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INTERPRETING
EDITORIAL Happy New Year!
Pia von Waldau Editor-in-chief
âWhen you invest in Women you invest in the people who invest in everybody elseâ MELINDA GATES
ON THE COVER Ms. Kazuko Shiraishi, Japanese Ambassador for Women, Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs and Ambassador in charge of Arctic Affairs, Ms. Rui Matsukawa, Director of the Gender Mainstreaming Division, Foreign Policy Bureau, MOFA
SPECIAL THANKS TO
I
n the first issue of 2016, JAPAN and the WORLD reveals examples of how the determination of women of all ages, all nationalities, effectively turned their struggles into triumphs.
Whether highly educated, Indigenous, in politics, or executives in the private sector, the women portrayed in this issue are heroic examples, showing that bravery and determination make it possible to move beyond traditional expectations.
MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF JAPAN Ms. Rui Matsukawa Director of the Gender Mainstreaming Division, Foreign Policy Bureau, MOFA
The accomplishments of ordinary women in developing and developed countries are a positive sign that around the world the women empowerment movement is on the go.
MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF JAPAN Ms. Kazuko Shiraishi Japanese Ambassador for Women, Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs and Ambassador in charge of Arctic Affairs
But even where there has been a noticeable improvement for some, too many women are still struggling to live a quality life, to enjoy access to education, feel safe and free.
MIE PREFECTURE Mr. Suzuki Eikei Governor of Mie Prefecture MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS Mr. Susumu Kamimura Director General of Administrative Management Bureau, MIC JAMAICA TOURIST BOARD (JTB) Mr. Paul Pennicook Director of the Jamaica Tourist Board (JTB) ECOWAS DIPLOMATIC CORPS Chairperson, Ms. Youngor Telewoda Mr. Kadré Désiré Ouédraogo Mr. Lionel Zinsou Mr. Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré Mr. Khadim Diop
ALSO THANKS TO Embassy of Slovenia / Embassy of Malawi / Embassy of Angola / Embassy of Jamaica / Embassy of Colombia / Embassy of Peru / Embassy of Cuba / Embassy of CÃŽte dâIvoire / Embassy of Togo / Embassy of Macedonia / Embassy of Sweden / Embassy of Pakistan / Embassy of Liberia / Embassy of Djibouti / Heinz Beck / Ms. Kyoko Spector / Ms. Sawako Nevin / Ms. Reko Dida
Photography by JAPAN and the WORLD magazine Publisher: Inter Media Japan K.K. Editor-in-chief: Pia von Waldau Managing Editor: Aga Charytoniuk Art Director: Romain Gaullier Contributors: Adam Faulford Digital: Miwo Amemiya Sales: Ito Hironobu, Tomas Castro Interns: Dorothea Blaschkowski Advertising Sales: Publicitas Japan K.K. Printing: SHOBI Printing Co.,Ltd.
Today women empowerment is absolutely essential for the successful future of any society. With the support of the private sector, womenâs empowerment is an engine for economic growth, both in developed and developing countries.
Bonne lecture!
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LEGAL å 責äºé The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of JAPAN and the WORLD magazine, Inter Media Japan K.K., or its employees. The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources believed by the author to be reliable. However, the author does not make any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the informationâs accuracy or completeness, it has been provided to you solely for informational purposes only. © 2015 JAPAN and the WORLD magazine. All rights reserved. Neither this publication nor any part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Inter Media Japan K.K. JAPAN and the WORLD magazine is a registered trademark of Inter Media Japan K.K. Published quarterly in Tokyo, Japan. æ¬èªèšäºã§è¿°ã¹ãããŠããæèŠã»èŠè§£ã¯ãèšäºã®èè ã«ãããã®ã§ãããå¿ ç¶çã«ãã€ã©ãã©ã«ã ã€ã³ã¿ãŒã¡ãã£ã¢ã»ãžã£ãã³ãªãã³ã«ãã®ç€Ÿå¡ã®èŠè§£ãåæ ãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã æ¬èªã«èšèŒãããŠããæ å ±ã¯ãèè ã«ããä¿¡é Œã§ãããšèããããæ å ±æºããåŸãããŠããŸãããèè ã¯æ瀺çã»é»ç€ºçã§ããããåãããæ å ±ã®æ£ç¢ºæ§ãŸãã¯å®å šæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠãã ãªãè¡šæãŸãã¯ä¿èšŒãããããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸãããæ¬èªã®ãªãã«èšèŒãããŠããæ å ±ã¯å°ãæ å ±æäŸã®ç®çã«ã®ã¿æäŸãããŠããŸãã© 2015 JAPAN and the WORLD magazine. All rights reserved.æ¬èªããã³æ¬èªã®èšäºã®å šéšãŸãã¯äžéšã§ãã£ãŠãã ã€ã³ã¿ãŒã¡ãã£ã¢ã»ãžã£ãã³æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿã«ããäºåã®æ¿èªãªãã«è€è£œãæ€çŽ¢ã·ã¹ãã å ãžã®ä¿ç®¡ã ãŸãã¯é»åçã» æ©æ¢°çæ段ãåãããäŒéããããšãè€åãèšé²ãŸãã¯ããã«é¡ããè¡çºãè¡ãããšã¯ã§ããŸããã JAPAN and the WORLD magazineã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãŒã¡ãã£ã¢ã»ãžã£ãã³æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿã®ç»é²å æšã§ãã ïŒãæããšã®çºè¡ïŒæ±äº¬ã æ¥æ¬ïŒã
CONTENTS ISSUE 14 / JANUARY // FEBRUARY // MARCH 2016
SPECIAL
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
女æ§ã®æš©å©æ¡å€§
08-42
08 IntroductionâThere is no development without empowerment of women 09-13 Rui MatsukawaâThe Women behind WAW! 14 Ellen Johnson SirleafâThe first female elected head of state in Africa 15-17 Kazuko ShiraishiâAmbassador for Women 19-21 Victoire Tomegah-DogbéâTogolese youth to carry out change 23-25 Samina BaigâA woman who reached the impossible! 26-28 Sawako NevinâWorking to make a difference in Malawi 29-31 Around the WorldâWhat does it mean to be a woman? 33-34 Kyoko SpectorâHow to be both a successful woman and entrepreneur 35-36 Mariela CastroâAn advocate of gender equality 37-38 Empowerment for all!âWhen education meets indigenous women 39-40 AmasâSymbol of womenâs independence and vigor 41-42 SwedenâThe first feminist government
43-47
INTERNATIONAL JAPAN
57-60
FEATURE
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ã§ãã«ãžã£ãã³
RENEWABLE ENERGY
43-47 Mie prefectureâGetting ready for G7
57-60 Towards a sustainable Africa
åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒ
FEATURE
GASTRODIPLOMACY
æçå€äº€
61-62 GastrodiplomacyâFostering cultural understanding among countries 63-65 Heinz BeckâFood for thinking 67-68 Colombian GastrodiplomacyâAn effective country branding tool 69-70 Peruvian cuisineâIn healthy body, healthy spirit
63-91 61-70
THE WORLD
äžç
63-66 ECOWASâThe Rise of West Africa 72 MessageâPresident of the ECOWAS commission 73 MessageâPrime Minister of Benin 75-76 MessageâPresident of UEMOA Commission 77-78 Good GovernanceâA major challenge for the ECOWAS region 79-82 CÃŽte DâIvoire-JapanâStrengthening the good relation of friendship and cooperation 83-85 MalawiâDoing business in the right way 87-88 JamaicaâFeels alright! 89-91 Jamaicaâs tourism industry in action!
VISITS
蚪å
93-95 Raising profile of Macedonia business environment
93-95
PROTOCOL ãããã³ã«
92
92 Slovenia and Japan
PLUS
32 The Voice of Experience 48-54 News 97-98 The Scene
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
INTRODUCTION
女æ§ã®å°äœåäžãªãããŠçºå±ã¯ãªã
THERE IS NO DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN
E
mpowering women to participate fully in economic life across all sectors is essential to build stronger economies, achieve internationally agreed goals for development and sustainability, and improve the quality of life for women, men, and communities. Women need to play an active role at all levels, including the top, to change the dynamic, to reshape the conversation, to make sure their voices are heard and heeded. Therefore, the private sector is a key partner in efforts to advance gender equality and empower women. There is a big number of women who want to work with corporate Japan to offer them better opportunities. This is challenged by the battle between tradition and the rising demands of working women. The empowerment is also strongly supported by the Japanese government. The upper house just recently approved legislation requiring companies with more than 300 employees to set numerical targets of female hires and managers. Yet, Japan has a long way to be a gender equal nation. In a 2014 study on gender equality by the World Economic Forum, Japan placed 104th out of 142 nations surveyed. Therefore, according to Prime Minister Abe, Japan will take actions to protect womenâs rights and promote the empowerment of women in society. This will lead eventually to gender equality, development and peace through empowerment. One of the first steps to achieve that was opening of UN Women office in April last year, which makes Japan the first Asian nation to have such office. Tokyo office will step up efforts to build a stronger partnership with the government and the people of Japan. The office also supports Prime Minister Shinzo Abeâs drive to improve the status of women both at home and abroad. Japan will also push the agenda on women forward vigorously when it holds the presidency of a G-7 summit next year in May in Mie Prefecture. The 21st century, accordingly to PM Abe is a century with no human rights violations against women. As of December last year there were 20 female ambassadors in Japan, among which 7 from African countries. This is so far the biggest number ever in a history of diplomatic corps in Japan. In the following section 8 portraits and 3 stories of women of different background and nationality will be featured in order to show successful struggles that each of them experienced to achieve their goals. In addition, women from around the world will answer the question: What does it mean to be a woman?
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次ã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ã ç®æšéæãç®æãä¹ãè¶ããæåãŸã§ã®éããã ç°ãªã£ãèæ¯ãšåœç±ãæã€8人ã®å¥³æ§ã®ããŒãã¬ãŒããš3人ã®å¥³æ§ã®ã¹ããŒãªãŒ ã§çŽ¹ä»ããããŸã ã女æ§ã§ããããšã®æå³ãšã¯ïŒã ãšãã質åã«ã äžçäžã®å¥³æ§ãã¡ããã®åçãè¿°ã¹ãã
RUI MATSUKAWA
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
WAW!èå°è£ã®å¥³æ§é
THE WOMAN BEHIND WAW! GENDER EQUALITY ON THE MOVE é²ãç·å¥³å ±ååç»
Matsukawa-san, a wife and a mother, is a successful woman who actively promotes and believes that women can shine all around the world. æŸå·ããã¯æ¢å©è ã§ïŒäººã®åšãããããŸãã女æ§ã¯äžçäžã§èŒãããš ãã§ãããšã®ä¿¡å¿µãæã¡ããã®æ³ããåºããããšãç®æããŠããŸãã Last year Japan hosted the second World Assembly for Women (WAW!) in Tokyo. The number of participants and speakers was much larger than the year before. Why in your opinion is there a need to discuss womenâs empowerment issues on a global scale? Do women in Japan experience similar challenges to women in other countries given different economic development, culture, and history etc.?
There are certainly different challenges for women depending on the degree of a countryâs economic development, culture and religious background, but the foundations are universal. In other words, women are placed in difficult circumstances, and when they exercise their potential, it brings better conditions not only for women but for the whole society.
First, let me introduce the WAW!. Held on August 28 and 29 of last year featured 145 leaders in womenâs issues from around the world and 2,000 audience members took part in the two days. The theme of last yearâs assembly was âWAW! For AllâVarious Generations and Perspectives of Men and Women Togetherâ. The opening speech was made by Prime Minister Abe, and keynote speeches were made by Nobel Peace Prize winner and the first popularly-elected female president in Africa, President Sirleaf of Liberia, as well as Ms. Marillyn Hewson, the first career-track woman CEO of Lockheed Martin, among others. Several High-Level Round Table discussions were held on the two themes: âWomen and the Economyâ and âGlobal Challengesâ, for global leaders to discuss and make recommendations.
World leaders active in womenâs issues share information about the various challenges facing women around the world, and look for better solutions. Also, by bringing together leaders that are struggling with similar challenges, they can encourage each other and develop new networks to activate their various initiatives and help each other. Hence, WAW! is not merely a symposium. WAW! takes action, WAW! is a network, and WAW! is a movement.
WAW! TO DO 2015 Please find the following link to read the Summary Document: Japanese Version: www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000101261.pdf English Version: www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000101262.pdf
09 // JANUARY 2016
WAW! makes contributions around the world, but is also expanding various initiatives to promote the activities of women in Japan.
Japan is attempting to change into a society where women play a more active role through Prime Minister Abeâs âCreating a Society in which All Women Shineâ. Japanâs greatest challenge is its declining population due to aging and a low birth rate. I have no doubt that in 5 years there will be even more women active in various areas in our society. Also, with respect to global challenges, Japan has been involved in a variety of active efforts through international cooperation. With WAW! Japan will change, and will also stimulate further changes in the world. That is my hope for WAW! WAW! will certainly be held again this year. A womanâs agenda will also be promoted at this yearâs G7 Summit in Ise-Shima. We hope that this yearâs WAW! will have synergy with the Ise-Shima Summit.
WHAT IS DISCUSSED IN WAW! ?
Diversified stakeholders from governments, international organizations, and private sector discussed under two main themes âWomen and the Economyâ and âGlobal Issuesâ. Many ideas and proposals were created.
01
02
Women and the Economy: High-Level Round Tables on âWomen and the Economyâ discuss the impact on the economy through womenâs empowerment. Japan is putting in place a number of reforms aimed at the growth strategy of promoting the active participation of women. We want to take advantage of a great deal of wisdom from around the world in these initiatives in Japan. The themes of the tables were âWork-Life Managementâ, âEngaging Men in Reformsâ to discuss men taking an active role in the empowerment of women in consideration of last yearâs âWAW! for Allâ theme, and âWomen Facing Challengesâ which discussed the challenges faced by women, such as challenges for single mothers and the issue of maternity harassment, etc. Global Issues: High-Level Round Table on âGlobal Issuesâ was held for discussions of initiatives that need to be implemented world-wide to address the challenges faced by women. Issues such as: importance of girlsâ education for womenâs independence, expanding womenâs participation in peace building process, and cooperating with business sector for womenâs empowerment, should be known widely in the world to gather wisdom and support which lead to resolution.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
RUI MATSUKAWA Rui Matsukawa, the first Director of the Gender Mainstreaming Division, Foreign Policy Bureau, MOFA, a position introduced in 2014. Ms. Matsukawa coordinated the first and the second World Assembly for Women (WAW!) held in Tokyo. This event was the initiative of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and featured many prominent speakers that included the Prime Minister himself, H.E. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (President of Liberia), Marillyn A. Hewson (Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Lockheed Martin), Phumzile MlamboNgcuka (Exexutive Director, UN Women), Zainab Hawa Bangura (UNSRSG on Sexual Violence in Conflict), and Linda A. Hill (Professor at Harvard Business School) among others. The 2014 assemblyâs theme was âToward a Society Where Women Shine,â taken from PM Abeâs speech at the 68th session of the United Nations General Assembly, when he stated: âCreating an environment in which women find it comfortable to work, and enhancing opportunities for women to work and to be active in society is no longer a matter of choice for Japan.â The 2015 assemblyâs theme was âWAW! for Allâ. Sessions focusing on, not just working women, but women facing challenges and men engage in reforms were held. In addition, Youth Table was held to make and occasion to share the thoughts of the younger generations.
2014幎ã«æ°èšãããå€åçã»å¥³æ§åç»æšé²å®€ã®å代 宀é·ã æŸå·ããããã æŸå·ããã¯æ±äº¬éœå ã§éå¬ããã ã女æ§ãèŒãç€ŸäŒ ã«åããåœéã·ã³ããžãŠã ïŒWorld Assembly for Women ç¥ç§°:WAW!ïŒ ã ã®ç¬¬1åããã³ç¬¬2åäŒå ã®ã³ãŒãã£ããŒããæ åœããŸããã ãã®ã·ã³ããžãŠã 㯠å®åæäžéŠçžã®ã€ãã·ã¢ããã§è¡ããããã®ã§ã å®å éŠçžãã¯ãããªããªã¢ã®ãšã¬ã³ã»ãžã§ã³ãœã³ã»ãµãŒãªãŒã 倧統é ã ããªãªã³ã»ãã¥ãŒãœã³ã»ããããŒãã»ããŒãã£ã³ã» ã³ãŒãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³äŒé·ã»ç€Ÿé·å Œæé«çµå¶è²¬ä»»è ã ãã ãºã£ã¬ã»ã ã©ã³ãïŒãã¯ã« UN Womenäºåå±é·ã ã¶ã€ ããã»ãã¯ã»ãã³ã°ãŒã©çŽäºäžã®æ§çæŽåæ åœåœé£äº åç·é·ç¹å¥ä»£è¡šã ãªã³ãã»Aã»ãã«ã»ããŒããŒãã»ããžã ã¹ã»ã¹ã¯ãŒã« ïŒHBSïŒ ææãªã©å€ãã®ããããªãŒããŒã ç»å£ããŸããã 2014幎ã®ã·ã³ããžãŠã ã®ããŒã ã女æ§ãèŒã瀟äŒã« åããŠã ã§ããã ãã®èšèã¯ã å®åéŠçžã第68ååœé£ ç·äŒã®äžè¬èšè«æŒèª¬ã§è¿°ã¹ã ã女æ§ã«ãšã£ãŠåããã ãç°å¢ãããããã 女æ§ã®åŽåæ©äŒã 掻åã®å Žãå å® ãããããšã¯ã ä»ãæ¥æ¬ã«ãšã£ãŠã éžæã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªã㟠ããã ãšã®çºèšããåŒçšãããã®ã§ãã 2015幎ã®ããŒã㯠ãWAW! for Allã ã§ããã åãå¥³æ§ ã ãã§ãªãïŒ å°é£ãæ±ãã女æ§ãå€é©ã«åç»ããç·æ§ ã«ããã©ãŒã«ã¹ããŸããã ãŠãŒã¹ã»ããŒãã«ãèšãïŒ è¥ã äžä»£ã®èããå ±æããæ©äŒãäœããŸããã
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
OCTOBER 2015 // 76
RUI MATSUKAWA
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Last yearâs topics were âGirls and Educationâ, âPeacebuilding and Womenâ, and âMultiStakeholder Partnerships for International Cooperationâ. You are a very active woman who tries to maintain a work-life balance. How has your own experience helped you in preparing WAW!? Iâm one of those working mothers trying to strike a balance between work and life. All the challenges faced by women around the world, and especially by girls, who cannot go to school, or who are forced to marry when they are young, give them no economic independence when they grow up. Work isnât just making money, but is a way of feeling a pride in demonstrating our abilities, and contributing to society. I hope that my own daughters will grow up to be independent women, active in society. As a working mother, I need to go to work even when I want to stay with my children. I wish to have more flexibility in work. Wouldnât it be great if we could have more choices in way of working? However, there arenât many choices in reality. In Japan there are the two challenges of long working hours and roles division between men and women. Women still bear the burden of double work (work and childrearing/housework). About 60% of women retire when they become pregnant with their first child. Although we can see progress compared to the past, women are still in an inferior position to men in terms of choice of profession, promotion and decision-making in the workplace. This awareness of the issues in daily life helped me to come up with last yearâs WAW! agenda.
We also set up a photo booth for participants to place their messages about a âSociety where Women Shineâ. We believe that these kind of initiatives directed to the general public will speed up womenâs empowerment. What was the main outcome from this yearâs WAW! and how do you rate it? The outcome document of WAW!, which is designated as a United Nations document, âWAW! To Doâ is not a commitment between countries, but is a collection of specific proposals based on the suggestions and ideas of participants. It is hoped that these proposals will come into effect around the world. In Japan, the follow-up documents for WAW! 2014 were created to summarize the efforts of the Japanese government and handed out at WAW! 2015. We intend to improve and expand a followup system for the next WAW!
the audience, to communicate and exchange their experiences. If you have an opportunity to speak out to all women in this world, what would be your message? Women are great at âbringing people togetherâ. Women find it incredibly easy to create networks, which extend beyond generation, sector, and place. Women have a built-in instinct to think about others. The world can be a better place as women challenge themselves in various areas with bravery. So Ladies, lets unite and change the world together. As an international Japanese woman do you have some advice to other Japanese women who wish to follow your path?
More than anything else, WAW! has brought together leaders in the field of womenâs issues from Japan and overseas. At this yearâs WAW!, we want to focus on creating international networks.
Women have a lot of potential that only needs to be released. Shikibu Murasaki (a woman), for example, wrote the worldâs earliest recorded novel, a few hundred years before Shakespeare.
More than anything else, WAW! has brought together leaders in the field of womenâs issues from Japan and overseas. At this yearâs WAW!, we want to focus on creating international networks, by providing opportunities for participants, including
A âSociety where Women Shineâ is not just for women, but for everyone. This âsociety where women shineâ uses âwomenâ as the launching pad for creating a diverse and innovative social environment where everyone can participate. So letâs all go for it!
Japan is a mature society: not everyone thinks the same way, nor wants the same thing. Everyone has different dreams. So if you work very hard, youâll probably make them come true.
What is the WAW! movement and how has it helped in seeing progress on womenâs issues in Japan?
In order to create a larger WAW! movement, we have established âShine Weeksâ as side events that support the spirit of WAW! activities. In order to create a larger WAW! movement, we have established âShine Weeksâ as side events that support the spirit of WAW! activities. Last year, the number of registered events doubled to 240 (120 in 2014). In addition to seminars and study sessions, there were also film festivals about women and concerts by female musicians among other events. Last year, we cooperated with Google Inc. and Eigyobu Joshika to establish an official WAW! YouTube channel (www.youtube.com/c/waw).
11 // JANUARY 2016
WAW! Public Forum Opening Speech by Prime Minister Abe.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
RUI MATSUKAWA
æšå¹Žã§ïŒåç®ãšãªã ã女æ§ãèŒã瀟äŒã«åããåœ éã·ã³ããžãŠã ïŒWAW! 2015ïŒããæ±äº¬ã§éå¬ã ããåå è æ°ãè¬æŒè æ°ãšãã«æšå¹Žã倧ããäžåã ãŸããããªã女æ§ã®ãšã³ãã¯ãŒã¡ã³ãã«é¢ããèª²é¡ ãäžçèŠæš¡ã§è©±ãåãå Žãå¿ èŠã§ãããšãèã㧠ãããçµæžçºå±ã®åºŠåããæåãæŽå²ãªã©ç°ãªãè æ¯ãæã€ä»ã®åœã åæ§ã æ¥æ¬ã®å¥³æ§ãåããã㪠åé¡ãæ±ããŠãããšæããŸããã ãŸãïŒWAW!ïŒå¥³æ§ãèŒã瀟äŒã«åããåœéã·ã³ã ãžãŠã World Assembly for WomenïŒ ã«ã€ ããŠçŽ¹ä»ãããŠãã ãããæšå¹ŽïŒæïŒïŒæ¥ïŒ ïŒïŒæ¥ã« è¡ãããWAW!ïŒå¥³æ§ãèŒã瀟äŒã«åããåœéã· ã³ããžãŠã World Assembly for WomenïŒ ã«ã¯ïŒ ïŒïŒïŒåã®äžçã®å¥³æ§åéçã®ãªãŒããŒé ãåå ãïŒèŽè¡ã¯ã®ã¹2,000人ã«äžããŸãããæšå¹Ž ã®WAW!ã®ããŒãã¯ïŒ ãWAW! for All âæ§ã ãªç« å Žãäžä»£ã®å¥³æ§ã»ç·æ§ãšãšãã«-ã ã§ãããå®åç·ç ããªãŒããã³ã°ã»ã¹ããŒããè¡ãïŒ åºèª¿è¬æŒã¯ïŒ ã㌠ãã«å¹³åè³åè³è ã§ã¢ããªã«åã®æ°éžã®å¥³æ§å€§çµ± é ã§ãããµãŒãªãŒãã»ãªããªã¢å€§çµ±é ãšããããŒãã» ããŒãã³ç€Ÿåã®çãæã女æ§CEOã§ããããªãªã³ã» ãã¥ãŒãœã³CEOãè¡ããŸããã ã女æ§ãšçµæžã ãš ãã° ããŒãã«ãªèª²é¡ã ã®äºå€§ããŒãã®äžã§æ§ã ãªåå¥ ããŒããããŒãã«æ¯ã«èšå®ãïŒ äžçã®ãªãŒããŒãã¡ ãè°è«ãïŒ æèšãè¡ã£ãŠé ããŸãã
WAW! TO DO 2015 èŠçŽææžãèªãããã«æ¬¡ã®ãªã³ã¯ãèŠã€ããŠãã ããã æ¥æ¬èªç:
www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000101261.pdf ææææž: www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000101262.pdf
女æ§ã®èª²é¡ã¯ïŒç¢ºãã«ïŒåœã®çµæžçºå±ã®ç¶æ³ãïŒæ åã»å®æçèæ¯ãªã©ã«ããç°ãªããšããã¯ãããŸã ãïŒ ã€ãã€ããæ ¹å¹¹ã¯äžçå ±éã§ãã ããªãã¡ïŒå¥³ æ§ãïŒ å¥³æ§ã®æœåšåãçºæ®ããããšã女æ§ã«ãšã£ãŠ ã®ã¿ãªããïŒ ç€ŸäŒå šäœã«ãšã£ãŠïŒ ããè¯ãç¶æ³ããã ãããšããããšã§ãã WAW!ã¯äžçãžã®è²¢ç®ã§ããããŸããïŒ åæã«ïŒ æ¥ æ¬åœå ã®å¥³æ§æŽ»èºä¿é²ã®æ§ã ãªåãçµã¿ã®åŸæŒã ã«ããªããŸãã
Prime Minister Abe and the speakers of âWomenâs Empowerment through Sanitationâ session with WAW! hand sign.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
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02
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JANUARY 2016 // 12
JAMAICA
THE WORLD
Tea Ceremony held to experience Japanese culture as a side event of WAW!. ãWAW! ã ãŒãã¡ã³ãããšã¯ã©ããã£ããã®ã§ããã ãã ãããŠã ããã¯æ¥æ¬ã«ããã女æ§ã®æŽ»èºæšé²ã« åããåãçµã¿ã«ã©ã®ãããªåœ±é¿ãåãŒããŠãã ã®ã§ããããã
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13 // JANUARY 2016
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äžçäžã®å¥³æ§ã«åããŠã¡ãã»ãŒãžãçºä¿¡ã§ãããš ãããäœãäŒãããã§ããã 女æ§ã«ã¯ïŒ ãã€ãªããåãããããŸããäžä»£ïŒã»ã¯ã¿ ãŒïŒåœãè¶ ããŠïŒä¿¡ããããªããããç°¡åã«å¥³æ§å 士ã¯ã€ãªããããšãã§ããŸãã女æ§ã«ã¯ä»è ãæ³ã æ¬èœãåãã£ãŠããããã§ãã女æ§ãåæ°ããã£ãŠ æ§ã ãªããšã«ãã£ã¬ã³ãžããããšïŒå¥³æ§å士ãã€ãª ãã£ãŠããããšã§ïŒäžçãããããæ¹åã«å€ãã㟠ãã ã ããïŒ ã€ãªãã£ãŠïŒäžç·ã«èªåãïŒäžçãå€ã ãŸãããã âLadies, Letâs unite and change the world together.â
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Ms. Kazuko Shiraishi Japanese Ambassador for Women, Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs and Ambassador in charge of Arctic Affairs.
KAZUKO SHIRAISHI
女æ§å€§äœ¿ãšã¯
AMBASSADOR FOR WOMEN JAPAN and the WORLD magazine presents an exclusive interview with Ms. Kazuko Shiraishi, Japanese Ambassador for Women, Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs and Ambassador in charge of Arctic Affairs about a historical overview of women struggling for their empowerment based on her life experience.
JAPAN and the WORLDã¯å¥³æ§ã»äººæš©äººé æ åœå Œå極æ åœå€§äœ¿ã®çœç³ååããã«å ç¬ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒãã èªèº«ã®çµéšã«åºã¥ããš ã³ãã¯ãŒã¡ã³ãéåã§å¥®éãã女æ§ã«ã€ ããŠæŽå²çãªçµç·¯ãªã©ãèããŠã¿ãŸããã JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Shiraishi-san, you started your diplomatic career in 1974 as one of the very few women entering the Japanese political field. What did make you undertake such a career path? When I entered the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) it was before the introduction of the Gender Equality Employment Law. All companies were allowed to employ only men or only women. I got an official job offer from a trading company just before my graduation from my university. My work offer was to be an assistant to male colleagues without any prospect for promotion. I could not understand why I could only be an assistant to men with whom I studied the same modules at university. I thought that it is because of the reality of Japanese society. Additionally, I studied Russian so I wanted to use this language ability in my work. In 1974 I found a poster on my university campus with a job
offer in the MOFA for men and women. I applied and successfully enter the Ministry. There were 4 more women entering the Ministry at the time with me. I am the 16th female representative ambassador in the history of Japanâs Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The first Ambassador, H.E. Nobuko Takahashi, was appointed in 1980 to Denmark. She signed the UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). In 2014 I was the only woman ambassador posted from the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs abroad. However, as for today, there are 10 Japanese women ambassadors. So, there is a great improvement in that regard. Your first foreign post was Poland. How did the experience gained
JANUARY 2016 // 14
KAZUKO SHIRAISHI
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
there help you to establish your professional etiquette given that Poland at the time was under a very difficult political transition? I was the first female diplomat to be posted to a non-Western developing country, which at the time was Poland. During the first two-year period of my stay in Poland, I undertook a oneyear Polish language course in 1975 in Lodz, after that I studied History in 1976 in Warsaw. Poland was still in the communist era. The most challenging part was to survive. I had a government scholarship but there was nothing to buy in the shops. That was a cultural shock especially because Japan was experiencing an economic boom in the 70s. So I wondered, how can I survive in Poland? I succeeded because of kindness of the Polish people. The most impressive thing for me was the fact that Polish people, despite not having enough provisions, could appreciate culture, music, and art. They knew how to enjoy their lives. I had an immediate respect for the Polish people. I enjoyed my post to Poland very much because I got to know the Polish culture and Polish people. This understanding became my guidance in the future posts. You served in many places such as Poland, Lithuania and USA. Have you experienced any challenges in particular based on your gender? I had moments of embarrassment because of the fact that I am a woman. Despite the fact that at the time there was no terminology for sexual harassment or maternity harassment, I experienced such acts at my work place. However, I received at lot of support from my superiors that helped me get through this difficult time. So this is my experience at Japanese workplace. I have never faced any gender-based discrimination working with foreigners. Can you update us with the latest progress and outcome of Womenomics? I would like first to talk a bit about Womenomics. Prime Minsiter Shinzo Abe stated that âAbenomics is Womenomicsâ. Womenomics is at the core of the Japan revitalization strategy implemented in 2013. The Government of Japan set a target of increasing the number of women in leading positions to 30% by 2020 and increasing the employment rate of women (aged 25-44) to 73% (2014: 70.8%). Under this strategy there will be a growing number of women-friendly companies through favorable incentives. In addition, women will receive support according to life stages (childrearing, reemployment, entrepreneurship), and conditions for work-life balance.
Thanks to the revitalization plan, the government has successfully increased female employment in management positions from 69% in June 2012 to 8.3% in June 2014. On a top of this, the number of females in the work
15 // JANUARY 2016
force increased by about 900 000 in the two and a half years under PM Abeâs administration.
Government of Japan set a target of increasing the number of women in leading positions to 30% by 2020 and increasing the employment rate of women (aged 25-44) to 73% (2014: 70.8%). I personally think that Japanese society is progressing in terms of womenâs issues. This is not only because of the government actions but also due to the changes in the business environment and society itself. Gender mainstreaming is visible in Japanese society.
Womenomics also applies to support of developing countries to tackle womenâs issues. Womenomics also applies to support of developing countries to tackle womenâs issues. That is the reason why Prime Minister Abe has already called twice for the organization of the World Assembly for Women (WAW!). Therefore, Womenomics is not only a strategy for Japanese society but for societies in the whole world for women to shine. We have run women related projects (such as âSchool for allâ) since 2006 in Palestine, Sudan, Pakistan Burkina Faso, and Niger. So that is the Japanese government position to support girlsâ education and womenâs vocational training. What would be your advice to encourage young Japanese women to enter diplomacy? I have never objected to or hesitated on a task I was given to fulfil. A completion of any assignment gives a feeling of achievement, and at the end it is pleasurable. On-the-job training in my opinion is the most important way of achieving the task. Many young girls are lacking self-confidence, which is a serious barrier especially in professional life. Therefore, support from colleagues is very crucial in overcoming any difficulties. In my life, I did not have any female role-model but a group of male colleagues who encouraged me in the work place. So my message to a young woman would be: Do not be afraid of lack of self-confidence. During your work you will gain knowledge and ability to overcome any challenges and difficulties.
In my life, I did not have any female role-model but a group of male colleagues who encouraged me in the work place.
If you have an opportunity to speak out to all women in this world, what would be your message? Every woman has a right to live as she wants. Creating a society where women shine is not only for working women but also for housewives. The goal is to be happy. I am not an advocate of promoting women in business or government. I wish to have a society in which each woman can live in a way that makes her happy.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
KAZUKO SHIRAISHI
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JANUARY 2016 // 16
LIBERIA
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
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MADAM ELLEN JOHNSON SIRLEAF
What would be your advice to women who want to enter politics? Women who seek political office must be clear in their goals and be purposed to stay the course, despite the obstacles that are bound to arise. Women must also work with other women whose support is vital for success.
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ã女æ§ãèŒã瀟äŒã«åããåœéã·ã³ããžãŠã ïŒWorld Assembly for Women in Tokyoãç¥ ç§°:WAW! 2015ïŒã ã«åå ãããŸãããã ã©ããªã¡ã ã»ãŒãžãäž»ãšããŠãäŒãã«ãªããŸãããã Credits: Somodevilla/Getty Images News/Getty Images
5 QUESTIONS TO HER EXCELLENCY PRESIDENT OF LIBERIA THE FIRST FEMALE ELECTED HEAD OF STATE IN AFRICA
ãªããªã¢ã®å€§çµ±é ãžã®5ã€ã®è³ªåã 圌女ã¯éžæã§éžã°ããã¢ããªã«åã®å¥³æ§ã®åœå®¶å éŠã§ In 2011 you were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize together with another two women from Yemen. In your opinion, is there any correlation between women and peace? Women with the sensitivity of being a mother tent to be more attentive to human kind, which is an important attribute for peace. You participated in WAW! 2015 Summit in Tokyo. What was your main message? The main message at the WAW! 2015 Summit in Tokyo was that despite significant progress, women still have a long way to go to achieve gender parity in participation, access and equality in all areas of national endeavor. Some of the measures taken by the Prime Minister of Japan regarding private sector enforcement, set a good example for other countries. In your opinion, would the world be a different/better place with more women in leadership positions? The world would certainly be a better place
17 // JANUARY 2016
if there were more women in leadership positions. There would be less conflicts, less suffering, less migration and more peaceful world that engenders a high level of democracy and development, particularly for poor countries. Liberia continues to enjoy a stable and democratic government since the conflict ended in 2003. What is womenâs involvement in the peace keeping process in Liberia? Women have been the primary Non-State actors in the promotion of peace in Liberia. They bore the bulk of suffering and became the heads of households and families when the men abandoned them in search of the spoils of war. Women also took great risks and demonstrated the courage to challenge the warlords, thereby bringing the effects of war to the attention of the international community. Women continue up to the current day to be the most viable force for keeping the peace. Excellency, you became the first woman-President democratically elected on the African continent.
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Who we are?
Seibo Japan is a Japanese-registered NPO dedicated to helping children realise their full potential in life. Our aim is to feed every hungry child in the world a meal at school. On February 11th we begin feeding in the community of Chilomoni, Malawi.
How can you help?
We depend on donations in order to buy food and other essentials. Get in touch if you would like to learn more.
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WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
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TOGOLESE YOUTH TO CARRY OUT CHANGE
Interview with Victoire Tomegah-Dogbé, Minister of Grassroots Development, Craft Industry, Youth and Employment of the Youth.
ããŒãŽ ã®èã®æ ¹éçºã»å·¥èžåã»è¥è é çšçã®Victoire Tomegah-Dogbeæ°ã« ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒã
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n Togo, a General Directorate for the Advancement of Women has existed since 1977, the Ministry for the Promotion of Women was established in 2010, and a National Policy on Gender Equality and Equity was adopted in 2011.
Victoire Tomegah-Dogbé became in 2009 the first woman to serve as presidential chief of staff, since then she has been serving her country to promote women and the youth.
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In 2009, you were the first woman to become Minister-Director of the Cabinet HEM Faure Essozimna GNASSINGBE, President of the Republic of Togo. Tell us how did it happen? Before being chosen by the Head of State to direct his office, I was active in the Togolese private sector and at the international level. I helped in the development of several private companies before being recruited, in 1999, by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). I then worked for UNDP in several African countries (Congo Brazzaville, Burkina Faso, Benin) before returning, in 2008, to serve my countryâs government as Minister, delegate to the Prime
19 // JANUARY 2016
Victoire Tomegah-Dogbé Minister of Grassroots Development, Craft Industry, Youth and Employment of the Youth of Togo.
Minister in charge of Grassroots Development. This varied background has helped to give me broad experience at both the human and social levels. One must constantly work at selfassertion, at developing abilities and skills, and to take initiatives that make a difference in society. Every day, I try to face up to this challenge. You are a key player in promoting the role of youth and women in economic development. What does that imply? Togoâs population is predominantly young. When young people are well educated, well supervised, and are factored into development policies and strategies, they become the nationâs strength and its primary human resource. My department is responsible for implementing the national policies on youth development and youth employment. Within this framework, and under the leadership of the President of the Republic of Togo, we have drawn up a national strategic plan for youth employment and have taken initiatives to increase socioeconomic inclusion among the youth. This is done through several schemes, which includes the National Program for Voluntary Service (PROVONAT), the
National Fund for Inclusive Finance (FNFI), the Support Fund for Youth Initiatives (FAIEJ) and the Grassroots Development Support Programme (PRADEB). These schemes attempt, not only to improve the employability and civic engagement of our youth, but also to promote entrepreneurship and self-employment among young people. They have already brought tens of thousands of young people into the workforce, given them technical guidance and helped them access financing tailored to their needs, while developing their civic and citizenship values. Recent figures show that unemployment rate dropped from 6.5% in 2011 to 3,4% in 2015. This is undoubtedly because of the pragmatic policies and strategies that the Togolese Government has put in place to boost employment. Unfortunately, we still face the challenge of underemployment. In future years, we plan to continue along the same lines, for example to: Further strengthen the entrepreneurial ability of our youth. Promote their inclusion in promising sectors (agriculture, environment, etc.). Facilitate their access to innovative financing. Support retraining of young graduates in their struggle to enter workforce.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
TOGO
Are there also volunteer programs that support women and facilitate their access to the workplace? Yes indeed. Four years ago, Togo developed a program that encourages national voluntary service and is aimed at enhancing the employability and civic engagement of our young people. These young people, motivated by commitment, sharing and solidarity, are enlisted in various sectors such as Agriculture, Health and Education. Especially for young women, Justice, Community Development, Infrastructure and new Information Technologies also have a role to play. The program, which enjoyed considerable success, was recently converted into a national volunteer agency (ANVT) that pays special attention to positive action on gender. Young women represent 34% of the programâs volunteers and it is estimated that 40% of them have found sustainable employment! In addition, many young womenentrepreneurs are supported by our various funding mechanisms. Togo youth is nationâs strength, something to rely on, the country primary resource. Could you briefly describe the position of women in the workplace? Gender inequalities continue to exist, and, sadly, are still present in Togoâs social and economic structure, especially in regard to womenâs access to resources and their role in decision-making. Some 23% of young women have no qualifications, as opposed to 17% of boys. Only 15% of women completed secondary education, while the corresponding figure is 45% for men. Additionally, women have limited access to land and other facilities. These factors make it more difficult for them to find adequate employment and limit their social mobility.
The programs that we implemented have enabled hundreds of thousands of women to become economically active. The programs that we implemented have enabled hundreds of thousands of women to become economically active and affect positively a large number of young women. For example, FAIEJ, the youth initiatives fund, and AJSEF, which promotes youth access to economic and financial services strongly supported by the West African Development Bank, the African Development Bank (AfDB ) and the UNDP, are facilitating the inclusion of the youth in promising sectors of the economy and gender promotion activities. Another project supported by the AfDB called PAIEJSP aims at reducing the combined rate of unemployment and underemployment among young women by providing support to the 650 young female entrepreneurs and the 5,712
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Credits: Julius!âs
women in producer organizations. Did you have a role model, when you were growing up? Yes. In Togo, I admired a wonderful woman, committed to her goals, hard working, disciplined, but generous and gentle, who always inspired me. My mother... Do you have a message for women across the world?
Sometimes we have to fight twice as hard just because we are women. Sometimes we have to fight twice as hard just because we are women. But our smaller numbers in decision-making areas should not be seen as a sign of inferiority; instead, we must strengthen our community roots as basis for further development. We must show ourselves to be determined, willing, and committed; must strive to both defend and deserve our rightful place in society; and must remember that woman is the mother of nations. That it is up to us to ensure a better world for the coming generations.
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Togolese woman selling exotic fruits.
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21 // JANUARY 2016
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
PAKISTAN
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
ãµããã»ãã€ã°
SAMINA BAIG A WOMAN WHO REACHED THE IMPOSSIBLE!
ãäžå¯èœã ã«ææŠãã女æ§ïŒ
Pakistan is a country where there is strong heritage of strong women. Whether it is education, inheritance rights or their democratic right to vote, Pakistani women struggled to the top. This struggle has led Pakistani women to unprecedented positions: Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, Speaker of the National Assembly, from business leaders to airline pilots. In this tradition, Samina Baig has taken her quest further in fact to the roof of the world. ããã¹ã¿ã³ã¯ã匷ã女æ§ãçãŸãã匷ãäŒçµ±ããç¶æ¿ããåœã§ãããããã¹ã¿ã³å¥³ æ§ã¯æè²ãçžç¶ã®æš©å©ãæ°äž»çãªæ祚暩ãªã©ã ã©ã®åéã§ããé ç¹ãç®æã奮éãã éŠçžãå€çžãåœäŒè°é·ã®å ¬è·ãã¯ããäŒæ¥å¹¹éšãèªç©ºäŒç€Ÿã®ãã€ããããªã©ã®ç€ŸäŒ çãªå°äœãæã«ãããããããããã¹ã¿ã³å¥³æ§ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯ç»æçãªããšã ã£ãã ãµã ãã»ãã€ã°æ°ããã®äŒçµ±ã«ã®ã£ãšããæ£ã«äžçã®é ç¹ãç®æšã«æ®ããŠåéºãããã«è¿œ ãæ±ããŠããã Samina, with her Sherpa, placing the Pakistan flag on top of Mt. Everest. HER PHILOSOPHY AND MOTIVATIONS TO ACT
Samina is a pioneer in climbing mountains all over the world with the purpose of empowering women. She stands tall not just in Pakistan but across the Muslim world. Out of 1.6 billion (both girls and boys) she has climbed all Seven peaks on Seven Continents, which is no small feat. Through her actions she has shown that Pakistani women have equal opportunities to excel in the fields of their choice. They can achieve anything they want by their hard work and only by believing in their success. So, when she was lifting the flag of Pakistan on the top of Mount Everest, she felt that she had achieved the impossible. At that very moment, she was an example of womenâs empowerment. âI achieved gender equality, and I represented Pakistani women and showed their courage and strength.â This made Samina a role model for women around the world: âit is my intention to give a message of confidence to females everywhere that if a young woman like me can climb mountains, she can do anything. I want to tell women in Pakistan that if I am from Pakistan and I can climb mountains, they can climb their own mountains, because everyone has their own mountains in their lives. They can work hard, they can overcome their challenges and they can reach their goals.â
âI achieved gender equality, and I represented Pakistani women and showed their courage and strength.â 23 // JANUARY 2016
ASCENDING HER DREAMS, FULFILLING HER AMBITIONS
âOn Mt. Everest, I was not Samina Baig, I was representing Pakistani women. I was thinking that if I donât make it, how am I going to encourage other women? I had to do it. I have to reach the top. I was very clear about that.â
âOn Mt. Everest, I was not Samina Baig, I was representing Pakistani women. I was thinking that if I donât make it, how am I going to encourage other women? I had to do it. I have to reach the top. I was very clear about that.â On May 19, 2013, at 7:40 a.m., Samina Baig stood on top of the world, Mount Everest. She achieved that along with less than 400 women from around the globe, of various ages, nationalities and socio-economic background. She grew up in a one-room house with no electricity, indoor plumbing or telephone. Her family used firewood for cooking and heating. Despite the modest beginning, Saminaâs parents, a farmer and a homemaker, ensured the education of their four children. Saminaâs family has been supportive of her achievements as a climber and this has greatly facilitated her achievements so far. Therefore, Samina hopes that other families in Pakistan will change their views of what women are capable of. âThey should let their daughters achieve their dreams, whether it is mountain climbing or
Credits: Mirza Ali
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Credits: Mirza Ali
PAKISTAN
Samina climbed Mt. Everest with the goal of drawing attention to the need of gender equality in Pakistan, and other developing nations. Credits: Mirza Ali
any other sport. They should motivate them and become their support system.â
âThey should let their daughters achieve their dreams, whether it is mountain climbing or any other sport. They should motivate them and become their support system.â She hopes that the families will understand that the contribution of women is important and can be more powerful for building a greater country. Mountain climbing is rooted in the history, geography and culture of people living in Hunza and Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan but many cannot afford this expensive and demanding sport. Pakistan offers many mountaineering opportunities however there is a lack of organized climbing support on a national level to promote secure climbing. This is the environment, in which Samina grew upâsurrounded by mountains and feeling respect to them but with no professional preparation to climb them.
IN THE NEED OF HELPING OTHER WOMEN
Samina Baig hopes that her achievements will inspire the millions of women in Pakistan.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Samina climbs and works with her brother, Mirza Ali Baig, who supports her activities and her philosophy. They together set up an organization called Pakistan Youth Outreach. One of their projects was to make a
JANUARY 2016 // 24
PAKISTAN
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
documentary on 10 female high school students who conquered the summit of a 8,400-metre peak. This was the first ever expedition of any young women to ascent the mountain, which was at the end a success story showing the young womenâs strength and determination. The mountain was renamed to Samina Peak in her honor after the excursion. Pakistan Youth Outreach has also undertaken a long-term program with a goal to educate youth at grassroots level about mountain adventure, trekking adventure, and wilderness, which includes education about environment and the effects of global warming. The target groups are students of schools, colleges and universities to promote gender equality and women empowerment. This stands in line with the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for women and youth to promote gender equality and education on its agenda. Along with climbing, Samina wants to continue her studies of womenâs rights to assist women from all over the world in their struggles.
Samina Baig and Mirza Ali were honoured by Jamati and AKDN leaders at a reception held upon their return to Pakistan. Credits: Courtesy of the Ismaili Council for Pakistan
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25 // JANUARY 2016
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
JAPANESE PROFILE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Sawako Nevin started a girls education promotion project âSend Your Girls to Schoolâ.
SAWAKO NEVIN
WORKING TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN MALAWI
ãã©ãŠã€ã®å äŸãã¡ã®ç 掻 åäžã«åãçµã Sawako Nevin accompanies her husband Michael Nevin, a British diplomat, in his post to Malawi. She undertakes many activities in order to promote national development.
ãµã¯ã³ã»ããã³æ°ã¯å€«ã®ãã€ã±ã«ã»ã ãã³é§ãã©ãŠã€è±åœé«çåŒåå®ã®èµŽ ä»»ã«åè¡ãåœå®¶éçºãä¿é²ãããã ã«å€ãã®æŽ»åã«åãçµãã§ããã You have been assisting projects under JOCA in Malawi where the main goal is to help countries to cultivate their own human resources to promote national development. Can you tell us more about your work with them? When I came back to Malawi in September 2012, JOCA (Japan Overseas Cooperative Association) was looking for someone to help launch their school feeding project in Mzimba South, which is a 4-hour drive to the north from Lilongwe (the capital of Malawi) where I stay. I used to work at JICA
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(Japan International Cooperation Agency) in Malawi so I was interested in JOCAâs work. My first task was to get the MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) signed by the Malawian Ministry of Education. It took me four months to achieve it. Yes, things move very slowly here. By that time I only had five months to do all the preparation work in order to start the programme on schedule. Applying for a licence to import rice flour from Japan, selecting a school to support, briefing the community on the project, getting the school to build a kitchen, setting up a Food Committee, allocating jobs to its members, organising a launch ceremony, etc. It was a busy and sometimes very frustrating time with many sleepless nights but I still enjoyed watching the project gradually taking shape. On the first day of feeding in October 2013, when I saw a child receiving the very first cup of porridge, my eyes were tearing up with joy. The project is now supervised by my colleagues who are trying to extend agricultural skills to the community so the community can support the feeding programme through providing maize, soya and vegetables. We are hoping that the community will eventually be selfsufficient and able to feed their children at school with their local products.
You are a director of âSeibo Japanâ. Where did the idea of creating this NPO come from? Can you tell us more about the NPO? The idea of launching NPO in Japan came from Tony Smith, who used to be the Chairman of Maryâs Meals. Maryâs Meals is a charity organization, which runs school feeding programmes for underprivileged children all over the world. I met Tony in Malawi through work when he had just decided to set up NPO in Tokyo. He was looking for a name for the NPO, which can relate to the Virgin Mary as in Maryâs Meals. When I suggested âSeiboâ (name of my primary school in Osaka), Tony immediately liked it. So Iâm a godmother of Seibo Japan! Seibo Japan is run by my colleagues Declan Sommers and Akiko Hirosawa who are very passionate about helping Malawian children in need. They have just launched their first fundraising campaign using the popular Japanese crowdfunding website (www.readyfor.jp/ projects/SayBo).The campaign focuses on building feeding shelters and providing Likuni Phala (corn & soya blend to make porridge) to feed over 750 children in nursery schools in Malawi. This campaign will cover 30 nurseries in partnership with the Mother Teresa Childrenâs
JANUARY 2016 // 26
SAWAKO NEVIN
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Centre. Seibo is currently introducing some of the beneficiary nurseries on their Facebook Page (facebook.com/seibojapan). You will be surprised to know that as little as 60 yen can provide a child with a school meal. You are actively involved in other projects in Malawi such as âSend your girl to schoolâor protection and conservation of wild life parks. How does your position as the wife of British Commissioner help you to fulfil your own goals and ambitions? âSend Your Girls to Schoolâ is my own campaignâs song project to promote girls education. The song is called âMsungwana Shaina (Girl, Shine)â, which I made with Malawiâs superstar Lucius Banda. I discovered through my work with JOCA that there is a group of women in villages who discourage their girls from going to school when they turn 8-9 years old and instead getting them ready for marriage. Girlsâ parents look for a wealthy older husband and receive money in exchange for the young brides. Girlsâ early marriage is a serious problem in Malawi causing a high dropout rate from school, teenage pregnancy, severe poverty for women, and, at the national level, the rapid increase in population, which is hindering economic growth. The song tries to change older generationâs traditional mind-set against educating girls. It goes âGirls can do lots more than house chores, Send your girls to school, Give them time to grow, Give them time to think whatâs best for them, Let your girls shine. For the bright future of girls, for the bright future of Malawiâ. The song is now played by UN agencies including UNICEF and UN Women. Whenever they have girlsâ empowerment activities, and the message is spreading. Please watch the music video on YouTube âmsungwana shainaâ. Another project I started here is a fundraising âLilongwe Dream Dinnerâ to support a local NGO Girls Empowerment Network (GENET). GENET tries to empower girls through a variety of projects including a âreusable sanitary padsâ initiative. Most of the girls canât go to school whenever they menstruating just because they donât have sanitary pads. This is one of the factors leading to girlsâ high dropout rates. GENET distributes a set of handmade washable sanitary pads to adolescent girls so they can go to school during the period. In order to draw peopleâs attention to this important issue, I wanted to organise a fundraising dinner. We donât have many good restaurants here and therefore ambassadorsâ residences are said to serve the best food in town. I spoke to four ambassadors, including my husband, and got their chefs to cook a course to make a nice four-course dinner. The first âDream Dinnerâ took place at our residence in October 2015 with a starter course (sushi) cooked by the Japanese Ambassadorâs chef, a fish course by Norwegian, a meat course by British and a dessert by American. It turned out to a big success. We raised US$4,600, which is enough to provide 500 girls with a set of pads and a hygiene training session. Iâm planning to organise âDream Dinner 2â in 2016 so we can help more girls.
27 // JANUARY 2016
Sawako with her husband Michael (left) and Malawiâs No 1 musician Lucius Banda (middle).
Along with promotion of girlsâ education, animal protection has always been my personal priority in Malawi. I recently started working as a volunteer at Lilongwe Wildlife Trust in Malawi to help with their antipoaching projects. Along with promotion of girlsâ education, animal protection has always been my personal priority in Malawi. I recently started working as a volunteer at Lilongwe Wildlife Trust in Malawi to help with their anti-poaching projects. Poaching of elephants and illegal ivory trade are big problems in Malawi, which relies on wildlife tourism for its development. 20,000 elephants are illegally killed for their ivory every year. At this rate, elephants will go extinct within 20 years. The project is currently focusing on raising awareness about wildlife crime among the Chinese community in Malawi, in cooperation with the Chinese Embassy. It will eventually involve all Lilongwe-based Ambassadors as the Chinese ivory market is only one of many ivory markets all around the world. This is my husbandâs first time to be the British High Commissioner in Malawi. At the beginning, I was very reluctant to use my position as âthe High Commissionerâs wifeâ to get things done because I didnât want to take a âhey, who do you think I am?â kind of attitude.
But I gradually came to think that itâs ok to use whatever Iâve got if itâs for a good cause. My status helped me a lot by giving me automatic credibility especially when I was calling on companies to ask for their sponsorship to support my projects. So, Iâll keep using my title for the welfare of girls and animals! Who is/was your role model? All the female newsreaders on NHK in 1960s/70s. As a child, I admired their intelligence, calmness, dignity and elegance. And my mum for her sense of humour! As a Japanese-international woman would you have some advice to other Japanese women who wish to follow your path? Have faith in yourself and be strong! But donât forget your Japanese femininity. Itâs a natural gift in you.
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SAWAKO NEVIN
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ãŸãè³é調é掻åãšããŠã ããªãã³ã°ã§ã»ããªãŒã ã ã£ããŒã ãå§ããŸããã ããã¯æ§ã ãªãããžã§ã¯ãã éããŠå¥³åã®å°äœåäžãç®æãå°å ã®NGOã Girls Empowerment Network (GENET)ã® ãæŽã£ãŠäœ¿ ããççãããã³ã»ããé åžã ãããžã§ã¯ããæ¯æŽã ãããã®äŒç»ã§ãã ãã©ãŠã€ã®æèœéšã«äœã倧åã® æš¡ç¯ã«ãããŠãã人ãããŸããã ãŸãããã€ãŠãã 女ã®åãã¡ã¯ã ççãããã³ããªãããã«ççäžã¯ åŠæ ¡ã«è¡ããã ããã女åçåŸã®é«ãäžéçã®å€§ã ã£ããããŸãããã ãªçç±ã®ã²ãšã€ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã GENETã¯æäœãã® ãããã³ã®ã»ãããã 女åçåŸã«è¡çæè²ãæœã㪠ïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹Žä»£åŸåããïŒïŒå¹Žä»£ã«æŽ»èºãããNHK ã®å¥³æ§ã¢ããŠã³ãµãŒã®çããã ãã®ç¥æ§ãå·éãã ããé åžããŠããŸãã ãã®çŽ æŽããããããžã§ã¯ãã åšå³ãåªé ãã¯ãåäŸå¿ã«ãçŽ æŽããããšæããŸã åºãç¥ã£ãŠãããããã è³é調éã®ã€ãã³ãã¯ã éåžž ãã ãããŠãç§ã®æ¯ããã¯ãŠãŒã¢ã¢ç²Ÿç¥ã®å€§åãã ãšã¯å°ãéãã趣åãåããããã®ã«ããããšèã ç¿ããŸããã ãŸããã ãªãã³ã°ã§ã«ã¯åœéã¬ãã«ã®ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ã㪠ãã ååœå€§äœ¿é€šã§æäŸããããæçãæé«ã¬ãã«ãš ããããŠããŸãã ããã§ã ç§ã®å€«ãå«ãïŒåã®å€§äœ¿ã« åœéçã«æŽ»èºããæ¥æ¬äººå¥³æ§ãšããŠããªãã®çã äŸé Œãã ããããã®ã·ã§ãã«ïŒã³ãŒã¹ãã€ã ããã㊠ïŒã³ãŒã¹ã®ãã£ããŒãäœã£ãŠãããããšã«ããŸããã æ¹ã«å ±é³Žããã»ãã®æ¥æ¬äººå¥³æ§ã«äœãã¢ããã€ã¹ ãããã°ã ãé¡ãããŸãã åèãæ¥æ¬å€§äœ¿ã®ã·ã§ããïŒããã¯æ¥æ¬ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ ã®ãªãåœå°ã§ç¹ã«æ³šç®ã®çã§ããïŒ ã éã³ãŒã¹ããã« ã§ãæ¥æ¬ ãŠã§ãŒå€§äœ¿ã·ã§ãã ã¡ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãè±åœå€§äœ¿ã·ã§ãã èªåãä¿¡ããŠãå匷ãåé²ããŠãã ããã 女æ§ç¹æã®ããããã ãã现ããæ°é£ãã¯å¿ãã ãããŠãã¶ãŒããã¢ã¡ãªã«å€§äœ¿ã·ã§ããæ åœã ãã®äŒ ã«ã倧åã«ããã貎éãªè³è³ªã ãšæããŸãã ç»ã¯è©±é¡ãšãªãã ãã±ããã«ãã£ã³ã»ã«åŸ ã¡ãã§ãã
JANUARY 2016 // 28
9 WOMEN
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
AROUND THE WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE A WOMAN?
Women from different parts of the world, with a different professions and different experiences answer the same question: what does it mean for them to be a woman?
3- CINTIA GODOY REPORTER, BRAZIL
ç°ãªãè·æ¥ãç°ãªãçµéšãæã€äžçã®ç°ãªãå°åã®å¥³æ§ãã¡ãåã質åã«çããïŒ å¥³æ§ã§ããããšã®æå³ã¯ïŒ 1- GABRIELE VOGT PROFESSOR, GERMANY
2. AKEMI SHIMOMURA ENTREPRENEUR, JAPAN
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omen are merciful human beings. They raise children with loving care. It was believed that women should stay at home caring for children. Therefore, their area of activity was limited to home and nothing beyond. However, women in fact are âdiving into the blue oceanâ, in other words they operate in a bigger field, the area of wider opportunities and potentials. If women take an active role, the world will be filled with love and peace.
I
n the late 1990s, when I was doing fieldwork for my PhD in Okinawa, I interviewed many of the local activists, and asked them why they got engaged in the anti-militarism movement. The most striking answer came from a 60-something female activist who said, âbecause womenâs rights are human rights, tooâ. Sheâs so right! Women are human, and we should be treated like that. Any kind of prevailing structural or ideological barriers to women empowerment are outdated and outrageous. Why? Because itâs 2016!
1
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29 // JANUARY 2016
女
æ§ãšã¯æ æ²æ·±ã人éã§ããææ ãæã£ãŠå äŸãè²ãŠãŸãã ãã€ãŠå¥³æ§ã¯åè²ãŠã®ãã 家ã«ããã¹ãã§ãããšæãããŠããŸããã ãã®ãã女æ§ã®æŽ»åç¯å²ã¯å®¶åºã«éããã家åºã® å€ã«ã¯äœããããŸããã§ããã ãããã女æ§ã¯ä»ã倧海åã«é£ã³èŸŒãã§ããŸãããå¥ ã®èšèã§èšãã°ãè¡åç¯å²ããã£ãšåºããªã£ãŠããã ã€ãŸãã ãã£ãšåºç¯ãªæ©äŒãšããã³ã·ã£ã«ã®ããå éã§æŽ»èºããŠããŸãã女æ§ãç©æ¥µçãªåœ¹å²ãæŒãã ã°ãäžçã¯æãšå¹³åã«æºããããããšã§ãããã
T
o be a woman is to be a survivor. In Brazil and in other countries women live in fear: fear of the violence, of being disrespected, of having their freedom restricted or their voices silenced. Is it to work hard and be paid less? Is it not to have the same rights? The same recognition for our achievements? We fight and we struggle! And we are getting there! In the 21st century women are chosen as Presidents, Nobel Prize winners, chairwomen for the very first time. But we will keep shouting until equality is achieved. We are survivors and we will resist, as Malala and many others keep fighting for.
女
æ§ã§ããããšã¯çåè ã«ãªãããšã§ãã ã ã©ãžã«ãä»ã®åœã§ã¯å¥³æ§ã¯ææãšãšãã« çããŠããŸããæŽåãžã®ææã軜èŠããã ææã èªç±ãæå§ãããããèšè«ãå°ããããææ ã§ããæžåœã«åããŠãè³éã¯äœãã®ã§ããããã åã æš©å©ãæã£ãŠããªãã®ã§ãããããææãåºããŠã åãè©äŸ¡ãåŸãããã®ã§ããããã ãšãã«æŠãã ãšã ã«ããã°ããŸãããã ãããŠéæã§ãïŒ 21äžçŽã«å¥³æ§ã¯å€§çµ±é ã«éžã°ããŸãã女æ§ã¯ã㌠ãã«è³ãåè³ãã女æ§ã®äŒé·ãåããŠèªçããŸãã ããããå¹³çãå®çŸãããŸã§å«ã³ç¶ããŸããçãæ® ãã®ã¯ãããã女æ§ã§ãããæµæãç¶ããŸãã人暩 掻å家ã®ãã©ã©ããæŠãç¶ããããã«ïŒ
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
9 WOMEN
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女æ§ã§ããã ãšã®æå³ãšã¯ïŒ 4. YASMINE MOUSSA AHMED WIFE OF THE AMBASSADOR, DJIBOUTI
WORLD
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6- EVELYN CLEMENTE SOLAR ENGINEER, PHILIPPINES Paintings: Jasmine Fulford
5. WAHIBA ARRES MISS TUNISIA 2014
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omen and men ought to share the same rights and obligations to the society, which they belong to: humankind. Woman was not created to entertain man. It is probably the opposite. For me to be a woman is like being a multitude of persons all at once and I am not implying that she is schizophrenic, but rather that she naturally enjoys the strength to generate the power, to excel each day, and to carry out all the tasks she faces. The same strength allows her to recover and reboot in case of failure. Today, there is an emerging image of a stronger woman who is no longer subject to man. We must recognize a unique womenâs quality as someone being entirely devoted to those she loves and making compromise to sacrifice her own life to ensure their well-being. Finally, I would say that the decisive criterion for defining a woman is simply and humbly to be a woman.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
I
B
eing a woman for me means being free to fulfil my dreams. As a Muslim woman I want to represent the beauty of my country through the beauty contest. I want people from around the world to understand that Muslim women should not be bounded by any limitations. Every woman has a mission. Mine is to see a young generation educated with a respect for nature. For that, I established an association in Tunisia focusing on environmental issues. I look forward to a bright future.
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am not just a woman or a grandmother or a mother. I am a solar engineer. What men can do, I can do, and do it even better. The greatest achievement for me was that we (women) learned to make solar lanterns. It makes me proud as a woman and as an Aeta (ethnic group) to have achieved this and became at par with the rest of the world. If there are ever funds, we want to improve on what we learned and teach other mothers.
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7- ZDENKA DEMUS DIRECTOR OF FINANCE, FLORIDA
T
o me being a woman means to have the privilege to be a motherâthe greatest mission in my life. Women-mothers get to have this bond from giving birth that
JANUARY 2016 // 30
9 WOMEN
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
cannot be described with words. I love every moment of it. Being a woman also means to have an opportunity to exceed otherâs expectations, while being often underestimated by men.
女
æ§ã§ããããšã®æå³ã§ããã ãã®åãã«ç ããã®ã¯éåžžã«é£ããã§ããã女æ§ã®æ³åŸ 家ã«ã©ãããã°ãªããããšã®åãã«çãã ã®ãšåããããªãã®ã§ãã女æ§ãèªèº«ã«èª²ãããã ã¹ãŠã®åœ¹å²ãåæã«ããŸãããªãã«ã¯ãäžå®ã®æè¡ ããæéã®ãããã管çæ¹æ³ãå¿èã身ã«ã€ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã女æ§ã«ã¯å³ãããæ±ãããã圹å²ã ããã«å€ãã®ãã«æ°ä»ããæãç§ã¯ç確ãªçãã ãã°ããåãããŸããã§ããããã®çãã¯æ±äº¬ã§èŠ ã€ããŸãããããæ¥æ¬å¥³æ§ã«åºäŒã£ãã®ã§ããã圌 女ã¯æ³åŸå®¶ã§5人ã®åäŸã®æ¯èŠªã§ããããŸããã圌 女ã¯æã¡åã®è¯ã®åŒ·ããçãããŠã課ããããã¹ãŠ ã®åœ¹å²ãå®ç§ã«ããªãããšãã§ããŸãããå€åã女 æ§ã§ããããšã¯ã ãã®ããã«ä¿¡ããããªãå ãªã匷 ããçºèŠããããšã§ãã
9- HEATHER SUTHERLAND WADE FINE ARTIST, GRAPHIC DESIGNER, JAMAICA
女
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W
ith the election of Sirimavo Bandaranaike in 1960, Sri Lanka became the first country in the history of the modern world to elect a female head of government. It took another 20 years before the Western world saw its first female prime minister with the United Kingdomâs Margaret Thatcher.
FROM AROUND THE WORLD
I
31 // JANUARY 2016
Credits: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
NEWS
cherish having the privilege of choice. Not all women have this. The choices made as a young girl have enhanced the quality of life I have been able to enjoy. Being a woman means I have the God given responsibility and opportunity to impact the life of my husband and children in a positive way. The opportunity to combine the career of a family and my career in Advertising and Fine Art in my space, my home was ideal. As a woman I have had the freedom to pursue the purpose for which I was created without feeling there were any restrictions. This has been enhanced by that being a shared desire of my husband as well.
I
Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon, with Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi at Parliament House, India, April 14, 1976.
In all, more than 50 countries have chosen a female head of state or government at some point in their history; Switzerland has had five female presidents, more than any other country.
8- ALEKSANDRA HAVOK LAWYER, POLAND
t is very difficult to answer this question about what itâs like to be a woman lawyer. To successfully combine all the roles assigned to a woman, she needs to be equipped with a set of certain skills, excellent time management and patience. For a while I did not know the right answer to the question regarding how a woman can find herself in so many demanding roles in her life. I found the answer here in Tokyo. I met a Japanese lady, a lawyer, and a mother of five children, who thanks to her personal strength, could perfectly combine all these imposed roles. Perhaps being a woman is discovering this incredible inner strength.
DID YOU KNOW?
äžçã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ 1- TAIWAN
Taiwan elected the first female President. Tsai Ing-wen, 59, leads the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP).
å°æ¹Ÿç·çµ±éžã§åã®å¥³æ§ç·çµ±ãéå æ° é²å ã®è¡è±ææ° ïŒ59ïŒ ãå§åã 2- INDIA
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Mumbai started a pink autorickshaw initiative with women drivers for women only. The intention is to increase their safety on the streets. ã ã³ãã€ã§å¥³æ§é転æã«ãã女æ§ã®ä¹å®¢å°çš ã®ãã³ã¯è²ã®ãªãŒããªã¯ã·ã£ãŒïŒååæ©ä»ã äžèŒªã¿ã¯ã·ãŒïŒéåå§ãŸãïŒè¡è·¯ã§ã®å®å šå äžã®ããã
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
REGIONAL JAPAN
YAMAGATA
THE VOICE OF EXPERIENCE
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WORDS: ADAM FULFORD
PAINTINGS: JASMINE FULFORD åã©ããã¡ã¯äžåŠæ ¡ã«ããããšã 家ããé¢ããŠå¯å®¿è ç掻ãããŸããã äžåŠæ ¡ã¯å®¶ãã10km以äžé¢ããŠã ãŸãããã 家ãæãããŠã 家æãšäžæ©éããããã«ã å¬ ã¯éªã®äžãããããã¯ããŠã å±±ã3ã€è¶ã4ïœ5æéã ããŠæ©ããŠå®¶ã«åž°ããŸããã äŸãåã©ããè«åçã«ã ãããããªããšããã£ãŠããææ¥è»ã¯æ¥ãŸããã ãè¿ æãããéãŸã£ãŠã ããã«ç æ°ã®åã©ããã®ããŠãç é¢ãŸã§éãã§ãããããªç掻ã§ããã
ntil well after the Second World War, life was very tough for many people in the Japanese countryside.
In the part of regional Japan I know best, a mountainous area in rural Yamagata, as soon as the harvest was completed in autumn, thoughts would turn to the onset of a bitter winter. An intense period of preparation would ensue, as households made sure they had sufficient food and fuel to last the whole family untli spring. And when winter cameâin a location where itâs not unusual for four metres of snow to build upâchildren too would be expected to do their bit by getting up on the roof to remove accumulated snow. Even the youngest members of the family would be assigned chores and it went without saying that they would be expected to do them.
manual work. Roads were built, and motor vehicles reached remote communities for the first time. Electricity spread. More homes started to accumulate the items known back then as the Three Sacred Nonetheless, countries everywhere focus on Treasures: TV, fridge and washing machine. studying English, a language with the image of The more convenient life became, the more being highly versatile. In reality, the majority radically it was transformed. Those roads werenât of people visiting Japan include more than just simply a way for vehicles to get in; they were a English speakers, but from a variety of linguistic way to get out. People went and never came back. and cultural backgrounds. Yet, in Japan Community bonds weakened. Customs only the study of English is promoted. were neglected. The hills became Letâs take a look at how language overgrown and inaccessible. The SCAN QR CODE is used by visitors to Japan. old ways were forgotten. QRã³ãŒããèªã¿èŸŒã Some middle-school children would live in dormitories. But not by everyone. Each Scan this QR code to access the For some, the junior-high video. If your smartphone does of the portraits you see with school was 10 km or more not have a reader, download a QR code offers access to one at get.neoreader.com. from home, but they would stories about the old days, ãããªã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããã«ã¯ãã®QRã³ãŒ miss their families so badly ããã¹ãã£ã³ããŠäžããã ã¹ããã«ã³ãŒ about connection, and about that once in a while they ããªãŒããŒããªãå Žåã loss. Today, conveniently, ã¢ããªãget.neoreader.com would slog through the snow a QR code reader will give ããããŠã³ããŒãããŠäžããã for four or five hours, battling up you access to these people I and down three mountains just to have spoken with in the Japanese spend an evening at home. countryside. Next time, though, why not put down your smartphone? Weâll go to Yamagata If a boy or girl had the misfortune to come down and listen to the voice of experience together. with appendicitis, there was no ambulance to call. Groups of friends might pull the ailing child on a sledge to a distant hospital. When the warmer months came, people would go into the surrounding hills and come back with loads of sticks and other vegetation, fuel for home and livestock. Cows and horses were not just beasts of burden but a source of fertilizer. When the weather got hotter, weeds would sprout in the paddies. Before the days of herbicide, theyâd push weeding devices or pull weeds by hand. Backbreaking work, and snakes to contend with, too. In August, horse flies and other vicious insects would proliferate. But still you were out in the fields, sweating to get the food needed for the cold months ahead. The 1950s and â60s brought wrenching change. Fertilizers, pesticides and machines helped to break the chains of enslavement to
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
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JANUARY 2016 // 32
KYOKO SPECTOR
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
but you need to be careful about not giving up before. This also means that you have to be willing to accept some reasonable amount of risk. I continue working to maintain my will to achieve my goals every day. You are keeping very active contact with the diplomatic corps and international community in Japan. How does this help you to develop a stronger foundation for your business? Without a doubt, over the past 25 years I have had countless opportunities to meet diplomats and dignitaries from Japan and other countries. Currently, I am privileged to serve as an Honorary Consul of Albania in Japan. When meeting people, I always try to think first about how I might be helpful to whomever I am speaking with. My approach is to engage with people to see what we might have in common. It is amazing what you can discover this way. Networking is perhaps one of the most important keys to success. I meet many people almost every day, but I have also enjoyed a broad range of acquaintances over the years, from Japanâs Imperial family and other royal families to diplomats and parliamentarians, as well as people in TV, newspaper, and magazine media.
Since 2015 Kyoko Spector has served as Honorary Consul of Albania to Japan.
KYOKO SPECTOR
GIVES HER ADVICES ON HOW TO BE BOTH A SUCCESSFUL WOMAN AND ENTREPRENEUR
京åã¹ãã¯ã¿ãŒãããã¢ããã€ã¹ïŒå¥³æ§ãšããŠæåãã åæã«èµ·æ¥å®¶ã«ãªãã«ã¯ã©ããã
Her days are full of activity; in addition to being a TV personality, a producer, an advocate for many causes, a wife, Kyoko Spector is also Honorary Consul of Albania since 2015. Always busy, actively attending official functions, charity events, work meetings, Kyoko Spector takes to heart everything she undertakes.
京åã¹ãã¯ã¿ãŒããã®ã¿ã£ã¡ãäºå®ã®è©°ãŸã£ ãæ¯æ¥ãTVã®ããŒãœããªãã£ã ãããã¥ãŒãµãŒ ã ãã§ãªããå€ãã®ç€ŸäŒåé¡ã®è§£æ±ºã蚎ãç¶ã ãŠããã劻ã§ãããããããŠ2015幎以æ¥ãåšæ¥ã¢ ã«ããã¢å€§äœ¿é€šã®åèªé äºãåããã å ¬çãªè·åããã£ãªãã£ãŒã€ãã³ããä»äºã®äŒ è°ãªã©ãããªãå€å¿ãªæ¥ã ãææããããšã¯ã ã¹ãŠæ¬æ°ã§ã
33 // JANUARY 2016
You are a real example of a successful business woman in Japan. Can you give us some tips on how to be both a successful woman and entrepreneur? I have never thought about a success simply because you are a woman or a man, and I donât see any reason to think in this gender category. This is not to say that men and women approach their careers and undertake their lifestyle choices in exactly the same way. Sometimes I feel that because I am a woman, I am able to develop a project and effectively implement from my-female perspective. As the French say, âVive la differenceâ! I know that there are always some obstacles on a way to achieving my goals. But then I am not giving up or loosing sight of my objectives on the way to accomplishing them. This does not mean that every idea is a winner,
Networking is all about building relationships with individuals. I suppose that by now I have built quite an extensive network. It is a constant education for me to meet new people because those I meet are often leaders. I also try to do my small part in terms of international diplomacy by telling people about the wonderful country as is Albania. Hence, rather than thinking about how my own business will benefit after meeting with diplomats, my attempt is to engage Albania in variety of discussion whether is in private conversation or through media. If you had the opportunity to speak out to all women around the world, what would your message be? I think to have a confidence is a key to achieve personal goals. At the same time, you must live your life keeping in mind what life is all about. Maintaining a proper work/life balance is very important. Just being alive is a great blessing, which we must share with family, friends, and colleagues. What I am trying to say is that sharing is important. Giving or receiving advices, passing on information, or just staying in touch will make everybody happy. As an internationalized Japanese woman, do you have any advice for other Japanese women who wish to follow in your footsteps?
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
KYOKO SPECTOR
The number of female executives, politicians, or other professionals in Japan used to be almost zero, but my impression is that this gradually begins to change for better. The number of female executives, politicians, or other professionals in Japan used to be almost zero, but my impression is that this gradually begins to change for better. Whatever people say about you or your goals, as long as you are doing what is right as you honestly see it, and your plan is solid, people who matter to you will eventually come to appreciate your position. Even if some in Japan donât understand your approach, it doesnât really matter. With so many people in the world, everyoneâs opinion couldnât possibly be the same anyway.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Famous TV personality and producer, Kyoko Spector believes that networking is one of the most important keys to success. ãä»äºãããŠããŸãã 人ã«ãäŒãããæã«ã ãã€ãäžçªã«èããããã«ã ãŠããã®ã¯ã ããããã話ããæ¹ã«ãšã£ãŠã圹ã«ç« ã€ãããªäœãã ãããã¯ã誰ãç§ã¯ç¥ã£ãŠããã ã ããïŒãšããããšã§ããäœãå ±éç¹ã¯ãªãããšãã èŠå°ã§äººãšãä»ãåãããã®ãç§ã®ã¢ãããŒã㧠ãã ãã®ããæ¹ã§çºèŠã§ããããšã£ãŠåããã§ããã ãããã¯ãŒãã³ã°ã¯ããããæåããããã®æãé èŠãªéµã®äžã€ã§ãã ç§ã¯ã»ãŒæ¯æ¥ã®ããã«åããŠã äŒããæ¹ãå«ãå€ãã®æ¹ã ã«ãäŒããããã ããŸã ãŸãªæ¹ã ãšã®é·å¹Žã«ããããä»ãåãããããŠã ãã ããŠããŸãããã®äžã«ã¯æ¥æ¬ã®ç宀ãä»åœã® ç宀ã®æ¹ã ãå€äº€å®ãåœäŒè°å¡ã ãããŠã ãã¬ããæ° èã éèªã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ã®æ¹ã ãããã£ããããŸãã ãããã¯ãŒãã³ã°ãšã¯åã ã®æ¹ã ãšé¢ä¿ãç¯ãã ãšã§ããç§ã¯ãããŸã§ã«åºç¯å²ã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã ç¯ãããããšæããŸãã人ã«åããŠãäŒãããã ãšã¯ç§ã«ãšã£ãŠåžžã«å匷ã«ãªããŸãããªããªãã ç§ããäŒãããã®ã¯ãã°ãã°ãããŸããŸãªåé ãæå 端ã®ç 究éçºã®æå°çãªæ¹ã ã§ããã ãã§ãããŸãç§ã¯ãåœéçãªããŒãœãã«ãã£ãã ãã·ãŒïŒå人å€äº€ïŒã®èŠå°ãããèªåãåèªé äº ãåããŠããçŽ æŽãããåœã«ã€ããŠã話ããã ãšã§å°ãã§ãã圹ã«ç«ãŠãããã«åªããŠããŸãã ã€ãŸããå€äº€å®ã«ãäŒããããšãã«ã¯èªåã®ããžã ã¹ã«ã©ããã圱é¿ãããããšããããšãèãããã ããå人çãªäŒè©±ã®äžã§ãã ãããã¯ã ãã¬ããæ° èãéèªã«ãããŸã§çŽ¹ä»ãããŠãããããªååœã® ã¡ãã£ã¢ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒã®äžã§ããç§ããŸãèãã ããã«ããŠããã®ã¯ã¢ã«ããã¢ã®ããšã§ãã
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JANUARY 2016 // 34
CUBA
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Mariela Castro, Director of Cubaâs National Center for Sex Education (CENESEX).
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MARIELA CASTRO
AN ADVOCATE OF GENDER EQUALITY
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Mariela Castro was born on July 27, 1962, to a couple of Cuban revolutionaries: Raul Castro and Vilma Espinâalso a prominent guerrilla who later became president of the Federation of Cuban Women. Mariela bears a close resemblance to her mother Espin by taking over her idea to advance womenâs rights in Cuba and Latin America and by continuing her work. Mariela is also the director of Cubaâs National Center for Sex Education (CENESEX), an institution under the umbrella of the Ministry of Health, and is the countryâs most prominent gender empowerment and gay rights activist.
ããªãšã©ã»ã«ã¹ããã¯1962幎7æ27æ¥ã«ã ãã¥ãŒãé©åœãæå°±ãããã«ããã«ã ã© ãŠã«ã»ã«ã¹ãããšãã«ãã»ãšã¹ãã³ïŒåŸã«ãã¥ãŒã女æ§é£çäŒé·ãåããèå ãªæŽ»å家ã®éã«çãŸãããããªãšã©ã¯ãæ¯ãšã¹ãã³ã®ãã¥ãŒããšã©ãã³ã¢ã¡ãªã« ã®å¥³æ§ã®æš©å©åäžãæ±ããææ³ã ãããŠãæ¯ãåãçµãã éåã®ç¶æ¿ãšããç¹ ã§ãæ¯ãšã¹ãã³ãšå€§ãã«äŒŒãŠãããããªãšã©ã¯ãä¿å¥çã®åäžã®ãã¥ãŒãåœç«æ§ æè²ã»ã³ã¿ãŒ(CENESEX)ã®é€šé·ã§ãããšãšãã«ãç·å¥³åæš©ãšåæ§æè ã®æš©å©ã æè·ãããã¥ãŒãã§æãæåãªæŽ»å家ã§ãããã 35 // JANUARY 2016
Credits: AP
S
he was born into a homophobic society. She admitted that she laughed at gays and made fun of them. But it was only in college in the late 1970s when she opened her eyes to the gay rights movement.
During her teenage years her ideas about LGBT people began to change. She started to observe, to question, and to investigate. But she successfully fought off attempts to have gays expelled for their sexual orientation. Castro has instituted awareness campaigns, trained police on relations with the LGBT community and lobbied lawmakers to legalize same-sex unions. She was elected as a deputy in Cubaâs Parliament in February 2013. Mariela has become the first person to vote âNoâ in Cubaâs National Assembly, over a lack of protections for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) workers in a parliamentary bill. She has lobbied for years for her fatherâs government to legalize same-sex marriage, something he has not done yet. So, she has been pushing for reforms. Last year, for example, as a member of parliament, she voted against a workersâ rights bill that she felt didnât go far enough to prevent discrimination against people with HIV or
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WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
with unconventional gender identities. In 2005, she advocated for allowing transgender people to have gender reassignment surgery and change their legal gender. Over the past decade sheâs campaigned against homophobia, with remarkable results. Outspoken and selfconfident, today she meets regularly with visiting dignitaries, including a delegation of U.S. women, and travels the world to talk about gay rights and gender equality. Mariela Castro, by virtue of her name and her work for the rights of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender Cubans, has become a spokeswoman in Cuba and internationally: a voice of the new revolutionary generation.
Mariela Castro, by virtue of her name and her work for the rights of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender Cubans, has become a spokeswoman in Cuba and internationally: a voice of the new revolutionary generation.
men by doing the same job. Women in many cases are forced to choose between death and jail when they need to terminate an unwanted pregnancy. That situation, in her opinion, shows the permanent patriarchal domination that does not recognize womenâs fundamental right to decide over their own lives. She argues that women are no longer willing to be condemned to death by burning at the stake for heresy and witchcraft, using euphemisms of contemporary language expressed in laws and policies that violate our rights and undermine the social transformation processes. In order to change womenâs condition, we must change menâs because gender is a relative category. Both women and men should benefit from educational actions that break apart the dominant mechanisms that resist change. Mariela, therefore, calls for a new policy, which establishes new values for the change in the intergender and intergenerational power relationships that concerns the family, women, girls, and young peopleâs human rights.
Mariela recognizes many forms of discrimination in Cubaâagainst women, against people of color. She admits that she is working on this type of discrimination. âWhen I challenge this and people realize you are wrong, it makes you question all the types of discrimination that you do.â
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Mariela advocates gender equality and, in particular, women empowerment as a must in achieving sustainable development in the international economic relations.
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Mariela advocates gender equality and, in particular, women empowerment as a must in achieving sustainable development in international economic relations. This cannot be achieved without a real political will directed to put an end to the deep gaps between rich and poor countries, if the existing gaps within each nation are not eliminated, if there is not an agreed action to eradicate poverty that mainly affects women, young people and other vulnerable groups.Womenâs equality must be acknowledged as a fundamental human rights. The rights to live without exclusion, to health services and to free education are essential conditions for development. Otherwise, in her opinion, it cannot be considered a right. A comprehensive sexual education is a resource for the full emancipation of the human being that contributes to their formation as individuals. Therefore, it must be inclusive. In the 21st century women rights continue to be violated and so far no speeches, conventions, and international consensus are effective. In most countries women receive lower wages than
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JANUARY 2016 // 36
PHILIPPINES
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Philippines has a population of more than 100 million people spread over 7,000 islands, presenting several electricity infrastructure challenges. Currently, the country is facing growing concerns over resource adequacy in its power sector, as the nation is challenged to add supply quickly enough to keep up with growing demand. A persistent power shortage across the Philippines has led to rolling blackouts that cause businesses, consumers, and wageworkers to suffer, especially in rural areas. One of the projects run by Barefoot College facilitated a training in solar engineeringâa skill that is not only sustainable and empowering but actively useful to their communities. This sends a message of support for the sectors of Philippine society that is most affected by social and economic inequity: Indigenous peoples, rural communities, and women. Four women from an Aeta indigenous group in rural Philippines were trained as solar engineers in India. From left to right: Evelyn Clemente, Sharon Flores, Cita Diaz, and Magda Salvador. Credits: Jeannette Andrade
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EMPOWERMENT FOR ALL!
WHEN EDUCATION MEETS INDIGENOUS WOMEN ãã£ãªãã³ã®å äœæ°ã®å¥³æ§ãã¡ãæè²ã«åºäŒã£ãæ Evelyn Clemente, Sharon Flores, Cita Diaz, and Magda Salvadorânow aptly called the âSolar Lolasââare back in the country after attending a six-month training course on solar engineering. Four women from an Aeta indigenous group in rural Philippines were trained as solar engineers in India. This has changed everyday reality in a small village in the Philippines, were these women bring the light to many lives.
ãã£ãªãã³èŸ²æéšã®ã¢ãšã¿å äœæ°ã® 女æ§4人ãã€ã³ãã§ãœãŒã©ãŒã»ãšã³ ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã®ç ä¿®ãåããã圌女 ãã¯ãã£ãªãã³ã®ããå°ããªæèœã§ ã®æ¥ã ã®çŸå®ãäžå€ãããå€ãã®äºº ã®äººçã«æãããç¯ãããšã«ãªã£ã ã®ã§ããã 37 // JANUARY 2016
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velyn Clemente, Sharon Flores, Cita Diaz, and Magda Salvadorânow aptly called the âSolar Lolasââare back in the country after attending a six-month training course on solar engineering.
Barefoot College was founded in 1972 by Sanjit âBunkerâ Roy, one of TIME Magazineâs 100 Most Influential People in 2010. It seeks to teach illiterate and unskilled individuals to make and use technology that can benefit their respective communities. In 40 years, it has already trained more than three million people from rural and depressed areas in developing countries, enabling them to acquire employment opportunities for the modern world. Beyond bringing a sustainable source of energy to their communities, their training has also uplifted the way they look at themselves as indigenous people.
âWeâve changed a lot in the past six months. While we never received an education, through the help of Barefoot College we were able to show people that we can learn and be capable of other things. âWeâve changed a lot in the past six months. While we never received an education, through the help of Barefoot College we were able to show people that we can learn and be capable of other things.
During the training course, the Solar Lolas, who can neither read nor write, learned how to fabricate, install, repair, and maintain solar equipment at Barefoot College in Tilonia, Rajastha, India.
Thanks to the program four Aeta women had spent six months learning to build, maintain, and repair solar-powered lamps as a part of their training for impoverished women.
âAt first, we learned how to make solar charge controllers, solar lanterns, and solar mobile phone chargers. Then, near the end of our training period, we also learned how to make other products like mosquito nets and sanitary napkins,â shared Clemente, 50 years old.
The women, all grandmothers, trained at school that focuses on building sustainable communities by teaching rural women technical skills in areas traditionally dominated by men. These include dentistry, metalworking, and solar engineering, according the schoolâs website.
As the 12th-largest nation in the world, the
On a broader scale, the four women experience
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WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
PHILIPPINES
highlights of a growing global movement to empower womenâparticularly those in developing nations and rural areasâto take on leadership roles and effectively usher in progress. According to the UN Population Fund âGender equality is a precondition for advancing development and reducing poverty,â which leads the UNâs initiatives for healthy and productive lives for women and families. âEmpowered women contribute to the health and productivity of whole families and communities, and they improve prospects for the next generation.â And education does not always have to come in the form of college degrees on fancy paper. Barefoot College, where the women learned their solar engineering skills, boasts of having trained more than 6,500 rural women as midwives, hand-pump mechanics, radio operators, and night school teachers âproviding them with opportunities for employment and improved statuses in their households and communities. In the Philippines, newly trained solar cadre of grandmothers intends to put their new expertise to work.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Solar engineer trainer at the Barefoot college in India. Credits: UN Women/Gaganjit Singh
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JANUARY 2016 // 38
AMA
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
海女
AMAS
æµ·ã«çãã女
WOMEN OF THE SEA
SYMBOL OF WOMENâS INDEPENDENCE AND VIGOR 女æ§ã®èªç«ãšçåœåã®è±¡åŸŽ WORDS - PHOTOGRAPHY: REKO DIDA
Amas, female divers, harvest shellfish and seaweed from the sea floor without any diving equipment. There are still about 2000 ama divers in Japan. Mie prefecture has Japanâs largest population of amas. Most ama divers are over 40 years old. Like many traditional occupations in Japan, it is hereditary. Fishing rights are passed from mother to daughter. More young people gradually get involved.
海女ã¯ã æœæ°Žåšå ·ãäžåã€ããçŽ æœãã§æµ·åºããè²é¡ãæµ·è»ãåç©«ããã æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ä»ãçŽ2,000人ã®æµ·å¥³ã掻èºã ãŠããã äžéçã¯åœå ã§äžçªå€ã海女ãããçã§ããã ã»ãšãã©ã®æµ·å¥³ã¯40æ³ãè¶ ããŠããã å€ãã®äŒçµ±çãªæ¥æ¬ã® è·æ¥ãšåãããã«ã 海女ãäžè¥²å¶ã§ã æŒæ¥æš©ã¯æ¯èŠªããåšã«ç¶æ¿ãããã è¿å¹Žã 海女ã«ãªãè¥ã女æ§ãå¢ããŠããã
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t was August 2015 when we decided to spend some days as a family in Ise. We went there to visit our friends and explore Ise. It was my dream to visit a place I have never been before.
Ise is known by tourists and foreigners for its Ise Jingu. The only thing I can say is that it was quite impressive to visit such a mystical place, one of the true Japanese cultural sites. It was beautiful, magnificent and traditional, despite its slight reconstruction. I think that most foreigners do not know that Ise is also famous for its Mikimoto Pearl Island. You can still see how ama women harvest pearls in a traditional way.
I noticed a small boat with two women dressed in white. I was wondering what they are going to do. They stood up, took a basket tied with a rope to their arms and dived underwater. I did not know much about amas before coming to Ise. Even though it was a rainy day, it did not stop me from exploring amas. I had my Nikon camera. I noticed a small boat with two women dressed all in white. I was wondering what they are going to do. They stood up, took a basket tied with a rope to their arms and dived underwater. While the boat was moving away, the only thing I could see in the surface were their baskets as their bodies slowly disappear underwater. It
39 // JANUARY 2016
Amaâwoman diver.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
AMA
was amazing; it was the sea and the women, no diving gear. The women and the nature. I heard that the amas could hold their breath for 2 minutes, as they dive deep to haul shells. It was unbelievable but real, the diving time was very long. After a while one of them showed up and pointed the freshly caught oyster to me. You could see their names on their diving goggles. One of them was called Nami. The way they dived and communicate with no words was truly mysterious. It made me want to look at that magic moment over and over again.
This shows womenâs strength and their role in society. I thought this would only be happening in Japan. I did not want to leave that place. Many questions came to my mind, but I also received many answers. The first one was, how this tradition among women has developed in a country like Japan? Women physically are more flexible and slender and have less body mass, which allows them to hold their breath for longer than men. They can dive at about 25 meters deep and gather more oysters. This shows womenâs strength and their role in society. I thought this would only be happening in Japan. I also understood that owning a Mikimoto pearl is a dream of every woman.
Amas harvest shellfish and seaweed without any diving equipment.
2
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JANUARY 2016 // 40
SWEDEN
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Swedish Government consists of 24 ministers, 12 female ministers among them. Credits: Martina Huber/Regeringskansliet
THE FIRST FEMINIST GOVERNMENT åã®ç·å¥³åæš©å é£ïŒãã§ããã¹ãã»ã¬ãã¡ã³ãïŒ
JAPAN and the WORLD magazine conducted interview with Sven Ãstberg about the first in the world female government recently established in Sweden.
JAPAN and the WORLDèªã§ã¯ã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã®ã¹ãã³ã»ãªã¹ãããªæ°ã«ã€ã³ã¿ã ã¥ãŒãã ãã®ã»ã©äžçã§åããŠååœã«èªçãããç·å¥³åæš©å é£ã ïŒãã§ããã¹ãã» ã¬ãã¡ã³ãïŒã«ã€ããŠäŒºã£ãã This year Sweden was announced to launch the first feminist government in the world. How would you define âfeminist governmentâ? What does it mean in real words? This is a well thought out idea undertaken by the government. They see gender equality as a fundamental human right that needs to be mainstreamed in all policy areas to boost gender empowerment. The feminist government was elected in October 2014, which initiated what we call a âgender responsive budgetingâ policy and a feminist foreign policy. Gender equality
41 // JANUARY 2016
is a smart way of promoting growth and economic revitalization and employment. So Sweden has put a target of having the lowest unemployment rate in the European Union by 2020. Saying that, gender equality plays a big role in this achievement. According to the 2014 World Economic Forum Global Gender Gap, Sweden is in 4th place (after Iceland, Finland, Norway). What is still to be done to jump into a higher position in the ranking? There is quite a lot to be done in this regard. Sweden has come a long way in some areas in
Sven Ãstberg Counsellor, The Embassy of Sweden in Japan. gender empowerment but we still have lots to do. For that, the government has set up four sub-goals for the next couple of years:
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Equal division of power and influence: To bring gender balance into the business management areas. Women still make up only 29% of board members of listed companies in Sweden. The governmentâs objective is that by 2016 at least 40% of the board members in listed companies should be women. The government has a 50-50 gender balance of ministers. The gender balance in the Parliament is today 44%.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
02
Economic equality: There are more women then men who work part-time in Sweden. In female dominated sectors of the economy, womenâs wages are lower then in male dominated sectors. So the government is planning to reintroduce an annual survey on wage levels to compare facts and figures. It is a big responsibility since the government is not really involved in formulating wage policy because that is done between employers and trade unions. Under economic equality, gender bias is considered to determine social expectations of male and female roles. So to speak, gender division of social roles disturbs reduction of gender bias. The government now promotes a gender-neutral attitude. There is a debate in Sweden regarding our language and how not to differentiate between men and women, in particular. So in Swedish âhanâ is âheâ and âhonâ is âsheâ. But now it is popular to use âhenâ as indicating both genders. It is a gender-neutral world.
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Parental leave: Three parental-leave-months for each parent. Swedish parents are entitled to 480 days of paid parental leave. Of those 90 days are reserved for the dad. Decrease domestic violence against women: The government now allocates more resources to creating womenâs shelter and other forms of support.
Sweden has never had a female Prime Minister. Will new policies introduced by the feminist government attract more women into politics? There are some issues of quite a high drop-out rate of females in local politics. On a municipal level it is very challenging to combine work and family life for women. We do have quite a lot of female party leaders. The biggest opposition party, for example, is now led by a woman. The current governing partyâs president is led by a man but before that it was a woman. So it really depends on the votes in the end. We have a long history with a man in charge of the country and the households, providing for his family. Sweden was one of the first countries to grant women suffrage at national level in 1921. During the 60s with the development of industry, which required both men and women were required to work. We also had very strong womenâs organizations to push politicians to recognize womenâs rights. We also had politicians that took initiatives to promote gender equality. One reform was to introduce individual taxation in the 70s (before that we had family based taxation). That was already a great achievement among other successful stories such as the government put resources to build up the social welfare system, childcare system, elderly care system etc. In addition, parental leave was introduced to facilitate womenâs employment. These were our reforms to change the social gender division.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
ããçµæžçå¹³çã®ããšã§ã®æ§å·®å¥çãªèã ãšã¯ã ç·å¥³ã®åœ¹å²ãšãã瀟äŒçæåŸ ãèšãã ããªãã¡ãæ§å¥ã«ãã瀟äŒç圹å²ã®åæ¥ã¯ã æ§å·®å¥ã®åæžã®åŠšããšãªããæ¿åºã¯çŸåšã ãž ã§ã³ããŒããªãŒïŒæ§ã«ããåºå¥ãããªãïŒ ã®ç« å Žãæšé²ããŠãããç¹ã«ãåœèªã§ç·å¥³ã®åºå¥ ããããåããè°è«ãããŠãããäŸãã°ã ã¹ ãŠã§ãŒãã³èªã® ãhanã 㯠ãhe ïŒåœŒïŒ ã ãæå³ãã ãhonã 㯠ãsheïŒåœŒå¥³ïŒã ãæå³ããããçŸåšã äž¡æ¹ãæå³ãã ãhenã ãäž»æµã ããã¯äžæ§ç ãªåèªã§ããã
Japan is heading toward decreasing the gender gap through the Prime Ministerâs policies (womenomics) and movements (WAW!). What could Japan learn from Sweden to speed up womenâs empowerment? All changes must come from women themselves. It is a struggle, which must be fought by women. Of course men must play a part in the support of the struggle as do representatives of the public and private sectors. Swedish companies, for example, are more and more competitive due to employing females in management positions. Having a female perspective is essential. Why should you exclude 50% of your (female) customers? It makes no economical sense.
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JANUARY 2016 // 42
MIE
INTERNATIONAL JAPAN
INTERVIEW
MIE PREFECTURE GETTING READY FOR G7
G7ã«åããŠæºåäžã®äžéç MR. SUZUKI EIKEI GOVERNOR OF MIE PREFECTURE First of all, what did you hope to achieve by becoming governor of Mie Prefecture?
Security is our top priority, particularly in view of the recent incident in Paris. The government, the police, the Self Defense Forces, and other responsible entities are preparing a security plan.
When I worked at the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, I had the opportunity to serve in a staff position in the Prime Minister`s Official Residence. This was during the first Abe Administration. I witnessed how bureaucrats can impede politiciansâ efforts to achieve their goals. At the same time, some politicians expect the bureaucrats to handle all aspects of policy formation. So the question facing me was: should I become a bureaucrat who is not an impediment to politicians, or become a politician who does not delegate policy formation to the bureaucrats? I decided to quit the ministry and enter politics because I felt it was the quickest way to reach my goals. I subsequently ran for a seat in the House of Representatives, but unfortunately my bid was unsuccessful. After that I returned to Mie Prefecture. As I continued to pursue my goals, I was struck by the fact that Mie Prefecture was not wellknown, both in Japan and internationally. I thought Mie Prefecture needed a higher profile, and I was encouraged by those who knew me to run for the governorship. Iâm now in my second term. The campaign to bring the G7 to Mie reflects my commitment to achieving a higher profile for the prefecture. The G7 summit will be held in the IseShima area in June 2015. Why was IseShima selected to host the summit? The summit will be held in Ise-Shima thanks to Prime Minister Abeâs strong backing of our lobbying campaign, with help from the private sector. Prime Minister Abe is a strong supporter of Japanese traditions and culture and has been a regular visitor to Mie Prefecture over the years. Mr. Abe wants to ensure that Japan presents Asiaâs interests and concerns to the world. His intention is also to share a beauty of Mie prefecture and Ise Shrine, of course - a symbol of Japanâs cultural roots. The prefectural government joined with
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Cyber terrorism is another focus. Weâre holding exercises to guard against malware and cyber attacks, and implementing measures to raise the level of PC security. Accumulated sand is being cleared from rivers to eliminate possible hiding places for destructive devices. Grass and trees along roadways are being cut, and additional lighting and security cameras are being installed along public roads. Mr. Suzuki Eikei Governor of Mie Prefecture. private enterprise and formed an organization to lobby for hosting the summit. We also met with Yoshihide Suga, the Chief Cabinet Secretary, and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Fumio Kishida, to promote the concept.
Raising Mieâs profile is also important. In late October last year, we collaborated with MOFA on presentations to diplomatic missions and foreign economic organizations. Weâre also holding press tours. So far, journalists from 22
What preparations are under way for the summit? What in particular do you regard as important? Security is our top priority, particularly in view of the recent incident in Paris. The government, the police, the Self Defense Forces, and other responsible entities are preparing a security plan. The Paris attacks focused on soft targetsâa theater, cafes, and restaurants. Security at such locations is critical. To achieve this, we established the Mie Partnership for the Prevention of Terrorism, composed of 41 entities including Mie Prefectural Police Headquarters, the prefectural government, and private enterprise. The members are committed to preventing terrorism through joint monitoring of suspicious activity. Local residents are in the best position to note local security problems, such as suspicious vehicles and individuals. Citizens are also contributing in a variety of ways, such as securing construction sites against use as places of concealment for terrorists.
Night scene of Petrochemical complex in Yokkaichi.
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countries have participated. We are also working to place Mie specialties on the menu when foreign leaders and their spouses visit Japan. In April, weâll be holding a junior summit in Kuwana to maximize the current and future benefits of the G7 summit for young people in Mie Prefecture. We are also taking this opportunity to offer programs in international understanding and relations to deepen the ties between local residents and the participating nations. Ninety presentations will be offered for a wide range of entities and organizations, including nursery schools and kindergartens, primary and secondary educational institutions, special needs schools, government and other organizations, and enterprises. We wanted to draw on local residents for our language volunteers. A call for two hundred volunteers drew over a thousand applications, and we are considering how we can make best use of so many volunteers. Infrastructure is another focus. We estimate that a half a million of hotel rooms will be needed during the summit. To meet this demand, weâre looking at creating a centralized hotel reservation center. An inflow of forty to fifty thousand people is expected in the area during summit week. A center for international media representatives will be made available at a prefectural facility. One hundred and forty economic, administrative, cultural, and other organizations are participating in the Ise-Shima Summit Mie Residents Council. In November, the MOFA section responsible for summit preparations began presentations to foreign diplomatic missions. MOFA is acting as principal diplomatic liaison, while the prefecture is coordinating with the Ministry to orient diplomatic personnel when they visit Mie for research and inspections.
Ise Jinguâa Shinto Shrineâin Ise, Mie prefecture has been preserved exactly like it was around 2,000 years ago. Is there a message you are hoping to send through Mieâs hosting of the summit? Is there something specific you want to publicize, or a Mie specialty you plan to promote?
Mieâs Amasâpredominantly female divers who dive for shellfish, seaweed and other marine productsâhave long been a symbol of womenâs independence.
Ise-Shima will be two days and a night event. We therefore hope that members of the international delegations will at least make time to visit Ise Shrine.
Tourism to Toyako (Hokkaido) increased after hosting the summit in 2008, but subsequently fell. How does Mie plan to maintain the summitâs impact on tourism?
Ise Shrine represents a kind of spirituality that transcends race, gender, religion, and age. It is a spirituality of mutual acceptance. I think the path to peace is for non-extremists to practice mutual acceptance of religious and ethnic differences. The shrine has existed for two millennia. By custom, it is partially rebuilt every 20 years. This process of continuing change reflects the eternal meaning of the shrine. To ensure eternal peace and economic growth throughout changing eras, certain things must always be protected, while others must change to reflect changing circumstances. This is an important message and one we hope to convey effectively. Mie Prefecture is also home to Suzuka Circuit and F1 racing, and is a major center for the electronics industry. Tradition and innovation exist side by side in Mie Prefecture. This is another message we are eager to get across. Of course, Matsusaka beef and Ise shrimp are well-known elements of Japanese cuisine that come from Mie. Pearl culture originated in Mie, and we want to communicate its quality as well. I understand that the price of Mie pearls has risen since the decision to host the summit was announced.
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Credits: yasa_
A domestic research organization calculated that over the five-year period following the summit, inbound and so-called MICE (meetings, incentives, conferences, and events) tourism in Mie Prefecture will increase by 110 billion yen. Last year, after the summit was announced, Mieâs year-on-year growth in inbound tourism for the months of July, August, and September was number one, number one, and number two, respectively, among Japanâs prefectures. To maintain this growth, weâre working to enhance WiFi access, increase multilanguage signage, and offer more duty-free outlets. Personnel equipped to service inbound tourists in hotels and inns are being trained, and lodging facilities that are not currently serving inbound tourists are actively preparing to accept foreign guests. MICE tourism also doubled in the Toyako area before and after the summit there. In April, we will inaugurate a section in the prefectural office to promote MICE tourism. I see Davos as a good example of what Mie can achieve. Davos is a small town, yet it regularly hosts international conferences, though of a different type from the G7 summit. International meetings donât have to be held
JANUARY 2016 // 44
MIE
INTERNATIONAL JAPAN
prefectural government office the rate is 16%, the highest in Japan. I was invited to the World Assembly for Women in Tokyo: WAW! 2015. I took part in the session, on âEngaging Men in Reforms.â The session gave me an opportunity to exchange opinions with Masako Mori (former Minister of State for Gender Equality), Haruno Yoshida (president of BT Japan), Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, (Executive Director, UN Women), and Ing Kantha Phav (Minister of Womenâs Affairs, Cambodia). Ise Shrine is dedicated to the goddess Amaterasu. Amas have been active in Mie for over a millennium. Professional wrestler Saori Yoshida hails from Mie. All in all, Mie Prefecture has a long history of women playing important roles.
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Ninjya Museum in Iga city.
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in large cities like Tokyo, Yokohama, or Kyoto. My goal is to develop Mie Prefecture as a world-class host for international conferences.
receives 6.5 million foreign visitors each year, half a million of whom are thought to be golf tourists. We believe such tourism will serve as an economic stimulus in Mie.
Mie is a major domestic tourist destination. At the same time, only 2% of the guests in lodging facilities are non-Japanese. With the completion of the maglev express in 2027, people will be able to travel between Tokyo and Nagoya in 40 minutes, and this will greatly enhance access to Mie.
Mie Prefecture is also the historic home of Iga ninjas. I serve as chairman of the Japan Ninja Council. We held a seminar on ninjas last July at the Japanese Cultural Center in Paris. Ninjas tend to be thought of as soldiers, but they also served as police and bureaucrats. The seminar featured information on the lifestyle and diet of ninjas and was very well received.
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Japan is working to expand the participation of women in society. What are your views on this?
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Mie is a major domestic tourist destination. At the same time, only 2% of the guests in lodging facilities are non-Japanese. With the completion of the maglev express in 2027, people will be able to travel between Tokyo and Nagoya in 40 minutes, and this will greatly enhance access to Mie. The prefecture is still a bit off the beaten track for first-time tourists to Japan, who usually visit places like Tokyo, Mt. Fuji, and Kyoto, but we hope to attract many foreign tourists making their second visit to Japan. Mie has 74 golf courses and has hosted professional golf tours. The International Association of Golf Tour Operators (IAGTO) is headquartered in London and actively promotes golf tourism. In the ASEAN region, Pattaya in Thailand also promotes such tourism. Pattaya
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Among Japanâs prefectural governors, I am one of the most active in promoting such participation, I believe greater participation of women in society is very important . My wife is a three-time Olympic synchronized swimming competitor. Today she continues to teach children and give lectures. As her husband I want to see her do well, and I encourage her activities. When our first child was born, I took paternity leave and always encourage my staff to follow my example. I believe greater male participation in child rearing is critical if we are to achieve greater participation in society for women. To achieve greater participation for women, Japanese men must change their attitudes and approach to work. Enterprises much change the way they work. I believe it is men and enterprises, not women, that need to change. Nationwide, the number of men taking paternity leave averages 3%. In our
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JANUARY 2016 // 46
MIE
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47 // JANUARY 2016
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äŒå¢ç¥å®®ã«ç¥ãããŠããç¥ã¯ãå€©ç §å€§ç¥ãšãã女 æ§ã®ç¥æ§ã§ãã海女ã¯å°å¿µä»¥äžåããäžéã§æŽ»èº ããŠããŸããã ã¬ã¹ãªã³ã°ã®åç°æ²ä¿ééžæãäžé çåºèº«ã§ããäžéçã¯æãã女æ§ãéèŠãªåœ¹å²ã æãããŠããŸããã
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
NEWS
ANGOLA
INTERVIEW
ã¢ã³ãŽã©ç¬ç«40åšå¹Žãç¥ããŠ
ANGOLA CELEBRATES 40 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE
H.E. MR. JOÃO MIGUEL VAHEKENI AMBASSADOR OF THE REPUBLIC OF ANGOLA TO JAPAN
On November 11, 2015 in Tokyo, the Embassy of Angola celebrated 40 years of Independence. JAPAN and the WORLD magazine covered the event. His Excellency, João Miguel Vahekeni, shared with us his proudest moments as the Ambassador to Japan and ambitions for the years to come.
2015幎11æ11æ¥ã«åšæ¥ã¢ã³ãŽã©å€§äœ¿é€š ã¯æ±äº¬ã§ç¬ç«40åšå¹Žã®ã¬ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã éå¬ããJAPAN and the WORLDèªã¯ã ã®ã€ãã³ããã«ããŒããŸããã ãžã§ã¢ã³ã» ãã²ã«ã»ãŽã¡ã€ã±ã倧䜿ã¯å€§äœ¿è·ãšã㊠æãèªãã«æããã²ãšæãå ±ã«åãã¡å ããå°æ¥ã«åããŠã®æ±è² ãèªããŸããã
Excellency, you have just celebrated the 40 years of independence of Angola by organizing a beautiful reception in Tokyo. How important was it for you to celebrate this day in Japan? The occasion was an opportunity to show to our friends in Japan Angolaâs trajectory in the last 40 years, particularly during the post-civil war period, peace is an irreversible achievement.
Peace is an irreversible achievement. The event also highlighted the strong ties that the Embassy has been building with civil society here in Japan, as shown by the diverse performances featuring Japanese students and musicians at the reception. Angola is now a mature country and is ready to work hand in hand with Japan. In March 2015, you have achieved a milestone by taking over 100 Japanese business people to Angola to show them all the latest opportunities in Angola.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
H.E. Mr. João Miguel Vahekeni Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Angola to Japan.
What was the outcome of this business mission? Do you intend to repeat it in 2016?
service of the national interests of his country. As such we wear many hats, one of them being the economic relations hat.
An ambassador is someone who is in the
Following the business forum we have been
JANUARY 2016 // 48
ANGOLA NATIONAL DAY November 11, 2015 - Tokyo Marriott Hotel
Reception celebrating the 40th Anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Angola at Tokyo Marriott Hotel on November 11, 2015. PHOTO: INTER MEDIA JAPAN
NEWS
witnessing an increase on business visa applications from Japanese companies. One noticeable fact is that we are also receiving visa applications from companies that did not have Angola on their radar, meaning, their first visit to Angola was on the occasion of the forum. As a follow up to the forum held in March 2015 in Luanda and due to several enquiries from Japanese companies regarding the current business environment in Angola a seminar was held in Tokyo last Month. This seminar on doing business with Angola was organized by the Embassy, Mizuho Bank, Ltd. and the Japan Institute for Overseas Investment (JOI) with the support of the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC). The Minister of Economy of Angola H.E. Abrahão Pio dos Santos Gourgel, who visited Japan on this occasion shared with the audience Angolaâs economic outlook and itâs economic diversification program. The event attracted more than 100 participants representing 60 companies, which further demonstrates the interest in Angola that the forum held in March has created. In 2016, the Embassy will work with its partners to organize more events aimed at strengthening the Angola-Japan economic ties. Angola is now a stable and peaceful country and was one of the fastest-growing economies in the world between 2001 and 2010. What are the biggest challenges for Angola today? The biggest challenge that Angola faces is to overcome the legacy of nearly 30 years of civil war, including among others, the removal of landmines, low education, health and unemployment indicators, poor basic infrastructures, economic growth driven by the oil sector, weak agricultural and industrial sectors which have become obstacles to the countryâs sound economic and social development. Angola has made great strides since the end of the civil war in 2002. For instance, in 1998 there was only one university in Angola, today there are nearly 20, giving more Angolans access to higher education. In the same vein, according to the World Bank, life expectancy in Angola went from 45 years in 2000 to 52 years in 2013 and with prospects for further improvement. There still remains a lot to do but I believe Angola is on the right track. Why do you believe Japan would be the best business partner for Angola? Japan went through a war, rebuilt itself and became an advanced nation and a major economic powerhouse in the aftermath of World War II. Angola went through a civil war, which destroyed most of the countryâs
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
basic infrastructures. Now with peace, it is in the process of rebuilding itself. This is where Angola can gain a lot from Japanâs experience and know-how. Japan is one of Angolaâs key partners in Asia and my mission here in Japan is to take the bilateral ties to new heights. It is against this backdrop that, in 2015 three Angolan ministers, namely, the Minister of Finance, Minister Welfare and Social Reintegration and the Minister of Economy visited Japan.
We look forward to celebrating 40 years of Angola-Japan diplomatic ties in 2016. As we look forward to celebrating 40 years of Angola-Japan diplomatic ties in 2016, we will continue to work to build a win-win relation where the two countries can complement each otherâs strengths and benefit from it.
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JANUARY 2016 // 50
JAPAN
NEWS
INTERVIEW
äžæé²ãè¡æ¿ç®¡çå±é·
MICã®ããã®æ°ããã¯ãŒã¯ã¹ã¿ã€ã«
A NEW WORKSTYLE FOR THE MIC
WHEN SIMPLE CHANGES LEAD TO BETTER COMMUNICATION, EFFICIENCY AND COLLABORATION
ç°¡åãªå€æŽã¯ããè¯ãã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå¹çã ã³ã©ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ã€ãªãããŸã MR. SUSUMU KAMIMURA DIRECTOR GENERAL OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT BUREAU, MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS, JAPAN
Since 2015 the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication has started to implement a trial of a new Work Style model to achieve a better work-life balance. This means less paper work, less overtime work, less time spent on commuting, but more communication, more telework , and more flexibility. Mr. Kamimura, Director General of Administrative Management Bureau shares the motivations for these changes and what are the outcomes.
ç·åçã¯2015幎以æ¥ã ã¯ãŒã¯ã©ã€ããã©ã³ ã¹ã®æ¹åãç®æãã¯ãŒã¯ã¹ã¿ã€ã«å€é©ã® è©Šè¡çåãçµã¿ãå®æœããŠãããå ·äœçã« ã¯ãããŒããŒã¬ã¹åãè¶ éå€åã»éå€æé ã®åæžãé²ããäžæ¹ã ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ ãšãã¬ã¯ãŒã¯ã掻æ§åãããšãšãã«ãæé ãå Žæã®ãã¬ãã·ããªãã£ãé«ããã è¡æ¿ç®¡çå±é·ã«ããããæ¹é©ã«ã€ã㊠䌺ã£ãã
The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications has been conducting a makeover to its office environment by introducing new sitting plan (free address system), banning paper and increasing telework opportunities. What were the motivations to implement those changes? With a declining birthrate, aging society and shrinking working-age population in Japan, we need to improve productivity and to approve various work styles in order to keep good balance between work and family. We planned the office makeover from mid 2014 and implemented it in early 2015. I think our communication has dramatically improved since the implementation. Previously,
51 // JANUARY 2016
Mr. Susumu Kamimura Director General of Administrative Management Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan. for example, managers and directors had seats near the window while junior level workers sat on the corridor side. This arrangement did not allow us to hear the opinions and information given from the younger staff. But now, with the new arrangement of sitting together, we can listen to each other much better and make decision quicker, and raise productivity at the
end. In addition, we can use telework in the office. We are very motivated to be a bureau in charge of administrative reforms. Our former Parliamentary Vice-Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications, Fumiaki Matsumoto, observed the Canadian e-government and proposed the office rearrangement in the
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JAPAN
Japanese ministries. That served as the catalyst of our makeover, which is the first trial in the Japanese Government. More than 250 people including parliamentarians and officials of local government have visited our office. The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications is seen as an example for being one of the first to implement those changes. Do you think this new working style will become a common thing for governmental offices and also private companies?
70% of our staff positively value the office because âit activated our communications.â One month after launching the new office, we conducted an in-house questionnaire, which turned out that 70% of our staff positively value the office because âit activated our communications.â Of course, some may become concerned during the process of expanding the makeover all over the ministry. However, we think that the new model will slowly spread to other ministries. Some private companies have already implemented more advanced reforms than us. However, I believe that the reforms at the central government level will lead the private sector to change the way of working even more. The aging and shrinking society is a common problem in both public and private sectors. Therefore, the key solution is a sustainabilityâmaking a user-friendly environment, which would allow all to work continuously at any stage. We have to change our work styles. Itâs important to emphasize that we aim to change not only an office style but also our mentality in Japan. The home office is now seen as a viable alternative to commuting to a corporate facility. Do you have any home-based employees? How do you see this trend evolving in Japan?
The telework system can be a good solution for gender and diversity mainstreaming. Our ministry doesnât have regular home-based employees yet. However, we consider it as a good model for a various work styles. For the moment only one of our employee, a woman, works from home using telework system. She can take care of her family at the same time, maintaining her work-life balance. In Japan, 30% of the government officers are women. This number yet needs to be increased. The telework system can be a good solution for gender and diversity mainstreaming.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Supervisors and new employees sitting at one table for more efficient work.
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JANUARY 2016 // 52
DJIBOUTI SEMINAR
NEWS
DJIBOUTIâS INNOVATIVE BUSINESS APPROACH
In order to support the rapid development of the Djibouti Free Trade Zone, the government is offering a very attractive package for investors. For instance, the zone is duty free and there is no corporate tax to pay. It permits 100% of repatriation of capital and profit with no currency restriction. It also allows 100% ownership with no limitation on foreign personnel employment. The country is now embarked in rapid transformation with major infrastructure development projects underway and valued over US$ 12 billion. The latest was the completion of a 752-kilometre railway linking the port of Djibouti with landlocked Ethiopiaâs capital Addis Ababa. Both countries benefit from economic integration, with Ethiopia gaining access to the sea and Djibouti gaining access to Ethiopiaâs emerging market of 95 million people.
JAPANESE BUSINESS PRESENCE IN DJIBOUTI
Djibouti is gaining attention on the radar screen of business leaders in Japan. According to Mr. Koji Yamaguchi, president of GJK International, who has previous business activities in Africa, âto find the right place of operations in Africa is a crucial decision.â Welcome to Djibouti Free Trade Zone - Done Deal! Mr. Abubaker Omar Hadi, President of Djibouti Ports and Free Zones Authority and Mr. Koji Yamaguchi, President of New World Japan.
JAPANâS GROWING PRESENCE IN DJIBOUTIâS FREE TRADE ZONE
ãžããã®ããªãŒãã¬ãŒããŸãŒã³ã«æ³šç®ïŒæ¥æ¬ã®ãã¬ãŒã³ã¹æ¡å€§ More than 170 Japanese investors and business people attended a seminar on investment opportunities in Djibouti. The event, held last December in the premises of JETRO in Tokyo, was described as a âgreat successâ by Mr. Abubaker Omar Hadi, chairman of the Port Authority and Djibouti Free Zone. âBeside expressing interest, he said, participants are asking questions related to manpower, the costs of energy and the benefits in joining the Free Trade Zoneâ.
ãžãããžã®æè³ã®æ©äŒã«é¢ããã»ãããŒã æšå¹Ž12æã«éããã æ¥æ¬ã®æè³å®¶ãçµæžç ã®ä»£è¡šã170人以äžãåå ãããéœå ã®ãžã§ ããæ¬éšã§è¡ããããã®ã»ãããŒã«ã€ã㊠ãžããã»æž¯æ¹Ÿå§å¡äŒã»ããªãŒãã¬ãŒããŸãŒã³ã® Abubaker Omar Hadi é·å®ã¯ã倧æåãã ã£ã ãšææãããåé·å®ã¯ãåå è ã¯é¢å¿ã瀺ãã ãã§ãªãã ãã³ãã¯ãŒã ãšãã«ã®ãŒã³ã¹ãã ããªãŒ ãã¬ãŒããŸãŒã³å©çšã®å©ç¹ãªã©ã«ã€ããŠè³ªå ãè¡ã£ãã ãšè¿°ã¹ãã
53 // JANUARY 2016
H
is team has put together a very impressive presentation and provided detailed information in Japanese to outline Djiboutiâs President, H.E. Mr. Ismail Omar Guelleh economic vision, for a small country of one million inhabitants, which is located in an exceptional geostrategic location, in the Horn of Africa, with more than 65% of the world commercial shipping fleet using its waters.
Last December, he flew to Djibouti with his business partners to establish a new company called âJapan New World Corporationâ. From this experience, he said that âhe was impressed by the efficiency and how easy it was to register a company in Djiboutiâs Free Trade Zone.â He used the One Stop Service whose objective is to provide all the necessary information (procedures & fees) concerning all the administrative issues such as visas, work permits, residence permits, and conversion of driving license etc.âall of that done within 48 to 72 hours. According to Mr. Yamaguchi, âit is just amazing to complete the whole registration process within 48 hours only, including the legal paperwork to incorporate the company in the Free Trade Zone, to open up a bank account and to conclude a leasing agreement for an office and warehouse facilities.â He mentions humorously that his business associates didnât expect to have free time to relax before returning to Japan. LOOKING FOR OPPORTUNITIES IN THE REGION
A panel of discussion followed with Japanese business leaders sharing their views on Djibouti. Each of them, active in different sectors, recognizes the potential of increasing its activities and access to new markets in the East Africa region. In fact, Djibouti is well positioned within the 20 states sharing a free trade area in the Common Market for Easter and Southern Africa (COMESA). Having countries in the region with high growth rate, the demand for new technologies and manufacturing products is on the rise. Because of its location, Djiboutiâs officials suggest that the presence of Japanese companies in the Free Trade Zone is a strategic move.
The newly created New World Japan Corp. has business relations with a major partner, Toray Corporation, a Japanese multinational that specializes in industrial products centered on technologies in organic synthetic chemistry. According to Mr. Masahiro Fujita, Toray Corpâs representative, âEast Africa offers business opportunities in various sectorsâ For instance, his company is looking for opportunities in the filed of medical equipment and water treatment facilities. While being the president of the latest Japanese company to join Djiboutiâs Free Trade Zone, Mr. Yamaguchi is aware of the networking
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opportunities with government officials and business leaders to better understand the needs in the region. He sees advantages of being a local company involved international trading activities.
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More than 170 Japanese businessmen attended the seminar held at JETRO on December 4, 2015. ãžããã«ãããæ¥æ¬äŒæ¥ã®ãã¬ãŒã³ã¹
ãžããã¯æ¥æ¬ã®çµæžçã®éŠè³ãã®é¢å¿ãéãã€ã€ ããã ã¢ããªã«ã§ã®ããžãã¹æŽ»åã®çµéšãããGJK ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ã§ãã«ã®å±±å£å¹žäºä»£è¡šåç· åœ¹ã«ãã ã°ã ãã¢ããªã«ã§æ¥åå±éã®é©åãªå ŽæãèŠã€ãã ããšã¯ãéåžžã«éèŠãªæ±ºå®ã§ããã ãšããã å±±å£ä»£è¡šã¯æšå¹Ž12æã ããžã£ãã³ã»ãã¥ãŒã»ã¯ãŒã«ãã»ã³ ãŒãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã ãšåŒã°ããäŒæ¥ãæ°ãã«èšç«ããã ãã èªåã®ããžãã¹ããŒãããŒãšäžç·ã«ãžããã«é£ã ã ã å代衚ã¯ãã®çµéšãèžãŸãã ããžããã®ããªãŒã㬠ãŒããŸãŒã³ã§ã®äŒç€Ÿç»èšã®äºåäœæ¥ãå¹ççã§ã éåžž ã«å®¹æã ã£ãããšã«ææ¿ããã ãšèªãã å代衚㯠ãã¯ã³ã» ã¹ãããã»ãµãŒãã¹ã ãšåŒã°ããæç¶ããå©çšãããã ããã ãšã ãã¶ã åŽåèš±å¯ã å± äœèš±å¯ã å€åœé転å 蚱蚌 ã®åãæããªã©äŒæ¥ã®ç®¡çéšéã®ãã¹ãŠã®åé¡ã«é¢ ããå¿ èŠãªå šæ å ± ïŒæç¶ããšææ°æïŒ ãæã«å ¥ãã ãã¹ ãŠã®ããã»ã¹ã¯48æéãã72æé以å ã«çµäºããã å±±å£ä»£è¡šã¯ ãããã48æé以å ã§ã ããªãŒãã¬ãŒã ãŸãŒã³ã§ã®äºæ¥ã®æ³äººåãéè¡å£åº§ã®éèšããªãã£
H.E. Mr. Ahmed Araita Ali, Ambassador of Djibouti to Japan and Mr. Aboubaker Omar Hadi, Chairman of the DFTZA.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
ã¹ãšå庫æœèšã®ãªãŒã¹å¥çŽã®ç· çµãªã©æ³çãªäºå äœæ¥ãå«ããŠç»èšããã»ã¹ãå šéšãçµäºã§ããŠæ¬åœ ã«é©ããŸããã ãšææãä»äºä»²éã¯æ¥æ¬ã«åž°åœãã åã«ãªã©ãã¯ã¹ã§ããèªç±æéãæãŠããšã¯äºæ³ã ããªãã£ããšåè«äº€ããã«èªãã
åå ã«ãã£ã³ã¹ãæ±ãã
æ°èšããããã¥ãŒã»ã¯ãŒã«ãã»ãžã£ãã³ã¯ãææ©åæ ååŠã®æè¡ãããŒã¹ã«å·¥æ¥è£œåãå°éãšããæ±ã¬ãš ææºé¢ä¿ã«ããã æ±ã¬ä»£è¡šã®ããžã¿ã»ããµãã æ°ã¯ ã æ±ã¢ããªã«ã§ã¯æ§ã ãªã»ã¯ã¿ãŒã§ããžãã¹ãã£ã³ã¹ã ããã ãšèªããäŸãã°ã å瀟ã§ã¯å»çæ©åšãšæ°ŽåŠçæœ èšã®åéã§ã®ããžãã¹ãã£ã³ã¹ãæ¢ã£ãŠãããšããã ãžããã®ããªãŒãã¬ãŒããŸãŒã³æŽ»çšäŒæ¥ãšããŠã¯æ° åè ã§ãããã å±±å£ä»£è¡šã¯å°åã®ããŒãºã®ç解ãæ·± ããããã«æ¿åºåœå±è ãçµæžçã®æå°è ãšã®äººè ãåºãããã£ã³ã¹ããããã£ãŠãããå代衚ã¯åœé çãªè²¿æ掻åã«é¢äžããå°å äŒæ¥ãšããŠã®ã¡ãªãã ãæ¿ç¥ããŠããã
Japaneseâs interest for Djibouti is growing.
JANUARY 2016 // 54
DJIBOUTI
RENEWABLE ENERGY
æç¶çãªã¢ããªã«ã«åããŠ
TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE AFRICA
JAPANâS PLANS FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT FOR EAST AFRICA
æ¥æ¬ãæ ãæ±ã¢ããªã«ã®å°ç±ãšãã«ã®ãŒéçºèšç» Japan wants to play a leading role in the development of clean sources of energy in Africa, namely using geothermal energy. Its Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has reaffirmed his commitment to developing countries at the UN Conference on Climate Change, COP 21, held in Paris last December. He said âWe will take geothermal energy from the center of the Earth and deliver clean electricity to people in Africa.â
æ¥æ¬ã¯ã¢ããªã«ã§ã®ã¯ãªãŒã³ãšãã«ã®ãŒæºã®éçºã§äžå¿çãªåœ¹å²ãæ ããã ãšèããŠããã ããªãã¡å°ç±ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®ããšã ãæšå¹Ž12æã«ããªã§éããã 第21ååœé£æ°åå€åæ çµã¿æ¡çŽç· çŽåœäŒè°ïŒCOP21ïŒ ã§å®åæäžéŠçžã¯éäž åœãžã®ã³ãããã¡ã³ããå確èªãã ãå°çã®äžå¿ããå°ç±ãšãã«ã®ãŒãåãåº ãã ã¢ããªã«ã®äººã ã«ã¯ãªãŒã³ãªé»æ°ãäŸçµŠããã ãšè¿°ã¹ãã
J
apan also proposed investment in innovative technologies as a way to act against climate change without sacrificing economic growth. By next Spring Japan will formulate the âEnergy and Environment Innovation Strategy.â Prospective focused areas will be identified and research and development on them will be strengthened.
At Cop 21, Africa has pledged its support for renewables by announcing the launch of the African Renewable Energy Initiative (AREI). The goal is to achieve universal access to energy on the continent. Actually, there are 640 million people who donât have access to electricity, while 7 million have no access to clean alternatives. In regards to East African countries, the impacts of climate change could be disastrous. Agriculture accounts for an average of 40% of the regionâs Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provides livelihood and substantive income to more than 80% of our citizens. One solution could be the emergence of climate smart agriculture. In Kenya and Ethiopia, farmers are being provided with agro-weather tools, which they use to determine the best time to cultivate crops. Under this project, farmers have seen their income increase as much as 30 %. This illustrates how the use of innovative technologies could help farmers to better assure their livelihood.
57 // JANUARY 2016
JAPANESE PARLIAMENTARIANS IN THE REGION
Following the COP21, a group of Japanese Parliamentarians led by Mr. Asahiko Mihara, a member of the National Diet, conducted a 5-days visit to East Africa, namely in five countries: Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania. The objective was to review the development of geothermal energy plants in the region in preparation of the next Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) to be held for the first time in Africa. Prime Minister of Japan, M. Shinzo Abe will announce details on his master plan to develop and finance various geothermal energy projects in the region. To promote the private sector to invest in these projects, there were Japanese companies representatives joining the Japanese Parliamentarianâs visit of the region. In fact, Japan is already active in the countries visited by Japanese Parliamentarians. In Kenya, for example, geothermal power now accounts for 51 % of the nationâs installed power capacity. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has been providing support to capacity enhancement to the Kenyaâs Geothermal Development Company to train staff on drilling techniques, reservoir evaluation and project management. In Tanzania, there was a newlysigned partnership on December 7th 2015 between Tanzania Geothermal Development Company and Toshiba Corporation to bring
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
RENEWABLE ENERGY
During their stay in Djibouti, Japanese Parliamentarians were keen to visit a promising geothermal site, which offers great potential for geothermal power development.
DJIBOUTI
their expertise together in future projects development. Djibouti is another country with at least a dozen potential sites for geothermal power. A recent feasibility study and geothermal exploration project in the Assal Lake region have shown promising results, including financial viability with the appropriate Power Purchase Agreement. Most of the potential sites identified in Djibouti may produce at least 1,000 megawatts of electricity. GOOD WORKING RELATIONS IN DJIBOUTI
The first stopover for the Japanese Parliamentarianâs regional tour was in Djibouti. The President of the National Assembly, Mr. Mohamed Ali Houmed has welcomed them. Discussions were held on various key projects, including the development of geothermal power and waste water treatment. Members of the Djibouti-Japan Parliamentary Association and Djiboutiâs Ambassador to Japan, Mr. Ahmed Araïta Ali attended the meeting. With Japan Self-Defense Forceâs presence in Djibouti, diplomatic relations have been closer in sharing common views on security, peace and sustainable development.
âWe will take geothermal energy from the center of the Earth and deliver clean electricity to people in Africa.â ãå°çã®äžå¿ããå°ç±ãšãã«ã®ãŒãå ãåºãã ã¢ããªã«ã®äººã ã«ã¯ãªãŒã³ãªé»æ° ãäŸçµŠããã ã
According to Mr. Mohamed Ali Houmed âJapanâs contribution to the development of geothermal power is most welcomed.â The government of the Republic of Djibouti is committed to reducing its emissions of greenhouse gases by 40% by 2030. Further, it wants promote the use of clean energy to 100% by 2020âalready at 65% level. Mr Houmed believes that itâs important to promote a mix of clean energy sources, including the development of geothermal power. He mentioned the governmentâs recent approval of a 200MW of solar projects to bring clean energy in 25 major villages in the country.
VISIT AT THE ASSAL LAKEâS POTENTIAL SITE
During their stay in Djibouti, Japanese Parliamentarians were keen to visit a promising geothermal site, which offers great potential for geothermal power development. Located near Lake Assal, at 100 km from Djibouti town center, it is impressive to have a look at a crack of 1.3 meters following the eruption of the volcano Ardukoba that occurred in 1978 and has duration one week. The thermal energy emanating from this flaw can be felt easily through the intensity of the heat. As a demonstration, someone has placed a cigarette over the crack that has lighted up itself quite easily. This site might well be the first one to be developed in Djibouti. The use of geothermal energy might be among the cleanest in the world. While the Japanese government is committed to promote geothermal power in Africa, it accounts for a mere 0.3 % of Japanâs total electricity production. Geothermal development in Japan faced several barriers. One of them
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
JANUARY 2016 // 58
DJIBOUTI
RENEWABLE ENERGY
is environmental as nearly 80 % of Japanâs geothermal resources are located within national parks or protected hot springs, areas designated as restricted âzonesâ with limits on the type and location of work that can be done in them. Japan set a moratorium on geothermal production within these parks, with heavy restrictions even on light research.
One of them is environmental as nearly 80 % of Japanâs geothermal resources are located within national parks or protected hot springs, areas designated as restricted âzonesâ. JAPANESE PARLIAMENTARIANS IN THE REGION
Following the successful UN Conference on Climate Change in Paris, one could say that âtimingâ is important when you have a message to convey. In that context, the Japanese Parliamentarianâs tour of five East African countries has provided more visibility for Japan in respect to its leadership in the energy sector. The level of receptivity for the development of clean energy sources has certainly reinforced the image of Japan as a generous and highly skilled country willing to use its leadership and expertise to sustain African countriesâ economic development through the promotion of clean energy. That would be considered a well done Japanese public diplomatic tour in the energy sector.
02
03
High Installation Costs: To access to geothermal energy, it requires installation of power plants to get steam from deep within the earth. This represents a huge one time investment and skilled manpower is required to be located in isolated area. Can Run Out Of Steam: Geothermal sites can run out of steam over a period of time due to drop in temperature or if too much water is injected to cool the rocks and this may result huge loss for the companies which have invested heavily in these plants.
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GEOTHERMAL POWER: PROS AND CONS
As geothermal power plants are a source of untapped renewable energy, they are attracting greater attention on their pros and cons. BENEFITS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY USE 01
02
03
Significant Cost Saving: Geothermal energy generally involves low running costs since it saves 80% costs over fossil fuels and no fuel is used to generate the power. Reduce Reliance on Fossil Fuels: Dependence on fossil fuels decreases with the increase in the use of geothermal energy. No Pollution: Since no fuel is required so costs for purchasing, transporting and cleaning up plants is quite low.
DISADVANTAGES OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY USE 01
Not Widespread Source of Energy: Since this type of energy is not widely used therefore the unavailability of equipment, staff, infrastructure and training pose hindrance to the installation of geothermal plants across the globe.
59 // JANUARY 2016
Group of Japanese Parliamentarians led by Mr. Asahiko Mihara, member of the National Diet, on their 5-days visit to East Africa .
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
The group of Japanese Parliamentarians and Japanese companies representatives visiting a geothermal site near Asal Lake in Djibouti last December. ãžãããå°ç±çºé»ã®åè£çšå°ãå°ãªããšã10æ°ã« æ以äžããåœã ã ã¢ããµã«æ¹ã§ã®ææ°ã®äºæ¥å調 æ»ãšå°ç±æ¢æ»ãããžã§ã¯ãã«ãããé©åãªé»åè³Œå ¥ å¥çŽïŒPPAïŒ ã«ããè³éé¢ã§ã®å®è¡å¯èœæ§ãå«ãæ æãªçµæã瀺ãããã ãžããåœå ã§ç¢ºèªãããå è£çšå°ã®ã»ãšãã©ã§çšŒåããã°çºé»éã¯å°ãªãã 1000ã¡ã¬ã¯ãããšãªãèŠèŸŒã¿ã ã ãžããã§è¯å¥œãªé¢ä¿
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JANUARY 2016 // 60
I
INTRODUCTION
n this section we will set the table for a diplomacy to help to feed a tolerance to differences and simultaneously to boost friendship and peace worldwide. Food brings people together. It is a unique medium of cultural diplomacy to increase trade, economic investment, and tourism, as well as to enhance soft power.
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Interpersonal relationships are fundamental for diplomacy. Eating and drinking together strengthen peopleâs ties. At a nicely set table with nice food you rarely make war. We share different views and respect differences. A good dish creates a comfortable atmosphere, in which people are open-minded. This is the philosophy of Heinz Beck, a chef, who actively promotes peace through cuisine. Abrahamâs table is one of the most successful activities that he initiated.
FOSTERING CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING AMONG COUNTRIES
GASTRODIPLOMACY
GASTRODIPLOMACY
In terms of cultural exchange Gastrodiplomacy helps to build bridges. Through food you can understand culture. And when you understand the culture, the understand the people. Different cultures have different eating habits, using different ingredients. While tasting the dishes, one has an opportunity to discover culture, history and geography. Gastrodiplomacy has proven to be a suitable door to Colombian culture, fostering the interest of the Japanese in the country. A countryâs culture can also be discovered through its variety of ingredients. Peru promotes mangos, avocados and quinoa as its famous products in Japan and other countries in the world. In 2015, Peru was the first world producer and exporter of asparagus, quinoa and maca (vegetable crop). Therefore Peruvian cuisine is considered one of the best in the world. In Japan, people have a chance to taste it in a number of restaurants, during the Embassy events and other cultural celebrations.
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JANUARY 2016 // 61
HEINZ BECK
GASTRODIPLOMACY
HEINZ BECK
JAPAN and the WORLD interviewed Heinz Beck to find out about his food philosophy. JAPAN and the WORLDã¯åœŒã®æ çå²åŠãç¥ãããã«ãã€ã³ãã»ã ãã¯ã«ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒãè¡ããŸããã 63 // JANUARY 2016
FOOD FOR THINKING ç¥ãšé£äº
GASTRODIPLOMACY
HEINZ BECK
Please tell us about yourself. I joined chef school in Passau, Germany at the age of 17, and I gained experience working in many restaurants. Then I went on to cook in Aschau under Heinz Winkler where I had been his Sous Chef for 5 years. I got the third Michelin star at âLa Pergolaâ, in Rome, when I was 42 years old, in 2005. But my success in Rome was not, by all means, built in a day. I am not in the kitchen because I have to be. I am in the kitchen because I want to be. There was time in the past when I wanted to quit cooking and take over the family business but it did not happen at the end. For me, working in the kitchen is my soul and my life, and I love it. Iâm not there because people expect to see me. I am there because I want to be. The work that I am doing is the work of passion and I have been doing it now for 35 years. Amberjack marinated in white Balsamic vinegar with pomegranate snow. Your motto is Good-Better-Best. What does drive you to innovate and to push the boundaries of culinary traditions? Is there such thing as culinary perfection? My ambition is simple: Good-Better-Best. I want to satisfy my customers and run a wellworking place with happy clients who come back again and againâthat is the biggest compliment to a chef. Donât stop before the good is better and the better is best. I have been always looking if there is something that can be done better. I am changing a lot. I make a lot of dishes taste new and look new. And I renovate continuously my way of cooking. There are different objectives in cooking. First is health, second is taste, and the third is to make the dish that look beautiful. The look is important but considering the three points all togetherâthe less important. Le club des chef has a saying: when politics divide people, a good table gather them. Do you think gastronomy can play a key role in diplomacy? Of course it does. In my opinion, food can be a very strong trait dâunion. In October 2015, the Italian Jewish Community in cooperation with the Islamic Community and the Christian Catholic Diocese, organized a special event called the Tent of Abrahamâa non-profit activity. The purpose of this project was to communicate peace and to promote public awareness about the importance of listening to the needs of other people of any race and faith. I was involved in this project and cooked a lunch for about 150 guests, homeless people, migrants, as well as the highest authorities in Milan representing the three great monotheistic religions.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
I prepared a special menu in the full respect of Halal and Kosher dietary requirements. We all sat at the same table talking about the future, about religion, about friendship and how food can be used as an instrument of peace. In this sense gastronomy is very diplomatic.
Credits: Janez Puksic
ago, I wrote a book about blood pressure and alimentation. The last book was about recipes and tips for little kids and how to avoid childrenâs obesity at the same time.
What do you think about Japan? How is Japan influencing your cuisine?
I also worked on a number of projects with the faculty of medicine at Romeâs âSapienzaâ University to gain an insight on how food affects digestion. It is important for me that the food I serve is easy to digest and tasty.
In terms of eating, Italian and Japanese philosophies are very close. In terms of products, Italians are driven by high quality of seasonal food.
In all my restaurants the menus are well balanced and, even if you eat my seven-course tasting menu, you will not feel full and heavy afterwards, you will feel good.
The biggest challenge is to understand the products and their seasonality. When I need for example shrimps or prawns, I would never bring it from Italy because in Japan you get a really good quality prawns. The only thing you have to understand is where is the right place to buy the products in a certain season. In the first year of being in Japan, we spent a lot of time on learning about this. You are involved in many projects, starting from restaurants running worldwide, writing publications, ending on cooperating with universities. What is the common ground of all these activities? What is important in your kitchen? In my opinion we are what we eat. So this is the starting point of my life philosophy. I cook well-balanced dishes and I have been promoting health for years: healthy cooking can taste fabulous, triggers the senses and gives a lot of emotions. Many people think that healthy kitchen is not tasty, but that is not right. I did research 6 or 7 years ago about oscillation of insulin after dinner, which is very important for diabetics. Three years
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65 // JANUARY 2016
Credits: Janez Puksic
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
COLOMBIA
GASTRODIPLOMACY
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COLOMBIAN GASTRODIPLOMACY AN EFFECTIVE COUNTRY BRANDING TOOL
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WORDS: MR. ALEJANDRO POSADA BAENA Chargé dâAffaires ad interim of the Embassy of Colombia to Japan
In Japan, and around the world, the image of Colombia is inevitably linked to the aroma and good taste of quality coffee. Colombians feel proud of the fact that the country is associated by millions of people with the ritual of drinking coffee. But what about our food? æ¥æ¬ãããŠäžçäžã§ã ã³ãã³ãã¢ã®ã€ã¡ãŒãžã¯ãšãããšå¿ ãè¯è³ªãªã³ãŒã ãŒã®éŠããšãã€ã¹ããæãæµ®ãã¹ãããšã§ãããã ã³ãŒããŒã飲ãç¿æ £ã® ããäœçŸäžäººãã®äººã ãé£æ³ããåœã§ãããšããäºå®ã«ã³ãã³ãã¢åœæ° ã¯èªããæããŸãã ãããã é£ã¹ç©ã¯ã©ãã§ããããïŒ
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astronomy is a way of cultural expression where eating is combined with a particular way of interacting with biological needs. Culinary practices are developed by local communities and creative individuals, and further enriched by economic exchanges and the knowledge received through these interactions. Because gastronomy enables cultural exchange at a personal level, being open to experience the traditions of other countries enriches our lives. Colombian food culture is the result of various gastronomic influences: Indigenous, African and Spanish. Located in the northwest of the South American continent, facing the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, and with a large extension of the Amazon, Colombian cuisine is heavily influenced by the richness of the countryâs biodiversity.
of transporting fresh ingredients for certain dishes; the small number of Japanese who visit Colombia; and the fact that there is no Colombian restaurant yet in Japan. To overcome this situation, the Embassy of Colombia in Japan has implemented a dynamic Gastro-diplomacy promotion program, making it an important pillar of country promotion for 2015. Gastro-diplomacy has proven to be a suitable door to Colombian culture, fostering the interest of the Japanese people in our country, its geographical features and nutritional legacy. In particular, by tasting Colombian traditional dishes, Japanese people have come into contact with Colombiaâs biodiversity, and the enormous range of products that result from the unique multi-thermic landscape.
Colombian Chef Mr. Eduardo Martinez during the demonstration of Colombian cuisine at the Shinjuku Gastronomic Academy (Shinjuku Chourishi Senmon Gako).
In recent years the popularity of Colombian gastronomy has seen a significant spread around the world, as a number of Colombian chefs and restaurants entered the top lists of world gastronomy. In recent years the popularity of Colombian gastronomy has seen a significant spread around the world, as a number of Colombian chefs and restaurants entered the top lists of world gastronomy. Historically, however, despite Columbian cuisineâs wealth of products, the Japanese had limited exposure to these flavors. This situation can be explained by a set of obstacles such as: the geographical distance between both countries; the challenges
67 // JANUARY 2016
Chefs de Cuisine from renowned Tokyo Hotels, and Food Curators during the Colombian Gastronomic Week 2015.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
GASTRODIPLOMACY
COLOMBIA
For example, in the cooking lessons offered by the Embassy, participants are introduced to Colombian history; learning a variety of traditional and contemporary recipes, attendees experience first-hand the subtlety of Columbian flavors. Moreover, by doing so they get insights into the interaction of European, South American and African gastronomic traditions and on how it is expressed in Colombian cuisine. The most representative Gastro-diplomacy event organized by the Embassy of Colombia in 2015 was the Colombian Gastronomic Week. For an entire week in August, at the Ambassadorâs Residence, a series of lunches and dinners were prepared by two of the best-known Columbia chefs: Mrs. Antonuela Ariza and Mr. Eduardo Martinez, who came to Japan especially to cook for the Japanese commensals. With a long trajectory of working with local communities across Colombia, Mrs. Ariza and Mr. Martinez have learned preparations of dishes that were in danger of disappearing because of the massive use of new technologies and the advent of fast food. As part of their culinary project, they have undertaken the task of extensively researching little-known Colombian products, their nutritional properties and suitable preparations. Among the products Mrs. Ariza and Mr. Martinez presented the subtle Bogotá tea, discovered by the first European explorers in Latin America, and a wide range of products from the Colombian Amazon such as camu-camu, tucupà and copoasú. During the 2015 Colombian Gastronomic Week, Mrs. Arisa and Mr. Martinez showcased the results of their gastronomic experiments to Japanese chefs, food connoisseurs and gourmet curators, who together, with representatives from the Japanese media were happy to familiarize themselves with Colombiaâs products, biodiversity and culinary traditions. The other two Gastrodiplomatic events, organized in 2015, are worth mentioning. First, the collaboration between Korean Chef Tae Hwan Ryu, and the Embassy Chef Mr. Lessier Guerrero. The Chefs prepared a meal featuring a diverse range of Colombian organic products, such as organic Palm Tree Oil and organic banana, brought to Japan by Daabon Organic Japan. Finally, a Coffee Food-Pairing experience was presented as a part of the Colombian National Day in the AmbassadorÂŽs Residence. Coffee from various regions in Colombia was served with different kinds of food, to enhance and showcase the subtlety and delicacy of its flavor. Public and private events were equally acclaimed by the Japanese public and contributed to an increased interest in Colombia.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Japanese culinary students sampling Colombian traditional dish âpatacónâ. äŸã§ãã ä»åœã®äŒçµ±ãã©ã®ããã«åãå ¥ããã®ããšã ãé·ãæ°žç¶çãªåœ±é¿ããç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®ç掻ãè±ãã« ããããšãã§ããã®ã§ãã
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JANUARY 2016 // 68
PERU
GASTRODIPLOMACY
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peruvian cuisine In healthy body, healthy spirit
å¥åº· ãªèº«äœ ã«ãã å¥å š 㪠粟 ç¥ ã¯ å®¿ã Peru is known as one of the worldâs 10 âmegadiverseâ countries, for its rich diversity in ecosystems, species, genetic resources and culture. Peruâs biodiversity is one of the pillars of its national economy, which plays a direct role in sustaining a large part of the population, has an important role for culture, science and technology and provides essential environmental services in terms of soil fertility, air quality and water supply.
ãã«ãŒã¯ãäžçã§10æ¬ã®æã«å ¥ã ãè¶ å€ æ§æ§ãåœå®¶ãããªãã¡éåžžã«å€æ§æ§ã®è± ããªåœãšããŠç¥ãããŠããŸãã çæ ç³»ã çç©çš®ã®ã¿ãªãããéºäŒè³æºãæåãå® ã«å€çš®å€æ§ã§ãããã«ãŒã®çç©å€æ§æ§ã¯ åœå®¶çµæžã®æ±ã®ã²ãšã€ã§ã人å£ã®å€§åã ç¶æããã®ã«çŽæ¥åœ¹ç«ã£ãŠããã»ãã æ åãç§åŠãæè¡ã®é¢ã§ãéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæ ãããŠããŸãã ãŸããåå£è¥æ²åºŠãå€§æ° ç°å¢ãæ°Žã®äŸçµŠãšãã£ãæ¬ ããããšã®ã§ ããªãç°å¢æ¹åã«ãè²¢ç®ããŠããŸãã
P
eru has about 25,000 plant species (10% of the world total) with 30% endemism. Out of these, 4,400 species have known properties and are used by the population. In terms of fauna, Peru is first in number of fish species (close to 2,000 species, 10% of the world total); second in bird fauna (1,736 species); third in amphibians (332 species). There are about 5,528 plant species.
Peru produces potatoes, maize, chili, asparagus, mango, avocado, and quinoa - called the golden grain of the Incas. Quinoa was one of the most important elements of the pre-Hispanic Peruvian diet, along with potatoes. Quinoa is worldwide appreciated because it contains proteins and it is gluten free. Peru is the first world producer and
69// JANUARY 2016
Danza de las tijeras or âScissors DanceââPeruvian cultural expression. exporter of asparagus, quinoa and maca, and third in provision of Hass avocados and artichokes. Also Peru is the fourth largest exporter of dried peppers; and fifth of grapes and beans; sixth of mangoes and seventh in mandarins, coffee (second largest exporter of organic coffee) and ginger. Peruvian cuisine is considered among the best in the world. Its richness besides the native cuisine comes from the variety of influences like European, Spanish and Italian; African; and from Asia, with two important contributions from the Chinese and Japanese communities that settled down in Peru. Peruvian food is recommended to consume with pisco the national grape brandy. Three Peruvian restaurants are placed in âThe Worldâs 50 Best Restaurantsâ of San Pellegrino list 2015. âCentral Restaurantâ of Virgilio MartÃnez ranked N°4, âAstrid y Gastonâ which is best known for the celebrity chef Gaston Acurio who put Peruvian cuisine on the world map and âMaidoâ where Peruvian nikkei Mitsuharu Tsumura proposes a fusion of Japanese and Peruvian culinary traditions. Hilton Tokyo, supported by the Embassy of the Republic of Peru, organized the âPeruvian Gourmet & Cultural Promotion: Fascinating Peruâ for the ninth consecutive year in November 2015
with the Peruvian chefs Guido Gallia and Clint MartÃn RamÃrez. In Japan, there are about 50 Peruvian restaurants, among them âBepocahââ the best restaurants announced in Tokyo in 2013. Itâs an important Peruvian policy to support the spread of Peruvian cuisine through restaurants and products. Peru is the country with the worldâs largest number of culinary schools and gastronomy university faculties because there is a large demand for national cooks for overseas restaurants, cruisers, etc. since the Peruvian gastronomy boom. âThe International Food Fair of Lima: Misturaâ strives to make Peruvian cuisine a key part of boosting Peruâs gastronomic image internationally. Mistura creates a space of unity for Peruvians and helps to increase Peruâs cultural presence on a global scale. Gastronomy is a powerful tool for strengthening the value of Peru as a brand. Peruvian cuisine was the first cultural expression on the American continent that has earned the distinction of Cultural Heritage of the Americas for the World, awarded by the Organization of American States (OAS). Also recently Peru won the Worldâs Leading Culinary Destination 2015 by World Travel Awards (WTA) for the fourth
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GASTRODIPLOMACY
consecutive year that recognizes the effort of the Peruvian people. In addition, the âSecond World Forum of Gastronomic Tourismâ, part of the World Tourism Organization (WTO) will be held in Lima, Peruvian national capital, next year promoting Peru as a world top gastronomic destination to experience cuisine, culture and spectacular nature. II Festival Oishii Peru (Delicious Peru) is organized once a year in Japan, under the slogan âenjoy our flavoursâ and âbe amazed by our gastronomy and cultureâ. Japanese people enjoy the Peruvian cuisine for two days. This event is promoted by the Embassy of Peru, organized by the Association of Peruvians in Japan (ASPEJA), supported by Consulates General in Tokyo and Nagoya, the Cervantes Institute and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan and sponsored by several Peruvian companies. âOishii Peruâ is a long-term project to promote internationalization of Peruvian cuisine. This allows better integration of Peruvians in Japan and the promotion of tourism to Peru. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Peru and the Peruvian Society of Gastronomy (Apega) signed a cooperation agreement in 2013, which is a new milestone in the objectives aimed at positioning the Peruvian cuisine abroad, consolidating the Peru as an international tourist destination, boosting export of Peruvian products and promoting Lima as the gastronomic capital of Latin America. The agreement establishes a partnership between public and private sectors to promote Peruvian gastronomy and tourism to different regions. The book âPeru Honduras, our table. Fusion cuisine and culinary diplomacyâ, of the former Ambassador of Peru in Honduras, Guillermo Gonzales Arica, won the first place at the Gourmand World Cookbook Awards 2015 in the category of embassies, which is known as the Oscars of culinary literature. This book is about the economic impact of a strategy of gastronomic diplomacy with cooperation that took place in Honduras and allows the training in Peruvian cuisine techniques of 1044 Hondurans in 17 out of the 18 departments from that country. The economic impact of the gastronomic diplomacy doubled the trade balance between Peru and
Honduras in a period of 20 months and led to the subsequent signing of the bilateral FTA. These are among the general activities that lead to a successful country branding achievements based on cuisine and culture.
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JANUARY 2016 // 70
ECOWAS
THE WORLD
ECOWAS THE RISE OF WEST AFRICA
西ã¢ããªã«ã®èé
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY H.E. MS. YOUNGOR TELEWODA, AMBASSADOR OF LIBERIA AND CHAIRPERSON OF THE ECOWAS DIPLOMATIC GROUP IN TOKYO.
15 WEST AFRICAN STATES BENIN BURKINA FASO CAPE VERDE GAMBIA GHANA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU IVORY COAST LIBERIA MALI NIGER NIGERIA SENEGAL SIERRA LEONE TOGO
71 // JANUARY 2016
T
he Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) was established on May 28, 1975, following consultations by leaders in the sub-region and in line with the call by the United Nations Economic Commissions for Africaâs regional entities to establish viable economic communities for the purpose of economic integration. Considered one of the pillars of the African Economic Community, ECOWAS was set up to foster the ideal of collective self-sufficiency for its member states. As a trading union, it is also meant to create a single, large trading bloc through economic cooperation. Economic integration in the sub-region has a combined GDP of $734.8 billion generated by the following sectors; industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, agriculture, natural resources, commerce, monetary and financial issues, social as well as cultural matters. ECOWAS member states are located within an area of 5,112,903 sq. km; with an estimated population of 340 million.
The Vision of ECOWAS is the creation of a borderless region where the population has access to its abundant resources and is able to exploit same through the creation of opportunities. ECOWAS has created an integrated region where the population enjoys free movement, have access to efficient education and health systems and engage in economic and commercial activities while living in dignity in an atmosphere of peace and security. ECOWAS is meant to be a region governed in accordance with the principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance. ECOWAS is made up of 15 countries located in the West African sub-region of Africa. The Member States, are namely: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape-Verde, Cote dâIvoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, GuineaBissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. The ECOWAS Commission is the executive organ of ECOWAS. The Headquarters is based in Abuja, Nigeria. Its mission
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
THE WORLD
statement is to promote economic integration among the Regional group of 15 countries and beyond. ECOWAS THREE MAIN INSTITUTIONS
ECOWAS consists of three main institutions for the effective implementation of its policies, namely: 01
The ECOWAS Commission.
02
The ECOWAS Bank for Investment and Development (EBID).
03
West African Health Organization (WAHO).
The ECOWAS Diplomatic Group of Ambassadors in Tokyo hosted the First ECOWAS-JAPAN Business Forum, from 28â29 October. As part of its efforts to establish beneficial relation between Japan and the West African sub-region, the ECOWAS Diplomatic Group of Ambassadors in Tokyo hosted the First ECOWAS-JAPAN Business Forum, from 28â29 October, 2015 in Tokyo Japan. The event brought together government officials and members of the private sector from West Africa and Japan, to discuss and negotiate business initiatives beneficial to all parties. The event afforded the West African countries to showcase the investment opportunities available in the sub-region as well as explore the possibilities. The Forum also provided opportunity to the Japanese partners to appraise the array of investment opportunities available in the sub-region. As a follow-up to the 1st Business Forum, the ECOWAS Diplomatic Group is proposing a tour of the sub-region in conjunction with the ECOWAS Commission in 2016.
We anticipate that the Forum has further deepened trade and investment opportunities as well as relationships between the ECOWAS subregion, the Government of Japan as well as the Japanese private sector. The ECOWAS Diplomatic Group appreciates the valuable efforts and support of the ECOWAS Commission, the Co-organizers, and Agencies for Promotion of Investments and the Chambers of Commerce in the ECOWAS Region and Japanese Institutions dedicated to International Cooperation and
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Economic Development for the successful hosting of the First ECOWAS-JAPAN Business Forum. We anticipate that the Forum has further deepened trade and investment opportunities as well as relationships between the ECOWAS sub-region, the Government of Japan as well as the Japanese private sector.
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For more information about ECOWAS, please visit the official website: www.ecowas.int
JANUARY 2016 // 72
1ST ECOWAS-JAPAN BUSINESS FORUM 2015 October 28-29 2015 - Hyatt Regency Tokyo PHOTO: INTER MEDIA JAPAN
THE WORLD
ECOWAS
H.E. MR. KADRÃ DÃSIRÃ OUÃDRAOGO
PRESIDENT OF THE ECOWAS COMMISSION ã«ãã¬â¢ããžã¬â¢ãŠãšãã©ãªãŽ
ECO WA S å§å¡äŒã®è°é·ã KADRà DÃSIRà OUÃDRAOGO has been President of the ECOWAS commission since February 2012. He attended the Forum and told us about the main challenges to overcome to create a successful business environment for Japan and West Africa.
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y duties as President of the ECOWAS commission is to ensure peace, stability and democracy in prosperous economic development, and also full cooperation and integration between our member states.
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In 2015, ECOWAS celebrated its 40th anniversary.
Over those 40 years, the Community had been able to achieve, among other things, the movement of goods and persons across borders, promotion of economic integration across the region, played a frontline role in resolving conflicts and ensuring good governance in the region, unifying the fight against epidemics and other health-related issues as could be seen during the outbreak of the Ebola virus disease. The ECOWAS has recorded concrete achievements over the years, which had made it a universally acclaimed regional economic community model. I still see some challenges to overcome to strengthen our relations with Japan in the areas of: 01
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Maintain peace, stability and a conducive environment to economic investment. Create a borderless market at the regional level. In order to do so we should implement a good infrastructure network, telecommunication support, and an energy network. The language barrier still remains an issue. We are strongly encouraging our business people to learn Japanese but also the Japanese business community to learn French, English and Portuguese (three official languages in the ECOWAS region).
In the next 40 years, we will keep working hard on overcoming all these challenges in order to intensify business exchanges between our region and Japan.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
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JANUARY 2016 // 72
ECOWAS
THE WORLD
I believe this type of forums are essential to give a better understanding about Africa but also for the African business people to get a better understanding of Japanese manners and business habits. One thing that most people are not aware of is that the African continent has over 500 billion USD in foreign exchange reserves. African entrepreneurs now boast about being approached by one of the many privateequity investors scouring the continent for opportunities. In some respects it is no surprise that Africa is becoming such a popular destination for business investment. But there is still a lot of misinformation that needs to be corrected by us, African leaders, and representatives of the private sector. We need to travel the world to introduce what is the reality of Africa today. A better understanding between people will lead to successful partnerships.â
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H.E. MR. LIONEL ZINSOU
PRIME MINISTER OF BENIN ã»
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ãããã³å ± å åœ éŠçž LIONEL ZINSOU H.E. Mr. Lionel Zinsou, FrenchâBeninese economist and investment banker who has been Prime Minister of Benin since 2015 attended the ECOWAS-Japan Business Forum last October. He used this opportunity to urge Japan to invest more in West Africa, saying the region will become a huge growing market.
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73 // JANUARY 2016
H
aving worked several years with Japanese companies, Mr. Zinsou touched on the importance of publicprivate partnerships in Africa and on how to deepen the relationship.
âBy contributing to two successful joint ventures with Japanese companies, I would say that it is all about taking the time to understand and trust each other. The cultural gap is noticeable between Europe and Japan and even more with Africa. It takes time to understand the judicial system, the business manners, and the decision process of the other party. In Europe and in Africa the leader would take the initiative, whereas in Japan it will have to be a group decision, a consensus in many cases.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
ECOWAS
THE WORLD
You came to Japan to represent the UEMOA. What were your expectations from the inaugural ECOWAS-Japan Forum? First of all, I would like to thank the ambassadors who represent us here, as well as the Japanese authorities that have made it possible for this inaugural ECOWASJapan Forum to be held. The goal is to better understand one another in order to work together more successfully. We are presently working on a strategy to transform our economy. If we merely produce to export without making changes, there will be a lack of opportunities in terms of creating jobs, wealth and added value. There are many things that we are expecting from the Forum: in addition to strengthening relations between Japan and our region, we above all hope that the Japanese private sector will be reassured and become confident in investing in our region, which for several years has achieved record growth rates with an average of around 6%, and up to 10% in Ivory Coast and Niger. Therefore, we have a dynamic economy that will thrive in the long term only if we put in place certain infrastructures and ensure that our private sector is organized in a functional manner. How do the UEMOA and Japan work together? Since the UEMOA was founded in 1994, we have cooperated with Japan through the TICAD. This cooperation becomes stronger year after year, and Japanâs support is invaluable. We presently have several Japanese experts who are working with us in order to develop the common market and the cross-border fund sector. We are currently establishing checkpoints between countries so as to allow trade between countries in the region to flow freely.
WHAT DOES UEMOA STAND FOR? A trade zone agreement between Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote dâIvoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo formed to encourage internal development, improve trade deficits, establish uniform tariffs for goods imported from non-member nations, establish a regional stock exchange and a regional banking system. Formerly called the West African Monetary Union.
H.E. MR. CHEIKH HADJIBOU SOUMARÃ
PRESIDENT OF UEMOA COMMISSION ã»
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西ã¢ããªã«çµæžé貚åçå§å¡äŒé· <UEMOA> The project for a common currency in the ECOWAS region was brought up during the Forum. What role will the UEMOA play in this project? Our Heads of State have actually decided to work towards a common currency by the year 2020. The aim of this decision is to support the process of transformation of our economies, as well as our long-term development. But as you will be aware, the UEMOA is a part of ECOWAS. The eight countries of the UEMOA already have a common currencyâthe CFA franc, which is an internationally convertible currency.
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As a sub-region of ECOWAS, the UEMOA will be able to assist with the successful completion of this project thanks to the expertise it has already gained in the management of a common currency. For ECOWAS, the common currency represents a great opportunity for the sub-region, but also poses some potential problems.
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All member countries must unite economically
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75 // JANUARY 2016
in order to build an economic zone that is stable, firm and interdependent. It is therefore important that all of the criteria for convergence imposed by the UMEOA are respected equally by all of the ECOWA member countries. Is there anything else you would like to say to our Japanese readers? I would simply like to say to the Japanese private sector that Africa, and the ECOWAS sub-region in particular, is a dynamic region that has huge potential. We are one of the most productive regions in terms of agriculture. Ivory Coast is known for its coffee and cocoa production, as well as being the largest producer of cashew nuts. Burkina Faso is a major exporter of cotton. And then there are countries such as Senegal, Togo, Benin and Mali, which are carrying out large-scale development of their production of phosphate and other minerals. ECOWAS is a dynamic region that is making
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
THE WORLD
ECOWAS
Central Bank of West African States in Lomé, Togo. remarkable progress. It is important to know that we now have a regional policy that enables us to ensure the security of investments as well as a democratic process that has made great strides. Therefore, I invite the Japanese private sector to invest in our region with confidence.
西ã¢ããªã«çµæžé貚åçïŒUEMOAïŒã®ä»£è¡šãšã㊠æ¥æ¥ãããŸããã第1åECOWASïŒè¥¿ã¢ããªã«è«žåœ çµæžå ±åäœïŒ ããžãã¹ã»ãã©ãŒã©ã ãèžãŸããŠäœã æåŸ ãããŠããŸããã ãŸãã第1åECOWASã»ããžãã¹ã»ãã©ãŒã©ã ã®å® çŸã«å°œåãããé¢ä¿åœã®é§æ¥å€§äœ¿ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åºåœ å±ã«æè¬ãç³ãäžããããšæããŸãã ãã©ãŒã©ã ã® ç®çã¯çžäºç解ãæ·±ãååé¢ä¿ãéããŠæ°ã㪠æåã«ã€ãªããŠããããšã§ãã çŸåšãçµæžã®æ¹é©æŠç¥ã«åãçµãã§ããŸããæ¹é©ãª ãã«èŒžåºè£œåãã€ããã ããªããéçšãå¯ãä»å 䟡 å€ã®åµåºã®æ©äŒã¯ãªãã§ãããã ãã©ãŒã©ã ã«ã¯æåŸ ããŠããç¹ãå€ããããŸãã æ¥ æ¬ãšããããã®å°åãšã®é¢ä¿åŒ·åã«å ããŠãäœã ããããããã®å°åã«å®å¿ããŠæè³ã§ãããšæ¥æ¬ ã®æ°éã»ã¯ã¿ãŒã®çæ§ã«èªä¿¡ãæã£ãŠããã ãã ãã®ãšæåŸ ããŠããŸããåå ã®æé·çã¯éå»æ°å¹Ž ã«ãããèšé²ãæŽæ°ã幎平åã§çŽ6ïŒ ã ã³ãŒããžã ã¯ãŒã«ã ããžã§ãŒã«ã§æé«10ïŒ ãéæããŸããã ãã®ãããåå çµæžã¯ãã€ãããã¯ã§ããã ã€ã³ãã©
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JANUARY 2016 // 76
ECOWAS
THE WORLD
GOOD GOVERNANCE A MAJOR CHALLENGE FOR THE ECOWAS REGION
ã°ããã»ã¬ããã³ã¹ãšã¯ïŒECOWASã®éèŠèª²é¡ WORDS: H.E. MR. KHADIM DIOP, Minister for African Integration, NEPAD and the Promotion of Good Governance
Good governance is both a means and an end to a socio-economic development, which is both sustainable and inclusive. It is even a must. If, despite its uncountable natural resources, Africa has been unable to develop, it is partly because of poor resource governance. West Africa is no exception to this. However, considerable efforts are being taken at ECOWAS level, and nationally, to improve this.
ã°ããã»ã¬ããã³ã¹ ïŒè¯å¥œãªçµ±æ²»ïŒã¯ãæ ç¶çã ãŸãå æçãªç€ŸäŒçµæžçºå±ã®æ段 ã§ããã ç®çã§ããããå¿ é äºé ãšãèšã ãã ã¢ããªã«ãç¡å°œèµã®å€©ç¶è³æºããã ã«ããããããéçºãã§ããªãã£ããšã ããã äžå ã¯ãç²æ«ãªè³æºã¬ããã³ã¹ã« ããã 西ã¢ããªã«ããã®äŸå€ã§ã¯ãªãã ã ããã ãã®åé¡ã®æ¯æ£ã®ããã«è¥¿ã¢ã㪠ã«è«žåœçµæžå ±åäœïŒECOWASïŒããã³åœ 家ã¬ãã«ã®åæ¹ã§ããªãã®åãçµã¿ã è¡ãããŠããã
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or example, in 2003, the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) adopted a mining code. In 2009, ECOWAS adopted the mining directive, covering harmonization of mining sector guidelines and policies in its Member States, and which is the first step towards the establishment of a Community mining code.
If, despite its uncountable natural resources, Africa has been unable to develop, it is partly because of poor resource governance. In Senegal, we have also initiated the revision of the 1988 mining code to take account of profound changes in the socio-
77 // JANUARY 2016
Minister Khadim Diop Making good governance a priority for sustainable development in West Africa. economic and environmental context. I must, however, emphasise that civil society has to be at the heart of this change. An effort to harmonize standards is necessary so that the fundamental interests of our states and populations are better preserved. Only at this price can we avoid the recurring tensions that often accompany mining and that threaten peace and security in such zones, rather than making them more prosperous in a harmonious way. In addition, our member states should
strengthen their capabilities for contract negotiation with multinationals, especially in the highly complex area of extractive industries. This is the meaning of the advocacy by President Macky Sall of fairer Tax and Social Justice clauses in mining and oil contracts, which he made as part of his mandate as head of the Steering Committee of Heads of State and Government of NEPAD (New Partnership for Africaâs Development). This plea was favourably received by the G7 which launched the CONNEX initiative to improve the advice available to developing
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countries engaged in complex contract negotiations, particularly in the extractive industry. More generally, our member states must place Human Security at the centre of their action, by strict observance of democratic rules, the Rule of Law and human rights. SENEGAL, AN EXAMPLE TO FOLLOW
In Senegal, we are fortunate to have a leader, in the person of President Macky Sall, who made good governance a priority, who gives the necessary means and momentum needed to make it part our daily lives, and for whom my Department works. Since colonial times, in regard to four communes, Dakar, Gorée, St. Louis and Rufisque, Senegal has had a decentralization policy aimed at empowering people in the management of local affairs. In 1972, Senegal began widespread decentralization and, in 1996, a major reform allowed the conversion of decentralized communities into regions, and the transfer of nine areas of competencies to the three local government areas (regions, municipalities, and rural districts). In this process, the State recognized the role of citizens and civil society in Senegal and put significant training programs in place to support their participation and control on public action. Unfortunately, these programs have had limited results, since only a few local authorities implemented them and acted only while the program lasted. The resources of local authorities are also limited due to limited availability of local resources and insufficient state transfers. But the Civil Forum initiative was well received by all players and my Department, through a participatory and interactive process, is levering all these initiatives in order to institutionalize a mechanism for participation and citizen control that will be applicable in all the local authorities.
The challenges of decentralization in terms of good governance are significant. The challenges of decentralization in terms of good governance are significant. That is why, since he took up the highest office in 2012, President Macky Sall has undertaken a comprehensive reform of decentralization with Act 3, which aims to build capacity in the local government areas and to better structure development actions through economically viable territories. Our central concerns are promoting transparency in the management of local affairs, citizen participation and accountability. Act 3 is part of a package of
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reforms that have enabled Senegal to improve its performance in terms of good governance, and its ranking on international ranking tables, for example, the Mo Ibrahim Index where it is placed ninth. To accomplish this, the good governance promotion program implemented by my Department is structured around a national strategy aimed at, inter alia, strengthening the Rule of Law and democracy, transparency, the rational use of public resources, adhering to budgetary and financial procedures, the fight against corruption, the promotion of resultsbased management and governance education for behaviour change.
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JANUARY 2016 // 78
CÃTE DâIVOIRE
THE WORLD
INTERVIEW H.E. MR. JÃRÃME KLÃH WEYA AMBASSADOR OF CÃTE DâIVOIRE TO JAPAN
COTE DâIVOIRE-JAPAN:
STRENGTHENING THE GOOD RELATION OF FRIENDSHIP AND COOPERATION ã»
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è¯å¥œãªå奜ãšååé¢ä¿ JAPAN and the WORLD conducted interview with H.E. Mr. JérÃŽme KlÃŽh WEYA to collect his thoughts about the first ever ECOWAS-Japan Business Forum. JAPAN and the WORLDã¯ãžã§ããŒã ã»ã¯ã ãŒã»ãŠã§ã¢é§æ¥ã³ãŒããžãã¯ãŒã«å€§äœ¿ã«ã€ã³ ã¿ãã¥ãŒãã第1åECOWAS-æ¥æ¬ããžãã¹ã ã©ãŒã©ã 2015ãã«ã€ããŠäŒºã£ãã
H.E. Mr. JérÃŽme KlÃŽh WEYA Ambassador of CÃŽte dâIvoire to Japan. In October 2015 the first ever ECOWAS - Japan Business Forum was held in Tokyo. How important was it for you Excellency to see this Forum happen with Japan? What were your expectations and what are the outcomes of this Forum for CÃŽte dâIvoire? I would like to thank you for the opportunity you gave me to talk about CÃŽte dâIvoire to a Japanese audience through your magazine. Before answering your question, allow me to make a brief presentation of the ECOWAS region. ECOWAS area is not well known by Japanese people because of the distance between that part of the African continent and Japan.
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Therefore, I would like to give a brief presentation on ECOWAS. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), which was created in 1975, includes fifteen member states (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, CÃŽte dâIvoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo). Ten of them (Benin, Burkina Faso, CÃŽte dâIvoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal and Togo) are represented in Japan. The ECOWAS Headquarter is in Abuja, Nigeria. ECOWAS represents a big market of about 350 million inhabitants with a soil extremely rich in natural resources. By organizing this Forum, our goal was to
ECOWAS represents a big market of about 350 million inhabitants with a soil extremely rich in natural resources. showcase the ECOWAS region to Japanese people. My expectations were to strengthen the bilateral relationship between both countries by attracting more Japanese people and businessmen to come to CÃŽte dâIvoire and, on the other hand, to give Ivorian businessmen the opportunity to promote their businesses to the Japanese market. The Forum was a great success. It recorded more than 360 participants from the Japanese side and around 140 from the ECOWAS side.
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This Forum was an exceptional opportunity for the Japanese business community to have a better understanding of the West African region and further identify areas of investments. Can you please tell us about the CÃŽte dâIvoire-Japan relationship today and what are the main challenges to overcome in order to increase partnerships with Japan?
CÃTE DâIVOIRE
FACT Formerly known as the Ivory Coast, this West Africa country officially uses its French name, CÃŽte dâIvoire. The geography ranges from coastal beaches and forests in the south to a savanna plateau in the north. The country has 60 ethnic groups; the Baoule, inhabiting the central region, is the largest group.
Japan and CÃŽte dâIvoire enjoy excellent relations since the establishment of the diplomatic relations between the two countries after gaining independence in 1960. Since then, Japan has consistently been supporting CÃŽte dâIvoire in its development efforts. Our relations with Japan are excellent, but the volume of trade between our two countries remain low, despite the enormous potentials. Therefore, I keep inviting Japanese businessmen to come to CÃŽte dâIvoire to discover the wealth of opportunities in terms of investment, through public-private partnership. There are already some Japanese Companies present in CÃŽte dâIvoire, such as Ajinomoto, Itochu, Mitsubishi Corporation, Marubeni, Toyota Tsusho Corporation that we are very proud of and thankful for. Yet I hope that the number of Japanese companies will increase in the near future. The forum also provided an opportunity to promote the tourism of CÃŽte dâIvoire. We have a variety of places that we have been strongly promoting, such as: 01.
The Basilica Notre Dame de la Paix of Yamoussoukro, the biggest Catholic church in the world.
02. The
historic City of Grand-Bassam, the first capital of CÃŽte dâIvoire, classified as World Heritage by UNESCO.
03. The
weavers of Tiébissou, in the centre of the country.
04. The
mosque of Kong, in the northern part of CÃŽte dâIvoire, built before 1741.
Regarding the challenges to overcome, I would like to cite two cases with their practical solutions. The first one is distance. As some Japanese may think that CÃŽte dâIvoire is far from Japan. However, CÃŽte dâIvoire is not far. Four airlines serve CÃŽte dâIvoire from Japan, namely Ethiopian Airline via Addis Ababa, Air France via Paris, Emirates Airlines via Dubai and Turkish Airlines via Istanbul. The other challenge is the language barrier. French is the official language in CÃŽte dâIvoire but many local people can speak English. Furthermore, most of those who have studied in Japan speak fluent Japanese. Some of them who have returned home could serve as local staff for Japanese companies that plan to set up or to do business in CÃŽte dâIvoire.
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ECONOMY
In addition, more information on economic potential and the business environment in CÃŽte dâIvoire is available at the Abidjan offices of JETRO and JICA as well as the Embassy of CÃŽte dâIvoire in Japan. Excellency, in September 2015, CÃŽte dâIvoire was celebrating its 55th anniversary of independence in Japan, which was a chance to understand that the relationship between Japan and CÃŽte dâIvoire is strengthening on many levels. What are your objectives and expectations for 2016? I would like to take advantage of this interview to express my appreciation to all the guests that joined us to celebrate, in particular to the following distinguished personalities: Hon. Yasutoshi NISHIMURA State Minister of the Prime Ministerâs Cabinet office. Hon. Hidemichi SATO Parliamentary Vice-Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Hon. Ichiro AISAWA Chairman of Japan-AU Parliamentary Friendship Association. Hon. Daishiro YAMAGIWA Former State Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry. Hon. Asahiko MIHARA Secretary-General of Japan-AU Parliamentary Friendship Association. Hon. Tetsuro YANO President of AFRECO. I would like to extend my apologies to all those who I have not mentioned.
Industry: Foodstuffs, beverages; wood products, oil refining, truck and bus assembly. Agriculture: Coffee, cocoa, bananas, palm kernels; timber. Exports: Cocoa, coffee, timber, petroleum, cotton. In terms of objectives, I can say that the main one is to further strengthen the good relations of friendship and cooperation in various fields between CÃŽte dâIvoire and Japan. An example of this willingness is the creation of the Japan-CÃŽte dâIvoire Friendship Association on October 23rd 2015, which was officially launched on November 13th, 2015. This association, which I called for, since I took up my duties in September 2011, is composed of the leaders of major Japanese industrial and commercial Companies operating in CÃŽte dâIvoire or having a project there, as well as all Japanese who have an interest in any sector in CÃŽte dâIvoire. Moreover, I would like to welcome the African Business Education Initiative for Youth (ABE Initiative), which aims to support young personnel with potential to contribute to the industrial development of Africa. As we know, the expected outcome of the program is to create a network of potential contributors to the development of African industries who will also lead Japanese businesses to engage further in economic activities in Africa. I thank JICA and all people involved in this initiative for selecting Ivorian participants and I hope that more applicants from CÃŽte dâIvoire will succeed the next selection. I think that the ABE Initiative will give stronger guaranties to Japanese companies that plan to set up businesses in Africa.
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CÃTE DâIVOIRE
THE WORLD
Indeed, the Initiative will become the real bridge between Japanese Companies and Africa, and in particular between the Japanese Companies and CÃŽte dâIvoire. FOCUS: SPORTS
Does sport play a key role in the promotion of CÃŽte dâIvoire in Japan? Of course, sport plays an important role in bringing people together. And the match between Japan and CÃŽte dâIvoire during the last World Cup gave an opportunity to Japanese people to know CÃŽte dâIvoire. I avail myself of this opportunity to thank the Japanese Authorities for their support to the promotion of sports in CÃŽte dâIvoire, in particular Judo. Thus, during his visit to CÃŽte dâIvoire in January 2014, the Prime Minister Shinzo Abe offered some equipment to the Ivorian Federation of Judo. He also attended a Judo tournament. I will conclude by expressing my sincere gratitude to âJAPAN and the WORLDâ for giving me this special opportunity to present CÃŽte dâIvoire to its readers and to the Japanese audience. Exchange of Soccer Jerseys between Prime Minister Abe and H.E. Mr. Alassane Ouattara, President of CÃŽte dâIvoire during the Prime Ministerâs visit to CÃŽte dâIvoire in January 2014.
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Credential ceremony of H.E. Mr. Yuji Kurokawa, former Ambassador of Japan to CÃŽte dâIvoire and president of the CÃŽte dâIvoire - Japan Friendship Association. ã¯ãŒã«ã®å ¬çšèªã¯ãã©ã³ã¹èªã§ãã ããããå€ãã® åœæ°ãè±èªã話ããŸãã æ¥æ¬ã§ã®çåŠçµéšã®ãã åœæ°ãªãã»ãšãã©ã®äººã¯æµã¡ãããªæ¥æ¬èªã話ã ãŸããåž°åœåŸã ã³ãŒããžãã¯ãŒã«ã§äºæ¥ã®ç«ã¡äžã ãå±éãèšç»ããŠããæ¥æ¬äŒæ¥ã®çŸå°ã¹ã¿ãããš ããŠåãè ãããã§ãããã ã³ãŒããžãã¯ãŒã«ã®çµæžã®æœåšåãããžãã¹ç°å¢ ã«ã€ããŠããã«æ å ±ãå¿ èŠãªãã æ¥æ¬è²¿ææ¯èæ© æ§ïŒJETROïŒ ãšåœéååæ©æ§ïŒJICAïŒ ã®ã¢ããžã£ã³ äºåæããåšæ¥ã³ãŒããžãã¯ãŒã«å€§äœ¿é€šã§ãæã« å ¥ããŸãã
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JANUARY 2016 // 82
MALAWI
THE WORLD
MALAWI
DOING BUSINESS IN THE RIGHT WAY
æ£æ»æ³ã§ããžãã¹ã Malawi has certainly promising economic prospects and major opportunities to offer, in particular in the areas of telecommunications, agriculture and food processing, transport, tourism, and energy.
ãã©ãŠã€ã¯çµæžã®å±æãæãããå¯èœ æ§ã«ãå¯ãã§ããã ããã¯ééããªãã ãšãããéä¿¡ã蟲æ¥ãé£åå å·¥ã茞éãæ è¡ã ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®éšéã«æ³šç®ãã¹ã㧠ããã ããããã©ãŠã€ã§ã®ããžãã¹ã®ç« ã¡äžããšå±éã¯ãšãã«å®¹æã§ã¯ãªãã
T
he Ministry of Industry and Trade has expressed optimism that the current reforms will push Malawi into the top 100 ranking on the World Bankâs Doing Business Index in the next two years. According to 2009 Enterprise Surveys, the top 3 obstacles to run a business in Malawi are: access to finance, transportation, and practices of the informal sector. To overcome those challenges, in 2015 the Government launched campaign to push the countryâs to attract foreign investors after noting that the poor environment especially on land acquisition, utility connectivity, legal environment and business permits issuance, among others pushed several prospective investors to the neighboring countries. Several reforms have been employed to improve the situation, among them the setting up of the One Stop Center at the MITC where investors can get a full assistance how to establish their businesses. Malawi has a great market to be explored. Export of products such as coffee, tea, groundnuts, macadamia and tobacco, but also of textile articles, rubber and woven appeal are great opportunities for foreign investors. Malawi government has also embarked on investing in agro-processing through Green Belt Initiative project that seeks to irrigate over 100,000 hectors to improve agriculture products and value added. There are number of incentives in the industry and there are already some companies that have already started producing products under this arrangement such as Malawi Mango factory. One of the organizations that are interested in trade projects with Malawi is Trade Facilitation of
83 // JANUARY 2016
FACT Malawi lies landlocked in southeast Africa, with Lake Malawi taking up about a fifth of the landscape. Independent from Britain since 1964, it endured the one-party rule of President for Life Hastings Kamuzu Banda for more than 25 years. Democratic elections in 1994 ushered in new leadership of this country, nearly self-sufficient in food.
ECONOMY Industry: Tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products. Agriculture: Tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea; groundnuts; cattle. Exports: Tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, minerals.
Text From: National Geographic Atlas of the World, Eighth Edition
Canada (TFO Canada), a non-profit organization funded by Canadian Government that confronts the challenge of global poverty by promoting sustainable economic development. This is possible through export information, advice and contact in Africa and other parts of developing world. There are already many successfully accomplished projects run under TFO, such as preserving culture through development in textiles in Ethiopia; strengthening trade of Peruvian mangos; empowerment of Indonesian women exporters. However, despite the fact that TFO Canada provides with variety of assistance many countries failed to exploit available opportunities. Malawi lost trade opportunity to utilize $20bn offered by Canada through Canadian Market Access Initiative due to the limitation in production capacity and standards. To increase an export to Canada, a three-day seminar took place in Lilongwe (Malawi) for Malawian business people in November 2015. The seminar was organized by TFO Canada to
make business people aware how to explore business offers in Canada. The main challenge to overcome is that producers in Malawi do not have a capacity to produce enough to satisfy the Canadian consumers. Malawian Ministry of Industry and Trade, therefore, came up with several solutions to tackle this issue. One of them is the National Export Strategy (NES) 20132018. The NES provides clearly prioritized and phased plans of action in four key areas. NES FOUR KEY AREAS 01
02
03
The first area is developing priority export clusters that can complement the exports of traditional products such as tobacco and tea. Second are plans to improve the enabling environment for private sector growth through enhancing the productive base of the economy. Third are plans to develop key institutions that are key for sustainable growth.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Malawian pluckers work their way through tea plants field at the Makandi Tea Estate factory on April 18, 2015, in Thyolo, Malawi. Tobacco and tea are among of Malawiâs main exports.
04
Fourth are plans on how Malawi can address its current skills gap in the productive economy-this is critical for job creation and economic empowerment.
Implementation of the NES will be driven by the Government, in close collaboration with the private sector, civil society, farmer organizations and women and youth groups.
Countries such as Japan, have been also taking an active role in facilitating an expansion of business in Malawi through grant aid and technical assistance. Countries such as Japan, have been also taking an active role in facilitating an expansion of business in Malawi through grant aid and technical assistance. The Government of Japan and the Embassy of Japan to Malawi supports the development of Malawi across a wide range of areas including agriculture, infrastructure development, environment and climate change management, health, education, and water supply and sanitation. Such assistant can be considered as another solution to create an attractive business environment not only for Canada but for many other countries willing to import Malawian products. Another efforts to enhance Africaâs, and Malawian, development is under the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) process. This renewed vigor has resulted in Japan resorting to tailor its support towards
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
alleviating poverty through economic growth. Private investment is critical to economic growth and is therefore indispensable for the development of African countries including Malawi. In this regard, it is imperative for Malawi to communicate its attractiveness as an investment destination.
2
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Malawi has some of the best agronomic conditions in the world for growing tropical fruits, including mangoes and bananas.
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85 // JANUARY 2016
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SEE MORE A visit to MITC website www.mitc.mw and a chat with Malawi Embassy in Tokyo will give you a scope of what is there. ãã©ãŠã€æè³è²¿æã»ã³ã¿ãŒïŒMITCïŒã®ããŒã ããŒãžã¯ ãã¡ãã§ãwww.mitc.mwãçŸå°ã®æ å ±ã¯åšæ¥ãã©ãŠ ã€å€§äœ¿é€šã«ããæ°è»œã«ãååããã ããã
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
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THE WORLD
Jamaica Blue MountainsâView from Clifton Mount Estate on coffee plantation.
Jamaicaâs tourism had its beginning in the nineteenth century when invalids started coming to Jamaica to escape the cold winters in England and North America. The first tourist hotels were built in Montego Bay and Port Antonio in the 1890s. In those early days, tourism was limited largely to rich visitors.
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ourism began to prosper in Jamaica after World War I, when improved transportation made it easier for people to get from one country to another.
Jamaicaâs beauty, warmth and hospitality are world renowned. Its mix of natural paradise and welcoming accommodation is value added to a diverse picture of its offerings.
87 // JANUARY 2016
JAMAICA FEELS ALRIGHT!
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Jamaica is among the worldâs most favored tourist destinations. It attracts more than two million visitors every year. This country not only offers the wonderful perks of nature, but world-class attractions, as well, starting with the mountain chain, forests and scenic waterfalls, ending with the heavenly turquoise waters of its beaches. The Blue Mountains are located between Kingston to the south and Port Antonio to the north. Rising to 2,256 metres (Blue Mountain Peak), they are some of the highest mountains in the Caribbean. The climate of the region is cool and misty with high rainfall. The soil is rich, with excellent drainage. This combination of climate and soil is considered ideal for coffee. Over the past few decades, Jamaican coffee has developed a reputation that has made it one of the most expensive and sought-after coffees in the world. Over 65% of all Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is exported to Japan.
65%
Over 65% of all Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is exported to Japan.
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Its north coast has become the islandâs tourist center, the main points being Montego Bay, Ocho Rios and Port Antonio. Many tourists visit Kingston, but this city is most important as a commercial centre and the seat of the Government. Hotels in Jamaica such as Round Hill (Montego Bay), Courtleigh or Spanish Court Hotel (Kingston) provide luxury services by comfort of its suites and an excellent staff. On top of Jamaica`s natural beauty, its people are hospitable and welcoming. A mixture of the
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many ethnicities that have landed on the islandâs shores over the past several centuries creates a very unique culture. From painting to music, language to food, the Jamaican people have so much to offer the world. The culture is richly flavored by its cuisine. The aromatic spices of the Caribbean have allowed the islandâs kitchens to create one of the most unusual fusions of flavors in the world. Most popular on the menu is Jamaican jerk, a marinade that can be added to almost anything, but usually meat. The spicy sauce includes many of the islandâs native ingredients. Seafood is also prevalent on the island, but most truly Jamaican dishes, which intimidate most visitors, include cow foot stew, goatâs head soup and curried goat. The most popular form of Jamaican music is reggae but there are many more. Jamaican folk music has come from many sources over the years. The most notable influence on many of the sounds found here is Africa, in celebrations of birth, death, and harvesting. Jamaica is a beautiful and vibrant country, indeed, full of energy and culture.It offers something for everyone.
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ROUND HILL HOTEL AND VILLAS ã©ãŠã³ããã«ããã«ïŒãŽã£ã©ã¹ Set on a 45-hectare former sugarcane plantation, this elegant, beachfront resort is 18 km from both Sangster International Airport and downtown Montego Bay. Bright, Ralph Lauren-designed rooms come with ocean views and rainfall showerheads in its villas offering 2 to 6 bedrooms. ãã€ãŠãµããŠãã蟲åã ã£ã45ãã¯ã¿ãŒã«ã®åå°ã« 建ã€ã ãã®ãšã¬ã¬ã³ããªããŒããªãŸãŒãã¯ã ãµã³ã°ã¹ã¿ ãŒåœé空枯ãããã¢ã³ããŽã»ãã€ã®ç¹è¯è¡ããã18 ããã®ãšããã«ãããŸãã ã©ã«ãã»ããŒã¬ã³ããã¶ã€ã³ ãææããæãã客宀ããã¯åºã ãšããæµ·ãäžæ㧠ããå¯å®€2ïœ6宀ã®ãŽã£ã©ã«åãä»ããããã·ã£ã¯ãŒ ã¯è±å¯ãªæ¹¯éã人æ°ã§ãã
Website: www.roundhill.com Reservation: 1-800-972-2159
SPANISH COURT HOTEL 㶠ã¹ãããã·ã¥ ã³ãŒã ããã« Spanish Court Hotel is located in New Kingston, 30 km from Port Royal historical district. It offers a spa, fitness centre and a roof terrace with an infinity pool and great views. Drive to Devon House and the Bob Marley Museum within 5 minutes from the Spanish Court. Constant Spring Golf Club is 8 minutesâ drive away. New Kingston is a great choice for travellers interested in shopping, business and culture. ã¹ãããã·ã¥ã³ãŒãããã«ã¯ãæŽå²çé åã«ããµã ãããŒãã»ãã€ã€ã«ãã30ããã®ãã¥ãŒãã³ã°ã¹ã ã³å°åºã«ãããŸãã ã¹ããšãã£ãããã¹ã»ã³ã¿ãŒãå ãã ãããŠçŽ æŽãããçºæãèªæ ¢ã®å±äžãã©ã¹ã«ã¯ ã€ã³ãã£ããã£ããŒã«ããããŸãã ããããããŽã©ã³ã» ããŠã¹ãããã»ããŒãªãŒåç©é€šãŸã§è»ã§5åããã ããŸããã ã³ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ãã¹ããªã³ã°ã»ãŽã«ãã¯ã©ããŸã§ ã¯è»ã§8åã§ãã ãã¥ãŒãã³ã°ã¹ãã³ã¯ã ã·ã§ããã³ã°ãæåã«èå³ ã®ãã芳å 客ã®ã»ãã ããžãã¹èšªåè ã«ããã£ãŠã€ ãã®è¡ã§ãã
Website: www.spanishcourthotel.com Reservation: 1-844-255-5139
COURTLEIGH HOTEL AND SUITES ã³ãŒãã¬ã€ ããã« ã¢ã³ã ã¹ã€ãŒã This distinguished award winning property is located on the main strip in New Kingstonâ Knutsford Boulevard. The property is ideal for individual business and leisure travelers as well as small-medium size groups. With views of the city, Kingston Harbor, and the surrounding mountains, Courtleigh Hotel and Suites is approximately 20 km from Norman Manley International Airport and is located on the âhip stripâ of Knutsford Boulevard, in the upscale commercial and shopping district of New Kingston. The hotel is the perfect jump off point for visits to the old pirate city of Port Royal, the Bob Marley Museum, Lime Cay for swimming, and the Blue Mountains for hiking or sightseeing tours. ãã¥ãŒãã³ã°ã¹ãã³ã®ç®æãéãã ããããã©ãŒãã»ã ãŒã«ããŒãã«å»ºã€æ°åãã4ã€æããã«ã§ãã ããžã ã¹èšªåã芳å ç®çã®å人客ã ãã§ãªããå°äžèŠæš¡ã® ã°ã«ãŒãæ è¡ã«ãçæ³çã§ãã åžå ãããã³ã°ã¹ãã³æž¯ã ããã«ã¯åšå²ã®å±±ã ãŸã§ã äžæããã³ãŒãã¬ãŒããã«ïŒã¹ã€ãŒãã¯ã ããŒãã³ã»ãã³ ã¬ãŒåœé空枯ããããã20åã ãã¥ãŒãã³ã°ã¹ãã³ã® é«çŽåæ¥å°åºã§ãæµè¡ã®æå 端ãããç¹è¯è¡ ããã ãã¹ããªããã ãšããŠç¥ãããããããã©ãŒã«ãã»ããŒã« ããŒãã«ãããŸãã ãã€ãŠæµ·è³ã®æž¯çºã ã£ãããŒãã»ã ã€ã€ã«ãããã»ããŒãªãŒåç©é€šã ã©ã€ã ã»ããŒæµ·æ°ŽæµŽå Žã ãã«ãŒããŠã³ãã³å±±èã§ã®ãã€ãã³ã°ã芳å ãã¢ãŒãª ã©ã ãã³ã°ã¹ãã³èŠ³å å°ãžã®è¶³æãããšããŠæé©ã§ãã
Website: www.courtleigh.com Reservation: 1-876-936-3570
JANUARY 2016 // 88
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INTERVIEW
JAMAICAâS TOURISM INDUSTRY IN ACTION!
ä»ããžã£ãã€ã«ã®æ è¡æ¥ãç±ã泚ç®ïŒ MR. PAUL PENNICOOK DIRECTOR OF THE JAMAICA TOURIST BOARD (JTB)
Paul Pennicook returned to the Jamaica Tourist Board (JTB) in July 2014 as the countryâs Director of Tourism for the second time, with more experience and a new mission. Mr. Pennicook was previously Director of Tourism in Jamaica from 2003-2006. He has built a distinguished career spanning almost 40 years working both in the private and public sides of Jamaica tourism. Aga Charytoniuk sat down with Mr. Pennicook to discuss his unique perspective on what has changed, and about new opportunity for tourism in Jamaica.
ããŒã«ã»ããã¯ãã¯æ°ã¯7æã«ãžã£ã〠ã«æ è¡å§å¡äŒïŒJTBïŒã«åŸ©è·ããã ããã« çµéšãç©ãã§ååœã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒã»ãª ãã»ããŒãªãºã ãšããŠäºåºŠç®ã®å°±ä»»ã ã ååã¯2003幎ãã2006幎ã«ãããå ãããä»åã¯æ°ãã«ããã·ã§ã³ãäžãã ãããããã¯ãã¯æ°ã¯ãžã£ãã€ã«ã®èŠ³å æ¥ã®ããã«å®æ°åæ¹ã§ã»ãŒ40幎éã« ãããå€åçµéšãç©ãã èŒãããçµæŽ ã®æã¡äž»ã§ããã ã¢ã¬ã»ãã£ãªããã¯ãã ãã¯ãã¯æ°ã«ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒããæ¥çåå ã®å€åããžã£ãã€ã«èŠ³å æ¥ã®æ°ããªã ãžãã¹ãã£ã³ã¹ã«ã€ããŠç¬èªã®èŠç¹ã§ èªã£ãŠããã£ãã
How does it feel to be back to JTB? I am happy to be back. I consider it a privilege to have been selected to run this next leg of the relay. I am a very well-known figure in the Jamaicaâs tourism industry so then I was very well received. I am very passionate about the tourism industry.
Mr. Paul Pennicook Director of the Jamaica Tourist Board (JTB) .
some positive progress in that regard. Yet, there are many things to work on.
In 2003, I joined JTB as its director, moving into the public sector for the first time in my life. As director, I am doing something for my country, and myself, so it feels I am in the right place.
In one of your statements, you mentioned that the main challenge currently facing JTB is to find resources to allocate it more into online rather than offline promotion. Do you have any strategies on how to achieve that?
When I returned to the JTB my hope and intention was to improve the public perception of Jamaica as a destination. We have made
What I was referring to is that we are spending too much of our sources on the traditional forms of media (television, print). And with a
89 // JANUARY 2016
changing world and a changing environment I thought it was important to put more efforts on online advertisement. In 2012 we were doing our consumer advertising in the United States, which is our largest market. We invested 90 % of our resources on television. I want to change it and shift more into digital marketing including online branding. In 2006, Jamaica achieved the highest percentage increase in visitor arrivals in a single year, for more than 30 years, driven by record-
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
THE WORLD
breaking investment in new hotel and resort development. What are the country branding strategies under this cadency to increase the number of inbound tourism? Jamaica has become one of the major brands for music, food and over the past years also for sport events like the Olympics. We currently have the fastest women and men in the world. These kind of achievements help to brand us. Then we have the Blue Mountain Coffee among other products that Jamaica is proud of. We can never forget about the warm and friendly nature of our people. Tourism is very important. We have built our brands over the years by advertising Jamaica across the world. We are at the point we had 3.5 million visitors to Jamaica in 2014, which is broken down to 2.1 stop-over visitors and 1.4 cruise visitors. And we differentiate them in the case of the cruise visitors because they only come for a day. The ship docks in the morning and leaves in the afternoon, which gives just enough time to explore the island. Overall, we are looking at 4% growth in inbound tourism in 2016 in comparison to 2015. This will be possible by increasing the room inventory and airline seats. What are the biggest opportunities and potentials in Jamaican tourism
still to be explored? The area where I think we can do better is developing a chain of meetings and conventions on a bigger scale. We do get smaller meetings of groups up to 200-300 participants, which can be handled by a hotel. We have a convention center opened in 2011 in Montego Bay. We need to work more on that. In terms of niche markets we consider a development of a medical tourism, but also sport tourism (golfers, surfers etc.). We are very keen on developing some specific markets, in particular in Asia. If we get 25000 tourists from Japan, 50000 from China, 10000 from Australia per year, then it would change a balance with the markets from U.S. and Canada. We want to achieve that. How do you think Jamaican tourism industry will look like in the near future? In your opinion, will the opening of Cuba to the U.S. market be beneficial or rather unfavorable to Jamaica tourism? We are willing to work with Cuba together as partners. Cuba is not going to take all the business from Jamaica. We have been competing with Cuba in the Canadian, European and Latin American markets for years. Jamaica got 2 million stop-over visitors
JAMAICA
last year, and Cuba got 3 million (excluding U.S.). Yes, they will open to the U.S. and they will have a lot of â&#x20AC;&#x153;curiositorsâ&#x20AC;? first, but they will not suddenly take all tourists going to Bahamas, Jamaica and other destinations in the Caribbean. What Jamaica could offer to Japanese tourists and how to encourage them to visit Jamaica despite a long flight? Japanese market is very important for us. We are not only offering beach type of holidays to them. We are selling history, culture (music), and cuisine. I know the Japanese people love reggae music and they want to dance and they want to experience it in Jamaica. I am Interested in inviting a lot of Japanese young single working women who want to have amazing holidays before they get married and settle down, and have their families. They fall into that group interested in music and culture. So a lot of them would go to Kingston to see Bob Marley Museum in Trench Town and attend many music events. Another target market is people who want to have their wedding ceremonies in Jamaica and the honeymooners. Before the world crisis in 2008 there were many young Japanese who wanted to have a
FACT Jamaica, a Caribbean island nation, has a lush topography of mountains, rainforests and reef-lined beaches. Many of its all-inclusive resorts are clustered in vibrant Montego Bay, with its British colonial architecture, and Negril, renowned for diving and snorkelling. Jamaica is famed as the birthplace of reggae with Bob Marley Museum in the capital, Kingston.
ECONOMY Industry: Tourism, bauxite, textiles, food processing. Agriculture: Sugarcane, bananas, coffee, citrus; poultry. Exports: Alumina, bauxite; sugar, bananas, rum.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
Text From: National Geographic Atlas of the World, Eighth Edition
JANUARY 2016 // 90
JAMAICA
THE WORLD
Western type of wedding in Jamaica but this Japanese market collapsed, unfortunately. We had 25000 Japanese visitors in a year. It does not sound like a big number when you think of how many Japanese travel around in Asia. But it is a lot for us! That is an average of 2000 visitors per month. Nowadays, we get about 3000 Japanese tourists per year. And we are trying to increase the number. For that, this year I will be visiting major travel agencies in Japan to encourage them to focus on Jamaica.
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JAMAICA TOURISM OVERVIEW
ãžã£ãã€ã«ã®èŠ³å æ¥ã®çŽ¹ä»
3.5
million
visitors to Jamaica in 2014. (2.1 stop-over visitors and 1.4 cruise visitors)
2014幎ã«èŠ³å 客ã¯350äžäººã«éãã ãã®ãã¡ãçææ»åšã210äžäººã ã¯ã«ãŒãºè¹èŠ³å 客ã140äžäººã§ããã
2 4 3000 million
stop-over visitors in 2015.
çææ»åšå®¢æ°ã§ã¿ããšã ãžã£ãã€ã«ã¯æšå¹Žã200äžäºº
%
growth in inbound tourism in 2016 in comparison to 2015. 2015幎ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠ2016幎ã«ã¯ã ã€ã³ããŠã³ã芳å ã®4ïŒ ã®æé·ã
Japanese tourists per year.
çŸåšã æ¥æ¬ããã®èŠ³å 客ã¯å¹ŽéçŽ3000人ã§ãã
For more information about Jamaica, please visit the official website of the Jamaica Tourism Board: www.visitjamaica.com
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
PROTOCOL
YOKOSO / WELCOME
YOKOSO
SLOVENIA
SLOVENIA AND JAPAN sLOVEniaâthe only country where love has been engraved
s LOVE niaïŒæãå»ãŸããå¯äžã®åœ
4
I
ãæåã«ãã®åæ§ããµããæ¥åºããåœ ã«ãé§æ¥ã¹ããŽã§ãã¢å€§äœ¿ãšããŠçä»» ããŸããã äºåœéé¢ä¿ã®å®å®çã§å¥å š ãªçºå±ãä¿é²ããçžäºç解ãæ·±ããäž¡ åœéã®ååã®ããã«æåãå°œãããŠãŸãããŸãã
âve arrived to this unique land of the rising sun four months ago, and as an Ambassador of Slovenia to Japan, I will do my utmost to promote steady and sound development of bilateral ties, enhance mutual understanding, and cooperation between our two nations.
å°ççã«ã¯é ãé¢ããŠããŸããã ã¹ããŽã§ã㢠ãšæ¥æ¬ã¯åŒ·åºãªå奜é¢ä¿ã享åããŠããŸããæ¿ æ²»å¯Ÿè©±ãç¶ç¶ããŠããã ããããã¯å šã¬ãã«ã§ æšé²ããåªåãç¶ããŠããŸããäž¡åœã®ååé¢ä¿ ã¯ãç¹ã«åœéçãå€åœéçãã©ãŒã©ã ã§æ¡ãã ãèŠããŠãããæ°äž»äž»çŸ©ã人暩ãæ³èŠåéã§äž¡ åœãèŠç¯ãšäŸ¡å€ãå ±æããŠããŸãã
Though far apart from each other geographically, Slovenia and Japan enjoy profound friendship. Political dialogue is ongoing, and we are constantly striving to upgrade it on all levels. Our cooperation is especially extensive in international and multilateral fora where we share similar norms and values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law.
æ¥æ¬ã¯ã¹ããŽã§ãã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠã¢ãžã¢ã«ãããæ ãéèŠãªããžãã¹ããŒãããŒã§è²¿æçžæåœã®äž ã€ã§ãã ãšãŒãããã®äžå¿ãšããæŠç¥çäœçœ®ã« ããã¹ããŽã§ãã¢ã¯ãé©æ°çã§ãæè¡çã«ãçº å±ãã茞åºå¿ååã§ããããšããã æ¥æ¬ããã®ã ããªãçŽæ¥æè³ãæè¿ããŸãã
Japan is one of Sloveniaâs most important business and trade partner in Asia. With is strategic position in the heart of Europe Slovenia as innovative, technologically developed and export oriented destination welcomes more Japanese direct investments. As an European Union member state works together with other members toward a deep and comprehensive Free Trade Agreement and Strategic Partnership Agreement between the EU and Japan.
EUå çåœãšããŠã¯ãEUã»æ¥æ¬éã®èªç±è²¿æå å®(FTA)ããã³æŠç¥çããŒãããŒã·ããåå® (SPA)ã«åºã¥ã匷åºã§å æ¬çãªé¢ä¿ã«åããŠã ä»ã®å çåœãšäžäžžãšãªã£ãŠåãçµãã§ããŸãã
H.E. MS. SIMONA LESKOVAR Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Slovenia to Japan
Ever more intensive people to people contacts have contributed greatly to better understanding of our cultures, and provide an important basis for further developing of good relations in various areas of our lives.
Sloveniaâs diverse landscape takes you to the Alpine world, uplands and lowlands of Pannonian planes, the Karst and the Adriatic coast. More than third of countyâs area is protected. Picturesque capital Ljubljana is 2016 European Green Capital. Slovenians are exquisite wine makers, with grapes ripen on the oldest vine in the world, and can offer culinary enthusiasts gourmet pampering that will want to repeat. Weâre celebrating 25th anniversary of our statehood in 2016. I would like to invite you to visit Slovenia, as this small jewel on the sunny side of the Alps is to charm even the most demanding guest. Come and âfeel sLOVEniaâ, the only country in the world that carries âloveâ in its name.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
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JANUARY 2016 // 92
MACEDONIA
VISITS
Mr. Nikola Poposki Macedonian Minister of Foreign Affairs.
INTERVIEW
RAISING PROFILE OF MACEDONIA BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ãã±ããã¢ãããžãã¹ç°å¢ã®ã€ã¡ãŒãžã¢ãã MR. NIKOLA POPOSKI MACEDONIAN MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
On October 29, 2015, Aga Charytoniuk sat down with the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Nikola Poposki to discuss the outcome from his current visit to Japan. 2015幎10æ29æ¥ã«ã¯ã Aga Charytoniukã¯ã ã±ããã¢ã®ãã³ã©ã»ããã¹ããŒå€çžã«ã€ã³ã¿ ãã¥ãŒãã ä»åã®èšªæ¥ã®ææã«ã€ããŠäŒºã£ãã 93 // JANUARY 2016
Macedonian Embassy was established 1 year ago in Japan, and this year Macedonia and Japan celebrate 21st anniversary of establishment of the diplomatic relations. The Embassy has been putting a lot of efforts to promote Macedonia to Japan in a field of trade, investment and tourism. What would you like to see within the next 21 years to be achieved?
As you rightly mentioned the focus will be business. We have already quite dramatically improved the business environment in Macedonia through the reforms. We are ranked 12th best place in the world and 6th in Europe according to the 2016 World Bank Doing Business survey. And this is something we need to present to Japanese businessmen and investors. We have put a lot of efforts in order to raise a profile of Macedonia to make the business world aware of the possibilities that we are offering.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
VISITS
The other focus is definitely tourism. We feel that Macedonia is full of potentials in this sector. So far, only a limited number of Japanese tourists visited Macedonia so we need to work on country branding strategies directed to the Japanese market. Macedonia i.e the city of Ohrid has been announced as one of the 30 most beautiful cities in Europe as a destinations to visit according to the JATA, which is already a good start. Another sector that Macedonia will be promoting in the next 10 years is culture and education. One of the programs that Japanese government has been granting to Macedonians is a number of scholarships. Our Ambassador to Japan, Dr. Andrijana Cvetkovik had also benefited from it. She received her doctorate in Japan and now is holding position of the first Ambassador of Macedonia to Japan. We want to see more of such successes. Macedonia offers full scholarships to all Macedonians to enroll to a top hundred universities in the world, and Japan has leading universities at the global scale. So, we will promote studying in Japan even more. At the same time, the exchange program should also include a vocational training of professionals who could transfer Japanese know-how to Macedonian experts. With the signature of memorandum of understanding with one of our universities in Macedonia focused on IT sector, we try to attract some Japanese students to study in Macedonia. During my official visit to Japan, I had a meeting with JICA representatives and we discussed water management project, irrigation system project and for that we are negotiating with Japan to provide us with sophisticated know-how and unique Japanese technology which will help us keep Lake Ohrid, the oldest lake in Europe clean and safe. Also you had a meeting with Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Kishida. Can you tell us what was discussed? What are the chances of opening Japanese Embassy in Skopje? This was one of the topics. Japanese Foreign Ministry gave a positive opinion to the opening of Japanese Embassy in Macedonia. This is now discussed within the Parliament. So we have been waiting for the final confirmation from the Ministry of Finance. Two embassies will strengthen our relations and will raise a profile of both countries with no doubt. We have also discussed some of our regional challenges and some of the issues that Europe has been facing in recent time, such as the consequences of migrant crisis. The Government of Japan granted assistance in the amount of 2,5 million dollars to Macedonia and Serbia over the migrant crisis, for supporting the existing efforts by the governments of Macedonia and Serbia in addressing the most urgent needs and priorities during the ongoing migrant crisis in the countries. At the same time, we have discussed several of bilateral projects but also issues concerning the United Nations.
JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
MACEDONIA
THREE FACTS ABOUT MACEDONIA
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Macedonia i.e the city of Ohrid has been announced as one of the 30 most beautiful cities in Europe as a destinations to visit according to the JATA.
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Macedonia is ranked 12th best place in the world and 6th in Europe according to the 2016 World Bank Doing Business survey.
The Government of Japan granted assistance in the amount of 8,2 million dollars to Macedonia and Serbia over the migrant crisis.
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Last yearâs visit of Macedonian Prime Minister, Mr. Nikola Gruevski, to Japan was inter alia to promote favorable investment environment in Macedonia. Which sectors do you think Japanese businesses are in particular interested in investing?
moving towards successful joining.
Macedonia has become more and more familiar to business people from US, Germany, Italy and other European countries due to a long history of trade. We feel that the biggest amount of investments took place in sectors of automotive components, electrical devises, IT, services, and pharmaceuticals in the past years. These would be the typical sectors, in which Japanese business community also see potentials. We are not limited to that. We have very competitive agriculture sector and several others. But this would be the one from the first line in terms of Japanese decision makers and business people on what Macedonia would offer on business side.
In my opinion, there is a high awareness of opportunities that Macedonia offers and that all the reforms that we have implemented within the last years allowed us to rise from 94 position of doing business of the World Bank report to the 12th position. Hence, I think that from Japanese and European perspectives it is obvious that Macedonia is meant to be part of the EU and that our Japanese partners would appreciate it. We have already shown the capacity to act as a responsible actor of the European family. We are an open society for cooperation with other countries and we clearly have an interest to see more of the European-Japanese cooperation developing in coming years.
Macedonia is a candidate for EU and NATO membership. Do you think that partnering with EU to tackle a current migrants situation in Europe will somehow speed-up the joining? Macedonia is located on one of the routs from Turkey and other Middle East countries to Northern and Western Europe. All European countries need to integrate sooner rather than later to overcome the crisis, keeping in mind that it has long-term consequences. The process of integration into the European Union for Macedonia has suffered from postponing. However, it has been slowly
We hope that this is going to be communicated at European leadership level in order to wrap up the process that Macedonia has started before other Balkan countries, as we signed the stabilization association in 2001.
This issue of Japan and the World magazine is devoted to women. What is your opinion on women in leadership positions? What can be done to promote empowerment of women worldwide? From a national perspective, as much as I am concerned, women have a critical role to play in our electoral system. We should have at least 1/3 of all electoral representatives in the parliament that are women. But, in reality we have roughly 37 % to 38 %, which makes us one of the leaders in the region but there are many other challenges to be tackled.
JANUARY 2016 // 94
MACEDONIA
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Personally, I think we should not look at the quality of women through numbers, because some of the most competitive experts, politicians, economists, and lawyers in Macedonia are women. We have policies of letâs say positive discrimination but everybody would agree that women are well educated, they are exposed to the public life and generally they are very well integrated to our decision-making processes. Some of our female members of the government are often say we are not here to substitute for a number in a quote but we are here because of our qualifications, and that is very sold argument. Macedonia has a tradition of having woman being in decision making position in both family and society, and in modern times many women were educated abroad and brought other good changes to the existing situation. For example our Ambassador in Japan is a female but she is not chosen because she is a woman, but because she is very competent, speaks Japanese language, knows the culture very well and thatâs what comes up at the top at the end of the day.
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JAPAN AND THE WORLD MAGAZINE
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OCTOBER 2015 - JANUARY 2016 PHOTO: INTER MEDIA JAPAN
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