Design and Access Statement_Bristol Temple Quarter

AD7602 ASSIGNMENT ONE_REASSESSMENT SITE: BRISTOL TEMPLE MEADS, BRISTOL TEMPLE QUARTER D&A STATEMENT

AD7602 REASSESSMENT

STUDENT NAME : CHAN WING LAM, GRACE STUDENT NUMBER: 1809365 STUDENT LOGIN: S1809365 COURSE: (MA) MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE WITH CONVERSION YEAR 2018-2020

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Index 1. The Process 1.1

Assessment

1.2

Involvement

P.9

1.3

Evaluation

P.9

1.4

Design

P.10- P.18

P.3- P.8

2. Use

P. 19

3. Amount

P.20 – P.22

4. Layout

P. 23

5. Scale

P.24

6. Landscaping

P.25- P.27

7. Appearance

P.28-P.29

8. Access

P. 30

9. Reference

P.31 - P. 34

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Summary of the Design concept: The main purpose is to develop Bristol as a "Digital City" which mens by a 5G coverage of the city and the advance development of the technology to enhance it status in digital business. The technology park is the main focus with the nearby commercial land use as a spatial strategy. A VR center is proposed as a support function for the development of digital city. The concept of sustainable development is important nowadays which will be highly emphasized in this design including the proposed water bus to improve envrironmental issues. Social sustainability is also highly considered by design and planning of public green park and sport facilities to support the community and enhance the quality of life and social cohesion.

1.0 The Process

This D&A report will be written according to CABE standard and by site visit to the site for primary information and reviewing the Bristol Local Plan, Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan for analysis and implementing the needs in design’s concept. National Planning Policy Framework and Core Strategy have been reviewed for the design’s concept.

1.1 Assessment 1.1.1 Physical Content

The selected site is analysis for current land use and set the priority for land use development. The map is shown at Map1. After studying the current land use analysis, Map2 is produced for proposed land use and Measurement for development area. Below show the exiting land use of the selected site with different color as classification for region 1 to10. For the remaining region within the blue color line boundary will be reserved for future development.

The selected site is located around the Bristol Temple Mead and the Bristol Quay which has good transport network and it is covered by the River Avon and Floating Harbor providing a great opportunities for transport link development such as water transport to reduce the pressure on vehicular flow. The center of the site is occupied by the abandoned building which is a waste of resources which should be at the first priority for development. The Eastern and part of the site is mainly occupied by the light industrial land use but most of them are deteriorating at appearance, regeneration project is required. Connection and accessibility of the site need to be improved for the selected site and its surrounding area. The rest of the site is mainly used as commercial land use as office with the Northern part presents a new and descent design with the use of landscape and bridge as pedestrian path.

Photo3: Eastern Boundary of the site Photo1: Southern Boundary of the site

The selected site for development is not within the Bristol’s conservation areas. The planning policies need to be taken into consideration will be stated at 1.1.4.

Photo2: Bristol Temple Meads Station

4 Current Land Use Analysis:

Site analysis for proposed development and Priority Exiting Buildings – Highest priority. Action: Keep Existing Buildings _ Medium Priority. Action: Can be removed or renovated Abandoned or brownfield _ Action: First priority for development.

Historical Buildings _ Conservation and “New landscape “To be introduced to new landscape design at the vacant space around or within the historical building site and fully utilized space. For vacant historical buildings _ Introduce renovation and shops For example: Hull (8 Mirror Pool, The minister) and Halifax (The Piece Hall).

Green space, Green belt or AONB Action: keep or otherwise other application need to be required. Avoid development on Green Belt and AONB Water feature/Blue space: River Avon and Floating harbor _ Water transport introduced would be introduced

Proposed land use shown as below:

rer Site Site 1

Current land use Abandoned building (Royal mail)

Site 2

Light industrial

Site 3

Abandoned land

Site 4

Light industrial

Site 5

Light Industrial

Site 6

Light Industrial

Proposed land use - Kid museum and center Commercial/ business - Residential, health center and Government administrative - Business center. Residential Land use and Water training Academy - Move outward of light industrial Buildings. Business and public service - Technology Park and VR center -University campus and accommodation

Buildable area 21,335.5 Square meters 11,100.08 Square meters 33,341.6 Square meters 24,230.2 Square meters 22,977.8.0 Square meters 29,729.7 square meters

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1.1.2

Historical Content

Photo4: Historical Development at Bristol. Source: Magic map

High concentration of historical buildings are located at the NW of Bristol. There are 10 listed buildings located within the selected site such as the Grade I Listed building: The Bristol Temple Meads Station; Bristol Old Station; Bristol Exeter House; Warehouse, Farmer Former Premises of Mable Mosiac Company, Gasworks Perimeter Wall; St. Vincent’s work, gateway& Attached Wall to South West; St. Vincent Works and Attached Front Area Railings.

“A building is listed when it’s of special architectural or historic interest and thought to be of national importance and worth protecting.” according the Bristol local council and the National Planning Policy Framework;”PPS184. Heritage assets range from sites and buildings of local historic value to those of the highest significance, such as World Heritage Sites which are internationally recognized to be of Outstanding Universal Value. These assets are an irreplaceable resources, and should be conserved in a manner appropriate to their significance, so they can be enjoyed for the contribution to the quality of life of existing and future generations.”

Attention need to be paid for the development around the listed buildings which would brought us constraints such as building height limit around the area of the listed buildings for view obstruction and damage of the heritage. “Buildings get listed by the Secretary of State for the Department for Culture, Media and Sport after recommendation by Historic England. We don’t have the power to add or remove buildings from the list. If you are proposing to carry out works to a listed building we strongly recommend that you consult the Conservation Advisory Panel (CAP) at the preapplication stage.” However, Conservation of the heritage would also strengthen the character of the place and maintain the sense of place.

However, the listed buildings offer opportunities for proposed development at the selected site. The “Bristol Temple Meads” station is a Grade II Listed building which is converted as a transport hub. A proposed enhancement by landscape design to be made to impress people arriving Bristol. The listed buildings contribute an unique sense of place to Bristol and change of land use of the listed building which can avoid a waste of resources, for example, St. Vincent’s work will be proposed as a government administrative building with health center.

1.1.3

Socio and Economic Content Economic: The Student numbers at the University of Bristol and the University of the West of England have increased by 18% since 2006/07 with current numbers totaling some 41,000. Hence there

6 would be need to increase job opportunities for the university students and for future development. It is important to increase the business status of Bristol and to attract more companies to set up offices. According to the research and local plan, there is a persistent and multiple socio-economic deprivation is found in parts of the city, especially in relation to worklessness and low skills which would be caused by the large dependence of industrial development and the neglect of a diverse economic development.

The Bristol city center is occupied by the abandoned buildings for development and the northern side of the site is mainly occupied by the light industrial land use. An improvement of employment structure is required for high skillful and higher educational qualification jobs are required so as to cope with the changing economy structure and the university’s graduates. The economic status of Bristol need to be improved by the proposed spatial strategy and land use planning in the future development.

Social: Inadequate housing with increasing demand and future development according the Bristol local plan review. New types of housings with affordable housing need to be considered in the development plan. Besides, student accommodation is predicted to have increasing demand in the coming future due to increasing university’s student number.

Bristol offers a wide varies of infrastructure to support current development including art and museum, sport and swimming pool open space based on the information provided from the Bristol Local Council. From Google map search, there are primary schools and high schools located evenly among Bristol. The future development should have the proper ratio of infrastructure to the population at Bristol.

1.1.4

Planning Content Planning policy from the Bristol Local Plan Review has been studied to assess the needs for future development in town and to fulfill the planning application. Draft Policy IDC1: Development contributions and CIL -Future development in Bristol will be supported by new and improved infrastructure such as schools, parks, transport facilities and health facilities. Infrastructure, facilities and services required to support growth, which will be secured through a Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL) for Bristol.

Draft Policy UL1: Effective and efficient -The local plan as a focus on ensuring the delivery of new homes. It promotes urban living and seeks to secure and exceed the level of homes set out in the West of England Joint Spatial Plan. Key to this will be the efficient use of land by all land uses.

-Urban living optimizes densities, balancing the efficient and effective use of land with aspirations for making quality places to live, successful placemaking, and a positive response to context.

“Making efficient use of land” defined by the policy text: New development will be expected to reflect Bristol’s urban character by maximizing opportunities to re-use previously developed land and delivering high quality well designed environment at higher densities. Development proposals should develop land to its optimum density. This may include introducing new types of design, scale and form into its location and the development of mixed used within buildings as well as development sites.

Draft Policy UL2: Residential densities Residential densities sets out minimum densities that will be sought in different locations across the city. For residential development in Bristol, a minimum net density of 50 dwellings per hectare will be expected. For Bristol City Center, the suggested minimum density (dph) is 200 dph.

Draft Policy H1: Delivery of new homes The development strategy has a focus on ensuring the delivery of new homes. This policy sets out a minimum target from delivery and a clear aspiration to exceed that amount where this

7 can be achieve. A minimum of 33,500 homes will be delivered by 2036. The aspiration is that this figure will be exceeded where this is supported by service and infrastructure capacity.

Draft Policy H4: Housing type and mix -A city with a mix of housing types and sizes is better able to meet the changing needs and aspirations of its residents and to adapt to future changes in household size and form.

Delivering greater choice can contribute to housing mobility. A range of smaller homes can provide for smaller households to grow or people wishing to downsize. A range of larger homes can enable households to grow or families to start and allow for flexibility over time. Delivering greater choice also increase opportunities for households to remain within their communities when circumstances change.

-This policy will ensure that new residential development provides for arrange of housing types and sizes with a focus on the provision of home intended for permanent occupation within Use Class C3.

Draft Policy H7: Managing the development of purpose-built student accommodation -Bristol’s high education establishments have seen significant growth in recent years. Student numbers at the University of Bristol and the University of the West of England have increased by 18% since 2006/07 with current numbers totaling some 41,000. The University of Bristol have projected further growth in student numbers over the next 10 years including a major physical expansion of the university with the delivery of a new Enterprise Campus at Temple Quarter by 2022. This growth will create an additional need for some 6,400 bed spaces citywide by 2028.

-The amount and location of purpose-built student accommodation will be carefully managed to ensure that there are no adverse impacts on existing residential areas; proposals are consistent with other planning polices, including the delivery of new homes and workspace; and appropriate growth in student accommodation is matched by the provision of purposebuilt accommodation.

Draft Policy E1: Inclusive economic development -Bristol is one of the most successful cities in the UK, with a higher employment rate than other large cities. However, persistent and multiple socio-economic deprivation is found in parts of the city, especially in relation to worklessness and low skills. This policy aims to support economic growth which is inclusive and offers opportunities to all. Development proposals should contributed to enabling access to employment and removing barriers to employment for local residents, facilitating skills development and supporting employment initiatives where new homes are developed on sites previously used for business development; or new workspace and other commercial development is created.

Draft Policy E2: Employment land strategy -As the region’s office capital Bristol is a nationally important location for banking, insurance and professional services with a particular concentration in the city center.

The growing creative industries, media and environment services sectors are well represented and growing. Beyond the city center, Bristol has significant clusters of offices, industry and distribution. Development of workspace at the following key locations will ensure the continued economic growth of Bristol: Bristol City center (Draft Policy DS1’ Bristol City center”); Bristol Temple Quarter and St. Philip’s Marsh (Draft Policies DS2 ‘Bristol Temple /quarter’ and DS3 ‘St. Philip’s Marsh’) Draft Policy E3: Location of office development -Bristol is the core commercial center in the south west region. The majority of Bristol’s office stock is located in the city center with major focusses at Bristol Temple Quarter, Harborside and Redcliffe with smaller cluster across the city center.

-Office development will be appropriate in principle at Bristol City Center, including Bristol Temple Quarter (Draft Policy DS2 ‘Bristol Temple Quarter’) and at appropriate locations in St. Philip’s Marsh (Draft Policy DS3 ’St. Philip’s Marsh’) -Town and district centers and on the edge of these centers (Retained Policy BCS7 ‘Centers and Retailing’) Draft Policy E4: Industry and

8 Distribution Areas -In addition to Avonmouth and Bristol Port (Draft Policy E5’ Avonmouth Industrial area and Bristol Port’), there are a number of core areas of industrial land which continue to provide for the needs of industrial and distribution firms and similar uses. The majority of these are located in South Bristol with a further concentration in east Bristol. These areas have been identified as Industry and Distribution Area.

-Most of these areas are of strategic scale and cater for the requirement of all sizes of business. In order to maintain opportunities for small and medium sized industrial and distribution businesses, a number of small industrial estates with smaller scale units have also been identified.

-Industrial and Distribution Areas as shown in Appendix A in the Bristol Local Plan review and listed the area are reserved for the continued use, development of or redevelopment for industrial and distribution premise (Use classes B1b, B1C, B2 and B8 and sui generis users of a similar nature).

The design concept will be based on the site analysis and data collection including the planning policy requirement. According to the planning policy’s hierarchy, the local planning policy needs to comply with the National Planning Policy Framework. There are a few major planning polices stated at the “National Planning Policy Framework” to be addressed; PPS91: Planning policies and decisions should aim to achieve healthy, inclusive and safe place which: 1.1.4.1 Promote social interaction, including opportunities for meetings between people who might not otherwise come into contact with each other-for example through mixed-use developments, strong neighborhood centers, street layouts that allows for easy pedestrian and cycle connections within and between neighborhoods and active street Frontage; 1.1.4.2 Are safe and accessible, so that crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine the quality of life or community cohesion-for example through the use of clear and legible pedestrian routes, and high-quality public space, which encourage the active and continual use of public areas; and 1.1.4.3 Enable and support healthy lifestyles, especially where this would address identified local health and well-being needs-for example through the provision of safe and accessible green infrastructure, green infrastructure, sports facilities, local shops, access to healthier food, allotments and layouts that encourage walking and cycling.

PPS96: Access to a network of high quality open spaces and opportunities for sport and physical activity is important for the health and well-being of communities. Planning policies should be based on robust and up-to-date assessments of the need for open space, sport and recreation facilities (including quantitative or qualities deficits or surplus) and opportunities provision is needed, which plans should then seek to accommodate.

PPS97: Exiting open space, sports and recreational buildings and land, including playing fields, should not be built on unless: a.) An assessment has been undertaken which has clearly shown the open space, buildings or land to be surplus to requirements; or b.) The loss resulting from the proposed development would be replaced by equivalent or better provision in terms of quantity and quality in a suitable location; or c.) The development is for alternative sports and recreational provision, the benefits of which clearly outweigh the loss of the current or former use.

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1.2

Involvement There is no statement stated of the stakeholder and client information in the assignment’s brief.

1.3 Evaluation From the data collection of the physical content of the selected site, the water features, Floating harbor and River Avon, bring a great potential for its tourism and Residential developments by the beautiful scenic view. The development along the water features also becomes its own architecture and landscape character.

Entertainment and water transport could be developed along the floating harbor and River Avon. The concept of water transport is also to offset the constraint Brought by the water feature which is currently act as an accessibility barrier at the site.

Bristol is located between Somerset and Gloucester with the selected site is located within the boundary of the Bristol Temple Meads Station. The high accessibility And connectivity with the surrounding towns create a potential for its economic and tourism development. The co-operation of spatial strategy of Bristol and its Surrounding towns becomes its strength in future development with each town has its own character and special status. In the housing scheme proposed by the Bristol’s Local Plan review stated that affordable housing need to be considered. However, due to the proposed land use at the town center where is more suitable For private housing arena development.

Besides, the water features among the site creates a relaxing environment for residents to live.

In order to enhance the job opportunities, an increase of business office at town is required. With the advantage of location at the Bristol’ Temple Meads, business center will be located near by the station connected by vehicular and pedestrian path. Employment structure is another concern, with not only the business center but also the cyber business office introduction which enhance the business status of Bristol and also offers great job opportunities, especially to the university graduates. It in terms improves the local economy and living standard. With increasing demand for industrial land use, the present industrial land use will be kept for the market needs. However, the current appearance of the industrial site is deteriorating and regeneration project need to be done.

The Bristol’s Temple Meads is a listed building connecting the area around the Temple Gate Road with the Floating Harbor next to it. The convenient location and landscape feature creates a potential for recreational development. The site has its unique sense of place by its heritage while having great potential for its economic development.

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1.4 Design The vision of the development of the proposed site is designed to be a place to live, work and spending leisure time with high quality of life in sutsainable development.

The Bristol Council announced the Bristol Local Plan covering the period until 2026 and has been reviewed to cover the period until 2036 which aims to increase 33,500 residential units and 17,000 job opportunities. According to the Bristol’s Core strategy, it shows that Bristol’s population is expected to grow by 26% between 2006 and 2026 to 519,800 with mainly young population group. A greater future demand for education and jobs would be considered in the land use design and planning. In order to increase the supply of high educational and high paid jobs, commercial buildings for office use will be proposed and technology park will be implemented to create Bristol as a "Digital city". With the SUMPS (Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan) which also share the same aim with a larger focus on reducing vehicular flow by15% by 2037 with the introduction of Green Transport Plan. Low carbon transportation means such as water bus would be implemented to reduce carbon footprint, air and water pollution. To cope with the needs and future forecast raised by the Bristol Council, my design concept put the emphasis on sustainable city development and promoting not just the higher living quality but also a healthier lifestyle. Nowadays, the use of green space and green transportation scheme are the popular way to achieve sustainable development and also to promote a green and healthy lifestyle. Extension of pedestrian and cycling path along the floating harbor and River Avon to promote green lifestyle. Soft landscape design with public parks and green spaces are allocated along the site with around of total land use to encourage people to spending leisure time to the green space and promote healthier lifestyle.

-Improved living quality by a wide variety of infrastructure and landscape design.

-To achieve a sense if being home, sense of safety and harmony at town.

-To enhance social cohesion

-To increase employment opportunities and employment structure.

-To reduce carbon footprint and improve air pollution -To reduce chance of flooding -To enhance the amenity value of Bristol by green infrastructure strategy

- Prepare foundation for future economic development -Widen the chances for economic development -Tourism

Photo5: Vienne diagram of Sustainable Development

The framework for the design’s concept: To achieve Economic Sustainability: -

The new landscape character of Bristol will be appeared with a higher business status and the classy business center will be located next to the Bristol Temple Meads Station, the concept from the Canary Wharf, London to attract high class business to set up office at Bristol. A trading expo venue and exhibition center at the first two floors and hotel development on top are proposed which help to draw the attention from companies to set up office and join the trading show at Bristol. The proposed hotel development would offer accommodation to the visitors come for business. The current light industrial land use along the Avon street and Silverthorne lane will be proposed to be Bristol’s Technology Park and VR center. Site analysis has been done there is no cyber business center near Bristol; however, technology is gaining its influence and importance and set up the cyber business does not only increase job opportunities but also the status of the town.

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Tourism development by the proposed water transport development which can also be a tourism attraction such as cruise along the canal for sight-seeing. A diverse employment choices are provided with high educational and high paid jobs to support the university graduates.

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To achieve Social Sustainability

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Increase low density residential units with good living environment and sense of being home. Low density residential building blocks (6 stories height) along the River Avon and Floating Harbor allow residents to enjoy the beautiful scenery, harmonious environment, having a relaxing walk along the River Avon walkaway. There is private walkway and green space at each private residential area.

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To develop a sustainable lifestyle by a healthy and positive living environment, not just by green space but also the sport venue including tennis court, basketball court and the water sport training school.

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Supportive infrastructure will be included, Kid museum and kid center located next to the Bristol Temple Meads, as a supportive measure to the working parents to reduce their pressure to rush from work and take care of the kids. Kids can stay at the museum for rest and continue learning or join the extra-curriculum activities after school with transfer service organized between kindergarten and primary schools to the kid center.

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Reserved land for university’s campus and accommodation at the area opposite to the Silverthorne Lane.

To achieve Environmental Sustainability

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To reduce carbon footprint and improve air pollution will be implemented by green infrastructure such as planting street trees along the main road. It is also a means of SUDs to increase percolation rate and reduce flooding hazard in order to create a safe and decent living environment.

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SUDs is a complementary measures according to NPPF. The implementation of rain garden as one of the SUDs measures along the private and public area to maximize the use of space which does not offer amenity value but also reduce flooding chance and underground water cleansing function.

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To reduce the dependency on vehicular transport, Water transport is introduced along the Feeder canal and River Avon which need to be connected at the conjunction area of feeder road. A bridge will be constructed to connect both parts of the site to allow vehicular and pedestrian can go through both parts of the selected site. More stops can be introduced along the river so as to increase internal accessibility. The proposed idea of electrical bus for water transport, water bus or ocean bus, to reduce carbon dioxide emission and water pollution

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The use of sustainable material for construction, green building material such as aluminum.

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Encourage walking and cycling by extension of walking and cycling path and the introduction of “home zones� which allow only pedestrian and cycling to access around the residential area.

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12 Main components of the Design concept 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 1.4.5 1.4.6

Mixed land use with Business center Kid center Business building, shopping arcade and sport area River side residential Area Technology Park along the Avon street and Silverthorne Lane for Cyber business office and VR center Proposed area for University’s campus and university’s accommodation New landmark in front of the Bristol Temple Meads station and Musical theatre

1.4.7

Outdoor musical venue

1.4.8

Regeneration of car park area

1.4.9

Proposed Water Bus transport means in Bristol

Details for each main components will be elaborated in the following part: 1.4.1 Mixed land use with business center and Kid center

The area available for development is 21335.5 square meters with source quoted from Magic map. The concept of the design is to enhance the status of the site with sustainable development. There is a convenient location with good transport link provided by the Bristol Temple Meads, so this part is mainly for business use. Two blocks of business buildings with 15 stories height and a 2 stories business trading expo and venue to attract business to set up offices at Bristol in order to increases job opportunities. A hotel is proposed to be built on top of the business trading expo as a mixed land use development scheme. Besides, the central location as business centers enable to stand out the character of the site to draw people from surrounding area to come to work and act as CBD of Bristol.

A kid museum and center is located at the northern boundary of the site which aims to reduce the pressure of working parents. The kid center is part of the elements of the sustainable development to enhance the social sustainability while putting effort to improve the economic development. Infrastructure to care about the need of family is important but not just consider the need of individual. For example: The kid museum “Eureka” at Halifax. An extension of educational service by not just kid museum but also kid center providing a large variety of after school playgroups, class for kids at the “kids center”. Parents working nearby can pick the kids up after work. Co-operation between kindergarten and the kid center for transportation service. More facilities will be provided at the kid center including video, audio, books, etc. Parents can spend time with kids after work at the “kid museum” part.

`

Commercial office

A mixed land use with trading conference centre and hotel development on top

Kid centre

The land use density is high at this part as mainly for commercial land use.

Photo5: Eureka, a Kid museum at Halifax near the train station. Source: online

Photo6: Business area with mainly commercial building Source: online

13 1.4.2 Business building, shopping arcade and sport area

The Southern part of the selected site is for mixed land use with business center, shopping arcade, sport facilities and a water sport training school which aim to fulfill a high living environment with sustainable development. It shows a gradual change to a lower density development from mainly commercial land use at the northern part to commercial building, shopping arcade and public green park with sport facilities. It does not only show the change in land use density but also a change in building height. The design concept comes from the Canary Wharf, London� with a classy business center and shopping arcade with a gradual change of land use to Residence working nearby can enjoy the nice working environment and can access to purchase the daily needs and sport facilities by walking distance.

There is a dining area outside the shopping arcade for people working in the office and residence. For sport facilities, there are four tennis court and one basketball court, a multi-uses games area which are available for the public and can be accessed by surrounding residents by walking distance. The well-established infrastructure and workplace do not only accommodate the need of residence but also ensure the high quality of life.

Shopping mall with stained glass as the material

It shows the visualization of the shopping arcade with the commercial building behind. In front of the shopping arcade is the dining area. Opposite to it is the sport area with tennis court and basketball court.

There is a screen (shown by the black color box) which is for advertisement and show such as fashion show shown by the shopping center.

Photo7: An institute in Netherland using stained glass the material for construction. Stained glass will be the material for the shopping mall at the selected site. Source: online

Photo8: The view from inner through the stained glass material.

Source:online

1.4.3 River Side Residential area Phase I and Phase II

The concept of the residential blocks along the floating harbor is to create the living environment with a sense of relaxation with a convenient location and high accessibility to the railway station and near the busy business center. The residential plan here is to promote a high living standard and also acts as a supporting land use for the commercial land use for the business center within the selected site. The concept of “home zone� is implemented with green space around and with the pedestrian and cycling path to access along the residential area, there is one entrance to the underground car park with entry and exit to the main road. To access around the residential area, walking and cycling are encouraged. There are private walking path for the residence to use with the green path with tress planting along as the buffer zone to separate the private and public areas for privacy and sense of safety. The total area for phase I residential development is 6915.4412 sq meters with 38 blocks with 212 units provided with 306 DPH. There is a hierarchy of change in building height by 4stories and 7 stories height in a sequence to show the hierarchy and prevent the obstruction of view to the canal.. There are green space between residential blocks as buffer zones and also acts as part of the SUDs strategy.

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Photo9: The photo shows the housing development with the design’s style at a hierarchy of change in building height. Source: online The second part of the residential area is located at the southern boundary of the site along the Avon Street with 24,230.2 square feet for development. The proposed land use on the eastern side is less dense than main business area but also represents a mixed land use character including business center and shopping arcade. The site is connected by the Avon Walkway to the opposite side of the site and to the main business center. This part is served by the Albert road and the Feeder Road which is extended to join the new built vehicular path over the floating harbor and joining the Cattle Market Road. There is a underground car park for residential use with the entrance and exit at the Feeder Road. The development are for phase II residential project is 5811.3864 sq meters with 156 residential units to be provided with 268.438526 DPH. The aim is to provide low density and high-quality residential blocks, there is green spaces as buffer zone between residential buildings with rain garden as part the SUDs under the NPPF. The concept of box houses is used in order to create a vibrant and creative design concept to create an energetic living environment with a change in building’s height from 4-stories, 6 –stories and 8- stories to show the hierarchy and ensure more households to enjoy the view of the floating harbor.

The main material is wood and blue-colored mosaic to cope with the surrounding environment, a floating harbor, in order to provide a harmonious living environment. Infrastructures around includes a green park and a water sport training school to offer a place to the public to use in order to enhance living standard and quality of life. It aims to attract the younger generation to move

Photo10: Area Measurement. Source: Magic map

Photo10: Box house design. Sources: Online

Green space and trees are planted around the residential area. There is a private river walk for the residents to use to increase privacy. Next to it is a series of street trees planted to improve air quality and amenity value as well as to increase percolation to reduce flooding chance, It also serves as another function which is to distinguish the private and public area.as a buffer zone. There is public river walk and cycling path for public use.

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1.4.4 Technology Park along the Avon street and Silverthorne Lane for Cyber business office and The current site is for light industrial land use, however, the site is deteriorating. The selected site contains 22,977.8 sq meters of land for proposed development. There are four building blocks in the technology park with 10 stories height at 1091.25 sq meters, 1450.75sq meters, 1193.3982 sq meters, 1343.6715 sq meters. Total floor space occupied is 5079.0697 sq meters and total floor area is 50,790.697 sq meters.

IT business is a popular trend nowadays and technology is important in our life. According to the Bristol’s Local Plan and core strategy developing Bristol as a Digital city is one of the objectives. IT business including big storage, ERP system and software advanced research by bringing innovative business ideas together. A greenery area in a leaf-shaped form is located in the central to create a welcoming entrance and improve the working environment. A VR center and car park are located next to the main building blocks. VR center is popular for use to carrying out research by virtual experience such as virtual reality studio. Next to the technology park and VR center is the University’s campus which encourage research to be carried out by the joint co-operation.

Photo11: An example of a successful technology park with the Hong Kong Science and Technology Park. Source: Online

The greenery enhances the environment technology park and the leaf-shaped green areas provides a harmonious atmosphere. The VR center has four blocks with the building form in four layers in a triangular shape. The main material as aluminium to emphasis the cyber and technology development. Aluminium is a green building material which is environmental friendly.

1.4.5Proposed area for University’s campus and university’s accommodation According to the Bristol Local Plan, allocated land for the university land use is suggested to support the future demand for the place at the university and it is suggested that the university’s accommodation should not be located next to the residential land use to avoid noise disruption. The selected part contains 13582.3 sq meters for development. One of the Grade II listed building, the “St. Vincent Works and Attached Front Area Railings” is converted to be part of the university’s accommodation with its Gothic architecture style will be conserved. There are two main buildings with four stories as the main campus for studio, laboratories and seminar rooms with lecture halls located at the interval buildings blocks. The area is covered by circular turf area with shrubs and trees planting around. To strengthen the genius loci, the material used will be Bristol stone and the architecture style of the two main campus will be in Gothic style .

VR center

Photo12: University of Bristol. Source: Online

Interval buildings Two main campus Student Accommodation as lecture halls

Lecture Hall

16 Technology Park and VR center located next to the University‘s campus and student accommodation which offers professional candidates to play a role at the research for technology development.

Technology Park and VR center

University‘s campus and student accommodation

1.4.6 New landmark in front of the Bristol Temple Meads station and Musical Theatre

Photo13 and Photo14:The two photos show that people having virtual experience and doing research at the VR center. Source: online

The Bristol Temple Meads station is the Grade I Listed building in Gothic style as an important landmark at Bristol. There is another listed building on the right hand-side of the Bristol Temple Meads Station. Both need to be kept under the Historical building policy in Bristol Borough Council. New development around should not obstruct the view to this historical buildings.

Below is the photo cap from the Google map. The grand entrance of the station impressed lot of people. There will be a ramp shown by the arrow to connect the station to another listed building,” Bristol Exeter House”, to strengthen the heritage and sense of place of Bristol. Photo 12 shows the change of landscape design of the entrance and the proposed musical theatre with yellow-colored label . As the car park brings a negative impact on the amenity value of the entrance which would be replaced by a landscape design as a focal point with a mixture of blue space and hard landscape with major material is algate and marble to present the sense of elegant to match with the heritage character of the place. A 2-stories height proposed musical theatre will be located in front of the “Bristol Exeter House” with a dining area at the roof to avoid blocking the view of the “Bristol Exeter House”.

Photo15: Current view of the Bristol Temple Meads Station.

Source: Google map

Landscape’s enhancement by landscape design at the entrance of the Bristol Temple Meads Station and the proposed theatre in front of the Grade II Listed building, Bristol Exeter House Source: Google map

A ramp as a connection of the Bristol Temple Meads with the surrounding listed building, “Bristol Exeter House”

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1.4.7 Outdoor Musical Venue

Photo16: Temple Gate Area. Source: Google map

Photo17: Outdoor musical venue Source: online

Photo18: Outdoor lighting Source: online

It is an abandoned land now where is near to the Bristol Temple Meads Station with commercial buildings around. The proposed idea is to have a recreational area with outdoor musical venue. There is a series of restaurants with green roof and steps to allow people to walk up from the ground to the circular green space to enjoy the view to the floating harbor.

The V-shaped design outdoor musical area with terraced seats to allow people to enjoy the musical show. People can sit there and relax even without musical event.

Outdoor musical venue is popular worldwide, there is an example from US which is located at the wild and natural environment to create and enhance the atmosphere brought to the audience. Alongside the river Avon, water feature can be implemented with lighting to make a difference of the daytime ad nighttime v

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1.4.8 Regeneration of Car Park This part of the site is currently a car park area where the streetscape is deteriorating. A regeneration of this car park area is proposed. The are links the Bristol Temple Meads Station and the proposed outdoor Musical venue and is an important area to offer car parking due to its convenient location. A small part of area is allocated as bike parking area.

1.4.9 Proposed water transport to ease pressure on vehicular transport

“Water transport� is proposed in Bristol. Ocean bus is an idea launched in Sweden in 2014 which helps to ease the pressure on vehicular transport. Besides, water transport offers another route different from vehicular and highway design so as to access different parts of the town. With more stops designated along the River Avon and the Floating harbor, inner accessibility along Bristol can be enhanced. A better connection among the town is also a mean to improve social sustainability development. There is inner tidal of mud along the River Avon with depth of the river is -3.78meter (sourced from Edina map) A large Photo18: Bristol Conservation Area. Source: Bristol Council boat design may require a deep water level and a more complex construction. However, the concept of water bus and ocean bus requires shallower water level which allows easier construction.

Venice is another good example of successful water transport. Below shows the photo from Vaporetto, Venice. Water transport in Venice helps to connects different around such as Burano. It does not only serve as Local water transport mean but also attract lot of tourist worldwide. Flooding can bring serious emergency effect on water transport. SUDS is important such as Dam, reservoir should be consider.

Green infrastructure along the main road and the rain garden at the public and private residential area also helps to increase percolation rate and reduce surface runoff to the river and floating harbor to reduce flood. Source control is important. Runoff rate should be controlled at upstream.

Photo20: Ocean Bus, Sweden. Source: Online

Photo19: Water transport, Vaporetto, Venice. Source: Online

Photo20: Water transport, Burano, Venice. Source: Online

Photo21: Ocean bus, Sweden. Source: Online

Photo22: Ocean bus, Sweden. Source: Online

19 2

Use

Kid center Residential ` Dinning place

Activities Local Economy Community

Water bus

Lifestyle

People

Shopping Arcade

Activities Local Economy Community

Cycling Path

Lifestyle

Commercial Buildings and Technology Park

University’s campus

Green Park And sport venue

The settlement Health map is used to elaborate the need for different land uses to be planned at the selected site and the relationship between each land use in order to create a sustainable community. Human affects the landscape and in term the landscape affect the human. (Michael, Murphy D.) The redevelopment project of Bristol aims to increase job opportunities and residential units in order to improve the living standard of Bristol. There are different target group of people for using the area and with the spatial strategy to increase the accessibility of Bristol in order to allow different groups of people move along the town with ease.

Details of different target groups have been stated as below: 1.) Business center: over half for mature business to set up office in order ensure job opportunities to Bristol. Medium to start up business to offer different variety of job opportunities to Bristol. Aim to enhance the employment opportunities and structure. It aims to attract a wide varieties of professionals from different industries such as business and IT professional.

2.) Technology Park: IT is the worldwide trend nowadays and it offers lot of professional and high educational level required job opportunities. It helps to enhance quality of life by high paid job and encourage the purse of high educational need for the new generation. Cyber business also helps to enhance the status of Bristol. According to the local plan from surrounding towns, there is no cyber business center around but it is definitely an important trend. It is good for Bristol to build up the foundation now and for future development for its important town center’s status.

3.) Residential: There are a wide varieties of size of residential units to be offered to cope with the need for different household sizes. To achieve a work-life balance for the community, infrastructures

20 including sport venue, water sport training center, shopping arcade and kid museum to cope with the needs of different target groups and to ensure their quality of life.

4.) Educational: Young generation dominates a large population group in Bristol. Reserved land use for university’s campus and accommodation are proposed to cope with the future population growth and increasing places in university. It also educates more high qualification candidates for the business sector in Bristol to strengthen its status as a sustainable community.

5.) Tourist: With the use of natural resources as part of development scheme, the concept of water transport is proposed which allows tourists to experience the day in Bristol by travelling along the canal. . There are successful examples worldwide such as Venice and Stockholm. It is also for local residents to use as another means of transport as it is environmental-friendly with electrical run water bus.

The Bristol Temple Meads Station is a Grade II Listed building which is under good maintenance. It gives the first impression to visitors and hence an enhancement in landscape design of the entrance need to be made by replacing the existing car parking at the Bristol Temple Meads Station to be a hard landscape design with blue space and seating for people to relax.

6.) Low carbon community: Extension of pedestrian and cycling path along the site to encourage the public a green lifestyle and also to reduce carbon footprint by reduce the use of vehicles. The use of water transport means can also release the pressure and demand on vehicle. Street trees is part of the green strategy within the selected site which facilitates the carbon absorption to improve air quality.

3 Amount of the proposed land use for later use: According to the online source from the Office for National Statistic and the “Shaping Neighbourhoods for Local Health and Global Sustainability”, the average household size in UK is 2.4 people per dwelling. The recommended recreational land use allocated is 2.4 hectare per 1000 population. The “population per hectare” would be used as an approach to measure density in order to give an approximation of overall population to assist in calculation on provision of facilities. The total number of dwellings to be provided at the site is 368 dwellings (2.4 people per household x 368 dwellings =883.2 people) and hence the estimated hectares of land allocated for open green space is 2.11968 hectares. According to the “Guidance for Outdoor Sport and Play Beyond the Six Acre Standard England”, the 2.11968 hectares of land need to include Local Area for Play (PA), Locally Equipped Area for Play (LEAP) and the Multi-Use Game Area (MUGA) as the total number of dwellings reach 200-500 dwellings. The total hectares of land allocated for open green space is 2.50358428 hectares.

According to the “Impact Assessment Planning Policy Statement: eco-towns 2009”, the “Standard” employment land requirement is 0.0045 Hectare per dwelling. The employment land requirement is 0.0045HA per dwelling x 368 dwellings = 1.656 Hectare of employment land. Assumes a plot land ratio of 1 ha per 150 jobs, based on a mix of use classes as follow: B1- 1ha per 200jobs, B2-1ha per 135jobs, B3-1ha per 99jobs.

Sources: *Bedford Growth Area Study* Entec (2003). As to enhance the economic development and support the local and surrounding’s employment sector, a total of 2.3830292 hectares of employment land are allocated to establish a better ecosystem for economic development with other supporting infrastructures.

3.1 Commercial land use at the central:

Photo23: Area Measurement . Source: Magic map

Photo24: Average size of office space floor in Central London. Source: Statista

There will be bridge to be connected from the platforms of the Bristol Temple Meads station to the kid museum and the business buildings to allow direct pedestrian access from the station to the site. The selected area contains 21335.5 sq meters for development. Estimated floorspace occupied by each building Kid museum and center: Phase II commercial building: (20%of area reserved for Hotel development above the business trading Floor space: 2511.6sq meter includes 300 sq meter as green space at the entrance expo: public area and emergency exit) Storey Height: 2 Storey Height Floor space: 2700 sq meters Floor space: 2860.2772 sq meters Gross floor area: 5023.2 sq meters Storey Height: 13 Storey Height Storey Height: 15 Storey Height Gross Floor Area: 13 stories height of hotel Gross floor area: 42904.158 sq meters development Phase I commercial building: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Types of office sizes: 330 sq meters, 70 sq meters, 1400 Floor space: 2864.16sq meter with 300 square meter as green space at the entrance sq meters Business trading expo: Storey Height: 15 Storey Height Estimated number of office to be offered: 45 units Floorspace: 2700 square meter Gross floor area: 42,962.4 sq meters Storey Height: 2 Floors

3.2 Mixed use_ Shopping Arcade_ Sport Resi Types of officeland sizes: 500Business_ sq meters, 600 sq meters and 1100 sq and meters Estimated number of office to be offered: 45 units

Recreational area Gross Floor Space: 1100.743 sq meters Facilities: Green space

Gross Floor area: 5400 square meter with 180 sq meter as green corridor inside the business trading expo

21 3.2 Commercial land use and Recreational land use The development area for this part is 33,341.6 square meters. The main land use at this part is for commercial land use and two blocks of residential buildings at the southern part with sport venue as the interval land use to serve as transitional area of land use.

Commercial office: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Floor Space: 80m x 80m = 3200 sq meters Water sport training center and leisure center: Height: 12 stories Floor Space: 1276.8 sq meters Gross Floor Areas: 38,400 sq meters Height: 2 stories Types of office sizes: 500sq meters, 600 sq meters Gross Floor Area: 2553.6 sq meters and 1400 sq meters First Floor: Swimming pools and water sport Estimated number of office to be offered :36 units training facilities Second Floor: Leisure facilities for public use such as badminton courts Shopping arcade: Floor Space: 3794.092sq meters Height: 5 stories Gross Floor Areas: 18,970.46 sq meters

Photo25: Area Measurement. Source: Magic map

Recreational area (LPA and MUGA): Gross Floor Space: 7034.312 sq meters Facilities: Five tennis courts One basketball court Skateboard Park Green zones

3.3 Amount of Residential development of Phase I and Phase II along the Floating harbor: The minimum requirement for DPH for residential development is 200 dph at Central Bristol

Photo26: Area Measurement for proposed Phase I residential development Source: Magic map

Photo27: Area Measurement for proposed Phase II residential development.

Source: Magic map

22 Phase I Residential Development: Floor Space: 6915.4412 sq meters Height: 4 stories for 18 Blocks 7 stories for 20 Blocks Gross Floor Areas: 14,568 sq meters Types of office sizes: 50sq meters, 72 sq meters and 110 sq meters Total dwellings to be offered: 212 Dwellings DPH: 306 Dwellings/ Hectare

Phase II Residential Development:: Floor Space: 5811.3864 Height: 4 stories for 8 Blocks 6 stories for 10 Blocks 8 stories for 8 Blocks Gross Floor Areas: 13,104 sq meters Types of office sizes: 50sq meters, 72 sq meters and 110 sq meters Total dwellings to be offered: 156 Dwellings DPH: 268.438526 Dwellings/ Hectare Recreational area in front of Phase II residential development: Gross Floor Space: 7010.29039 sq meters Facilities: Five tennis courts and green zones with cycling path crossing the Feeder Road

3.4

Amount of the Technology Park and VR center Four buildings at the Technology Park and a VR center: Building one: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Floor Space: 25 x 58.03 sq meters = 1450.75 sq meters Height: 10 stories Gross Floor Area: 14500.79 sq meters Types of office size: 500 sq meters, 660.6 sq meters Units of office to be offered: 20 units Building two: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Floor Space: 22.5 x 48.53 sq meters = 1091.925sq meters Height: 10 stories Gross Floor Area: 10910.925 sq meters: Types of office size: 373.54 sq meters, 500 sq meters Units of office to be offered: 20 units Building three: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Floor Space: 20.01 x 67.16 sq meters = 1343.8716sq meters Height: 10 stories Gross Floor Area: 13430.8716 sq meters Types of office size: ‘1150 sq meters Units of office to be offered: 10 units Photo28: Area Measurement. Source: Magic map

A varieties of office sizes offered at the Technology park aims at support the start-business and mature high technological firms to set up digital business companies. Different office sized serve as different function such as research rooms, studios and offices.

The VR center introduce the technology of carrying virtual experience for research.

Building four: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Floor Space: 31.58 x 29.04 sq meters + 14.17 x 19.5 sq meters = 1193.3982 sq meters Height: 10 stories Gross Floor Area: 11930.3982 sq meters Types of office size: 400 sq meters, 554 sq meters Units of office to be offered: 20 units VR centre: (20%of area reserved for public area and emergency exit) Floor Space: 83.71 x 83.28 sq meters = 3458.6844 sq meters Height: 2 stories Gross Floor Area: 6917.3688 sq meters

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4

Layout

The concept diagram shows the layout of the landscape design of the selected site.

It is represented by the different types of land use and the elements in sustainable development.

It shows that the design and planning try to include all three elements in the sustainable development in each part of the site, Economic, Environmental and Social sustainable development.

Outdoor Musical Venue

The Technology Park and VR center are located at the part of the site. It aims to enhance the business status of Bristol to be a “Digital City”. There is a public green park near to the technology park to strengthen the greenery environment. The university is located next to the technology park to encourage the join cooperation strategy to carry out research.

Bristol’s Theatre “A Musical and cultural Quarter” at the Southern boundary of the site is proposed where the Bristol Temple Meads Station is located. A proposed musical theatre located in front of the Bristol Exeter House and a proposed outdoor musical venue next to the station. The station serve as a connecting point of both attractions.

The major development is focus at the central Bristol with the main land use is commercial land use. The design and planning of the development covers all elements in sustainable development in most part at the site to achieve a sustainable development. The residential land use is located along the Floating harbor at a relaxing living environment and there is diverse job opportunities to be offered by the nearby commercial land use. A health center and two public green parks are the nearby infrastructure to create a high quality and sustainable living environment. A water sport training school and the leisure center is proposed to encourage the public to do more physical exercise by the ease of access in order to build up a healthy lifestyle.

The University and student accommodation are located next to the technology park also achieve a sustainable development. It also represent the heritage conservation by converting the listed building to be part of the student hall.

The blue-colored arrows represents the vehicular flow in. The internal accessibility is improved and it expands to the four dimensional direction to establish a wellconnected transport network to the surrounding area. The orange-colored arrows represents the cycling path to promote a green transport system to encourage the public practice a healthy lifestyle and to raise the awareness to the environmental issue.

24 5

Scale

To represent the mass density of the buildings development at the selected site. The following 3D diagrams show the floor space (width and length) with the building height based on the 1:1250 digital map in order to show the spacing between each building.

Floor Space: (60m + 90m) x 36m/2 = 2700 sq meters Height: 15 stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material Floor Space: 80m x 62.79m/2= 2511.6 Sq meters Height: 2 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material Floor Space: 53.04 x 54m= 2864.16 sq meters Height: 15 stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material Floor Space: 80m x 38m – (4.86mx36.98m) = 2860.2772 Sq meters Height: 15 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material

Floor Space of Phase I development: 41.39m x 166.79m= 6903.4381 sq meters. There are 4 stories and 7 stories building height to show the hierarchy. There is a listed building next to the residential buildings converted to health center and government administrative office.

Floor Space: 80mx 80m /2= 3200sq meters Height: 15 stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material Floor Space: 83.35m x 45.52m = 3794.092sq meters Height: 5 stories Gross Floor Areas: 18,970.46 sq meters Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material Floor Space: (44.13m x 48.02m) + (( 58.86m-44.13m) x 50.58m) – (11.05m x 13.98m) /2 = 2787.14205 sq meters Height: 2-Stories Height of each floor: 3.2m with 0.8m as interval wall material

Floor Space: 22.5m x 48.53m= 1091.925 sq meters Height: 10 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material

Floor Space: (31.54m x 29.04m) + ( 14.17m x 19.5m) = 949.5916 )sq meters Height: 10 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material

Floor Space of VR center: 83.28m x 83.71m/2 = 3485.6844 sq meters Height: 2 Stories Height of each floor: 3.2m with 0.8m as interval wall material

Floor Space: 25m x 58.03m = 1450.75 sq meters Height: 10 Stories

Floor Space: 20.01m x 67.16m = 1343.8716 sq meters Height: 10 Stories

Floor Space: 30.97m x 24.31m = 752.8807sq meters Height: 5 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material Phase II residential units located along the River Avon: Floor space: (47.92m+ 28.4m) x 152.29m/2 = 5780.9284 sq meters.

Buildings height range from 4 stories, 6 stories and 8 stories.

Floor Space: (11.28m x43.25m) x3 – (2.31m x 37.51m)- (2.32m xx 38.21m) = 312.5647 sq meters 1091.925 sq meters Height: 5 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material

Floor Space: 29.78m x 24.66m = 734.3748 sq meters Height: 5 Stories Height of each floor: 2.8m with 0.8m as interval wall material

25 6 Landscape The streetscape of the site mostly still in good conditions with some parts having descent design. For the deteriorated parts, change of paving material is required and use of sustainable paving material is recommended. Slippery material for public paving is avoided especially for disabled. Detailed landscape design would be implemented in the site in order to have the “Enhancement� to the character of the landscape.

Linear paving material and pattern surrounding the circular landscape center using steps to show the level change.

Photo29: Temple Gate Area Source: Google map

To enhance the connection and social cohesion of the site by using landscape design including extension of vehicular path, pedestrian walkway and cycling path to allow the site to be fully connected. By using landscape design as a solution, steps, ramp and central’s square are introduced at the site not just to increase the connectivity of the site but also to increase the aesthetic value. Green space and street trees as a soft landscape with the hard landscape design to enhance the aesthetic value of the site. There are four focal point of landscape design at the site located at the Bristol Temple Meads Station and the proposed business office and shopping arcade.

Photo30 Agate

Photo31: Rough textured aggregate

Photo32: Sandstone

Source: Online

-The central square is composed with steps connecting on both sides with sandstone paving slab as the main material. There are five rectangular water features with the main one at the center surrounded by agate to represent a sense of elegant and to match with the surrounding classic architecture design and stone wall. Rough textured aggregate seats is part of the design to allow people to sit for waiting, relax and take a break.

Pebble Mosaic steps

-The design of steps is used to connect the Bristol Temple Meads Station and the listed building XXX to allow pedestrian flow throughout the site. The material used is the River pebble stone (Pebble Mosaic steps)

The use of river pebble stone gives a sense of nature and good to represent area around water feature. It is as the steps to connect the green roof and the circular green space to create a natural environment next to the River Avon.

Photo33: River Pebble stone Source: Online Green roof on top connecting the steps to the circular green space and the ground-floor restaurants.

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There is a reverted V-shaped steps on both sides with a square at the center at lower level height to emphasis the vision effect. The main material is Granite paving slab with contemporary pattern to represent the modern design of the business office and the shopping arcade which shows the difference of the original classic design from the Bristol Photo34: Granite Source: online

Temple

Public realm and green infrastructure are also included in landscape design. The latest and classy street furniture would be used in the site such as streetlight, wooden seat. Below show some examples.

Photo 35: Tensile design of street lighting at Adelaide Source: Online

Photo36: The public realm, stone and wooden seating with streetlight installed underneath at Halifax at a linear pattern. Source: Online

27 Sustainable Urban Drainage Scheme (SUDS): The river Avon is in the center of the city and providing a tidal by-pass for the river. The property loss caused by flooding for Bristol is >1000 properties at risk.

SUDS is compulsory measure according to the national Planning Policy Framework. There are three major SUDS measures implemented at the site would like to be highlighted with the SUDS thinking – Collect, Clean, Hold and Release.

1.) Water collection point at the street trees planting area along the vehicular path. Drainage area is set within the turf for water collection and to be diverted for water cleansing process. It helps to save the places and reduce flooding chance at the built area with low percolation rate.

Photo37_SUD. Source: Online

Photo38: Bioswale. Source: Online

2.) Rain garden

Photo 39&40: Rain garden. Source: Online

There are three green space with total area occupied is 2880.75 square area in which rain garden will be implemented. The root of plants help for water cleansing process and the clean water outflow from the drainage pipes.

Vegetation cover increases the infiltration rate in order to prevent flooding chance

3.) Dam Construction across the river Dam and reservoir to be constructed as water retention function. It should be constructed at the upper stream of River Avon to prevent rapid surface runoff at the intensive rainfall event and causing flooding at the Bristol’s town. According to the “Bristol Avon Catchment Flood Management Area”, widening and deepening of river and minimize silting, reservoir need to be constructed. The flood storage reservoir at Iron Acton reduces flood risk downstream on the Bristol from through Frampton Cotterell to Eastville. Other reservoirs at Wootton Bassett and Emerson’s Green have similar impacts on the Hancock’s Water and Folly Brook respectively.”

Photo41: Dam. Source: Online

28 7.Appearance In this part, the shape and materials and color to be used for construction will be proposed.

7.1 Business office, trading expo and kid center:

The triangular-shaped building is the Kid center: Yellow and blue colored glass with stainless steel as the structure. Wooden box on the ceiling in irregular structure.

On the right hand side of the kid center is the trading expo with an indoor green corridor. With the main material is glass and stainless steel which allows sunlight to penetrate inside and allow people looking outside to slow down their step at this focal point.

Photo frame and painting frame hanging on the outer boundary of the wall.

7.2 Business office, Shopping arcade and the residential blocks

There is another business office located crossing the Cattle Market Road. The main material of this building is stainless steel with irregular forms of window glass. There are two big window glasses to allow sunlight to penetrate into the building with the others are triangular forms of window glass to have a 3D dimension for vision.

The building height change gradually from high density to the lower density and from commercial land use to sport and residential land use in order to present the relaxing environment, The main material for the two business towers will be titanium for its structure and glass as window. One is blue titanium and the other one is green titanium.

There is blue and green tinted glass material as outer wall of the shopping arcade with a curve shape front entrance. There is a glass wall to separate the dining area and the arcade to create a corridor to the main entrance.

29 7.2 Residential area The density of the residential development also gradually changes from the high density to lower density by building height. The design and appearance change from tall building structure to box house concept, a more flexible and creative design to cope with surrounding relaxing environment.

The main material for the box house design is mosaic tile, broad wood and glass.

Brick with light grey tinted glass are the main materials for the residential

7.3 Water sport training school

The material used for the water sport training school is aluminum. There is a strong shinning effect at day time with great amenity value but also an environmental-friendly material. Aluminum is the world’s second most used material and it is green building material to reduce carbon footprint.

7.5 VR center

The proposed design of the VR center is triangular form building shape and the main material is aluminium.

7.4 Outdoor Musical Venue

30 8. Access The current accessibility of the selected site is restricted by the current design. Zone 1 and 3 are the major development area which are connected by an abandoned bridge which limited the connectivity of the site. The accessibility is limited both horizontally and vertically in both vehicular and pedestrian path. The Feeder Road and the Cattle Market Road only offers one-way direction to the Temple Gate Road but no access for entry to the zone 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Vehicular which need to access the area at the zone7 surrounded by the Temple Quay and the Temple Gate need to drive from the Portwall Lane then to the roundabout at the Temple Gate Gyratory. There is currently no direct vehicular access from the Bristol town center (Zone1 to4) to the zone7. There is label for zone 1 to zone 10 for elaborate the access design of the site.

Green Transport System: 8.1:The orange line represents the pedestrian path. The internal accessibility by walk is improved by the proposed pedestrian path along the bridge and the Avon walkway to connect zone 1 and 3. Besides, there pedestrian path extends to zone 6 crossing the Feeder road. The cycling and pedestrian path are designed along the River Avon and connecting the site internally in order to encourage the public use the green transport system.

8.2: The Bristol Temple Meads as a Listed building and it gives an important impression to the local residence and to the visitors.

There is a new pedestrian steps connecting the station to the site with the Bristol & Exeter House as to represent a connectivity of the site.

7 5 8

8.5

2

8.3

6

1 9 8.6

8.4

4

3

8.3: There is an elevator connecting the kid center and the commercial building with the railway station separately as a direct access from transport means to the site.

Water bus: Water bus is proposed to be implemented at the site to increase the accessibility of the site by different stops along the river Avon and the Floating harbour. It also helps to reduce the chance of traffic jam on vehicular path.

Changes in Vehicular path: 8.4 : “Re-open” of the current bridge to connect zone one and two as vehicular path. To strengthen the internal accessibility of the site, there is proposed vehicular path connecting the bridge to pass through the commercial buildings and shopping mall as well as accessing the underground car park of each building.

8.5: Feeder road is connected with the Gas Lane. There is extension of the Gas Lane to allow vehicles to access the zone 6, technology park and VR centre. While zone 6 will be served by the Silverthorn lane.

8.6: The Feeder road is connected with the Cattle Market Road. There would be “widening” of the Cattle Market Road which makes it a “both way” vehicular path”. Castle Market Road connecting to the Bristol Temple Road which involve the change of one way direction of the Southern part of the vehicular path to be both way vehicular path in order to connect with the Temple Gate Road. Currently, the Temple Gate road has three single way vehicular paths to the Southern path of the site. Vehicular going in to the Temple gate road need to come from Portwall Lane to the Temple gate without access to the Castle Market Road and the Feeder Road where is the town center and the focus of business and residential land use with a great mixture of land use function. After these two changes, there will be a both way direction access between the Bristol Town center and the Bristol Temple Meads Station to increase accessibility and connectivity of the site by Feeder road, Cattle Market Road, Temple Gate Road and Temple Gate Gyratory then to the Temple way.

31 Reference for AD7602 Bristol’s Conservation Area: https://www.bristol.gov.uk/planning-and-building-regulations/conservation https://www.bristol.gov.uk/planning-and-buildingregulations/conservation-areas https://www.bristol.gov.uk/documents/20182/34540/Core%20Strategy%20WEB%20PDF%20(low%20res%20with%20links)_0.pdf/f350d129-d39c-4d48-9451-1f84713a0ed8 https://www.bristol.gov.uk/documents/20182/34536/Local+Plan+Review+-+Draft+Policies+and+Development+Allocations+-+Web.pdf/2077eef6-c9ae-3582-e921- b5d846762645 https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/294182/Bristol_Avon_Catchment_Flood_Management_Plan.pdf https://www.berkeleysquares.co.uk/2016/12/beautifulbuildings-bristol-temple-meads/ https://magic.defra.gov.uk/MagicMap.aspx (Area Measurement of the site) https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/design-and-access-statements.pdf

Photo: Sweden Ocean bus https://inhabitat.com/new-water-buses-proposed-to-help-ease-mass-transit-pressure-in-sweden/ Venice https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/locals-priority-water-buses-venice Eureka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka!_(museum)

Yellow glass https://www.warm-glass.co.uk/pale-yellow-tint-bullseye-billet-1820-p-2320.html Blue glass https://www.ukglasscentre.co.uk/blue-tinted-glass Stainless steel Cool blue stained glass https://pixers.uk/stickers/cool-blue-stained-glass-background-2575800 Aluminum wood finish https://www.ams.ie/services/decoral-wood-finish/

Wood https://carpentier.be/en Blue Titanium https://bitsonline.com/tag/titanium-network/ Green Titanium https://www.anastasiakessaris.com/product/round-and-around-green-titanium-diamond-ring/ Green corridor https://www.pinterest.com/pin/143411569354142287/?lp=true Glass as building construction as outer wall http://dssekamatte.blogspot.com/2018/01/glass-types-and-their-engineering.html

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Stainless steel https://italianingenio.it/viganointernational/buildings-stainless-steel-facades/ Tinted clear glass http://m.glass-window.com/glass/insulated-glass/5mm-12a-5mm-clear-tinted-tempered-low-e.html Tinted clear glass2 https://www.okorder.com/p/1mm-19mm-clear-glass-tinted-glass-reflective-glass-mirror-laminated-glass_620895.html colorful tinted glass https://www.vanceva.com/

Light grey tinted glass

33 https://www.sggglassmanufacturer.com/products/8mm-light-grey-float-glass-supplier-8mm-Euro-grey-float-glass-factory-in-China-8mm-light-grey-tinted.html#.XmGeM252vIU Coastal mosaic tile https://mosaicvillage.co.uk/shop/coastal-oyster/ Brick for building construction https://www.interempresas.net/Ceramica/Articulos/102963-Fachadas-autoportantes-de-ladrillo-cara-vista.html Aluminium for building construction https://theconstructor.org/construction/aluminium-engineering-properties/17755/ Outdoor musical venue https://www.rockitboy.com/blogs/top-5-outdoor-venues-in-the-world/ https://www.fodors.com/news/arts-culture/10-best-outdoor-music-venues-inthe-us Rough texture aggregate https://www.123rf.com/photo_45679984_rough-texture-surface-of-exposed-aggregate-finish-ground-stone-washed-floor-made-of-small-sand-stone.html Pebble mosaic https://diy-enthusiasts.com/diy-garden/garden-natural-pebble-mosaic-stepping-stones/ Fernlea sandstone https://www.dandys.com/products/fernlea-natural-stone-paving Public realm https://www.pinterest.com/pin/234046511865174119/?lp=true Street light

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/506655026806352298/ (Water feature)

https://www.allurban.co.uk/ Halifax https://www.claudejobin.com/architecture-stained-glass-windows/netherlands-institute-for-sound-and-vision-beelden-geluid-hilversum/ https://www.claudejobin.com/architecture-stained-glass-windows/netherlands-institute-for-sound-and-vision-beelden-geluid-hilversum/ https://www.dezeen.com/2016/05/10/mosha-house-new-wave-architecture-irregularly-stacked-boxes-cantilevertehran-iran/ https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/bristol-neo-gothic.html https://sciencing.com/triangles-used-in-architecture-12084289.html

SUDS https://www.aco.co.uk/sustainable-drainage-systems-(suds) https://www.watersensitivesa.com/raingarden-plant-selection-and-placement-fact-sheet/ (Raingarden) https://www.stevekennedy.com/blog/qualify-free-4000-rain-garden/ (Raingarden)

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https://www.istockphoto.com/gb/photo/dam-water-flow-surface-flow-flowing-water-at-small-water-reservoir-rural-gm1072263900-286948066 (Dam) Photo used for Digital Masterplan: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_platanoides https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/1x-Downy-Birch-Tree-Betula-pubescens-40-60cm-1-2ft-4L-Pot-not-Silver-Birch-/143294836257 https://shop.woodlandtrust.org.uk/common-beech

https://bvslight.msbexpress.net/ins/help/Suite/Fields/Gross_Floor_Area.htm https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/planning/london-plan/current-london-plan/london-plan-chapter-3/policy-35-quality-and https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/families/bulletins/familiesandhouseholds/2017 https://vr.design.umn.edu/ https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/covid-19-impact-assessment-on-the-virtual-reality-industry-a-key-opportunity-for-creators-of-vr--ar-systems-to-promote-their-products---researchandmarketscom301038353.html