ECO-Park速 Car Park Ventilation Systems
DELIVERING
SUSTAINABLE CAR PARKS
Pioneering technologies that save energy and raw materials
MINIMISING IMPACT ON THE
ENVIRONMENT MAXIMISING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE Eco-Park® Systems are the result of over twenty years of innovation, research and development. Designed for both commercial and residential buildings, they have at their heart the patented HC PVE twin discharge induction fan, widely recognised as the most efficient of its type in the world. The advantages of Eco-Park® Systems extend well beyond normal boundaries. Our innovative technologies have an impact on the environment, raw materials, energy usage, excavation costs and many other factors.
OTHER ADVANTAGES OF ECO-PARK® Eco-Park® systems offer better air dilution and movement throughout the car park. Our unique twin discharge induction fans are designed to be positioned above driving lanes so there is no loss of performance or restriction of flow. Eco-Park® products are all tested and matched to complement each other. CFD design support when required is always by independent consultants.
ECO-PARK® ADVANTAGES AT A GLANCE Savings on number of fans used Savings on cabling Savings on containment Savings on system power consumption Savings on installation time
Our prices are always competitive, comprehensive, full and final. We are the only company that gives a detailed and guaranteed scope of supply. We are the only company to offer developers a Service Charter.
Savings on acoustic attenuation Savings on backup power supply Savings on size of control gear and panel Savings on excavation Saving on sounders Savings on yearly maintenance and service Saving on replacement parts
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HC PVE offer a selection of other car park, above ground and lobby venting products all designed to complement Eco-Park®.
CONTENTS Summary of Eco-Park速
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Introduction to HC PVE
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What Eco-Park速 is all about
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Technical support
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Impulse systems rendered obsolete
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Eco-Park速 system comparison
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Delivering innovation
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HC PVE system operation
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Background to induction fans
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CFD calculations
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System tests
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Patented innovation
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Service and maintenance
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Certificates
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Technical specifications
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INTRODUCTION TO
HC PVE INNOVATIVE, TAILORED SOLUTIONS THAT SIGNIFICANTLY OUT-PERFORM TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS HC Group is a young and dynamic group of companies. The Group was founded in 1995 and in 2003 acquired the activities and technical personnel of PSB Holland. The original founder of PSB Holland is recognised globally as the inventor of the carpark ventilation system based on the use of thrust (jet/induction). He remains in charge of product development and system design within the Group.
We have gained unique knowledge since our incorporation (over 2,000 parking garages in the Netherlands, Belgium, Portugal, England, Germany, Singapore, Indonesia, Qatar and Dubai). This experience allows us to offer tailored solutions to every parking garage. Our solutions are always competitive and innovative compared to all traditional venting systems.
The HC Group consists of:
HC Group and its subsidiaries only work with reliable and vetted suppliers that are known worldwide for having top quality products for all applications. All other parts of the ventilation system are manufactured and inspected by HC Group to the highest standards in order to guarantee the safety and reliability of the equipment. We offer our customers top quality products and first-rate product warranties.
> > > > > > > >
Holland Conditioning (Climate Control Systems) HC PS (Parking Systems) HC KP (Chilled Ceilings) HC TN (Air Control Systems) HC PVE (Parking Ventilation Equipment UK) HC Barcol-Air (Air Distribution and Controls) HC PS International (Parking Systems and Tunnel Vent) HC RT (Building Management Systems)
OVER 1200 INSTALLATIONS TO DATE THROUGHOUT EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST AND FAR EAST
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We were the first to create THRUST SYSTEMS
We then superseded these with INDUCTION SYSTEMS
We then took innovation even further with the development of our patented, second generation induction fan featuring a UNIQUE TWIN NOZZLE Today the HC PVE twin discharge fan has rendered all other car park ventilation systems obsolete. It is at the heart of HC PVE’s Eco-Park®.
WHAT ECO-PARK® IS ALL ABOUT Eco-Park® is not one single thing. Rather, it is the optimisation of all of the elements that make up a conventional car park ventilation scheme. Through a combination of the latest fan design, the most advanced components and the most innovative control systems, we can deliver more sustainable, cost-effective car parks than ever before. It wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say that over the past twenty years virtually every new car park ventilation product, technique and system advance has come from the HC Group. And now, with Eco-Park®, we have gone one step further, pushing back technical boundaries and enhancing best practice to provide ventilation systems that offer a unique combination of long-term sustainability and minimum front-end costs.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT To meet the high quality standard demanded by the industry, our skilled engineers advise customers from start to finish. > Starting at the pre-design stage when the shaft position will be established and sized. > The pre-design enables us to make an offer, often including an indicative sketch of the positions of the ventilation system. > We can also assist during meetings with fire departments and/or government authorities and guide you through any benzene and CFD calculations.
> During the formal design phase we take care of your technical submission and detail engineering with calculations and final AutoCAD layout drawings. After the customer and relevant authority have agreed the drawings and design concept, HC PVE will start manufacturing in accordance with an agreed delivery plan. The system will be assembled and wired at the customer’s site along with full testing and commissioning. We will also demonstrate the system using a cold smoke test if required. To guarantee continuity of your system, HC PVE offer a full service and maintenance package planned in accordance with the system warranty.
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A UNIQUE COMBINATION OF LONG-TERM
SUSTAINABILITY AND MINIMUM FRONT-END COSTS
DESIGNED TO NEED LESS OF EVERYTHING
Our Eco-Park® Systems have been designed to deliver optimum performance and efficiency whilst making significant savings in a whole range of ways. They use fewer fans, require less cabling, rely on smaller control systems, use significantly less energy and save on containment. At the same time they reduce installation costs, running costs, maintenance costs and wherever possible raw material costs. Moreover, because of our induction fan design, new-build excavation costs can be reduced drastically. Fans can also be fitted directly above driving lanes for better air quality and optimum volumetric performance. Structured approach Our highly structured, disciplined way of working ensures that the quality of our system design is never compromised. Our technical team is design-focused, innovative and responsive. Our design, engineering and modeling have led the way for many years and our collaborative approach to fire engineering now provides greater protection for people and property. Mechanical and electrical component integrity We exercise complete control over all of the elements that make up our Eco-Park® Systems and only source components that have been thoroughly tested, interface without problems and have a proven track record for reliability. Over the years we have forged strong trading partnerships with leading component suppliers specialising in corridor ventilation, staircase ventilation and other areas of above-ground smoke control. All of them have demonstrated to us time and again that their products are of the very highest integrity.
IMPULSE SYSTEMS RENDERED OBSOLETE For over twenty years our Group’s pioneering thinking has produced technical innovation after technical innovation, advancing every aspect of car park ventilation. It is these advances, culminating in the introduction of our patented twin discharge induction fan, that have led us to take the bold step of making the old axial-type Impulse technology obsolete within our organisation. ‘Impulse’ was simply a generic term for thrust systems. Whilst Impulse systems were themselves a breakthrough in their day, they did have numerous disadvantages, which our twin discharge fan addresses. IMPULSE DRAWBACKS > Impulse fans lack volumetric thrust > The physical size of axial fans makes mounting above car lanes difficult > A typical system requires more fans, cabling and containment > A typical system requires larger and more expensive controls > Impulse fans offer poor air distribution in comparison to induction > Impulse systems use more energy > With new build and multi-storey car parks, Impulse systems require deeper excavation We can still supply these fans as replacements but when making a formal proposal will always put forward the latest technology based on our Eco-Park® induction fans.
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ECO-PARK® USES FEWER FANS
LESS POWER LESS CABLING AND SMALLER CONTROL SYSTEMS
ECO-PARK® SYSTEM COMPARISON
Below we show a comparison between a typical Impulse system and an Eco-Park® Induction System. Each diagram shows air flow pattern and fume dilution coverage.
IMPULSE SYSTEM
ECO-PARK® INDUCTION SYSTEM
Car Park Area: 7817m2, Height 2.7m, Volume 21,105m2 Parking Spaces: 230, Disabled spaces: 32
Typical Impulse system with 400Ø impulse fans
Eco-Park® System with Twin Discharge Induction fans
System Saving
Fans
28 off
8 off
20 fans
Containment
750 m
450 m
300 m
Cable
3,700 m
900 m
2,800 m
Power
30.8 KW
10.4 KW
20.4 kw
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DRIVING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
DELIVERING INNOVATION FOR OVER TWENTY YEARS
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> PARKING IN THE UK TODAY – AND THE LEADING ROLE BEING TAKEN BY HC PVE > UNIQUE TWIN NOZZLE FAN THAT DELIVERS EXCEPTIONAL RESULTS
1st generation induction fan
2nd generation induction fan
In the UK there are over 27,000,000 personal vehicles and the number is still growing. Add over 7,000,000 delivery vans, taxis and trucks and you have the number of vehicles on the road every day.
In the past carparks would be vented through use of a ducted system. However, the disadvantages of the duct system include:
More and more shopping centres, office buildings, government buildings, hospitals and apartment buildings are being built incorporating underground parking facilities to reduce congestion and ensure safe, clean off-road parking for all users.
> > > > >
The requirement to compartmentalise Dead non-ventilated corners Lack of controlled smoke exhaust High energy consumption Loss of parking spaces because of large ducting
NEN 2443 states two types of parking facilities (open and enclosed). In the case of enclosed carparks, mechanical ventilation systems have to be installed unless they are provided with sufficient openings to facilitate a naturally vented system ( see requirements detailed within UK Approved Documents B and F ). The type of ventilation system depends on the individual car park but designs should always be complient with BS 7346-7.
Through use of thrust ventilators in carparks, the system over the last fifteen years has evolved further. The original thrust fans were similar to conventional tunnel fans and when the correct design philosophy was applied many of the disadvantages of ducted systems were no longer an issue. HC Group have steadily developed and enhanced the thrust principal and recently introduced the unique twin nozzle induction fan, which has now become the market leader due to its enhanced performance and efficiency.
Duct work
Old thrust fan
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USING ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES TO
PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTIES
Thrust ventilation allows the construction of enclosed carparks with an open and safe environment without compartments or dividing walls. The exhaust air is extracted using the main shaft fans. The airflow is determined by the current regulations for carpark ventilation systems (BS 7346-7 and approved documents B and F). HC PVE recommends that the exhaust air be extracted vertically with a maximum velocity of 10 m/s – 5 metres above street level. Should the carpark be a combined facility, the airflow should, if possible, be emitted from the roof. In the case of fire, visibility of at least 30 metres should be guaranteed 45 minutes after the fire has started and this is often examined and proved by use of CFD at the design
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stage. If possible, the supply air should be arranged via a constructed/builders work opening or via the entrance ramp. Should this not be practicable, supply air will need to be introduced via shaft fans. The supply and exhaust airflow openings will be provided with grids. In the event of a fire, it may be necessary to close some of the supply and exhaust openings to let maximum airflow pass over the seat of the fire. The induction thrust fans assist the air moving through the parking garage ensuring the correct flow direction and that blind/dead spots are eliminated. Thrust ventilators use the natural phenomenon, which accelerates a mass as a result of propulsion. This is the force we measure in terms of Newtons.
HC PVE SYSTEM OPERATION
It is important to realise that ultimately the total amount of air that will be moved will be a multiple of the air going through the fan. This is what we term the induced power and it varies dramatically with the type of fan. Induction fans, depending on design, induce up to 19 times the volume of air passing through the fan. With the older impulse fans this multiple is only 8 times. The location of the thrust fans in the car park is extremly important for the overal efficiency of the system. With many older systems efficiency was influenced by the coanda or skin friction effect, the entry and exit conditions of the fan and the need to position fans above parked vehicles due to their physical size. In practice fans were often fixed against the soffit near to down stand beams or at worst at the junction of the wall and soffit. Therefore there was, despite discharge guide vanes, always a coanda effect at varying levels meaning the theoretical thrust was rarely if ever available in the installed mode. Also an operational car park would have many vehicles parked that would inevitably hinder the flow pattern. As a result performance between test and actual could be drastically different. Continued page 12
Construction/building opening
Typical roof top extract
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HC PVE SYSTEM OPERATION
The discharge pattern of the modern induction fan virtually removes any concern about loss of performance due to coanda effect. The fans are ultra slim in design, which means that they can be fixed directly above the car lane where their volumetric efficiency will have maximum effect. This is one of the big advantages of the induction fan over the impulse fan.
Should the environment change, either by way of a change in the air quality or by the detection of smoke, the detection system will record the change and the PLC will react accordingly. Depending on the location and status of any change in air condition, the computer will activate the ventilation system in accordance with the programmed functionality diagram.
The CO/LPG levels and all smoke monitoring within the carpark will be checked on a continual basis by a PLC or a switchboard. This is the heart of the parking ventilation system. The thrust fans can be individually monitored and will in normal operation fully dilute the air in each area of the carpark.
Possible operation conditions
In the case of fire, the thrust fans will create a virtual smoke corridor, enabling the removal of large volumes of smoke and heat. The is entirely in accordance with current UK and European legislation. Ventilation using thrust fans is demand driven, air flow through a carpark continually fluctuates in line with the local environmental conditions, therefore there will be less aerodynamic loss and lower energy demand.
Main Control Panel
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(1) Continuous low rate ventilation (2) Low CO/LPG alarm - fans will temporarily be activated at given intensity (3) High CO/LPG alarm - the air speed and the airflow activity will be increased until the levels reduce (4) Fire/smoke ventilation - depending on the location of the fire, smoke pollution will be inducted and removed to the exhaust shaft
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A TOTALLY NEW AND
UNIQUE GENERATION OF FANS
BACKGROUND TO ECO PARKÂŽ INDUCTION FANS In 2003 HCPS developed, patented (Patent 1018285 ) and introduced the modern day induction fan. This totally new and unique generation of fans has been developed to provide many technical advantages and financial benefits. The HC Group second generation Induction fan is singularly unique in design. Our R & D developed and patented our fan discharge incorporating a twin outlet. The design of this fan ensures a consistent flow away from potential Coanda or skin friction effect. This patented design has been independently tested and ensures a better volumetric performance and higher efficiency than any other existing induction fan. Making use of the patented outlet venturi, higher and more efficient performance and ultra flat design ensure our systems offer the Builder and Developer the following essential advantages and sustainable benefits.
> Fans mounted above the drive lanes therefore flow is unhindered ensuring maximum volumetric performance at all times. > Induction systems require smaller back up power supply. > Huge reduction in cost and time for maintenance The benefits and advantage of car park ventilation systems using the new induction principal can readily be compared to similar operations using older impulse fans such that these older products have now been made obsolete. Likewise the volumetric performance of induction fans can be determined and compared by the following: (A) Thrust in terms of Newton’s (B) Position efficiency (C) Induction power (D) Outlet operating without deflection blades
> Extremely low build in height (max 250mm to 325mm) saving up to 200 mm per floor of excavation over older impulse fans. > The impulse effect is increased by up to 300% when using the induction principal . > Number of fans required on a typical installation reduced by up to 65% (see flow pattern CFD opposite) Therefore it is not possible to replace like for like with older axial based thrust fans. > On average energy consumption is reduced by 50% > Huge reduction and financial saving in cable and containment, therefore cost of installation is also reduced. > Influence of down stand beams can be neglected for correct system operation.
Note to A The new induction fan can be supplied in both 50 and 100 Newton versions and shortly there will be a 40 Newton variant. Note to B The ultra slim silhouette of the fan allows each unit to be mounted above the driving lanes. Obstacles such as columns and parked cars that can block the airflow have a minimal effect allowing maximum induction of air into the flow pattern. This is not possible with fans installed close to the wall or above parked vehicles.
Note to C Measurements produced by independent consultants show that the induction fan can induce up to 19 times the air actually passing through the fan. This is substantially more than with any impulse or jet fan based on older axial technology. Note to D The internal fully patented venturi ensures that the discharge of the HC induction fan does not need deflection blades that often hinder airflow. Furthermore, this ensures there is a consistent velocity over any alarm sensor, preventing false alarms or activations. The combination of the above makes it possible to drastically reduce the number of thrust fans, inevitably leading to the many advantages outlined.
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Outlet pattern: Induction fan vs Impulse/Jet fan
On average energy consumption is reduced by 50%
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TESTING OUR SYSTEMS VIA
SIMULATION AT AN EARLY STAGE
CFD CALCULATIONS Together with the customer and/or fire services, a CFD calculation can be made in advance. Using a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation) it is possible to gain an understanding of the airflow and visually check both CO and smoke/heat control. To carry out this simulation, a 3-D model of the carpark will be set up. With the help of mathematical formulae the technical installation and control strategy will be processed within the model. The entrance of the carpark will be designed as real openings or closed areas. After the model has been equipped with matching physical parameters, the simulation will start. Using the limited volume method, the flow and energy balance per period of time will be solved.
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The simulation results can be analysed per period for different quantities. The results will be presented in a detailed report in accordance with the analysis/description and concept direction of the particular site. Such simulations should always be carried out by independent consultants and can be used to support the design process and its relationship to actual design by making it possible to test the system via simulation at an early stage. Presenting the results of CFD simulation often reassures and improves communication between parties and enables them to alter the scheme or the design of the building to fine tune the ultimate system.
CFD-calculations after 20 minutes
CFD-calculations after 23 minutes
CFD-calculations after 25 minutes
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SYSTEM TESTS AFTER INSTALLATION
REAL FIRE COLD SMOKE AND HOT SMOKE TRIALS It is possible to test the thrust ventilation system after installation in different ways.
COLD SMOKE
SMALL FIRE TRAY
REAL VEHICLE FIRE
The simplest test uses cold smoke. A smoke machine will be set up at the most critical locations and will pollute the area with smoke for a pre-set time. The ventilation system will be activated and evaluated to ensure it removes smoke within a set time. Using cold smoke will also identify any blind spots within the system.
This test cannot evaluate thermodynamic influences but these can be partly reproduced when cold smoke is combined with a small fire tray test.
The most reliable test would obviously be when using real cars. However, this test is rather expensive, dangerous and can possible harm the building. The thermodynamic influences are nonetheless fully present.
HOT SMOKE Finally there is the hot smoke test. HC PS has carried out this test successfully for the first time in a carpark in the Netherlands. The thermodynamic influences are fully visible but the test will not harm the building as a clean alcohol fire is used.
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The results of a cold smoke test even using a small pan fire to aid the simulation can differ dramatically when compared to a real vehicle fire.
HC PVE COMMITMENT TO
ON-GOING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Innovation is not a fashion word for HC Group. The unique induction fan (patent 101 8285) proved it. This fan is currently manufactured and delivered in two versions (50 and 100 Newtons) to suit various carpark sizes. As part of HC Group’s commitment to on-going research and development, a second generation fan was designed with a unique twin nozzle creating even higher thrust development and an even slimmer design silhouette. Designs have already been completed and plans put in hand for a third generation of induction fan - to be introduced shortly. Our induction fans are also available wall mounted (duck neck) and as 300 and 600 Newton variants for tunnel ventilation.
In order to precisely adjust the volumetric performance of induction fans and control the air velocity, HC PS has designed a special frequency controller. This is temperature rated and HC PS is market leader in respect of its range of products. This innovation also extends to advice, engineering, testing and service. In 2005 the HC Group pioneered a revolutionary type of smoke test, incorporating the use of hot smoke to better simulate a fire condition within our installations. The smoke was heated to the equivalent of 2.5MW fire intensity. This new type of heat allowed our engineers to better prove our system design capabilities, equipment performance and improve the safety for attending fire services.
fan 2nd generation induction Fire test
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ENSURING CORRECT FUNCTIONALITY THROUGH
SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
When a project has been finalised and delivered to a customer by HC PVE (and after approval by the local fire department and local authorities) this is not the last contact between HC PVE and the end user. Since the installation schemes of HC PVE are safety installations, it is vital that they are regularly maintained. Therefore HC PVE offers Service and Maintenance contracts to ensure correct functionality of the installation. Also, we can prevent malfunctions with preventative maintenance. With a maintenance contract our customers can be assured of an effective and safe installation and detection system.
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In case of a malfunction, at first we will provide assistance by phone to determine the exact cause of the problem and if possible to solve it. If it is not possible to solve the problem by phone, our own service engineers will put it right on site. For detailed information, please contact our Service and Maintenance department on 01422 886699.
CERTIFICATES
HC Group was the first company to obtain certification of the new generation induction fans (IDF-HC-50 v2 and IDFHC-100 v2) in accordance with the EC initial type of testing and the EC factory production control. This certification is provided by Lloyd’s Register (notified body number 0038).
This means that the fans continue to function for a period of not less than one hour at a surrounding temperature of 300°C. This level of certification goes a step further than the separate CE and EN12101-3 certificates, which HC PS obtained on the first generation induction fans.
With this certification HC Group has shown that the quality of the production process, the quality of the end product and associated specifications are guaranteed. Also, it can be proved that the fans comply with the standard EN12101-3: 2002 Class F, test method CD3.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Dual purpose IDV-HC-50 v2 (Version 1.3, 17/11/08)
Make:
HC PS
Technical specifications (by 20째C)
Thrust: Volume flow rate: Flow speed: Sound production: Absorbed current:
Nominal
Measured high
Measured low
50 1.9 22.0 69 2.5
47.6 1.86 21.4 69 2.5
12.2 Newton 0.94 m3/s 10.8 m/s 51 dB(A) @ 3m/45째 1.1 Ampere
Fan volumetric performance Induction at 5m distance: Induction at 15m distance: Induction at 25m distance: Induction at 35m distance
5 times air movement 16 times air movement 18 times air movement 19 times air movement
9.4 m3/s 31.0 m3/s 34.0 m3/s 35.0 m3/s (126,000 m3/h)
Air speed @ 20m 1.6m/s Air speed @ 35m 1.0m/s Air speed @ 50m 0.8m/s Air speed @ 65m 0.6m/s
Motor specifications (by 40째C) Type: Power: Rated current: Speed: Protection class: Rated voltage:
standard motor 1.3/0.22 kW 3.0/1.15 A 1420/720 r/min IP 55/F300 400 volt (50 Hz)
Material specification Casing: Motor support: Impeller: Inlet cone: Protection grill:
zinc plate with KLT plus powder coating steel (RSt37-2), powder coated steel plate (RSt37-2), hot dip galvanised galvanised galvanised, powder coated
General specifications Fan colour: Fan weight: Temperature:
RAL 7032 (pebble grey). All other RAL colours are also available (at additional cost) Approximately 82 kg 300째C-60 min (class F300) in accordance with EN 12101-3
Options Special high temperature working switch isolator that conforms to EN 12101-3 and NEN 10101 including padlock
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Dual purpose IDV-HC-100 v2 (Version 1.3, 17/11/08)
Make:
HC PS
Technical specifications (by 20째C)
Thrust: Volume flow rate: Flow speed: Sound production: Absorbed current:
Nominal
Measured high
Measured low
100 3.1 28.0 75 5.3
95 2.97 26.55 75 5.5
23.4 Newton 1.48 m3/s 13.2m/s 53 dB(A) @ 3 m/45째 2.0 Ampere
Fan volumetric performance Induction at 15m distance: Induction at 25m distance: Induction at 35m distance: Induction at 75m distance:
7 times air movement 10 times air movement 17 times air movement 19 times air movement
21.0 m3/s 31.0 m3/s 53.0 m3/s 59.0 m3/s (210,000 m3/H)
Air speed @ 20m Air speed @ 35m Air speed @ 75m Air speed @ 100m
2.3m/s 1.6m/s 0.8m/s 0.6m/s
Motor specifications (by 40째C) Type: Power: Rated current: Speed: Protection class: Rated voltage:
standard motor 2.2/0.37 kW 5.0/2.0A 1425/720 r/min IP 55/F300 400 volt (50 Hz)
Material specification Casing: Motor support: Impeller: Inlet cone: Protection grill:
zinc plate with KLT plus powder coating steel (RSt37-2), powder coated steel plate (RSt37-2), hot tip galvanised galvanised galvanised, powder coated
General specifications Fan colour: Fan weight: Temperature:
RAL 7032 (pebble grey). All other RAL colours are available (at additional costs) Approximately 120kg 300째C-60 min (class F300) in accordance with EN 12101-3
Options Special high temperature working switch isolator that conforms to EN 12101-3 and NEN 10101 including padlock
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HC Group Tielenstraat 19 5145 RX Waalwijk The Netherlands T: +31 (0) 416 650 075
HC PS International P.O. Box 62447 Dubai T: +971 (0) 4 267 9885
HC PVE Ltd The Old School, High Street, Luddenden Halifax, Yorkshire HX2 6QE T: +44 (0)1422 88 66 99 F: +44 (0)1422 88 66 30 E: info@pveuk.com www.pveuk.com