Pashan Lake by Integrated Design

Revitalization Of Pashan Lake Nevolution Concepts and Technologies c/o Hotel Kala Sagar, P-4 plot M.I.D.C., Mumbai - Pune highway, Pimpri, Pune 4110034, Maharashtra, India. Ph. No. +91-020-271259015, 271124614

Contents

Pg no 18

9. Conceptual Proposal

1. Introduction 1.1 Pune City and its Development 1.2 Pashan Lake 2. Aim, Objectives and Concerns

01 02

10.Proposal

10.1 Master Plan 10.2 Details

20 21 26

11.Bill of Quantities

3. Existing Conditions 03 04

3.1 Water Quality 3.2 Inflow and Outflow 3.3 Flora 3.4 Fauna 3.4.1. 3.4.2. 3.4.3 3.4.4. 3.4.5.

05 Mammals Reptiles Aqua fauna Amphibians Avi-fauna

3.5 Accessibility 3.6 Ownership Pattern 3.7 Infrastructure 3.8 Vegetation Density 3.9 Development Plan of Pune City 3.10 Land Use in Pashan Lake Precinct 3.11 Built vs Open Space 3.12 Building Use

4. Issues

5.Existing Site Sections

6.SWOT 6. Sustainability Criteria for Water Bodies

16 17

7.Mitigations at Regional Level 7.1 Accessibility 7.2 Vegetation 8.Mitigations Measures for the Lake Precinct 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4

Planning Policies Vegetation Around the Lake Precinct Water Quality and Silt Management Edges

Index

Revitalization of Pashan lake N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

1.Introduction

Climate of Pune

1.1Pune City and its Development

M e a n m o n t h l y Temperature Max. - 38.1 c (April) Min. - 11.4c(Jan)

The city of Pune was once known as the pensioners paradise because of its pleasant climate , abundant natural resources, its vicinity from Mumbai and its cultural heritage.

Relative humidity Max - 86% (Aug) Min - 21%(March)

The city has various areas that are rich in bio-diversity. These areas not only act as the lungs of the city but also provide a haven for a large number of floral and faunal species. These areas can be categorized as

Annual total rainfall 722mm Mean monthly annual rainfall Max - 187 mm(July)

a. Natural resources - the water bodies and hills b. Manmade resources - the manmade lakes, parks However there has been habitat loss and habitat change due to which there has been a decline in the number of animal and plant life. The accelerated growth of the city in the last few decades has had a major impact on these natural resources.

Population -From 3 million people to 7 million people Land-From an area of 243 Sq.Km. to 450 Sq.Km. Water-From supply of 790 MLD, to 2000 MLD. Energy-From supply of 650 MW, to 1200 MW. Solid Waste-From generation of 1300 MT, to 3500 MT. Pollution Lvls -Air pollution estimated at 181.96 tonns /dayto 313 tons/day

Mean monthly wind speed Max - 10.2kmph (June) Min - 2.3 kmph(Dec)

(Fig 2 - Growth trends of Pune) PCMC

! Most of the development has been happening with out giving thought to the conservation

of the natural resources. Mula river

!Thus the impact of this development is seen directly on the various natural resources which

are fast deteriorating. !The classic examples are the rivers that have been converted into nothing but dumping

yards. Ironically the city was established at this particular location due to the presence of the rivers Mutha

1820 A.D. 1820-1890 1890-1950 1950-1970 1970-2001 (Fig 1 - Growth of Pune city from 1820 AD till date)

2001+

!However, the rivers are not isolated water bodies but form a part of a larger water system

which include the various lakes, ponds, streams and their catchments.

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

1. Introduction N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

!If the further development of the

Legend

city is not done taking into consideration the natural resources, then it can lead to a situation where it will be difficult for the city to sustain itself.

1.River 2.Tributaries 3.Lakes 4.Water shed

The lake that was once a part of a larger open space and habitat to numerous species - aqua and avi fauna lies in a state of neglect as almost all the development taking place has its back to the lake thereby serving as a garbage dumping ground. Rapid silting is also one of the major problem faced by the lake. Legend

!Hence the conservation of these

water bodies and their catchments is of utmost importance as they also form the habitat for various avi and aqua fauna, affect the micro climate, directly affecting the larger water system

2 1

4 3

1 Pashan Lake 2 Manas Lake 3 Watershed of Pashan Lake 4 Tentative direction of flow of surface Water

(Fig 3 - Natural water system)

1.2 Pashan lake The Pashan lake lies on the north west side of the Pune city, amidst a rapidly urbanizing area. Legend 1 Pashan lake 2 Mula river 3 Pavana river 4 Mula-Mutha river 5 Mutha river 6 Khadakwasla Dam 7 Manas Lake 8 Watershed of Pashan Lake

3 2 1

8 7

1000m

(Fig 5 - Catchment of Pashan lake)

The Pashan lake receives water from a larger area that comprises the surrounding hills and also the over flow from the Manas lake.

Pune

Thus any change in this catchment area directly affects the lake, and as stated earlier, the rapid urbanization in this region without proper understanding of the hydrological flows, will soon lead to the rapid degradation , shrinking and probable death of the lake.

This study intends to understand the past and the existing condition of the lake, the various factors affecting it, its importance in terms of its physicality, its ecological, social and economic values and arrive at mitigation measures to revitalize the lake and its surroundings.

10 km

15 km 20 km

(Fig 4 - Location of Pashan Lake with respect to Pune City)

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

1. Introduction N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

2. Aim

3. Existing conditions

To revitalize Pashan Lake precinct in terms of its ecological, social and visual values. To provide a comprehensive approach to revive and integrate the degenerating lake precinct into the urban fabric.

3.1 Water quality

Mula river

!The new development happening along the lake edge has its back towards the lake.

Objectives

!Dumping of garbage takes place along the lake edge.The city sewage line passes along the lake edge.

!To revitalize the lake by providing mitigation measures for the up

!Activities like brick kilns are placed next to the water course.

gradation of catchment area and inflow channels, introducing measures for de-silting and reducing the garbage and effluent flow in the lake. !To connect the expanse of openness of and around the lake to

achieve a homogeneous spatial organization. !To provide habitat for aqua as well as avi fauna. !To guide and propagate ecologically compatible activities along the

periphery of the lake with the lake as a magnet to attract people.

Concerns and Issues

Further deterioration in the water quality

!Development of slums with a lack of basic amenities leading to the abuse of the lake edge, where the people use the lake for daily activities like washing clothes. !Removal of vegetation in the catchment area has lead to heavy siltation of the lake and growth the of water hyacinth. !All this has led to the deterioration of the water quality and by the time the lake water reaches the river it is highly polluted.

Pashan lake

!The new development along the upstream is taking place without considering the water stream and hence the inflow of water is completely disturbed.

Degeneration of the lake is rapidly taking place due to the following reasons: More development leading to the deterioration of the water quality

!Rapid urbanization of the catchment area without understanding of

the hydrological flows !All the buildings with their backs to the lake !Dumping of garbage and effluent in the lake !Development of slums on the North-West side of the lake !Reduction of visual accessibility of the lake from its surroundings

due to new development

Manas lake

Comparatively less development in the earlier stage of the Pashan lake catchment and hence good water quality

(Fig 6- schematic plan showing change in the water quality)

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

2. Aim, Objectives and Concerns and Existing Conditions N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

3.2 Inflow and Outflow The lake receives water from three main inflow channels.It has two major outflow channels, one of which is blocked by an earthen bund.

Water body

Littoral zone

Upland

(Fig 8- Littoral zone)

The Littoral zone is a highly sensitive ecological belt found in transition between land to water body. Apart from its scenic value it performs important functions like preventing soil erosion, recharging water, breeding living creatures like insects, birds etc. The new development is edging the water courses hence, a very important aspect of the lake catchment - the littoral zone, along the inflow and out flow channels and the lake has been damaged causing deterioration of the water quality, heavy siltation etc.

3.3 Flora !The vegetation of Pune region region comes under the Dry deciduous forest type. However the Pashan region is moister, with taller (10-15 m) forests and scrub. !Studies in Pune city indicate the introduction of numerous exotic species in the region while

certain native species have disappeared due to extensive human intervention. The vegetation in the Pashan lake region is a combination of the native species and those indroduced during an afforestation program by the Government.

1000m

Babli (Acacia nilotic) Acacia leucophloea A. Chundra Neem (Azadirachta indica) Kadamb (Anthocephalus kadamba) Buch (Bauchania lanzan) Palash (Butea monosperma)1 Bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea, Dendrocalamus giganteus) Bahva (Cassia fistula)2 Cocnut (Cocus nucifera)3 Limbu (Citrus medica) Bhokar (Cordia rothi) Avala (Emblica officianalis)4 Nilgiri (Eucalyptus)5

(Fig 7 - Plan showing major Inflow and Outflow)

3. Existing Conditions

Revitalization of Pashan Lake N e v o l u t i o n

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Vad (Ficus bengalensis)6 Audumbar (Ficus glomerata) Pimpal (Ficus religiosa) Nil gulmohar (Jacaranda mimosifolia)7 Aamba (Mangifera indica)8 Meytenus rothiana Parkinsonia aculeata Copper pod ( Peltophorum ferruginum)9 Wild date palm (Phoenix sylvestris) Pongamia pinnata Guava (Psidium guajava) Bottle palm (Roystonea regia), Jambul (Sygyzium cumini)10 Rain tree (Samania saman) Fountain tulip (Spathodea companulata) Chinch (Tamarindus indica) Badam(Terminilia kattapa) Arjun(Terminilia arjuna)11 Zizyphua xylopyra

6 7

3.4 Fauna 3.4.1. Mammals Five stripped squirrel (Funambulus pennanti Wr)12 The common mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii Geoffroy)13 The common otter (Lutra lutra linn.)14 Giant squirrel (Ratufa indica)

3.4.3. Aqua fauna 13

3.4.2. Reptiles Turtle Indian flapshell turtle (Lissemys punctata)15

Gecko Brook's house gecko (Hemidactylus brookii) Northern house gecko (Hemidactylus flaviviridis) Bark gecko (Hemidactylus eschenaultii)16 Termite hill gecko (Hemidactylus triedrus) 15

Lizard Indian garden lizard (Calotes versicolor)17 Fan-throated lizard (Sitana ponticeriana)18 Keeled grass skink (Mabuya carinata) Common Indian monitor lizard (Varanus benghalensis) Snakes Buff-striped keelback (Amphiesma stolata)19 Common Indian krait (Bungarus caeruleus)20 Nagin(Coluber fasciolatus) Slender racer/Songtya (Coluber gracilis)21 Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) Sawscaled viper (Echis carinatus) Common Indian trinket snake (Elaphe helena helena)22 Durkya ghonas (Eryx conicus)

Hydrophis srticticollis Hydrophis coerulescens Kavdya (L. Aulicus) Gunthers smooth snake(Liopeltis calamaria) Common wolf snake (Lycodon aulicus) Barred wolf snake ( Lycodon striatus)23 Macrocephalaphis cantoris Green keelback/Gavtya (Macropisthodon plumbicolor) Spectacled cobra (Naja naja) Pandivad (Natrix piscator) Naneti (Natrix stolata)24 Banded kukri snake (Oligodon arnensis) Wolf snake (Oligodon Brevicauda, Oligodon Teniolatus 25 Oligodonvenustus 26 , Lycodon flavomaculatus) Indian rat snake/Dhaman (Ptyas mucosus)27 Brahminy worm snake (Ramphotyphlops braminus)28 Beaked worm snake (Rhinotyphlops acutus) Bombay shieldtail (Uropeltis macrolepis) Phipson's shieldtail (Uropeltis phipsonii)29 Typhlops braminus Typhlops porrectus Checkered keelback water snake (Xenochrophis piscator)30

Amblypharyngodon mola 30 Gor amblee (Aspidoparia morar)31 Teenohr (Barilius barna) odhie(Barilius bendelisis, Barilius gatensis) Catla catla Amli (Chela boopis, Chela clupeoides, Chela phulo) Laubuca Laubuca) 32 Cirrhinus cirrhosus 33 Mrigal (Cirrhina mrigala) Thook chatee (Danio aequipinnatus) 34 Danio malabaricus 35 Gara gotyla gotyla 36 Rohu (Lebeo rohita) Mystus malabaricus Nemacheilus rueppelli 37 Goongwaree(Ompak bimaculatus) Kali Goongwaree (Ompak pabo) Osteobrama neilli Puntius amphibius Puntius conchonius 38 Puntius jerdoni 39 Ranjannah(Rasbora daniconius) 40 Rohetee ogilbii Pahadi/ shivada (Wallagonia attu)

31 31

35 34 37

3.4.4. Amphibians 19

Common Indian toad (Bufo melanostictus) 41 Ornate frog (Microhyla ornate)42 Skipper frog (Rana cyanophlyctis)

3. Existing Conditions

Revitalization of Pashan Lake N e v o l u t i o n

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Cricket frog( Rana lymnocharis) 43 Tiny cricket frog (Rana sahyadrensis) Indian bull frog (Rana tigerina) 44 Southern burrowing frog (Tomopterna rolandii) 43

3.4.5. Avifauna Birds Black Ducks Pale Harrier (Circus macrourus)45 Montagues Harrier Rosy pastor(Pastor roscus) Short toed lark (Calandrella branchydactyla)46 Black headed bunting(Emberiza melanocephala)47 Red headed buntig(Emberiza luteola) Weaver birds(Ploceus philippinus)48 Grey partridge(Francolinus pondicerianus)49 Painted partridge (Francolinus pictus) Green pigeon (M.harial) Yellow legged Green pigeon (Corcopus phoinicopterus chlorigaster) Sandgrouse(Pterocles exustus erlangeri) Blue rock pegion(Columba livia) Rain quail (Coturnix coromandelica) Great indian bustard (Choriotis nigriceps) Large indian parkeet(Psittacula eupatria) Rosed winged parakeets ( Psittacula karameri) 50 Blossom headed parakeet ( Psittacula cyanocephala) Purple sunbird (Cinnyaris asiatica) The purple rumped sunbird (Cinnyaris zeylonica) Yellow backed sunbird (Aethopyga s.vigrosi) The thick billed flower pecker (Dicaeum agile) The pink billed flowerpecker (Dicaeum erythrorhynchos Black headed oroile(Oriolus xanthornus) King fisher (Halycon smyrnensis) Blue jay(Coracius bengalensis)51 Shama (Copsychus malabaricus) 52 Black capped blackbird (Turdus maharattensis) Magpie robin (C.saularis) Butterflies Butterflies Caper white (Anaphaeis java) 53 Common castor(Ariadne merione)54 Common emigrant (Catopsilia crocale)55 Mottled emigrant (Catopsilia pyranthe) Common gull (Cepora nerissa)56 Small salamon arab (Colotis amata ) Small orange tip (Colotis etrida) 57 Plain orange tip (Colotis eucharis) Crimson tip (Colotis danae) 58 Plain tiger (Danaus chrysippus)

47 48

Common Indian Crow (Euploea core)59 Small grass yellow (Eurema hecabe) Spotless grass yellow (Eurema leata) Indian skipper (Hesperia sassacus) Great Eggfly (Hypolimnas bolina)60 Danaid Eggfly (Hypolimnas misippus)61 White orange tip (Ixias Marianne) Yellow orange tip ( Ixias pyrene) Pea blue (Lampides boeticus) Common tree brown (Lethe daretis) Psyche (Leptosia nina) Common evening brown (Melanitis leda leda) Common rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae asteris) Crimson rose(Pachliopta hector) 62 Lime (Papilio Demoleus Malayanus) 63 Glassy Tiger (Parantica aglea) 64 Common wanderer (Pareronia valeria) Yellow pansy (Precis hierta) Blue pansy (Precis orithya) 65 Lemon pansy (Precis lemonias)66 Peacock pansy (Precis almana) Common line blue (Prosotas nora) Pale Grass Blue (Pseudozizeeria maha) Zebra Blue (Syntarucus plinius)67 Painted lady (Vanessa cardui)68 Common three ring (Ypthima pandocus corticaria)69 Common five ring (Ypthima baldus) Blue Tiger (Tirumala limniace) Dark Grass Blue (Zizeeria karsandra) Tiny Grass Blue (Zizula gaika) 70 African babul Blue Angled castor Black rajah Beavens swift Bright Babul Blue Common Pierrot Common small flat 71 Common Tiger Dark palm dart Dull babul Blue Grass jewel Joker Lesser Grass Blue Pale palm dart 72 Plains cupid 73 Red baron Rounded/Rusty/Striped Pierrot Shot siverline Slate flash Small cupid Spotted small flat 74 Stripped albatross Red pierrot 75 Rise swift

3. Existing Conditions

Revitalization of Pashan Lake N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

3.5. Accessibility

3.7. Infrastructure

The lake is accessible from secondary accesses (from NH4 and NDA road).

The city sewage drain and water line are present along the main inflow channel and lake edge. A high tension line cuts across the lake.

However, the visual accessibility from the NDA road is completely cut off due to new development taking place in the area.

Primary road

High tension line

Secondary road

Water line

Tertiary road

Sewage line

(Fig 9- schematic plan showing accessibility of the lake)

(Fig 11 - Schematic plan showing position of drain and water line)

3.6. Ownership Pattern

3.8. Vegetation Density

Majority of the land surrounding the lake is owned by D.R.D.O. (Defense Research and Development Organization) and P. M . C . ( P u n e M u n i c i p a l Corporation).

The lake surroundings show great variation in the vegetation density. However, at many places the high density vegetation has mass planting of a single species like Eucalyptus or Acacia nilotica.

Very high density High density Medium density Low density

(Fig 10 - Schematic plan showing ownership pattern around the lake)

(Fig 12 - Schematic plan showing vegetation density

3. Existing Conditions

Revitalization of Pashan Lake N e v o l u t i o n

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Te c h n o l o g i e s

3.11. Built vs Open

3.9. Development Plan of Pune City

Legend

Majority of the land along Pashan lake is demarcated as a Green zone according to the Development Plan.

Built area Open area

The area next to the green zone has been marked as an industrial area.

(Fig 15 - Built vs Open)

(Fig 13 - Development Plan of Pune City

Pashan Lake and its immediate Precinct 3.10. Land Use

3.12. Building Use Legend

Legend

Drdo property

residential Institutional

Private property

Industrial Commercial

Government Property

(Fig 14 - schematic plan showing ownership pattern around the lake)

Public amminities

(Fig 16 - Building use

3. Existing Conditions

Revitalization of Pashan Lake N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

4. Issues The North-West side shows construction almost up to the edge of the lake.

Large mass of Government land is present along the lake edge.

Slums have developed along the lakeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edge devoid of even basic amenities like toiletâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s etc.

Theland belopnging to the water supply department shows a good amount of vegetation and biodiversity.

The surrounding hills are partially devoid of vegetation.

The only two access to the lake passing through public property are from the North-East side.

The inflow channel shows heavy siltation and weed growth. Garbage is dumped at the point where the channel enters the lake.

Mass plantation of Eucalyptus is seen along the lake edge

DRDO property shows comparatively less built up area and considerable amount of vegetation (habitat to numerous fauna). However, vegetation in some pockets near the lake comprises of Acacia nilotica which is an indicator of degradation.

The Katraj highway cuts across between the hill which forms a part of the catchment and the Pashan lake, and further abutts the edge of the lake. The upstream area of the lake is polluted and covered with water hyacinth.

Downstream (almost dry throughout the year except during monsoon)extremely polluted with discharge of effluentsand covered with algae. Brick kilns, slums are present next to the down stream.

Inflow channel shows good amount of vegetation. However it is lying in a state of neglect.

C o n s t r u c t i o n happening along the NDA road has blocked the view of the lake from the road.

New development channel has its back to the inflow channel.

4. Issues

Revitalization of Pashan Lake N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

Section at A

Construction upto the lake edge

Garbage disposed into the lake

Animals being washed in the lake

Section at B

The western edge of the lake shows good vegetation

Accessto tothe thelake lake Access

Access to the lake

Lake edge

Observations

A B

!Construction seen right upto the lake edge. !Garbage is being dumped along the lake edge and other activities like washing of animals, washing, bathing are done in the lake. !The western lake edge shows good amount of vegetation. !The only two access to the lake are inconspicuous.

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

5. Existing Site Sections N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

T e c h n o l o g i e s 10

Section at C C D

The inflow channel

E Observations

Construction upto the inflow channel edge

Section at E

!The inflow channel is dry shows extensive growth of water hycinth and weeds. !The point where the inflow channel enters the lake is dumped with garbage. !The area of the lake along the highway completely covered with the water hyacinth.

!The main inflow channel to the lake is polluted and covered with water hyacinth. !New development along the inflow has its back to the inflow channel. Garbage is being dumped in the channel.

Section at D

!The city sewage line passes through the inflow channel.

Lake and the temple precinct

Lake as from the temple precinct

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

5. Existing Site Sections N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

T e c h n o l o g i e s 11

Section at F

Inflow channel completely dried up

Garbage being dumped in the lake

Main Inflow channel

The lake completely covered with water hyacinth

The lake as seen from the DRDO property

Section at G

Inflow channel through the DRDO property

Lake edge showing bamboos and eucalyptus plantation

Observations !A high tension electrical line cuts through the lake. !.Garbage is being dumped in the lake apart from the inflow of effluents. The section of the lake along the highway is completely covered with the water hyacinth. !Though the surroundings of the inflow channel are vegetated a considerable number of Acacia nilotica are seen along the lake. The inflow channel has been filled up at some places and replaced with pipes. !The D.R.D.O.property shows considerably less development and more green areas. !The edge of the private property does not respond to the lake edge but is completely cut off.

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

5. Existing Site Sections N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

T e c h n o l o g i e s 12

Section at H

I H

Concrete bund across the lake

Observations !Downstream side is dry except during the monsoon and is a combination of water hyacinth, effluents, garbage dumps etc

The downstream completely covered with algae

!The city sewage line passes through the down stream. !Further polluting activities like brick kilns are located along the down stream. !D e n s e v e g e t a t i o n i s s e e n alongside the earthen berm which continues after the concrete dam.

Section at I

Section at J

The sewage line and water line passing through the down stream

!No interaction between the lake and the surroundings is seen. The earthen bund with the slums developing on the other side

The downstream which is dried up due to the earthen bund

!A large chunk of Government land along the lake edge (which shows good vegetation) is unused and remains inaccessible to the public. !The Sutarwadi area and its surroundings show very rapid development, almost up to the edge of the down stream. !Slums have developed near the lake. The lake edgeis used for daily activities - bathing , toilet, washing .

Section at B

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

Section at C 5. Existing Site Sections N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

T e c h n o l o g i e s 13

5. SWOT 5.1 Strengths !The immediate lake surroundings are owned by Government bodies (Fig 19)

To mumbai

Development taking p l a c e i n t h e surroundings of the lake at a very fast rate.

! As only some pockets of the surroundings

are urbanized the lake surroundings show a good amount of vegetation - showing diversity of species (Fig20).The surrounding vegetation is also a habitat for avifauna !Within the coming five to ten years

the Pashan area is expected to be completely urbanized and the lake would act as a breathing space for the surrounding area

Large chunk of surrounding land owned by Government bodies.

Fig 20

Fig 19

(Fig21)

Pashan lake as a breathing space for the surroundings

Green zones surrounding th e lake

Position of the temple precincts surrounding the lake

Fig 21

!The lake edges has existing socio- cultural binding elements like temples (Fig22)

Fig 22

5.3. Opportunities The future development of the upstream reaching the Pashan lake from the manas lake can be controlled and made to happen in a way that it respects and not abuses the natural resources. Present availability of the government open spaces around the lake indicate an opportunity of creation of public spaces linking the various open space.

5.2. Weakness !All the development happening is facing its

To mumbai

back towards the lake and the water courses thus the lake precinct acts more like a backyard to the development (Fig23) !The lake and streams are treated as a

Socio-cultural elements like the temple can form the foci for further development of related activities.

garbage dumping ground for the surrounding area (Fig24)

5.4. Threats

!The development taking place is blocking the view of the lake from all sides(Fig25) !The city sewage line passes very near to the lake edge - at places through the lake (Fig26)

Development around the lake with its back to the lake and streams

Garbage dumping points along the lake

Fig 24

Fig 23

The rate of development in this area is very high and if steps are not taken on time this may lead to rapid degradation of the lake as well as Fig 25 the hydrological flows and the catchment area as a whole

Almost no visual accessibility of the lake from the surroundings

The sewage and sullage lines passing near the lake is likely to cause pollution

!The people of the Sutharwadi village - lying

on the north of the lake are using the lake edge for garbage dumping, as toilet area, washing of clothes, animals etc

Development along the lake

Highly polluted downstream

New construction coming up blocking the view of the lake

5. SWOT

Revitalization of Pashan lake N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

T e c h n o l o g i e s 14

6. Sustainability Criteria for Water Bodies 6.1. Environmental planning a. Development of Littoral Zone: Set Back Of 25 m From river edge along the river edge for new developments. b. Bio diversity- Afforestation c. No Development on Hills Slopes less than 1:5

6.2. Urban planning and Design A. Land-use Pattern A. Open spaces Gardens, public parks & play grounds Open Grounds for weekly markets, informal markets and seasonal markets b. Amenities Temple and other religious precincts c. Institutional With low built up area, non-residential based d. Residential Low density housing Compulsory non habitable space on ground floor, like parking, etc. e. Neighborhood level commerce

B. Infrastructure Planning a. Storm water drainage filters b. Sewerage pipes along river on both banks to collect and carry sewage of the city to the Sewage Treatment Plant c. Stream water to be treated in secondary treatment plants at junction of river and streams and then only left in river.

C. Socio - Cultural Concern

Legend

a. Slum up-gradation b. Religious precincts C. Crematorium

Water body Road

D. Lake and Stream side Beautification

Development Promenades and Walkways Garden and parks

Littoral zone No development

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

6. Sustainability Criteria for Water Bodies N e v o l u t i o n

C o n c e p t s

a n d

Te c h n o l o g i e s

7.Mitigations Measures at Regional Level Water body

7.1. Accessibility Pedestrian access !Defined vehicular and pedestrian accessibility to the lake precinct to encourage people towards the lake precinct .

(Fig27-Pedestrian Access)

No access

!Provision of parking along service lane - the immediate lake edge devoid of vehicular accessibility Water body

!Bio diversity reserves provided. Areas devoid of human intervention to protect the flora and fauna of the region.

Parking area Vehicular access

7.2. Vegetation !Littoral zone provided along the water channels and lake edge where ever possible. !Afforestation using the native vegetation - along the lake surroundings, and on hills forming the part water catchment.

(Fig28-Vehicular Access)

Water body Development

Mass plantation to be done along the highway will act as a sound, air and water pollution barrier.

Mass plantation (Fig29-Green Zone along Nalla and Lake)

Littoral zone treatment

Water channel Treatment at upper Indira nagar, Pune

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

Nalla Treatment 6. Sustainability Criteria for Water Bodies N e v o l u t i o n

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8.Mitigations Measures for the Lake Precinct

8.4. Edges

8.1Planning Policies

The lake and water channel edges are treated with dry stone pitching wherever required, along with vegetation to hold the edges in place.

Slum rehabilitation programs to be put into practice. Provision of basic amenities for the surrounding slum areas.

This will also allow the movement of water through the lake edges.

Amalgamation of Government land surrounding the lake. Theme park proposed as an extension to the crematoriums. Water Body

8.2Vegetation around the Lake Precinct Paved areas

Littoral zone provided along the water channels and lake edge holds the soil and reduces erosion, pollution etc.

Plantations

Native vegetation planted on the island as Existing Bund well as the pocket next to the lake (devoid of Road human intervention) - a biodiversity reserve and safe habitat for fauna.

Bund

Existing Concrete Bund

Native plantation around the lake edge

The silt used to create an island in Fountainf for aeration the lake which forms a habitat for the avi and aqua fauna

Design Element 1. Jogging track along nalla and lake edge 2. Service lane for NH4 (Shopping street) 3. Mass plantation 4. Smruti Ban 5. Temple Precinct : Ghat 7. Restaurant + Nursery : Amphitheater 8. Island 9. Musical fountain 10. Street furniture

8.3 .Water Quality and Silt Management De-silting of the lake to be done . The silt used to create an island in the lake which forms a habitat for the avi and aqua fauna (devoid of human intervention) and also reduces the transportation effort and cost. Pre-dams to be constructed to reduce the velocity of the water entering the lake.

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

Littoral zone provided along the edge where ever possible

9. Conceptual Proposal

The DRDO property re vegetated with native species replacing the existing mass plantations of Acacia and Eucalyptus which are harmful to the ecosystem. Biodiversity of the area thus conserved. Mass plantation done along the highway acts as a sound, air and water pollution barrier

W a l k w a y s w i t h Dry pitching to hold d e s i g n e d s t r e e t the soil and allow the furniture along the movement of water edge

This will reduce the amount of silt accumulation in the lake improving the water quality. Further reduction in the the cost of de-silting of the lake every year (as only the desilting of the pre dams areas will be required). Fountains put up for areation of the water also act as a magnet to attract people to the lake.

8. Mitigation measures for the lake precinct, conceptual proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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10. Proposal 10.1Master plan

Open Air Amphitheater

Slum Up gradation Smruti Van

Crematorium Jogging Track

Mass Plantation Along Highway (Nh4) Service Road

Shopping Street

Restaurant+Nursery Jogging Track

Out Flow Channel

Ghat Musical Fountain

Temple Precinct

Temple Precinct Island Gasion Wall (Bund) Mass Plantation

In Accessible Area Nalla Treatment with Pitching + Jogging Track+ Plantation

Pedestrian Entry From Bharat Electric Board Property

Littoral Zone

Viewing Gallery

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

10. Proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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10.2Details B

Hill

Nh4

Detail at A

Service Lane

Restaurant

Mass Plantation Shopping Street

Nursery

Jogging Stone Amphitheater Pitching track

Temple Precinct Arial View

Section of Shopping Street Musical Fountain

Jogging Track

Musical Fountain

Amphitheater

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

10. Proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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C Section at B-B (Existing Condition)

Detail at A

Section at C-C after intervention

Jogging track and stone pitching around Model Colony Pune

Paving pattern for jogging track

Key Plan

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

10. Proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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Nh4 Section at A-A after intervention

Temple

Ghat Detail at B

Ghat at Wai (Temple Precinct)

Arial View of Temple Precinct

Amphitheatre

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

Key Plan

10. Proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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Section at A-A after intervention

Pashan Lake

Pavillon

Hard Landscape

Outflow Channel

Arial View

Stone Pitching

Temple Precinct

Parking Stone Pitching with Vegetation ( Nalla Park Pune)

Section at C-C after intervention

A C

Dense Vegetation

Island

Place for Birds

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

10. Proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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Trees for Pashan lake Shirish (Albizzia lebbeck) Neem (Azadirachta indica) Kadamb (Anthocephalus kadamba) Buch (Bauchania lanzan) Palash (Butea monosperma) Bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea, Dendrocalamus giganteus) Bahva (Cassia fistula) Limbu (Citrus medica) Gondan (Cordia rothii) Shisam ( Dalbergia sisoo, Dalbergia latifolia ) Gulmohar (Delonix regia) Avala (Emblica officinalis) Vad (Ficus bengalensis) Rabar (Ficus elastica) Audumbar (Ficus glomerata) Pimpal (Ficus religiosa) Nil gulmohar (Jacaranda mimosifolia) Aamba (Mangifera indica) Bakhana neem (Melia azadaacha) Bakul (Millingtonia hortensis) Shevga (Moringa olifera) Vilayati chinch(Pithecolobium dulce) Copper pod ( Peltophorum ferruginum) Karanj(Pongamia pinnata) Guava (Psidium guajava) Jambul (Sygyzium cumini) Chinch (Tamarindus indica) Badam(Terminilia kattapa) Arjun(Terminilia arjuna)

Temple precinct Bel (Aegle marmelos) Audumbar (Ficus glomerata) Pimpal (Ficus religiosa) Shami (Prosopis specigera)

Public spaces (amphitheatre, jogging track, Park etc.) Saptaparni (Alistonia scholaris) Buch (Bauchania lanzan) Cocnut (Cocus nucifera) Undi (Callophyllum inophyllum) Palash (Butea monosperma) Bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea, Dendrocalamus giganteus) Hamelia (Hamilia pattens) Jaswand(Hibiscus mutabilis) Bakul (Millingtonia hortensis) Bakul (Mimusops elangi) Shevga (Moringa olifera) Kanher (Nerium oleander) Chafa(Plumeria alba/rubra) Tecoma stans Tecoma gaudichaudi Badam(Terminilia kattapa) Kardal Duranta Lantana Wadelia trilobata

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

10. Proposal N e v o l u t i o n

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Signage and Street Furniture: Street furniture and signage always help people to use the public place in a proper and anticipated manner. Apart from their basic function these also add aesthetical value to the place and help the environment to become more vibrant. Aspects that need to be looked intoare: Signage a. Suggestive and directional in nature. b. Listing and segregation of informative and revenue generating signage. c. Spaces and facades designed exclusively for revenue generation through advertisements. d. Digital screens placement for information distribution. e. Guidelines required for signage especially the commercial ones to prevent confusion and over dominance. Street Furniture a. Design should be simple to use, hazard free, with less mobility. b. Street furniture should be aesthetically pleasing. c. They should be strategically placed. d. They must add essence to public places. e. Economical, efficient and of multi-use. f. Should require minimum maintenance and surveillance. Street lamps, benches, tree guards, dust bins, rain shelters, kiosks, display pavilions, telephone booths, paper reading stands, etc. are few types of street furniture that can be used on the edge of the lake.

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

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Bill Of Quantities for Pashan Lake Development Pune Item No. 1

6 7

Description Of Item Paved Areas A B C Edge Treatment Retaining Wall Pitching Raw Softscape Supplying and planting approved quality of trees as per instructions. Mass Plantation High Medium Low Street Furniture Seats Tree Gard Lighting Siganges Advertising Board Kiosks Shelters Dustbin Musical Fountain sculptures (Public Art) RCC Work Shops (Shopping Street) Area Excavation Filling

Unit sqm sqm sqm sqm sqm sqm

nos sqm

Rate (Rs/Sqm) (Rs/piece) Amount (Rs)

Quantity 20331 26657 9440

850 500 200

17,281,350 13,328,500 1,888,000

33605 4277

1500 450 200

15,122,250 855,400

sqm

200 402,758 2000 20,000

1500 200 300 120 70

300,000 80,551,600 600,000 2,400,000

nos nos nos nos nos nos nos nos nos nos

30 200 80 30 5 5 20 30 9 5

3000 1500 6000 15000 70000 320000 100000 2000

90,000 300,000 480,000 450,000 350,000 1,600,000 2,000,000 60,000

100000

500,000

nos sqm cum cum

35 3000 762277 200000

8000 45 50

24,000,000 34,302,465 10,000,000

Overall

206,459,565 Approx

Revitalization of Pashan Lake

21 Crore 11. Bill of Quantities

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