Big Drives, Big Savings Variable displacement pumps paired with variable frequency drives can revolutionize hydraulic press efficiency.
12 Understanding Instruments for Measuring Voltage, Current, and Resistance Stay sharp with this monthly lesson from the IFPS's study guide.
Departments
Publisher’s Note: The information provided in this publication is for informational purposes only. While all efforts have been taken to ensure the technical accuracy of the material enclosed, Fluid Power Journal is not responsible for the availability, accuracy, currency, or reliability of any information, statement, opinion, or advice contained in a third party’s material. Fluid Power Journal will not be liable for any loss or damage caused by reliance on information obtained in this publication.
My First Year as Editor
By Lauren Schmeal, Editor, Fluid Power Journal
» WHEN I FIRST learned I would be stepping into the role of Editor at Fluid Power Journal, my emotions ran the gamut from exhilaration to anxiety. It’s a position I’ve aspired to, and now that I’m here, the reality is both more daunting and more rewarding than I imagined. I bring to the role over 12 years of professional writing and editing experience, and the industry is an exciting and interesting new one for me to focus on.
THE WEIGHT OF RESPONSIBILITY
In my first year thus far, I feel a surge of pride as I open my inbox each day and see a flood of messages from colleagues, contributors, and the dedicated members of the IFPS. As each day progresses, my pride mingles with a keen sense of responsibility. Every word, every headline, and every image that appears under my watch would, in some way, reflect my judgment and vision. The Journal has a 31 year legacy, and I’m now its
steward. There’s an expectation to maintain the standards set by my predecessor, while also bringing something new to the table. I want to honor the publication’s past, but I’m also eager to carve out its future.
MEETING THE FLUID POWER JOURNAL TEAM
One of the first things I did was get to know everyone here. Everyone involved within the confines of our office brings the publication to life. I listened as they shared their experiences and hopes for what we could achieve together. These conversations were invaluable. I quickly realized that my role is to contribute within an environment where creativity and collaboration can thrive. As a team, we work seamlessly to provide our readers with expert-level content that resonates at all career levels.
FINDING MY EDITORIAL VOICE
As I settled in, I spent time combing through past content to analyze what resonates with our readers. It became clear that while I need to respect the publication’s established operations, I also have an opportunity and a duty to infuse our day-to-day operations with my own acumen. One of the most interesting aspects of this transition has been learning more about fluid power. I’ve discovered how essential hydraulic and pneumatic systems are to so many industries, and how innovation in this field continues to drive efficiency and reliability. Exploring the complexities and real-world impact of fluid power has given me a deeper appreciation for the topics we cover and the expertise of our contributors.
NAVIGATING CHANGE
I'm passionate about storytelling that sparks conversation. I want to tackle content that matters to our audience. Every decision, including what topics to pursue and which innovations to spotlight, feels significant. Change is never easy, and I know that I’ve had times when I’ve wondered if I’m moving too fast or not fast enough. But there have also been moments of genuine joy: receiving a promising article from an emerging company, seeing a new feature take off, or receiving an email from a company that felt well-represented by something we published.
LOOKING FORWARD
Now, as I look ahead, I feel a deep sense of gratitude. I’m grateful for the trust placed in me, for the energy and expertise of the Journal team, and for the opportunity to shape the publication’s next chapter. I know there will be challenges, but I’m ready to meet them with curiosity and determination. Becoming the Editor of Fluid Power Journal isn’t just a job; it’s a journey. It’s about honoring what came before while daring to imagine what’s next. And as I take these first steps, I do so with excitement, humility, and a profound sense of purpose.
Fluid Power Journal (ISSN# 1073-7898) is the official publication of the International Fluid Power Society published monthly with four supplemental issues, including a Systems Integrator Directory, Off-Highway Suppliers Directory, Tech Directory, and Manufacturers Directory, by Innovative Designs & Publishing, Inc., 3245 Freemansburg Avenue, Palmer, PA 18045-7118. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part of any material in this publication is acceptable with credit. Publishers assume no liability for any information published. We reserve the right to accept or reject all advertising material and will not guarantee the return or safety of unsolicited art, photographs, or manuscripts.
NEW PROBLEM
Piston Pump Failing After Power Unit Location Was Moved Next to a Press
» A POWER UNIT for a simple vertical press was located about 10 meters (30 feet) away from the press and connected with hoses. A new small trim press needed to be installed next to the press; the power unit was relocated next to the vertical press to make room for the trim press. Since the main press had all the valves mounted on its frame, it only required 3 new hoses (pressure, tank, and drain) totaling six feet in length to reconnect the hydraulics.
Everything worked fine for 5 to 6 months, operating two shifts 5 days a week until the piston pump had a major failure. The inspection of the pump uncovered a swash plate casting broken where it attaches to the trunnion shafts. The system was cleaned up and a new 21 MPa (3000 psi) pump was installed. Only 8 months later, it failed again and broke the swash plate casting. Contamination was ruled out and the max pressure setting was confirmed to be set at 7 MPa (1000 psi). A third new pump failed again after 6 months of use. The factory denied the warrantee claiming the pump failures were caused by excessive pressure, but the gauge never exceeded the 7 MPa (1000 psi) setting. A new 21 MPa (3000 psi) gauge was installed after the second pump had failed.
Why would moving the power unit, and shorting the hoses on a system that originally ran for over 5 years, cause a problem with the pump failing?
For the solution, see page 50.
Robert Sheaf has more than 45 years troubleshooting, training, and consulting in the fluid power field. Email rsheaf@cfcind.com or visit his website at www.cfcindustrialtraining.com. Visit fluidpowerjournal.com/figure-it-out to view previous problems.
BIG SAVINGS BIG DRIVES,
By Jens Schmitt, Application Manager – Presses, Industrial Hydraulics at Bosch Rexroth
High-power drives aren’t necessarily energy hoarders. With new technology emerging, the components used to manage the high-power consumption associated with a large drive are evolving into smarter mechanisms with less energy output. Experts in the forging, automotive, and assembly industries are grappling with daily concerns, especially experts tasked with finding new ways to decrease energy consumption in the workplace.
In the forging industry, energy consumption has been a topic of conversation, especially with an increased interest in energy-efficient hydraulic drives as a part of broader sustainability goals in many countries. While most of the attention has been on optimizing furnace efficiency due to operational energy share, presses with large hydraulic systems represent significant and untapped opportunities for meaningful energy savings.
Opportunities for High-Power Machines
Forging presses rely on extremely large displacement pumps, often greater than 250 cm³ (15 in³), alongside high-pressure systems reaching up to 45-50 MPa (6,525-7,250 psi) and higher. These pumps deliver the flow at pressures that provide the operational speed, and high reliability that are required in heavy-duty operations. The sheer scale and power these forging systems need means any small change can translate into substantial cost and energy savings. Facilities have historically operated systems under full power with fixed displacement pumps, resulting in energy waste in different operational conditions. This is where advanced hydraulic drives, new methods, and
advanced systems can decrease consumption, alongside retrofitting machines to unlock significant savings.
Industry leaders should recognize the inefficiency of current presses and learn more about advanced hydraulic drive solutions for forging equipment and beyond. Forging presses consume, in cost, far less energy compared to furnaces. By reaching the furnace optimization level on energy utilization, the focus can shift to presses where there are still ways to explore how to make these highly valued systems more efficient.
Although already applicable for most smaller machines, the large drive systems used in forging processes with over 1,500 kW (2,000 hp) would benefit greatly by switching from fixed to variable displacement pumps. This switch is intended to pair with a variable frequency drive (VFD). Shifting helps these large machines generate optimized operational flow and implement an energy-optimized, modernized system.
The Physics of Modern Energy Efficient Solutions
When assessing equipment, the standard design of smaller systems responds to smaller masses and creates a fast response. If the drive system size increases, mass and inertia play a bigger role in the equipment needed to produce energy-efficient output. Rather than manipulating the drive speed of a motor during press cycling, changing the swivel angle with variable displacement pumps can improve accuracy and response time. The adapted modulating of motor speed with VFDs can be advantageous during machine idling and wait time. Finding other
means to control the hydraulic press process is important for making the best decision to manage a facility’s energy consumption. With limits on start-stops with large drives, variable displacement pumps will become more important for improving energy efficiency. This concept is more advanced than the current solutions available. In the industry, many legacy hydraulic press systems in large drives use fixed displacement pumps. Doing so consumes an excessive amount of energy due to the system running continuously at constant RPM in all operational conditions. The continuous oil flow creates energy waste when in low-demand phases or idle, still running at 1800 rpm. If this is changed, the problem lies in the necessity for on-demand flow and speed that the large drives in these industries require.
The forging industry needs bigger drives for hydraulic presses with on-demand, increased power requiring RPM regulation from the inertia of the motor. This is where innovative solutions are emerging. All-in-one equipment with variable displacement pumps, coupled with intelligent electronic controls and VFDs, provides precise flow and pressure control that improves energy efficiency. This, complemented by drives with similar layouts, are effective systems that most modern smaller presses already equip. This is especially true in Europe; adopting this technology in larger presses presents an opportunity for the industry to optimize efficiency for machines with high pressure and flow.
Variable displacement pumps paired with VFD require sensors for controlling the swivel angle and motor speed. These allow data collection through pump and drive control leading to condition monitoring, diagnostics, guidance maintenance process, and support systems.
Therefore, this maintenance is no longer indicative of unpredictability and can be scheduled to allow for preparation. This type of data can be interpreted by experts and intelligent tools including AI to open the hydraulic forging drive to remote monitoring, health check, and the standards of I4.0 and beyond.
Market Trends and Implementation Considerations
Large drives equipped with integrated VFD and variable displacement pump solutions are rapidly reshaping the industrial landscape. These all-in-one pairings deliver a compelling return on investment (ROI) by significantly reducing downtime, driving substantial energy savings, and extending equipment life. The impact of these pairings goes beyond immediate operational benefits, especially when considering the total cost of ownership of modernized presses. Facilities that transition to these integrated systems realize long-term benefits, with the lower maintenance and energy costs impacting product quality and mechanical stress.
These benefits show how a holistic approach to equipment modernization can yield longterm advantages and help reach company goals of carbon reduction, neutrality, trade, and more. Additionally, while retrofitting legacy equipment remains a beneficial strategy for energy savings and ROI, it involves piecing together components to satisfy savings and meet immediate end-user requirements. This approach, while still beneficial and worthwhile, often falls short of the efficiency and reliability that an all-in-one solution can provide.
The same can be said about buying this sort of equipment from single suppliers vs. multiple vendors. Working with a single supplier for an
integrated system can save money and optimize system design. Most operators also see beneficial outcomes in terms of performance, maintainability, and sustainability. European regulations on VFDs and other energy-related manufacturing equipment are accelerating the adoption of advanced drive technologies. These large machines must now meet efficiency standards, prompting industries to rethink consumption for improved compliance.
Conclusion
The identification of inefficiencies in legacy systems is only the beginning. As the manufacturing ecosystem advances with innovations in IoT, AI, and automation, these systems will continue to grow and earn recognition from suppliers as efficient solutions. Advancing integrated technologies will allow companies across industries including forging to thrive in an evolving industrial and regulatory environment. •
Avoltmeter is an electrical instrument with high internal resistance used for measuring the difference in electric potential (voltage) between two points in an electric circuit and is always connected in parallel across the component being tested.
Voltmeters are represented on diagrams with the following symbol:
An ammeter is an electrical instrument with low internal resistance used for measuring current in a circuit and is always connected in series with the component being tested.
Ammeters are represented on diagrams with the following symbol:
An ohmmeter is an electrical instrument used for measuring resistance in a circuit and is connected in par-allel across the component being tested. An ohmmeter supplies its own internal power to the component under test then measures the resulting voltage, makes an internal calculation using Ohm’s Law, and displays the result as the resistance value in ohms.
Ohmmeters are represented on diagrams with the following symbol:
Fig. 1.12 Multimeter to Measure Voltage, Current, and Resistance
A multimeter such as shown in Fig. 1.12 is an electrical instrument that can measure multiple electrical properties including voltage, current, and resistance. Some multimeters can also measure additional prop-erties such as frequency and temperature. LCR meters can measure properties such as induction (L) and capacitance (C) as well as resistance (R).•
You can scan the QR code to view the IFPS “Use of Multimeter” video.
TEST YOUR SKILLS
1 What meter is used to measure milliamps?
a. Ohmmeter. b. Ammeter. c. Voltmeter. d. Multimeter. e. Both b and d.
See page 50 for the solution.
CONTAMINATION CONTROL
Routine and scheduled maintenance of hydraulic systems are vital to getting the most out of your Hitachi Mining Excavator. While maintenance plays the largest role in the prevention of unnecessary machine downtime, it can also expose the hydraulic system to high levels of contamination rapidly decreasing component longevity. The importance of contamination control is sometimes overlooked when performing maintenance due to incorrect practices being used.
THE FLANGELOCK™ TOOL AND CIRCUIT BLANKING CAPS
Stop the Mess
The FlangeLock™ tool and caps are the ultimate contamination control tools for protecting your hydraulic system. The FlangeLock™ allows for the simple sealing of open hydraulic flanges without tools while the caps can be bolted in place of a flange connection. Easy on, easy off, they offer a leak-proof solution to hydraulic systems and environmental cleanliness. FlangeLock™ tools and caps stop the mess.
HITACHI MAKING CONTAMINATION CONTROL EASY
Hitachi have packaged FlangeLock™ tool and caps specifically for Hitachi mining excavators. The Hitachi customised kits make sure no matter which component routine maintenance is being performed on, you will always have the exact number of FlangeLocks™* and caps to help reduce contamination.
*Note: FlangeLocks are not to be used under pressure
The FlangeLock™ Tool is the ultimate contamination control tool for protecting your hydraulic systems. It allows for the simple sealing of open SAE code 61, 62 & CAT-Style hydraulic flanges without tools. Constructed from lightweight aluminum. Easy on, easy off. Offers a leakproof solution to hydraulic system and environmental cleanliness. FlangeLock™ Tools stop the mess!
• No tools
•
• No more rags stuffed into hoses
• No more messy plastic caps
• The ultimate contamination control tool
•
•
• Quick installation & ease of usage
• Safe for personnel & environment
• Industry acclaimed
Newly Certified Professionals
MAY 2025
CC
Andrew Basinski
Byron Gray, The Boeing Company
Cameron Shockley, The Boeing Company
Edwin Perez, Custom Hydraulics & Design, Inc.
Emma Fresonke, The Boeing Company
Ian Shuart, The Boeing Company
Jared Dahlheimer, Great River Energy
Justin Anthony, Custom Hydraulics and Design
Luke Mundt
Michael Casselberry, The Boeing Company
Sonya Laws
HS
Brady Brockel, Motion
Daniel Mol, Motion
George Nickett, WJE
John Kaufman, Price Engineering 60 per year approximate
Kenechi Onyeaghala
Kevin Sintkowski
Lance Goodson, Evolution Motion Solutions
Ryan Klamm, IFP Motion Solutions
Trevor Zanella, Motion
IHM
Raymond McFarlen, Open Loop Energy, Inc.
MHM
Andrew Falero, Electrical District #3
Andrew Hodgkins, Penske
Brian Barbick, Altec Industries, Inc.
Cassie Silbernagel, Black Hills Corp
Charles McMillion, Altec Industries, Inc.
Connor Ryan, Penske
Craig Hetzel, Altec Industries, Inc.
Daniel Stanley, Townsend Tree Service
Dylan Pierce, Altec Industries, Inc.
Eric Bivens, Altec Industries, Inc.
Jacob Cousins, Altec Industries, Inc.
Jaron Hathaway, Altec Industries, Inc.
Jerry Dixon, Altec Industries, Inc.
Joshua Fisher, Okanogan County PUD
Keith McGauley, Altec Industries, Inc.
Micah Wright, Altec Industries, Inc.
Paul Naylis, Penske Truck Leasing
Robert Green, Penske Truck Leasing
Scott Miller, Townsend Tree Service
Shane Price, Altec Industries, Inc.
Zachary Romanick, Altec Industries, Inc.
MIH
Raymond McFarlen, Open Loop Energy, Inc.
MMH
Jared Dahlheimer, Great River Energy
PM
Cody Campbell, The Boeing Company
Derek Mulvey, The Boeing Company
Jesse Winterburn, The Boeing Company
William Staley, The Boeing Company
PS
John Jensen, Engineered Sales, Inc.
S
John Jensen, Engineered Sales, Inc.
SA
Abdelrahman Hussein, O-Ring
Andrew Snow, Parker Hannifin
Anthony Sprochi, Parker Hannifin
Caitlin Hunter, Parker Hannifin
Joseph Galati, Parker Hannifin
Keegan McVicker, Parker
Krista Burgan, Hydrotech
Laura Rieger, Triad Technologies
Melanie Nose
Celebrating the 2025 Fluid Power Hall of Fame Inductees
DR. ANDREA VACCA & JEROME B. KOMENDERA
» THE FLUID POWER Hall of Fame honors individuals who have made extraordinary contributions to the fluid power industry through innovation, education, and lifelong dedication. This year, two outstanding leaders—Dr. Andrea Vacca and Jerome B. Komendera join the prestigious ranks of inductees.
Dr. Andrea Vacca, the Maha Fluid Power Faculty Chair at Purdue University, is globally recognized for his pioneering research in hydraulic systems. His work on improving efficiency, noise reduction, and fluid behavior has advanced the science of fluid power across academia and industry. With over 150 publications and key leadership roles in international organizations, Dr. Vacca’s influence continues to shape the future of fluid power engineering.
Jerome B. Komendera’s legacy spans over 40 years of innovation and mentorship. As President of Automatic Valve, Inc., Jerry drove advancements in solenoid and reversing valve technology and held multiple U.S. patents. Beyond his technical achievements, he played a vital role in education and workforce development through the Fluid Power Society’s Detroit Chapter, mentoring countless engineers with his humble and visionary leadership. Together, their lifelong impact exemplifies the spirit of the Hall of Fame—honoring those who elevate the industry through excellence, service, and inspiration.
Build Core Skills with IFPS Fluid Power Fundamentals
» THE IFPS FLUID Power Fundamentals is an eight-session, instructor-led online course designed to ground professionals in hydraulic basics. Aimed at engineers, technicians, and frontline staff, it teaches core concepts like Pascal’s Law, force/pressure/area relationships, system symbology, pumps, valves, actuators, accumulators, fluid conveyance, fluids, and contamination control—arming participants with both theory and real-world application skills.
Classes run two hours each and include interactive instructor-led sessions.
Participants receive an IFPS certificate of completion along with the Basic Hydraulics Foundation Principles Student Workbook—a solid reference for future use.
IFPS also offers a self-paced equivalent, ideal for individual learners or teams onboarding new staff. Created by industry experts, this flexible version covers hydraulics, pneumatics, safety, fluid power math, component identification, and control symbols in a modular digital format.
Together, these formats ensure participants gain fundamental understanding and confidence in fluid power systems—promoting workplace safety, troubleshooting ability, and preparation for certification.
Mark Your Calendar
IFPS 2025 ANNUAL MEETING –SEPTEMBER 29 TO OCTOBER 2
» THE INTERNATIONAL FLUID Power Society (IFPS) is proud to host its 2025 Annual Meeting at the Hilton Salt Lake City Center from
September 29 to October 2, 2025. This signature event brings together professionals from every corner of the fluid power industry to collaborate, network, and help shape the future of certification, safety, training, and technology.
The Annual Meeting features committee sessions, industry updates, and engaging discussions that drive standards and support workforce development. Whether you're a longtime member or attending for the first time, the event offers an opportunity to connect with passionate individuals who share a commitment to excellence in fluid power.
Stay tuned to secure your spot, get involved in committee work, and take part in one of the most important gatherings for advancing fluid power professionalism.
Registration and additional details will be available in July 2025 at ifps.org/meetings.
Air Compressors
Clean Dry Air Improves Performance...
Clean, Dry Compressed Air Starts with The Extractor/Dryer® Manufactured by LA-MAn Corporation
• Point of Use Compressed Air Filter to Improve and Extend Equipment Life
• Removes Moisture and Contaminates to a 5-Micron Rating: Lower Micron Ratings are Available
• Models with Flow Ranges of 15 SCFM to 500 SCFM Rated Up To 250psi are Standard
• Differential Pressure Gauge Built in
• Mounting Hardware Included for Easy Installation
• Weep Drain is Standard; Float Drain or Electronic Drain Valves Optional
Individuals wishing to take any IFPS written certification tests can select from convenient locations across the United States and Canada. IFPS is able to offer these locations through its affiliation with the Consortium of College Testing Centers provided by National College Testing Association. Contact Kyle Pollander at Kpollander@ifps.org if you do not see a location near you. Every effort will be made to accommodate your needs.
Written Certification Test Locations
Alabama Auburn, AL Birmingham, AL Calera, AL Decatur, AL Huntsville, AL Jacksonville, AL Mobile, AL Montgomery, AL Normal, AL Tuscaloosa, AL
Alaska Anchorage, AK Fairbanks, AK
Arizona Flagstaff, AZ Glendale, AZ Mesa, AZ Phoenix, AZ Prescott, AZ Scottsdale, AZ
Sierra Vista, AZ Tempe, AZ Thatcher, AZ Tucson, AZ Yuma, AZ
Arkansas Bentonville, AR Hot Springs, AR Little Rock, AR
TENTATIVE TESTING DATES FOR ALL LOCATIONS
AUGUST 2025
Tuesday 8/5 • Thursday 8/21
SEPTEMBER 2025
Tuesday 9/9 • Thursday 9/25
OCTOBER 2025
Tuesday 10/7 • Thursday 10/23
NOVEMBER 2025
Tuesday 11/4 • Thursday 11/20
California Aptos, CA Arcata, CA Bakersfield, CA Dixon, CA Encinitas, CA Fresno, CA Irvine, CA Marysville, CA Riverside, CA Salinas, CA San Diego, CA San Jose, CA San Luis Obispo, CA Santa Ana, CA Santa Maria, CA Santa Rosa, CA Tustin, CA Yucaipa, CA Colorado Aurora, CO Boulder, CO Springs, CO Denver, CO
Durango, CO Ft. Collins, CO Greeley, CO Lakewood, CO Littleton, CO Pueblo, CO
Georgia
Albany, GA
Athens, GA
Atlanta, GA
Carrollton, GA
Columbus, GA
Dahlonega, GA
Dublin, GA
Dunwoody, GA
Forest Park, GA
Lawrenceville, GA
Morrow, GA
Oakwood, GA
Savannah, GA
Statesboro, GA
Tifton, GA
Valdosta, GA
Hawaii Laie, HI
Idaho
Boise, ID
Coeur d ‘Alene, ID
Idaho Falls, ID
Lewiston, ID
Moscow, ID
Nampa, ID
Rexburg, ID
Twin Falls, ID
Illinois
Carbondale, IL
Carterville, IL
Champaign, IL
Decatur, IL
Edwardsville, IL
Glen Ellyn, IL
Joliet, IL
Malta, IL
Normal, IL
Peoria, IL
Schaumburg, IL
Springfield, IL
University Park, IL
Indiana
Bloomington, IN
Columbus, IN
Evansville, IN
Fort Wayne, IN
Gary, IN
Indianapolis, IN
Kokomo, IN
Lafayette, IN
Lawrenceburg, IN
Madison, IN
Muncie, IN
New Albany, IN
Richmond, IN
Sellersburg, IN
South Bend, IN
Terre Haute, IN
Iowa
Ames, IA
Maryland
Arnold, MD
Bel Air, MD
College Park, MD
Frederick, MD
Hagerstown, MD
La Plata, MD
Westminster, MD
Woodlawn, MD
Wye Mills, MD
Massachusetts
Boston, MA
Bridgewater, MA
Danvers, MA
Haverhill, MA
Holyoke, MA
Shrewsbury, MA
Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI
Big Rapids, MI
Chesterfield, MI
Dearborn, MI
Dowagiac, MI
East Lansing, MI
Flint, MI
Grand Rapids, MI
Kalamazoo, MI
Lansing, MI
Livonia, MI
Mount Pleasant, MI
Sault Ste. Marie, MI
Troy, MI
University Center, MI
Warren, MI
Minnesota
Alexandria, MN
Brooklyn Park, MN
Duluth, MN
Eden Prairie, MN
Granite Falls, MN
Mankato, MN
Mississippi
Goodman, MS
Jackson, MS
Mississippi State, MS
Raymond, MS
University, MS
Missouri
Berkley, MO
Cape Girardeau, MO
Columbia, MO
Cottleville, MO
Joplin, MO
Kansas City, MO
Kirksville, MO
Park Hills, MO
Poplar Bluff, MO
Rolla, MO
Sedalia, MO
Springfield, MO
St. Joseph, MO
New Mexico Albuquerque, NM
Clovis, NM
Farmington, NM
Portales, NM
Santa Fe, NM
New York
Alfred, NY
Brooklyn, NY
Buffalo, NY
Garden City, NY
New York, NY
Rochester, NY
Syracuse, NY
North Carolina Apex, NC
Asheville, NC
Boone, NC
Charlotte, NC
China Grove, NC
Durham, NC
Fayetteville, NC
Greenville, NC
Jamestown, NC
Misenheimer, NC
Mount Airy, NC
Pembroke, NC
Raleigh, NC
Wilmington, NC
North Dakota
Bismarck, ND
Ohio Akron, OH
Cincinnati, OH
Cleveland, OH
Columbus, OH
Fairfield, OH
Findlay, OH
Kirtland, OH
Lima, OH
Maumee, OH
Newark, OH
North Royalton, OH
Rio Grande, OH
Toledo, OH
Warren, OH
Youngstown, OH
Oklahoma Altus, OK
Bethany, OK
Edmond, OK
Norman, OK
Oklahoma City, OK
Tonkawa, OK
Tulsa, OK
Oregon Bend, OR Coos Bay, OR Eugene, OR
Gresham, OR
Tennessee Blountville, TN
Clarksville, TN
Collegedale, TN
Gallatin, TN
Johnson City, TN
Knoxville, TN
Memphis, TN
Morristown, TN
Murfreesboro, TN
Nashville, TN
Texas
Abilene, TX
Arlington, TX
Austin, TX
Beaumont, TX
Brownsville, TX
Commerce, TX
Corpus Christi, TX
Dallas, TX
Denison, TX
El Paso, TX
Houston, TX
Huntsville, TX
Laredo, TX
Lubbock, TX
Lufkin, TX
Mesquite, TX
San Antonio, TX
Victoria, TX
Waxahachie, TX
Weatherford, TX
Wichita Falls, TX
Utah Cedar City, UT
Kaysville, UT
Logan, UT
Ogden, UT
Orem, UT
Salt Lake City, UT
Virginia
Daleville, VA
Fredericksburg, VA
Lynchburg, VA
Manassas, VA
Norfolk, VA
Roanoke, VA
Salem, VA
Staunton, VA
Suffolk, VA
Virginia Beach, VA
Wytheville, VA
Washington
Auburn, WA
Bellingham, WA
Bremerton, WA
Ellensburg, WA
Ephrata, WA
Olympia, WA
Pasco, WA
Rockingham, WA
Seattle, WA
British Columbia Abbotsford, BC
Burnaby, BC
Castlegar, BC
Delta, BC
Kamloops, BC
Nanaimo, BC
Prince George, BC Richmond, BC
Surrey, BC
Vancouver, BC Victoria, BC
Manitoba Brandon, MB
Winnipeg, MB
New Brunswick Bathurst, NB Moncton, NB
Newfoundland and Labrador
St. John’s, NL
Nova Scotia Halifax, NS
Ontario
Brockville, ON Hamilton, ON London, ON Milton, ON Mississauga, ON Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON
North Bay, ON North York, ON Ottawa, ON Toronto, ON Welland, ON Windsor, ON
Quebec
Côte Saint-Luc, QB Montreal, QB
Saskatchewan
Melfort, SK Moose Jaw, SK
Nipawin, SK
Prince Albert, SK Saskatoon, SK
Yukon Territory Whitehorse, YU
UNITED KINGDOM
Elgin, UK
GHAZNI
Kingdom of Bahrain, GHA
Thomasville, GHA
JOB PERFORMANCE TEST LOCATIONS
Arizona California Colorado Florida Georgia
Maine Michigan Minnesota Montana New Jersey Nova Scotia Pennsylvania Texas Washington Wyoming Western Australia
Delaware Dover, DE Georgetown, DE Newark, DE
Florida
Avon Park, FL
Boca Raton, FL Cocoa, FL Davie, FL
Daytona Beach, FL
Fort Pierce, FL Ft. Myers, FL Gainesville, FL Jacksonville, FL Miami Gardens, FL Milton, FL
New Port Richey, FL Ocala, FL Orlando, FL
Panama City, FL
Pembroke Pines, FL
Pensacola, FL
Plant City, FL
Riviera Beach, FL Sanford, FL
Tallahassee, FL
Tampa, FL
West Palm Beach, FL
Wildwood, FL
Winter Haven, FL
Cedar Rapids, IA
Iowa City, IA
Ottumwa, IA
Sioux City, IA
Waterloo, IA
Kansas
Kansas City, KS
Lawrence, KS
Manhattan, KS
Wichita, KS
Kentucky Ashland, KY
Bowling Green, KY
Erlanger, KY
Highland Heights, KY
Louisville, KY
Morehead, KY
Louisiana
Bossier City, LA
Lafayette, LA
Monroe, LA
Natchitoches, LA
New Orleans, LA
Shreveport, LA
Thibodaux, LA
St. Louis, MO
Warrensburg, MO
Montana Bozeman, MT
Missoula, MT
Nebraska Lincoln, NE
North Platte, NE
Omaha, NE
Nevada Henderson, NV
Las Vegas, NV
North Las Vegas, NV
Winnemucca, NV
New Jersey Branchburg, NJ
Cherry Hill, NJ
Lincroft, NJ
Sewell, NJ
Toms River, NJ
West Windsor, NJ
Klamath Falls, OR
Medford, OR
Oregon City, OR Portland, OR
White City, OR
Pennsylvania Bloomsburg, PA
Blue Bell, PA
Gettysburg, PA
Harrisburg, PA Lancaster, PA
Newtown, PA
Philadelphia, PA Pittsburgh, PA
Wilkes-Barre, PA York, PA
South Carolina
Beaufort, SC
Charleston, SC
Columbia, SC
Conway, SC
Graniteville, SC
Greenville, SC
Greenwood, SC Orangeburg, SC
Rock Hill, SC
Spartanburg, SC
Shoreline, WA
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West Virginia
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Wisconsin
La Crosse, WI Milwaukee, WI
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Wyoming
Casper, WY
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CANADA
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Lethbridge, AB
Lloydminster, AB Olds, AB Red Deer, AB
EGYPT Cairo, EG
JORDAN Amman, JOR
NEW ZEALAND Taradale, NZ
CFPAI
Certified Fluid Power Accredited Instructor
CFPAJPP
Certified Fluid Power Authorized Job Performance Proctor
CFPAJPPCC
Certified Fluid Power Authorized Job Performance Proctor Connector & Conductor
CFPE
Certified Fluid Power Engineer
CFPS
Certified Fluid Power Specialist (Must Obtain CFPHS & CFPPS)
Master of Industrial Hydraulics (Must Obtain CFPIHM, CFPIHT, & CFPCC)
CFPMMH
Certified Fluid Power
Master of Mobile Hydraulics (Must Obtain CFPMHM, CFPMHT, & CFPCC)
CFPMIP
Certified Fluid Power
Master of Industrial Pneumatics (Must Obtain CFPPM, CFPPT, & CFPCC)
CFPCC
Certified Fluid Power
Connector & Conductor
CFPSD
Fluid Power System Designer
CFPSA
Certified Fluid Power Support Associate
Tentative Certification Review Training
IFPS offers onsite review training for small groups of at least 10 persons. An IFPS accredited instructor visits your company to conduct the review. Contact kpollander@ifps.org for details of the scheduled onsite reviews listed below.
FLUID POWER SUPPORT ASSOCIATE
» CFC Industrial Training – Fairfield, Ohio | December 1–4, 2025
HYDRAULIC SPECIALIST
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org)
» CFC Industrial Training – Fairfield, Ohio | October 20–24, 2025
ELECTRONIC CONTROLS SPECIALIST
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org).
PNEUMATIC SPECIALIST
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org)
» CFC Industrial Training – Fairfield, Ohio | August 4–8, 2025
CONNECTOR & CONDUCTOR
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org).
MOBILE HYDRAULIC MECHANIC
For custom training IFPS inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org)
Online Mobile Hydraulic Mechanic certification review for written test is offered through CFC Industrial Training. This course surveys the MHM Study Manual (6.5 hours) and every outcome to prepare you for the written test. Members may e-mail for a 20% coupon code off the list price. Test fees are not included.
» CFC Industrial Training – Fairfield, Ohio | October 13–17, 2025
INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC MECHANIC
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org).
INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC TECHNICIAN
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org).
» For dates, call CFC Industrial Training at (513) 874-3225 or visit www.cfcindustrialtraining.com.
MOBILE HYDRAULIC TECHNICIAN
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org).
PNEUMATIC TECHNICIAN & PNEUMATIC MECHANIC
For custom IFPS training inquiries, please contact Bj Wagner (bwagner@ifps.org).
» For dates, call CFC Industrial Training at (513) 874-3225 or visit www.cfcindustrialtraining.com.
CHICAGO | AUGUST 20 & 21
DONALD E. STEPHENS CONVENTION CENTER
» THE IVT OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY EXPO 2025 is a premier trade event that convenes OEMs, engineers, suppliers, and industry professionals from across the off-highway vehicle technology sector. Designed for those at the forefront of innovation, the expo provides a dynamic platform for showcasing the latest components, materials, systems, and technologies that are shaping the future of industrial vehicles. Key industries represented include construction, mining, agriculture, material handling, forklifts, and forestry, making it a central hub for anyone involved in the off-highway vehicle ecosystem.
Attendees at the IVt Expo 2025 can expect to discover over 130 leading solution providers and cutting-edge innovators, all gathered in one place to demonstrate next-generation technologies. the event is not just about product showcases—it offers a unique opportunity to connect with key decision-makers and industry leaders from top off-highway OEMs. Whether you are looking to increase your company’s visibility, forge new business relationships, or gain insights into emerging trends, the expo delivers unparalleled networking and learning experiences.
Complementing the exhibition is a two-day summit featuring more than 50 expert speakers who address the most pressing challenges in autonomy, electrification, digitization, and alternative fuels. The Advanced Hydraulics Conference, presented by the NFPA, adds further depth to the technical program, ensuring that attendees gain access to the latest advancements and industry best practices. For engineers, OEMs, and professionals dedicated to driving the future of off-highway vehicles, the IVT Off-Highway Vehicle technology Expo 2025 is a must-attend event for anyone seeking to stay ahead in a rapidly evolving industry. For more, visit ivtexpo-usa.com.
EXHIBITORS
| JEM Technical
| Joral LLC
| Kelco Industries
| Kraft Mobile Systems
| Magnet Schultz of America 248 | Marzocchi Pumps USA Corp.
| NFPA
| Nolt Company
| OEM Controls 705 | Otto Controls 700 | Parker Hannifin 1145 | QP Hydraulics 1312 | Sealing Devices, Inc.
310 | Settima Mecconica USA
240 | SIKO Products
1010 | STW Technic, LP
535 | Sun Hydraulics
245 | Terzo Power Systems, LLC
520 | Thomas Magnete USA LLC 810 | TLX Technologies 805 | Twin Disc, Inc. 1140 | VIS Hydraulics North America
ADVANCING FLOW CONTROL IN MEDICAL AND CHEMICAL SYSTEMS WITH TOGGLE VALVE INNOVATION
By Todd Harmon, Vice President, Canfield Industries, Inc.
Todd oversees engineering, product development, and innovation for Canfield Industries, Inc.’s fluid power divisions, including Spartan Scientific and Canfield Connector. With more than 25 years of experience in fluid automation, Todd has helped develop application-specific solutions for industrial, medical, and process control markets.
Controlling fluid flow in systems handling aggressive chemicals or sterile media presents a unique set of engineering challenges. In medical diagnostics, chemical dosing, or food processing, the fluid handling components must provide precise switching and flow control. They must also prevent contamination, withstand harsh media, and operate reliably in compact, demanding environments.
Traditional valve designs often fall short when tasked with isolating sensitive fluids from internal mechanical components. This direct contact between media and metal parts can lead to corrosion, particle generation, and premature wear. This undermines system performance and poses risks in regulated or high-purity applications.
In response to these challenges, Spartan Scientific, a division of Canfield Industries, has developed an innovative 3-way toggle valve featuring a media-separated design. Engineered to function in low-flow
environments, the valve offers a durable, compact solution that combines isolation, precision, and installation flexibility. Born out of a specific customer application need, the design reflects the shift toward smarter, cleaner fluid control solutions in modern medical and chemical systems.
THE APPLICATION PROBLEM
Fluid control in medical and chemical systems often requires more than just basic open-and-close functionality. In these environments, cross-contamination, inconsistent flow delivery, or exposure of sensitive media may occur within metal components. This can result in process disruption, product failure, or safety hazards. These are the exact vulnerabilities presented by many conventional valve designs, particularly in systems that handle aggressive fluids or maintain high levels of sterility.
In many cases, the working components of traditional solenoid valves including the plunger, spring, or internal cavities are exposed to the fluid being controlled. Because of chemical incompatibility, this contact can cause corrosion or introduce microscopic debris into the fluid stream. Over time, these issues increase maintenance requirements and compromise both system integrity and regulatory compliance.
At the same time, system designers are being asked to fit more functionality into smaller, modular spaces. In a laboratory, a compact fluid control manifold might require multiple flow paths controlled in a confined space with little room for redundancy or
repair. In a food or chemical processing environment, a valve might need to switch between fluids without downtime or flushing, placing even more stress on clean switching performance. These types of applications call for valves that can handle multiple flow paths, isolate the media from internal parts, and perform reliably over extended cycles.
The challenge lies in delivering all these capabilities in a form factor that is compact, cost-effective, and flexible enough for realworld integration. This is the design gap that Spartan Scientific’s toggle valve was developed to address.
DESIGN SOLUTION: THE TOGGLE VALVE
Spartan Scientific’s newly developed toggle valve offers a practical solution to the limitations of conventional valve technology in aggressive or sensitive media environments. Built on a media-separated platform, this valve physically isolates the process fluid from its internal components. It uses a high-performance diaphragm to create a barrier between the media and the actuation mechanism. This separation ensures that corrosive or contaminant-sensitive fluids never encounter metal parts, significantly increasing valve longevity and protecting the integrity of the system.
Engineered as a 3-way valve, the toggle design includes one inlet and two outlet ports, with flow direction controlled by the position of a solenoid-actuated toggle arm. When energized, the toggle arm redirects flow from one outlet port to the other, allowing for precise switching between 2 downstream processes
or states. For simpler applications, the valve can also function as a 2-way valve by capping one of the outlet ports. This offers versatility for system designers without requiring entirely separate products.
With a flow orifice of 1.5 mm, the toggle valve is optimized for low-flow, high-precision applications often found in medical dosing systems, chemical injectors, or compact control manifolds. Valve components are constructed using chemically resistant polymers and elastomers, selected specifically to withstand aggressive cleaning agents, reagents, and specialty fluids. These material choices also allow for a broad range of seal options, giving OEMs and engineers the flexibility to tailor performance to specific fluids and pressures.
From an integration perspective, the valve is designed for simplicity. It can be mounted inline or on a manifold block, offering a compact footprint for space-constrained assemblies. The toggle’s modular housing is also engineered for easy field replacement or service, minimizing downtime during maintenance. The precision molding of internal elements ensures repeatable flow switching
and tight sealing, making it well-suited for systems requiring accurate, contaminant-free flow control over long life cycles.
The development of this valve was driven by real-world customer feedback, particularly regarding performance inconsistencies and cost concerns related to competitive products. Spartan’s engineering team addressed these
issues by refining the flow control geometry and improving material selection. This resulted in a product with improved performance that delivers a measurable cost benefit.
REAL-WORLD IMPACT
The toggle valve’s value becomes most apparent when viewed in the context of its
practical applications. In medical diagnostics, for instance, fluid delivery systems must manage multiple reagents or cleaning cycles within the same process. Traditional valves risk exposing sensitive media to metal components, which could compromise test accuracy or introduce contamination into sterile environments. With its media-separated construction and compact footprint, the toggle valve enables safe, clean switching between
fluids without the risk of cross-contamination or equipment failure.
Similarly, in chemical processing or dispensing applications, aggressive media such as acids, solvents, or reactive agents place a high burden on valve internals. Over time, standard valve designs can corrode or degrade, resulting in leaks, flow inconsistencies, or unscheduled maintenance. The toggle valve mitigates this risk by keeping the media isolated from
metallic and magnetic components. This reduces the likelihood of failure and extends service life.
One OEM manufacturer in the chemical dosing industry approached Spartan Scientific with performance issues related to a competitor’s valve product, including premature wear and unreliable switching under cycling pressure. Spartan’s team redesigned the core actuation system using high-grade polymers and re-engineered internal flow paths. The result was not only a performance improvement, but a cost savings for the customer due to reduced service intervals and simplified installation.
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Beyond performance, the valve’s manifold or inline mounting options allow it to be easily integrated into a range of equipment from benchtop fluid delivery systems to multi-valve process control panels. This flexibility makes it an ideal candidate for system designers looking to consolidate components, minimize footprint, or streamline maintenance procedures. In all these applications, the toggle valve supports the demands of modern engineering: cleaner operation, modular design, and component longevity, all without sacrificing precision or flow control.
CONCLUSION
In medical, chemical, and other sensitive fluid handling systems, the stakes are high. So is the demand for clean, reliable, and compact flow control. As system complexity increases and space becomes more limited, engineers need valve solutions that perform under pressure and protect the integrity of the media they manage. Spartan Scientific’s toggle valve represents a thoughtful response to these challenges. Its media-separated design, modular mounting options, and low-flow precision allow it to fit seamlessly into critical-use applications where cleanliness, reliability, and flexibility are essential.
Developed with direct input from industry use cases, the valve addresses real performance concerns while introducing improvements in both function and manufacturability. For engineers seeking solutions in chemical dosing, sterile fluid control, or any environment requiring precision media separation, this toggle valve offers a new path forward built on design intent, material integrity, and application-driven problem-solving. •
CYLINDERS UNSCATHED IN THE STORM
Hydraulic Cylinder Failure and the Endurance of Tungsten Carbide Coatings
By Quest Duperron, CFPIHM, Service Manager, Coastal Hydraulics
As the backbone of many industrial operations, hydraulic cylinders are routinely exposed to extreme pressures, abrasive contaminants, and fluctuating temperatures that all cause failure. As performance demands and lifecycle expectations rise, every component's integrity becomes critical. In this study, we examine an incident regarding a hydraulic cylinder's catastrophic failure on a plastic mold injection machine that emphasized the contrast between different components' failure in this hydraulic cylinder.
Assessing the System
Our service team was dispatched when a customer reported that a critical hydraulic cylinder was underpowered on its plastic mold injection machine. The machine had recently received pump replacements from the original manufacturer; this initially raised suspicion regarding the new pumps. Upon arrival, our team observed that the externally immaculate cylinder struggled to overcome a hard mechanical locking process on the main press.
After connecting gauges to the back of the cylinder, we recorded a mere 1200 psi during the press function. This was significantly lower than the set relief pressure of 2750 psi. We initially considered issues with the pump or main relief valves. However, other functions were achieving proper pressure. This prompted us to test the cylinder for bypassing. We removed the mold body, fully extended the cylinder, and disconnected the rod-side hose while positioning a 5-gallon bucket under the port. When the operator activated the cylinder, an "umbrella" of fluid quickly
overshadowed the bucket. This conclusively indicated severe bypassing.
With these findings in mind, the customer elected to have the cylinder removed and sent to our facility for further evaluation and repair. It is worth mentioning that we repaired this cylinder five years prior and had the rod flame sprayed with a tungsten carbide coating. We perform this task due to time constraints and the ability to complete the task internally.
Looking Closer
Once the cylinder was back in our shop and disassembled, it became apparent why it was bypassing. Contamination, we speculated this originated from the old pumps that had since been replaced. They had not only caused the scouring on the internal surfaces of the cylinder but had also initiated a cascading failure process. The details concerning this are as follows:
Piston Damage: The piston exhibited severe chipping from persistent scoring. Our team opted to completely remanufacture the piston to accommodate different arrangements of wear pads and seals.
• We replaced the original opposing U-cup design with a more sophisticated 4-piece seal.
• The new configuration ensured continuous lubrication of the wearbands.
• This idea was in stark contrast to the original arrangement with two wearbands placed between two U-cups facing away from each other; this created a low-pressure area that limited lubrication of the wear bands.
• We replaced this design with a singular seal positioned between two ¾″ wearbands, ensuring they were properly lubricated.
Barrel Restoration: The barrel had some of the worst scarring we have ever seen. The restoration featured a sacrificial sleeve that was pressed out, replaced with a new sleeve, and honed.
Gland Replacement: The gland had severe scoring in all areas exposed to the barrel. We elected to have our machinists remanufacture the gland to OEM specification and reinstall it. Despite the extensive damage to most components, the tungsten carbide rod was the star of the show; it remained completely unfazed, free of scratches, and fully intact while everything around it deteriorated. Aside from reusing the outer barrel containing the sacrificial barrel sleeve, the rod was the sole component that withstood direct exposure to the onslaught.
During an assessment of the system, our inspection of the reservoir’s fluid revealed a
sparkling dispersion of reflective particulates resembling the aftermath of a glitter bomb. This indicated complete fluid contamination and consequently led to all the fluid and filters being replaced. The system was thoroughly flushed with a filtering system to ensure a low particle count before reintroducing the newly rebuilt cylinder. We would later continue troubleshooting the system and finding other affected valves that showed similar destructive characteristics in line with the cylinder’s condition.
overall system downtime. With that being said, high-quality flame spray coating is a specialized field. This is largely due to the substantial investment in equipment and expertise required to produce quality results.
Comparison Chart of Standard Coating Options
Below is the integrated comparison chart that places flame spray tungsten carbide coating head-to-head with other available surface treatments:
Comparison of Coating Hardness, Wear Resistance, and Chemical Resistance
Tungsten Carbide Flame Spray 80-90
HRC
Ceramic Coatings 75-85
HRC
Induction Hardened Chrome 55-60
HRC
Standerd Chrome Plating 45-50
Flame Spray
HRC
Exceptional (high abrasion, erosion, and impact resistance)
Excellent (high scratch resistance but brittle under impact)
Good (better wear resistance than standard chrome. less durable than tungsten carbide)
Moderate (smooth surface reduces wear but less effective under heavy loads)
Flame spray is a high-performance thermal process that deposits a uniformly bonded, high-hardness layer onto component surfaces. Tungsten carbide flame spray coating involves melting carbide powders in a high-temperature flame and propelling them at high velocity onto a substrate. Upon impact, the particles flatten and rapidly solidify, forming a dense and metallurgically bonded overlay. This microstructural transformation yields a coating with exceptional wear resistance, optimal thermal stability, and excellent crystalline alignment. This imparts superior hardness at typically 80–90 HRC. The hardness levels of tungsten carbide applied via the flame spray process are significantly higher than conventional coatings. This intrinsic hardness offers exceptional resistance against corrosive wear and scoring, as evidenced by this rod's condition.
The durability of the coating ensures an extended service life for critical components, potentially reducing maintenance intervals and
The insights derived from this case study showcase what severe contamination can do to components over time. It also features safeguarding hydraulic systems as one of the benefits of surface engineering advancements. The dramatic contrast between the pristine rod and the failed components highlights the potential for integrating such surface treatments to enhance system reliability and longevity. While not intended as a direct solicitation, these findings invite engineers and system designers to rethink material protection strategies and overall system resilience.
This not only recounts one of the most memorable repairs we have encountered but also vividly demonstrates the utility and durability of tungsten carbide coatings when employed. Despite the catastrophic storm of failures seen with the seals, wearbands, piston, barrel, and gland, the coated rod remains unscathed, serving as a testament to the unmatched durability and performance of advanced coatings.•
Applying Point of Use & Centralized Vacuum Venturi Systems
By Dane Spivak, Engineering Manager,
of Davasol Incorporated in partnership with Vacuforce LLC
The following is an opinion article written by Dane Spivak of Davasol Incorporated, an industrial brand management firm with many clients, one of which is Vacuforce LLC. The numbers provided in the examples are arbitrary and do not represent real-life data. Contact Dane via email at dspivak@davasol.com.
» VACUUM VENTURIS ARE compressed air-driven vacuum pumps. Unlike common electrically powered industrial pumps, venturis consume compressed air to generate suction flow. This results in vacuum pressure, which is lower than atmospheric. This technology is a popular choice among vacuum pick-andplace, gripping, and hold-down applications across industries. The following article will focus on venturi technology and how it is best implemented based on project parameters.
HOW IT WORKS
A venturi produces a vacuum by compressed air flowing through a nozzle demonstrated in Figure 1. The decreasing diameter of the nozzle increases the air velocity across the cavity. This creates a low-pressure pocket that “sucks” in surrounding atmospheric air from the vacuum inlet. A venturi must have at least 3 ports to function including the compressed air source, vacuum port, and exhaust port as shown in Figure 1. Some units may have more ports for additional accessories though it must include the aforementioned 3 ports. Venturis are often underestimated in performance compared to a motor-driven pump such as a rotary vane model. Despite this, they can do the same task and reach similar vacuum levels (pressures) despite being a fraction of the physical size.
POINT-OF-USE VENTURIS
Since venturis can be small, compact, and lightweight, point-of-use units where the venturi is installed close or directly at the application are commonplace. Figure 2 shows a venturi close-coupled to a vacuum suction cup. This offers the user maximized vacuum performance and a completely independent system from other venturis or vacuum pumps.
These assemblies typically lack proper filtration. This may clog the venturi with debris, oil, water, or any other unwanted substance. Over time, this can reduce vacuum flow and/ or level. Users can go without filtration for clean environments, though this is still less than ideal. However, dirtier applications can create problems quickly and filters are highly recommended. Figure 3 shows an external vacuum filter suitable for venturi protection, and an in-cup vacuum filter disk. For the external filter, dirty air enters the unit indicated by the grey arrow, traps the particulate with the visible white element, and clean air is exhausted indicated by the blue arrow. Filter disks are inserted into the suction cup bellows. They can be useful, but they clog quicker than a proper external filter unit and lack clear visibility. For that reason, using an external clear-bowled vacuum-rated filter is best practice.
ONE, TWO, AND THREE-STAGED UNITS
Figure 1 illustrates the basics of how a simple venturi system works. However, there are also more complex and effective ways to increase vacuum flow and reduce compressed air consumption. This is achieved by adding additional venturi stages to continue using the air after its first stage instead of exhausting it. See Figure 4 for more details on stage performances. In this example, the 3-staged venturi provides 4 times the amount of vacuum flow as the single-staged while using the same amount of compressed air. It also offers the same maximum vacuum level.
Figure 4 – Venturi vacuum flow by stages
Single-staged units are smaller and easier to manufacture, reducing the overall cost of the unit itself. This is attractive to machine builders and even end users for smaller or infrequently-used applications. However, using a 2- or 3-staged unit can reclaim the upfront cost on a higher priced venturi by saving on energy long term. The even cost point for both considerations can vary greatly depending on the difference in air consumption, energy costs, and how often the venturi runs. However, multi-staged units offer
Figure 1 – Venturi effect visualized
Figure 2 – Venturi close-coupled to a vacuum cup
Figure 3 – External and in-cup vacuum filters
long-term financial benefits in automated machinery assuming they will be in use for a few months or years. From a practical perspective, single-staged units can fit in tighter areas and react faster to generate a vacuum, but these benefits are rarely significant. In recent years, this has caused a shift away from single-staged venturis. Figure 5 shows an example of changes in air consumption based on the number of stages with equal vacuum flow and vacuum level.
of Stages
One Stage 3.5CFM @ 60psi
Two Stage 1.5CFM @ 60psi
Three Stage 1CFM @ 60psi
2.5SCFM 27″Hg max
Figure5 – Venturi air use by stages
CENTRALIZED VENTURIS
In vacuum gripping, a centralized venturi refers to a unit that applies vacuum to
a network of cups connected by various channels through hoses, tubes, and/or manifolds. Refer to the schematic in Figure 6. The venturi provides a common vacuum generation source to control the performance of multiple vacuum application points, or in this case, multiple vacuum cups to grip one part. For centralized venturi applications, a larger 3-staged unit is preferred to save on compressed air and generate higher vacuum flows. Higher flows allow for a quicker time to reach the maximum vacuum level and may increase the maximum vacuum level depending on vacuum leakage.
Comparable vacuum performance can be accomplished just as easily by using multiple point-of-use systems from Figure 2, but it becomes too complicated to monitor and maintain multiple independent systems when it is unnecessary. For these relatively larger-scale applications, centralized units are often preferred for those seeking a simplified design, lowered costs, and reduced maintenance.
FINAL THOUGHTS
While many may argue compressed air is expensive, venturi technology continues to increase in efficiency. Selecting and sizing the right model for an application can offer tremendous benefits compared to a vacuum pump. This includes lower upfront costs, easier installation, and less maintenance. While vacuum pumps still have their place in the market, venturis are often a good choice for relatively smaller and localized applications for vacuum gripping.
Figure 6 – Schematic of 3-staged venturi powering an array of vacuum cups
Fluid Power Forum
ERIC LANKE WITH
FLUID POWER FORUM is a fluid power industry- focused podcast with Eric Lanke, President & CEO of the National Fluid Power Association, that highlights the people, technologies, and unique applications that are moving the industry forward. New episodes are released every other Monday.
Available on all of your favorite platforms, including Apple Podcasts, iHeart Radio, Spotify, and Stitcher. Find and share more interesting fluid power technologies and unique applications using #onlyfluidpowercan and follow podcast and other fluid power industry-related updates at @TheNFPA.
QUIET, EFFICIENT HYDRAULICS
HOW ELECTRIFICATION IS TRANSFORMING FLUID POWER
» IN A RECENT EPISODE of the Fluid Power Forum podcast, host Eric Lanke sat down with David Stevenson, Vice President of Marketing and Product Management at Bucher Hydraulics North America, to discuss the evolving landscape of hydraulic technology—particularly as it relates to the electrification of mobile equipment. The conversation, sparked by Stevenson’s presentation at the 2024 IVT Expo, highlighted the urgent need for quieter, more efficient hydraulic systems in an era where electric drives are rapidly replacing internal combustion engines.
FROM INTERN TO INDUSTRY LEADER
Stevenson’s journey with Bucher Hydraulics began 17 years ago, starting as an intern through an engineering-based high school program partnered with Monarch Hydraulics. He progressed through roles in design and engineering, product management, and now oversees marketing and product management for North America. His tenure has coincided with Bucher’s growth from a regional player to a global leader in hydraulic and electric drive technologies, thanks in part to strategic acquisitions and a focus on innovation.
WHY NOISE AND EFFICIENCY MATTER MORE THAN EVER
Historically, the noise produced by hydraulic systems was masked by the roar of internal combustion engines. As Stevenson explained, “Once you take that large internal combustion engine out of the equation, the hydraulics tends to become the loudest piece of the equipment.” The shift to electrified machines has made hydraulic noise more noticeable—and less tolerable— for operators and bystanders alike.
But noise is more than just an annoyance; it’s a sign of inefficiency. “Noise is
inefficiency,” Stevenson noted. “Being able to make quieter systems typically also means that you’re making more efficient systems as well.” Improved efficiency has a direct impact on the bottom line, especially when it comes to battery-powered equipment. Every watt saved extends runtime and reduces the need for costly, heavy battery packs.
SPOTLIGHT ON HELAX
HYDRAULIC INNOVATION FOR ELECTRIFIED MACHINES
At the heart of Bucher’s approach to these challenges is their Helax system—short for hydraulic electric linear actuator, built around the company’s AX floating cup piston pump technology. The Helax is a self-contained power unit that eliminates the need for a traditional oil reservoir by using an accumulator as both the reservoir and a pressurized energy source. This design not only reduces noise but also enables significant energy recuperation. Stevenson explained that in typical applications, such as telehandlers or material stackers, the Helax system can recapture between 60% and 80% of the energy usually lost during lowering operations. “You spin the pumps backward and the motor sends power back to the battery,” he said, describing the regeneration process. This capability means machines can run longer on a single charge, use smaller batteries, and ultimately operate more efficiently and cost-effectively.
A FOUR-STAGE APPROACH TO ELECTRIFICATION
For engineers considering electrification, Stevenson outlined a four-stage evaluation process:
• Determine Electrification Potential: Assess which functions (like linear actuation or rotary movement) are best suited for electric solutions.
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• Identify Energy Recuperation Opportunities: Focus on operations where energy can be recaptured, such as lowering heavy loads.
• Optimize for Efficiency: Explore ways to improve hydraulic circuit design and fluid management for maximum energy savings.
• Integrate Smart Controls: Leverage advanced control technologies and feedback systems to further enhance efficiency and functionality.
THE RISE OF SMART CONTROLS
One area where hydraulic technology has advanced rapidly is in control systems. Stevenson highlighted how modern controls enable precise machine operation, real-time feedback, and even remote feature upgrades. “For an end user, it simply means that the machines have more precise controls, they have better real-time feedback from their systems, they can self-diagnose and better understand what’s going on, and they have significantly more features,” he said. For OEMs, this translates to the ability to add new functions through software updates rather than costly hardware changes.
LOOKING AHEAD
The episode concluded with a nod to the broader trends shaping fluid power: electrification, connectivity, and autonomy. As the industry adapts, resources like the National Fluid Power Association’s technology roadmap and trend reports are helping engineers and OEMs stay ahead of the curve. Stevenson’s insights make it clear: the future of hydraulics lies in systems that are not only powerful, but also quiet, efficient, and smart, thus delivering more value to both manufacturers and end users as the world moves toward electrified machinery.
MANUFACTURERS
1A Total Safety
P.O. Box 100088
Pittsburgh, PA 15233
P: 412-262-3950
F: 412-262-4055
E: sales@1atotalsafety.com
W: 1atotalsafety.com
6R Supply, Inc.
1001 16th St. B-180 Denver, CO 80265
P: 303-656-9503
E: mlogan@6rsupply.com
W: 6rsupply.com
6K Products
1006 143rd Ave SE Tenino, WA 98589
P: 360-264-2141
F: 360-264-5105
E: sales@6kproducts.com
W: 6kproducts.com
A & A Manufacturing Co. Inc.
2300 South Calhoun Rd.
New Berlin, WI 53151
P: 262-786-1500
F: 262-786-3280
E: sales@aaman.com
W: aaman.com
A & H Fluid Technologies, Inc.
3431 Lorna Lane Birmingham, AL 35216
P: 205-823-7400
F: 205-979-5398
E: sedwards@applied.com
W: ahfluidtech.com
A.R. North America
140 81st Ave. N.E. Fridley, MN 55432
P: 763-398-6064
F: 763-398-6065
E: kyleN@arnorthamerica.com
W: arnorthamerica.com
AAA Products International 7114 Harry Hines Blvd Dallas, TX 75235
P: 214-357-3851
E: sales@aaaproducts.com
W: aaaproducts.com
Aalborg® Instruments 20 Corporate Drive Orangeburg, NY 10962
P: 845-770-3005
F: 845-770-3010
E: cpomponio@aalborg.com
W: aalborg.com
ABZ, Incorporated 4451 Brookfield Corporate Dr., Suite 107 Chantilly, VA 20151
P: 703-631-7401
E: info@abzinc.com
W: abz-inc.com
ACCES I/O Products 10623 Roselle Street San Diego, CA 92121
P: 858-550-9559
Toll Free: 800-326-1649
F: 858-550-7322
E: sales@accessio.com
W: accesio.com
Accro-Seal
P.O. Box 210, 316 W. Briggs St. Vicksburg, MI 49097
P: 616-649-1014
F: 616-649-1067
E: sales@accroseal.com
W: accroseal.com
Accuaire Instruments Inc.
Avon Industrial Park Reading, PA 19612-3875
P: 800-308-0100
F: 610-372-8444
E: accuaire@mindspring.com
Accuflex 8000 Ronda Dr. Canton, MI 48187
P: 734-451-0080
F: 734-451-0544
E: sales@accuflex.com W: accuflex.com
Accumulators, Inc. 18435 Morton Rd. Houston, TX 77084
P: 713-465-0202
F: 713-468-1618
E: info@accumulators.com W: accumulators.com
ACE Controls 23435 Industrial Park Dr. Farmington Hills, MI 48335
Copperweld Corporation (Formerly LTV Copperweld) 2200 Four Gateway Center Pittsburgh, PA 15222-1211 P: 866-BUY-TUBE F: 412-263-6995 E: info@copperweld.com W: copperweld.com
Coronet Parts Manufacturing Co., Inc. 901 Elton Street Brooklyn, NY 11208 P: 718-649-1750 F: 718-272-2956 E: sales@coronetparts.com W: coronetparts.com
Cotta Transmission Company 1301 Prince Hall Drive Beloit, WI 53511-4439 P: 608-368-5600 F: 608-368-5605
E: sales@cotta.com W: cotta.com
Coxreels 5865 South Ash Avenue Tempe, AZ 85283
P: 800-269-7335 F: 800-229-7335
E: info@coxreels.com W: coxreels.com
CPV Manufacturing, Inc. 851 N. Preston Street Philadelphia, PA 19104 P: 215-386-6508 F: 215-387-9043
E: sales@cpvmfg.com W: cpvmfg.com
Crest Rubber Company 6408 Newton Falls Rd. Ravenna, OH 44266 P: 330-296-4015 F: 330-296-4684 E: crestrubber@nec.rr.com W: crestrubber.com
EAO Corporation One Parrott Drive Shelton, CT 06484
P: 203-951-4600 F: 203-951-4601
E: sales.eus@eao.com W: eao.com
Enertrols
23435 Industrial Park Dr. Farmington Hills, MI 48335
P: 734-595-4500
F: 734-595-6410
E: customerservice@enertrols.com
W: enertrols.com
Protecting your entire hydraulic hose assembly with Essentraʼs complete line of protection products. Samples and CAD Drawings www.essentracomponents.com
Elite Manifolds 1640 New Market Ave. Plainfield, NJ 07080
P: 952-294-2017
F: 952-294-2080
E: hydraulicstraining@eaton.com
W: eatonhydraulics.com/training
Eaton – Hydraulics Business
14615 Lone Oak Road
Eden Prairie, MN 55344
P: 952-937-9800
F: 952-937-7105
E: eatonhydpmcmarketing@eaton. com
W: eaton.com/hydraulics
Eaton’s Filtration Division 44 Apple Street Tinton Falls, NJ 07724
P: 800-859-9212
E: filtration@eaton.com
W: eaton.com/filtration
Echo Engineering and Production Supplies, Inc.
5406 W. 78th Street Indianapolis, IN 46220
P: 888-324-6365
F: 317-875-0035
E: info@echosupply.com
W: echosupply.com
eCycle, Incorporated 4700 North 5th Street Temple, PA 19522
P: 610-939-0480
F: 610-939-0474
E: msharer@ecycle.com
W: ecycle.com
Eldon James Corp. 626 W. 66th St. Loveland, CO 80538
P: 970-667-2728 F: 970-667-3204
E: bill@eldonjames.com
W: eldonjames.com
Elect Air
11897 Cabernet Dr., Suite C Fontana, CA 92337
P: 951-685-1675
F: 951-361-4271
E: Rstrasbaugh@electair.com
W: electair.com
Electric Solenoid Valves
85 B Hoffman Lane Islandia, NY 11749
P: 800-983-8230
E: sales@electricsolenoidvalves. com
W: electricsolenoidvalves.com
Electroswitch
180 King Ave. Weymouth, MA 02188
P: 781-335-5200
F: 781-335-5200
E: info@electroswitch.com
W: electroswitch.com
Elesa 1930 Case Parkway North Twinsburg, OH 44087
P: 330-405-1300
F: 330-405-1310
E: aivakovic@elesausa.com
W: elesa.com
P: 732-595-7410
F: 732-424-1262
E: eng@elitemanifolds.com
W: elitemanifolds.com
Embassy Global LLC PO Box 924 Hamburg, NY 14075
P: 1-716-646-0924
E: inquiries@embassyglobalpr.com
W: embassyglobalpr.com
Emerson Automation Solutions PO Box 13597 1953 Mercer Road Lexington, KY 40512
PRIME Measurement Products, LLC 900 S. Turnbull Canyon Rd. City of Industry, CA 91745 P: 626-961-2547 F: 626-961-4452 E: info@prime-measurement.com W: prime-measurement.com
Prince Manufacturing Corp. P.O. Box 7000 North Sioux City, SD 57049-7000 P: 605-235-1220 F: 605-235-1082
E: prince@princehyd.com W: princehyd.com
Pro-Active Fluid Power 44383 Reynolds Dr. Clinton Twp., MI 48036
RHM Fluid Power (a Flodraulic company) 375 Manufacturers Drive Westland, MI 48186
P: 734-326-5400
F: 734-326-0339
E: info@rhmfp.com W: rhmfp.com
Rietschle Thomas 1419 Illinois Ave. Sheboygan, WI 53081
P: 920-457-4891
F: 920-451-4276
E: leads@rtpumps.com W: rtpumps.com
Rineer Hydraulics 331 Breesport San Antonio, TX 78216
P: 210-341-6333
F: 210-341-1231
E: sales@rineer.com
W: rineer.com
Ritepro, Inc.
A Subsidiary of Bray Intl., Inc. 12,200 Albert Hudon Blvd. Montreal, Quebec H1G 3K7 CANADA
P: 514-324-8900
F: 514-324-9525
E: Strudel@bray.qc.ca W: ritepro.com
RJ Hydraulics Inc. 967 New Castle Rd. Butler, PA 16001
P: 724-865-9883
F: 724-865-2501
E: RJHydraulic@gmail.com
RL Hudson Company 2000 West Tacoma Broken Arrow, OK 74012
P: 918-259-6600
F: 918-259-6700
E: info@RLHudson.com
W: RLHudson.com
Robeck Fluid Power Co. 350 Lena Drive Aurora, OH 44202
P: 330-562-1140
F: 330-562-1141
E: sales@robeckfluidpower.com
W: robeckfluidpower.com
Rota-Cyl Corporation PO Box 269, 136 Stauffer Road BechPhonesville, PA 19505 P: 610-845-8001 F: 610-845-8178
E: sales@rotacyl.com W: rotacyl.com
Rota Engineering Limited Wellington Street Bury, Manchester United Kingdom, BL8 2BD P: 011-44-161-764-0424
E: info@rota-eng.com W: rota-eng.com
Rotary Power Inc. 6009 West 41st Street, Suite 1A Sioux Falls, SD 57106 P: 1-605-361-5155 F: 1-605-362-1949
E: info@rotarypower.com W: rotarypower.com
Rotary Systems, Inc. 14440 Azurite Street NW Minneapolis, MN 55303 P: 763-323-1514 F: 763-323-1622 E: info@rotarysystems.com W: rotarysystems.com
Roth Hydraulics NA Inc. One General Motors Drive Syracuse, NY 13211 P: 1-315-475-0100 F: 1-315-475-0200 E: service@roth-hydraulics.com W: roth-hydraulics.com
Rotomation, Inc. 11 Sunshine Blvd. Ormond Beach, FL 32174 P: 386-676-6377 F: 386-676-6379 E: sales@rotomation.com W: rotomation.com
Winters Instruments 600 Ensminger Rd. Buffalo, NY 14150
P: 716-874-8700 F: 716-874-8800
E: usasales@winters.com W: winters.com
Winters Instruments 121 Railside Road Toronto, Ont
CANADA M3A 1B2
P: 1-800-Winters F: 416-444-8979
E: sales@winters.com W: winters.com
Wojanis Supply Company 1001 Montour West Industrial Park Coraopolis, PA 15108
P: 724-695-1415
F: 724-695-1203
E: dougg@wojanis.com W: wojanis.com
Womack Machine Supply
Company
13835 Senlac Drive
Farmers Branch, TX 75234
P: 800-569-9800
E: sales@womack-machine.com
W: womackmachine.com
Woodward HRT
25200 West Rye Canyon Rd.
Santa Clarita, CA 91355
P: 661-702-5224
F: 661-702-5100
E: Mark.Tandy@woodward.com
W: r-ddv.com
World Wide Fittings
600 Corporate Woods Parkway
Vernon Hills, IL 60061
P: 847-588-2200
F: 847-588-2212
E: sales@worldwidefittings.com
W: worldwidefittings.com
World Wide Metric 37 Readington Rd Branchburg, NJ 08876
P: 732-247-2300
F: 732-247-7258
E: sales@worldwidemetric.com
W: worldwidemetric.com
Worthington AG Parts 122 St. George Lane Sikeston, MO 63801-8705
P: 800-637-5165
F: 573-471-2693
E: dbell@worthingtonagparts.com
W: worthingtonagparts.com
WP Associates
211 Hickory Point Buckhead, GA 30625
P: 706-991-9946
E: wpassociates@plantationcable. net
Yates Industries Inc.
23050 East Industrial Drive
St. Clair Shores, MI 48080
P: 586-778-7680
E: sales@yatesind.com
W: yatesind.com
York Precision Machining & Hydraulics
706 Willow Springs Lane York, PA 17406
P: 717-764-8855
F: 717-767-2798
E: kreichard@yorkpmh.com
W: yorkpmh.com
Youli-America
222 S. Navigation Blvd. Corpus Christi, TX 78405
P: 713-861-8041
F: 361-883-3893
E: service@youli-america.com
W: youli-america.com
Young Powertech Inc.
3060 Plaza Drive #107 Garnet Valley, PA 19061
P: 610-558-0760
F: 610-558-0762
E: info@youngpowertech.com
W: youngpowertech.com
Young Touchstone 2825 Four Mile Rd. Racine, WI 53404
P: 262-639-1013
F: 262-639-1013
E: chorton@wabtec.com
W: youngtouchstone.com
Yuken/ALA Industries Limited (North America Master Distributor) 3410 Delta Drive Portage, IN 46385
P: 877-419-8536
F: 219-477-4194
E: alaindustries@yuken-usa.com
W: yuken-usa.com
Zander
A Division of Parker-Hannifin Corp. 5900-B Northwoods Pkwy. Charlotte, NC 28269
P: 800-543-0851
F: 678-924-1111
E: zanderusa@zanderusa.com
W: zanderusa.com
Zatkoff Seals & Packings
P.O. Box 486 Farmington, MI 48332
P: 248-478-2400
F: 248-478-3392
E: info@zatkoff.com
W: zatkoff.com
ZEKS Compressed Air Solutions
302 Goshen Pkwy.
West Chester, PA 19380
P: 610-692-9100
F: 610-692-9192
E: zeks@zeks.com
W: zeks.com
ZF Off-Highway Solutions Minnesota, Inc.
1911 Lee Blvd.
North Mankato, MN 56003
P: 507-625-6426
F: 507-625-3212
E: sh-orders.nmn@zf.com
W: mico.com
Zemarc Corporation 6431 Flotilla Street
Los Angeles, CA 90040
P: 323-721-5598
F: 323-722-2220
W: zemarc.com
E: sales@zemarc.com
Zemarc Engineering 6431 Flotilla Street
Los Angeles, CA 90040
P: 323-721-5598
F: 323-722-2220
E: sales@zemarc.com
W: zemarc.com/engineering
Zemar Fluid Power 1801 Addison Way Hayward, CA 94544
P: 510-783-3964
F: 510-783-1443
E: sales@zemarc.com
W: zemarc.com
Zemarc Fluid Power & Ventura ParkerStore 2960 Los Olivos Oxnard, CA 94544
Zemarc Fluid Power – Authorized Service Center 3510 E. Church Avenue Fresno, CA 93725
P: 559-264-2009 F: 559-268-2361
E: sales@zemarc.com W: zemarc.com/service
Zenith® Pumps 5910 Elwin Buchanan Drive
Sanford, NC 27330 P: 919-775-4600 F: 919-774-5952
E: zenithpumps@parker.com W: zenithpumps.com
Zero-Max 13200 6th Ave. N. Minneapolis, MN 55441
P: 763-546-4300 F: 763-546-8260
E: sales@zero-max.com W: zero-max.com
Zinga Industries, Inc. 2400 Zinga Dr. Reedsburg, WI 53959
P: 608-524-4200 F: 608-524-4220
E: zinga@zinga.com W: zinga.com
ZMC Corporation 1255 Stone Dr. San Marcos, CA 92069
P: 760-471-0440 F: 760-471-0902
E: btaylor@zemarc.com W: zmccorporation.com
ZSI 42550 Executive Drive Canton, MI 48188
P: 800-323-7053
F: 734-844-0066
P: 805-973-5900
F: 805-973-5919
E: sales@zemarc.com
W: zemarc.com
E: twright@zsi-inc.com W: zsi-inc.com
WEB MARKETPLACE LITERATURE REVIEW
Adaconn®
+
Inserta® Product Catalog
A continuously updated product catalog is available as an interactive pdf version on the Adaconn® + Inserta® website, providing the most up to date resource for new product offerings. Printed catalogs are available by request.
Adaconn® + Inserta® components, when used together, can be used to save space, time, and money, resulting in a compact and professional appearing assembly.
Adaconn® + Inserta®
Blue Bell, Pennsylvania 215.643.1900 | 215.643.0192 www.adaconn.com | www.inserta.com
SOLUTIONS
TO
»
Main’s website provides quick access to the 120 page catalog that includes popular styles of MAIN Manufacturing’s extensive offering of carbon and stainless Hydraulic Flanges and Components – ready for immediate shipment. Metric ordering information, weld specs, and dimensional information included. The “Quick Reference Guide” helps specify less popular items often stocked or quickly manufactured (generally 3-4 days) at our US plant. “Create-A-Flange” offers more parts than the catalog — by picture. If it’s not here, or for questions, E-mails may be sent to get your answer quickly.
1-800-521-7918 info@mainmfg.com
Pumps that fail due to broken internal mechanisms are caused by pressure spikes that exceed the pumps’ maximum pressure rating. The factory suggested that a 70 MPa (10,000-psi) gauge that had the liquid removed, as well as the orifice in the male NPT connection, be installed with a leakproof check. This was recommended so the pressure spike could be trapped in the gauge after several cycles of the system. The gauge settled out at 59 MPa (8,500 psi).
Upon review, it was determined that the typical yoke response time to off-stroke (full compensation) was 40 ms. The directional control valves’ time to block the pressure port was 15 ms. If you use 0.5% per 7 MPa (1000 psi) for the compressibility of oil, the oil volume with the original 10 meters (30 feet) of expandable hose acts like an accumulator reducing the pressure spike. Installing a directly operated relief in the outlet line of the pump reduced the spike to 11MPa (1600 psi) caused by the new shorter length of the hose.
ON PAGE 05 The correct answer to Test Your Skills on page 12 is 1E.
Lubriplate’s complete line of ultra high-performance, hydraulic fluids has been designed to provide a wide range of benefits including: extended fluid change intervals, cooler operating temperatures, reduced friction and reduced downtime. Products include...
POWER THAT MOVES INDUSTRY. RELIABILITY THAT NEVER QUITS.
At Young Powertech, we build high-performance mechanical and hydraulic solutions that maximize power, efficiency, and durability in the toughest industries—farming, marine, industrial, construction, mining, and wind energy. In-line Helical Up to 5500 LB-IN Worm Gear, Heli-worm, Double worm Up to 62,000 LB-IN
