CULTURE IMPACT ON BUILDING DESIGN -BARCELONA CITY

University of Bahrain College of engineering Department of Architecture & Interior design INTD326 | DESIGN ,CULTURE & ENEVIRONMENT

Culture Impact On building design Assignment 2

BARCELONA CITY STUDENTS : JAWAHER BASIM -20180825 HESSA KHALID ALMEEALI-20180874 SABEEKA KHALED -20180256 SOHIR AHMED-20166948 SECTION : 03 INSTRUCTOR : DR.HANA ALJOWDER

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CONTENT

GENERAL INFORMATION

LANGUAGE

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RELIGION

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LIFESTYLE

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FOOD

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ART

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MUSIC & DANCE

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COLORS

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SPORT

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ARCHITECTURE & LANDMARK

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ISLAM INFLUENCE IN SPAIN

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GENERAL INFORMATION Barcelona is Spain's second largest city, in population, with around 3,200,000 people.

located on the northeast coast of the peninsula along the Mediterranean Sea.

Barcelona Has to main Languages based on the location of Catalonian region, Spanish and Catalan is also recognized as the co-official language.

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LANGUAGE The region Barcelona is the capital of the Catalonian region Spain, in the Catalonian region , Catalan is also

Because the region of Catalonia has two official languages, you will notice Catalan alongside Spanish on road signs, in shop advertisements and in the media

In Barcelona, Spanish and books, television channels, side by side, so that people they prefer.

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OF BARCELONA where Spanish is the official language in recognized as the co-official language.

Spanish Catalan

Where does it belong ?

Catalan belongs to the Romance languages . when Its origins go back to the 8th and 9th Century in the counties of the Spanish march . and starts to spread down north In the 12th and 13th Century.

Catalan newspapers, art and culture also exist can choose the language

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LANGUAGE

Story of Catalan Language 1 In the 20th century Barcelona grew stronger

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Catalonia recovered much of its previous freedom but lost it again in the Civil War.

2 In 1931 the second Spanish republic has establish and Alfonso XIII has abdicate

Civil War Revolution against the Republican government of Spain, supported by conservative elements within the country

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When the war ended, Catalan identity was brutally suppressed Every book in in Catalan was burned even the towns where renamed in Spanish

OF BARCELONA How everything turn to Catalan again ?

From the suppression to the official language lasted until Franco’s death in 1975 where he was known for his dictatorship and wanted to increase the dominance of the Spanish language (Castilian) over the other languages

You can see Street names the media publishes and broadcasts all in Catalan, are signposted in Catalan, The peak of this rebirth was the staging of the 1992 Olympics

Roads, promenades, beaches, marinas, and neighbourhoods were created.

During the Summer Games, Catalonia announced its national identity to the world. In 2004, the city hosted the first Universal Forum of Cultures.

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Religion:

The most widely practiced religion in Barcelona is Catholic Christianity.

Islam is the second largest religion

Catholicism:

In 2014, 322,698 people in the province of Barcelona identified as Muslims

survey of religious:

2011: 49.5% of Barcelona's residents identified themselves as Catholic.

2019 : 53.2% of residents in Barcelona identified themselves as Catholic .

9.9% practicing Catholics

The city also has the largest Jewish community in Spain.

43.3% non practicing Catholics

Barcelona, a city of religious diversity • Several centers of worship.

• variety of worship, convictions and religions.

• The Catalan capital has become a meeting point where different faiths converge.

• 569 places of worship.

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There are an estimated 3,500 Jewish residents in Barcelona.

Gothic Barcelona : The Gothic district is a historical component of the expansionist era of Barcelona • Barcelona saw growth in the form of merchants, craftsmen, sailors, and professionals

La Nit de les Religions in Barcelona: Four years ago, a group of young people created the UNESCO Association for Interreligious .

Call it “The Long Night of Religions” in Berlin •

This is event has been very well received and has grown since it was first created in 2016, according to Sergi Arévalo

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everyone can visit different places of worship and meet the people who pray there.

importance of this initiative in the promotion of : 1-interreligious dialogue between people of different convictions and philosophies.

2- It helps cooperation between different religious.

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Life

Lifestyle in relation to Barcelona environmental factors People enjoy the outdoors and spending time with family and friends

Barcelona has a relaxed and laidback lifestyle The countless plazas scattered throughout the city are the meeting points for locals and tourists.

locals take pleasure in spending time at the beach, socializing at a local café

suns

Numerous festivals are held throughout the year in Barcelona.

year-round winter months They have heaters, and some have blankets for customers to use.

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places are all surrounded by restaurants and cafés that people enjoy outdoor seating

style • Shopping, dining, and nightlife hours are very different than in most other countries.

(Barcelona can be considered a city that never sleeps)

Shops don’t open until 10 a.m.

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Close for a few hours in the afternoon during lunch and siesta time

hine and beaches Gets hot in the summer, and thousands of people flock to the 10 beaches in the city.

Since hosting the 1992 Olympics The population and tourism have exploded in this area of Spain.

Mar Bella

Bogatell

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Barcelona p

Daily r

8 -10:30 am Cafes and bars offer a combined deal of coffee and pastry at a great price or having

2 p.m.

Lunch is generally the most substantial meal of the day also take a siesta during the afternoon

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people

routine

9 - 11 p.m.

Dinner time and After dinner people typically go for a walk to a nearby Plaça and sit at a bar or café for a drink and socializing.

12 p.m-6 a.m.

Nightlife : See a Magic Fountain (free show) And get Experience with the magical evening at Casa Battló

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FOOD IN

Everyone knows that Barcelona is a dream destination for foodies, but not everyone realizes just how varied the cuisine is.

Paella

What is it ?

Paella is one of the best-known dishes in Barcelona , it’s a large portion of rice applied in large round pan .

Paella in relation to Barcelonian environment In some regions of Spain paella is made out of rice and beans , but due to the availability of sea , the Barcelonian paella is made out of delicious seafood and rice.

Paella in relation to Barcelonian culture The Islamic conquest on Spanish lands in 711 , had an huge impact on paella had rice as main ingredient but what makes it special is the saffron added to it.

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BARCELONA La Bombas

What is it ?

It’s basically a tennis ball-sized potato croquette served with two different sauces : - White garlic sauce -Rich and spicy red sauce

La Bomba in relation to Barcelonian history and culture During the dark days of the Spanish Civil War, hurling handmade grenades was used during this war which inspired people in Barcelona to create this Potato ball shaped as a bomb .

What does the two different sauces represent ?

White garlic sauce : represents the string fuse that the anarchists would light before launching their grenades.

Rich and spicy red sauce : represents the bombs’ explosive qualities.

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The ideal recipe

For Paella

1 Add prawns and squid to the pan that already has oil with sauce and stock

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2 Add onion , garlic , green pepper and tomato with a little olive oil

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Add the saffron, squid and rice, and give everything a stir.

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Cook for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally. In the last 5 minutes, add the clams ,and rosemary.

Add salt to taste, and place the lemon quarters around the dish.

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Paella in Barcelona Society Paella Competition in Barcelona

Paella can help create a party or a social occasion often over the creation of the paella itself!

Which is one of the most sociable, communal and enjoyable of all culinary activities.

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Arts Antoni Gaudí

Barcelona’s has 12 Most famous artists and architect Groundbreaking Independent (modernism) He loved to mix nature, Art Galleries become exciting meeting points for art enthusiasts and collectors alike.

religion, modernity and often included rich symbolism in his works

source of inspiration to artists for centuries.

best known for the Sagrada Família and Casa Batlló

The city is filled with beautiful architecture, sculptures, paintings, even street art

created a technique called Trencadís, which is the colorful mosaic pattern of broken tiles and ceramics found on the long bench in Parc Güell.

Art in relation to Barcelonian culture Barcelona has a long-standing bond with the arts and visual culture that has transformed the city into one of the main cultural hubs in Europe.

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Pablo Picasso Most important artistic figure of the 20th century

develop his technique at the Escuela de Bellas Artes when he was accepted at the tender age of 13.

Picasso Museum in Barcelona, where you can discover his first works.

One of his most famous paintings – Demoiselles d’Avignon – inspired by the prostitutes who worked on Carrer d’Avinyó in the Gothic Quarter.

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Music:

Barcelona's most beloved native musicians are mostly singer-songwriters.

the two most prominent

The music is unclaimed 19th century popular tunes that may drive non-Catalans crazy; the purpose is patriotic, cultural affirmation.

Joan Manuel Serrat

Luis Llach

Barcelona is a vibrant city full of art and culture.

It features a thriving music scene featuring a whole host of local musicians, performing on the bustling city crowd. In many bars and clubs on any of its main streets, • Flamenco • Tango

• playing solo with the guitar • Jazz groups with Clarinet

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Catalan dancing Barcelona: Sardana Dancing This Barcelona Catalan dance is a symbol of Catalan unity and pride.

steps People join their hands together and dance in circles with small precise steps.

The circle goes slowly round, and round whilst more people join to make the circle bigger. This is the Sardana: the traditional national dance of Catalunya.

Catalan unity: the true nature of the Catalans remained, and this is captured perfectly through the Catalan dancing of the Sardana; people dancing, united together, from all different walks of life and ages, casting their differences aside and proudly saying, with their hands and heads raised high that they are Catalans and proud to be.

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Colours i Red:

Orange:

Passion, Love, Anger.

Energy, Happiness, Vitality.

Green:

Blue:

New Beginnings, Abundance, Nature.

Calm, Responsible, Sadness.

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in Barcelona:

Yellow: Happiness, Hope, Deceit.

Purple: Creativity, Royalty, Wealth

Barcelona landscapes: GREEN LANDSCAPES: the color of nature, sustainability and life. It transmits hope BLUE LANDSCAPES: the color of trust, safety and stability. It transmits calm RED LANDSCAPES: the color of passion and adventure. It transmits energy

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Holi Festival The Holi Festival takes place on the day of the full moon of the Phalguna month and is one of the most famous events.

It’s festival representing colors, emotions and happiness.

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Holi celebrates the good over evil and symbolizes the transition from a hard, dark winter to a brighter, more pleasant springtime and harvest to come.

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in Barcelona : Equality • • • • •

all social barriers are completely broken down and ignored. everyone becomes equal.

The powder and colored water make everyone almost unidentifiable, as they remove every distinction, emphasizing the oneness of humanity.

The rich and poor cannot be distinguished, as everyone’s clothes look the same. . These past feelings are replaced with complete forgiveness and compromise and everyone is engulfed in merriment, joy and happiness.

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• Since the beginning of the 20th century Catalonia has been very actively involved in sports, ranging from football to motorsports, and the sports world.

• always been defined as a sports country. The 1992 Olympic Games • organization of great sports events.

• Catalonia is the territory with the greatest concentration of sports businesses in Europe.

• Football Club Barcelona: Barça is one of the world’s best-known football clubs and a regular participant in the UEFA Champions League.

• Barça players are a good example on how Catalan sportsmen are among the best of the world

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Sport:

Catalonia become a world le Barcelona the third most sp

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der in this field, making t-oriented city worldwide.

Skyrunning champ Kilian Jornet, one of the latest local heroes

Andorra is one of the favorite mountain destinations to Ski or Hike

Running in Carretera de les Aigües, the rooftop of the city.

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Mountains: skiing, hiking, running, climbing, climbing

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La Boqueria The oldest market in the city

Boqueria

What is it ?

'Boqueria' comes from the meat of the goat male, real name is the San José Market, but everyone knows as La Boqueria.

One of the most famous attractions in the city among tourists , Because provides the main groceries to the local community.

Boqueria in relation to Barcelonian culture Great places to witness the culture of Barcelona which is greatly connected to their diversity in food. It helps you stock up your groceries for the week and also helps you balance your meal costs through the program.

interesting resource for those who like spending time on culture

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Landmark It is designated as a highly recommended attraction at different websites, tourist guides, blogs

In 2005 the World Markets Congress held in Washington presented with the award for the Best Market in the World. And CNN named it the best fresh produce market in the world

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Montjuïc Where does it belong ?

It has Jewish Origins, it’s a scenic wooded hill in the Southwest of Barcelona Montjuic gets its name from the Catalan meaning ‘Jewish Mountain and was once the home of the city’s Jewish community.

Affected by two large events that occurred in The 1929 World Fair The 1992 Olympic Games.

Barcelona.

Teatre Grec

Caixa Forum

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MNAC

The German Pavilion

Olympic Ring

Poble Espanyol

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Landmark Things to do in the summer months 1

Visit the Olympic swimming pools which are up on the side of Montjuïc and are open to the public.

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Go to the event where they project movies onto the wall so you can swim and watch at the same time.

Take a trip to the large Olympic stadium and Palau Sant Jordi.

Montjuic Cemetery

Magic Fountain

Montjuic Attractions Montjuic Castle

Joan Miro Foundation

Botanical Gardens

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GOTHIC & ART NOUVUE ARCHITECHTURE

Sagrada Família

The very famous Roman Catholic minor basilica which is located in Barcelona

The designer Designed by the Spanish architect Antoni Gaudí

The building was Inspired by ?

The building was a combination of gothic architecture with touches of art nouveau designs .

Highlights about the building As the building was designed by Antoni gaudi , he was known for his art nouveau style , but of course this design is not like any other because it has religious purposes , with this kind of design Antoni gaudi had to respect the gothic architecture style to give the sense of holiness , and of course add his art nouvue touch .

Gothic features in the building ogival windows, buttresses, flying buttresses and a pointed bell tower.

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Art Nouvue features in the building

The features seem to grow naturally out of the architecture, altering and modelling the geometric structure of the front and the towers and transforming the vertical supports into a forest of tree shapes.

HOW IT WAS REFLECTED ON BARCELONA This extraordinary building is located in the center of Barcelona. It was built in 1877

Casa Batlló

It was designed by the Spanish architect Antoni Gaudí

The building was Inspired by ?

Inspired by the remarkable natural shapes of art nouveau style .

Highlights about the building The local name for the building is Casa dels ossos (House of Bones), as it has a visceral, skeletal organic quality. The building looks very remarkable just like everything Gaudí designed . the façade is decorated with a mosaic made of broken ceramic tiles

Art Nouveau features in the building irregular oval windows and flowing sculpted stone work.

It contains a series of sixty catenary arches that creates a space which represents the ribcage of an animal

The roof terrace is one of the most popular features of the entire house due to its famous dragon back design.

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10 The Islamic influence in Spain In 711 Muslim forces invaded Spain and within seven years conquered the Iberian peninsula. They also developed the silk industry, to make it one of the major silk manufacturing countries of the medieval world. It became one of the greatest Muslim civilizations

Trade and Traders in Islamic Spain During the islamic period, there was a strong trading network that linked Spain with countries such as Egypt and other counties in the North African coast

Trading at the time was not only done with eastern countries, as there were trades made with the parts of Spain that were ruled by Christians

The most common commodities are :Textiles Rice

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Olive oil

Spices

The Islamic influence was so strong that it lives until our current days through the Spanish language and it’s similarity with some Arab phrases and words

Arab influence on the Spanish language Algodón ‫القطن‬

Despite their ruling period coming to an end almost 1300 years ago, the influence of Islam on Spain is still noticeable in our current days in areas such as the language.

Which means cotton

Arroz ‫الرز‬ Which means rice

Aceituna ‫الزيتون‬ Which means olives

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