disciplinary views about research on time perspective. The audience will be actively included in the discussion enabling participation from a wider variety of professions. The strategy of this debate will include brief presentations on key topics of the field. Then, presenters will lead the audience through a lively debate. We will consider the debate successful if it engenders an active discussion with the audience that generates new ideas and synthesizes extant research on time perspective. Bibliography. Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2015). The past, the present, and the future: A conceptual model of time perspective in adolescence. 77

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In Stolarski M., van Beek W., & Fieulaine, N. (Eds), Time Perspective Theory: Review, Research and Application. Essays in Honor of Philip Zimbardo. Seginer, R. (2009). Future Orientation: Developmental and Ecological Perspectives.

New York, NY: Springer. Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual-difference metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1271–1288. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.127

9:45 - 10:30 Venue 01 Multisalen

Debate Conceptual and Measurement Issues Michael T. McKay & Frank C. Worrell Liverpool JMU, United Kingdom teejaymck@hotmail.com The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory is a widely-used assessment measure of the broad construct known as time perspective. With continued use, and statistical advances in the assessment of psychometric validity and reliability, some researchers have begun to question the five-factor, 56-item scale. Accordingly an increasing number of shortforms of the scale have been developed, and validation studies of these have been published. These studies have predominantly used data-driven approaches to scale modification (e.g., choosing items that load highly in preference to those that do not). Additionally, while a move away from correlational (or bivariate) analyses towards person-centered analyses has been encouraged, the suggested “optimal” nature of a balanced time perspective remains unproven.

• Using analyses that we have undertaken and including a narrative review of the extant literature this presentation will explore via brief presentations and discussion: • The psychometric properties of data-driven shortened forms of the ZTPI • The practical (if any) implications of different shortened forms of the ZTPI • Issues concerning reliability and discriminant validity (including discussion of Average Variance Explained) of these ZTPI versions • The issue of temporally-phrased versus non-temporally-phrased items Problems with identification of a Balanced temporal profile in the literature • The apparent and emerging “optimal” nature of a Future temporal profile (e.g., McKay et al, 2014; Braitman & Henson, 2015).

Wednesday, August 17

10:30 - 11:00 Venue 01 Multisalen Coffee break / Poster session #3

Individual Differences Uncovering the complex associations between Time Perspectives and Aggression Marcin Zajenkowski, Maciej Stolarski, Anna Zajenkowska University of Warsaw, Poland zajenkowski@psych.uw.edu.pl The aim of this study was to empirically verify a series of hypotheses on the role of time perspective (TP) in predicting aggression, formulated on the basis of TP Theory and General Aggression Model. Three hundred participants completed the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). Analysis revealed numerous significant relationships between TP dimensions and aggression. In particular, individuals scoring high on Past Negative, Present Fatalistic, and Present Hedonistic

were more prone to aggressive feelings, and, in consequence, aggressive behavior. These relationships were, however, strongly attenuated in individuals with high levels of two remaining TPs – Past Positive and Future. The results provide evidence that the temporal perspective people use to structure their experience into time horizons may play a significant role in the intensity and dynamics of aggression. We discuss our results from the perspectives of psychological theories of aggression and TP.

The experience and the perception of time thought questionnaires Giovanna Mioni, Melito N., Stablum F. University of Padova, Italia mioni.giovanna@gmail.com The ability to accurately estimate the passage of time plays an important role in daily activities; therefore, it is important to understand what factors are critical in determining our ability to correctly assess the passage of time. In the present study we investigate time prospective and time experience with four questionnaires: The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), The Time Personality Indicator (TPI), the Time

awareness questionnaires (TAQ) and the time management questionnaire (TMQ). Participants were healthy older adults. The ZTPI was available in Italian, the other questionnaires were translated and adapted for the Italian population. Results showed good validity and internal consistency for the questionnaires that were translated in Italian consistent with the data presented in literature with the original English versions. 79

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Data will be discussed in relation to the temporal orientation (ZTPI) to investigate if par-

ticipantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; temporal orientation explain their time management.

Present Hedonistic and Future Negative Time Perspectives Lead to Failure in Delay Gratification Sue Jung Kim, Kiho Kim, Jang-Han Lee Chung-Ang University, Korea suj0812a@gmail.com The objective of the present study is to examine the influence of present and future time perspectives to the ability to delay gratification using psychological distance derived from construal level theory. In this study, the psychological distance will be directly measured, and whether the time perspective is actually related to psychological distance. Based on this relationship between time perspectives and psychological distance, the study aims to explain how the time perspectives affect the delay gratification. 120 participants completed the Korean version of the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (Korean S-ZTPI) to investigate the temporal orientations (past-positive/negative, present-hedonistic/ fatalistic, and future-positive/negative). Participants also conducted a Temporal Discounting (TD) task that was used to measure the ability to delay gratification with respect to hypothetical amounts of money. Participants were asked to select their preference between receiving a smaller reward promptly and receiving larger one with delay (6 kinds of delay: a week, 3 weeks, 2 months, 5 months, 9 months, and 18 months) in TD task. After that, psychological distance toward the future (6 kinds of delay used in TD task) was measured by the visual analogue scale. The results of this study showed that

the past-positive/negative and future-positive time perspectives were positively associated with the delay gratification whereas present-hedonistic, future-negative time perspectives were negatively associated with the delay gratification. In addition, there was the significant relationship between the time perspectives and the psychological distance toward future. As a result, increased present-hedonistic and future-negative time perspectives decrease the ability to delay gratification and increase the psychological distance toward the future, while increased future-positive time perspective increases the ability to delay gratification and decrease the psychological distance toward the future. These results indicated that individuals with high present-hedonistic and future-negative time perspectives consider that the future is far away and have the potential to fail delay of gratification. In high present-hedonistic and future-negative time perspectives, the problems related with the ability to delay gratification such as gambling, addiction, and impulsive behavior may be more likely to arise. This study emphasized the importance of identifying psychological distance toward future in the relationship between the time perspective and delay gratification.

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The Effect of Time Perspective on Construal Level toward Future and Delay of Gratification Hee-Eun Park, Kiho Kim, Jang-Han Lee Chung-Ang University, Korea cnslab_heeeun@naver.com The aim of the present study was to explain the mechanism of time perspective based on construal level theory by finding out the differences of psychological distance toward future depending on the time perspective and to explore the effect of the time perspective on delay of gratification using implicit measure. To test this, 100 undergraduate students participated in the experiment and their time perspectives were measured by Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory which includes future-positive and negative time perspective factors. They also completed the Implicit Association Test that assesses psychological distance toward future, Delay Discounting Task to evaluate the ability of the delay gratification, and several self-report Visual Analog Scales about the distance toward future. As a result, people who have higher score of present-hedonic time perspective showed further psychological distance toward future implicitly and

explicitly. In addition, participants such as the ones whom reported higher score of future-positive time perspective showed tendency to have higher ability in delay gratification than those with higher score of present-hedonic and future-negative time perspective. The result of this study indicates that the time perspective has the effect on psychological distance toward future and also carefully suggests the role of psychological distance toward future between time perspective and delay of gratification. Meanwhile, the result can be interpreted as participants employed their own intention or subjectivity in self-report under the influence of social desirability in explicit measure while they showed their own attitude in implicit measure. The implication of the present study is that the attitude of psychological distance toward future not only with explicit measure but also with implicit measure is verified.

The Effect of Psychological Distance towards Future on Delay Discounting in Individuals with Present-oriented Time Perspectives Sang Hee Jo, Kiho Kim, Sue Jung Kim, Jang-Han Lee Chung-Ang University, Korea suj0812a@gmail.com People with a present-oriented time perspective tend to discount excessively on delayed future rewards. The present study aimed to examine if shortened psychological distance towards future reduces the present oriented peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Delay Discounting (DD) using episodic future thinking par-

adigm. To test this, 80 undergraduate students participated in this study and were classified into two group according to their time perspective (Time Perspective group: Present-oriented TP/ Future-oriented TP). And then, each group participants were randomly assigned into two condition: ei81

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ther Episodic Future Thinking condition (EFT condition; shorten temporal distance modification) or Control Episodic Thinking condition (CET condition; controlled temporal distance). In EFT condition group, participants were trained to imagine positive future events lively and vividly, while CET condition group were trained to recall their pleasant personal events that occurred within the last 24 hours. After imagine or recall training, they were instructed to do the DD task reminding themselves those events. Lastly, the change of psychological distance towards future were measured by visual analogue scale. As a result, participant with

present-oriented TP in an EFT condition discounted less than those in a CET condition, yet there was no significant difference in participants with future-oriented TP. Also, episodic future thinking made participants’ psychological distance towards future shortened. These results indicate that the psychological distance towards future may play an essential role in the relationship between time perspective and delay discounting. Finally, this study shows that altering psychological distance toward future would influence processing of impulsive decision on present-oriented people.

EXPLORING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN MAIN TIME PERSPECTIVE ORIENTATIONS AND CIALDINI PERSUASION’S PRINCIPLES Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it www.massimoagnoletti.it LinkedIn This (video)poster’s aim is to explore the possible connection between past, present and future time orientation in relation with psycho-social behaviors expected by Cialdini’s persuasion principles (Reciprocity, Commitment and Consistency, Social proof, Authority, Scarcity, Liking). The first hypothesis is that, in accordance with cor-

relational study identify with each time orientation profile, past oriented people should be more influenced by Scarcity principle, present oriented by Social proof and Liking whilst future oriented people should be more sensible by Commitment and Consistency Cialdini principle. A methodology to test this hypothesis will be presented.

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The use of pornography and perpetration of internet sexual harassment among teens as correlates of present-hedonistic time perspective Avigail Moor Tel Hai College, Israel amoor@netvision.net.il LinkedIn The present study seeks to determine whether time perspective is a factor in internet sexual harassment and the use of pornography among teens. Internet sexual harassment is a disturbing phenomenon that is on the rise among youngsters in recent years. It involves posting indecent photos of girls known to the culprits, some of whom are even intimate partners. Given the severity of this problem it is highly important to characterize those who partake in it in order to intervene and prevent it. A similar growing problem is the heavy usage of pornography in this age group. The present conceptualization views these two phenomena as tied to each other and jointly related to a present-hedonistic time perspective. It is assumed that youngsters who are prone to heavy pornography usage are so focused

on present pleasure that they overlook the restrictions placed on this practice. In addition, it is presumed that these youngsters will be more inclined to perpetrate internet sexual harassment. Being orientated toward present pleasure, while having very little consideration for future consequences of their behavior, they may be propelled to cross boundaries that they presumably would not have otherwise. The results reveal that present hedonistic time perspective is strongly related to high pornography consumption among young males aged 12-18, unlike girls of the same age. These boys, but not girls, are also significantly more inclined to perpetrate internet sexual harassment. It is hoped that these findings will assist in creating interventions to combat these two disturbing social problems.

Cognition TIME AND THE BRAIN Kinga Tucholska Jagiellonian University, Poland kinga.tucholska@uj.edu.pl New discoveries in psychophysics, electrophysiology, neuroimaging, and computational modeling are contributing to an emerging picture of how the brain processes and perceives time. The aim of the presentation is to summarize present knowledge about neural correlates of lower-level

timing functions, structural and functional brain architecture underlying time estimation, mental time travel or temporal foresight as well as the neural mechanisms of time perspective, conceptualized as individual’s orientation of psychological past and future existing at a given time. 83

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Cognitive Flexibility and Time Perspective in American College Students Zena R. Mello San Francisco State University, United States zmello@sfsu.edu Website Cognitive flexibility is a person’s ability to adapt their thought process when confronted with challenges (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010). Time perspective is how a person conceptualizes temporal periods: the past, the present, and the future (Mello & Worrell, 2015). Time frequency, time orientation and time relation are a few facets of time perspective that have been shown to be related to academic achievement (Mello, Finan, & Worrell, 2013; Mello, Worrell & Andretta, 2009). Regarding their operationalize, time frequency is how often a person thinks about temporal periods, time orientation is how a person assigns importance to time periods, and time relation is to what extent a person thinks about time periods are connected (Mello & Worrell, 2015). Despite being called a cognitive construct, the research examining the cognitive compo-

nents of time perspective is limited. This study’s purpose was to determine relationships among cognitive flexibility, time frequency, time orientation, and time relation. Participants were adults attending college in the United States (N = 434). Surveys included the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI; Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010) and three subscales of the Adolescent Time Inventory (ATI; Mello & Worrell, 2007). Findings indicated that Time Frequency, Time Orientation, and Time Relation were all related to cognitive flexibility, indicating that some elements of time perspective may be tied to aspects of cognition. Further research should examine relationships between time perspective and other executive functions for the purpose of exploring time perspective measures as potential tools for cognitive interventions.

Scale construction Reliability and validity of Temporal Focus Scale (TFS) scores in Japanese samples Yuta Chishima University of Tsukuba, Japan chishimay@gmail.com Temporal focus is described as one component of an individual’s time perspective and defined as the attention individuals devote to thinking about the past, present, and future. It affects how people incorpo-

rate perceptions about past experiences, current situations, and future expectations into their attitudes, cognitions, and behavior. Shipp et al. (2009) developed Temporal Focus Scale (TFS) which is comprised of 84

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three-factor with 12 items. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of TFS scores in Japanese samples. TFS was translated into Japanese by professional translator, and the original author confirmed the back translated items. We conducted a questionnaire survey toward 975 Japanese university students aged 1825 years old. Hypothesized three-factor structure with reliability was confirmed, although there were problems with item 10 as McKay et al. (2012) reported. Internal

consistency estimates for scores without item 10 were over .70, and test-retest reliability was also adequate. To verify concurrent and convergent validity, we tested for relationships among scores of TFS, life satisfaction, time perspective, self-esteem, and career efficacy. Results of correlation analysis supported our hypotheses. Especially, future focus tended to be strongly correlated to career efficacy rather than past and present focus.

The Extended Version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory in Poland Aneta Przepiorka, Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland aneta.przepiorka@gmail.com The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI; Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999) is one of the most well-known and used wide-worldly measure of time perspective. The ZTPI comprises five types of time perspectives: past positive perspective, past negative perspective, present hedonistic perspective, present fatalistic perspective, and future perspective. There were 4 studies conducted in order to develop and validate the Polish ZTPI (P-ZTPI). Additionally, two scales to measure negative future time perspective

and two scales to measure positive present time perspective were analyzed in the context of ZTPI scales. The construct validity of the P-ZTPI and additional scales was verified by correlating them with NEO-FFI, SWLS, and PANAS. The convergent and discriminant validity of the P-ZTPI was also tested by using a multitraits-multimethod approach in a confirmatory factor analysis framework. The results of these analyses indicate, among other things, that the scales of this inventory are highly emotional.

Polish Version of the Adolescent Time Attitude Scale Aneta Przepiorka, Agata Blachnio The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland aneta.przepiorka@gmail.com The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland; aneta.przepiorka@gmail.com The way humans experience is processed with the temporal framework of past, pres-

ent, and future to allow us to speak of a certain time perspective. The main aim of the study was to present the development of Polish version of the Adolescent Time Atti85

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tude Scale (ATAS) that focuses on the developmental period of adolescence. In the original version ATAS consists of six subscales assessing Past Positive, Past Negative, Present Positive, Present Negative, Future Positive, and Future Negative time attitudes. The scale assesses positive and negative

attitudes toward the past, the present, and the future. The study describes the development of the scale in samples of Polish adolescents. There were over 300 adolescents who took part in the study. The reliability and structural validity of the scale will be discussed.

The Time Metaphors Questionnaire – Short Form Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska , Aneta Przepiorka The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland aneta.przepiorka@gmail.com The main aim of the study was to present a short version of the Time Metaphors Questionnaire (TMQ; Sobol-Kwapinska & Nosal, 2009). The original TMQ consists of 95 items, and was designed to measure time conceiving. In the study 990 adults took part. There was exploratory factor analysis as well as confirmatory factor analysis. The TMQ-SF presented high internal consistency and a clear three-factor structure. The convergent and discriminant validity of the TMQ-SF was

assessed with the NEO-FFI, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, Carpe Diem, XP Zimbardo scale, PANAS, Economic Time scale, and Dark Future Scale. As a result of the conducted analyses a 18-item short form of the TMQ was obtained with good psychometric and structural properties. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was above .80. There was three-factor structure for the TMQ-SF obtained with separate factors: Time helps, Time bothers, and Time escape.

Developing the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory-Chinese Version and Assessing its Psychometric Soundness Houchao Lyu Southwest University of China, China houchao928@163.com In this study, we attempted to develop the Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and examine its reliability and validity in samples of undergraduates across China. This revised 25-item scale has five dimensions with a similar factor structure to the original instrument as well as those in other languages. The “Present Hedonistic” dimension was renamed “Pres-

ent Impulsive.” Scores on dimensions were examined by demographic characteristics and were found to vary by gender, number of siblings, and place of residence. The Chinese version provides a reliable and valid instrument for testing time perspective in Chinese populations, thereby facilitating both the study of time perspective in China and cross-cultural comparisons. 86

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11:00 - 11:40 Venue 01 Multisalen Expansive and Contractive Mental Horizons Yaacov Trope yaacov.trope@nyu.edu Website

Pr. Trope is a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Science at Stanford University, Elected at the American Academy for Arts and Sciences member of the Editorial Board of the JPSJ and Associate Editor of the JESP and the Psychological Review. He wrote more than 150 papers and four books and was recently awarded by the American Association of Psychological Science for lifetime achievement. Adaptive functioning requires both being able to immerse ourselves in the here and now, with people who are like us and with us, contracting our mental horizons, and being able to move beyond the local social environment to expand our mental horizons. In order to effectively pursue desired ends that vary from the immediate to the very distant, humans have evolved a range of mental and social mechanisms to support both contractive and expansive mental

horizons and the ability to switch between them. Across these mechanisms, it is possible to distinguish a hierarchy of levels that vary in level of abstractness from a low level concrete mode to a highlevel abstract mode. The research I’ll describe suggests that lowlevel modes of operation support contractive mental horizons, whereas high level modes of operation support expansive mental horizons.

11:40 - 11:50 Venue 01 Multisalen Open mic

Wednesday, August 17

11:50 - 13:00 Venue 01 Multisalen

Wednesday, August 17

16:30 - 17:45 Workshops / Idea Labs / Work groups

Project group

Time Perspective Network: Co-creating the Future

Venue 02 Meeting room 01

more info

Mobile Cultural Consultation and Referral Service for healthcare settings Anna Sircova, Tomas Jurcik, Nicolas Fieulaine, Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa, Natalie Odisho

20 minutes: General Assembly and org questions - TP conference 2018 - ? 30 minutes: networking session - current and future projects - work groups 10 minutes: wrap-up

Developing new instruments

13:00 - 14:00 Venue 01 Multisalen Lunch 14:00 - 16:00 Venue 01 Multisalen The Treasure Hunt: Funding Opportunities for Your Creative and Scientific Endeavors Bradley Allen - EU Development Officer, Creative Europe Desk Denmark Morten Gylling - Horizon2020, Marie Curie Actions, EuroCenter Thomas Mathiasen - Innovation Fund Denmark 16:00 - 16:30 Venue 01 Multisalen

Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Measuring Future Time Perspective: Developing a new scale Edina Dombi, Gรกbor Orosz University of Szeged, Hungary edinadombi@yahoo.com The aim of our research was to create a short and valid questionnaire which could measure the most important dimensions of Future Time Perspective. In order to do this, we intended to assess the psychometric properties of the Future Time Perspective scale created by Husman and Shell (2008). Later on we intended to create a more overarching multidimensional future time perspective scale. We used exploratory factor analysis to explore the basic dimensions of Future Time Perspective. The results suggested eight factors: Rumination about the

Future, Positive Future Orientation, Time Management, Perception of Being Realistic about the Future, Lack of Self-Efficacy in the future, Certainty about the Future, Self-determined Future Orientation, and Control of the Future. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in order to assess the factor structure revealed in the exploratory factor analysis. The eight factor model appeared to be adequate. The presentation is about the development and factor structure of the new scale.

Networking coffee

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Two factor solution of the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale in a representative sample of Montevideo, Uruguay Alejandro Vásquez, Lucía Alvarez, Hugo Selma

ZTPI for children - ZTPI-C: proposition of a measure for children Umbelina do Rego Leite

University of the Republic, Uruguay avasquez@psico.edu.uy Website Introduction. The consideration of the future consequences is a individual difference personality variable that measures the extent in which person weights immediate and distant outcomes of behavior. Few studies have explored the validity and factor solution of the CFC Scale in representative samples. The aim of this study is to test psychometric properties of the CFC-14 Scale in Spanish speaking population, statistically representative of Montevideo, Uruguay. Method. A random, representative sample of Montevideo was obtained by delivering questionnaires at residences, in randomly selected neighborhoods and houses. In total, 1352 persons from 53 neighborhoods took part of the study. Age range of participants was 18 to 94 (M = 37,8; SD = 16,1). Measures of education, drug use and other socio-demographical data were also collected. Results. We performed a exploratory factor analysis with Principal Axis Factoring method and Oblimin rotation, since a moderate

and negative correlation was expected. Good adjustment of loadings for this model was found, despite item 5 showed low loadings in both factorial and structural matrices. Reliablity indexes were for CFC-F, α = .72; and CFC-I, α = .74. Correlation between subscales was r = - 0,31. There were gender differences in CFC-I with woman scoring lower. CFC-I was correlated with education (r = -.23). CFC-F predicted regular use (daily or weekly) of marijuana. Discussion. Our study supports the idea of the two factor solution of the CFC Scale, now in a representative sample in a Spanish-speaking population. Reliability is good and loadings moderate or high. As in previous studies in Portuguese and Spanish populations, item 5 present psychometric problems and should be rewritten or deleted. Furthermore, the CFC-S was related to external validation criteria and, in sum, presented better psychometric properties than the CFC-12.

Universidade Federal do Pernambuco, Brazil umbelinarl@gmail.com Little is known about how and when children develop their concepts of time perspective. One of the reasons for the lack of studies might be the difficulty of finding a reliable measure. This study showed a construction and validation of an instrument meant to measure children’s time perspective: the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory for children, ZTPI-C, following four successive stages: judges analysis for the adaptation of the original items for adult ZPTI (Leite, Pasquali & 2008) and the subscale of Future Negative (Carelli, Wiberg & Wiberg, 2011), reaching up to ZPTI-C, with 69 items; the semantic analysis with reference group in the form of a game; the pilot study for adjustments in the form of application and the validation study. In the validation study, 693 children (51,5% girls) participated, aged 7 to 12 years (M = 10.4, SD = 1.2), from public (58,7%) and private (41,3%) schools in Rio Verde - GO. In the validation study, exploratory factor analysis was performed using the principal components (PC) of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences - SPSS for Windows version 17. I chose to analyze the three dimensions (past, present, future) with separately as held for Leite (2014) and other authors. The final form of ZTPI-C was composed of 63 items spread across six factors as predicted theoretically: past-negative (PN), past-positive (PP), present-hedonistic (PH), present-fatalistic (PF), future -positive (FP)

and future-negative (FN). The children’s PT profile of was higher to the PH factor (M = 3.90, SD = 0.56) and PP (M = 3.86, SD = 0.70), followed by FP (M = 3.67, SD = 0.66). The lowest values were for PN (M = 3.21, SD = 0.67) FN (M = 3.14, SD = 0.68) and PF (M = 3.13, SD = 66). The profile shows the expected for children, most living in the present, but with good memories of the past. There was no difference in sex. But difference was found between the type of school if private or public in the factors PF and FN, and children of public schools had higher scores in both. Also correlations were found between age and PP (r = - 0.22, p = 0.000), FP (r = - 0.21, p = 0.000) and PH (r = -0.09, p = 0.017), indicating that with age and PP and FP decreases e PH increases. Considering these results, it can be noted that, in the exploratory analysis ZPTI -C showed good psychometric properties, most items have achieved good factor loadings, and good levels of internal consistency indices of the factors. However, one should seek follow-up study to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis and IRT with a broader sample in other cities. PT’s profile is as expected for children, more focused on the present, but who can benefit from intervention to return a little more for the future. Also, ZTPI-C can be used for prevention of children’s depression, as observed by the author during the data collection.

Wednesday, August 17

Measurement of Time Perspective (TP) and Language: Why Language Matters in Morocco as a Case of a Multi-Lingual Society Alexander Unger, Karim Gassemi, Julie Papastamatelou University of Applied Sciences Ludwigshafen, Germany alunger@web.de Morocco is a multi-lingual society (Marley, 2002) in which most of the population either speaks Arabic or one of several Berber Dialects of Tamazight as a mother language (Hoffman, 2006; Saib, 2001). Additionally, French plays an important role, as it is fluently spoken by huge parts of the Moroccan population and can be seen as the language of business and as a language which plays an important role especially in the context of higher education, official administration or diplomacy (Cox, Estrada, Lynham, & Motii, 2005). Finally, in some northern parts of Morocco, Spanish plays a certain comparable but minor role (Sayahi, 2005). According to surveys and scales this could imply some interesting but also somehow problematic aspects in methodological terms: It may make a difference if a person is questioned either in his or her mother language (Arab or Tamazight) or in French. This may activate, for example, different cognitions or frames of reference. More precisely it can be assumed that a Survey in a personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mother language may result in higher scoring in Negative and Positive Past due to the activation of cognitions related to childhood. Further Hedonistic Present may be lowered due to the activation of traditional values. In contrast a French survey (as used in the current study for half of the participants) may activate a higher scoring on Future (education and work-related cognitions are activated) as well as a higher scoring on Present Hedonistic (activation of Western orientations) in some of the respondents. Further we assume that Present Fatalistic will be high-

er when the participants filled out an Arab questionnaire, because of the high religious meaning of Arab language. In the current study, 133 female and male students enrolled in the University of Casablanca, of whom 90.2% indicated Arabic as their first language; 6.0 % Tamazight and 0.8% French, took part in the survey.). 74 of them filled out the French version of ZTPI (Apostolidis & Fieulaine, 2004) and 59 the Arabic version of ZTPI (Djarallah & Seghir Chorfi, 2009). We also asked them about their language use in their families and in the context of the time they spend with friends. Based on these items, we split them into two groups: one with high use of French (1 or 2 mentions) and one with low use of French (use of Arabic in family and with friends). We tested this factor in an exploratory manner. Conducting ANOVAs including the factors of language of the questionnaire (Arabic vs. French) and predominance of everyday usage (Arabic vs. French), revealed the following results (all p-values were reported for one-tailed test): for Present Hedonistic we observed a confirming main effect for the language of the questionnaire: F(1,129) = 15.92; p < .001 (MFRENCH = 3.58; SD = 0.43 vs. MARAB = 3.21; SD = 0.65). Also, for Present Fatalistic we observed a main effect of the language version in the predicted direction: F(1,129) = 10.83; p < .001 (MFRENCH = 2.92; SD = 0.79 vs. MARAB = 3.29; SD = 0.53). Also, predominance of language reached significance: those with a high French predominance in everyday life showed less Fatalism compared to those 92

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with high Arabic predominance: F(1,129) = 11.18; p > .001 (MFRENCH_PRE = 2.87; SD = 0.63 vs. MARAB_PRE = 3.27; SD =.74). The interaction language (questionnaire) by predominance (everyday life) failed to reach significance at the .05-level: F(1,129) = 2.20; p = .070 For Future, none of the two factors showed a significant main effect. Instead, we observed a significant interaction of language (questionnaire) by predominance (everyday life): F(1,129) = 29.23; p < .001. Participants with high French predominance showed a higher Future orientation if the ZTPI questionnaire was in French, whereas those with low French predominance showed higher Future orientation if the ZTPI questionnaire was in Arabic. Finally, the results for Past Positive and Past Negative showed a somewhat unclear pattern: we observed, contrary to our hypotheses, higher Past Positive and higher Past Negative for the French version of ZTPI (all pâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s < .050). Further, in the case of Past Negative, a low French predominance showed a significantly higher Past Negative orientation;

F(1,129) = 4.36; p = .020. Some important conclusions can be drawn. First, the study has shown that the use of different languages of the ZTPI can result in different measurements of the five time perspectives. To understand the observed variations as possible measurement bias is one reasonable approach. Second, our results bring some interesting conclusions about the situational variation of time perspectives. If the variations across two different have not been understood as an error in measurement (that has special relevance for the practical measurement), is can be understood as a type of language based mind-set. For future research a within-subject design might be straightforward approach to test the observed in between-subject differences to show that language matters in multi-language samples. The possibility of language biased results may be considered in corresponding validation studies for Arab, French or Tamazight scales of the ZTPI in Morocco and related countries.

Wednesday, August 17

18:00 - 20:00 Venue 01 Multisalen

Actual Time Travel Michael Madsen, Marc Wittmann

Live Experiments Temporality and Family Conflicts Elena Kazakina, Philip G. Zimbardo, Wessel van Beek mm@studiomichaelmadsen.com

Independent Private Practice, United States ekazakina@comcast.net People differ in their relationship with time. Some of us are focused on the Future, while others are mostly interested in having a good time in the Present. After a decade of research, all around the world, time perspective has been linked to all kind of variables related to well-being and health. But what about groups of people? How do time perspective profiles interact? Do they get along? Are they complementary, or are the differences a source for conflicts? And what about the most elementary group of all, our core family? How can a Negative Past oriented mother living along a Future oriented son? Or, more likely, what problems arise when Future oriented parents want their kids to think alike? In this live experiment therapists Elena Kazakina and Phil Zimbardo will interview a

family. The interview will demonstrate the tension and conflicts that can arise when time perspectives clash. Will the therapists be able to bring the family members together? Can the father motivate his teenage daughter to enter university? Will mom be able to finally encourage her son to clean up his room? Will the therapists be able to work together, or are their time perspectives contradictory and will the experiment fail miserably? After a short introduction by Wessel van Beek Elena and Phil will meet the family they have never met before. And probably never want to meet ever after… There will be an introduction, a family session, and a lively discussion afterwards. Come and watch these famous psychologists sweat and struggle!

“A man can’t be angry at his own time without suffering some damage.” Robert Musil, The Man Without Qualities

The performance Actual Time-Travel will operate from the premise that that time-travel is a real possibility although the means by which to perform such, may until this very performance be largely unknown to Man. However, the performance will seek to fuse the present state of knowledge into performing a unprecedented leap both backwards and forward into time, preferably beyond the individual life-time of the one or more volunteerTime-Pilots. The experiment acknowledges the inherent verification challenges, as a time-leap into the future cannot be proven correct as today is constantly only catching up with the future, which, one could fear, may even repeat the errors of yesterday and so look deceptively like today. A travel back in time, on the other hand, will always risk the claim of falsification, as the past, although often clouded in forgetfulness, may still be claimed to be known. The verification may therefore to a large extend rest on the individual, personal psychological experience of the audience, yet the methodological deliberations as well as certain test-mechanism – still to be developed – will be laid bare for the audience and as such in itself open up for a broad discussion of how time is experienced and in particular treated in our day and age where the individuals time for example is treated as a commodity which can be bought and sold.

Introduction: The idea of being able to travel in time may be as old as time itself. Of course one in a way travels back in time in personal memories or historical records, but actual, physical time-travel, also into the future, is in our time considered impossible, as well as the implications for a individual life or world history opens causality contradictions beyond comprehension. Still, Mankinds fascination with time-travel remains clear as can be seen in popular culture. Very advanced science – or still awaiting scientific serendipity – may also hold certain theoretical possibilities, just as I am aware of one study suggesting searching the internet as the most likely place to find evidence of activities of real time-travellers from another Age visiting our Era. Actual Time-Travel – A Live Experiment: The following experiment rests on the benefit of doubt. The lack of evidence or recognized concrete experience with traveling in time does not mean that such may not exist, just as belief such as re-incarnation or clairvoyance operates with a kind of communication across time.

Wednesday, August 17

Thursday August 18

20:30 ANA – Astrid Noacks Atelier Concert Walk - SCENATET The Concert Walks are a new type of concerts combining music, movement and site specific stories and atmospheres. The Concert Walk-concept is developed by curator Anna Berit Asp Christensen, and arranged as walks in which small musical surprises pop up on carefully selected spots in an area. The unique combination of a musical program and a walk creates a new kind of en-

counter between music and audience. The Concert Walk mix music with its surroundings, creating a completely new and interesting situation in the borderline between art, music, nature and urban environments and cultural heritage. The Concert Walk is created by Anna Berit Asp Christensen, produced by SCENATET and and supported by Statens Kunstfond and City of Copenhagen

Health and well-being 9:00 - 9:40 Venue 01 Multisalen Death, Time, and Eternity Sheldon Solomon ssolomon@skidmore.edu Website

supported by

Sheldon Solomon is professor of social psychology at Skidmore College, NY, USA and has co-developed Terror Management Theory, along with Jeff Greenberg and Tom Pyszczynski to explore how the threat of death, conscious and unconscious, motivates human denial and behavior. “The cradle rocks above an abyss, and common sense tells us that our existence is but a brief crack of light between two eternities of darkness.” Vladamir Nabokov, Speak, Memory: A Memoir “In any weather, at any hour of the day or night, I have been anxious to improve the nick of time, and notch it on my stick too; to stand on the meeting of two eternities, the past and future, which is precisely the present mo-

ment...” Henry David Thoreau, Walden I will describe how the uniquely human awareness of death engenders potentially debilitating existential terror that underlies our subjective experience of time, preoccupation with time, commodification of time, and appreciation for time – and consider the implications of these ideas for improving psychological well being and fostering social progress.

Thursday, August 18

9:40 - 9:50 Venue 01 Multisalen Open mic Multisalen 9:50 - 11:00 Venue 01 Multisalen

Symposium

Death and time attitudes: benign and adverse Ksenia Chistopolskaya, Jonte Vowinckel, Ryo Ishii, Sheldon Solomon, Holli-Anne Passmore, Colin Capaldi Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry, Russia ktchist@gmail.com LinkedIn “I am afraid of death.” (Gilgamesh, about 2100 BC). Fear of death is as old as the human ability to reflect on ourselves and to mentally visualize our future. The certainty of our mortality impacts our psyche so profoundly that most commonly we repress it in order to deny the undeniable: our individual futures are not endless. Existential philosophers and psychologists agree with Buddhist scholars on the notion that living an authentic and fulfilled life presupposes accepting the reality of its finiteness. Yet our general tendency is to push this subject far away from us. In this symposium we present

our own research about how our conscious and unconscious relations towards death are intertwined with our relations towards time. Further we address the relationship between our attitudes towards death and our sense of feeling connected to nature and our ability to perceive nature’s beauty and we present research results on attitudes towards time and death in medics. During the symposium we will also discuss strategies of improving one’s death acceptance and we will introduce a practical exercise on this issue.

The symposium explores the concepts of time perspectives and time attitudes, the idea of balanced time perspective and dwells on the topics of eudemonic present and consideration of future consequences. We present a cross-cultural research on nature connectedness, death attitudes and time orientation, a research on time

perspectives and death attitudes in medics and a study on implicit and explicit death attitudes and time perspectives. Death is a necessary part of every person’s time perspective. We are all mortal and in order to live a balanced, mindful life in harmony with environment we need to accept the fragility of the human condition. The 98

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symposium shows the necessity of death talks in medical universities and advanced medical training, as well as in nature protection work, and individual understanding of implicit and explicit beliefs about death. Though first academic discussions and studies about death attitudes appeared 50 years ago, experimental social psychological terror management theory – 30 years ago, and meaning management theory – 20 years ago, and there are thanatology courses in schools and universities in some countries, people are still reluctant to speak about death and have difficulties in understanding their position concerning it. Still it has to be changed. People need to know traps in which death fear can lure them and how they can fight it with the help of meaningful and compassionate life. We show this on the example of balanced time perspective, hardiness, attachment, engagement with beauty, connectedness to nature and presence of meaning. This symposium is aimed for clinical and social psychologists, medics and general public. Psychologists are invited because they may encounter the wishes of their clients to talk about death and because they deal

with defenses against death fears in their practice. Medics are awaited because they deal with death in their practice and may wish to know how to avoid its negative influence. Also general people interested in the problem of death are welcomed. During our symposium we want to bring into awareness of the audience the topic of death and its relevance to balanced and meaningful life. We will consider the symposium successful, if there is good coverage for the event, fruitful discussion, some plans for future research and arrangements of implementations of our work (death talks (seminars, lectures) in universities). So, in order to explain correspondence between death and time attitudes, our symposium will solve clinical and social psychologists’, medics’ and general audience’s problem of death awareness by giving them the idea how to accept death and live more meaningful and balanced life. We will know if our symposium is a success, when we will receive fruitful feedback and have some agreements of future research and implementations of our work. We will use PowerPoint presentations with a projector.

Time perspectives in medical students: Past Positive as a defense from closeness to death K. Chistopolskaya, S. Enikolopov, S. Ignatenko, S. Ozol, G. Semikin Ilya Mechnikov wrote: “The awareness of inevitability of death, of which the animals are deprived and which often makes people unhappy, is a reparable wrong and precisely because of science. It is more than possible that it will teach us to live according to the principles of ortobiosis and will lead life to the moment of breaking of the instinct of natural death, when there will be no fear of inevitability of the end”. So he thought that science, and precisely medical science will deliver people from the fear of death.

Thus, these are the doctors themselves, who should be the first people to look death fearlessly into the eyes. Still, there is a hypothesis that medics suffer from close and frequent encounters with death, as it is in human nature to fear it. We conducted a study of medical (N=205), social (N=156) and engineering sciences students (N=283), checking their time perspectives (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory), attachment styles (Experience in Close Relationships Revised), hardiness (Hardiness Survey), as well 99

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as death attitudes (Death Attitudes Profile Revised) and death fears (Fear of Personal Death Scale). According to ANOVA post hoc analysis (Games-Howell), the healthiest attitude was found in engineering students: they feared death less and had high scores on hardiness and Future time perspective. Students of social sciences appeared careless: their data speak for the lack of high importance of the fear of death. Medical students had low scores of hardiness and heightened scores of anxious and avoidant attachment as well as high Past Negative and Present Fatalistic, fear of death and fear of forgetting, which are the most adverse factors of death attitudes. But there was no difference between medical and engineering students in Past Positive time perspective. We hypothesized that in medics it plays the role of defense from adverse death at-

titudes. Correlation analysis showed strong association of Past Positive with Approach Acceptance of Death (r=.21, p<.01), Death Avoidance (r=.42, p<.001), Fear of Death (r=.27, p<.001), Escape Acceptance of Death (r= -.26, p<.001), as well as different fears of consequences of death: for personality (r=.14, p<.05), body (r=.21, p<.01), aspirations (r=.2, p<.01), transcendental (r=.26, p<.001), and family and friends (r=.29, p<.001). Thus, in medical students nostalgia is the main defense from closeness to death, giving them the ability to keep distance from death and endue death fears without disintegration. Still, strong fears of death may become a problem when handling the dying patient. We discuss the possibilities of training medics in thanatology in order to acquaint them with other positive defenses from death.

Acceptance of death, denial of death, nature connectedness and present perspectives Jonte Vowinckel Research shows that people who are primed on their own mortality defend against their own ‘creatureliness’, are less likely to anthropomorphize natural objects and perceive natural landscapes as less beautiful compared to controls that are not primed on death. These studies indicate that awareness of the ‘natureliness’ of humans may trigger awareness of one’s own mortality, i.e., awareness of humans’ nature affiliation may activate existential anxieties, that people tend to defend against by investing in efforts that aim at decreasing the overlap of their mental representations of the concepts of nature and human. We hypothesize that on trait-level this mechanism is reflected in structurally decreased nature connectedness (decreased identification with nature) and decreased engagement with nature’s beauty in people that

have negative attitudes toward death, i.e., high avoidance of death-related cognition and low neutral death acceptance (seeing death as an inherent part of life). Although more causal research is necessary, the current study may increase understanding of a, yet widely overlooked, though probably structurally influential determinant of the tendentially hostile humanity-nature relationship. Concerning the time perspective/death attitudes relationship, we assume that ‘the present’, like nature, acts as a potential death/impermanence/mortality reminder due to its character of permanent change of its contents. Therefore we hypothesize that an open, engaged and mindful perspective on the present (present eudaimonic), opposed to a hedonistic one (present hedonistic), is positively associated with neutral 100

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death acceptance and negatively with avoidance of death-related cognition. Regarding construct validity of the present eudaimonic scale, we expect that it will show stronger

associations with nature connectedness, engagement with beauty and presence of meaning in life than the present hedonistic scale.

Relationships between adolescents’ identity status, time attitudes, implicit self-associations with death, and explicit death images Ryo ISHII The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between adolescents’ identity status, implicit self-associations with death, and explicit death images. A total of 191 undergraduates and vocational school students participated in the experiment and questionnaire survey. Participants’ implicit self-associations with death were measured by the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and their explicit death images were measured by adjective-pairs using a semantic differential method. Participants’ time attitudes were measured by the Adolescent Time Attitude Scale (ATAS), and their identity was measured by the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS). Through cluster analysis of the DIDS responses, participants were divided into 5 identity status groups: foreclosure, achievement, searching moratorium, carefree diffusion, and diffused diffusion. The results of correlational analysis showed different relationships between time attitude, implicit self-association with death, and explicit death images, depending on the identity status of participants. Especially, the results showed mainly 3 dif-

ferent relationships: (1) between positive attitude toward past and implicit self-associations with death, (2) between negative attitude toward future and explicit death image, and (3) between negative attitude toward past and explicit death image. In the foreclosure, achievement, and carefree diffusion groups, adolescents whose attitude toward future was negative imagined death positively. Also, in the carefree diffusion group, adolescents who had negative attitude toward past thought death positively. Then, positive attitude toward past was positively related to implicit self-associations with death in the achievement group. In the carefree diffusion group, however, that was negatively related to implicit self-associations with death. These results suggest that time attitudes have different effects on the implicit and explicit thoughts of death for each identity status. The role of time attitudes for implicit and explicit images of death in the development of identity status was discussed. In addition, the application of these knowledge to death education was also discussed.

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11:00 - 11:30 Venue 01 Multisalen Coffee break / poster session / Meet the Artist - Multisalen

Posters About time: films in education, training, coaching, and therapy Anna Tylikowska, Kinga Tucholska Pedagogical Univeristy of Cracow, Poland antylikowska@gmail.com Website Movies excellently portray the complexity of human experiences and conceptualizations of time. There are possibilities of using chosen films in school education, teaching and learning psychology, and many other forms of psychological work in processes of building awareness of personal time orientations, improving understanding of social environment and its temporal dimensions, self-help, and therapy. We propose four detailed sce-

narios of psychologically meaningful and productive work on the base of four films dealing with the theme of time. The scenarios might be used in educational and psychological interventions like therapy or coaching, carried out in the group or individual form, with children, youth, and adults. They can be effectively employed to improve building more conscious time experience and more balanced time perspective.

Stability of time perspective and its relation to future satisfaction with life Umit Akirmak, Sezin Benli, Ilayda Dogu Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey umit.akirmak@bilgi.edu.tr The present study had two purposes. First, the characteristics of time perspective (TP) in terms of its stability over time and its sensitivity to momentary influences were evaluated. Second, the relationship between subjective well-being and TP was examined. Recent research connected variations in TP to subjective well-being and perceived satisfaction with life (Orkibi, 2014; Sobol-Kwapinska, 2016). But, these studies measured TP at a single point in time and thus disregarding the possible variations due to passage of

time. The consistency of TP scores and how they are connected to subjective well-being measures were examined in this longitudinal study in order to better understand these issues. For this purpose, a questionnaire that included the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI, Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999), various personality and well-being measures were administered to participants at two time periods that were 8 to 10 weeks apart (n = 171 and n = 71 for the test and retest phases). In order to evaluate the sensitivity 102

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of TP scores to momentary influences, participants were randomly assigned to four different conditions before administering the retest measures: past, present, future, and controls. They were instructed to write a short essay on a specific topic that was aimed to intentionally shift participants’ attentional focus to a particular frame of time. The purpose was to examine whether the instructions to intentionally focus on their childhood, present moment, summer vacation plans, or a non-temporal topic (describing university registration process) would change TP scores compared to a previous measurement. Thus, the study had a mixed design with all constructs measured as within subjects and time focus manipulated between subjects via the instructions. Separate 2 (pre vs. post) x 4 (past, present, future, and neutral conditions) mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were conducted on each dimension of the ZTPI. The results showed that the main effects and the interaction effect were not statistically significant (p > .05) indicating that TP was relatively stable over time and seemed to be not affected by momentary shifts in the focused frame of time. Furthermore, separate multiple regression analyses revealed that among the ZTPI dimensions, the best predictor of current and future satisfaction with life were Past Positive (β =.28, p <.001 and β =.34, p <.001 respectively for the current and future satisfaction with life) and Past Negative (β =-.48, p <.001 and β = -.39, p < .001 respectively for the current and future satisfaction with life) scores implying that one’s satisfaction with life increases with a positive attitude towards the past. The current findings also indicated that participants’ personality and well-being measures showed a corresponding consistency in relation to their time perspectives as de-

picted by high test-retest correlation coefficients (r’s ranging from .66 to .82). Finally, participants’ deviation from balanced time perspective (DBTP) scores were calculated and were entered into a hierarchical regression analysis predicting current satisfaction with life. The aim was to examine whether DBTP scores would explain additional variance when personality measures were statistically controlled. The results of this analysis showed that DBTP (β = -.28, p < .01) explained 4% additional variance in satisfaction with life scores indicating that having a more balanced time perspective contributes to positive subjective well-being. These findings support the view that subjective-wellbeing is strongly connected to positive view of the personal past and to balanced TP. However, it was surprising that Future dimension had weak associations with satisfaction with life scores. Future scores also had weak association with negative affect scores. One possibility is that psychological well-being as measured by satisfaction with life is likely to be influenced more by the presence of negative affect rather than positive affect. More research is needed to understand how affect relates to TP dimensions. Additionally, present findings also showed that TP remains relatively stable across time and not easily affected by actively thinking about a specific time frame for a short duration. Even though there is evidence that TPs are changeable through intervention (Zimbardo, Sword, & Sword, 2012), the present study failed to find evidence for change. The results should be interpreted cautiously because i) a psychological intervention was not employed in the current study; ii) the sample employed was a nonclinical college sample, and iii) participants did not have intrinsic motivation to change their TP.

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A SPLIT OF TIME: SITUATIONAL CONTEXT AND THE MEASURE OF TEMPORAL FUNCTIONING Kinga Tucholska, Bozena Gulla, Malgorzata Wysocka-Pleczyk Jagiellonian University, Poland kinga.tucholska@uj.edu.pl The presentation is a result of our direct experience as a research team in study various dimensions of temporal experience in non-normative situational context such as prison. We refer to some specific situations which, due to the meaning for the subject, turn out to be critical and divide experience on what was “before”, “during” and “after” the event. Among them imprisonment, pro-

longed hospitalization or military service may cause sort of a “split of time”. The influence of situational context is so strong that must be taken into consideration by psychologists using popular quantitative methods to measure trait-like variables, e.g. temporal competence or time perspective among prisoners or hospital patients, otherwise there is a risk of obtaining artifacts.

Time Perspective & Appearance Concern: Influences On Smoking Behaviour Lisa Murphy, Kellie Morrissey, Samantha Dockray University College Cork, Ireland lisa.murphy@ucc.ie Website Twitter Objective: The association between Time Perspective (TP) and health risk behaviours, such as smoking and helmet use, is well established. Some health behaviours might also be influenced by appearance orientation (AO), and it has been postulated that individuals who hold higher regards for their appearance may engage in particular health behaviours to protect against aging or other appearance related concerns; this then may have collateral health benefits, e.g. smoking cessation is protective against smoking related diseases and also reduces the risk of accelerated aging. However, the unique and combined effects of TP and AO as they relate to health behaviours is yet to be explored. This research aims to explore the interplay between present and future TP and AO and smoking behaviour.

Methods: Participants (N = 250 emerging adults) completed an online survey which assessed health risk behaviours, AO, Appearance Worry (AW), present and future TP, and intended health protective behaviours (e.g. smoking cessation). Results: Preliminary correlation analyses indicated significant bivariate associations of TP, AO and AW in smokers. Multivariate analyses of variance were conducted to examine the independent influence of these variables as they relate to smoking behaviour, self-rated nicotine dependence and desire to quit smoking. There were statistically significant differences in present fatalism and AW, i.e. individuals with higher desire to quit scored higher in AW and lower in present fatalism, and individuals with greater numbers of quit attempts scored higher in AW and in present 104

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fatalism. Conclusion: Results are discussed in terms of health behaviour theory and models, with emphasis on the requirement

for further research and the incorporation of these variable into personalized health promoting interventions.

Time perspective, insight into illness and positive/negative symptoms frequency in schizophrenia Magdalena Nowicka University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poland nowickamagda@op.pl The study analyzed the relationship between temporal perspective in persons with chronic schizophrenia, self reported frequency of symptoms related with this illness and patients’ insight into schizophrenia. The sample of our questionnaire study consisted of 120 patients with schizophrenia aged between 25 and 45 years. Time perspective was measured with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. The five time perspective dimensions were related to specific aspects of symptoms. Patients who were more positively oriented towards the past reported less frequent positive as well as negative symptoms. A he-

donistic view of the present was related to a higher positive affect, whereas future time perspective was related to less frequent self-reported positive symptoms (especially auditory hallucinations). Moreover, it appeared that the influence of fatalistic present time perspectives on the frequency of positive and negative symptoms is dependent on patients’ insight. In group of patients with higher fatalistic present time perspective better insight was related with less frequent negative symptoms, whereas lack of the insight correlated with higher level of positive symptoms.

When personality does not matter anymore: Balanced Time Perspective attenuates well-established links between personality traits and well-being Maciej Stolarski University of Warsaw, Poland mstolarski@psych.uw.edu.pl Website Links between two major personality traits – extraversion and neuroticism – and subjective well-being (SWB) are well-confirmed. Prior research has also shown that SWB is significantly related to the likelihood of adopting a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP). The present paper aims to determine whether BTP moderates relationships between personal-

ity and SWB. Results of study 1 show that the personality-SWB relationships were weaker in individuals who reported higher levels of time perspective balance, whereas personality was a particularly strong predictor of SWB within those reporting low levels of time perspective balance. In study 2 we attempted to replicate these findings for various measures 105

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of well-being and in much bigger samples. In general it seems that high levels of temporal balance may result in becoming more or less independent from the personality-based

pre-determination of well-being. The results are briefly discussed in the light of Time Perspective theory, taking into account their potential practical applications.

Effectiveness of writing a letter about life to others on construction of time perspective Akane Ishikawa Rissho University, Japan akanei125c@gmail.com It is useful for constructing time perspective to making a life story. In addition, previous studies suggested that telling a life story to others have effect of construction of time perspective (Mizokami, 2004; Yamada, 2000). Therefore, writing a letter about life to others has also effect on construction of time perspective. This study examined the effectiveness of writing a letter about life to others on construction of time perspective in undergraduates, using a short longitudinal design. One hundred thirty five Japanese undergraduates were asked to take part in a “Letter study”, which is to tell their life to others (researcher) in the form of letter. Especially, in this study, participants were requested to write a letter about “your former

life.” Before and after the writing letter, participants were asked to answer a questionnaire that was composed of the scales which measured time perspective and self-esteem. In the results, in their letters, they wrote not only their past but also their future. Furthermore, they ended letters by noting that they could understand their meaning of life and look and hope in the future. The results revealed the importance and the usefulness of telling a life story to others through writing a letter positively and meaningfully in creating positive time perspective. We suggest writing a letter about life to others as effective way to support undergraduates constructing positive time perspective.

A time to be stressed? Time Perspectives and cortisol dynamics among healthy adults Lening A. Olivera Figueroa, Robert-Paul Justera, Julie Katia Morin-Majora, Marie-France Marina, Sonia J. Lupiena Yale University School of Medicine lening.olivera@gmail.com Perceptions of past, present, and future events may be related to stress pathophysiology. We assessed whether Time Perspective (TP) is associated with cortisol dynamics among healthy adults (N = 61, Ages = 18-

35, M = 22.9, SD = 4.1) exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). TP was measured according to two profiles: maladaptive Deviation from Balanced TP (DBTP) and adaptive Deviation from Negative TP (DNTP). Eight sal106

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ivary cortisol samples were analyzed using area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg) and to increase (AUCi). Statistical analyses involved partial correlations controlling for depressive symptoms. Results for both sexes showed that higher DBTP scores were associated with lower cortisol AUCg scores, while higher DNTP scores

were associated with higher cortisol AUCg scores. These novel findings suggest that maladaptive TP profiles influence hypocortisolism, whereas adaptive TP profiles influence hypercortisolism. Thus, TP profiles may impact conditions characterized by altered cortisol concentrations.

Time perspective and subjective well-being of young adults Irena Jelonkiewicz Maria Grzegorzewska Academy of Special Education, Poland jelonkie@gmail.com Objective: In the hedonic approach subjective well-being (SWB) is defined as a cognitive and emotional appraisal of one’s life, including life satisfaction, experiencing pleasurable affect, and infrequent occurrence of negative affect. SWB may be an indicator of mental health and quality of life. SWB was analyzed by means of a narrative method. SWB changes during lifetime: on the past, at present and in the future were measured using life graph technique. The aim of the study was to establish relationships between young adults’ time perspectives and their subjective well-being in the past, at present, and in the future. Methods: Participants were 239 students of high schools (54% women). They responded to questionnaire measuring time perspectives (ZTPI). To measure subjective well-being, the respondents were asked to draw a life graph in two dimensions - of their happi-

ness and satisfaction in the past, at present, and in the future. Results: Students’ time perspectives were found to be significantly related to their well-being. Higher cognitive and emotional appraisal of one’s life were associated with lower indicators of past negative oriented perspective and present fatalistic oriented perspective and higher indicators of past positive oriented perspective. Among the perspectives studied past positive oriented and present fatalistic oriented perspectives were used more often as the predictors explaining variance of both dimensions of subjective well-being. Conclusions: Results indicate that probably some of the time perspectives are more important for the regulation of subjective well-being.

Time Perspective in Relation to Gratitude and Religiosity Aneta Przepiorka, Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland aneta.przepiorka@gmail.com In the literature, the positive relationship

between gratitude, past positive and future 107

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time perspective was found. The current study extended the search for the way by which an association between time perspective, dispositional gratitude, and religiosity may present. Additionally, there were the differences among three age groups tested.

In the study over 500 participants took part. The findings suggest that the differences between gratitude, religiosity and time perspective are subject to a variety of developmental influences across adulthood.

PTSD’S TIME PERSPECTIVE PROFILE IS CORRELATED WITH HEART RATE VARIABILITY REDUCTION. WITCH TIME PERSPECTIVE DIMENSION IS MORE CORRELATED WITH THAT? Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it www.massimoagnoletti.it LinkedIn Post traumatic stress disorder people have a specific time perspective orientation (high past negative, low past positive, high or low present hedonistic and very low future). Aims of this video poster is comparing 23

PTSD’s time orientation people identifying witch time perspective dimension is more correlated with reduced HRV (heart rate variability), an important health index.

PTSD’S TIME PERSPECTIVE PROFILE IS CORRELATED WITH A SPECIFIC INFLAMMATORY CONFIGURATION? WITCH TIME PERSPECTIVE DIMENSION IS MORE CORRELATED WITH THIS INFLAMMATORY CONFIGURATION? Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it Website LinkedIn Post Traumatic Stress Disorder people have many psychological-neural-physiological-metabolic consequences. Present poster want explore data from 23 PTSD people in order to see if there is a connection between their time perspective profile and some physiological-metabolic biomarkers that identify inflammatory status.

Methodology involve the multifactor analysis of the match of ZTPI (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory) survey and inflammatory biomarkers (extra-cellular water, extra-cellular potassium, phase angle coefficient) that can be measured by non-invasive bio-impedence instruments.

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PTSD’S TIME PERSPECTIVE PROFILE IS CORRELATED WITH A ANTI- INFLAMMATORY CHOLINERGIC PATHWAY ACTIVITY INTERFERENCE? WITCH TIME PERSPECTIVE DIMENSION IS MORE CORRELATED WITH THIS KIND OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CHOLINERGIC ACTIVITY? Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it Website LinkedIn Post Traumatic Stress Disorder people have many psychological-neural-physiological-metabolic consequences. Present poster want explore data from 23 PTSD people in order to see if there is a connection between their time perspective profile and anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway activity.

Methodology involve the multifactor analysis of the match of ZTPI (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory) survey and anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway activity index (RMSSD) that can be measured by non-invasive bio-impedence instruments.

DO TIME PERSPECTIVE ORIENTATIONS HAVE SPECIFIC VAGAL ACTIVITY OR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CHOLINERGIC PATHWAY ACTIVITY? PAST NEGATIVE/FUTURE VS PRESENT HEDONISTIC/PAST POSITIVE Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it Website LinkedIn Anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway activity is an important health index where converges/integrates connections between brain and all main metabolic systems (cardiovascular, digestive, immune, ...). This video-poster want to explore the possible correlation between different time perspective orientations and some anti-inflammatory

cholinergic biomarkers (RMSSD and VHF...) we can measure by non-invasive bio-impedence instruments. Poster present a possible way to explore this issue selecting groups by ZTPI (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory) survey and MUS (Medical Unexplained Symptoms) survey.

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DO TIME PERSPECTIVE ORIENTATIONS HAVE DIFFERENT HEART RATE VARIABILITY? Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it Website LinkedIn Hearth rate variability is an important health index related to cardiovascular health. This video-poster want to explore correlation between different time perspective orientations and different range of hearth rate variability we can measure by non-invasive

bio-impedence instruments. Poster present a possible way to explore this issue selecting groups by ZTPI (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory) survey and MUS (Medical Unexplained Symptoms) survey.

DIFFERENT TIME PERSPECTIVE ORIENTATIONS HAVE DIFFERENT NUMBER AND/OR TYPE OF MEDICAL UNEXPLAINED SYMPTOMS? Massimo Agnoletti Centro Benessere Psicologico, Italia info@massimoagnoletti.it Website LinkedIn MUS (Medical Unexplained Symptoms) is a validated survey useful to identify health status. Number and kind of MUS answers are correlated with a different health status so this poster’s aim is to explore the possible connection between number and kind of MUS answers and different kind of time

perspective orientation (past, present and future). Methodology involve the multifactor analysis of the match of ZTPI (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory) survey and MUS (Medical Unexplained Symptom) survey.

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fluence on well-being. This “balanced” outlook on time is defined as a sentimental and positive view of the past (high past positive), a less pessimistic attitude toward the past (low past negative), the desire of experiencing pleasure with slight concern for future consequences (high present hedonistic), a less fatalistic and hopeless view of the future (low present fatalistic), and the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals (high future). In the present study, we used the affective profiles model (i.e., combinations of individuals’ experience of high/low positive/negative affectivity) as the framework for analyzing individual differences in time perspective dimensions and to investigate if the influence of time perspective dimensions on well-being was moderated by the persons’ type of affective profile. Method: Participants (N = 720) responded to the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Temporal Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the Scales of Psychological WellBeing-short version. A Multivariate Analysis of Variance was conducted to identify differences in time perspective dimensions and well-being. Four Structural Equation Models were used to investigate which time perspective dimensions predicted well-being for individuals with each one of the four profiles. Results: A “balanced” time perspective char-

acterized individuals with a self-fulfilling profile, who also scored higher in psychological well-being and in temporal satisfaction with life compared to individuals with any of the other profiles. Nevertheless, individuals with a high affective or low affective profile scored higher in both temporal satisfaction with life and psychological well-being compared to individuals with a self-destructive profile. Between 16% to 33% of the variance of psychological well-being and 29% to 40% of the variance of temporal satisfaction with life could be explained by the time perspective dimensions across the four profiles. For individuals with different profiles, however, their well-being was predicted by different time perspective dimensions. For example, while all dimensions explained the variance of psychological well-being for individuals with a self-destructive profile, only the past positive and present hedonistic dimensions were associated to the level of psychological well-being reported by individuals with a low affective profile. Moreover, the future dimension predicted the level of life satisfaction only among individuals with a self-destructive profile. Conclusion: Depending on the type of affective profile, individuals seem to use specific outlooks of time that fit their profile, thus, allowing them to maintain homeostasis in their affective system and at the same time increase their well-being.

“The Person’s Type of Affective Profile as a moderator on the Relationship between Time Perspective and Well-Being” Danilo Garcia, Uta Sailer, Ali Al Nima, Trevor Archer

Meet the Artist - Multisalen

Network for Empowerment and Well-Being, Sweden danilo.garcia@icloud.com

Space-Time-o-Scope Olga Ast

Background: A “balanced” time perspective

It’s Time For … Hamide Design Studio

has been suggested to have a positive in110

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11:30 - 13:00

Parallel sessions Symposium

Venue 01 Multisalen Connecting to the Future (Self): Implications and Innovative Approaches for Enhancing Self-Regulation and Well-Being Fuschia M. Sirois, Harriett M. Baird, Wendelien van Eerde University of Sheffield, United Kingdom f.sirois@sheffield.ac.uk Website The successful regulation of goals is a wellknown determinant of health and well-being. However, many people struggle with reaching their goals and this can take a toll on overall well-being. Failure to monitor goals can interfere with achieving goals and may reflect difficulties in being able to focus on the future and imagine oneself in a future temporal horizon. In Connecting to the Future (Self): Implications and Innova-

tive Approaches for Enhancing Self-Regulation and Well-Being, we argue that successful self-regulation of goals requires shifting among one’s temporal frames to consider not only the present but also the future to achieve success. With research collected by the Amsterdam Business School, we discuss finding effective ways to reduce procrastination and bring your ideal Future Self to the present.

Mental Health and Time Perspective Venue 04 Lille sal (small room)

The relationship between vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, time perspective, personality and satisfaction with life Joanna Witowska, Oliwia Maciantowicz, Marcin Zajenkowski University of Warsaw, Poland joanna.witowska@psych.uw.edu.pl Website Previous investigations have shown that there are significant differences between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. To date, however, no studies have explored

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cissism, time perspective (TP), personality and satisfaction with life were examined. The results indicated that the two forms of narcissism are associated with different TP profiles. Specifically, grandiose narcissists exhibited high present hedonistic orientation. This result was significant after controlling for extraversion, and was consistent with grandiose narcissists’ tendency toward risk-taking, impulsive behavior, and little consideration for future consequences. Vulnerable narcissists showed higher levels

of past negative, present fatalistic and present hedonistic TPs. However, when the two types of narcissism have been analyzed together, only grandiose narcissism predicted hedonistic orientation. Finally, vulnerable narcissism was positively correlated with Deviation from Balanced Time Perspective, meaning that vulnerable narcissists manifest less balanced TP. Additional analysis revealed that past negative orientation of vulnerable narcissism might be a factor explaining their low satisfaction with life.

Time Perspective, Personality, and Temporal Life Satisfaction among Anorexia Nervosa Patients Danilo Garcia, Suzanna Lundblad, Trevor Archer Network for Empowerment and Well-Being, Sweden danilo.garcia@icloud.com A “balanced” time perspective influences life satisfaction and is defined as: a sentimental and positive view of the past (high past positive), a less pessimistic attitude toward the past (low past negative), the desire of experiencing pleasure with slight concern for future consequences (high present hedonistic), a less fatalistic and hopeless view of the future (low present fatalistic), and the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals (high future). We investigated differences in these dimensions, temporal life satisfaction (i.e., past, present, and future), and personality between 88 anorexia nervosa patients and 111 matched controls. The patients scored higher in the past negative and present fatalistic dimensions and higher in conscientiousness, ex-

traversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The controls scored higher in all other time perspective dimensions and temporal life satisfaction. Hierarchical multiple regressions showed that patients’ temporal life satisfaction was predicted by personality (Adjusted R2 = .17), but the time perspective dimensions largely contributed in this prediction (∆ Adjusted R2 change = .19). The unique predictors were the past positive (β = .25, p < .05) and present hedonistic (β = .50, p < .001) dimensions. This suggests that patients’ outlook of contemplation of the past and the present might have implications for well-being interventions among anorexia nervosa patients beyond their personality traits.

how grandiose and vulnerable narcissists partition their personal experiences into time-bound categories. In the present study associations between the two types of nar112

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The Zeitgeist of Fashion: Timeless Trends and Economics Across the Globe Natalie Odisho Foosaner Art Center, United States natalieodisho@yahoo.com Website LinkedIn Twitter We investigate the roles of Time Perspective attitudes and economy as they join together in physical, wearable fashion. In the present, fashion tells a story of our collective past and shapes the path of how the future may be desirably defined. Global economies and cultures create meaning through the willful communication of fashion. The fashion

paradox within North America contains the extremes of time: In one aspect, it is based on timeless themes and minimalistic values. On the other hand, hedonistic trends are hot to sell out season after season. In this way, fashion is a living piece of our history, lives, and culture that rapidly interacts with global events.

Time for Bad Behaviour? Associations between Time Attitudes and Antisocial Personality Traits Liz Temple Federation University, Australia e.temple@federation.edu.au This presentation will share findings from a study investigating associations between time attitudes and antisocial personality traits. Specifically, the 122 participants’ positive and negative attitudes to the past, present and future were assessed along with the antisocial personality traits of callousness, hostility, deceitfulness, manipulativeness and grandiosity. Participants were also asked to report the frequency with which they thought about the past, present and future. Preliminary analyses include moderation analyses which indicate that the significant association between negative attitudes towards the future and callousness (ΔR2 = .15, β =.39, p <.001) was moderated by frequency of thinking about the future (ΔR2 =

.08, β = -.29, p =.001), with these variables explaining 25% of variance in callousness scores: R2 = .27, Adj. R2 = .25, F(3, 121) = 14.49, p <.001. These findings suggest that individuals with negative attitudes towards the future who rarely think about the future, engage in more callous behaviour than those who have equally negative attitudes, but who think about the future frequently. Additional findings indicate that the significant association between negative attitudes about the past and hostility (ΔR2 = .06, β =.24, p =.009) was moderated by frequency of time thinking about the past (ΔR2 = .03, β =.18, p =.039), with these variables explaining 10% of variance in hostility scores: R2 = .12, Adj. R2 = .210 F(3, 121) = 5.58, p =.001. These findings suggest that individuals with 114

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negative attitudes to the past who think about the past frequently, engage in more hostile behaviour than those who hold equally negative attitudes but who rarely think about the past. Further findings from this study will be presented, with a focus on discussing implications

for clinical practice and society more broadly. The presentation will be aimed at an interested and potentially non-specialist audience, with methods and results explained clearly in non-technical language where possible, to ensure that the content and ideas are understandable to a broad audience.

Time Perspective and Semantic Differential of time in individuals with substance use disorders Svetlana Klimanova, Anna V. Trusova Saint Petersburg State University, Russia svetlanagkl@gmail.com Current study was aimed at exploring Time perspective orientation and Semantic Differential of Time among patients recovering from substance use disorders. Time perspective scale assesses individual inclination toward past, present, or future in their subjective experience; Semantic Differential of Time scales measure connotative meaning and, therefore, cognitive and emotional components of subjective perception of time. For the purpose of this study we recruited patients (n = 57, 22 women and 35 men, average age = 39.70±10.68), who were completing inpatient treatment for alcohol and other substance use disorders. They were given a set of questionnaires, which included Time Perspective Scale and Semantic Differential of Time Scale. The results of the study suggested that the most prevalent time perspective orientation

among patients was Present Hedonistic (M = 3.58±0.57), whereas the least prevalent was Present Fatalistic (M = 2.97±0.77). The results of the study also revealed that the patients tended to view their future as more tense, active, changeable, realistic, specific, and approximated, their past - as less emotionally charged and less structured, and their present – as less active, less emotionally charged, more frustrating, and less meaning. The link between constructs of Time Perspective and Semantic Differential of time in the sample are explored. The utility of using time perspective and semantic differential in assessment of patients’ readiness for change and their treatment is discussed. This research study was supported by Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation grant.

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Model of time perspective as a functional system Lika Mikeladze Lomonosov Moscow State University lika.mikeladze@gmail.com LinkedIn Approach: According to the cultural historic approach in psychology and the theory of system-dynamic localization of higher mental functions of L.S. Vygotsky and A.R. Luria, time perception is described as a higher mental function (HMF). It corresponds with three major aspects of HMF: it is social in the context of its origination, symbolically mediated in the context of its structure and voluntary in the context of the means of its control. With a view to its complex investigation the author developed a model of time perception within the framework of a system dynamic approach in psychology based on the theory of functional systems of P.K. Anokhin and the tradition of the application of the concept of functional system to the analysis of mental functions (A.R. Luria, Yu.V. Mikadze, etc.) We analyze the psychological intention of the concept of time perception, the way it realizes in the actual action of a person, in other words we study the psychological system of time perception and its components. We see time perspective as a part (or a level) of the entire system of time perception, commonly referred to as psychological time. Time perspective as a functional system: TP was analyzed in terms of the specificity of inclusion and hierarchization of the components to the system which lead it to the adaptive result – the structuring of the integral time continuum of personality. The aim of the functioning of TP is autoregulation in the context of self-consciousness. Probably in ontogenesis TP undergoes changes getting significant not only for functioning “here and now” but also for the

regulation of different aspects of self-consciousness in isolation from the real situation which makes it connected with the functioning of personality. The deep processing of the information connected with the past, the present and the future and the reference to this information is proceeded by a triggering stimulus – some goal which the person faces. The formation and the reference to TP takes place on the basis of actual motivation and with regards to emotional state. The connection between TP and the status of mental functions and biorhythmic brain activity shouldn’t be ignored while it is not as vivid as in the question of timing: reference to the past, analysis of the current situation and anticipation of the future events is strongly connected with the processes of memory, attention, probabilistic forecasting, etc. In particular, the reference to TP happens accounting past experience, namely the information about events and units (day, week, year). At the same time the leading role in TP play personality factors: information about past events is drawn out considering their emotional estimation, the attitude to them. The features of self-esteem, self-attitude, personality attitudes define the features of TP: its harmonicity; “break” between the past, the present and the future; bias towards any of time zones. The synthesis of the presuppositions of the reference to TP leads to the formation of the action program (deep processing or drawning-out of the information about the past, creating the image of the present or the future, etc.) and, in terms of the theory of functional systems, the acceptor of the 116

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results of the action. Parameters of the result owing to the process of backward feedback enter the acceptor of the results of the action where it is estimated completed or requiring rearrangement. Conclusion: The presented model allows to make a complex analysis of different factors in the functioning of TP, starting from genetic mechanisms and finishing with affec-

tive and cognitive factors. It also reflects the dynamism of TP. It is favorable for complex analysis of the integral process of time perspective as it allows to reveal the disturbed and preserved units of a functional system and gives an image of an entire syndrome. Thereby is corresponds to the investigation of TP in healthy people as well as in people with mental or other types of disorders.

Well-being and Time Perspective Venue 05 Store sal (big room)

The Role of Time Perspective on the Stress Coping Styles of Puerto Rican Immigrants Living in United States Lening Olivera Figueroa, Gladys J. Jimenez-Torres, Kyriah Cuebas, Andres Barkil-Oteo, Nanet M. Lopez-Cordova Yale University School of Medicine lening.olivera@gmail.com Immigration processes commonly represent heightened levels of stress for immigrants. To deal with stress immigrants utilize diverse coping mechanisms. One psychological construct previously shown to influence choice of stress coping is Time Perspective (TP). TP is defined as the cognitive representation of time, in which human beings positively or negatively perceive their life experiences according to past, present or future temporal orientations. This construct is measured through five TP categories assessed by the Zimbardo TP Inventory (ZTPI): Past Positive; Past Negative; Present Hedonistic; Present Fatalistic; and Future. Although each of the five TP tendencies are believed to be independent of each other, two distinct TP profiles have been identified: an adaptive Balanced TP (BTP) profile, and a maladaptive Negative TP (NTP) profile. Despite the growing popularity of TP in psychology, no prior investigations had previously addressed whether TP profiles influence

stress coping styles across Puerto Rican immigrants living in U.S.A. Thus, we assessed the predictability of TP on the adaptive and maladaptive stress coping styles of healthy and treatment-seeking Puerto Rican immigrants living at the State of Connecticut (CT). Fifty-one healthy adults (16 men and 35 women) between the ages of 18 to 78 (mean + SEM age: 43.35 + 1.7 years) and eighty-six treatment-seeking adults (22 men and 64 women) between the ages of 25 to 77 (mean + SEM age: 50.18 + 1.254 years) participated (N = 137). Of the total 137 participants recruited for this study, 15 were excluded due to missing data, leaving the final number of participants at 122 (Final N = 122). On average healthy participants had lived 20.84 years away from Puerto Rico (SEM: 1.942), whereas treatment-seeking participants had lived 17.60 years away from Puerto Rico (SEM: 1.379). Adaptive and maladaptive stress coping styles were measured through the Brief COPE inventory, and 117

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TP was measured according to two profiles: maladaptive Deviation from BTP (DBTP) and adaptive Deviation from NTP (DNTP). Statistical analyses conducted on all participants of this study involved two multiple regression analyses using the Enter method on adaptive or maladaptive coping styles as outcomes. For these regression analyses DBTP and DNTP were entered as predictors while controlling for age, category (i.e,: healthy or treatment-seeking), mental health conditions, and Hispanic stress. Results showed that DNTP predicted adaptive coping styles across Puerto Rican immigrants living CT in a manner that accounts for the influence of age and mental health conditions but not by Hispanic stress or treatment-seeking status. On the other hand, DNTP predicted maladaptive coping styles across Puerto Rican immigrants living CT in a manner that accounts for the influence of age, Hispanic stress, and treatment-seeking status, but

not by mental health conditions. No statistically significant findings were observed for DBTP across adaptive or maladaptive coping styles. The finding of high DNTP scores having predicted both adaptive & maladaptive stress coping styles across Puerto Ricans in CT suggests that these individuals actively attempt to cope with stressors in both positive and negative ways. However, the positive or negative valence of these effects may differentially involve the influence of other variables, such as age, Hispanic stress, mental health conditions, and treatment-seeking status. Altogether, these findings suggest that profiling TP and stress coping styles of Puerto Rican immigrants living in U.S.A. could allow clinicians to devise treatment strategies that can assist Puerto Rican immigrants on achieving resilience, as well as on shifting from the maladaptive NTP profile to the adaptive BTP profile.

The relationship between balanced time perspective and burnout syndrome Olga Klamut, Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa University of Wrocław, Poland oklamut@gmail.com Heightened levels of stress are commonly observed among workers in Western civilization countries, who tend to prioritize the attainment of financial objectives over personal development. Prolonged exposure to psychological stress experimented at work environments can lead to burnout. Burnout has been defined as a reduction in work efficacy and life satisfaction, caused by feelings of exhaustion, ineffectiveness, and lack of enthusiasm. Recent studies on stress have linked this phenomena to Time Perspective. Time Perspective (TP) is a cognitive process that partitions human experience

into past, present, and future temporal orientations in a manner that influence behavioral functioning and character. Research on this construct categorizes TP across five temporal orientations: Past Negative (i.e.: aversive view of the past), Past Positive (i.e.: positive and sentimental attitude towards the past), Present Hedonistic (i.e.: risk-taking, hedonistic attitude), Present Fatalistic (i.e.: helpless and hopeless attitude) and Future (i.e.: future, goal-oriented). Optimal combinations of high Past Positive, Future, and moderate Present Hedonistic orientations with low Past Negative and Pres118

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ent Fatalistic are theorized to compose a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) profile. A BTP profile is characterized by the ability to easily switch between TP orientations, in order to best fit an individual’s current behavioral needs. The BTP profile is commonly measured through the Deviation from a Balanced Time Perspective (DBTP) coefficient, an indicator of the distance an individual has to a BTP profile. Based on the described literature we sought to address relationships between the levels of deviation from a BTP profile and vulnerability to develop burnout syndrome. TP was measured in this study through the DBTP, as calculated from the results obtained from the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI). Occupational burnout was measured in this study through the Maslach Burnout

Inventory (MBI), which assesses an individual’s tendency towards burnout syndrome through three general scales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Eighty individuals (N = 80) whose ages ranged from 25 to 60 years participated on this study. Participants were deemed eligible for inclusion in the study if they had worked a minimum of 5 years at one position, coming mostly from large international corporations set in Wrocław, Poland, such as Credit Suisse, Volvo, or Google. Preliminary results indicate that the higher the deviation from a BTP profile, the bigger the predisposition towards burnout symptoms. Thus, these preliminary results suggest a distinct relationship between the vulnerability to develop burnout and an individual’s TP profile.

ularly strong predictor of SWB within those reporting low levels of time perspective balance. In study 2 we attempted to replicate these findings for various measures of well-being and in much bigger samples. In general, it seems that high levels of temporal balance may result in becoming more or less independent from the personality-based pre-determination of well-being. The results are briefly discussed in the light of Time Perspective theory, taking into account their potential practical applications.

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Health-Related Behavior in Context: Time Perspective and Parenting Styles Urška Živkovič, Bojan Musil

Attentional Focus and the Conceptual Representation of Time Julio Santiago, Andrea Flumini, Sobh Chahboun, Yasin Kagan Porsuk, Kai Chai, Marc Ouellet, Daniel Casasanto, Slavica Tutnjević, Joe Lavallee, Tilbe Göksun, Alexander Kranjec

University of Maribor, Slovenia zivkovic.urska@gmail.com LinkedIn Health-risk behaviours, related to diet, physical activity, consumption of tobacco and drugs, are among most addressed societal concerns of the contemporary societies. Drawing on previous empirical research, we address associations between health-risk behaviours and (potentially causal) contextual concepts in a study employing a representative sample of 1257 Slovenian youngsters aged between 15 and 29 years (The Youth 2010 study). Specifically, we investigate associations between health-related indicators concerning substance consumption (alcohol, tobacco), diet (self-reported vegetable and fruit intake) and physical activity (BMI, self-reported frequency of recreation and sports activities) and indicators, relating to parenting styles and concept of time perspective. We hypothesize that authoritative parenting style and future-oriented time perspective are related to better health-related outcomes (lower overall substance consumption, healthier diet and more frequent physical activity). Further, we hypothesize stronger relations of time perspectives with health-related behaviours then with parenting styles, because, as personality or individual-difference variables, they are more operational and thus more directly associated with concrete (health-related) behaviours. Comparatively, parenting styles are considered more distant concepts, with accumulation of early important relations more indirectly and thus less strongly related to health-behavioural outcomes. The results show significant relations of both

constructs (time perspectives and parenting styles) with health-related behaviours. The future time perspective and the authoritative parenting style are positively associated with health beneficial behaviours, whereas both present time perspectives, the permissive and authoritarian parenting style are positively related to more health risk behaviours. In other words, young people that are willing to work hard in the present for their future goals are living more healthy lifestyle – they are more involved in physical activity and have a healthier diet. The same implies for youth whose parents know their worries and have a tendency to include their children’s opinions into important decision-making. Youngsters who are living only in a present, enjoy the immediate pleasures without thinking of their consequences in the future, are living less healthy. They exercise less and consummate less fruits and vegetables. When it comes to parenting, individuals with such lifestyle are usually growing up in an environment, which is either too permissive or too strict. Concerning health-behaviours of substance consumption (alcohol, tobacco) above-mentioned relations are more highlighted for time perspectives. Despite the fact that instruments in the study were shortened, there is a clear-cut trend – both variables are important predictors of health related behaviours. We suggest more elaborated further exploration of relationship between time perspectives and parenting styles. 120

University of Granada, Spain santiago@ugr.es Across the languages of the world, people speak about time using spatial terms (e.g., “we have a great future ahead”, “my best days are behind me”). The received view is that the spatial conceptualization of time arises from perceptuo-motor experiences (e.g., moving forward from a past to a future location) and linguistic experiences (the way time is talked about in a language). Once a conceptualization is in place, it is considered to be quite stable. Against this view, we have recently shown that the conceptualization of time depends on attention (the Temporal Focus Hypothesis; De la Fuente et al., 2014, Psych Sci, 29, 1682):

people who hold strong values regarding tradition and the past tend to locate the past in front. Moreover, if participants are made to pay attention to either their past or future, they tend to locate the attended time in front. This talk will give an update on a follow-up cross-cultural project aimed to provide a thorough test of the Temporal Focus Hypothesis and to study its links with other dimensions of temporal experience, such as temporal depth and perspective, temporal discounting, the emotional valuation of past and future events, and continuity with the past and future self.

Time perspective and attitudes towards some contemporary challenges in young adults Ewa Czerniawska, Maria Ledzińska, Joanna Piechocka University of Warsaw, Poland ewa.czerniawska@psych.uw.edu.pl Two studies were performed in order to investigate relationships between time perspective, in Zimbardo and Boyd paradigm, and attitudes towards globalization, and modern technologies in education. In the first study, 203 participants (mean age 24.5) filled in two questionnaires – The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, ZTPI and Men in the world, constructed by Ledzińska, measuring attitudes towards globalization The results showed a significant relation between positive attitudes towards globalization and present hedonistic time perspective. Positive attitude towards globalization

was linked negatively with past negative and present fatalistic perspectives. In the second study, 184 participants from two groups, at the end of senior high school (mean age 18.4) and university students (mean age 23.5) filled in two questionnaires – ZTPI and Attitudes towards Information and Communication Technology in Education, constructed by Piechocka. The results showed positive, although weak, relations between positive attitudes towards new technologies (tutorials, e-learning, webinars...), and future, and present hedonistic time perspective. Both studies documented that time 121

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perspective may to some degree determine attitudes towards contemporary challenges and the readiness to actively participate in

ongoing modern changes. The issue should be further examined in more detail and in larger groups of young adults.

13:00 - 14:00 Venue 01 Multisalen Lunch 14:00 - 15:30

Workshop

Venue 04 Lille sal (small room) The Voyage from Distress to Well-being: Time Perspective in Clinical Practice and Beyond Elena Kazakina Independent Private Practice, United States ekazakina@comcast.net My workshop will take you inside the psychotherapy room and you will hear about my patients’ fascinating personal experience of time that illuminates their passage from distress to well-being. We will look together at the art and craft of clinical interventions and how they may be enhanced by the active use of temporal frames, past, present and future. Perhaps you will recognize yourself or your partner in the couple’s and family disputes in which “ temporal mismatch” can be skillfully navigated. You will be surprised to discover captivating time dimensions in daily challenges of balancing work and rest, planning a vacation or tidying your closets. Clinical cases will demonstrate the fascinating facets of my patients’ time perspectives as they relate to the diagnostic categories, e.g., bipolar disorder, adult attention deficit disorder, insomnia as well as their experiences of loss and mourning. Marital and

family distress reflecting partners’ “temporal mismatch” is alleviated by training to actively operate past, present and future frames to improve empathy and communication skills. My clinical interventions highlight how time perspective approach is integrated with cognitive behavioral, psychodynamic and existential treatment modalities. My one day of psychotherapy sessions will be “photographed” to illustrate the most intriguing temporal concerns. The notions of balanced time perspective and mental time travel will be discussed in regard to clinical material and career and work issues. Time perspective and mindfulness will be addressed in the context of enhancing individual well being and selfactualization. The areas of work and leisure, travel, design and real estate have powerful temporal dimensions that can be taken into consideration in application of TP research to practical life dilemmas. 122

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Workshop

Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Temporal Components of Hope – An Experiential Workshop Utilizing the Past, Present, and Future in Hope Jesse McElheran University of Alberta, Canada jesse.mcelheran@ualberta.ca Drawing on hope theory and research from across disciplines (counselling psychology, education, and nursing), this engaging workshop will explore the temporal components of hope (i.e., how hope is linked with the past, present, and future). Attendees will be provided with experiential exercises designed to deepen an understanding of one’s experiences of hope and how hope can be fostered in others. Across disciplines, hope is consistently linked with positive outcomes. However, there is often little understanding as to how

to work with hope directly. This workshop will provide attendees with a theoretical framework for hope, and transferable strategies for working with hope in a variety of work settings. This workshop is open to those who want to learn more about hope and its temporal components. Those in helping professions, such as psychology, social work, education, or healthcare, may find exercises and strategies readily transferable to their work settings.

Workshop

Venue 02 Meeting room 01 The Time Perspective as a Powerful Tool in Talent Management Beáta Holá Béata Holá Coaching, Czech Republic hola.beata@gmail.com Website LinkedIn The definitions of talent management differ a lot. Though, behind every talent programme, there are always individuals searching for their unique ways how to be more useful, successful and happy in both professional and private life. Highly individual stories, dreams and goals. Yet most of the high potentials have some issues in common. At least that was the case in the companies where I designed and delivered

the talent and development solutions. Most of the talented employees struggle solving conflicts at workplace, handling stress and preventing burnout. And searching for balance in time. The managers and training specialist in the companies might not call it this way. When describing their needs, they usually want their people to have better time management skills. Then, after having attended a time perspective workshop 123

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most of the participants realize that understanding and balancing their time is a crucial thing that goes much deeper than the Paret rule or most of the instant time management tips. In a shortened version of such time perspective workshop, we will deal with time in a more holistic way. Starting from the extract of most popular time management tips, learning to understand their limited effect, to switching to the time perspective theory, filling in the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, understanding our individual time perspective disbalances and search-

ing for ways how to change it. During the workshop, we will drawing inspiration from a board game designed to help people improve their time perspective. (Perspectacular). At the end, each participant will leave with an inspiration board comprising everyday activities he/she intends to try in order to lead a more balanced, happy, healthy and successful life. At the end of the workshop, examples of talent programme participants who worked on balancing their time perspective will be presented and discussed.

Workshop

Venue 06 Spejlsal (mirror room) Half a Minute Rita Sebestyen, Rasmus Cortzen Copenhagen International School of Performing Arts Website otherness project Website rita.julia.sebestyen@gmail.com Depending on what we are doing and how we are doing it, half a minute can be perceived infinitely long or just a second. Moreover, listening to the same music, or doing the same movement, we experience time individually, in very different, subjective ways. With the help of theatrical tools we will measure on our own, unique ways time: through words, talks, gestures, movements

Thursday, August 18

16:30 - 18:30 Cinemateket Movie screening + debate: Into Eternity Michael Madsen, Patrick van der Duin, Tarjei Haaland, Marie-Louise Holst, Yaacov Trope

”A kind of time travel, where we will catapult the audience into a future that lies beyond our own time and civilisation. And from that place, we will then look back on the present.”

poses the raw nature of Finland, the underground futurism, Kraftwerk’s ‘Radioactivity’ and ethical-philosophical considerations one doesn’t think about every day. Organised by: Michael Madsen will introduce the movie and after the screening, there will be a debate with futurist Patrick van der Duin, climate and energy expert Tarjei Haaland, psychologist Yaacov Trope and architect Marie-Louise Holst. Organised in collaboration with the International Time Perspective Network and Creative Time Studio.

This is what director Michael Madsen says about ‘Into Eternity’, which starts in misty caves in Finland. The place is called Onkalo – the world’s first permanent depot, that is supposed to house the present’s highly radioactive waste. The depot is set to exist for 100,000 years – that’s how long the decomposition process takes. But can one guarantee anything so far in the future? Which scenarios need to be incorporated? Michael Madsen elegantly counter

Michael Madsen, 2009 / eng. subtitles / 115 min. incl. introduction and debate

and interactions. We will have our individual, yet collective opportunity to experience half a minute in various ways. Besides the body-mind- soul experience of the practical part of the workshop, we will talk and share thoughts about two paradoxical aspects of time in theatre: the (im)possibility of repetition, and the sacred repetition of the ritual.

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Friday, August 19

each other to construct our identities. This talk is an attempt of our sharing time perspective in a community of research on

August 19

Taking Time Across Ages and Cultures 9:00 - 9:40 Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Integrating past, present and future in an individual and community Toshiaki Shirai shirai@cc.osaka-kyoiku.ac.jp

time perspective to construct our sense of identity as researchers of time perspectives all over the world.

9:40 - 9:50 Venue 05 Store sal (big room) Open mic 9:50 - 11:10

Parallel sessions Symposium

Venue 05 Store sal (big room)

A professor at Osaka Kyoiku University, Japan. He is conducting a longitudinal study for more than twenty years to explore the dynamics between identity and time perspective from adolescence to middle ages. Keynote Lecture: Integrating past, present and future in an individual and community Time perspective refers to the integration of the past, present, and future in an individual’s psychological life space (Lens, Herrera, & Lacante, 2004). One of the most inmportant theories is the Future Time Perspective (FTP) theory (Lens, 1986; Lens, Paixão, Herrera, & Grobler, 2012; Nuttin & Lens, 1985), which defines the concept of FTP as a cognitive-motivational construct. By setting goals in the near or more distant future, human beings develop individual FTPs. Individual differences in the content and extension of FTP have motivational consequences. As the theory has been argued mainly in the educational settings in western context, we

are strengthening the body of the theory in application into the field of developmental research, based on the longitudinal study, expanding the perspective of the theory towards the past and considering the sharing of time perspectives in a family and community. These trends are based on the accumulation of studies of time perspective in Japan. I would like to talk about the core of the concept of time perspective – what we have done – and an idea about a future of study – what we will do –. An individual integrates the past, present and future to construct a sense of continuity. A family and/or a community share time perspective to construct the history. The dual process interacts with 126

Cross-Cultural Considerations for Time Attitudes: Perspectives from the United States, Germany, and Japan Chairs: Yuta Chishima, Ryo Ishii, Zena R. Mello Presenters: Yuta Chishima, Ryo Ishii, Zena R. Mello, Frank C. Worrell, Svenja Konowalczyk Discussant: Tomoyuki Shirai University of Tsukuba, Japan chishimay@gmail.com Using an international perspective, we will both report on extant results with time attitudes and describe directions for additional research with adolescents in Cross-Cultural Considerations for Time Attitudes: Perspectives from the United States, Germany, and Japan. Presenters of this symposium reflect research from several countries including those listed above. Our symposium includes oral research presentations and an experiential session. In this session, the

audience will complete the Adolescent Time Inventory (ATI) that includes several distinct sections: time attitudes, time meaning, time frequency, time orientation, and time relation. After the audience finds the results of their questionnaire, we will have an open conversation with the audience about the ATI and will discuss general patterns that have been observed with adolescent samples.

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Symposium

Symposium / Debate

The Role of Time Perspective and Mindfulness on Life Satisfaction: A Cross-Cultural Study Authors: Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa, Anna Muro, Albert Feliu-Soler, Yuta Chishima, Konrad S. Jankowski, Michael Todd Allen, Richard Servatius, Presenters: Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa, Jonte Vowinckel, Anna Sircova Discussant: Olga Klamut Mindfulness Practice / Dynamic Presenter: Natalie Odisho

Imagining the future in a new country versus living it – when future becomes present and past Elisabeth Schilling, Tianna Loose, Seda and Seyda Ozcetin, Inanna Riccardi, Anna Sircova

Venue 06 Spejlsal (mirror room)

Yale University School of Medicine, United States lening.olivera@gmail.com This symposium is the first attempt to analyze the role of TP and mindfulness on LS across continents. In summary, this symposium aims to solve the scientific problem about whether or not the role of TP and mindfulness on LS transcends continental barriers.

mindfulness-based therapeutic interventions aimed to help balance dysfunctional Time Perspective tendencies, as well as increase life satisfaction, since mindfulness promotes well-being and overall mental health. Finally, this symposium will present an engaging live practical dynamic involving the provision of meditation mats to audience members willing to participate in a group mindfulness practice, aimed at promoting Balanced Time Perspective, mindfulness and life satisfaction. A focused discussion on refugee relief, with the opportunity for lasting global impact, will follow.

Through this symposium we will discuss the influence that Time Perspective and mindfulness have on the life satisfaction of individuals from diverse countries and continents of the world. Moreover, this symposium will also discuss Time Perspective and

Venue 04 Lille sal (small room)

Elisabeth Schilling Sociology, FHöV NRW elisabeth.schilling@googlemail.com University of Nantes, France & Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL) tianna.loose@etu.univ-nantes.fr LinkedIn Seda & Seyda… Hamide Design Studio, Denmark Website Inanna Riccardi Immigration Museum, Denmark inanna.riccardi@gmail.com Anna Sircova Time Perspective Network, Denmark anna.sircova@gmail.com In this session we discuss different issues that arise when people move to a new country. What are the hopes and fears, what are hidden challenges that suddenly arise, how to deal with culture shock, how to unlock one’s true potential in the new place. Some will present their personal stories, some – personal stories of others. We will

look into the process of immigration and integration through the lens of time perspective, but not only. We have diverse backgrounds and none of us is currently living in a country we originally came from. We are psychologists, sociologist, ethnographer and graphic designers.

11:10 - 11:30 Coffee break

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11:30 - 13:00

13:45 - 15:00 Venue 01 Multisalen

Open Data Lab

Venue 04 Lille sal (small room) “A hard nut to crack: ZTPI across 33 countries” by Evgeny Osin, Anna Sircova National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia alien.existence@gmail.com The crosscultural research project of time perspective was launched in 2008. People from more than 20 countries have pooled in their national data involving national adaptations of the ZTPI with the aim of establishing the equivalence of the instrument and exploring the cultural universals and variations of time perspective. The project was successful partly we did manage to establish the equivalence of the measure, but at a cost of significantly reducing the original scale (Sircova et al., 2014): http://sgo.sagepub.com/content/4/1/2158244013515686.

In 2012 we made additional call for new data submissions to the project, thus expanding the current pool to 33 countries. However, with the new data available we encountered different challenges while analyzing the data. Thus the aim of this open data lab is to actually sit down, look at what has been done already in terms of analysis, what else can be done and draft the results for a paper, reporting the results of this project. We invite both specialists in cross-cultural data analyses and those who want to learn how to do it. Bring your own laptop.

13:00 - 13:45 Venue 01 Multisalen Lunch

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Temporalities as behavior determinants From balanced time perspective to balanced time use: Explaining the links between time perspective and well-being Ilona Boniwell, Evgeny Osin Ilona Boniwell Positran, Paris, France) i.boniwell@positran.fr Evgeny Osin National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia Existing studies have found that balanced time perspective is associated with higher well-being, compared to the other time perspective profiles, but the mechanisms behind this link have not been studied well yet. We propose a multidimensional construct, balanced time use, to explain this association. Drawing on the findings of a qualitative interview study focused on satisfaction with time use, we have developed a new instrument, Balanced Time Use Inventory (BTUI), which was validated in the course of two quantitative studies. In Study 1 (N = 173), we used confirmatory factor analysis to establish the structure of the BTUI with 4 dimensions, Self-Congruent Time Use, Balance of Activities, Control over Time, and Efficient Time Use. The scales were reliable and formed a single second-order dimension. Predictable moderate associations of BTUI scales with life satisfaction, affect balance, sense of coherence, and self-reported time use satisfaction supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the new instrument. In Study 2 (N = 297), we confirmed the

4-scale structure of the BTUI, as well as reliability of the 4 scales (α = .80-.84) and that of the second-order dimension (α = .94). We also explored the associations of the BTUI with time perspective, time management, and subjective well-being. Balanced time use fully mediated the effects of future time perspective and partially mediated the effects of present-hedonistic, present-fatalistic, and past-negative on subjective well-being. Time management emerged as a full mediator and a significant moderator of the effects of time perspective on balanced time use and well-being, indicating that time management practices may not be equally beneficial for people with different time perspective profiles. Overall, the findings suggest that individuals with a balanced time perspective are happier, because they use their time in a more optimal, self-congruent, and satisfying manner. The BTUI is a valid and reliable self-report instrument that can be used to assess satisfying time use in various contexts.

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The now is not a foe of the future anymore: New evidence for the validity of the present eudaimonic scale Jonte Vowinckel, Colin Capaldi, Holli-Anne Passmore Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Germany jonte.vowinckel@gmail.com In the time perspective literature, orientation toward the present is often reduced to being associated with hedonism and, hence, striving for immediate gratification while neglecting future outcomes of one’s behavior. Present hedonistic time perspective has both positive and negative implications for individual well-being (e.g., increased life satisfaction but also an increased tendency to engage in risky behaviors). Yet, we believe that hedonism is not the only possible approach toward the present and that a healthy kind of relating towards the present moment – namely, a eudaimonic one that is conceptually based on mindfulness and flow-proneness – should not have negative implications for well-being and should not be negatively linked with consideration of future consequences. Three hundred eighty-eight Canadian students completed the present eudaimonic scale (PE), the present hedonistic scale (PH), the consideration of future consequences-14 scale (CFC) and the mental health continuum short form (MHC-SF). PE positively correlated with the CFC-future subscale but did not correlate with the CFC-immediate subscale. In contrast, PH was significantly correlated to both CFC subscales: negatively to the future sub-

scale and positively to the immediate subscale. PE correlated stronger with the MHCSF than PH. In a regression analysis with PE and PH predicting MHC-SF scores, PE remained the only significant predictor. PE explained 20% of variance in MHC-SF with PH explaining no additional variance. Furthermore, we conducted a principal components analysis (PCA) with the PE items and the MHC-SF items, in order to test whether they are distinct constructs. We also conducted another study with Dutch students (N = 131) that allowed us to run additional PCAs with the PE items and the items from the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and the Swedish Flow Proneness Questionnaire. Across the PCAs, all PE items loaded strongest on the PE component with only weak cross-loadings. The results provide new evidence for PE’s construct validity and indicate that the PE construct is distinct from the constructs of mental health, mindfulness, and flow-proneness. We conclude that present time perspective is crucial for mental well-being and is not the opposite pole of a future time perspective. Rather, a healthy present orientation may be positively linked to consideration of future consequences.

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Future Time Perspective as a motivator: Meta-analyses in the Domains of Education, Work and Health Lucija Andre, Annelies E.M. van Vianen, Thea Peetsma University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands l.andre@uva.nl LinkedIn The human capacity of contemplating about the future is a premise of human motivation and behavior in everyday life. Future Time Perspective (FTP; Peetsma, 1992; Zimbardo, & Boyd, 1999) is a promising construct for predicting individual attitudes and behaviors in the crucial life domains of education, work and health. However, the proliferation of FTP research has led to diversity of FTP definitions, conceptualizations and outcome types causing difficulty to systematically generalize the findings. Also, FTP research lacks interdisciplinary integration and little is known about the factors that may moderate the FTP effects. We conducted a first meta-analysis in the educational, work, and health domain by: (1) measuring the overall effect of the relationships between FTP and educational, work, and health outcomes; (2)

testing FTP construct type and measure as moderators; (3) exploring if the relationships are generalizable across cultures; and (4) investigating the FTP-outcomes relationships based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. In total, 77 studies (k = 28 in education; k =17 in work, and k = 32 in health domain) from 1984 to 2014 were analyzed with the CMA3 software. To distil constructs and measures into a parsimonious model of FTP as a motivator we developed a conceptual model for grouping the FTP constructs. We revealed that the FTP effects hold across the life domains by finding small to medium FTP relationships with educational, work and health outcomes. Also, we found that the effect sizes depend on the FTP construct and measure type, age, gender, and culture.

ADHD and Time Perception Simon Weissenberger Charles University First Medical Faculty, Czech Republic sweissenberger11@gmail.com ADHD is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder which presents itself with various notable behavioral patterns. There are three subtypes of ADHD; the predominantly inattentive variety, the hyperactive impulsive and the combined. Adult ADHD has only been officially recognized as of recent in the DSM V, opening the door to a whole new body of research on the topic. A great deal of ADHD lifestyles and comorbidities tend

to have a negative influence on individuals’ quality of life and can create a social burden. A better understanding of this syndrome in adulthood can lead to various therapeutical approaches and help to improve life in the ADHD population. Our research is based on a theoretical conceptual framework of ADHD comorbidities and Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory. Based on our research we conclude that within the frame133

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work of ZTPI there is a palpable and direct relationship between ADHD subtype hyperactive impulsive and the Present Hedonistic perspective from ZTPI. We are testing this hypothesis as well as connecting it to a leading edge study on endogenous morphine

levels in those afflicted with ADHD. Our goal is to further understand ADHD, further implement the ZTPI in the clinical setting and combine time perspective in classical CBT style therapy.

Discover Aetas, a mind balancing app Phil Zimbardo, Rosemary Sword

Stanford University, United States drzimbardo@gmail.com

www.discoveraetas.com

15:00 - 16:00 Venue 01 Multisalen Closing ceremony Anna Sircova

Friday, August 19

17:30 - 20:20 Cinemateket 18:30 - 21:20 Cinemateket

Movie screening And debate The Stanford Prison Experiment Philip G. Zimbardo

Stanford University, United States drzimbardo@gmail.com Can normal functioning people develop psychopathic traits? Is lust for power an inherent trait in all of us? And can the human’s herd mentality create perfidious monsters in even the most law-abiding citizens? ‘The Stanford Prison Experiment’ examines these complex issues. In this tense psychological prison drama, a group of male students is divided into prisoner and jailer respectively – by a heads/tails game. But could a parallel world require a different behaviour? And if so, which? The movie is fiction, but based on a true

social-psychological experiment, which was executed by a group of American scientists in 1971. Meet Philip Zimbardo – the man behind the social-psychological experiment – introducing ‘The Stanford Prison Experiment’, which takes origin in his own experiment from 1971. The screening is followed by a Q&A session. The event is created in collaboration with CPH PIX and the International Time Perspective Network. Kyle Patrick Alvarez, 2015 / eng. speech / 162 min. incl. introduction and debate

anna.sircova@gmail.com We will wrap-up our conference and festival about time. We will acknowledge the best presentations during the event with the watches from our partner - Obaku. We will

recap the most memorable events of the program and we will laugh again together with The Show Apple.

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Time Perspective Network Association’s Documents

Pedro Cordeiro and published by Coimbra University.

the Network: Time Talks launch various cross-disciplinary research and applied projects

4. Consideration and confirmation of the draft statutes

Time Perspective Network Minutes of Foundational Meeting

Monday, 18th of January 2016, 14:30 Meeting held at Frivilligcenter SR-Bistand Tagensvej 70, 1, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark Present at the meeting: Anna Sircova Nicolas Fieulaine by proxy, power of attorney attached (Appendix 1) Elena Kolosova Julien Daniel Elisenda Juanola Lisbeth Brandt Summary of decisions

the development of the Association, referring in particular to meetings held in Berlin (2008), Oslo (2009) and Brno (2010), where the idea of the 1st International Conference on Time Perspective was proposed by Victor Ornuno to be held in 2012 in Coimbra, Portugal. The 2nd International Conference on Time Perspective then was held in 2014 in Warsaw, Poland.

1. Appointment of an independent conductor for the foundational meeting Lisbeth Brandt was appointed, by general consent, to be the independent conductor of the meeting. 2. Appointment of a member to record the minutes of the meeting

6. Proposal for the budget and membership fees

The draft statutes (Articles of the Association) were prepared by the working committee consisting of Anna Sircova, Nicolas Fieulaine, Elena Kolosova and Elisenda Juanita and were considered in detail, various minor alterations were made, and the resultant text was put to the vote and approved by by general consent. The full text, as revised at the meeting, is given in Appendix 2.

The Executive Board will discuss the budget at the relevant meeting. Membership fee was proposed to be 150 DKK per year. 7. Election of the Executive Board The following members were elected into the Executive Board: Anna Sircova, Nicolas Fieulaine, Elena Kolosova and Julien Daniel.

5. Proposal for the future activities The future activities of the Association will be: organization of the Celebrating Time: 3rd International Conference on Time Perspective, 15-19 August, 2016, Copenhagen, Denmark organizing “Temporal Matters Salon” in collaboration with Creative Roots: Collective Urbanism - to be held once a month, third Wednesday, between January and May 2016 continue working on the online journal of

8. Election of the revisor The revisor was not appointed at this meeting. 9. Miscellaneous It was decided to hold the first meeting of the Executive Board on January 18th, 2016, at 15.30, at Frivilligcenter SR-Bistand, Tagensvej 70, 1, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.

The followers of the time perspective theory had also conducted several collaborative research projects, such as: “Cross-cultural research project on time perspective”, which resulted in several publications. Two books were developed and published: a review on TP theory, research and applications edited by Maciej Stolarski, Nicolas Fieulaine and Wessel van Beek and published by Springer; e-book with selection of studies presented in Coimbra, edited by Victor Ortuno and

Anna Sircova was appointed, by general consent, to record the minutes of the meeting. 3. Introduction and background information about the Time Perspective Network Anna Sircova introduced the meeting with a brief account of various earlier steps in 136

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Power of Attorney I hereby appoint Anna Sircova, independent researcher and lecturer at the Danish Institute of Studies Abroad, as my attorney being authorized to represent me in line with the following powers, to vote, to make proposals and sign any necessary documents at the extraordinary general assembly meeting of Time Perspective Network Association to be held at Copenhagen on 18th of January 2016. About all the subjects in the Agenda of the General Assembly, attorney is authorized to vote in his/her own discretion. For all due intents and purposes, 01-12-16 Nicolas Fieulaine Associate Professor, University of Lyon

Time Perspective Network Articles of Association

3.3. Complimentary memberships can be offered both to Ordinary Members and Associate Members as deemed appropriate by the Executive Board, and voted upon by the general membership.

1. Name and date of commencement 1.1. The association shall be called TIME PERSPECTIVE NETWORK and shall be constituted from 18.01.2016 (hereinafter referred to as the Association).

4. Management 4.1. The Time Perspective Network shall be administered by the Executive Board of not less than three (3) people and not more than five (5) members elected at the group’s Annual General Assembly.

1.2. The hometown of the association is Copenhagen, Denmark. 2. Aims and Objectives 2.1. The Association is a non-profit making organization whose overall aim is to explore the concept of time.

4.2. The officers of the Executive Board shall be:

2.2. The Association’s main objectives shall be to conduct relevant research; share information; organize conferences, workshops, festivals, summer / winter schools, etc., educate and encourage newcomers to join and participate in the Association; provide social activities for members; further the art, science, and enjoyment of the subject matter.

The Chairperson The Treasurer The Secretary

2.3. The activities of the Association shall be held and maintained in the spirit of these purposes.

4.3. The Executive Board shall meet as often as required to make and execute such decisions as are necessary in implementing the aims and objectives of the Association. The meetings can take place both face to face and online. The Executive Board shall report all its activities to the Annual General Assembly and shall account to the Annual General Assembly in accordance with article 6.3.

nd such other officers the group shall deem a necessary at the meeting. The Executive Board shall comprise Ordinary Members of the Association only.

3. Membership 3.1. Ordinary Membership shall be open to anyone interested in furthering the aims and objectives of the Association. Subject to payment of annual subscriptions, as determined by the Executive Board and approved at each Annual General Assembly. Nicolas FIEULAINE – Maître de conférences en Psychologie Sociale

Université Lumière-Lyon2 – Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie Sociale (EA 4163) 5, avenue Pierre Mendès-France – 69 500 Bon cedex France Phone : +33 478 772 619 - Email : Nicolas.Fieulaine@univ-Lyon2.fr Web : http://recherche.univ-lyon2.fr/greps/ - http://fieulaine.socialpsychology.org/

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5. Rules of Procedure at Meetings 5.1. Annual General Assembly 5.1.1. General meetings of the Association shall be held annually no later than 1 of March. 5.1.2. Approve the minutes of the previous year’s AGA 5.1.3. Receive reports from the Chairman and the Secretary

3.2. Associate Membership shall be open to other organizations, such as local businesses. Associate Membership entitles the bearer to participate in all activities and general assemblies of the Association, but excludes voting rights. 139

5.1.4. Receive a report from the Treasurer and approve the annual accounts 5.1.5. Elect the Executive Board 5.1.6. Elect the auditor 5.1.7. Consider changes to the Articles 5.1.8. Deal with the relevant issues

5.4.3. The Chairman as well as his/her vote shall have a casting vote in cases of equality. 5.5. Quora: The quorum at General Meetings shall be the presence, or presentation by proxy, or participation online, of at least one fifth of all Ordinary Members of the

by majority vote at the Annual General Assembly. 6.2. All money raised on behalf of the Association shall be placed in a reputable bank. 6.3. The Treasurer will be responsible for collecting membership fees and pay the bills approved by the Executive Board. The Treasurer shall keep accounts of all revenue and expenditure in such a form that the Associationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s current economy can always be read. The treasurer prepares the associationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s accounts. 6.4. The accounts shall be audited by an auditor elected from the members outside the Executive Board at the Annual General Assembly. 6.5. The financial year follows the calendar year (1. Jan - 31. Dec.).

7. By-laws 7.1. The Executive Board shall have the power to publish and enforce such by-laws as the Ordinary Membership feels necessary to govern the activities of the Association. 8. Dissolution 8.1. The Association may be dissolved if twothirds or more of the Ordinary Members so desire, by giving three months notice in writing to the Chairman of the Association. In this event the liabilities of the Association shall be discharged and the residuary assets distributed to a recognized charitable body. Signed

Time Perspective Network Meeting of the Executive Board

5.2. Extraordinary General Meetings: An Extraordinary General Meeting shall be called by an application in writing to the Secretary supported by at least two-thirds of the Association membership. The Executive Board shall also have the power to call an Extraordinary General Meeting by decision of a simple majority of its members.

Monday, 18th of January 2016, 15:30 Meeting held at Frivilligcenter SR-Bistand Tagensvej 70, 1 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark

Association. For Executive Board meetings the quorum shall be two. 5.6. Changes to the Articles 5.6.1. Any changes to the Articles shall require a two-thirds majority of all those present and eligible to vote at a General Meeting. 5.6.2. Notice shall be given to all voting members of any General Meeting as specified in section 5.3. and then any proposal to change the Articles shall be submitted in writing to the Secretary at least seven days prior to the meeting. 5.6.3. All proposals for changes to the Articles shall be signed by two members eligible to vote at a General Meeting.

5.3. Notices: At least fifteen days notice shall be given to all members of any General Meeting. 5.4. Voting 5.4.1. Excluding Associate Members, each member shall have one vote, which may be given in person or by proxy appointed in writing. 5.4.2. With the exception of changes to the Articles, decisions put to the vote shall be resolved by a simple majority of the Ordinary Members at General Meetings.

6. Finance 6.1. Members shall pay an annual subscription to the Association by the 15th of January each year. The amount will be decided 140

Present at the meeting: Anna Sircova Nicolas Fieulaine by proxy, power of attorney attached, Appendix 1 Elena Kolosova Julien Daniel Summary of decisions

4. Secretary - Julien Daniel

During the meeting it was decided that : 1. The Executive Board consists of 1. Chair - Anna Sircova 2. Vice-chair - Nicolas Fieulaine 3. Treasurer - Elena Kolosova

2. The Executive Board grants the right of signature to the Chair of the Executive Board. 3. The membership fee is 150 DKK per year.

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Agenda for Copenhagen Meeting

Proposed Projects

Time Perspective Network

Public Administration and the Diversity of Futures

Wednesday, 17th of August, 2016, 11:50 Multisalen, Nørrebrohallen Nørrebrogade 208 2200 Copenhagen N

Elisabeth Schilling University of Applied Administrative Studies NRW Germany, everybody from everywhere is welcome

Copenhagen meeting

Agenda

1. Invitation to become a member 2. Possibilities to join the Board: a. Additional position b. Status of the leading committee c. Skills we need, support we hope to receive 3. 4th TP Conference - France, 2018? 4. Proposals for 5th TP Conference a. St. Petersburg, Russia - Olga Strizhitskaya 5. Main directions for the Association for the next 2 years: a. Networking activity - brief presentations

of the proposed projects - forming of the active working groups b. Current projects and activities - international: b.i. Refugees Referral service b.ii. Case from French Railways b.iii. Time Talks online journal b.iv. TP Digest c. Current projects - Copenhagen, Denmark: c.i. Golden Days c.ii. Immigrant Art festival 6. Miscellaneous

Outcome

The following directions were proposed and the following people are taking the lead in developing them:

Organizing online seminars and courses: Nicolas Fieulaine & Tianna Loose Collecting and sharing measures of TP : Lisa Murphy, Alejandro Vasquez, Huchao Lyu, Lucija Andre, Botsan Bajec, Yuto Christina, Zena Mello

Designing a forum: - to share and discuss papers : Houchao Lyu & Maciej Stolarski - to invite for new projects/ideas: Elisabeth Schilling, Ludwig Levasseur, Franscesca Rossi & Evgeny Osin

Creating and structuring topic groups : Lika Mikeldaze, Elisabeth Schilling, Bostan Bajec, Tim Nestik, Antanas Kairis, Mouiba Bache, Olga Klamut, Tianna Loose, Toshiaki Shirai, Zena Mello, Evgeny Osin

Exploring existing platforms and choose which is the best for our network : Antanas Kairis; Olga Klamut, Tianna Loose, Franscesca Rossi

Organizing real-life meeting : Lisa Murphy, Elisabeth Schilling, Simon Wessenberger, Lika Mikeldaze, Antanas Kairis, Nicolas Fieulaine 142

This project aims to show subjective time concepts as a part of the cultural capital, which influences the individual’s chances, biographies and the feelings of belonging. The paper questions how different organizations of German public administration (could) encounter different future concepts of migrants from different countries and cultural settings. These subjective future concepts are highly important for the further biographical venue of the migrants and could become a barriere or a promoter for their integration.

and changes. Asking in narrative interviews about the time issues allows to access both: complex sense structures of the individual Lebenswelt and the interpersonal, transferable structures of time use. Furthermore speaking with the respondent about time alleviates the access to delicate or painful issues and helps to verbalize implicit or unclear contexts. In our case studies we saw different approaches of the public administration to encounter diverse time perspectives. There are manyfold efforts and projects to open the structures and to enable a higher diversity within the public administration and in the fields, which are administrated by the public administration. It must be stated that a permanent hard reflexive work is needed in order to open e.g. the field of education, the closing mechanisms are resistent and cause negative effects not only for migrants, but also for the administration itself.

Currently there are many different migrant groups in Europe, the existing diversity could be described with the terms of time and time perspectives. This description might be less discriminative and more neutral, which could help to create educational and integrational programs for the newcomers and promote equality of different cultural origins and diversity of the life styles. Methods: Theoretically this paper leans on the concept of time-collage describing the diversity of time approaches and possibilities to learn a transcultural time approach.

you’d like to present it in more detail during the event in Copenhagen, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional)

It proposes to conceptualize time as an informative frame for social movements

research + its applications

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A comparison of the effectiveness of therapies reducing hostile attributions

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and time perception

Anna Zajenkowska, Poland Maria Grzegorzewska University Research project objectives

Giovanna Mioni Department of General Psychology, Padova ITALY (principal investigator)

The aim of the planned study is to examine the changes in making hostile attributions as an indicator of the effectiveness of different forms of treatment of people with borderline personality disorders. In Social Information Processing (SIP) the encoding phase and interpretation of cues phase are very important in the case of hostile attributions and the impact on how an individual perceives the actions from the outside (as either provoking or not, especially in the case of ambiguous situations). In general, high-anger individuals have a tendency of hostile attributions and they encode information in a different way than low-anger individuals, because they fixate on non-hostile, rather than hostile cues for a longer period of time but do not integrate them into the assessment of particular situations. When it comes to the interpretation of cues phase among borderline personality disordered people, a high level of arousal caused by for example stress factors determines a switch from cortical to subcortical systems (and the “switch level” is lower than among mentally healthy individuals) therefore blocking the ability to “mentalize”, that is to consider the intentions of oneself and others as well as situational cues.

and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) therapy and its effectiveness in decreasing hostile attributions. Research methodology The study will be experimental with three groups (SSRI treatment, MBT therapy and control). This design would consist of one within-subject variable (hostile attributions), with two levels (pre and post), and one between-subjects variable (therapy), with two levels (SSRI and MBT). BPD will be treated as a moderator. Additionally experience, expression, control of anger as well as sensitivity to provocations levels will be controlled. The study will also explore the spectrum of cortical activation before and after MBT or SSRI treatments (fMRI) as well as the gaze patterns (eye-tracer) before and after the treatment. Research project impact The project proposes a clear indicator of therapeutics treatment, namely hostile attributions and different ways of assessing the effectiveness of MBT and SSRI therapies aiming to reduce hostile attributions. Also there are not many experimental studies conducted among inmates. Defining factors that decrease the possibility of aggressive acts and therefore diminish the recidivism level in this group are crucial in social sciences.

The hostile attributional style increases the possibility of aggressive acts and is more typical for forensic than non-forensic samples. A current study is planned among inmates, where additionally personality disorders are estimated at 60-80% of the total population. The investigation will address the Mentalization Based Treatment (MBT)

you would like to find partners for it (new / additional) basic research 144

Simon Grondin Université Laval, Québec, Canada (co-author); Franca Stablum Department of General Psychology, Padova Italy (co-author) This project is formed by four points and it intends to investigate time perception in healthy adults and traumatic brain injury patients (TBI) using a variety of methodologies and temporal intervals (in the range of milliseconds and seconds). In view of the vast number of temporal tasks used to study time perception, the project’s first aim is to evaluate if timing methods are all equivalent or if different tasks highlight different temporal aspects. A second goal is to investigate the processing of different durations: specific processes are expected to elaborate intervals in the millisecond and second ranges. Temporal processing of short intervals are frequently linked to motor control and automatic processes, whereas processing of longer intervals also involves other cognitive resources (i.e. attention and working memory) and are associated to cognitive controlled processing. Previous studies have suggested that prefrontal regions (i.e., the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, DLPFC) are more involved in processing long intervals, while the cerebellum in processing both short and long intervals. These results suggest that the cerebellum is more involved in hypothetical internal clock mechanisms, while frontal areas mediate time perception via cognitive functions, such as attention and working memory. The third aim is to investigate time perception

in TBI patients who have been selected given the cognitive impairment associated to prefrontal lesions. Studies on TBI patients could further reveal the significance of frontal lesions on temporal perception. In particular, we hypothesize that TBI patients will demonstrate greater temporal dysfunction with regard to longer intervals when temporal processing involves frontally mediated cognitive process (i.e. attention and working memory) but they will perform in a similar way as controls when short intervals are tested. This is consistent with the theory that prefrontal areas mediate time perception through additional cognitive functions which intervene when long intervals are being processed. The fourth aim is to investigate which brain structures are involved in temporal processing at the internal clock stage or memory stage. Consistent with the notion that prefrontal areas (in particular DLPFC) and the cerebellum are involved differently in temporal processing, the project will mainly focus on these brain areas. Healthy university students will undergo transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive technique suitable to measure the involvement of different brain areas in temporal processing. We hypothesize that there is temporal impairment in brief and long intervals when the cerebellum is stimulated; when the frontal areas 145

are stimulated impairment will be observed mainly with regard to longer intervals.

the event in Copenhagen, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional)

development of already established idea, you’d like to present it in more detail during

research + its applications

The influence of emotional facial expressions on time perception in patients with Parkinson’s disease Giovanna Mioni Department of General Psychology, Padova, Italy (principal Investigator), Franca Stablum Department of Genral Psychology Italy (co-author) Lucia Meligrana Hospital s. Bartolomeo, Vicenza, Italy (co-author responsible for the clinical aspects) Simon Grondin UniversitéLaval, Québec, Canada (co-author) Previous studies have demonstrated that the presentation of facial emotional expressions alter temporal judgments. The facial expressions of anger, fear, happiness and sadness lead to an over-estimation of time, but facial expressions of shame lead to an underestimation of time. Studies conducted with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients suggested a dysfunction in the recognition of emotional facial expressions as well as a temporal dysfunction. No previous studies have been conducted to link time perception and emotional facial recognition in PD patients. It is crucial to investigate the relationship between these two systems and to investigate if PD patients present the same temporal distortion produced by emotional stimuli as that observed in healthy controls. This can have important implication from an experimental and clinical prospective. In fact, we can better understand temporal

and emotional processing in PD patients and further highlight the effect of emotional stimuli on time perception. Moreover, we can plan rehabilitation programs on time perception and facial emotion recognition taking into account their reciprocal effects. If PD patients present a dysfunction in recognising emotional stimuli we should not expect any emotional effect on time perception or different effect compared to controls. On the other hand, if emotional stimuli are correctly identified by PD patients we should observe a variation in temporal judgment similar to the one observed in healthy controls. The present project is conducted to investigate the magnitude of temporal distortions caused by the presentation of facial expression of emotions in PD patients and controls. Three studies are planned. Partic146

ipants will be tested with a time bisection task with standard intervals lasting 400 ms (standard short) and 1600 ms (standard long) presented 10 times during the learning phase. During the experimental phase participants will be instructed to judge the comparison intervals and to estimate if each temporal interval is more similar in duration to the standard short or standard long. The comparison stimuli are emotional stimuli and varied accordingly to the experimental setting: Experiment 1 with emotional stimuli of anger, shame, happiness and sadness; Experiment 2 with emotional stimuli of happiness and disgust as well as with images of liked and disliked food and Experiment 3 with emotional stimuli of happiness, sadness and anger presented by older adult characters. The experimental setting in-

cludes also a simple reaction time task to control for motor impairment and a finger tapping task to investigate spontaneous tempo. A recognition task will be included to test participants’ facial recognition ability. A neuropsychological evaluation is also included and. PD patients will be divided into two sub-group based on the presence/absence of mild cognitive impairment. Moreover, PD patients will be tested “on” and “off” medication. development of already established idea, you’d like to present it in more detail during the event in Copenhagen, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional) research + its applications

Positive Ageing: Don’t die before your time Jennifer Bruder (Denmark), Anna Sircova (Denmark) ... tba There are many inspirations for the conceptualization of this multi-faceted project on positive ageing. One inspiration is witnessing how people cognitively skew their perception of their own age... for example, how the belief that one is “old” (for example, once you reach a certain subjective age), can truly lead to physical and cognitive decline, be it through lack of or discontinuing “youthful” activities, a “doomsday” cognition, or a dialogue in one’s head about the end and life’s regrets. Truly, many people who see their days numbered, die before their time is up. But even if there is less time left for living, there is still time: no one should die before their time. Thus, the major aims of the proposed project are to understand: How does the per-

ception of time interact with our cognitive and physical well-being?; And, How can knowledge of time perception be used to help and empower ageing people to believe and live life to it’s fullest until the very last breath? The project has the following focus points: 1) research further into the cognitive factors related to time perception that positively and detrimentally effect positive ageing; 2) offer Time Perspective Therapy (TPT, http:// www.timeperspectivetherapy.org/) to ageing individuals to explore its effectiveness in improving cognition around ageing and life quality; 3) think about time perception and design of living spaces for elderly ; 4) establish links between technology and time 147

perception issues in the elderly and design technology specifically for this population. development of already established idea, completely new idea, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional), potentially

present the idea (not sure to what degree I will be ready for that, but very willing to talk about it)

Time perspective and narrative dimension in educational guidance

applied research, therapy (life quality improvement), technology innovation

Massimo Margottini Associate Professor at Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy

ADHD and present hedonism: time perspective as an assessment tool Simon Weissenberger First Medical Faculty, Prague Czech Republic. Radek Ptacek First Medical Faculty, Prague Czech Republic. Martina Klicperova-Baker Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague Czech Republic. Philip Zimbardo Stanford University. California United States. Katerina Schonova First Medical Faculty, Prague Czech Republic. A very brief point on the project which is based on a recent article collaboration with Philip Zimbardo on testing the hypothesis stated in the article.

ADHD and psychological time perspective b. specifically, there is a relationship between ADHD and Present Hedonism dimension of ZTPI 3 to propose clinical applications of the ADHD - ZTPI relationship a. diagnostics: ADHD-proneness will be assessed on the basis of ZTPI questionnaire b. therapy: a therapeutic paradigm will be suggested in which overcoming of Present-Hedonistic time perspective bias should reduce symptoms of ADHD

The substance of the project is in our hypothesis of a significant relationship between ADHD symptoms and time perspective imbalance toward present hedonism. The project also elaborates on the clinical applications of this relationship can be utilized for clinical use, both in terms of assessment and treatment.

completely new idea, you’d like to present it in more detail during the event in Copenhagen, you already tried to apply for some funding for it, but it wasn’t successful yet

The aims of this project: 1 to draw attention to the ADHD in adults 2 to test our hypothesis which states that a. there is a significant link between the

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Concetta La Rocca Researcher at Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy Francesca Rossi PhD Student at Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy The fast changes that are crossing all ambits of human life (environment, technology, economics, politics, social relations) have induced the institutions to promote strategic guidelines to make persons able to learn in formal, informal and no-formal contexts.

(past – present – future) could to be realized through the construction of an ePortfolio (eP; Barret, 2004) developed on Mahara Platform (La Rocca, 2015). It is a tool that contains sistematic analisys obtained through the use of tools able to promote strategic skills (QSA – Questionario sulle Strategie di Apprendimento (LSQ - Learning Strategies Questionnaire), Pellerey 1996) and the acquisition of balanced time perspective (ZTPI – Time Perspective Inventory, Zimbardo 2008). The project wants to verify on field if the solicitation of a narrative practice through the construction of an eP, starting from a reflection on individual QSA and ZTPI profiles, could obtain positive results in the activation of self-assessment and self-orientation practices. For this purpose will be involved about 200 students of Department of Education (1) at Roma Tre University to which will be administered QSA and ZTPI and to which will be required the construction of a personal eP. In the “pre” and “post” treatment will be administered others questionnaires to detect the students’ opinions about experience in object.

The diachronic-formative educational guidance (Domenici, 2009) has concentrated the activities on development processes of existential perspective endowed with meaning. It has valorized the narrative dimension with which the person constructs a cultural background and a time perspective that motivate own actions (Dewey, 1938; Bruner, 1992). In this sense, the educational guidance activities have to consider the temporal component of personal experiences (Guichard, 2009; Pellerey, 2016) in learning processes as self-determination (Deci e Ryan, 1985; Heckausen, 1992) and self-regulation (Zimmerman, 2000). Consequently, the promotion of strategic skills to direct themselves to study and work has activated, through appropriated tools, a self-assessment process of levels of ability obtained during learning (Pellerey, 2006; Margottini, 2015) and the presence of a balanced time orientation (Zimbardo e Boyd, 2008).

(1) The project is included in the researches of Prof. Margottini’s General Teaching Chair, Prof. Domenici and Prof. La Rocca’s Teaching Guidance Chair and Dr. Rossi’s PhD Proj-

It is believed that also thanks to the use of ICT the narration of personal experiences 149

ect who are experimenting this self-assessment model.

you would like to find partners for it (new / additional)

development of already established idea,

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Culture Praxis: Mobile Cultural Consultation and Referral Service Tomas Jurcik, Canada Lening Olivera-Figueroa, USA G. Eric Jarvis, Canada Nicolas Fieulaine, France Anna Sircova, Denmark Maria Espinola, USA Natalie Odisho, USA The following proposal aims to solve the problem of acculturation in Northern Denmark by establishing an organization that provides community and meaningful work to refugees and/or migrants within professional local health care settings.

gual (e.g., Arabic-English), and hold a professional education in their home country, will have the opportunity to be trained to act as cultural consultants for hospital based and community clinic services. Not only will they assist with communication issues, but they will also help local clinicians understand cultural idioms of distress and develop greater capacity in treating future refugee related mental health concerns. Consultants will become positive role models within changing communities by being provided with meaningful activities and purpose.The program would require cooperation with Aalborg University Hospital, where certified healthcare professionals already work. Over the next three years, this program initiative could expand in reach and purpose. Funds will go toward covering the basic operating costs, which would involving training and overseeing the work of culture brokers, program evaluation, as well as liasing with hospital staff.

This Mobile Cultural Consultation and Referral Service for healthcare settings aims to recruit and train multilingual asylum seekers, medical and mental health care professionals with migrational background to act as cultural consultants at local clinics and hospitals, assisting in the assigning of a correct diagnosis or treatment planning when encountering cultural and linguistic barriers. We aim to build and expand the capacity of the healthcare system to better manage refugee- related health and mental health care issues through the use of such cultural brokers. New unemployed immigrants and refugees, who are bilin150

The current idea is an extension of the Cultural Consultation Service based in Montreal, Canada. The primary difference is that it is designed to include mobile outreach activities as well as a centralized referral service. Having a bank of diverse cultural consultants has the potential of solving various communication problems and may

help generate more innovative and creative solutions. development of already established idea, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional) research +it’s applications

The Wellbeing Indicator Badge (WIB) A 10 point scale of numbers badge that displays and declares your energy levels Alan Bec, UK in early stages of development The WIB helps individuals who are ill, to increase their well being by displaying and declaring there self assessed energy levels. The badge displays a 10 point scale 10 = full of energy 1 = no energy. Health professionals, family, friends and co-workers (carers) to appreciate and respond appropriately to the wearers fluctuating states of ill health

with out ask “how are you”? It allows carers to more quickly and positively relate and support the wearer. completely new idea research + its applications

Esthetic experience daily, imagination and build memory Mythologic factory, Symeon Fieulaine, France This research crosses social sciences and artistic practice public. Question that we keep an aesthetic experience that it is “natural” (landscape, time of life ...) or built (music, painting, theater ...) and how this experience marks our memory. By working with older people with Alzheimer’s, distant audiences of “high culture” include the ability of some memories to at-

tach more than others. Find, invent modes of intervention that cross the notions of experience, assimilation and change of status following an aesthetic experience. How it can it become a health practice, see wellness in a society without work. This research initiated within the framework 151

of the 3rd conference on the prospect propose a meeting time around its results in 2018 for the next conference.

completely new idea, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional) research +culture

Time perspective, mindfulness and life-satisfaction Lening Olivera-Figueroa, US Natalie Odisho, US Yuta Chishima, Japan Anna Muro, Poland We assessed the role of Time Perspective (TP) tendencies (Past Positive, Past Negative, Present Hedonistic, Present Fatalistic, and Future), Balanced Time Perspective (BTP), and mindfulness on life satisfaction (LS) across psychology undergraduate students (N = 867, M = 20.19, SD = 3.417) from four countries spanning three continents: North America (United States), Asia (Japan), and Europe (Spain and Poland).

sults suggest that mindfulness could be an aspect of TP that helps regulate cognitions about present experience and LS. In summary, the findings of this study indicate that the association of TP, mindfulness and LS intercontinentally transcends cross-cultural barriers.

The relationship between time perspective and burnout syndrome Olga Klamut Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa The basis of my project is my masters thesis, in which I have researched the relationship between burnout syndrome, based on its 3 components derived from Christina Maslachâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s theory, and time perspective. The results came out quite promising and 2 of my 3 hypothesis proved to be statistically significant. This was based on a research group of 129 individuals working mostly within corporate fields, in larger companies such as Dell, Credit Suisse, or Google. My idea is to expand this research on a multicultural scope- a comparison within coun-

tries and cultures would not only provide an interesting perspective on TP differences, but also on different peoples attitudes and approaches towards work in their lives, and most specifically- their susceptibility to burnout syndrome. development of already established idea, youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to present it in more detail during the event in Copenhagen research +culture

We are interested in individuals representing diverse countries and continents, who can collect data from participants steaming from the overall community, university students, and/or health clinics.

A regression analysis separate by continents showed that Past Negative predicted decreased LS across all continents, while Past Positive, mindfulness and BTP predicted different levels of LS at some but not all continents. However, a regression analysis including all countries together showed that decreased Past Negative, increased Past Positive, a mindful attitude and BTP were associated to higher levels of LS. These re-

development of already established idea, you have already established partners for it, you would like to find partners for it (new / additional) research + its applications

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Feedback

What are you currently working on?

Batman

Batman, can you tell us what made you come to this conference? Time has always interested me. It’s a fluid concept. It flows. It connects, and yet eventually separates. I wanted to see Zimbardo talk about it. He’s my hero – just don’t tell

Catching the Joker, as always. The Joker, in this particular case, is the role of temporality in the psychotherapeutic process. How therapists chose to switch between time zones. Why and when does he ask about mummy? When is it time to talk about the future? How to time an interpretation, or an intervention? What are the cues they react upon? When is the session slow, and when

fast? Can a session be 20 minutes - three hours, or should it be always be 50 minutes? What can the therapist do to increase balanced time perspective – should he? And most important, where are Thanatos (Death) and Eros (Sexuality) in time perspective theory? No good theory about human behavior without these two.

Idea Wall

him. Time connects evil, shyness, and heroism. And I wanted to know how he does it. I mean, keep the villains in prison.

What is your best memory of the conference? I really loved the mood. I enjoyed the mixture or arts, music, film and science. The presentations still went too fast for me though. The pace of the program was wonderful, but the speed of the talks was sometimes just too high. People feel the need to tell too much.

Because I had to run around, I wasn’t able to talk much. I am not that talkative, but the I would have loved to talk to more people about their work. And who they are. Behind the mask I mean.

How could we have made it even better? I think it would be a wonderful idea to have presenters summarize their talk in one line. And this line could become part of the story of the conference. Connect separate lines.

What did this conference teach us, tell us? Forget the details. And I would have loved more discussion, you guys should encourage that.

What have you learned about Time Perspective? One of the things is that we should spend more time examining what these terms we use really mean. We are creating an artificial reality, a theory about time and behavior, based upon linguistic statements in the ZTPI. For instance ‘I do things impulsively’ (Q8), peo-

ple differ in the understanding of the meaning. For a psychologist impulsivity has a negative connotation. For a friend of mine, who’s an actor – it means something positive. Particularly in larger cross-(sub)cultural comparison studies this become a really problem. 154

My idea/project to work on: Building up a TP intervention program (training). Techniques to change TP orinentation. If you are interested email to edinadombi@yahoo.com Edina Dombi from Hungary. Black Quantum Futurism Comprehensive study of Black American cultural time perspectives blackquantumfuturism@gmail.com -

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Can we make ZTPI available to the public in all existing languages on one website? http://beatahola.com Our idea is to desing the digital version of ”it is time for….” installation. A digital/online user generated clock based on experiencial time rather then the time measuring system we have. If you are a programmer please drop us an email: Hamide Design Studio seda@hamide.co or seyder@hamide.co

I am searching for psychologists/therapists/coaches who have been/want to work with clients helping them to balance their TP. All over Europe. I can link you with people who approach me and live too far. http://beatahola.com What about peace, war and post-conflict? Thinking about the memory, the hard present and desired future (hope)? aura.hernandez@psykolab.fr

Time Use Survey This is diary from 4 am till 4 am start the activity

finish the activity

What did you do?

When?

Where?

Time, religion, mysticism and mythology. Mythological psychology of time. With whom? How did you like it?

Questions for discussion

Join to the survey with your questions! It is an international survey! johanna.giczi@tatk.elte.hu How about us ‘TP People’. Is our perspective balanced? How about challenging ourselves and run our own balancing project from now til the next conference? http://beatahola.com Applied TP -> schools/reading materials – please connect to Tacey Ruffner. tacey_ruffner@yahoo.com

Is TP domain-specific, domain-general or multidimensional? How is TP distinguished from behaviors? If we change the instrument, are we measuring the same TP? Will more instruments facilitate or impede understanding? How does TP change across the lifespan? Do TP dimensions change at different rates? How do we measure the TP in different age groups? Does time perspective have a key developmental period? How can we define profiles using different samples and data from different countries? What is necessary to call a profile stable? How can we control short-term influences on TP scores? Are there developmental or educational goals or outcomes associated with specific profiles (e.g. Balanced vs. Positives)? World Map of Time

New cross-cultural study on TP and other time-related measures We aim to collect substantial samples from as many countries as possible (ideally 80-100 countries) Already have 40+ countries enrolled We aim for creating a World Map of TP’s level Each collaboration will be a co-author of publications Up to 2 researchers from each country who would manage the data collection process in their country Maciej Stolarski, mstolarski@psych.uw.edu.pl

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Everyone shares their power point on Google Drive?? Join the movement ‘I feel from’

Time and Death attitudes in Medics & Medical students. Ksenia Chistopolskaya Moscow, Russia ktchist@gmail.com In our study of medical students and working doctors across Russia we found out that their Death Attitudes are not healthy and may cause problems in their work. Is it typical just for Russia or it is a cross-cultural problem of the profession? Lets find out! Join the study!

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