3
STATUS & PROSPECTS
A
SHRIMP AQUACULTURE IN INDIA Dr B. Laxmappa, Ph.D, Department of Fisheries, Telangana, India,
quaculture in India has evolved as a viable commercial farming practice from the level of traditionally backyard activity over the last three decades with considerable diversification in terms of species and systems, and has been showing an impressive annual growth rate of 6-7 percent. India is also an important country that produces fish through aquaculture in the world. Presently, the country ranks second in the world in total fish production with an annual fish production of about nine million metric tonnes. As the second largest country in aquaculture production, the share of brackish-water sector includes culture of shrimp varieties mainly, the native giant tiger prawn, Penaeus
Table 1: State-wise Tiger Shrimp production in India from 2010-11 to 2014-15 State 2010-11 West Bengal 40725 Orissa 7520 Andhra Pradesh 49030 Tamil Nadu & 4020 Pondicherry Kerala 8075 Karnataka 2090 Goa 320 Maharashtra 1120 Gujarat 5675 Total 118575 Source: MPEDA, Kochi
2011-12 45999 10901 51081
2012-13 52581 14096 25948
2013-14 53049 11075 2883
12097
17220
916
73
8138 609 51 1721 4869 135466
5175 180 48 2010 6045 123303
3360 56 14 1083 4362 76798
3643 498 16 177 2185 73155
monodon and exotic white-leg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Present status Brackish water aquaculture in India is restricted to shrimp farming utilizing semi-intensive culture practices mainly with giant tiger prawn at stocking densities of 0.1–0.3 million/ha. With the provision of a high protein diet, water exchange, aeration and improved health management, production levels of 4–6 tonnes/ha have been demonstrated in a production period of 4–5 months. However, the presence of white spot syndrome during 1994– 1995 drastically reduced prawn-farming activity in the late 1990s. The adoption of a more cautious approach including moderate stocking densities and good management practices has helped in the revival of the sector and in sustaining shrimp production of the country. Furthermore, with the recent introduction of P. vannamei, the shrimp culture is again regaining its glory of export earner at large.
2014-15 53526 10075 2962
50 | September | October 2016 - International Aquafeed