DESIGN & RESEARCH INSTITUTE April 2012-June 2012
[
Performance based Design
]
DESIGN & RESEARCH INSTITUTE April 2012-June 2012
[
Performance based Design
]
Photo of the building’s site
BUILDING DESIGN & ENGINEERING Project: Design and Research Institute be-
tween Voorburg and Leidschendam Tutor: Hans Kalkhoven, Peter van de Engel,
Regina Bokel, Truus de Bruin Hordijk, Frank Schnater, Joop Paul In collaboration with: Rik Rozendaal, Ka Shun Cheung DESIGN ASSIGNMENT The project requires the technicak design of a building located between Voorburg and Leidschendam, in which a variety of functions are to be housed. It is to be a ‘design and research’ institute with studios, rooms for lessons, lectures, exhibitions, catering facilities, and an enclosed car park. The building to be designed is part of an urban block along the river Vliet in Voorburg. Its dimensions are approximately 40x40x40 metres. In designing the building, attention is paid to its relationship with the urban surroundings. In particular, the integration of the building with the local urban infrastructure and the relationship between the public part of the building and the immediate environment requires close examination. The design assignment deals with the problems of multi-storey buildings in which a variety of functions are housed. The functions are wide-ranging in nature and pose different demands on the interior climate, and on controlling it. The range of functions also represents a challenge to the spatial and construction aspects of the buildings.
The spatial and constructional structure, the climate and physical problems of the building, as well as aspects relating to installations are studied in relation to the design of the facades. The coordination and integration, or indeed the segregation, of the technological systems together with their impact on the overall appearance of the building, is also part of the assignment. The objective of the task is to gain skills and derive pleasure from designing a spatially and technologically complex building. Technical building design focuses on the technological and constructive composition and the climatological aspects of the spatial design. The Building Design assignment is divided into a structure planning phase and an implementation phase. Supporting scientific fields, applied mechanics, construction design, structural design, building physics and climate design are researched in combination with the architectural design.
Map of the surrounding area
DESIGN CONCEPT The concept of the building is based on the idea of natural lighting for almost all the spaces of the building. The basic idea is letting the light enter into the building through an atrium that is placed in the middle of it. For this reason, there have been designed two basic volumes that house the functions – one parallel to the north facade and one to the south - and a large L-shaped atrium in the middle of the building. The atrium gets light from the south and east facade and from the roof which is fully glazed. The closed wall of the west facade is also used in terms of lighting, as it is made of a highly reflective material, which brings more light to the atrium.
Volume 1: Departments A, B, C, D_ office areas Volume 2: Departments A, B, C, D_ labs and studios Volume 3: Exhibition area of 1000 m2 Volume 4: Entrance, small expo, cafeteria, restaurant
REFLECTING WALL
ATRIUM’S VOID
FACADE LAYERS
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Level-2 -2 Level
Level +4
Level +4
Department A - offices Department A - labs and studios W.C.
Parking area Storage area
Level -1
Level -1
Level +5
Level +5
Department A - offices Department A - labs and studios W.C.
Parking area Storage area
Level 0
Level +6
Level +0
Level +6
Department B - offices Department B - labs and studios W.C.
Entrance - expo Cafeteria Entrance for parking W.C. Installation area Storage area
Level +1 +1 Level
Level +7
Level +7
Urban plan _ 1:1000 Auditorium Restaurant W.C. Storage area Foyer
Section B-B
Department C - offices Department C - labs and studios W.C.
Level +2 Level +2
Level +8
Department D - offices Department D - labs and studios W.C.
Exhibition area W.C. Storage area
Level +3 Level +3
Section C-C
Level +9
Meeting rooms W.C. Ict media center Archives Library Workshops / model making areas
3d rendering _ south facade
Level +8
_Design Course
_Course Theme
_Students
_Tutors
AR2AE035 - D1 Building Design & Engineering Design (2011-2012 Q4)
Design and Research Institute between Voorburg and Leidschendam
Rik Rozendaal 1369857 Ka Shun Cheung 1352407 Georgia Fradelou 4184750
Hans Kalkhoven Peter van den Engel Regina Bokel
_Overall Design _Climate Design _Climate Design
Level +9
Installation areas Storage areas
Function distribution diagrams Scale_ 1:500
Truus de Bruin Hordijk Frank Schnater Joop Paul
_Lighting Design _Facade Design _Structure Design
Section A-A
THE FUNCTIONS The functions are placed in a way so that the more public spaces are situated at the lower levels of the building, while the more private ones are situated at the upper levels. In the middle of the division between the private and the public spaces, the exhibition space is located, easily accessible by everyone, acting as a place of meeting and connection between the different areas of the building. On the ground floor is located the entrancehall, a small expo a cafe and some installation spaces. The entrance of the parking space which is located underground is also placed on the ground floor, next to a small cycle-store for 30 bikes. On the first floor there is a lecture room for 250 people and a restaurant, while on the third floor the main exhibition space is placed. Above the exhibition area, there is the library department, including a reading area, the archives and a media room, while at the same floor there are also placed several meeting rooms for the staff of the building and a workshop and model making area. The offices and labs – the more private functions of this building - are placed on the floors above the library area. The different functions of the building are also categorized and placed into the two volumes according to their lighting demands. Thus, the north volume houses mainly small offices and meeting rooms for which we consider the north light to be optimal. On the other hand, on the south volume we choose to place functions such as workshops and labs which are not usually that much dependent on the northern light.
3D render of the interior atrium of the building
THE FACADES THE FACADE APPROACH The design of a building that is based on natural lighting led to a light-weighted building made out of light steel supporting elements. What is more, having the atrium as the main element of the building, we choose to use it as the main provider of light. Thus, the external faรงades play a secondary role for that purpose but at the same moment they express the feeling of lightness that this kind of building requires. All three facades are made out two different kinds of glass. A transparent and an opaque -colored one. According to the lighting requirements of the functions behind them, the percentage of the transparency of the glass changes creating thus lit or darker spaces where needed. Light-weight vertical steel elements support the glass surfaces. These elements also vary in density according to the spaces behind them. So in general the central atrium and other open spaces are covered with transparent glass and all the service spaces are covered with the opaque glass.
3D render of the interior atrium
The glazed parts of the atrium need to be sun shaded for the best regulation of the climate of the inside. Moveable sunshade elements are placed on the south façade. The elements are held from the vertical frames of the façade and consist of smaller plates of aluminum louvers that can fold along the horizontal axis. The grid of the sunshades remains the same with the rest façade. So, when sunshade is not needed the louvers are folded and when there is a need of regulating the climate of the atrium the sunshades unfold and create a completely different visual effect on the building’s appearance.
East facade
North facade
South facade
3D render of the interior atrium
THE FACADES Another important function of this building that is also expressed on the facades is the exhibition area. The volume of this space stands out of the rest of the building so that its importance can be highlighted. The material of its facade is also differentiated from the rest of the building. The intention of the design was to create a space where the light is able to get in but that it can at the same time be perceived as a closed box. The visitor of the exhibition should pay attention to the inside of the building and not to the view outside, as for this area the priority should be given to the exhibits. Thus, the material selected for these faรงades is stretched metal sheets.
THE ATRIUM The atrium on this design is the central element that provides light and thermal comfort to the building. The climate concept is based on the optimization of the indoor climate of the atrium so that this climate can be thereafter used for the ventilation of the offices. In general the air moves from the outside to the atrium at the center of the building and then is moved again towards the outside in order to ventilate the two volumes. From that point the used and hot air is collected into ducts and is moved to the roof of the building where is released to the outside environment again. A heat recovery system is used in order to take advantage of this heat.
FACADE DESIGN _1:5
Vertical section _detail 1:5 _ roof
TECHNICAL FACADE DRAWINGS
Elevation 1:20
Vertical section 1:20 of Vertical section detail
Vertical section _detail 1:5 _ the roof roof
Vertical section _detail 1:5 _ ofďŹ ce area
_Design Course
_Course Theme
_Students
_Tutors
AR2AE035 - D1 Building Design & Engineering Design (2011-2012 Q4)
Design and Research Institute between Voorburg and Leidschendam
Rik Rozendaal 1369857 Ka Shun Cheung 1352407 Georgia Fradelou 4184750
Hans Kalkhoven Peter van den Engel Regina Bokel
_Overall Design _Climate Design _Climate Design
Truus de Bruin Hordijk Frank Schnater Joop Paul
_Lighting Design _Facade Design _Structure Design
Horizontl sections 1:20 _ exhibition area, plinth
Horizontal sections _details 1:5 _ exhibition area, plinth
_Design Course _Design Course
_Course Theme
AR2AE035 - D1
Vertical section detail Vertical section _detail 1:5 _ ofďŹ ce thearea offices area
_Course Theme _Students
_Students _Tutors
Design and Research Institute
Rik Rozendaal
of
_Tutors 1369857
Hans Kalkhoven
_Overall Design
Truus de Bruin Hordijk
_Lighting Design
FACADE DESIGN _1:5 FACADE DESIGN _1:5
Vertical details of the exhibition area’s box
FACADE DESIGN _1:20
Vertical sections _details 1:5 _ exhibition Vertical sections _detailsarea 1:5 _ exhibition area
Elevation 1:20
Vertical section 1:20
Vertical section_ exhibition area
_Design Course
_Course Theme
_Students
_Tutors
_Design Course AR2AE035 - D1 Building Design & Engineering AR2AE035 - D1 Design (2011-2012 Q4)
_Course Theme Design and Research Institute between Voorburg and Design and Research Institute Leidschendam
_Students Rik Rozendaal 1369857 Ka Shun Cheung 1352407 Rik Rozendaal Georgia Fradelou1369857 4184750
_Tutors Hans Kalkhoven Peter van den Engel Hans Kalkhoven Regina Bokel
_Overall Design _Climate Design _Overall Design _Climate Design
Truus de Bruin Hordijk Frank Schnater TruusPaul de Bruin Hordijk Joop
_Lighting Design _Facade Design _Lighting Design Design _Structure
Elevation 1:20
Elevation_ exhibition area
Vertical section
CLIMATE STUDY THERMAL COMFORT The thermal comfort inside the building is achieved as follows: The air enters into the building by mechanical means and before it’s been released into the atrium, it gets preheated or pre-cooled according to the needs of the climate. As it has now the right temperature, it is moved to the atrium and from there it moves naturally into the offices and other parts of the building in order to ventilate them. The exhaust of the used air is made mechanically through ducts.
VENTILATION All the functions of the building except of the parking area and the lecture room are ventilated directly from the atrium. The ventilation concept is based on mechanical inlet of air to the atrium (1), heating or cooling the air in the atrium, using the sun, sunshading and concrete core activation (2), natural movement of the air from the atrium to the different areas of the building (3) and mechanical outlet through ducts to the outside (4). The lecture room has its own ventilation system (5). Every department of the building is connected with small openings to the atrium and with pipes to the two main ventilation cores of the building. The air enters mechanically to the atrium from the outside and moves naturally to the inside of the room. Then it gets mechanically sucked upwards through the pipes. Finally it is released to the top of the building.
Cooling and heating principle
Ventilation principle
Office ventilation and cooling/heating for (a)Winter and (b)Summer
Capsol calculations: (a)Summer, (b)Winter, (c)Cooling load
ATRIUM DAYLIGHT The graphical representation shows the light coming into the atrium by an overcast sky in the summer (left) and winter (right) lx
lx
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LIGHTING CONCEPT The concept for the light in the building deals with the principle of reflection. Due to the reflecting wall at the west and to the size of the atrium, the light will reflect into the atrium, giving the offices and studios next to it a sufficient amount of light.
However artificial light is also used, in order to fulfill the lighting needs of the building’s offices during winter.
Dialux results lx
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JUNE 21 14.00 OVERCAST SKY
JUNE 21
DECEMBER 21
14.00
13.00
CLEAR SKY
OVERCAST SKY
DECEMBER 21 13.00 CLEAR SKY
300
ARTIFICIAL LIGHT The illustration on the left shows a light scheme that uses 15 T5 lamps , providing artificial light to the studios and offices during winter. All the other areas of the building are naturally lit