ARCH9063: Urban Form and Design, Master of Urbanism

structure of the

evolving city blackwattle bay to broadway group - srishti sharma // 480517784 - himanshi taneja // 480473929 - pankhuri srivastava // 470519264 - tanvi varshney // 480310509 17.09.2019

1788: Blackwattle Bay located on the southern shore of Sydney Harbour, west of Darling harbour was named in 1788

1836 & before historic mapping

1789: 400 acres of land was granted to Anglican Church, named as glebe.

1803: Surgeon John Harris granted 135 acres between Pyrmont and Glebe, which was named as the Ultimo Estate. Ultimo house was built on the ridge to take advantage of the water views.

1820’S: Lots around the blackwattle bay were first bought for slaughterhouses and a distiller (Fine grain to larger industrial plots)

Figure 2 | walk towards the swamp

Figure 3 | glebe point road with toll road

1828:

Figure 1 | 1836 Map

Glebe Point road, earlier named Glebe point was created to access the shore edge.

Figure 4 | slaughter house in 1825

18 36

existing harbour line

the glebe road

the parramatta road

subdivision - large estates across glebe and ultimo blackwattle bay and creek cutting across site three primary roads - the glebe road, parramatta road and harris street

subdivision - large estates across glebe and ultimo blackwattle bay and creek cutting across site three primary roads - the glebe road, parramatta road and harris street

subdivision - large estates across glebe and ultimo blackwattle bay and creek cutting across site three primary roads - the glebe road, parramatta road and harris street

18 36

1837: City Iron Works opened on the northern edge of Blackwattle bay.

1836 - 1854 historic mapping

18 54

1838: Reserve was created in Ultimo estate, on the edge of peninsula, catered by the first street named as Harris street 1840: Subdivision of Pyrmont with access only from the Darling harbour side 1840’s: Financial difficulties forced the church to sell some of its land and the plots were subdivided to incorporate the initial two strata housing.

Figure 6 | glebe island

Figure 7 | blackwattle swamp 1848

1843: Subdivision of Glebe into 27 allotments and auctioned it.

Figure 5 | 1854 Map

Figure 8 | ultimo house

18 54 bay street fine subdivision in smaller blocks

glebe divided into smaller blocks with fine subdivision pattern harbour line maintained, no further development ‘bay street’ introduced as another primary road, secondary & tertiary roads introduced

roads follow topography secondary and tertiary streets

glebe divided into smaller blocks with fine subdivision pattern harbour line maintained, no further development ‘bay street’ introduced as another primary road, road network follows topography

glebe divided into smaller blocks with fine subdivision pattern harbour line maintained, no further development ‘bay street’ introduced as another primary road, secondary & tertiary roads introduced

1858: First educational premises to be opened in Glebe - The Glebe Public school

1854 - 1887 historic mapping

1860’s: The bay declined into a foul swamp until 1870’s & a Reclamation act of 1873 was passed.

1878: First industry the Colonial Sugar Refining Company opened on the edge of Pyrmont & Glebe Rowing club established 1885: Infilling the Blackwattle bay Swamp to construct Wentworth Park

Figure 9 | 1887 Map

1887: Norther portion of the B.bay was occupied by City iron works and the part between Pyrmont to the Bridge road was majorly vacant till the.

Figure 10 | CSR on the boundary of B.bay

Figure 11 | pyrmont decline in 1871

Figure 12 | wentworth park

18 87

harbour line in 1854 large plots for industrial use wentworth park

ultimo subdivided into comparatively large blocks for industrial use major change in harbour line, embankment created land reclaimed - wentworth park created from blackwattle swamp

ultimo subdivided into comparatively large blocks for industrial use major change in harbour line, embankment created land reclaimed - wentworth park created from blackwattle swamp

embankment created

ultimo subdivided into comparatively large blocks for industrial use major change in harbour line, embankment created land reclaimed - wentworth park created from blackwattle swamp

18 87

1890: First wharf (around fish market now) was built, promoting timber companies out around the bay.

1896: Glebe Island bridge was made with swing spans, operated from the Ultimo powerhouse.

1887 - 1910 historic mapping

Figure 14 | goods line came in picture

1900’s: Oil companies started to occupy the edge of the shore & Electric trams were introduced to Cook street, Glebe.

1902: Metropolitan Railway good line open, providing access to timber industry in Glebe from Darling harbour.

Figure 13 | 1910 Map

1909: Oval ground inside Wentworth Park was formed which led to the community events

Figure 15 | glebe island bridge

Figure 16 | industrial era - blackwattle bay edge

19 10

glebe island bridge connecting glebe island and pyrmont

land reclaimed around harbour

oval in wentworth park

further subdivision in glebe and ultimo oval introduced in wentworth park, ultimo and glebe further subdivided industries reclaimed land along harbour edge and built the first wharfs (present day - sydney fish market) glebe island bridge built, metropolitan goods line going to glebe from pyrmont, passing through wentworth park

19 10

goods line passing through wentworth park

oval introduced in wentworth park, ultimo and glebe further subdivided industries reclaimed land along harbour edge and built the first wharfs (present day - sydney fish market)

oval introduced in wentworth park, ultimo and glebe further subdivided

glebe island bridge built, metropolitan goods line going to glebe from pyrmont, passing through wentworth park

glebe island bridge built, metropolitan goods line going to glebe from pyrmont, passing through wentworth park

industries reclaimed land along harbour edge and built the first wharfs (present day - sydney fish market)

1914: Slums around Wentworth was converted to Wool stores due to proximity of Good line and water edge.

1910 - 1947 historic mapping

1924: Tafe technical college was built in the Ultimo 1950’s: Wentworth Park was used as encampment for American soldiers

Figure 18 | encampment in wentworth

1934: Kinder garden was introduced in the Wentworth Park 1940’s: Industrialisation era changed the harbour edge to heavy industrial zone, with major iron and timber factories.

Figure 17 | 1947 Map

Figure 19 | tafe building

Figure 20 | wool store - wattle street

19 47

industries impact on plots along harbour

industrial harbour edge

wool factories temporary encampment in wentworth park

tafe broadway

ultimo dominated by industrues, blocks further subdivided harbour acting as an industrial edge, presence of wool factories, first education building, encampment in wentworth park street network maintained

ultimo dominated by industries, blocks further subdivided harbour acting as an industrial edge, presence of wool factories, first education building, encampment in wentworth park street network maintained

ultimo dominated by industries, blocks further subdivided harbour acting as an industrial edge, presence of wool factories, first education builing, encampment in wentworth park street network maintained

19 47

1953-1958: Trams cease in Glebe and are replaced by buses.

1947 - 2000 historic mapping

1966: Sydney Fish market moved to Blackwattle bay shore, placing at the location of the first wharf.

1983: Industrial land converted to Black wattle Bay park for public access and recreation

Figure 22 | anzac bridge & glebe

1992: Industrial decline -CSR closes 1995: Glebe island bridge is made redundant and ANZAC bridge opened. Redevelopment of Wool factories (earlier slums) to residential

Figure 21 | 2000 Map

1998: Broadway Shopping Centre (former Grace Bros Dept Store) is opened

Figure 23 | blackwattle bay park

Figure 24 | broadway

20 00

pyrmont subdivision changes

glebe island bridge made redundant

sydney fish market docks accessible by public

anzac bridge constructed

blackwattle bay park

adaptive reuse and education area broadway constructed

subdivision changed to incorporate anzac bridge connection harbour edge reclaimed for public use, ultimo buildings used as adaptive reuse, broadway constructed anzac bridge constructed, glebe island bridge split

pyrmont subdivision changed to incorporate anzac bridge connection harbour edge reclaimed for public use, ultimo buildings used as adaptive reuse, broadway constructed

pyrmont subdivision changed to incorporate anzac bridge connection

anzac bridge constructed, glebe island bridge split

anzac bridge constructed, glebe island bridge split

harbour edge reclaimed for public use, ultimo buildings used as adaptive reuse, broadway constructed

20 00

structure map & development until 2014 pyrmont light rail line blackwattle bay shore line

connection from anzac bridge

link between glebe and pyrmont wentworth park

ultimo

2009: Redevelopment of Glebe Point foreshore walk.

2010: Blackwattle Redevelopment Proposal passed 2014: Inner west Light rail- over goods line 2015: Transformation plan- Bays precinct

glebe

broadway major node connecting parramatta road and bay street

uts campus

20 14

block division pattern

01

typical block pattern current use type - 1 Small manufacturing, wool stores and large flour mills took advantage of rail and water access along the wattle street and hence retained plot sizes today, are large in nature

type - 2 Close proximity to the city, parramatta road and the central railway station made glebe the first intensive residential development. The concept of row houses led to linear formation of blocks

type - 3 The reclaimed land along glebe foreshore was not suitable for residential development and hence grew organically

mixed - use commercial educational open spaces

Glebe has retained its historical land use, i.e. residential.

Ultimo and Pyrmont have experienced a change. Pyrmont is now high rise residential (large plots) and Ultimo, along with mid scale residential, has seen a significant rise in education buildings, with UTS as a major campus.

G - G+1 G+2 - G+5 G+6 - G+12

The left side of the site is low lying and gradually rises to the right. Glebe on the left, having retained its historical use of Victorian terrace houses, is a low lying area.

Pyrmont and Ultimo (on the right) have taller buildings as they have relatively new apartments built on larger blocks.

building heights

residential

03

land use - broader view

02

highway primary rd. secondary rd. tertiary rd. anzac bridge light rail

Wentworth Park was a swamp, and was reclaimed in 1875. Hence, the site slopes down towards its centre from all the sides (light to dark descends).

The street network in Glebe has been laid down with respect to the topography and hence has a gradual slope.

Towards Ultimo, the streets are steep (wattle street) as they adopted the grid in the eastern side of Ultimo.

street hierarchy

05

topography

04

conservation area adaptive reuse buildings

Glebe being the earliest suburb falls largely under heritage conservation area.

In Ultimo, heritage buildings along wattle street have been re-adapted to residences while maintaining their industrial character

green areas surface parking

Wentworth Park is a central green space on the site, which is used a public open green and for Ultimo Public School. It was a swamp and was reclaimed in 1875.

Blackwattle Park and Jublee Park were developed in 1990s. The harbour edge was given back to the public from private industrial use,

open areas & green

heritage

07

heritage & adaptive reuse

06

destinations services

blackwattle bay park

major destinations & services

08

major destinations current use

1| st. benedicts church

2| uts building

3| tafe building

4| unilodge

5| broadway

8| wentworth park

8| oval - wentworth

9| sydney fish market

10| anzac bridge

sydney secondary college

glebe police station

glebe fire station

all fire services

australian post glebe

glebe public school victoria park

Coles Express

summary block pattern

1836

1854

1887

1910

1990

present

summary street network

1836

1854

1887

1910

1990

present

summary shore line development

1836

1854

1887

1910

1947

1990 present

references