Embracing the Journey
Sharing the stories of parenting and advocacy in Guyana’s Down Syndrome Community
Sunday, March 23, 2025
Azeena Baksh with her son, seven-year-old Zachary (Samuel Maugnh photo)
One stitch at a time
A single mother’s journey to financial independence
FALLY HARRIS was a full-time cook, but the location of her job kept her away from her children, and she wanted to be closer to them. As a result, she was forced to return home to South Amelia’s Ward, Linden, where securing permanent employment proved to be difficult. She worked for two
years at a mining camp in Aranka before deciding to quit and return home to her four children, including a baby boy. Harris told Pepperpot Magazine that, as a
single parent, finding a job is not easy, especially in that region.
However, she was determined to put food on the table for hers elf and her children, including three minors. One day, she woke up and decided to follow her instincts. Along with a friend, and after securing a letter, she visited Food for the Poor (FFP) Guyana headquarters in Festival City, Georgetown. Upon
The gift sewing machine from FFP
Cooking Up Success
How a determined woman overcame adversity to build a thriving business
VANESSA KLASS
SINGH’S journey into the food industry was not one of privilege but of perseverance. Born into humble beginnings, she grew up learning the value of hard work— selling goods to afford school supplies and later dropping out of school to support her family. Vanessa rose through the ranks of restaurant work, going from washing wares at Salt and Pepper to managing one of Guyana’s best-known Creole food spots.
But when she decided to venture out on her o wn in 2005, she faced relentless challenges—bureaucratic hurdles, gender bia ses, and the daunting reality of running a business as a young mother. Yet, through it all, Vanessa continued working towards her vision, building a brand known for consistently good, old-fashioned Creole food.
Vanessa was no stranger to challenges and what it took to overcome them. Raised by a hardworking single mother, she learned the value of perseverance from an early age.
"My mother was single. And because of our situation, living in poverty, I had to drop out of sc hool and start work," she shared. Though education was important, survival came first. From her teenage years, Vanessa took on responsibilities to help her family, selling goods and taking odd jobs just to make ends meet. Despite these hardships, she always had dreams of doing something bigger. Her mother, who found joy in cooking, influenced her in ways she didn’t realise at the time.
"To tell you how I got into the food business, I can’t really recall a specific moment. But what I remember is that my mom loves to cook. Country people love to cook. And I think that rubbed off on me," she said. At 16, Vanessa entered the food industry, landing what she considered her first real job at Salt and Pepper.
"I applied there, at Salt and Pepper. I remember when I went for the job. They didn’t want to hire me at first because I was underage. But I could have worked," she recalled. Starting as a dishwasher, she quickly impressed h er employers with her determination and work ethic. Within six months, she had moved up from washing wares to serving customers.
and love for learning led her to further her education after becoming a mother. "After my daughter came, they wanted me to go back to school. I went back and educated myself. I did some LCC courses. I did my CXC," she shared. Though she built strong relationships along the way, she knew that working for someone else had its limits. Ultimately, her dream was to open a business of
back. "Anything I do, I don’t think about failure. I always think about making it," she said.
Starting a business came with its fair share of obstacles, but being a woman in a male-dominated industry made things even more difficult. Vanessa quickly learned that resilience was necessary for survival. "Public health came in for me. They were threatening me, and I
encountered repeated shutdowns. "We closed. We got o ur relevant papers. My husband got involved. We opened again. A couple of weeks after, closed again. But eventually, we got everything in place, and we opened and stayed open."
With financial responsibilities mounting and a fa mily to support, she fought through the difficulties. "We opened back again. He left me again.
journey has been anything but easy. But what has made the journey worthwhile, Vanessa says, is the people who have supported her business for the past 20 years. To show appreciation, Vanessa and Hot and Spicy have launched a promotion. With every $3,000 spent, customers get a coupon. Drawings for this promotion are slated to start as early as October. Vanessa’s story is not
"I didn’t know that they were watching me, and they moved me up within six months," she said.
Vanessa was committed to restaurant work, often filling multiple roles and working long hours. "I would go in there for six hours a day. If they had a shortage of staff, I would go there, work, still go home, and then come back for my six o’clock shift the next day," she said. Her natural ambition
her own. "Theory is one thing; but practical is very important. Seeing the actual work and understanding how the operation runs are two different things," she said.
With these experiences under her belt, Vanessa took the leap into entrepreneurship in 2005. "I actually started this whole busi ness with a baby by my side," she recalled. While many doubted her, she never let fear hold her
wasn’t taking the threats," she said, describing the bureaucratic challenges she faced. Standing her ground was essential.
"As a female, you got to stand your ground on certain things. If you only make yourself grass, they are going to eat you," she said. Her husband, Ken Singh, was always supportive and played a major role in the growth of Hot a nd Spicy. Despite following the rules, Vanessa
He was working. I was trying. We have a kid. We have bills to pay," she said. Through it all, Vanessa remained steadfast. Her biggest motivation during this time, she said, was the people around her, especially those who believed in her vision."I had some very good people around me; some ex-staff before they came on board."
From humble beginnings to a thriving restaurant and event halls, her
just one of success but of grit, sacrifice, and unwavering belief in oneself. As she continues to grow her business, she remains an inspiration to women who da re to dream beyond their circumstances— showing them that no matter where they start, success is always possible with hard work, a good mindset, and the determination to never give up.
Vanessa Klass Singh and her husband, Ken Singh
Embracing the Journey
Sharing the stories of parenting and advocacy in Guyana’s Down Syndrome Community
By Shaniya Harding
FOR parents, watching their child reach certain milestones can feel like a race against time. From their first steps to their first words, many parents feel as though it all happens too quickly. But what happens when your child has different developmental milestones, a unique way of learning, and a different perspective on the world—one that not everyone understands? That’s the reality for parents raising a child with Down syndrome.
As Guyana joins the rest of the world on Friday in celebrating World Down Syndrome Day under the theme "We Call on All Governments to Improve Our Support Systems," Pepperpot Magazine sat down with three mothers of children with Down syndrome.
From forming support groups to breaking the stigma, these mothers are proving that having a child with Down syndrome, while challenging, is not as different as many people assume.
is simply a bit different. Understanding Development
For Azeena Baksh, the journey began with her son, Zachary Falconer, who was
Like any child, their children experience milestones, difficult moments, happy memories, and strong family bonds—their journey
her experiences and encouraging other parents to embrace their child’s unique developmental path.
"Zachary has Down syndrome. I would say he's on the lower end of the spectrum," she shared.
"I always tell people that kids with Down syndrome develop differently. Generally, for children on the spectrum, they all develop differently. We should never compare them. We should judge them as individuals because they all progress at their own pace."
For Azeena, a major factor in Zachary’s progress has been the support he receives both at school and at home. She credits these support systems for helping him meet many of his milestones and allowing him to attend a mainstream school.
"Zachary is able to function in a mainstream environment. And I think that has a lot to do with the mechanisms that are in place—the support system at May’s school, at home, and within his surrounding environment," she explained.
Among the many groups she is a part of, Azeena is the co-founder of Extra One GY, a support group for parents of children with Down syndrome and other special needs.
However, she acknowledges that not every parent is ready to share their story
"I'm part of several Down syndrome groups, both internationally and locally. And one of the things that resonated with me was parents posting that it’s okay if they’re not ready to talk about it," she stated.
Ma ny parents are still coming to terms with their child’s diagnosis, and Azeena believes it’s essential to give them the space and support their need. "We advocate in Extra One GY for parents to accept that their child has special needs and to take necessary actions. But at the same time, we understand that there are parents who are still trying to process it. We support them in their journey towards acceptance," she added.
A Different Kind of Love
For Sandra Doris, raising a child with Down syndrome came with an initial period of uncertainty. She became Wayneright’s guardian when he was just a year old and didn’t immediately recognise his condition. "I took him in when he was a year and eight months old. He’s nine now. When I first saw him, I knew he needed care. But after a couple of days, I realised something was different about him," she recalled.
It wasn’t until she took Wayneright to a doctor that she learned he had Down syndrome. "I told my mom that I wanted to take him to a doctor for an evaluation because I felt something was wrong. I wasn’t sure what it was. When I took him, they explained it to me. After that, I came to love him even more," she said.
Though she initially worried about societal stigma, Sandra embraced Wayneright wholeheartedly. "When they told me, I thought about people I knew before and the stigma attached to it. But I wasn’t sad. In fact, his condition wasn’t immediately recognisable unless you really knew what to look for," she said.
Like many children with Down syndrome, Wayneright required additional support, especially in speech de velopment. Determined to help him, Sandra enrolled him in speech therapy. "Wayneright adapts to things quickly. He started talking when he was four, after I enrolled him in
speech therapy," she shared.
While raising Wayneright comes with challenges, Sandra describes him as smart, curious, and deeply passionate about music and technology. "He’s into technology. What you don’t know, Wayneright knows. He’s very smart. He also loves music—he sings, beats the drum, and if his cousins are singing, he joins in," she said.
The Changes in Down Syndrome Care
For Ann, raising her now 41-year-old son, Jilchrist, highlights how Down syndrome awareness and support have evolved over time. As a young mother at 18, she was not informed of her son's condition until days after his birth. "From
out of it, but they never actually explained what was happening," she said.
Although Ann had a strong support system at home, school was a different story. Bullying and stigma made it difficult for Jilchrist, leading Ann to eventually pull him out of school.
"Children used to beat him up, write on his shirt— just all kinds of things. One day, he didn’t come home when school was over. When I got there, I found him locked inside. That was the last day I sent him to school," she shared.
birth, I knew something was wrong, but I was only 18, so I didn’t have any experience. I asked the doctor if my baby was okay," she recalled. "On the third day, I realised something was different. But they didn’t tell me right away. I started noticing that my baby wasn’t crying or moving much."
As Jilchrist grew older, his condition became more apparent, leading to frequent hospital visits. "He was very sick as a baby Many times, we thought he wouldn’t make it. The doctors told me he would grow
The stories of Azeena, Sandra, and Ann highlight the importance of advocacy and community support for children with Down syndrome. While awareness has increased over the years, there is still work to be done in fostering inclusivity, providing resources, and ensuring that every child—regardless of ability—has the opportunity to thrive. For these mothers, their children are more than a diagnosis—they are sources of joy, love, and resilience. Through their experiences, they remind the world that acceptance and understanding can make all the difference.
born with Down syndrome nearly eight years ago. Over the years, she has become a strong advocate, sharing
Azeena Baksh with her son, seven-year-old Zachary (Samuel Maugnh photo)
Sandra Doris and her son, Wayneright, celebrating World Down Syndrome Day
Anna and her son, Jilchrist, on his last birth anniversary
More Than a Shop: How one woman is supporting local producers in Lethem
IN the corners of Lethem, Sharla Hernandez’s shop is said to be t he “Amazon store” that has all the goodies—from arts and craft to cassar eep, ground pepper, and other locally made products.
She has opened her shop to local producers, offering them a place to showcase and sell their products at no extra charge, thus empowering them to earn while she does the same.
The mother of four, including an adult son and three minors, told Pepperpot Magazine that she was a stay-athome housewife until she established the shop three months ago, right in front of her home in Culvert City, five minutes from the Lethem airport.
She has worked in both the private and public sectors for many years. As a public servant, she became a li -
censed tour guide while working with Tourism Visit Rupununi. She is also qualified and certified in tourism, hospitality, and management and decided to use her experience and knowledge to start her own small business. Her shop allows her to showcase and market local products derived from the people of Rupununi.
Locals travel from faraway places, such as Nappi, Parishara, and villages from the Deep South, to sell their products at her shop. Often, she doesn’t have the heart to send them away empty-handed. Instead, she buys their products and resells them, ensuring that they return home with something in their pockets.
Sharla’s shop is a space where all local arts, crafts, and handmade products are displayed and sold. It has become a vital avenue for Rupununi’s produc-
ers and artisans from other remote villages to earn an income.
To promote the products she sells, she uses WhatsApp and Facebook for advertising free of charge, helping to give exposure to the local producers.
As a certified jeweller, she was self-taught but also learned from her mother, who hails from Region Nine and belongs to the Arawak/Wapishana tribes. She inherited thei r talents for handcrafting arts and jewellery, using her skills to support her growing business.
Sharla’s father is from Mabaruma, Region One, but she grew up in Shea Village, Deep South Rupununi, with her mother. She was raised alongside five siblings, with her brothers working in construction.
Many people who spend countless hours making craft products by hand visit her shop to sell their work. Instead of letting them leave without making a sale, Sharla purchases the items herself so they do not have to return home empty-handed.
“These people come from far away, walking miles at times. To send
from Nappi. Her shop also carries craft product s and dried, crushed pepper from the Deep South.
Before she opened her own shop, she rented a space at the Incubation Centre near the Immigration Corner in Lethem. H owever, the cost of renting was high, so she decided to establish her own small business to be closer to home and her children.
i s her primary form of payment.
As a licensed tour guide, she also provides tours for visitors who want to see how local products are made in the Rupununi, such as handwoven hammocks.
them away without buying their products is not so mething I feel good about, so I try my best to ensure they leave with something in their pockets,” she said.
As an Amerindian
As a single parent, she has always wanted to work and provide for her family independently. Running her own shop has allowed her to fulfil that dream.
Sharla is not the type of woman to sit idly by. She is multi-talented and always looking for ways to uplift herself and those around her. A
Currently, she is preparing for Rodeo Weekend in Lethem, which takes place during Easter. She is accepting bookings for space on her land for visitors who will need accommodation.
“As a full-time mother and businesswoman, I like to do things honestly to earn my own money. I do not like to depend on anyone, and I try my best to ensure that my children are provided for adequately,” she said.
woman, she understands the struggles faced by her people, especially those from remote villages where travel is challenging and expensive.
T he original cassareep she sells comes from Parishara, while the real raw honey is sourced
true businesswoman, she enjoys earning her own money.
Her customer base is mainly online, and she arranges transportation via plane or bus from Lethem to Georgetown, where customers collect their orders. Mobile Money Guyana (MMG)
Since opening her shop, she has been able to become financially independent, and she believes that more women should pursue entrepreneurship.
Sharla en courages other women to start their own businesses, no matter how small.
Handmade embroidery made by local women
Jewels by Sharla Hernandez
Sharla Hernandez
Earth Hour 2025
What is it, why is it important, and what comes next?
By Shaniya Harding
AS the world observed another Earth Hour on Saturday, March 22, the significance of this annual event lingers in the hearts of
those who took part. In over 190 countries, people switched off their lights for 60 minutes—not just as a symbolic gesture, but as a commitment to protecting the planet.
In Guyana, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) spearheaded Earth Hour celebrations, bringing environmental awareness to the forefront through education, advocacy,
and community engagement.
Speaking to Pepperpot Magazine, Kemptorne Daly, Communications Officer at WWF Guyana, shared insights into Earth Hour and the role the organisation plays in observing the occasion.
"WWF is a nature conservation organisation that works in over 9 0 countries, and we organise a nature conservation event called Earth Hour ,” he explained. "Earth Hour foc uses on two main pillars: the biodiversity crisis and climate change, along with issues related to climate change worldwide."
This year, the global theme centred on freshwater preservation, a crucial topic for Guyana—a country blessed with abundant water resources yet facing growing environmental threats. Guyana hosted its 11th Earth Hour celebration this last Saturday, marking an important milestone in the country’s increasing commitment to environmental sustainability.
From midday to late evening, the event was packed with activities aimed at educating and inspiring the public.
One of Earth Hour’s most recognisable traditions is the Lights Ou t moment. Around the world, individuals, businesses, and landmarks go dark for an hour as a statement of solidarity for the planet.
"Lights Out is the iconic moment that WWF created in the world. We encourage people to be active— switch off their lights or do something for nature," Daly said.
Earth Hour isn’t just about turning off a light switch; it’s about making a conscious effort to engage with nature beyond the celebration.
Beyond Earth Hour: Sustaining Environmental Action
Although Guyana is known for its vast, intact forests and rich biodiversity, the country is not immune to environmental challenges.
"WWF recently published a report, and we see that biodiversity loss has increased. There’s massive loss of biodiversity in our space," Daly stated.
While Guyana has a strong reputation for conservation efforts, Daly stressed that threats are growing. He believes that greater awareness and education are key to ensuring t he country’s forests continue to provide a safe haven for biodiversity.
"Howe ver, we believe that these threats
can grow, and there’s a lot of awareness and education needed so that forests can better protect our biodiversity," he shared.
Earth Hour is just one night, but its message is meant to inspire year -round action. A key part of WWF’s efforts is engaging young people in environmental advocacy.
"One of the things we would like people to do—specifically youths—is to get involved because Earth Hour really focuses on youth involvement, engagement, and interaction," Daly explained. Improper waste disposal remains a major issue in urban areas, and he encourages communities to take responsibility for their surroundings. "In urban spaces, we encourage people to dispose of their waste properly. Around Guyana, you can see many spots where garbage is
Kemptorne Daly, Communications Officer at The World Wildlife Fund Guyana (Samuel Maughn photo)
Forests and Food
EVERY year, on March 21, the world observes International Day of Forests, a time to reflect on the invaluable role forests play in sustaining life. This year’s theme, "Forests and Food," highlights how forests contribute to food security, nutrition, and livelihoods— especially in a country like Guyana, where our forests are a vital part of our daily lives.
Forests: A Vital Source of Food and Nutrition
Guyana’s forests are more than just lush greenery—they are a vital source of food and sustenance for many communities, particularly Indigenous and rural populations. Our forests provide an abundance of fruits such as awara, kukrit, hog plum, and sapodilla, which are enjoyed both fresh and in traditional dishes. Nuts like cashews and Brazil nuts are also harvested, while wild honey collected from the forest serves as a natural
sweetener valued for its health benefits.
Beyond plant-based foods, forests also support traditional food sources such as labba, deer, and wildcaught fish like hassar and pacu, which are essential to many Indigenous diets. Cassava, grown in and around forested areas, is a staple ingredient used to make farine and cassava bread, both of which have been key components of Guyanese cuisine for generations.
Our forests are not just crucial for food security— they also play an important role in Guyana’s eco-tourism sector. Visitors to places like the Iwokrama Rainforest, Kanuku Mountains, and the Rupununi savannahs can experience forest-based cuisine firsthand—whether it's enjoying a traditional Indigenous meal or tasting fresh tropical fruits straight from the trees.
By protecting our forests, we are safeguarding a natural food source, cultural heritage, and a key part of our country’s sustainable future.
Why Forests Matter Beyond Food Forests do much more than provide food. They regulate our climate, store carbon, purify air and water, and serve as habitats for diverse wildlife. In Guyana, where forests cover more than 85% of our land, they also play a crucial role in our economy, supporting industries such as forestry, tourism, and research.
However, forests are under threat from illegal logging, mining, and defor-
estation. Sustainable forest management is key to ensuring that future generations continue to benefit from these resources. This is why agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Guyana Forestry Commission (GFC) work to enforce environmental laws and promote responsible forest use.
The Role of the EPA in Protecting Guyana’s Forests
The EPA plays a critical role in ensuring the sustainable management of Guyana’s forests. Through environmental regulations, monitoring, and enforcement, the Agency ensures that activities such as logging, mining, and large-scale agriculture do not lead to irreversible damage.
The EPA also focuses on environmental education and awareness, working closely with communities to promote conservation efforts. By educating the public on the value of forests and how they can be sustainably managed, the Agency helps ensure that both present and future generations can continue to rely on forest resources.
How You Can Help Every Guyanese has a role to play in protecting our forests. Here are a few simple ways you can contribute:
• S upport sustainable products by choosing ethically sourced wood and forest-based products.
• Reduce waste and recycle where possible to minimise environmental pollution.
• L earn more about forest conservation efforts
Forests...
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and share this knowledge with others.
• Get involved in tree planting activities to help restore degraded forest areas.
Celebrating International Day of Forests in Guyana
As part of the International Day of Forests 2024 celebrations, the EPA
will be participating in an exhibition hosted by the Guyana Forestry Commission (GFC). This event will showcase the importance of forests in Guyana and allow the public to engage with experts on forest conservation and sustainable management. We encourage everyone to visit and learn more about how we can work together to pro-
tect our environment.
Follow EPA on Facebook and Instagram to stay updated on our activities, projects, and ways you can get involved. Let’s continue working together to preserve our forests, ensuring they remain a thriving source of food, livelihood, and biodiversity for generations to come!
Earth...
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being dumped regularly," he said.
He also highlighted the need to educate people about the country’s freshwater sources, reminding them not to take this vital resource for granted. "We often take for granted that Guyana has a high volume of freshwater, but we don’t always see where that water comes from. It’s important that we understand and educate people on this," Daly shared.
What started as a small environmental
initiative has now blossomed into a national event. "This is the 11th edition of Earth Hour in Guyana. It’s the 19th edition globally," Daly noted.
Each year, participation grows, with increased involvement from private sector sponsors such as ANSA McAL, Sterling Products Ltd., S&F Industry, and Sustainable Environmental Solutions. Youth groups are also playing a lar ger role, reflecting a shift in public awareness. "Youth organisations are heavily involved, and people are more concerned about the environment. There’s a more positive mindset about how we treat and celebrate the environment," Daly explained.
Beyond Earth Hour
Beyond Earth Hour, WWF continues to spearhead long-term sustainability efforts. Their projects span marine conservation, sustainable forestry, and even responsible mining practices. "WWF h as a number of programmes. Our work currently focuses a lot on the marine space and the fisheries industry," Daly noted.
One notable initiative is BioDev 2030, which integrates biodiversity conservation into the fisheries sector.
Another major project, Sustainable Forest Livelihoods, is backed by the European Union
and AFD, supporting communities that depend on forest resources. However, Guyana is making impressive conservation and diversification efforts of its own. One of the most recent and significant additions to Guyana’s urban landscape ha s been green spaces. From new parks to other government-led initiatives, Guyana is working towards reclaiming its title as the Garden City. Daly sees these green spaces as vital to improving quality of life.
"Gre en spaces improve our relationship with nature. If you develop these areas, it’s an example of how we c an use nature to improve our lives," he added. He further noted, "They’re redoing the zoo, which is good because it gives people a chance to interact with nature. The nature park that’s being built will transform our lives. Hopefully, we’re waiting to see it."
As the lights turn back on after Earth Hour, the real challenge begins: ensuring that the momentum from this event leads to lasting change. Whether through personal habits, community action, or policy support, Guyanese citizens are reminded that every effort—big or small—contributes to a healthier, more sustainable future.
Whispers of a Ghost
IT was night—not quite dark, for the moon was partially hidden in the clouds, its soft golden light flirting with the land and the quiet river.
The small village was asleep, and from the shelter of the forested area, a lone figure stepped out and stood silently watching. A young Caucasian woman with long reddish hair, pieces of her clothes torn, and injury marks on her body.
A stranger in the dead of the night.
Who was she? What was she doing there alone? And what had happened to her?
The confused look in her eyes told the story of someone lost, searching for help.
If only someone could talk to me, she cried silently.
But no one could see her. No one could hear her. Not until yesterday.
She had been sitting on the stump of a fallen tree in the jungle, lost in her distressed thoughts, when she saw a small group of hunters approaching. She stood up, her hopes rising, and greeted them pleasantly—but the men passed her as though she wasn’t there.
"Why can’t they see me?" she cried.
She watched them go, her hopes drifting away like dry leaves down a running stream. Then, one of them, not a native—tall and tan-skinned—turned and looked back at her. She inhaled sharply.
"Is it me he's looking at, or something else?"
She couldn't be sure, but it was something to hold onto. She followed the group, keeping in the shadows until they reached
the village.
It was a neat, little community, with not many huts—clearly built with a detailed plan, possibly as a small resort. She had waited until all was quiet, then made her way to what seemed like a guest house where the man was sleeping.
She entered through doors she didn’t need to open and stood at the foot of his bed, looking at him—his one arm draped across his bare chest, his brown hair tousled in sleep. From his features, she could tell he was not fully native but perhaps of Spanish or Portuguese descent.
She watched him for a long moment, then touched him gingerly, but he did not stir. She tried pulling his hair, but it was like clutching thin air.
"What do I do now?" she asked herself helplessly.
He was in deep sleep, unaware of her presence. On a sudden urge, she bent down and whispered in his ear.
He stirred, opened his eyes, and sat up abruptly. When he saw her, he did not seem afraid, only wary— not sure why she was there.
"You can see me, can’t you?" she asked.
"Yes," he answered. "Only, I’m not sure how or why."
"Oh, this is such a relief!" she sighed, sinking into one of the tibisire
chairs in the room.
"Why are you here?" he asked, still wary of the stranger before him.
"I don’t know what happened to me… or why no one can see me or hear me."
He looked at her for a long moment, noting her condition. Then he said slowly, "You seem to have been in some kind of accident and… died. But your soul is lost."
"No! No, I’m not dead! I’m here… somewhere… dying!" she cried, deeply distressed.
"Okay, okay," he said calmly, not wanting to upset her further. "Can you remember who you are?"
"No." She shook her
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Whispers of a...
head. "Where you were going?" She closed her eyes for a while, then suddenly
jumped up as something flashed in her memory. "The plane… the
screams… the crash…" Her voice trailed off, and her spiritual form started to fade. "No, no!" he said hurriedly. "Don’t go! I will help
you—"
But she was gone. And he was left standing there, puzzled.
He lay awake, wondering about this young woman—this ghost that only he c ould see—who refused to believe she was dead, who looked so lost and distressed.
His eyes finally closed in sleep, but after what seemed like only moments, a whisper once again woke him.
She was standing by his bedside, looking even more distressed.
He sat up immediately. "Where did you go?"
She shook her head and sat down in the chair, burying her face in her hands. He said nothing, just waited patiently until she composed herself.
Finally, she spoke. "I know where I am… where my body is. And I don’t have much time."
"I don’t understand," he said.
She sighed deeply, still struggling for composure. "I must’ve fallen out when the plane crashed. My body was washed downstream, and now it’s stuck near the bank in s ome bushes."
"How do you know that?—No, wait," he stopped her before she could answer. Somehow, he understood her strange dilemma.
"You were talking to me, then suddenly you disappeared—that’s because you regained consciousness. Now you're here again because you’ve l ost consciousness once more."
She nodded, relieved that he understood. But she still looked deeply distressed.
"I don’t think I’ll make it," she whispered. A sudden compassion filled him. He reached out and took her hand.
"Don’t say that. I will find you. I will get you out."
She clutched his hand, and for the first time, she felt his touch—not just thin air.
The journey through the jungle was treacherous, but his strength and knowledge of the terrain allowed him to make good time.
By late afternoon the next day, as twilight approached, he looked at her closely. A young woman with so much to live for.
Whispers of a...
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Her dreams hanging by a thread, her life teetering on the threshold.
Throughout the journey, she spoke of her life—her work, her ambitions as an environmentalist. It was this work that had brought her to the rainforests of South America before the plane crashed nearly three days ago.
Sadness filled his heart. Her body was somewhere out there, and he feared he might be too late.
As the thought crossed his mind, her form started to fade. The pleading look in her eyes before she disappeared made him forget how much his body ached for rest.
H e hacked his way through thick, stubborn shrubs and emerged onto the scene of the horrific crash. The mangled aircraft lay on the jungle floor, with no other survivors. He looked around in desperation but saw no sign of her.
Following the sound of the rushing stream she had spok en of, he found her body—half-submerged in the water.
He lifted her out gently and placed her on a bed of fallen leaves. She was breathing—barely. There wasn’t much time.
Walking back through the jungle with her would take too long. The only way was the stream.
Working swiftly, he built a raft and placed her in it, skillfully navigating downstream, praying to reach a camp in time.
Prayers bring miracles. He believed that when he finally reached a camp.
There was no doctor, but her injuries were treated, and an emergency call was sent out. He was exhausted but stayed up all night, watching over her, talking to her, keeping her warm—keeping her alive until the rescue plane arrived.
As he watched it take off, he felt a deep sense of fulfilment. How he had been able to see and speak to her in her ghostly form was still a mystery—but if not for that special gift, she would have died.
Two months later, as he entered his house at his small resort, he saw her inside waiting for him.
A surprise visit.
He smiled, happy to see her—but gave her a little pinch.
"Ouch! What was that for?" she asked, surprised.
"Just making sure you’re not a ghost." She laughed. "I’m re -
turning
home to the UK in a few days, but I couldn’t leave without seeing you
and thanking you for saving
my life." His smile
deepened. "I
can't put into words how I feel about that. But I know I'll remember this forever."
She smiled, tears in her eyes. "So will I."
One stitch at a time...
arrival, the security guard instructed her to hand in the letter and leave.
But she was not discouraged. Instead, she asked to speak to someone from the office and patiently waited until FFP Chief Executive Officer, Andrea Benjamin, was available to meet with her. Harris recounted how she shared her story with Ms. Benjamin, who was eager to assist. After lunch, she was presented with a brand-new, heavy-duty sewing machine.
"I knew how to sew, and I realised that if I had a sewing machine—one that worked well—I would be able to utilise my skill and earn an income to provide for my home and children," she said.
She explained that she previously owned a second-hand plastic sewing machine, but it did not function well, preventing her from using it effectively. Her dream of owning a brandnew sewing machine finally became a reality when she received one from FFP.
Harris stated that having the sewing machine empowered her to become independent. Taking things a step further, she used her government-issued cash grant of $100,000 to purchase an overlock sewing machine.
"I used that cash grant money and borrowed some additional funds to buy the
other sewing machine. This way, I could complement the one I got from FFP and equip myself with the right machines to operate my small sewing business from home," she explained.
Harris set up her sewing machines in a small corner of her living room, as her wooden house is not very spacious. She then began taking on sewing work as a seamstress.
"I am getting work, but it is not an everyday job. A few people in the community visit me to have school uniforms made," she said.
To supplement her income as a seamstress, she is actively seeking part-time work to meet her daily expenses. Harris shared that she receives monthly financial support from the father of her children, but it is not enough to cover household expenses.
"I am aware that things take time. It is a gradual process to set up a business and see it grow. But being a seamstress isn’t a big earner because customers don’t come often, so I need to find another job," she said.
Additionally, she has already secured concrete blocks to build a small shop to house her sewing machines. This will allow her to serve customers without having them enter her home. H arris emphasised that she will not give up because she has children to
support and debts to pay. She hopes to attract a steady flow of customers so she can earn a sustainable income as a self-employed individual.
In the meantime, she continues to search for job opportunities in Linden and remains hopeful that something will materialise soon. Since leaving her full-time cooking job in the interior, she has had to start over from scratch. Her determination to earn an income led her to FFP, where she was able to set up a small business.
Originally from Moblissa, Soesdyke/Linden Highway, Harris also spent some time living in Port Kaituma, Region One, her mother’s home village, before settling in Amelia’s Ward. She was born at the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation (GPHC) when her family resided in Albouystown. Now 39 years old, she acknowledges that things are slow but remains optimistic that her situation will improve with time. She dreams of being able to sustain herself fully as a stay-at-home seamstress. Additionally, Harris plans to replant her kitchen garden, as neighbouring goats c ompletely destroyed her once-thriving crops.
One of her four children, a 23-year-old daughter, is employed and contributes to the household.
FROM PAGE II
From Singleness to Married Life
Introduction
Seeking your future spouse? In this comprehensive guide to dating a nd marriage, author Geary Reid discusses where and how single people can meet, presenting grounded advice to help you tactfully learn about your partner’s background and what they want in a relationship.
you on the right path towards a fulfilling life with your partner
1. Courtship
Once someone has found the person who makes them feel like a king or queen, it is time to build on that relationship. From the initial moment when both individuals set eyes on each other and exchange words of interest, they must spend time get-
Discover how to discern whether you and your partner share similar values, and learn what to look out for when it comes to your partner’s family. Reid also examines the practical steps leading to marriage, including premarital counselling and wedding planning, and offers helpful tips for planning your married life. With guidance on preparing for children, m anaging finances, parenting, and leading family devotion, this book sets
ting to know one another. Some people believe that courtship is an overnight process—that they can meet someone and immediately know everything about them. This naïve approach has led to many failed relationships. There is always a great need to understand the person with whom you want to spend the rest of your life. Even if two people have lived in the same c ommunity or attended the same school, they still
need to take the time to learn about each other.
1.1 Background Checks
When people meet for the first time, it may feel like love at first sight. This
can be a promising starting point, but it is essential to go beyond that first inter-
Some individuals have a way with words but
action.
TURN TO PAGE XVI
From Singleness to Married...
FROM PAGE XV
lack the character to sustain a meaningful relationship. They may express deep affection using grand, romantic phrases, yet their actions contradict their words. Nice words alone cannot sustain a marriage. Therefore, it is vital to conduct background checks on a potential partner. However, those conducting such checks must remain objective. Do not focus solely on identifying faults, as everyone has shortcomings . Some of
these flaws may be beyond your partner’s control, and some of the information you hear may not even be true. Unfortunately, some people are skilled at concocting negative stories about others.
While gathering information, assess both the positive and negative aspects of what you learn. Be discreet in your approach. Do not publicly announce that you are investigating your potential partner, as this could harm your relationship.
Each person should develop their own method of gathering information about their intended spouse. Conducting a background check does not require the scrutiny of a police officer or an auditor. The process should be simple yet effective in obtaining enough information to make a reasonable assessment of the individual.
1.2 Meeting Their Parents
If your intended companion’s parents are alive, visiting them is essential— not just once, but multiple times. These interactions must be meaningful.
When interacting with your potential partner’s parents, avoid conflicts. If a sensitive or controversial topic arises, assess the environment and timing before deciding whether to comment. Sometimes, it is best to listen rather than speak. Once you have gained a better understanding of your intended partner ’s family, deeper conversations can take place, and you can address certain issues more openly.
As an outsider joining a new family, do not project an air of superiority. Do not belittle family members in conversation or through your actions. Instead, approach the family as an important yet humble individual.
It is also important to remember that most parents will instinctively protect and defend their children. Choose your words carefully, and be mindful of how you interact with your potential partner’s family.
1.3 Discovering Likes and Dislikes
During courtship, understanding your partner’s likes and dislikes is cru-
cial. A person’s outward a ppearance does not always indicate their preferences. For example, some people prefer their meals to be served hot, while others enjoy them cool. One partner may love attending cultural events and social outings, while the other may prefer a quiet evening at home with a book or a movie. These differences can lead to frustration if they are not acknowledged early in the relationship.
When visiting each other’s parents, you may also learn more about your potential partner’s preferences. Some parents are willing to share this information early on to prevent their future son-in-law or daughter-in-law from facing unexpected challenges later in the relationship.
A cademic commitments can also influence personal habits. Some individuals pursuing higher education prefer isolation while studying and do not like distractions. If this is not understood in the early stages of the relationship, it can lead to miscommunication and frustration.
Both partners should be open about their likes and dislikes. If this information is shared early, it helps each person understand what they can and cannot do around their partner without causing conflict.
Couples should strive for relationships that prioritise peace rather than unnecessary conflict. While it is impossible to eliminate all disagreements, whether in a new or long-term relationship, understanding and communication can significantly reduce tension.
For more information about Geary Reid and his books, visit:
�� Amazon: http : // www.amazon.com/author/gearyreid
�� Website: www.reidnlearn.com
�� Facebook: ReidnLearn
�� Email: info@reidnlearn.com
�� Mobile: 592-6452240
THE REALMS OF FANTASY AND SCIENCE FICTION, IN DEFINING HUMAN INTERACTIONS & PHENOMENA…
We can accept and determine that Fantasy and Science Fiction is a vast realm that is not only rooted in extraterrestrial accounts but also gr ounded in the enslavement of peoples when reconstructed into religion and used to control conquered peoples. Many of the ancient literary accounts of genocides and the implementation of concocted laws of racial discrimination are said to have been instructed by supreme deities who
commanded the murder of infants, animals, and entire peoples. Ironically, there were no armies that ventured on conquests in the ancient world without carrying totems and religious iconography.
The other dimension of this realm rests in the definition of larger-thanlife human and esoteric governing hierarchies that the victors would assume. Much of this can easily be translated by exploring mythologies—once we recognise
that mythology has transcended the timelines of the ancient world and continues to influence current doctrine through various links.
Those inclined to explore Sci-Fi must also understand that some presumed artefacts of past religions remain relevant. For this, I turn to the DOGON tribe of Mali, West Africa, whose mythology speaks of an alien visitation aeons ago—an amphibian species named the Nommo, whom they define as an-
cestors hailing from the star Sirius. This mythology has found its place in the modern world. I cannot elaborate on the phenomenal knowledge of the Dogon people and the corroborative agreements by modern scientists without diverting from the intended purpose of this article— which is to explore the relevance of mythology in dealing with the realms of fantasy and science fiction.
W herever the Muse directs exploration— whether through in -
corporation or original themes—possibilities must be considered in relation to existing links. Because "you can never know for sure," it is crucial to explore through wha tever means are available for research and contextual clarification. Sci-fi also explores new concepts that must reflect current views and possibilities as considered by researchers in relevant fields. These concepts must be logically presented in literature, ensuring both coherence
for the reader and the integrity of the writer's reputation.
I do have a DISCOVER magazine that explored the science behind MARVEL heroes’ equipment. When I find it, I will do a take on it. We live in a different world now—one where discussions on scientific concepts take place months befor e books on these topics even reach the local bookstore, allowing for the early testing of concept value and relevance.
Noise pollution is a lurking danger to health
Hearing impairment ranges from being "hard of hearing" to complete deafness. Ear ailments can arise from several factors: tinnitus, where str ange bell-like sounds assail the ear; vertigo, which causes a spinning sensation that makes it impossible to stand; severe headaches; inflammation and discharge from the middle ear; Alzheimer’s disease; neurological conditions such as stroke and brain tumours; and even the side effects of certain drugs or treatments such as chemotherapy.
However, all these various factors that could lead to hearing loss are dwarfed by noise pollution or excessive noise exposure.
This article will, therefore, focus on noise pollution, as it is by far the most significant and overarching cause of hearing impairment.
Sounds are measured in decibels. The ear can typically tolerate 70 to 80 decibels without experiencing adverse effects. Beyond 80 decibels, the ear may begin to experience pain, and at 140 decibels, deafness can start to manifest.
Our modern world is engulfed in human-generated sounds, particularly in urbanised societies. Many of these sounds exceed 100 decibels, putting hearing at risk. Examples
of such noise polluters include:
• Modern industrial machines
• Noise generated by entertainment and youth parties with amplified music
• Public transport playing loud music
• Late-night celebrations disturbing otherwise quiet neighbourhoods
• Motorcycles where noise-controlling mechanisms have been removed
• Bars and heavy construction sites
These and other sources of noise pollution contribute significantly to hearing impairment among large segments of the population.
Hearing impairment and deafness have severe emotional and so cial consequences, reducing the overall quality of life. They can lead to:
• Depression
• Anger
• Feelings of irretrievable failure
• Withdrawal from social life
Sufferers often isolate themselves because they struggle to communicate in social gatherings. This can make it dif ficult to sustain employment or secure new job opportunities.
Until the early 20th century, little help or relief was available for sufferers, who were often ridiculed and isolated, especial-
Fundamentals of Oral Health
I OFTEN ponder the simplicity of oral health. This happens especially when I reflect on the guardrails of maintaining general health. For instance, exercising daily, keeping away from alcoholic beverages, and eating big slices of roast beef can be considered onerous for an enjoyable life when compared to simply brushing and flossing one’s teeth daily.
I recall when I was a student of dentistry. A professor ended his lecture with the following words: “If I were marooned on a deserted island and asked what two items I would want, it would be a toothbrush and some aspirins.” It is not difficult to see the importance of a toothbrush in the removal of dental plaque, which is the key to good oral health.
The modern toothbrush, a high-tech instrument made of plastic and nylon bristles, started out as little more than a humble toothpick made from wood, t horns, metal, or porcupine quills. These have been around for at least 3,000 years. Virtually every civilisation ha s, at some time, produced powders or washes to freshen the breath and ward off oral disease.
So esteemed were the tenets of oral hygiene that Giovanni Archoli, an Italian physician who died in 1484, wrote ten rules for dental hygiene, including cleansing the teeth after meals. He was one of the first to mention the connection between food and dental decay
During the 1800s, toothbrushes were made by hand. The thigh bones of cattle were considered superior for use as handles because they were the only ones strong enough to withstand pressure, especially when brushes became wet during use. Bristles came from the necks and shoulders of swine, particularly those in colder climates like Siberia, as they were con-
sidered stronger. Badger bristles were avoided because they were believed to be too soft.
One of the first illustrations of a toothbrush appeared in the 1818 tract Le Dentiste des Dames (The Women’s Dentist). A fashion among American men at the time was not to clean their teeth at all but to have the service performed periodically by their barbers.
By 1840, toothbrushes were being manufactured in France, Germany, and England. The use of new production methods and cheap labour enabled ornate brushes to be made with decorated handles and numerous small knots of bristles. The French took the art of manufacturing brushes to Japan, where cheaper brus hes were produced for the lower-income population.
In the 1890s, early studies began to link tooth decay with oral hygiene, prompting Americans to embrace the toothbrush as a weapon against bacteria. Today, in a good supermarket in the USA, one can find at least eighty different products and brands of oral care items, including scores of different toothbrushes.
The first nylon brushes were made in 1938 and developed by researchers at E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. The use of nylon filaments gained widespread acceptance due to wars and other global disturbances that disrupted the importation of quality natural bristles. The combination of nylon bristles with plastic handles remains the standard for manufacturers today
By 1990, electric toothbrushes were believed to have captured roughly 20-25% of the market. By 1994, toothbrushes operating on ultrasound technology became available to the public. Personally, I have been using that kind of toothbrush since then.
From 1990 to 1995,
several dozen new toothbrush designs flooded the American market, featur-
ing various shapes, sizes, colours, and functions.
Finally, remember
that the evolution of the toothbrush—simple as it may seem—is a testa-
ment to its crucial role in oral health and, indeed, overall well-being.
Can a plant-based diet shape the future of food?
VEGAN and vegetarian food are considered “the food of the futur e” for various reasons. From ethical considerations, environmental concerns, animal cruel ty, and improved health-conscious decisions— plant-based food options are trending more than ever. Today, many restaurants worldwide, including in Guyana, now offer
plant-based food options on their menus. More than ever , people are becoming health-conscious in their decisions. You will find more individuals going to the gym and choosing to eat a healthier diet. For many, that diet consists primarily of plant-based products. In fact, several studies suggest that plant-based food items reduce the
Noise pollution is a lurking danger...
ly among the working class. Among the middle class, there was slightly more understanding, as many were familiar with stories of d eaf individuals who had made significant contributions to society, such as Ludwig van Beethoven.
• The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
• T he Presidential Commission for t he Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (PCPND)
T he police are responsible for controlling excessive noise in public places, including:
• Loud music on public transport
normally quiet neighbourhoods
Ultimately, tackling noise pollution is not just a legal or regulatory issue—it requires collective responsibility from individuals, communities, and institutions to ensure a healthier and quieter environment for all. FROM PAGE XVIII
Before the 1930s, medical treatment was limited to removing wax from the ear and using ear funnels. However, after World War II, the Department of Health was able to recruit Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialists from overseas, who introduced modern treatments.
In addition to advancements in medical treatments —including modern hearing aids and a wider range of medications—the issue of hearing loss is now being addressed from a societal standpoint rather than just a medical one. Several key institutions are involved in this effort:
• The Ministry of Health
• The Ministry of Education
In addition to its role in regulating noise pollution in industries such as mining, the EPA has been particularly focused on controlling noise from construction sites, given the current boom in the construction industry. The agency also trains the police in the academic aspects of noise pollution, such as the concept of decibels, to improve the effectiveness of their enforcement activities.
The Ministry of Health has begun screening babies for hearing deficiencies so that early treatment can be administered, increasing the chances of successful intervention. Alongside the Ministry of Education, they have been testing the eyesight and hearing of schoolchildren, providing t hem with prescribed spectacles, hearing aids, and necessary medications. This programme is ongoing.
• Noisy bars and parties
• Individuals playing loud music in
However, enforcement remains a challenge, as perpetrators often lower or turn off their noise-making devices when police approach, only to resume once they leave.
Public authorities
recognise that noise pollution can only be effectively controlled or eliminated through a shift in cultural attitudes. This is why education and awareness ef forts are being prioritised in schools and through public campaigns.
Can a plant...
FROM PAGE XX
risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and even diabetes.
Plant-based diets are also linked to improved gut health due to their fibre benefits. Additionally, plant-based diets c ontribute to weight loss, making them
increasingly popular among those seeking to manage their weight. Many people choose plant-based diets due to ethical considerations and growing awareness of animal welfare. Unfortunately, commercial animal-rearing practices often involve inhu-
mane techniques and questionable s anitary conditions. As a result, those who advocate for animal rights opt for plant-based diets out of compassion.
There has also been significant mainstream awareness due to television documentaries
such as Forks Over Knives and Dominion, which highlight cruelty in the food industry.
Plant-based diets are also gaining popularity due to creativity and innovation in the food industry. Recently, I visited a local supermarket and saw a variety of plant-based “meat” options available. An entire section of the supermarket’s refrigerated aisle was dedicated to these meat substitutes.
From imitation crab, chicken, steak, and even calamari—these plant-based alternatives are made from ingredients like soybeans. These options offer greater flexibility, as they can be altered to suit individual preferences regarding taste and shelf life.
Transitioning to a plant-based diet can be a bold move, often involving cultural implications as well as accessibility challenges. Unfortunately, for those who love traditional dishes like pork pepperpot or chicken curry,
plant-based versions must be substituted.
Critics argue that some essential daily vitamins and minerals cannot be found in plant-based meat substitutes. As a result, those following a plantbased diet may need to take supplements to ensure they receive adequate nutrients such as iron and protein.
While the future is unpredictable, the current trend of plantbased diets suggests that vegan and vegetarian options will continue to be part of culinary choices and experiences. However, the higher cost of plant-based p roducts and cultural norms may pose challenges for those considering this lifestyle change.
No netheless, with advancements in technology and research on plant-based food, veganism, and meat substitutes, I am confident that more people will embark on their plant-based lifestyle journey in the near future.
To love and be loved
IN many parts of East Asia, particularly China, there exists a myth called the ‘Red String of Fate’ or the ‘Red String of Marriage.’ This myth has been a par t of these cultures since ancient history and is still believed and observed today. It is based on the idea that a metaphorical red string is tied around the finger or ankle of every individual, connecting them to another person. As they go through life, they will eventually meet this person and become soulmates. It is believed that while the string may lengthen or even become tangled, it will never break. The two soulmates are always connected and destined for each other.
Similarly, in Greek mythology, there exists a myth explaining that in the past, human beings were different from the way they are now. It suggests that humans once had eight limbs—four arms, four legs—and two faces. They were neither male nor female. These beings were described as powerful and bold. Fearing their strength, the Greek gods split them in half to diminish their power. Thus, the human beings who exist today are destined to seek out the ‘half’ they were separated from in order to experience true joy and wholeness.
Many similar myths and stories exist across various cultures, all attempting to define the origins of one of the most mysterious human qualities—the ability to love. Love is famously known as the fuel that powers poets and artists. It is a bond that joins two people, even when distances separate them. However, love extends beyond romantic relationships. It is the bond between a mother and child, between siblings, or within a group of friends. Love can even be the passion one has for their work. In essence, it is one of the driving forces of society. Without love, the world would be a colder and
lonelier place.
We begin learning about the role love plays in our world from a very young age. Then, like every generation before us, we attempt to create our own space within the idea of love. As members of Generation Z, how do we find love? How do we discover the person at the other end of our red thread or the half that completes us?
Thes e questions often cloud our youth with the fear of being alone for the rest of our lives. As a result, some of us compromise our happiness and comfort, forcing ourselves into r elationships that are not truly meant for us. We fear loneliness so much that we willingly sacrifice true satisfaction and happiness just to avoid it. The harsh truth is that the first step to finding love is learning to love ourselves. The idea of living with oneself should not be a nightmare. Most importantly, the fear of being alone or the need to conform to societal expectations should never be the reason to start a romantic relationship. Like any other type of relationship, romantic relationships require maturity and a sense of responsibility to be meaningful and fulfilling.
Love is always around us. It is not something that needs to be found or uncovered but something that begins within us. As time progresses, our life paths will lead us to people who share similar interests and goals. By living a life we love, we will naturally gravitate towards the people and places we were always meant to find.
In the meantime, we have a responsibility to allow ourselves to grow and be responsive to the direction of our own lives rather than feeling pressured to follow the same timeline as everyone else. After all, life is a story we all write at different paces, and there is always space in it to love and be loved.
March 23, 2025
STUDY SUCCESS
Dear Student, Welcome, dear reading friend. During examination periods you can be more demanding of yourself than others; but generally, more troubling is to think about other people’s expectations of you. If you underperform, expect criticism, but be gentle on yourself, for the fear of letting others down is a common form of examination anxiety. Get pa st that level. Use your energy gainfully to satisfy your own projected standards. All future successes hinge greatly upon using stress effectively. Be wise.
Love you.
IMPROVING GRAMMAR
Usi ng good/ well; bad/ badly correctly
Note: ‘Improving grammar’ refers to the process of becoming more grammar proficient. By enhancing your understanding and application of the rules and conventions of the English language you become more accurate and effective in your writing and speaking. Improved grammar, no doubt, brings along satisfaction and confidence to the learner.
There are many ways for improving grammar, including:
a) paying attention to using correct structures, word order, and punctuation often help; b) reading widely to observe how authors write can help you internalise correct usage;
c ) doing regular writing practice
THOUGHT FOR TODAY
The
cook was a good cook, as cooks go; and as cooks go she went.
‘SAKI’ (H.H. MUNRO) (1870-1916) Reginald on Besetting Sins
and paying attention to feedback can help you identify areas in need of improvement; d) studying grammar rules can help you understand the rules of grammar so you eventually make fewer mistakes;
e) using grammar resources online and offline which are structured to help learners practise grammar is also helpful; f) seeking feedback from informed others including your teachers and study partners who proofread your writing can be helpful also.
Today we look at the use of good/ well; bad/ badly.
1. Use “good” and “bad” as adjectives.
Right: This coconut and bacon dumpling tastes good. (predicate adjective)
Right: Don’t feel bad, Sandra. (predicate adjective, completing a linking verb)
2. Use “well” either as an adjective or as an adverb, depending upon the sentence meaning. In speaking of one’s health or appearance, “well” is an adjective to mean “in good health;” otherwise, “well” is an adverb and modifies action verbs.
Right: Does your mother feel well today? (adjective)
3. Use “badly” as an adverb.
Right: Your Uncle Sammy dances badly, Simone.
Something to Do In the following sentences use good/ well; bad/ badly correctly.
1. Our truck still runs ---- but my father is bent on getting a new one.
2. Are your twin babies feeling ---- again? That is ---- news.
3. I al ways sleep ---- before a class test.
4. My teacher felt ---- yesterday, but she seems better today.
5. Doesn’t Mom’s bacon and egg smell ---? I feel starved! How about you, Sandra?
6. The home group is playing ----. 7. Do not feel ----; things will change.
THE PASSAGE
The hot sun was beating down on Anuk as he finished the final word on the tomb in which the Pharaoh would be buried two days later. As he looked back to examine his work, his mind began to wonder. Anuk thought about his situation. The only reason he was standing there, half-heartedly working, was because he was one of the very few teenagers accepted into
Right: Rennison doesn’t sing very well. (adverb)
TURN TO PAGE LV
FROM PAGE LIV
the “Gifted Society.” This class of servants, who were smarter and stronger than most of the others, were permitted to perform the “better” jobs…
“Great,” thought Anuk sarcastically , “I’m only thirteen and I’m already being sent to my death.” Most of the Pharaoh’s servants would jump at the c hance to go into the afterlife with their king. But Anuk was no ordinary boy. There was something inside him that made him want to live – a drive that all the servants didn’t have... Anuk wanted and needed to escape, and no matter how hard the challenges, he was going to accomplish this.
Talla was hoeing in the fields again. He hated hoeing… Talla saw a boy his age, dressed in fine clothes, walking towards him.
As the boy walked closer, he said, “You, boy! Listen. I have a proposal for you. I’d like to offer you a large payment if you will help me sail to Lower Egypt.”
Talla could clearly see the boy now. It w as Anuk, the son of
the royal scribe. “Aren’t you supposed to be buried with the Pharaoh in his tomb -?” He was cut short by the hand of Anuk.
“The stench of resin doesn’t please me…. What I need is a guide to take me down the Nile and help me get supplies. I believe...”
Talla interrupted. “Let me see the payment and I’ll make my de cision.” Anuk held out a pure red ruby amulet. Talla was amazed, letting his mouth drop. He quietly closed it and said, “Let’s go.” (from “Sailing to Freedom” by Michael Casey)
About the Passage
1. This writing is what is known as third-person narrative. Look at the first paragraph again. Notice that the w riter introduces and develops the main character, Anuk, in the early sentences. Look also at how he conveys the setting by using historical terms; and describes cultural traditions.
2. The conflict and theme are introduced early in the latter part of the second paragraph. Both conflict and theme
centre on the human desire to be free.
3. There is dialogue in other paragraphs following. This dialogue
March 23, 2025
reveals differences between the two boys. The plot is moved forward through dialogue.
4. The remaining
paragraphs continue to build tension ahead of the climax (not part of the extract).
5. If this style of
writing appeals to you, try producing one of your own based on some historical facts and time.
