essay on french revolution by I Need Help Writing My Essay

ThereisnodoubtthattheFrenchRevolutionhashadaprofoundeffectontheworld.Thecauseor causesofithavebeengreatlydisputed.ClearlytheRevolution'sprimarycausewasthepresenceofa weakmonarchyandalackofastablesystemofgovernmentFrance'sabsolutemonarchyhadmany changestowardtheendoftheeighteenthcentury.KingLouisXVI,inhisattemptstoconsolidatehis authorityandlessenthepowerofthearistocrats,hadplannedoutanintendantsystem.The intendantswerelikegovernors.Theywouldoverseeoneconstituencyofthecountry.These intendantscouldnotgoverntheregioninwhichtheylived,andwerechosenfromotherthanthe aristocracyThisinsuredthattheirallegiancewaspledgedtothekingandshowmorecontent TherewerethreedivisionsorclassesinFrancecalledestates.Thefirstestate,whichwascomposed ofchurchofficials,hadimmenseauthorityandobtainedenormoussalaries.Churchofficials obtainedtheirsalariesviataxescollectedfromchurchpropertyTherefore,sincetheofficials receivedtheirsalariesfromthechurchproperty,theydidnothavetopaytaxes.Thesecondestate wascomposedmainlyofnobility.They,too,wereexemptfrompayingtaxes.Thislefttheentiretax burdenuponthethirdestate.Thethirdestateconsistedofsomemerchantsandentrepreneurs; however,themajoritieswerepeasants.Corruptionoftheestateswascausingmuchfrustration amongthecommonpeoplewhocomposed70percentofthepopulationThemonarchytriedto makeanattempttogivethethirdestatepowerbyestablishingtheEstate'sGeneral,butthistoowas corrupted.Unlikemostlegislativebodies,theEstate'sGeneraldidnotvotebyeachpersonhavinga singlevote.Rather,theyleteachestatehaveonevoteeach.Sincethefirsttwoestateswerealways inagreement,thethirdestatewasalwaysoutvoted.Thisisaprimeexampleofhowthelackofa stablegovernmenthadanimmenselytragiceffectonthepeopleofthecountryIfthemonarchyhad triedtomakesomereformorifLouisXVIhadmorebackbonetoinstitutesometaxreformtolessen theburdenonthethirdestate,theRevolutionmayhavebeenavoided.Thegovernmentisthe backboneofany

TheFrenchRevolutionof1789Essay

WhyDidTheFrenchRevolutionFailEssay

CameronYoungWorldHistoryUnit5TestFebruary21,2017Whydosomerevolutionsworkwhy othersfailWellthereisasimplereasonwhytheFrenchRevolutiondidn'tspanoutlikethe AmericanRevolution,itwasbecausetheFrenchlackedtheBritishtraditionofrepresentative government.BeforetherevolutiontheFrenchhadoneofthemostpowerfulmonarchiesinhistory. MeanwhiletheBritishhadamonarchbutitwascheckedbyparliamentTheFrenchpeoplehada verydefinedculturewhileAmericawasdiverse.TheFrenchneverhadasenseofvoting.Andina lotofwaysthefirstsettlershadtomakedecisionsmoredemocratically.Alsothemainleadersofthe FrenchRevolutionVoltaire,MontesquieuandRousseauonlygavethepeopletheoriesTryingto adoptanewwayofgovernmentdoesn'tcomewithinstructions.Thepracticalexperiencethewasso heavilylackingultimatelydoomedtheFrenchRevolutiontoshowmorecontent

Nowwhatmadeallofthesesuccessfulwasthedomesticandinternationalinfluences.The internationalaspectofitcamefrompreviousrevolutionswhichgavethesecountriesa"blueprint"to followTheseoutsideinfluenceshelpedcreateaplanforthepeopletofollowinordertosucceed Withthehelpoftheinternationalinfluenceitcreatedadomesticinfluence.Thingslikerising expectationsandincreasinglevelsofliteracyandeducation,massmobilization,andagrowing influenceofcivicactorshelpedmoldtheserevolutionstobecomingasuccesswithastrongplatform togooffwithgoodintentionsandknowledgeablepoliticalwell–balancedleaderstoputthemonthe rightpathThereasontothesesuccessfulrevolutionsisthestrongpre–existingknowledgeable politicalfoundationincludingidealleaders(nottheorist)withanationthathasstrongtraditionof local

WhywasthereaFrenchRevolution?

Between,1789¡V1799,manyeventsoccurredinFrancethatcausedanoutbreakwithinthepeople thusleadingtoarevolution.ThisculminatedintheFrancebecomingademocraticgovernment.This essaywillarguethattheresentmentofabsolutegovernment,financialdifficulties,thefamine,riseof philosophesandtheongoingfeudbetweentheestatesareallthemajorcausesofwhytherewasa revolutioninFrance.

Firstlybeforegoingintothetopic,theword¡§revolution¡¨mustbedefined¡§Arevolutionisa relativelysuddenandabsolutelyhugechange.Thismaybeachangeinthesocialorpolitical institutionsoverarelativelyshortperiodoftime,oramajorchangeinitscultureoreconomy

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Ifthekingwasinterestedintheopinionsofthepeople,allhehadtodogototheEstatesGeneraland askfortheirvoteonanyissueheputforthThelasttimetheEstatesGeneralhadbeeninmeeting wasin1614,thereforeitisevidentthatbythelate1700s,thatthekingwasnolongerinterestedin theinfluenceoftheFrenchpeople.Thissortofignorancetothepeoplewasamajorfactorinwhy therewasarevolutioninFrance

Thefaminekilledmanypeopleduringthelate18thcenturyandwascausedbytheotherunderlining factorssuchasfinancialtroubleandargumentsbetweentheestates.Differentcropfailuresinthe 1780scausedtheseshortages,whichofcourseledtohighpricesforbreadandotherfood substancesWiththepricesgoinguppeoplegrewangrywiththegovernmentandwagedfora revolution.TherewerepoorconditionsinthecountrysidewhichmaderesidentstomoveintoParis, andthecitywasovercrowdedandfilledwiththehungryanddisaffectedpeoplewhodesperately neededmorefoodtolive.Thepeasants,whoweretheworstofthelot,sufferedfromtheeconomic andagriculturalproblems.Withallthisaddedup,therewasnootherwaytofixtheseproblemsbut tohavearevolution

AnothercauseoftheFrenchRevolutionwasinthefinancialdifficultiesofthegovernment.King LouisXVandKingLouisXVIbothledextremely

FrenchRevolutionEssay

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Theperiodof18thand19thcenturyismarkedbythegreatesttransformations,reformations, revolutionsandmanyothercriticaleventsthatevertookplaceinhumanhistory.Thecreditisgiven toalltheserevolutionsforenlightenmentofmankindThetwomostimportantrevolutionswerethe Frenchrevolutionandtheindustrialrevolution.Onecanfeelthatbothoftheserevolutionsmutually reinforcedeachotherandlaterbecamethebackboneofallotherrevolutions.Ontheotherhand, bothrevolutionshadtotallydifferentimpactsandconsequencesatvariouseconomical,politicaland socialrealms.Thedevelopmentoftheindustrialisationisoutcomeoftheadvancementof agriculture.Agriculturehasplayedveryimportantroleinthe...showmorecontent...

Thehighproductionloweredthecostofthefoodandraisedthestandardoflife.Ontheotherhand, smallfarmerandpeasantclasswasunemployedastheylosttheirlandtorichlandholders.There wasincreaseinthelabourforceItseemsthatsociallyandeconomicallyEnglandpossessed everythingneededtofueltheindustrialrevolution.Also,thecottageindustryofEnglandwasnot abletofulfillthedemandsofincreasingpopulation.Theratioofdemandtosupplyincreased tremendouslyaspopulationdoubledinlessthanhalfcenturyTherefore,peoplebegantofocuson thewaystoimprovethecottageindustry.In1765cottonspinningjennywasinventedbyacarpenter namedJamesHargreavesAtthesametime,RichardArkwrightinventedthewaterframein1768 Thesetwoinventionstriggeredtheproductionofthecottageindustryandcottonbecamecheaper andaffordabletoallclasses.TherealbreakthroughcomeswhenJameswattinventedsteamengine in1776whichmadepossibletheestablishmentofcoalandironfactoriestomoresuitableareas Initially,steamengineswereusedforpumpingwateroutofcoalminesandinironindustrytocreate draftinblastfurnaces.Steampowerwasefficientlyappliedtotransportation,agriculture,andother technologicalsectors.In1856,HenryBessemerinventedBessemerConvertorthatconvertediron intocheaperanddurablesteel.Steelproduction

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TheFrenchRevolutionwasatimeofgreatsocial,politicalandeconomictumultintheclosingyears oftheEighteenthCentury.ThemotivatorspushingFrenchcitizenrytowardrevolutionarevariedin scopeandoriginTheyrangefromimmediateeconomicwoestoanantiquarianclassstructure Modernhistoriansstilldebatethevalueofthechangesthattherevolutionbroughttomodern society.Themiddleclassmadegainsthatwouldneverberescinded,butdorevolutionsalwaysend intyranny?Intheyearsbeforetherevolutioncitizenswererigidlyconstrainedbytheestatesofthe realm.Thesesocialstratahadbeeninplacesincethemedievalages.Thepeopleweredividedinto threegroups;clergy,nobilityandeveryoneelse.Theclergy...showmorecontent...

Thehighcostsofmaintainingthearmyandnavyexacerbatedthesituation,alongwiththelavish lifestyleofKingLouisXVIandhisqueen,Marie–Antoinette.LouisappointedCharlesdeCalonne ascomptroller–generaltosolveFrance'sfinancialcrisisCalonneknewthattheonlywaytoget Franceoutofdebtwastofairlydistributethetaxburdenamongthethreeestates.Ofcourse,thisdid sitwellwiththenobilityandCalonnewasdismissedaftergivinghispresentationattheAssemblyof NotablesInadesperateact,LouiscalledtheEstatesGeneralTheEstatesGeneralwasanancient practicethathadnotbeencalledsince1614.Eventstherewouldprovetobethebeginningofthe revolutionproperFrancesufferedunderyearsofineptandself–servingmonarchsLouisXVIwas precededbyhisgrandfather,LouisXV.Itwashislossofpublicopinionandwarspendingthatput hisgrandsoninsuchaprecariouspositionintheyearsafterhisreign.TheruleofLouisXVIwould provetobeadoomedoneHewasoustedafteracomparativelyshort17yearsTheoutdated politicalsystemgavewaytoaconstitutionalmonarchy,andwhenthatfailed,theFrenchRepublic. ThisRepublichoweverwouldnotprovetolast.Feudalismwasthewholeofexistenceforrural commonersinthetimebeforetherevolution.Farmershadnorighttothelandtheyworkedandlived on.Serfswerebeholdentotheirmanorlord

NationalismInTheFrenchRevolutionEssay

TheFrenchRevolutiondirectlyaffectedthenineteenthcenturythroughthecreationofmany ideologies,oneimportantonebeingnationalism.Nationalismisaverycontroversialideology becauseofthemanydiverseapproachestowardsitstruedefinition.Abroaddefinitionof nationalismcouldbeperceivedasastrongdevotiontowardsthecultureandidentityofanation.As wellastheideathatnationswillbenefitmorefromactingasanindependentnationopposedto multiplestatesworkingtogetherasacollective.Itsemergencecompletelychangedthepoliticalmap ofEuropeandresultedinthebirthofmanynewnations.Therearemanydifferentviewstowardsthe truereasonfortheemergenceofNationalisminEuropeManyhistoriansbelievetheemergencecan becreditedtotheFrenchRevolutionandlaterthecontinuationofideasunderNapoleonBonaparte. WhileothersbelievetheIndustrialRevolutionheldmoreimportanceforthewidespreadarrivalof nationalism.Itseemsbettertoencompassbothandarguethattheemergenceofnationalismin EuropewascausedbytheFrenchRevolution,NapoleonBonaparte'srule,andtheIndustrial RevolutionNationalismisawidelydebatedideologythatdiffersbasedonthehistorian'sdefinition Forexample,BenedictAndersonattemptstodefinenationalismas"animaginedpolitical community[thatis]imaginedasbothinherentlylimitedandsovereign"(Anderson,pg6).Anderson alsobelievesthemaincausesofnationalismcanbe

TheFrenchRevolutionandthecreationoftheNationalAssembly Introduction

TheFrenchRevolutionwasacriticalerainthehistoryofFranceandEuropethatradically transformedthesocialandpoliticalaspectsofthenationfromtheancientmonarchysystemof governmentandfeudalsystem,totheintroductionofdemocracy.TheFrenchpeopledrewtheir motivationfromtheAmericanpeoplewhohadalreadyachievedthedemocraticinstitutionsAs such,theEnlightenmentagecompelledindividualstofightagainstsocialandpoliticalinjustices perpetratedbythereigningkingofthetime.Beforetherevolution,thenationhadthreedivisions. ThedivisionscomprisedoftheClergy,theNobilityandtheCommoner,withlittlerepresentation of...showmorecontent...

Theking'swife,MarieAntoinettewasinfamousforleadinganextravagantlife(Barnes508)This meantadditionalintaxationtothepeople.Thekingalsoprovedtobeineffectiveandcruel,and couldnotsolvethepredicamentsofthepeople.Thekingfacedcriticismfromhissubjectsandhence theriseoftheopposition

Thesegregationofpeopleintothethreegroupsalsoservedasasignificantcompellingfactortothe revolutionTheNoblesandtheClergyrepresentedonly3percentofthepopulationandwerethe peoplewiththelargestrepresentationwithinthegoverninginstitutions(Neely70).Thecommoners, despitebeingthemajority,receivedlittlerepresentationinthegovernment,andthiscreatedan imbalancewithinthepeople

ImpactsandachievementsoftheFrenchRevolution–theNationalAssembly

TheFrenchRevolutionhadsignificantachievements,despitethewidespreadpropertyandlifeloss. Therevolutionsoughttobringbalanceamongthethreegroupsofpeoplewithinthenation.The unitingfactoratthetimewasthenationalassemblyandtheconstitution.Thenationalassemblyand theconstitutionsignificantlyreducedthedistinctgapbetweenthethreegroups,andtriedtounify thepolitical,economicandsocialdisparitiesamongthegroups(Neely69).Theunificationofthe threegroups,thoughnotfully,aidedsignificantlyin

3.1ShortPaper:ComparativeEssayontheAmericanandFrenchRevolutions

1.)WhydoestheUnitedStatescomeoutitsrevolutionwitharepublicinsteadofamonarchy?Why dotheFrenchwindupwithanEmperorNapoleonbuttheUnitedStatesdoesnothaveaKing GeorgeoftheHouseofWashington?Therearemomentsinourhistorywherethecitizensofthe worldstandupandfortheirbeliefs,theirhonor,andthemselves.Theycometogethertoreformthe existinggovernmentthatisholdingthembackfromachievingtheirdesiredlifestyleWhenthis occurs,mostlikely,warisinevitabletofollow.Whenwarcomestoacountry,deathanddestruction isdestined.Leadersandruleschange,buttheprideofitscitizensprevailsandbecomes...showmore content

Whenthatmonarchywentagainstthecolonists,andregardedthemapartoftheempire,thiswasnot entirelyhowthecolonist'swishedtoidentifythemselvesAmericaanditscolonistswishedto establishthemselvesasbeingindependentfromamonarchyandtohaveasayinhowtheywere ruled.Aftertherevolutionwasover,WashingtonwentbacktoMountVernontoretire,orsohe thought

WhenWashingtonwasaskedbyhisfellowfoundingfatherstobecomethenewKingoftheUnited States,hisreactionmusthavebeenpricelessAfterfightingtherevolutionformanylonghardyears, togetawayfromamonarchy,andnowtheywantedtocreateanotherone.Washingtonhadhis reasonswhyhedidnotwishtobekingbecause,"HewasdrivenbyAmeri–cannationalismyears beforeindependencewasdeclared,andforeightlongyearsafter1775hesacrificedasasoldierto bringtheAmericanna¬tionintobeing.Heemergedfromretirementtosearchforameansof safeguardinganationalUnionimperiledbysectionalistsandlocalists,andwithconsiderable misgivingsheagreedtotakeonthepresidencyinanattempttoestablishanenergeticnational governmentandarobustandtrulyindependentUnitedStates."WashingtondidnotwishtobeKing, hewishedtohavewhathefoughtintherevolutionfor,agovernmentthatwasgovernedbythe peoplenotamonarch.America'sfoundingfathers,wereatthehelmofthe

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ImpactOfTheFrenchRevolution

HowtheFrenchRevolutionImpactedtheWorld

TheFrenchRevolutioncompletelyrevolutionizedFranceandtheworldaroundit.Notonlydidit changethewaypeopleweregoverned,itspreadthebeliefsofnationalismandmadeaveragecitizens feelprideintheircountryagain.TheRevolutionalsoenabledNapoleontorisetopowerandfurther spreadnationalismandEnlightenmentideasacrossEuropeTherevolutioninFranceinspired countriesaroundtheworldtotakebeliefintotheirownideasandbegintheprocessofdemanding representation.

AbsoluteMonarchywasamainformofGovernmentintheworldbeforetheFrenchRevolution,but whenthelowerestatesrevoltedpeoplesawwhatcould,andwouldhappenifthecommonpeople didn'tshowmorecontent

Napoleontookadvantageoftheweakgovernmentandseizedpowerin1799,wherehewouldthen helpoverthrowtheDirectory,settingupthree–mangoverningboard,calledtheFirstConsul.1802 wastheyearwherehewouldnamehimselfconsulforlifePeoplelookeduptoNapoleon,hewasa strongfigureinthemilitaryandtheonlybattlestheywouldhearabouthimwouldbevictories. Finally,in1804hewouldgainenoughpowertobeabletocrownhimselfemperorofFrance. NapoleonlovedtoshowhowmuchpowerhehadsohetookthethrownfromthePopetoshowhe didn'tlookuptoanyone.TheFrenchstronglysupportedNapoleon,eventhoughhehadabsolute power,butthistimeitwasnotamonarch,itwasademocraticdespotismNapoleonwouldcontinue toreformFrance,hewouldcontinuetokeeppowerbystrengtheningthecentralgovernment. Napoleonwasconsideredagoodleadersincehewasallaboutequalityandgivingeveryonea chanceAt1812:Francewasatthepeakofitsdominance,Napoleonwassuchauniquefighter everywar,thatnooneknewhowtodefendhimbecauseeverywarhechangedstrategies.By1812 hecontrolledmostofEurope.Butin1812hewaspreparingtoovertakeRussiawiththe"Grand Army"of600,000soldiersand50,000horses.TheRussianswerepreparedandwouldusethe scorchedearthpolicy,thiswouldleavetheFrenchhungryandcoldwhenwintercame,thiswould maketheFrenchretreatandtheRussians

MostcouldargueCharlesDickensbestoftimesquoteisfalselydescribedbutitisactuallymore truthfulthanonemayrealize.TheFrenchrevolutionintheshorttermmayhavefailedbutregardless hasinfluencethefutureofFrance.Itwasaverydarktimetobealivebutmanyadvancescamewith thedarkness.Napoleonwasapowerfulleaderthatconnectedwithissoldierstogetwhathewanted. FrancewasverymuchlikehowCharlesdescribedaround1789Whilemanyadvanceswheretaking place,corruptionwasalsoaproblematthetime.Napoleonhadmanyenemiesbutstoodtallformost ofhislife.WhilemanycouldargueCharlesincorrectlydescribetheevents,therearemany examplesofhimbeingcorrectSo,whathappenedaround1789?TheFrenchrevolutionwasabout totakeanditwouldbelastforabout10yearsandendedwithNapoleonsdeath.Thepointofthe revolutionwastoovertakethemonarchy.Napoleonwasabigpartofthisrevolutionlater.Before Napoleontookcharge,firsttherevolutionhadtoremovethecurrentruler.Afterafewyearsthey havesucceededandexecutedkingLouisXVI.WiththeremovingofLouis,allsurroundinglands wherenowenemieswithFranceNapoleonwouldhavetofightoffmanyarmy'slargerthanhisown tosaveFrance.ForthemostpartNapoleoncouldoutsmartanyonewhoattackedhim.Hewas knowntoleadhismenlikehewasoneofthem.Heconnectedwithhismenwhichleadthemto believeinhimasgreatleader.WhenCharlesDicken

PersuasiveEssayOnTheFrenchRevolution

TheFrenchRevolutionEssay

TheFrenchRevolution

TheFrenchRevolutionlastfrom1789to1799.Thiswarhadmanycausesthatbegantherevolution. ItscausesrangedfromtheAmericanRevolution,theeconomiccrisisinFrance,socialinjusticesto theimmediatecauseslikethefallofBastille,theConveningofheEstate–General,andtheGreat Fear.Asaresultofthisrevolutiontheremanyeffects,immediateandlongterm.Theimmediate effectswerethedeclarationofrightsofman,abolishingofoldsreign,executionofkingandqueen, thereignofterror,andwarandformingofthecitizen–armyThelongtermeffectsweretheriseof Napoleon,spreadofrevolutionaryideas,growthofnationalism,andtheconservativereaction.

Thecontributingfactorstoshowmorecontent

Inthiswaytheprivilegedclasseshadcombinedtooutvotethethirdestate,whichincludedmore than90percentofthepopulation.AnothercausewasthefallofBastille.ThefallingoftheBastille markedaturningpoint–attemptsatreformhadbecomeafull–scalerevolutionOneofthecauses wastheeconomicproblemsofmanycommonpeoplehadbecomeworse,becausepoorweather conditionshadruinedtheharvest.Asaresult,thepriceofbread,themostimportantfoodofthe poorerclasseshadincreased.Violencegrewinboththecitiesandthecountrysideduringthespring andsummer.Whilehungryartisansrevoltedinurbanareas,starvedpeasantssearchedtheprovinces forfoodandworkThesevagrantswererumoredtobearmedagentsoflandlordshiredtodestroy cropsandharassthecommonpeople.Manyruralpeasantsbegantopanic,knownastheGreatFear. Theyattackedthehomesoftheirlandlordstoprotectlocalgrainsuppliesandreducingrentsontheir landAlsoLewisXVIgaveinsoreluctantly,forexample,takingmonthstoapprovetheDeclaration ofRights,whichmadehostilityofthecrownonlyincreased.

TheimmediateeffectsoftheFrenchRevolutionWastheDeclarationoftheRightsofMan.Thiswas oneofthemostconstructiveachievementsoftheFrenchRevolution.TheRightsofMansaidthat therewouldbeequalityofallpersonsbeforethelaw;equitabletaxation;protectionagainstlossof propertythrougharbitrary

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TheFrenchRevolutionaffectedthesocialconditionsofFrancebecause–1itremovedmostnobles fromtheirhighpositionsinsociety––2peoplewereangrybytheupperclasssotheystopped interactingwiththem––3thefrenchupperclassseparatedthemselvesevenmoresofromthe commonpeopleandleftFrance–.

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TheFrenchRevolutionEssay

TheFrenchRevolutionwasaperiodoftimefrom1789to1799inFrancewheretherewaspolitical instability.Itofficiallybeganonthe14thofJuly,1789,whentheBastille,whichwasasymbolof theKing'sharshpolicies,wasstormed.TheKing,LouisXVI,theQueen,Marie–Antoinetteand about40,000peoplewereallbrutallymurdered.Buttherewasalsoapositiveside,theDeclaration oftheRightsofManandCitizenwasformallyadoptedonAugust1789andfeudalismwas abolished.Thisessaywilladdresstheissuesofthethreeestatessystem,foodshortagesandthe fiscalcrisis.ItwillalsobearguedthatthemostsignificantcauseoftheFrenchRevolutionwasthe socialinequalitythatstemmedfromthethreeestatessystemshowmorecontent Themajoritywerealreadystrugglingwiththecostofliving,andtheadditionofextrataxescausedit tobenearimpossibleforthemtosurvivefinancially.Thisangeredthethirdestate,andprovidedan incentivefortherevolution.Therefore,itisevidentthatthesocialinequalitythatderivedfromthe threeestatessystemwasthemostsignificantcauseoftheFrenchRevolution.

Secondly,thefoodshortagesandpriceswereahighlyinfluentialcauseoftheFrenchRevolution. Thethirdestatehadtopaythegabelle,whichwasextremelyexpensive(Hetherton).Saltwasan essentialcommoditythatwasnotonlyusedforseasoningbuttopreservemeatsandvegetablesfor thecoldseason(Hills).Whenthepeasantrycouldnotaffordthegabelle,theystarvedduringthe winterThiswasespeciallysignificantduringthewintersof1769,1776,1780–1783and1788,when therewereheavyhailstormsandtreacherouslycoldtemperatures(Martin).Thismeantthatthere wereseveralcropfailuresthatimpactedfoodssuchascornandgrain(Ashwell).Asaresult,the cropfailurescausedpricesofbreadandvegetablestoincrease9–foldand6–foldrespectively (Martin).Furthermore,theglacialweathercausedseveralsupplyroutestofreezeandclosedown. Forexample,theriversYonneandOisewerespecificallyusedforsupplyingmeat,sowhenthey becameunavailabletomerchants,thepriceofmeatescalated10–fold(Martin).Thismeantthatonly thosewhocould

TheFrenchRevolutionof1789hadmanylong–rangecauses.Political,social,andeconomic conditionsinFrancemadmanyFrenchpeoplediscontented.Mostdisaffectedweremerchants, artisans,workers,andpeasants.TheideasoftheEnlightenmentthinkersbroughtnewviewsof governmentandsociety.TheAmericanRevolutionalsoinfluencedthecomingofTheFrench RevolutionTherefore,TheFrenchRevolutionof1789hadseveralcausesnotonlyduetopolitical, butalsoduetosocialandeconomicissuesandproblemsaswellthatmadeFranceripefor revolution.Themostimportantlong–rangecausesofthisrevolution,however,weretheideasofthe Enlightenment,theunfairtaxes,thegapbetweentherichandpoor,andtheAmerican Revolution...showmorecontent...

Thereareveryfewmembersinthefirstandsecondestates,yettheyownedthemostland,whilethe thirdestatemadeupmostofthepopulation,yetownedverylittleland."First:Clergy–1%ofthe peopleowned10%oftheland.SecondEstate:Nobles–2%ofthepeopleowned35%oftheland. ThirdEstate–Middleclass,peasants,cityworkers97%ofthepeopleowned55%oftheland" (Document2)Therewerehighprices,hightaxes,andpeoplewerelisteningtoenlightenmentideas. LouisXVIdecidedtotaxtheSecondEstate.TheycalledameetingoftheEstates–General–an assemblyofrepresentativesfromallthreeestates.(ROI)Inaddition,asapoliticalcause,thethird estatehadnoprivilegesorsayinthegovernment,whileboththeclergyandnoblesdid.As mentionedbefore,theinequalityoftaxesprovedanothergapinthesocialclasses"TheRevolution hadbeenaccomplishedinthemindsofmenlongbeforeitwastranslatedintofact....Themiddle class...wassensitivetotheirinferiorlegalposition.TheRevolutioncamefromthem–themiddle classTheworkingclasseswereincapableofstartingorcontrollingtheRevolutionTheywerejust beginningtolearntoread."(Document4)Estates–Generalwasthefirstsuchmeetingin175years. MetonMay5th,1789inVersailles.IntheEstate–Generaleachestatehadonevote.(ROI)

Finally,theinfluenceoftheAmericanRevolutionand

DBQEssay:CausesOfTheFrenchRevolution

TaylorWunder

GenderandWorldSocieties

MidtermExam

PartOne–AnalyticalQuestion

3.DidtheEnlightenmentandTheFrenchRevolutionbringaboutchangeintermsofgender? Intermsofgender,bothTheEnlightenmentandTheFrenchRevolutionbroughtmonumental changesforwomen.TheEnlightenmentwasalsoreferredtoastheageofreason,anditwasan intellectualphenomenonthatbeganaroundthe1730s.ThekeyplayersoftheEnlightenmentwere themenoflettersorwhattheycalledthemselves,"lesphilosophes".FormosttheEnlightenment wasaboutdifferentattitudestowardsknowledgeandpower,andafocusonthecritiqueof authoritiesThisiswherewomenwerefirstaffectedThemenofletterswantedwomentobe educatedaswellasmen.Thiswasafirst,becauseduringthistimewomenweresecondtomenonly responsibleforhouseworkandmotherlyduties.TheEnlightenmentstartedtochangeallthat.The educationtheEnlightenmentbroughttowomenalsoopenedupnewdoorsforwomen,andtheyheld importantrolesintheEnlightenment.WomeninvolvedintheEnlightenmentrantheSalonsthatthe mendiscussedtheirideasandplansinSomewomen,likeMaryWollstonecraft,becamewritersand women'sadvocates.TheEnlightenmentopenedupdoorsforwomento...showmorecontent...

AfterseveralabortiveandcostlyeffortstoexploreMexico'sYucatánpeninsula,theSpaniards embarkeduponanexplorationofwhatisnowcentralMexicoHernanCortéz,wholedthemission, keptKingCharlesVinformedofeventsintheAmericasthroughaseriesofverydetailedletters. Underconstantpressuretojustifybothhisownleadershipandtheexpensesofconquest,Cortéz missednoopportunitytoexpounduponeithertherichestheNewWorldheldorthewillingnessof manyindigenouspeoplestoacceptSpanishtutelageandrule.TheseletterswereCorteswayof manipulatingthekingtofurtherhisown ...Getmorecontent...

Revolution?ThemajorcauseoftheFrenchRevolutionwasthedisputesbetweenthedifferenttypes ofsocialclassesinFrenchsociety.TheFrenchRevolutionof1789–1799wasoneofthemost importanteventsinthehistoryoftheworldTheRevolutionledtomanychangesinFrance,which atthetimeoftheRevolution,wasthemostpowerfulstateinEurope.TheRevolutionledtothe developmentofnewpoliticalforcessuchasdemocracyandnationalism.Itquestionedtheauthority ofkings,priests,andnoblesTheRevolutionalsogavenewmeaningsandnewideastothepolitical ideasofthepeople.<br><br>TheFrenchRevolutionwasspreadoverthetenyearperiodbetween 1789and1799.Theprimarycauseoftherevolutionwasthedisputesover...showmorecontent... However,therewasanotherimportantfactorduringthesetimes.Francesufferedfromharsh economicproblems.Poorfarmharvestsbyfarmershurttheeconomy,andtraderulesfromthe MiddleAgesstillsurvived,makingtradedifficultHowever,themostseriousproblemwasthe problemfacingthegovernmentduringthistime.TheFrenchgovernmentborrowedmuchmoneyto payforthewarsofLouisXIV.LouisstillborrowedmoneytofightwarsandtokeepFrenchpower aliveinEuropeThesecostsgreatlyincreasedthenationaldebt,whichwas,atthetime,alreadytoo high.<br><br>WhenKingLouisXVIcameintopower,herealizedthattheseproblemsexisted.At firsthedidnotknowwhattodo,untilhefoundamanbythenameofRobertTurgotHeeasedthe financialcrisisofFrance,buthehaddifficultieswhenhetriedtointroduceamajorreform,thatof taxingthenobles.Hehadsuchdifficultiesbecausethekingcouldnottaxthenoblesunlessthe ParliamentapprovedofthenewtaxlawsThepeopleinthecourtsthatvotedontheselawswerethe nobles,callednoblesoftherobe,andthereforerejectedTurgot'sreform.AfterTurgotwasrejected, thekingfiredhimfromhisoffice.ThisledLouisXVItosummontheEstatesGeneralin1789.The EstatesGeneralwastheplacewhererepresentativesfromeachsocialclasscouldberepresented. Here,manyissueswouldbediscussed,andatthistimein

TheAmericanRevolutionandtheFrenchRevolutionweretwobigthingsinhistory.Onestarteda newcountryandtheonechangedthewayinlife.TheAmericansfoughtforwhattheybelievedin andtheFrenchwereinfluencedbytheseactionsHerearethedifferencesbetweenthemboth

OneofthecausesoftheAmericanRevolutionwasthestampact.Thestampactwastaxon everythingprintedormaterialsthatwereneededregularlyThiswasbecauseEnglandwasindebt Anotherreasonwasthe1774intolerableacts.Theking,Georgethethird,shutdowntheBoston portsandgovernment.TheportsinBostonwerethebiggestinallthecolonies,sonaturallythiswas abigproblem.IntheFrenchRevolution,oneofthebiggestreasonsitstartedshowmorecontent In1783therevolutionarywarendedonceEnglandsignedthispaper.Also,thisrevolutioninspired manymoreincludingtheFrenchRevolutionSpeakingoftheFrenchRevolution,oneofthe outcomeswasNapoleonBonapartetakingover.Napoleonwasoneofthebestmilitaryleadersto everlive.AnotheroutcomewasFrancehadthreegovernments.ThenamesofallthreeareThe ConstitutionalGovernment,NewFranceandFrenchRepublican,lastlytheDirectoryInmy opinion,IthinktheAmericanRevolutionwasasuccess.Thecolonistgotwhattheywantedinthe endTheFrenchRevolutionwashalfandhalfTogetwheretheywantedtobeitwasabumpyroad TheywentthroughthreegovernmentsthenafterNapoleonleftanddied,theygotakingagain.They gotrightbackwheretheystarted.Theseoutcomesweretotaldifferent.IntheAmericanRevolution theywerecompletelysuccessful,notsomuchfortheFrenchIsaythisbecauseitwamuchharder fortheFrenchtofindastablegovernment.

Overall,IthinktheAmericanRevolutionwasmuchmoresuccessfulthantheFrench.Thisis becausetheAmericansdidn'thavemanyenemiesorobstaclesthatcausehugeproblems.In conclusion,IbelievetheAmericanRevolutionwasmoreofasuccessthantheFrench ...Getmorecontent...

EnlightenmentInfluenceOnTheFrenchRevolution

TheFrenchRevolutionwasaperiodoffar–reachingsocialandpoliticalchangeinFrancethatlasted from1789to1799.BeforetherevolutiontherewasaperiodoftimecalledtheEnlightenment.The Enlightenmentwasaphilosophicalmovementinwhichfollowersconsideredthathumanreason broughtamovefromtheorytopracticeandcriticismtoreformingeducation,household administration,socialreactionsandpoliticsVoltaire,aFrenchphilosopherandcontributortothe AgeofEnlightenment,expressedtheseideasutilizinghisintelligence,witandstyletomarkhis nameasoneofFrance'sgreatestwriters.TheEnlightenmentinfluencedtheFrenchRevolutiontoa greatextentbyintroducingnewideasthatencouragedquestioningofauthorityandreligion, advancingpeople'soutlookoncommodities,andforcingcitizenstocomparetheirneedwiththe Republic'sneeds.Thisfurtherbroughtanuprisingofpeoplewantingmoresuchasequalityandcivil rights.Intheprocesstodosotherewere250,000casualtiesintheReignofTerrorfollowedthe ThermidorianReactionwhichimplementedanoligarchygovernmentcalledtheDirectory.Royalist riotspromptedtheCoupd'etatofFructidorwhichbroughtNapoleonintoDirectorywhichhelater overthrowsandcreatesanAuthoritarianRepublic.

TheideasofequalityandrightstomenwhichwerestressedbyEnlightenmentphilosophersareall incorporatedintodocuments1,4and5.SocietybeforetheFrenchrevolutionwas

ManyhistorianscredittheFrenchRevolutionasbeingthebeginningofmodernpolitics.The revolutionsingle–handedlycrushedthemonarchicalwayofpolitics,thearistocraticdominationup tothatpointinFrance,andthedominanceofthechurchinFrenchpolitics.Therevolutionabolished thefeudalsystemandwasoneofthebiggeststepstowardsmodernitythroughouthistory.The FrenchRevolutionwasasuccessfulendeavouronthepartoftheFrenchpeoplebecauseitreformed socialtraditionandthehierarchyofFrencharistocracybymakingallmenequal,theEnlightenment idealswhichtherevolutionwasbasedoncamethroughtoagreatextent.

BeforetheFrenchRevolution,FrancewasafeudalkingdomLouisXVIruledtheland,andshow morecontent...

Inthisway,theFrenchRevolutionwasextremelysuccessful.

TheFrenchRevolutionwasbasedonanassortmentofEnlightenmentideals.Frenchphilosophers, includingVoltaireandRousseauledtherevolutionleadinguptotherevolution,sotospeak,coming upwithprogressiveidealsastogovernment,socialstructure,andthenatureofpeople.Indeed,the idealswhichtherevolutionwasfoughtinthenameofprogressedthroughoutFranceand,eventually, Europe.Thoughtherevolutiontookwrongturnsalongtheway,theidealswhichitwasbasedon neverwavered.EvenduringtheheartofhisReignofTerror,Robespierrespokeofastatewhere eachcitizenwantstodogoodbyhiscountryThisshowsRobespierrewithanunwavering commitmenttothestate,anidealwhichcameoutoftheEnlightenment.Thoughhemayhave carriedouthisbeliefsinagruesomeandperhapswrongway,hisidealswerethesameasthe Enlightenmentphilosophers:makethestatebetterforalltolivein

AfterRobespierreandtheDirectory,Napoleoncametopower.Thoughheiscriticizedforbeinga militaristicdictator,NapoleonwasabletospreadEnlightenmentideals,intheformofthe NapoleonicCode,throughoutEurope.ThisshowstheprogressionofideasthroughoutEurope,and alsothatFrancesucceededinusingtheidealsthattherevolutionwasbasedon.Inthisway,the FrenchRevolutionwasextremelysuccessful

TheFrenchRevolutiontosseddownthemonarchywhich

WastheFrenchRevolutionSuccessful?Essay

TheFrenchRevolutionEssay

In1789duringtheFrenchRevolutionFrancewasinatimeofchaosandeconomicturmoilwitha struggleforclassandpoweramongsttheinhabitants.Priortotherevolution,theupperclasses writhedtogainwealthandfinancialpower,howeverindoingsotheyoppressedthepeasants.The FrenchRevolutionisconsideredtobethemostmomentousmovementsasitdistortedtheprinciples ofFrenchsocietyThemajorityoftherevoltsinFrancefrom1660–1789wereconnectedtothe rebellionsagainstdomineeringtaxation.ThemajorityofFrancewantedanendtotheOldRegime andthesupremacyoftheKing,nobilityandclergy.TheideasoftheRevolutionwerewidespread andhadreachedareasasfarastheCaribbean,anditstillcontinuestosetaprecedentforcountries today.ThequestionsthathistoriansfaceiswhatthecrucialcausesoftheFrenchRevolutionwere, howeveritiswidelydisputed.AlthoughmanyhistorianshavearguedthatthecoronationofLouis XVIhadbeentheforemostcause,closerexaminationshowsthattheFrenchRevolutionisaresult ofthecombinationoftheAmericanRevolutionwhichledtothespreadoftheideasthatthecolonies foughtfor,highbreadpricesasthepeasantswerenotabletoaffordabarenecessityduetothesocial structureofFranceandtheEnlightenmentthatboastedideasoflibertyandfreedom.LaRévolution

Américaine:TheAmericanRevolution

FrancehadcompetedforpoweragainstGreatBritain,howeverthisendedupweakening