Reporting from Venice Prof. Tina Gregoric Thomas Amann Katharina Urbanek Fabian Wallm체ller Design Studio WS 2016/2017
Institut f체r Architektur und Entwerfen Abteilung f체r Geb채udelehre und Entwerfen
Reporting from Venice
Design Studio WS 2016/2017
Institut für Architektur und Entwerfen Abteilung für Gebäudelehre und Entwerfen
Content
4 Introduction Tina Gregoric
10 Design Studio – Brief Tina Gregoric, Thomas Amann, Katharina Urbanek, Fabian Wallmüller
18 Design Studio – Process 24 Redefining Venice Sergio Pascolo
28 Design Studio – Themes 28 Transport 32 Communities 36 Housing
40 Design Studio – Research 40 Thematic References 54 Study Areas 72 Atmospheres 84 Elements
107 Projects 110 Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto
174 Sant’Elena
112 Peoplemover – Transport
176 Stazione Verticale – Transport
Laura Gnadke, Caterina Revedin
Josephine Hermann, Peter Jakowitsch
120 Occupy Fences – Transport
184 Living Link– Transport
Leona Srin Palantsken, Erita Tahirsylaj,
Marius Valente
190 Market+ – Communities
Insa Höhne, Lena Krautgartner
126 WaterforVenice – Communities
200 Dwelling the Ground Floor – Housing
Verena Kößl, Carmen Trifina
Tin Jelavic, Domagoj Osrecak Petra Veljkovic, Flavius Tinco
132 Ghetto/Sant’Alvise
206 .views. – Housing
134 Sharing Network – Transport
Matthias Heytmanek, Sebastian Hofer
Ma Xiaoxiao, Deng Ketian
142 Circle Waves – Transport
214 Giudecca
216 Macchina Flottante – Transport
Pinar Pakfiliz, Emre Kacar
150 The Flex – Communities
222 Sotoportego – Transport
Melanie Grasl, Katharina Khan
Sabrina Kerber, Nicolas Grabenbauer
154 Living Boundaries – Communities
226 The EVERYtool! – Communities
Dorukhan Sakar, Nina Winkler
Saly Elbasiouny, Theresa Brock
160 On the Edge – Housing
232 Activators – Communities
Sophie Giefing, Valerio Alvarez
Marina Anton, Alexandra Marin
166 Giardini Aperti – Housing
236 Il bene comune – Housing
Lara Baler, Gregor Mljac
Lin Zhehan, Han Peiying, Shi Yunze Fabio Daniele, Adam Gajdos
242 Compact – Housing
Anatol Bogislav, Hannah Geskes
253 Imprint Reporting from Venice
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Introduction Tina Gregoric
Reporting from the Front > Reporting from Venice In the search for possible critical themes and sites of Design Studio 2016–2017, it proved impossible to ignore the omnipresent and intensely challenging International Architecture Exhibition Reporting from the Front, which took place from May to November 2016 in Venice. The announcement in July 2015 that Chilean architect Alejandro Aravena was selected as the curator of the Biennale Architettura 2016 opened several expectations linked to the acclaimed socially responsible projects of his Santiago-based practice Elemental. Their built social housing projects have been essential in proving that the participatory design-build process that include future residents radically improves the quality of lives within the given material and budget constraints. For years, Aravena has been encouraging architects to design and construct critical architecture with a relevant social and environmental impact. How would he address these issues as a curator of this massive worldwide architectural event taking place in the UNESCO protected floating city? In the introduction to the curatorial proposal he states: “We believe that the advancement of architecture is not a goal in itself but a way to improve people’s quality of life. Given life ranges from very basic physical needs to the most intangible dimensions of the human condition, consequently, improving the quality of the built environment is an endeavor that has to tackle many fronts.” It became obvious that he was continuing his positions as a practicing architect in his new role of a curator. Inviting the practitioners to report from the front with their actions meant facing issues that define today’s reality, such as segregation,
Introduction
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Reporting from the Front, the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale. Exhibition announcement
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housing shortage, migration, informality, traffic, waste and communities. Reports that would offer inventive results and go beyond mediocrity, bureaucracy and greed, addressing both the scarcity of materials and means. In his curatorial proposal he states: “We would like to widen the range of issues to which architecture is expected to respond, adding explicitly to the cultural and artistic dimensions that already belong to our scope, those that are on the social, political, economical and environmental end of the spectrum.” In December 2015, together with my partner Aljosa Dekleva, we accepted the invitation and compelling challenge to respond to Aravena’s call to report from the front and curate the Pavilion of Slovenia in Arsenale at the Architecture Biennale 2016. We were determined to address the topics of home and dwelling as current critical social and environmental issues by creating a thematic curated library titled Home at Arsenale. Our Ljubljana-based practice conceived and constructed a 1:1 site-specific inhabitable spatial wooden structure, an abstract compact home performing as a curated library, within which we established a platform for exploring the concepts of home and dwelling during the exhibition and beyond. Again, we were drawn to Venice to think, design and build. The proximity of Venice to Ljubljana allowed us frequent in-depth visits, thought-through observations, lectures and production of exhibitions. In addition, the historical links between the Republic of Venice and the territory of Slovenia gave us an increased responsibly and sensitivity to the city itself. In 2012 and again in 2014 we noticed the protests No Grandi Navi—a vocal movement to prevent big ships’ access to the lagoon. And then, in 2014, while researching and defining nanotourism, we have already observed the outrage of the residents of Venice towards overtourism, which even reached the art movement—Tourists NOT ALLOWED!!!.1 This fragile, historic and cultural environment has been a vibrant port and home for many for centuries. Now, it functions mostly as a destination for once in a lifetime visits or a frequent venue for important art events. Its qualities as a home are dissolving as the everyday is challenged further for the remaining 55.000 residents. Daily, they represent merely a third of the population of Venice, while 20.000 commuters flow in and out of the city, with around 60.000 tourists represent the vast majority of the populace, and that number exploding to 170.000 on peak festivities.2 While it is clear that tourism provides a significant economic contribution to Venice and other Mediterranean destinations like Barcelona or Dubrovnik, overtourism is causing severe issues ranging from housing affordability, environmental
Introduction
1 A project of Gervasuti Foundation—an alternative art platform in Venice, 2014
2 Foscari, Giulia (2014): Elements of Venice. Zurich: Lars Müller Publishers. p. 144
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tourists NOT ALLOWED!!! A project of Gervasuti Foundation—an alternative art platform in Venice, 2014
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degradation and the destruction of local life.3 To the extent that UNESCO has threatened to put Venice on a list of World Heritage Sites in danger. While discussing the focus of the Venice biennale in the summer of 2016 together with the team of university assistants and teachers Thomas Amann, Katharina Urbanek and Fabian Wallmüller, we acknowledged that there are many fronts architecture should report from, but Venice itself is surely at the top! A front to report from! We formed three teams, each devoted to a selected theme from of the curatorial pool of issues to be addressed: Transport, Communities and Housing. We immediately began research on the selected themes with regards to their presentations at the Venice Biennale 2016 and to the dire realities of Venice. Our primary goal was not only to report from Venice but firstly to learn from Venice—a carless midsize European city and an experimental laboratory—and then respond and propose projects in the given realities of this highly specific locality for those brave enough to persist living there.
3 Hardy, Paula (2019): “Sinking city: how Venice is managing Europe’s worst tourism crisis”. URL: www. theguardian.com/ cities/2019/apr/30/ sinking-city-how-venice-ismanaging-europes-worst-tourism-crisis [15.08.2019]
Various presentations by unique active residents and experts that have been reshaping the past and present of Venice have proven to be a crucial driving force for students in forming a deeper understanding of the multiplicity of Venetian spatial and social realities. The meticulously structured on-site research charged students to discover the multitudes of study areas and themes. Each triptych of the Venetian Atmospheres attempts to address the concept of the project, while the carefully measured and presented Elements accentuate the material, ergonomic or typological parameters. All to embrace and unravel the hidden potentials of Venice in order to suggest the site-specific propositions intended to improve the quality of its everyday life.
Introduction
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Reporting from Venice
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Design Studio – Brief Tina Gregoric, Thomas Amann, Katharina Urbanek, Fabian Wallmßller
Venice is certainly one of the most fascinating places in the world, not only in urban and architectural, but also social terms. Once a powerful metropolis, today it is one of the biggest non-places on earth, a city that is mostly inhabited in temporary ways. Global tourists and cultural enthusiasts only stay a day or two; seasonal workers are employed by the tourist industry; students move elsewhere after their studies in Venice, as job opportunities are sparse; the homeless are expelled from public space, and lead a shadowy existence as street vendors. Even Venetians, which have long since been a minority in their own city, are on the run, fleeing from shocking real estate prices and other challenges of leading an everyday life in the overcrowded and carless city. In the past sixty years, the historical city of Venice lost more than 65% of its inhabitants.1 Today, Venice is a gigantic transitory space. Once one of the key world capitals of trade and transport has now turned into an extreme symbol of mass-tourism, a poster child of its cultural, environmental and social downsides. The most important architecture exhibition in the world, Biennale Architettura, also takes place in Venice. Reporting from the Front 2, its theme in 2016, interrogates the participants on how architecture might improve the quality of everyday life. Could this question be relevant for Venice, too? And where are the fronts of Venice one could report from?
1 URL: http://www. venipedia.org/wiki/index. php?title=Demographics [28.05.2019]
2 A theme selected by Alejandro Aravena, director of Biennale Architettura 2016
It seems evident that the current social fault lines of Venice run alongside the parallel societies frequenting Venice today. The fronts of Venice appear in places where people meet physically, but not socially: the places of departure and arrival, the interfaces between the facades and the backstage areas of the tourist industry, the borderlines between the exceptional and the ordinary, between the star attractions and the hidden spaces. Can architecture play a relevant role in this context?
Design Studio – Brief
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Reporting from the Front, the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale. Curatorial notes by Alejandro Aravena
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Three design studio themes Why not report from Venice itself as a front? How could one investigate and improve the living conditions in Venice for its residents and even visitors within the specific conditions and constrains of the currently overcrowded world heritage site—a city with no roads, just canals? Could constrains become the potentials for improving people’s quality of life? What could be learnt from Venice’s polarities and extremes? Three design studio themes were selected from the curatorial sketch depicting the issues of Venice Biennale 2016: Transport – tackling the specific network of public transport in Venice, as well as the potential of infrastructural projects as generators for public space and further development of the city. Communities – addressing the question of spaces and programs that could foster sustainable interaction between the different societies that parallelly frequent the city today. Housing – posing the questions on what kind of dwelling—and underlying micro-economics—could be introduced to a shrinking city overwhelmed by mass tourism. Four study areas In order to investigate the issues of transport, communities and housing themes, four diverse study areas were selected. These are positioned mostly outside of the main tourist areas of the city, and are localities that still preserve the everyday realities of the residents. They therefore offer more potential for transformation, and yet each of them has specific characteristics to contend with. Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto – the central transport hub where the road ends and cars, buses and trucks stop or start to transfer their passengers or goods to or from all sorts of boats. The area holds a high potential to transform from a transitory space to a place of interaction. Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – a highly urban quarter at the northern edge of the city, characterized by a strong Jewish community and featuring places of mass tourism as well as residential and leisure areas that could better benefit from their attractive location at the seafront. Sant’Elena – an artificial island in the east of Venice, accommodating a large waterside public park with pathways and pine trees and some parts of Giardini della Biennale, an almost secluded housing area from the 1930s as well as the Venice football stadium. To the north, a small marina and a boatyard for ACTV are potential areas to be developed. Giudecca – the most southern of Venice’s islands, historically providing agricultural and later industrial goods for the city, as well as sufficient space for quality housing. Even though production has almost disappeared nowadays, the area still plays a role providing large and attractive land reserves for future urban developments.
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4 study areas 1 Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto 2 Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 3 Sant’Elena 4 Giudecca
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Design Studio – Brief
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Siteplan with study areas 1 Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto 2 Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 3 Sant’Elena 4 Giudecca
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Workshop locations 5 La Biennale di Venezia – Arsenale 6 La Biennale di Venezia – Giardini 7 Spazio Morion 8 Magazzini del Sale
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Design Studio – Process Tina Gregoric, Thomas Amann, Katharina Urbanek, Fabian Wallmüller
The projects presented in this publication are the design research propositions of more than 40 students participating in the 2016/2017 design studio Reporting from Venice, grouped according to three diverse themes: Transport, Communities and Housing, and mentored by Prof. Tina Gregoric, Univ.Ass. Thomas Amann, Univ.Ass. Katharina Urbanek and Univ.Ass. Fabian Wallmüller at the Institute of Architecture, Department of Architectural Typology and Design at TU Wien. ! Studio timeline, October 2016 until February 2017
Kick-Off Research Presentation Excursion and Workshop in Venice Concept Workshop and Presentation Design Workshop Mid-Term Presentation Final Presentation October
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Studio background The topic and location of the design studio Reporting from Venice was conceived as a response to the theme Reporting from the Front at the 15th International Architecture Exhibition La Biennale die Venezia 2016, curated by the Chilean architect Alejandro Aravena. After reading his curatorial statement: “There are several battles that need to be won and several frontiers that need to be expanded in order to improve the quality of the built environment and consequently people’s quality of life. More and more people in the planet are in search for a decent place to live and the conditions to achieve it are becoming tougher and tougher by the hour.”, and his appeal to the curators of national pavilions to unveil the fronts they are facing at home, we diverted the focus of the front to Venice. This unique heritage city hosting the Biennale, a massive architectural event which takes place biennially, is critically endangered by overtourism, which is seriously threatening the residents’ quality of everyday life. Reporting from Venice transposes Aravena’s central question to how architecture could play a relevant role in improving the quality of everyday life in the particular context of Venice, first by understanding the fronts of Venice and then designing proposals to report from.
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1 Tour at Tronchetto with Antonio Revedin 2 Tour at Ghetto/Sant’Alvise with Rally Prato 3 Tour at Giudecca with Carlo Trevisan and Re:Biennale 4 Tour at Piazzale Roma with Sergio Pascolo
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Local Experts For more relevant understanding of Transport, Communities and Housing in Venice, several local experts were invited to share their knowledge and expertise: Sergio Pascolo, architect, urbanist and author of the book Abitando Venezia (Reviving Venice), providing an in-depth knowledge on the historical development of Venice and its current realities; Carlo Trevisan, former president of Istituto Autonomo Case Popolari – IACP (Independent public housing Institute), giving insight into the past and current housing developments in Venice; Antonio Revedin, the head of Venice’s port authority, providing information on the strategic development of the port; and Giulio Grillo, architect and activist, co-founder of Re:Biennale, an association that reuses discarded materials after each Biennale to fix abandoned houses, drawing the attention to socio-political conflicts and potentials in Venice. Additional local experts gave guided tours to students researching on-site in Venice and guest critics Jana Revedin, professor at the École Spéciale d’Architecture in Paris, and Aljosa Dekleva, Ljubljana-based architect, programme head of the AA nanotourism Visiting School, and co-curator of the Slovenian pavilion at Biennale Architettura 2016, were invited to reflect on the initial student proposals. Preliminary research In preparation for the excursion and workshop in Venice, students carried out preliminary thematic research on Transport, Housing and Communities relating to 12 Thematic References selected from the exhibited presentations at the Venice Biennale 2016. In parallel, students carried out preliminary research on the Study Areas (Tronchetto/Piazzale Roma, Ghetto/Sant’Alvise, Sant’Elena or Giudecca) and selected readings. Excursion and workshop in Venice During the excursion and design workshop in Venice from 24.10–29.10.2016, both thematic and context research was intensified through intensive Biennale visits as well as the study areas explorations. Both were carefully conceived and played a central role in the design process of the studio. The kick-off lectures by local experts Sergio Pascolo, Carlo Trevisan, Antonio Revedin and Giulio Grillo marked the start of the workshop, with students gaining broad insight into historical and present realities of Venice regarding urban planning, housing, transport and sociopolitical aspects. Exploring the Venice Biennale with guided tours on selected thematic references prepared by the students allowed for participation and a peer-to-peer dissemination of knowledge. Guided tours by local experts at the selected study areas provided in-depth knowledge on local issues and potentials. By
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Thematic research at selected Biennale exhibitions: 1 Droneport, Foster + Partners, Arsenale 2 Places for People, Elke Delugan-Meissl, Austrian Pavilion, Giardini 3 Kumbh Mela, Rahul Mehrotra, Arsenale 4 West Village – Basis Yard, Liu Jiakun, Giardini 5 + 6 Home at Arsenale - curated library, Aljosa Dekleva, Tina Gregoric, dekleva gregoric architects, Slovenian Pavilion, Arsenale
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revisiting the study areas, students continued their research, focusing on context, atmospheres, architectural elements and built references related to their chosen design studio theme, in order to select the site in the most urgent need of their intervention. The workshop’s final presentations called for conceptual collages and statements illustrating the architectural responses on selected sites within the study area in addition to the curated research findings that infused the approaches. Potential strategies reporting from the fronts of Venice were discussed with Jana Revedin, Aljosa Dekleva and Giulio Grillo as external critics. The location of the design workshop was equally significant, as they took place in Laboratorio Occupato Spazio Morion and Magazzini del Sale, both locations appropriated by Venice activists of Re:Biennale. Informal talks with the activists allowed students to learn about ongoing debates in Venice that the activists were engaged in. Workshops in Vienna In the two intense design workshops held at TU Wien in Vienna, the on-site findings and conceptual visual and textual statements were further elaborated beyond spatial and social concepts into 23 architectural projects for Venice. Further process and final presentation The students continued to work in teams of two as part of three groups (16 students) each addressing one of the design studio themes of Transport, Housing and Communities in weekly desk-crits in order to articulate their initial concepts. The projects were then presented, exhibited and discussed with external jury members at the final presentation at the end of January 2017 at TU Wien. Summary and outlook Reporting from Venice aims to research contemporary Venice, its fronts, conflicts and potentials, as well as to elaborate research-based architectural projects that would positively impact the everyday lives of its inhabitants. Although unbuilt, the students design research projects with their reading of the city through Atmospheres, carefully documenting and cataloguing unique architectural Elements and responding with fresh proposals, opened up the fronts of Venice. In documenting the questions, process and responses, the present publication is intended to contribute to the shared knowledge on Venice. Biennale Archittetura 2016 was deliberately selected to perform both as a crucial learning ground on Transport, Housing and Communities and as a strongly curated event that challenged us to unveil the fronts of Venice to report from.
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2 1 Workshop at Magazzini del Sale, Venice 2 Final presentation with external jury members Anne Catherine Fleith and Werner Neuwirth, TU Wien
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Redefining Venice Sergio Pascolo
“Some men see things as they are, and say ‘Why?’ I dream things that never were and say, ‘Why not?’” Robert Kennedy
In Venice, the extraordinary is normality and normality is extraordinary. As we know it today, Venice is the product of a thousand-year development of a city of water, in water. Venice is like no other city because of its inherent compact nature and density, as well as its intrinsically pedestrian-orientated make-up—characteristics that still remain thanks to its island structure resisting pressure to change and spread out throughout the past century’s “modernization.” Despite this unusual history and the incredible beauty of the Lagoon city, its attractions and architecture, every year around one thousand people decide to abandon Venice. In doing so, they give up on living in one of the world’s most outstanding urban environments, built by people, for people. Venice has lost one hundred thousand out of one hundred and sixty thousand inhabitants since the Second World War. Meanwhile, there has been a symmetrical and exponential growth in tourism, which has reached thirty million visitors per year. This depopulation and mass tourism are destroying the economy, social structures and the very life of the city. The reality is that the flight of residents and invasion of tourists has been the catalyst for further loss: commerce and traditional crafts native to the area, as well as the gradual closure of the resident population’s local services. All of this, in turn, exacerbates the inconvenience suffered and difficulties faced by inhabitants, who are thus steadily departing. As for other art heritage cities, tourism was once a positive economic resource for Venice, but now the mass, global scale of it is pushing the city towards a monocultural econ-
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omy that, like in any monoculture, intrinsically conflicts with the very notion of a city and will destroy its future. The unavoidable and pressing challenge, therefore, is to rebuild an economic and productive system that is tailored to both the environmental and historical backdrops, as well as a sustainable future. This is why projects are truly needed, and they should not directly oppose or contrast, but instead complement the exceptional, delicate nature of this backdrop, consciously adopting and working in harmony with its values. We have identified a set of values that are key to everyday life and therefore to our planning vision: zero waste, an absence of the superfluous, pedestrian areas, proximity, sociability and comfortable co-existence, a slower pace of life, consideration of what time has to offer, quality time, resourcefulness, biodiversity, connected waterways, taking stock and looking after your health. These concepts are linked to spatial characteristics that influence the lives of individuals as well as society as a whole. They are connected to lifestyle and quality of life, and are real-life values that should be recognized and transformed into fundamental design values of the project. These revolve around the sustainability of specific transformation projects in Venice, the urban renewal program in general and accordingly at the same time and, broadly speaking, are relevant to us as the world’s inhabitants. The projects are necessary and will become effective if they work in synergy with each other within a framework centered on the same principles of the sustainability of the studied settlement patterns, connecting waterways, population and activity density, pedestrian areas and the social use of public spaces. They should propose ways of urban living that are known to promote the health, well-being and safety of residents. To ensure balance across the Lagoon settlement structure, some intervention, such as a new mixed-use district in Marghera and a cluster of small-scale operations on the islands and smaller areas, should be strategically considered. At the same time the regeneration of some parts of the historic island city adjacent to the bridgehead, today used solely as an interchange and logistics hub, is potentially fundamental. We are talking here about the entire western sector of the island city, including the area from Piazzale Roma to the area around Stazione Marittima, the area between the gasometer and the Scomenzera Canal, the entire port area and the island of Tronchetto. All of these represent a significant opportunity for transformation in harmony with the city’s future sustainability plan. Venice, which has always been a productive city, could be completely redefined as a magnet for production, research Redefining Venice
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and innovation in social, environmental and existential human sciences through a sequence of targeted, cohesive projects as part of an interlinked overall strategy. Combining history, the arts, digital technology and environmental innovation together with the city’s own unique make-up, Venice could become a hub of sustainability. It could be an international crossroads in terms of knowledge and communication —a city of the future, bursting with life.
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Design Studio – Themes Thomas Amann & Tina Gregoric
Could one put forward architectural propositions that would help transform Venice from a transitory space to a place of interaction? What kind of interventions to the complex network of public transport on water and land would open up new potentials? How can the nodes of this network generate added value for the everyday life in Venice and become operative as spaces of interaction and communication? The design studio Reporting from Venice: Transport aimed to find concrete answers to these and other questions. The identity of Venice is closely connected to the specific system of transport and movement in the city. Arriving in Venice is precisely marked by the moment of switching from land to water; from car or train to either the Vaporetti (water busses) or a private boat. It’s the absence of cars and the omnipresence of the water that define the uniqueness of the city. The labyrinthine network of alleys, squares and waterways works as a complex system with a subtle hierarchy, connecting paths and knots, initiating social and sometimes even physical interaction. Orientation within this network is at the same time challenging and rewarding. Getting lost is not a problem, it presents a potential to experience the unknown. In architectural terms, transportation in Venice can, based on its density, be described as “circulation”. Narrow alleys and squares create spatial situations between the inside and the outside, elements like bridges or canals simultaneously operate on the level of the urban and the architectural. The double role of Rialto Bridge is one such prominent example, performing as a building, hosting a shopping area and providing public space on one hand, while representing an important element of urban infrastructure which connects the neighborhoods of San Marco and San Polo on the other.
Design Studio – Themes: Transport
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1 Canals as main transportation routes 2 Temporary bridge at Festa del Redentore, Canale della Giudecca 3 Biennale exhibit: Carpinteira Pedestrian Bridge, Covhila, 2009
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Relating to curator Alejandro Aravena’s theme Reporting from the front, the aim of the design studio was to identify such “fronts” in Venice, and to productively transform these problems into potentials. Therefore, the first task for the students was to understand the complexity and characteristics on the level of the network itself. What or who is connected or disconnected? And what are the spatial and social qualities, problems and potentials that come with these existing conditions? Acting as an interface between Venice and the world, the area of Tronchetto and Piazzale Roma is a place for cars, busses, ships and goods of all kinds, but certainly not for pedestrians. It is a true hub of extreme public space with more than evident everyday problems equally affecting locals and visitors. Since the future of cruise ships in Venice is still uncertain, the potential to what has so far been no more than the city’s back-yard is unknown and hidden. While the center of Venice around San Marco square is literally flooded with tourists every day, rendering daily life almost impossible, other parts of the city like Ghetto, Sant’Elena or Giudecca are relatively disconnected from this touristic “state of exception”, making them practically secluded areas of peace and silence on the one hand, but areas with little to no public or social infrastructure on the other. The design studio participants were asked to investigate and understand these specific areas and then propose a challenging intervention to expand the architecture’s role in the issue of transport. Infrastructural projects have an inherent task to address public issues due to their size and impact, some case studies exhibited at Biennale Architettura 2016 were therefore proposed to be examined. A pedestrian bridge in Covilha, Portugal (João Luís Carrilho da Graça, 2011) and the Gaia cable car, also in Portugal (Menos é Mais, 2012), both proved that infrastructural projects should not only fulfil technical or infrastructural demands, but rather radically improve the public space and life in a city. Again, Rialto bridge gives ultimate architectural testimony to a culture and tradition for these issues in the city of Venice. Comparing the more “recent” infrastructural additions to Venice, such as the ever-present Vaporetto stops and the new cable car on Tronchetto, to Carlo Scarpa’s meticulously crafted Biennale ticket booth in front of Giardini (1951-52), or to the recent BUS:STOP initiative (2014) in the Austrian region of Bregenzerwald (where internationally renowned architects designed seven unique bus shelters in close collaboration with local architects and craftsmen), one questions if this culture of addressing infrastructure as an important issue on the urban, architectural, but also artistic and social level, got lost somewhere along the way.
Design Studio – Themes: Transport
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The projects developed within the theme of Transport are possible answers to the specific problems identified in the four study areas—Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto, Ghetto/ Sant’Alvise, Sant’Elena and Giudecca—and to the culture and tradition of transport in Venice in general. Based on their rich past, they arise from the status quo of a shrinking, aging local community, but are also optimistic projections of what the future of the city may hold. All proposals operate on two levels—the urban as part of the network and the architectural—but differ substantially in their actual size and scope, from micro-interventions to major infrastructural projects, from radical statements to more straight-forward ideas. The common ground for all projects is the importance of infrastructure as a generator for public space and the interpretation of infrastructure as a starting point for local engagement, not frozen or finalized, but rather an impulse for further development. They rethink or reuse existing infrastructures, investigate new means of mobility, add new links to the existing fabric and above all stimulate social interactions and public life in the city.
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Design Studio – Themes Fabian Wallmüller & Tina Gregoric
Venice, one of Europe’s top tourist destinations, is currently facing 25 million tourists a year, a fact that has radically changed the city in the recent decades. While Venice has lost 65% of its population over the past 60 years, the city today receives up to 167,000 visitors a day during peak activities, with only 67,800 residents effectively living in the city. Only 25% of all people frequenting Venice during peak times are permanently living in the UNESCO listed city, whereas second home residents and students account for merely 3%, and commuters for 9%.1 With the upraise of mass tourism, the use of built infrastructure in Venice has changed significantly. Private residences have increasingly been turned into hotels and vacation homes, raising real estate prices that drive even more Venetians to leave the city. Many landmark buildings have been turned into grand hotels, retail spaces or museums. Such examples include: the Punta della Dogana, a former sea customs house that has been restored and repurposed as a contemporary art museum by Tadao Ando in 2013; the Fondazione dei Tedeschi, the historic seat of German traders, an ex-customs house and post office that has been turned into an upscale shopping mall by OMA in 2016; and former flour mill Molino Stucky on Giudecca that has been transformed into a Hilton hotel in 2007. In the face of such developments, all while acknowledging the fact that up to 5.000 visitors are brought into the city by each large cruise ship, it is not surprising that Venice has recently introduced an additional tourist tax, which is openly declared as an “entrance fee” to the city. In April 2018, for the first time in the history of Venice, barriers were erected to direct the crowds near the Santa Lucia train station, as well as between St. Mark’s Square and Rialto, letting only locals pass.2 “Kill the tourist”3 graffiti and perpetual “No Grandi
1 Foscari, Giulia (2014): Elements of Venice. Zurich: Lars Müller Publishers. p. 144
2 Temsch, Jochen (2019): “Ausverkauft”. URL: https:// www.sueddeutsche.de/ reise/tourismus-staedtereisen-overtourism1.4339797?reduced=true [24.2.2019] 3 URL: www.europeforvisitors.com/venice/articles/ top-tourist-mistakes-10.html [15.08.2019]
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1 Overtourism in Venice, Riva degli Schiavoni 2 No grandi navi, protest against giant cruise ships 3 The Theater of the useFULL, Rural Studio, Biennale 2016
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Navi” protests against large cruise ships illustrate the increasing environmental concerns and the deepening social gap between local residents and tourists. It seems evident therefore that one of the most crucial fronts in Venice runs alongside communities that concurrently frequent Venice today: between Venetians and tourists, cultural enthusiasts and seasonal workers, students and the homeless. This social front may be found in places where people meet physically, but not socially: at the places of departure and arrival, the interfaces between the facades and the backstage areas of the tourist industry, the borderlines between the exceptional and the ordinary, between the star attractions and the hidden spaces. Could architecture play a relevant role in this context, and generate additional value from the parallel existence of different communities? Could architecture create spaces that would transform Venice from a transitory space to a place of interaction, community and home? What spatial, programmatic and social potentials could diverse communal spaces provide to the different communities of Venice? In answering these challenges, numerous presentations at the Biennale Architettura 2016 were selected as important points of reference, featuring architecture as a strategic tool to promote social cohesion. The presentation Water, Public Space, and Urban Violence on the Columbian city of Medellín proved that the implementation of high-quality public facilities in areas of explicit social conflicts may have an extraordinarily positive effect by attracting groups of different social backgrounds. “Integration” was the motto of the German pavilion’s presentation Making Heimat. Germany, Arrival Country that, at the peak of 2015/2016’s refugee movement to Europe, asked for conditions in architecture and urban planning to integrate migrants and local residents alike. It postulated that ghettos are not necessarily regarded as a negative, but are also understood as a chance to establish networks among migrants and may help them to successfully settle down in a specific place. It seems equally evident that these places must provide conditions for migrants to develop, for meeting people of different social backgrounds and eventually leaving the ghetto. This directly relates to questions in architecture and urban planning, like the need for urban density, excellent public transport and high-quality educational institutions, but also affordable built infrastructure that may easily be adapted according to changing needs. Other presentations at the Biennale featured the making of architecture as a tool of social interaction, making people meet and collaborate. Places for People, a presentation at the Austrian pavilion, documented temporary shelters for refugees that aimed at creating positive social effects by
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integrating migrants in the process of construction. Projects by Assemble and Rural Studio, both exhibited as part of the main exhibition at the Arsenale, featured the process of planning and construction as an instrument of social coherence by empowering inhabitants as authors of their own habitat. Rural Studio in collaboration with Re:Biennale conceived the installation The Theater of the useFULL with emergency beds for homeless in Venice that were bought to be given to the homeless after the closing of the Biennale, creating environmental and social sustainability. “The greatest added value of the project turned out to be the growing social network of organizers and collaborators”, was the statement of the presentation æctivators at the Hungarian pavilion that focused on the transformation of an abandoned building in the Hungarian town of Eger into an office space for young architects. Built in collaboration with local students and convicts, the process of construction became even more important than the building itself. Similar experiences were highlighted in the presentation we need it–we do it at the Croatian pavilion, featuring the transformation of existing, unfinished structures in Croatia into places for artistic, cultural and social programs. By constantly transforming the architectural space through interactions and interventions, architecture was intended to stem from a specific problem, and not a defined project, integrating different users, their knowledge and experience in an ongoing process. Students of Reporting from Venice: Communities reflected on the above-mentioned architectural and urbanistic strategies to raise social cohesion in several ways. Addressing the needs of local residents, WaterforVenice proposes an Olympic-sized swimming pool on the island of Tronchetto - a grand public infrastructure for an underdeveloped area. Living Boundaries proposes a variety of community facilities—such as a library, a climbing hall, a theatre and a pool—around a hidden park in Sant’Alvise neighborhood. The Flex proposes a place for gathering with like-minded people, implementing a floating platform docked on the shores of Ghetto designed with a high flexibility to allow simultaneous use by diverse user groups. Generating social processes by negotiating different usage scenarios was the focus of The EVERYtool, featuring a swimming platform that may land at different locations in order to evoke site-specific activities. Activators suggests upgrading a little plaza on Giudecca to create an activated public space for locals and tourists alike. Finally, Market+ carefully and cleverly transforms large existing buildings at the interface of the islands of Sant’Elena and San Pietro di Castello into a new center for trade, culture and leisure.
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Design Studio – Themes Katharina Urbanek & Tina Gregoric
Where and how could architecture propose living spaces that would help transform Venice from a primarily transitory space to a place of home? How could these places of home be formulated to fit varying needs—from overnight lodging and seasonal accommodation to homes for an entire life? Can their re-interpretation create synergies and added value? How can architecture take a stance against the issue of housing affordability caused by overtourism? And could it challenge Venice’s singular character to bridge the gap between the locals and visitors? Any process of research and design of housing in Venice has to start with its unique context. The limited space of the Venetian islands, the density of the urban fabric, the rich architectural heritage, the absence of cars, the omnipresence of water and an abundance of tourists create an ambiguous and complex situation for any new housing project in the city. In contrast to its richness and density, Venice is indeed a shrinking city, visited today by 25 million tourists a year—and losing about 1000 residents at the same time.1 If this tendency continues, Venice would become a merely scenographic heritage city in the next few decades. Mass tourism is ultimately linked to the city’s population shrinking, since the transformation of countless apartments into tourist accommodation creates enormous pressure on the housing market. The loss of its effective population leads to a rapid decrease of infrastructure for daily life, which—together with the obvious challenges of much of the existing housing structure: humidity, lack of sunlight, etc.—continues to make living in Venice ever more demanding. If we join the concerned residents of Venice and some professionals in their quest to help revive it, we must ask ourselves what kind of spatial and social answers might be found when proposing locations and designing housing? We anticipate concrete unique concepts and strategies for collective housing typologies, which are deeply rooted in Venice’s characteristic context. Could the specifics of these prototypes provide knowledge for social housing in other carless cities of Europe?
1 Ghiglione, Giorgio (2018): “Occupy Venice: ´We are the alternative to the death of the city´”. URL: www.theguardian. com/cities/2018/sep/13/ occupy-venice-alternative-to-death-of-city-activists-tourism [12.12.2018]
Though recognized mainly for its impressive palazzi, Venice also has a long-standing tradition of social housing developments. Several large housing quarters, such as Sant’Elena and Sacca San Girolamo, were designed by Paolo Bertanza and constructed between the 1920s and ‘40s under the fas-
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1 Yokohama Apartment, ON design partners, 2009, Japan Pavilion, Biennale 2016 2 Swimming Cities of Serenissima, Swoon, 2009 3 IACP residental complex, Gino Valle, Giudecca, 1980–86
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cist regime.2 However, the city council commission to Gino Valle for affordable collective housing in Giudecca marks its major contribution to contemporary housing with radical typologies and an immensely attentive contextual approach. Gino Valle’s IACP project (1980–86) with roughly 90 dwellings rethinks density to propose systematic design with unique atmospheres, materials and light. Remarkable architectural quality merges with outstanding social agendas that readdress the importance of the individual within a collective. The crucial reference built on-site evokes Aldo Rossi’s statement: “The singularity of any work grows together with its locus and its history, which themselves presuppose the existence of the architectural artifact.”3 Several other projects from the period of the 1980s and ‘90s, when a number of international competitions were held for social housing, especially on Giudecca, served as additional points of reference for the design studio. They were examined with a critical regard, so as to enter in and contribute to an ongoing discourse. One of the projects in Campo di Marte on Giudecca, realized by Alvaro Siza 1983–86 (which remains unfinished), was prominently addressed by the curators of the Portuguese Pavilion on-site as part of Biennale Architettura 2016. Its adjacent social housing buildings were designed by Rafael Moneo and Aldo Rossi and resulted from the same competition. While Vittorio Gregotti conceived collective housing on the location of the abandoned Saffa factory in Cannaregio (1981–2001), the most recent renewal of an abandoned industrial site took place on Guidecca once more: the area of the former Junghans factory was developed into a residential complex by competition winner Cino Zucchi, who designed five social housing projects, among others.
2 Noeske, Jannik (2018): „Die Neuerfindung der Lagunenstadt.“ URL: https://www.bauwelt.de/ dl/1306338/Die-Neuerfindung-der-Lagunenstadt-Venedig-WohnungsbauFaschismus-Moderne-Altstadt.pdf [12.12.2018]
3 Rossi, Aldo (1982): The Architecture of the City. Cambridge: The MIT Press. p. 127
Today, the burning question of affordable housing in Venice is primarily negotiated on platforms other than those of official policies, and are instead influenced by several grassroots movements. When on the occasion of the Biennale Architettura 2016 Rural Studio in their project The Theater of the useFULL cooperated with the local organization Assemblea Sociale per la Casa (ASC) providing material and furniture for homeless, they unmistakably linked the biggest international architecture exhibition to the front right on its doorstep. The project also generated attention for the ongoing efforts of Re:Biennale, an association that uses discarded materials after each Biennale for participative urban regeneration projects. Working since 2008, Re:Biennale, a partner in this studio, has increasingly focused on fixing occupied apartments. Operating in a field spanning from official policies to activism, housing in Venice needs rethinking. Several projects exhibited at Biennale Architettura 2016 were chosen as potential references to explore diverse approaches and
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strategies. As we learnt from those examples, the question of housing in Venice can be tackled on various scales: from the size of a bedframe to a project on an urban scale. Sharing economies seem to provide a new array of possibilities, though presenting their own particular issues and limits. As Yoshiyuki Yamana, the curator of en:art of nexus at the Japanese Pavilion, formulated: “In times where loss is present, we have to accept communities of sharing, not only lifestyles and values, also spatial structures and common spaces.� Home Economics at the British Pavilion exposed the factor of time as part of five specific propositions for Hours, Days, Months, Years and Decades. Time-related understanding of home and dwelling should play a significant role when rethinking housing in Venice. Home at Arsenale at the Slovenian Pavilion in Arsenale challenged the private/public dichotomy within the dwelling domain. It proposed the concept of home as a public curated library that operates as a platform for exploring the notions of home and dwelling, within the current critical social and environmental conditions. The project suggests further potentials of sharing with temporary transformation of the private home into a possible public venue and vice versa. This design studio addressed the question of the duration of residence and the specific relation between the public and the private realm. What kind of homes would have an impact on the current conditions of the city? How could visionary housing projects react to and improve everyday life in the specific areas of Venice? And how would the residents connect to local communities and infrastructures? Eight projects were carried out within this design studio, reporting from different but interdependent fronts, together they create a kaleidoscopic insight into the housing issue in Venice. They report from the threat of mass tourism, the thinning out of infrastructure, the privatization of attractive (free) space, vacancies in more remote areas or the ambiguities of the heritage of social housing. On the social level, the projects address diverse user groups such as students, cultural tourists, long-term temporary residents, craftsmen, gardeners and self-suppliers, the elderly and people with reduced mobility. They seek to trigger new micro-economies, integrating additional program within their housing structures: rooms to let, small bistros, ateliers, spaces for production, markets, co-working spaces, mini-markets etc. The spatial proposals of the projects vary concerning their scale and their relation of the single unit to the overall project. Ranging from a series of implants in vacant ground floor spaces to an urban development project adjoining an existing social housing quarter, the projects center around a common theme of compact private units and more or less generous spaces of sharing, be it in the form of a multi-story community house or ensembles of radical vertical detached houses.
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Design Studio – Research
Due to the strong relation of the design studio to the discourse pursued by Reporting from the Front, the Venice Biennale 2016 played a central role in the thematic research of the semester. By studying 12 selected exhibitions of the Biennale relating to the design studio themes of transport, communities and housing, students were invited to analyze the current debate the exhibitions were referring to, to detect potentials of the exhibitions in terms of inno-
vation, as well as to identify relevant exhibition contents that could be found at the selected study area. Thematic research was also carried out preliminarily by reading the Biennale catalog and visiting the Biennale.
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Thematic References
Architect: NLÉ, Kunlé Adeyemi Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Makoko Floating School / MFS II Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Lagos, Nigeria, 2013
Makoko Floating School is a prototype originally developed for Lagos, Nigeria. It is part of ongoing research on buildings for African regions that are exposed to unpredictable flooding. Combining prefabrication technologies and hands-on detailing, it can be assembled at different waterfronts in just a few days. The prototype was further developed as MSFII for the Venice Biennale.
Architect: Arturo Vittori / Architecture and Vision Ethiopia Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: The Warka Water Project Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Ethiopia, 2015
Warka Water Project combines an infrastructural need— clean drinking water—with the social need of a public space for local communities in Ethiopian villages. While on the one hand a tool to collect and prepare drinking water, it is inspired by the local Warka tree: an important element of the local ecosystem and a place for social gatherings. Researched and presented by students: Josephine Herrmann Insa Höhne Peter Jakowitsch Lena Krautgartner
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Architect: João Luís Carrilho da Graça Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Carpinteira Pedestrian Bridge Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Covhilã, Portugal, 2009
Along the distance of 200 meters, Carpinteira Pedestrian Bridge winds above a valley in Portugal, drawing a horizontal line into the landscape. It provides not only a new connection between two sides of the valley, but also a new way to experience the particular topography it is set into.
Architect: Menos é Mais Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Gaia Cable Car Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Porto, Portugal, 2011
A large-scale infrastructural project in Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, the Gaia Cable Car connects the Duoro riverfront with the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Serra do Pilar. While the architecture of the lower station is confidently pragmatic and simple, the upper station almost invisibly blends into an existing buttressed wall. Researched and presented by students: Theresa Brock Saly Elbasiouny Nicolas Grabenbauer Sabrina Kerber
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Thematic References
Author: Rahul Mehrotra Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Kumbh Mela Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Allahabad, India, 2013
Raoul Mehrotra is analyzing and documenting “Kumbh Mela,” a religious festival that takes place every twelve years in Allahabad, India. A temporary megacity with up to seven million inhabitants, Kumbh Mela works as a case study on how to respond to massive migration towards cities.
Architect: Andrew Makin Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Warwick Triangle Exhibition location: Giardini Location: Dunbar, South Africa, 1996
Warwick Triangle, the largest transportation and trading hub in Durban, accommodates up to half a million people every day. The aim of the transformation led by Andrew Makin was to tackle the problem of a rising crime rate by improving, reconnecting and reprogramming existing infrastructures. Researched and presented by students: Leona Asrin Palantöken Erita Tahirsylaj Marius Valente
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Architect: Liu Jiakun Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: West Village – Basis Yard Exhibition location: Giardini Location: Chengdu, China, 2015
A huge, multifunctional complex located in Chengdu, China, the project aims to revitalize the public life of its surrounding communities. Covering an entire city block, it integrates multiple programs including sports, leisure, and artistic activities. A ramp, entwining the whole yard, connects each floor and functions as a running and cycling path.
Architect: Foster + Partners Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Droneport Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Rwanda, 2016
The Droneport project is investigating the potential of drones for medical transport in rural regions of Africa. Built as vaulted brick structures with a minimum footprint, Droneports would allow for the safe landing of drones in dense areas, and would incorporate health care facilities and other public infrastructures. Researched and presented by students: Ketian Deng Emre Kacar Xiaoxiao Ma Pinar Pakfiliz
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Thematic References
Curator: Elke Delugan-Meissl Project: Places for People Exhibition location: Austrian Pavilion, Giardini Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
Set against the background of the refugee movement towards Europe in 2015/2016, the exhibition presents projects for temporary shelter for refugees realized in Vienna, offering privacy as well as spaces for communication. In all of the projects, the process of realization is understood as a tool to create new social relations.
Curator: TAMasociati Project: Taking Care Exhibition location: Italian Pavilion, Arsenale Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
Presenting a common action program for Italy’s peripheries, the exhibition draws attention to sharing strategies, bottom-up approaches and processes of appropriation that may lead to a new paradigm of “circular processes” and “usefulness” as a benchmark for future architects and designers. Researched and presented by students: Virginia Deppe Setenay Dogan Tin Jelavic Domagoj Osrecak
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Architect: Rural Studio Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: The Theater of the useFULL Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
Rural Studio explores the integration of architecture students and the local community in order to realize community-oriented projects. In their installation “The Theater of the useFULL,” Rural Studio exhibited furniture for homeless people in Venice that was given to them after the Biennale closed.
Curator: Gábor Fábián, Dénes Fajcsák Project: aectivators Exhibition location: Hungarian Pavilion, Giardini Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
The exhibition presents the transformation of an abandoned building in the Hungarian town of Eger into an office space for young architects. Built in collaboration with local students and convicts, the process of construction became even more important than the building itself. Researched and presented by students: Marina Anton Peiying Han Zhehan Lin Alexandra Marin Yunze Shi
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Thematic References
Architect: Grupo EPM (Public Companies of Medellín) Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Water Tanks Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Medellín, Colombia, 2015
By turning water cisterns in Medellín into high quality public spaces, EPM, in collaboration with the City of Medellín, succeeded in turning some of the most dangerous areas of the city into popular, highly frequented, new open spaces.
Architect: Assemble Studio Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Baltic Street Adventure Playground Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Glasgow, Scotland, 2014
Assemble questions the way we build our cities and the role citizens may play. In their projects, Assemble aims at empowering local people as authors of their own habitat by integrating them in interventions in and the formation of public space, amenities and services. Researched and presented by students: Verena Kößl Dilara Ceren Oylum Carmen Trifina Berna Uzun
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Curator: Oliver Elser Project: Making Heimat Exhibition location: German Pavilion, Giardini Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
At the peak of the 2015/2016 refugee movement to Europe, the exhibition asks for conditions in architecture and urban planning in order to integrate migrants and local residents alike. For the exhibition, the German pavilion was radically opened to the public by cutting large holes in the walls of the pavilion that had been built under Nazi regime in the 1930s.
Curator: Dinko Peračić Project: we need it – we do it Exhibition location: Croatian Pavilion, Arsenale Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
By transforming three existing, unfinished structures in Croatia into places for artistic, cultural and social programs, the architectural shape of these buildings is constantly transformed by interactions and minor interventions. Architecture is intended to start from a specific problem, not an already defined project, integrating users, their knowledge and experience. Researched and presented by students: Melanie Grasl Kathrin Khan Dorukhan Sakar Nina Winkler
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Thematic References
Curator: Yoshiyuki Yamana Project: En: Art of Nexus Exhibition location: Japanese Pavilion, Giardini Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
The topic of the exhibition is the so-called engawa, the outdoor space of a traditional Japanese house. 12 projects emphasize its transformation from a space where the family would meet visitors to a shared space of new communities.
Architect: Christian Kerez Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Learning from the Favelas Exhibition location: Giardini Location: São Paulo, Brazil, 2016
The Porto Seguro Social Housing project in São Paulo, Brazil consists of 450 unique units. It is based on the research of rules and structures within the self-produced environment of the Jardim Colombo favela. Researched and presented by students: Tinco Flavius Matthias Heytmanek Sebastian Hofer Petra Veljkovic
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Curators: Shumi Bose, Jack Self, Finn Williams Project: Home Economics Exhibition location: British Pavilion, Giardini Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
The exhibition is designed around how much time we spend in the home. It gathers five 1:1 interiors dedicated to incremental amounts of time: Hours, Days, Months, Years, and Decades. They seek to challenge the status quo and propose new futures for the home.
Curators: Nuno Grande, Roberto Cremascoli Project: NEIGHBOURHOOD: Where Álvaro Meets Aldo Exhibition location: Portuguese Pavilion, Giudecca Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
The Portuguese contribution is installed at Siza’s unfinished social housing project, Campo di Marte, on Giudecca. It consists of three parts: a documentation of the original competition, four portraits of housing projects by Siza in European cities, and the continuous conversation of Siza and Aldo Rossi. Researched and presented by students: Fabio Daniele Adam Gajdoš Hannah Geskes Anatol Murek Bogislav
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Thematic References
Architect: LAN Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Urban Renovation Exhibition location: Giardini Location: Lormont, France, 2015
The contribution shows two housing projects in France that start from opposite ends of the spectrum at the periphery: the tabula rasa situation and the urban renovation. In both cases, the challenge is to achieve enough density while rethinking the notion of collective dwelling and human scale.
Architect: Rural Urban Framework Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Ulaanbaatar Ger Settlement Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2014
The project shown is an intervention in the periphery of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, where thousands of former nomads have been settling in hopes of better living conditions. It provides urban amenities such as garbage collection or a bus stop, and seeks to integrate the energy of nomadic traditions. Researched and presented by students: Julia Dorn Charlotte Flach Linda Stix Melanie Wiedenbauer
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Architects/ Curators: dekleva gregoric architects/ Aljosa Dekleva, Tina Gregoric Project: Home at Arsenale - curated library Exhibition location: Slovenian Pavilion, Arsenale Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
The contribution is a 1:1, site-specific, inhabitable, spatial wooden structure, an abstract home performing as a curated library. Invited architects, artists, critics and curators are participating with their selection of some ten books addressing the notions of home and dwelling to share their experience and expertise.
Architect: BeL Sozietät für Architektur Curator: Alejandro Aravena Project: Neubau Exhibition location: Arsenale Location: Venice, Italy, 2016
The Neubauproject links the present challenges in the field of housing in Germany—the provision of central affordable living space open for all different cultures—to the domestic architecture programs in Germany after 1946. It shows four large models of speculative self-built neighborhoods combining a planned framework with the initiative of non-professional home owners. Researched and presented by students: Valerio Alvarez Lara Baler Gregor Mljac Sophie Siebing
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Design Studio – Research
In approaching the study area as well as the specific site for an architectural project, context research was based not only on preliminary readings on Venice and the specific study area, but also on research on site, including walks, live interviews, sketches, video and photography. Students addressed various questions like the role of the study site in Venice, its history, morphologic characteristics and building typologies, but also materials, programs,
activities and user groups. Research included relevant data on the study area in terms of statistics, but also empiric analyses of routes, places of social separation or interaction, conflicts, needs and potentials. In conclusion to the context research, a specific site was selected within the study area, where an architectural project synthesizing the results of the context research could be located.
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Siteplan with study areas 1 Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto 2 Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 3 Sant’Elena 4 Giudecca
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Study Areas
Tronchetto is the most recent and most western of Venice’s islands, created in the 1960s in order to tackle the rising number of tourists entering the city. Together with Piazzale Roma, the island today is the central hub for all modes of transport, featuring a bus terminal, large car parking decks as well as several ferry terminals, all interconnected by the Venice People Mover, a public transport system linking Tronchetto island and Piazzale Roma. 1
Tronchetto and Piazzale Roma are classic transitory spaces, yet they have high potential to change into places of interaction between different user groups that frequent the islands today.
1 URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tronchetto [28.3.2019]
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1 + 2 Cruise Ship Terminal 3 Dock; Vaporetto stop Santa Marta (background) 4 Venice People Mover 5 Taxi pick-up/drop-off zone 6 Trees taking over parking lot
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Study Areas
Area: 711,339 m² Perimeter: 8,655 m Population 2011: 52 Population 1991: 238 Population density 2011: 73.1 Average age: 39.2 Canals: 7 Bridges: 16 Hotels: 5 Hotel beds: 126 Parkinglots: 7,880 URL: https://islands.veniceprojectcenter.org/index.html? Numero=304 [10.4.2019]
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Study Areas
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise define a historic, highly urban, yet offside area in the city quarter of Cannaregio, located at the very northern edge of the city. The area is characterized by a strong Jewish community who has particularly inhabited the island of Ghetto since the 16th century.1 Despite its immediate vicinity to main touristic tracks, Ghetto and Sant’Alvise have developed a soft, high quality tourism that is quite unusual for Venice. Towards the north, the
area transforms into predominately residential areas that feature local amenities such as a swimming pool, a soccer field or a park. Still, Ghetto and Sant’Alvise could better profit from their attractive location at the northern coastline of the city, turning its peripheral position into a new place of interest.
1 URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghetto_(Venedig) [28.3.2019]
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1 Campo del Ghetto Nuovo 2 Rio del Battello, Calle de Forner 3 Rio de la Sensa, Fondamenta de la Sensa 4 Rio de Sant’Alvise, Fondamenta Riformati 5 Rio San Girolamo, Rio del Battello 6 Sacca San Girolamo residential complex
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Study Areas
Area: 370,799 m² Perimeter: 7,964 m Population 2011: 6,284 Population 1991: 8,153 Population density 2011: 16,947 Average age: 49.1 Canals: 14 Bridges: 26 Hotels: 68 Hotel beds: 648 URL: https://islands.veniceprojectcenter.org/index.html? Numero=304 [10.4.2019]
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1 Sacca San Girolamo residential complex 2 San Girolamo housing quarter 3 Ship repair 4 Casa dell’Ospitalità 5 Sport center, Piscina Sant’Alvise 6 Ferry Terminal 7 Campo del Ghetto Nuovo 8 Rio Terà San Leonardo
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Study Areas
Located at the very eastern end of Venice, the island of Sant’Elena was created during the fascist regime from the 1920s on. Characterized mainly by residential settlements of the 1930s, Sant’Elena also features parts of the Giardini della Biennale, the Venice stadium, a naval school, a marina and the docks of the local transport facility ACTV that are intended to be replaced by new housing developments in the future. Due to its remote location and an
aging population, Sant’Elena offers few attractions for local residents and tourists alike.1 However, the island could create added value by linking different communities frequenting the island today, particularly local residents and visitors of the Biennale.
1 URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sant%E2%80%99Elena_(Insel) [28.3.2019]
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6 1 Parco delle Rimembranze 2 Tabaccheria, Calle Franco Passarella 3 Backside of Soccer Stadium Pier Luigi Penzo 4 Calle Generale Chinotto 5 Viale Piave S. Elena, Parco delle Rimembranze 6 Viale Vitorio Veneto, view to Giardini della Biennale and San Giorgio Maggiore (background)
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Study Areas Area: 325,855 m² Perimeter: 4,307 m Population 2011: 1,879 Population 1991: 2,423 Population density 2011: 5,766 Average age: 57.7 Canals: 4 Bridges: 8 Hotels: 3 Hotel beds: 156 Soccerfans: 3,500 Open Space/Park: 68,890 URL: https://islands.veniceprojectcenter.org/index.html? Numero=304 [10.4.2019]
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Study Areas
Giudecca is the most southern of Venice’s islands, separated from the city center by Canale della Giudecca, the main waterway for ferry ships landing in Tronchetto. Giudecca is characterized by historic as well as contemporary housing developments that have come to a stop due to the continuously decreasing population of Venice in the past decades. The island nonetheless offers large land reserves as well as highly attractive, yet unused spots,
particularly at the its southern coastline, that could give reason for future urban developments.
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6 1 Fondamenta Sant’Eufemia, view to the east 2 Calle Ospizio 3 Campo di Marte Social Housing, Aldo Rossi, 1986–93 4 IACP residential complex, Gino Valle, 1980–86 5 Calle Convertite, Women’s Prison (background) 6 Boat dock, south side of Giudecca, view towards the lagoon
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Study Areas
Area: 275,812 m² Perimeter: 5,549 m Population 2011: 2,422 Population 1991: 2,271 Population density 2011: 8,781 Average age: 41.8 Canals: 8 Bridges: 12 Hotels: 14 Hotel beds: 325 URL: https://islands.veniceprojectcenter.org/index.html? Numero=304 [10.4.2019]
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8 5 7 6
4
1 Molino Stucky Hotel 2 Fondamenta Sant’Eufemia 3 Ferry Terminal 4 Junghans Area 5 Calle Cosmo 6 Women’s Prison 7 Abandoned factory 8 IACP residential complex, Gino Valle, 1980–86
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Design Studio – Research
As part of the context research, students were invited to photograph specific atmospheres on their study site relating to the design studio theme chosen. The photographs illustrated a personal reading on the overlap of the design studio theme and the study area chosen, potentially pointing at a vision of an architectural project to be developed.
Design Studio – Research: Atmospheres
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Atmospheres
Giudecca 1 to 20
Giudecca 1 to 100
Giudecca 1 to 500
Untitled
Untitled
Untitled
Adam Gajdos Matthias Heytmanek
Design Studio – Research: Atmospheres
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Late night shopping
Healthy living
Near & far
View
Without a plan
Taking a breather
Tin Jelavic Asrin Palantoeken
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Atmospheres
Historical vs. modern
Restricted area
Welcome to Venice
Connection of pathways and bridges
Open view of the northern coast
Enough space for water
Charlotte Flach Ketian Deng
Design Studio – Research: Atmospheres
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New standards for an ancient city
Venetian view
Conquering the gaps
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 1
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 2
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 3
Valerio Alvarez Kathrin Khan
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Atmospheres
Vacancy
Vacancy
Vacancy
Activate the inside
Inside
Outside
Petra Veljkovic Zhehan Lin
Design Studio – Research: Atmospheres
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Floating boundaries
Connecting
Meeting point
Shopping street
Wide pathway
Watershore connection
Nina Winkler Emre Kacar
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Atmospheres
Combining history with contemporary
Gathering
Playful
Entrance illusion
Neighborhood
Giudecca streets
Alexandra Marin Fabio Daniele
Design Studio – Research: Atmospheres
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Boundaries
Local neighbourhood
South side of Giudecca
Community
Density
Prohibition
Hannah Geskes Josephine Hermann
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Atmospheres
No pain, no gain
Socializing
Welcome
Ocean view
Park
Residential housing
Domagoj Osrecak Flavius Tinco
Design Studio – Research: Atmospheres
82
Arrival – departure
Potential
Barriers
Connection
Main
Parking
Linda Stix Pinar Pakfiliz
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Design Studio – Research
Relating to the design studio theme chosen, students analyzed architectonical elements referring to spatial, social, programmatic or material issues of each theme. The researched elements were collected in a catalog, serving as a knowledge pool in the development of architectural projects.
Design Studio – Research: Elements
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Windows Balconies Fences Bridges Entrances Sections Docks Shoreline Markets Sotoporteghi
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Elements Sebastian Hofer, Matthias Heytmanek, Flavius Tinco, Petra Veljkovic
Design Studio – Research: Elements
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Scale 1:100
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Elements Julia Dorn, Charlotte Flach, Linda Stix, Melanie Wiedenbauer
Design Studio – Research: Elements
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Scale 1:100
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Elements Leona Asrin Palantsken, Erita Tahirsylaj, Marius Valente
Design Studio – Research: Elements
90
Scale 1:100
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Elements Ketian Deng, Emre Kacar, Xiaoxiao Ma, Pinar Pakfiliz
Design Studio – Research: Elements
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Scale 1:100
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Elements Anatol Bogislav, Fabio Daniele, Adam Gajdos, Hannah Geskes
Design Studio – Research: Elements
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Scale 1:200
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Elements Valerio Alvarez, Lara Baler, Sophie Giefing, Gregor Mljac
f e i l er
|
golatac
05.1 M noitces
elacs ecaps enots | catalog
catalog
|
relief
scale
noitcnuf
lairetam relief
section M 1.50
space function
scale
material
space
section M 1.50 concrete
function material
brick
Design Studio – Research: Elements
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catalog
|
relief
scale space function | catalog
section M 1.50
scale
material
space function material
steel, plastic
relief
steel
section M 1.50
scale space function material
wood
Scale 1:200
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Elements Laura Gnadke, Caterina Revedin
Design Studio – Research: Elements
98
Scale 1:200
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Elements Josephine Hermann, Insa HĂśhne, Peter Jakowitsch, Lena Krautgartner
Design Studio – Research: Elements
100
Scale 1:200
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Elements Virginia Deppe, Setenaj Dogan, Tin Jelavic, Domagoj Osrecak
Design Studio – Research: Elements
102
Scale 1:200
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Elements Theresa Brock, Saly Elbasiouny, Nicolas Grabenbauer, Sabrina Kerber
Design Studio – Research: Elements
104
Scale 1:200
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Projects
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1 Piazzale Roma 2 Ghetto/Sant’Alvise 3 Sant’Elena 4 Giudecca
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Projects
The vast area spreading between Tronchetto and Piazzale Roma is a classic transitory space. Serving as huge transportation hub for cars, busses, vaporetti and cruise ships, it widely neglects the needs of pedestrians. The obvious lack of spaces for walking, resting, recreation and play is offensively addressed by the projects for this area. They are based on profound research of the present spatial and social conditions, and commonly seek to reveal existing potentials and enhance them to gain new ground for diverse users.
The strategy to reinterpret built elements and establish new connections between them unite the projects at Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto. In this way the trajectory of the poorly working People Mover is transformed into a multidirectional network for pedestrians of all kinds; fences and other obstacles are embraced as material for urban activists, and a formerly closed-off area is opened up and redefined as a public open-air swimming pool for local residents, students, harbor workers and tourists alike.
Projects – Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto
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Transport Laura Gnadke, Caterina Revedin
The Peoplemover project uses the existing structure of the so-called People Mover—a cable car connecting Tronchetto car park with Piazzale Roma —to add a pedestrian path to the area. The aim is to transform the existing directional link into a multidirectional network. The new promenade not only provides new connections and synergies to existing programs like a vegetable and fish market, but serves as a
public space as well. After precisely analyzing the current and predicted flow of pedestrians (tourists, commuters, locals), a system of adjustable add-on typologies is proposed to be implemented along the 800-meter-long structure.
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Peoplemover- Gnadke Laura- Revedin Cater
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Peoplemover
Piazzale Roma
Marittima
Tronchetto
800m
15,000 people/day bus, car, dayships, work
1,000workers 2,260 residents car commuters
3,600 tourists car 10,000 tourists bus
27,000 KFS
500 workers
2,000 parking bus, car, dayships
train, airport, car, city
16,000 + 250 people/day
8.000 + 250 people/day
15,000 people/day
Morning 06:00
1,000 workers 2,260 residents car commuters
Afternoon 09:00
12:00
Evening 15:00
18:00
21:00
10,000
3,000 2,000 1,000 0
15,000
10,000
3,000 2,000 1,000 0
10,000
3,000 2,000 1,000 0
Research diagrams showing the current and predicted flow of pedestrians
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3,600 tourists car 10,000 tourists bus
Typology 1a
Typology 1b typology 1a
Typology 3a
typology 1b
Typology 3b Selected typologies of add-on structures
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Peoplemover
Parking
Bridge
Vegetable market Water
Fish market
Vegetable market
I'm coming to check out the market
Middle station
Parking
Green space
Fish market
I'm bringing my goods to sell them on.
I'm walking to venice by foot.
Concept schemes visualizing future scenarios
Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto – Transport
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Exploded illustration showing the structural system
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Peoplemover
Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto – Transport
118
Sectional perspective of the new vegetable and fish market
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Transport Leona Asrin Palantsken, Erita Tahirsylaj, Marius Valente
Occupy Fences proposes a subversive intervention in the area of Tronchetto/Marittima. The omnipresence of concrete, asphalt and barriers of all kinds is the starting point of a re-interpretation of the whole site. Now a place for cars, ships, machines of all types, but certainly not for pedestrians, the industrial wasteland is re- or even misread as an urban jungle or playground, where an obstacle is not a problem but a potential, and where informality is interpreted as a quality.
Elements like fences and pedestals are collected and “misused� as pieces of a modular construction system that could be used by local activist groups to build pedestrian shortcuts, but also spaces for social gatherings. Three specific interventions are exemplarily developed to show the range of possibilities within the proposed system.
Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto – Transport
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Occupy Fences
Site plan with new pedestrian short cuts/hot spots
Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto – Transport
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Combinations of modular building system
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Occupy Fences
Sectional view of an exemplary intervention
Piazzale Roma/Tronchetto – Transport
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Project Info m² run length stairs maximum height location
134.63m² 35.64m 9.59m Maritima
Total
Element Wall element
Fence
Hose clip
Pole
T-connector
5 25 2
individual double short
5 50 4
0 100 8
10 24 2
20 48 8
1 1
Triangle small big
4 8
18 47
1 2
2 4
3 1 495
Platform normal double hard rubber feet
6 12
48 38
9 6
18 12
Built-in total
89
331
54
112
Elements of modular building system
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Communities Verena Kößl, Carmen Trifina
Sports, swimming and fun are the attractions of Venice’s first open-air pool that combines social community with the qualities of a recreational public space. Located on the southern tip of the island of Tronchetto and just next to Venice Cruise Terminal, WaterforVenice aims at converting a formerly closed-off area with a relatively simple project into a quality space.
Scomenzera, WaterforVenice attracts local residents of the city quarter of Santa Marta, students from the nearby universities, harbor workers and tourists alike. Conceived as a folded landscape, the pool offers a tremendous view towards the south onto the lagoon, featuring extensive sun decks, a restaurant and a spa.
Reached by a five minutes’ walk from the vaporetto station Santa Marta over a proposed new bridge crossing Canale
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WaterforVenice
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Area
Harbor bath volume
Outdoor pool
Step 4:
Step 5:
Step 6:
Add program
Push down volume
Transparent facades
for access and view
Design steps
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1
2
3
6 5 7
4
10 7 9
8
All-year use High season winter High season summer
Construction and program 1 Sun decks 2 Facades of glass 3 Facade construction 4 Restaurant 5 Lobby 6 Spa 7 Shady terraces 8 Mirror pool 9 Sports pool 10 Fun pool
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WaterforVenice
ui s
es
hip
te r
mi
na
l
Po
r to
di
Ve n
ez
ia
(cr u
ise
sh
ips )
Cr
lob
k
by sp
su
nd
ec
k
ze
ra
ol
en
po
a
om
ec
Sc
nd
t
le
su
ran
na
t au
Ca
res
Site plan, showing the site at the far southern end of Santa Croce island. However, the bath may be reached by a five-minute walk from the Santa Marta vaporetto station.
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sun deck
sun deck
access
lobby
sun deck
pool >
SECTION A-A 1:50
Section showing construction details and various public indoor and outdoor areas
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Projects
The northern area of Ghetto/ Sant’Alvise is characterized by a highly urban fabric that serves predominantly for residential use and lies off the main touristic tracks. Everyday life takes places in the housing areas of different periods and concentrates around urban amenities such as the vaporetto stations or a public swimming pool. The qualities of remoteness and locality, as well as the challenge of the high density, triggered very specific projects for this area. They are expanding across the northern shoreline, opening up hidden gardens or gaining space by the concept of sharing.
All projects developed for Ghetto/ Sant’Alvise are rooted in a belief in programmatic densification as a means of social interaction and micro-economic sustainability. They combine facilities for sports and culture around a park, urban gardening with student housing or boat sharing stations with a market. Focusing on the possibilities to upgrade everyday life for local residents, tourists are rather addressed as guests and participants in these routines.
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Sharing Network – Transport Circle Waves – Transport The Flex – Communities Living Boundaries – Communities On the Edge – Housing Giardini Aperti – Housing
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Transport Ma Xiaoxiao, Deng Ketian
The project Sharing Network deals with the problem of private boat parking in the neighborhood of Ghetto and Sant’Alvise and proposes a new shared boat system. While on the one hand carefully investigating the logic of the existing network and the potentials of shared mobility, the project also addresses the lack of social infrastructure in the area. Three different types of stations are developed and distributed according to the specific spatial and program-
matic needs of certain places. From the smallest station being a simple rack for shared boats, to the largest including a vaporetto station and a floating market, the system could be further developed and adapted with and by the local community. Each station also serves as a new social hub providing infrastructure for daily life. The proposed construction principle is based on traditional Venetian craftsmanship and allows for simple changes over time.
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Sharing Network
large-sized station parking & bridge
medium-sized station market
S. Alvise Station
small-sized station
Tre Archi Station
small-sized station
small-sized station
Guglie Station
Vaporetto station Vaporetto route Vaporetto Sharing boat station Sharing boat route Sharing boat
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Axonometric view showing a medium-sized shared boat station including a floating market
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Basic Structure Wood stick 2
Two wood batten fixed by metal nails
Sharing Network
Basic Structure Wood stick 2
Basic Structure
1.5m
3m
3m 3m
3m
3m
Basic Structure Basic Structure Two woodWood batten frame fixed by Basic Structure Basic Structure Wood stick metal nails3*3*3 Two wood battens fixed by Wood stick
metal nails Basic Structure
Basic Structure
TYPE 2 1 TYPE TYPETYPE 12m 1 Batten roof Synthetic half transparent tiles Synthetic half transparent tilesBasic StructureWood Wood batten floor Vertical Boat Parking Small Station Vertical boat Parking Basic structure Basic Structure Basic Structure
Small Station
Wood stickstick Wood Roof Structure 2
Wood stick Vertical Boat Parking 2
ne roof
3m
TYPE 2 Wood2m Batten roof
TYPE 1
2m
2m
Wood batten seperation Wood Batten roof Two-storey structure
Small StationTYPE 1 Wall Structure Wood batten separation In-Water structure
3*3*3
3m
3m
Roof Structure TYPE 2
Wood frame Roof Structure Two-storey structure
2Adaptive Structure
TYPE Wood In-
Vertical Boa
Wall
Wall Structure Adaptive Structure
Adaptive Structure
3m
3m
r
3m
TYPE 1 Synthetic half transparent tiles
3m
1.5m
3m
3m
TYPE 1 Wood batten floor
Vertical B
Adaptive Structure
3m
3m 3m
2m
Small Station
TYPE 1 Wood batten floor Structure AdaptiveFloor Structure
1.5m
Floor Structure
fixed by
Wood frame 3*3*3
Wood stick Basic Structure
WoodFloor frame Structure Wood2 Adaptive frame Structure 3*3*3
1.5m
TYPE 1 Wood batten floor
2m
2m
3m
Vertical Boat Parking TYPE 1 Basic Structure batten floor SmallWood Station
3*3*3
3m 3m
3m
3m
TYPESmall 1 Station Basic Structure batten floor BasicWood Structure
Wood stick 2 2
3m
3m
3m
2m
3m
ture
2
1.5m
3m
3m
3m
3m
1.5m 3m
2m TYPE 1 Two-storey structure
3m
Wood batten floor TYPE 1 Wood batten seperation TYPE 2 Basic Structure Basic Structure
Wood Batten Wood roof stick 2
Basic structure Wood stick 2
TYPE 1 E1 d batten floorWood panel wall
frame WallWood Structure 3*3*3
3m
TYPE 1 SyntheticTYPE half transparent tiles 1
2mTYPE 2
TYPE 1 Structure Wood panel wall Roof Small Station Wood batten seperation
Wood Batten roof
TYPE 1 Wood bat
Wood batten steps
TYPE 1 Vertical Boat Parking Wood panel wall Stair Structure
Wall Structure In-water structure Adaptive Structure In-Water structure
Wall Stru
Wood batten steps Stair Structure
Structural principles
TYPE 2 TYPE 1 Wood batten steps Wood Batten roof Synthetic half transparent tiles
TYPE 1 Wood batten seperation
Roof Structure
Wall Structure
Stair Structure
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TY Wo
Axonometric view of a typical unit
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Sharing Network
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Floor plan and section showing a medium-sized shared boat station including a floating market
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Transport Pinar Pakfiliz, Emre Kacar
The aim of the project Circle Waves is to add spatial and programmatic value to an existing sports center in the northern part of Sant’Alvise. A structure of overlapping circles of different dimensions is stretching out into the lagoon, providing not only a potentially infinite running track, but also a set of public infrastructures. This new “offshore” typology is an addition to the traditional Venetian repertoire of bridges, canals and fondamente, where one can
never experience the moment of being in or on the water. In section, the structure is continuously meandering; therefore constantly changing its relationship to the water surface. In other words: the project becomes a machine to experience the conditions of tide.
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Circle Waves
shore connections Shore connections shore connections
overlapping Overlapping overlappingthe thecircles circles
every every circle circle has has own own dimension dimension Every circle has its own dimension
different different levels levels of of circle circle Different levels of circle
higher higher and and lower lower parts parts in in relation relation to to water/highwater water/highwater Higher and lower parts in relation to water/highwater
20 10 20cm 20cm cm 10cm 10cm cm
typ density functional areas different typ and and density of of columns columns functional areas for for making making the the bridge bridge more more attractive attractive Functional areas Different type different and density of columns
Concept schemes
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – Transport
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Perspective view of running track
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Circle Waves
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – Transport
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Section 2 1:200
Section 1 1:200
Sections visualizing the relationship of structure and waterlevel
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Communities Melanie Grasl, Katharina Khan
The northern coastline of the Ghetto is one of the least touristic places in Venice, yet features evident qualities like a strong relation to the lagoon and—in good weather—a terrific view to the Alps. The Flex intends to activate these qualities by proposing a swimming platform for communal activities adjacent to an existing ship repair hidden at the very end of Fondamenta Contarini.
offering a place where locals meet with well-informed tourists. Due to its neutral structure, The Flex offers space for all kinds of activities like parties, lectures, weddings, concerts or restoration that may take place simultaneously and thus make different people meet. Due to the nature of a swimming platform, The Flex could also change place in order to activate new spaces in Venice.
Yet, instead of creating another tourist attraction, The Flex intends to take advantage of the remoteness of the site,
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – Communities
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The Flex
young residents
informed tourists
residents party lounge lecture
party
meeting point
concert
birthday party kids event
backst. cafe
lunch
communicate relax global
LOUD
SILENT
local
party
concert
lounge
wedding
backstage
cafe lecture
Target groups (top left) Programmatic concept (top right) Ground floors: scenarios (bottom)
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party
lounge
lecture
Site plan, section
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The Flex
Elements (top down): roof with photovoltaic elements, upper floor, structure, lower floor with circulation, platform, floating bodies, stakes for anchoring
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Sectional perspective, showing the floating bodies of the swimming platform
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Communities Dorukhan Sakar, Nina Winkler
Located in a quiet neighborhood in northern Ghetto, Living Boundaries reactivates a hidden courtyard featuring a little park that is mostly unused today. By activating facilities that today enclose the park—a historic wall, an old, but unused theater, a hidden swimming pool—, the project creates intense programmatic connections between the city and the park, thus activating the park as commonly shared space for all new programs around.
New programs include a multifunctional event space implemented in the old theater, an indoor swimming pool that is added to the existing one, as well as an indoor climbing wall, a library and a kiosk along the historic wall that together make up the new entrance to the ensemble. By interpreting dimensions and materials of the existing, Living Boundaries creates strong relations between historic and new constructions.
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Living Boundaries
existing swimming pool
existing park historic wall old theatre
Expansion of existing constructions
park
New programmes:
Volumetric shift
park
New circultation between different programs, activating the park
Entrance/kiosk Swimming pool Library Climbing hall Theater/cafe
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swimming poo
theatre
l
cafe
park
library climb. hall
rio di S. Alvise
entr./ kiosk
N
Site plan, showing new programs activating the central park
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Living Boundaries
GSEducationalVersion GSPublisherEngine 951.55.95.29
Elements of theater/cafe (top down): roof, upper floor, structure, stage, total project
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Café
Storeroom
Stage
B-B nitttribune) Sch(with Section
(mit Tribüne)
Café Wardrobe
Stage Entrance Eingang Entrance
Eingang Entrance
Eingang Entrance
Ground floor
EG Void stage
Storeroom
+ 3,70
B
First floor
OG
Theater/cafe: section and ground floors
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Housing Sophie Giefing, Valerio Alvarez
The project spreads along the northern shore of Venice on the island of San Leonardo, an area of everyday life faroff the touristic tracks. A row of small-scale buildings colonizes the water’s edge, intensifying the space of the attractive but underused adjoining promenade. As the volumes react to the existing buildings they create squarelike situations and at the same time keep important vistas.
ates a place of exchange maintaining the atmosphere of remoteness and locality. Compact housing units with shared eat-in kitchens are accompanied by co-working spaces, a community kitchen and event space, a café and a fitness center. Public terraces both on the ground floor and roof level offer differentiated spaces with attractive views.
Offering a new program both to the local neighborhood and to mid- to long-term temporary residents, the project cre-
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On the Edge
Functional mix of small scale volumes Public buildings Shared rooms Living space Open space Work space
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GSEducationalVersion
Sectional perspectives showing the spatial and visual situation of the existing buildings and new volumes GSEducationalVersion
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On the Edge
om
type 2 shared rooms
micro apartment
type 3 couple apartment
shared terraces
type 4
type 5
work room couple apartment
type 1
micro apartment with shared room and work room
shared terraces
couple and micro apartment with shared room
micro apartment with shared room and work room
couple apartments with shared room
icro th shared room
type 5
micro apartments with shared room
type 4
work room
shared rooms type 3
ments with
type 4
couple and micro apartment with shared room
micro apartment
couple apartment
work room
type 5
micro apartment with shared room and work room
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
type 5
micro apartments with shared room
couple apartments with shared room
couple and micro apartment with shared room
micro apartment with shared room and work room
shared terraces
shared terraces
GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion
GSEducationalVersion
shared rooms
micro apartment
couple apartment
work room
GSEducationalVersion
Floor plans of combined compact units type 1
type 2
type 3
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – Housing micro apartments with
couple apartments with
couple and micro
type 4
164 micro apartment with shared
Materiality and atmosphere
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Housing Lara Baler, Gregor Mljac
The project aims at strengthening the independence of Venice from the mainland by providing affordable student housing, possibilities for urban gardening, public green space and jobs for locals. It is a conscious intervention in the urban fabric of the Ghetto: taking away existing walls and buildings, positioning new volumes of the same footprint and adding a bridge provide new connections and a generous green space for locals, students and tourists.
Three new buildings on the edge of a canal integrate clustered housing units, vertical gardens and a fruit and vegetable market. They combine a steel-frame structure based on the size of a typical boat, with reused bricks to create an ambiguous atmosphere of light and shadow. Long platforms stretch out into the park as terraces/roofs, linking the gardens within and around the buildings.
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Giardini Aperti
Removal of existing structures
Positioning of three new volumes
Modification of the volumes and green space
Addition of the bridge
Schemes of the design process
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Site plan
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Giardini Aperti
Floor plans showing clustered housing units and vertical gardens
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – Housing
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Section showing clustered housing units and vertical gardens
Reporting from Venice
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Giardini Aperti
Ghetto/Sant’Alvise – Housing
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View from Rio del Battello – Ca’Moro
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Projects
Created in its present form in the 1920s, the island of Sant’Elena features certain qualities hardly found in Venice: green areas act as space for recreation and play, wide streets allow for good lighting conditions, the elevated ground of the island diminishes the risk of floods. Nevertheless, the area obviously lacks attractivity: the population is aging and vacancies on the ground floor indicate the thinning out of infrastructure—a process that could be reversed by the planned development of the northern part of the island into a new housing area.
stress the importance of the physical and programmatic connection of the existing (and projected) neighborhood of Sant’Elena with the close-by islands and their communities. A new bridge thus offers innovative public space, industrial halls are transformed into a multi-purpose community center, a new hotel typology serves as a hub for visitors of the nearby Biennale and a tower serves as new vaporetto stop and look-out point for new perspectives on the future of Sant’Elena.
The projects for Sant’Elena count on such a future change and seek to accelerate the process. Therefore, they
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Transport Josephine Hermann, Peter Jakowitsch
On the island of Sant’Elena, Stazione Verticale is at the same time a new vaporetto stop as well as a social hub, providing a new connection to public transport and a new public space for the local community. Placed on the point of intersection between housing development, harbor and soccer stadium, the tower marks a potentially new center for further development of the northeastern part of the island. Infrastructural architecture is interpreted as a kind of vanguard, discovering and preparing new territories. In
that sense, Stazione Verticale not only provides a physical lookout point, but also a possible new perspective on the future of Sant’Elena. As an architectural object, it refuses the industrial notion of infrastructure. After carefully researching existing vertical structures, the architecture of the tower refers to traditional typologies and elements, blending the tower into the landscape of the city, while providing different atmospheres on each floor.
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Stazione Verticale
development area
harbour
81,00 m2
housing
stadium church
harbour park military
ersion
Site plan showing the location of the new vaporetto stop in the center of Sant’Elena
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110,95 110,95 110,95 m²m² m²
12.00
12.00 12.00 12.00
72,50 72,50 72,50 m²m² m²
10.00
10.00 10.00 10.00
8.50
10.00 10.00 10.00
8.50 8.50 8.50
10.00
43,28m² 43,28m² 43,28m² 43,28m²
43,28m²
7.50 7.50 7.50
8.50
36,15m² 36,15m² 36,15m²
7.50
8.50 8.50 8.50
36,15m²
8.50
7.50 7.50 7.50
7.50
72,50 m²
43,28m² 43,28m² 43,28m² 81,00 m²
8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50
8.50 8.50 8.50
81,00 81,00 81,00 m²m² m²
10.00
10.00 10.00 10.00
95.50 95.50 95.50 mm m
80.00 80.00 80.00 mm m
70.00 70.00 70.00 mm m
70.00 m
50.00 50.00 mm m 50.00
50.00 m
47.00 47.00 mm m 47.00
47.00 m
28.00 28.00 28.00 mm m
12.00
12.00
10.00
12.00 10.00
Campanile San Marco
10.007.50
7.50
San Giorgio
8.50
7.50 8.50
8.50
8.50
8.50
8.50
Chiesa di Sant’Elena
8.50 10.00
10.00
8.50
8.50
8.50
8.50
8.50
7.50 8.50
8.50
7.50
10.00 7.50
10.00
7.50
7.50
10.00
10.00
12.00
10.00
12.00
12.00
28.00 m
8.50
10.00
8.50 10.00
10.00
80.00 m
10.00
95.50 m
10.00 10.00 10.00
10.00
12.00 12.00 12.00
12.00 110,95 m²
10.0 10.00
Stazione Verticale
Selected typical vertical structures in Venice, including Stazione Verticale
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Stazione Verticale
Ground floor
Second floor
First floor
Third floor
Selected floor plans
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view to development area
view to Lido
meeting
workshop
view to harbour
view to stadium
gallery
bar
Stadium Sant’Elena
Section visualizing the stacking of different programs and spatial atmospheres
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Stazione Verticale
Exploded axonometric
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View from the public terrace
Reporting from Venice
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Transport Insa Höhne, Lena Krautgartner
Anticipating a possible new development in the northern part, Living Link is proposing a triangular bridge connecting Sant’Elena to the island of San Pietro di Castello and the lively Via Garibaldi area. The project is providing not only a new shortcut to improve connectivity and therefore daily routines for residents, it is also transforming the issue of private boat parking into a potential—a new kind of public space on the water for floating markets and other events.
The architectural challenge of the project was to translate the complexity of the site—different heights of all three starting points and the need for boats to pass—into a seemingly effortless structure, as abstract as possible in order not to compete with the historical context: a wooden platform connected to the water and an elevated promenade as a public arena.
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Living Link
GSEducationalVersion
GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion
Diagrammatic visualization of the existing and predicted pedestrian network Concept/design-process schemes
ersion GSEducationalVersion
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Axonometric view of scenario public boat parking.
Reporting from Venice
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Living Link
+ 3,50 m
+ 3,50 m
+ 3,50 m
+ 3,10 m
+ 3,10 m
+ 3,10 m
GSEducationalVersion
+ 0,90 m + 0,50 m
+ 0,50 m
+ 0,50 m
+/- 0,00 m
+/- 0,00 m
+/- 0,00 m
- 0,50 m
- 0,50 m
- 0,50 m
GSEducationalVersion
Axonometric view of connection Sequence of sections
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schnitt bb
+ 0,90 m
+ 3,50 m
+ 3,50 m
+ 0,90 m
itt aa
schn
+ 3,50 m
+ 3,50 m + 1,50 m
+ 0,90 m
schnitt bb
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schn
GSEducationalVersion
Site plan
Reporting from Venice
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Communities Tin Jelavic, Domagoj Osrecak
Market+ is intended as part of the revitalization project for the ACTV docks on Sant’Elena, a current maintenance and repair hub of the Venetian public transport system that shall be replaced by new housing developments. Market+ proposes to redesign three existing hangars at the eastern tip of the development area in order to accommodate new programs and establish a new communal center at the interface of Sant’Elena and the island of San Pietro di Castello. By the addition and subtraction of walls and volumes, the old industrial hangars are refurbished into modern facilities with all-round programs: Hangar 01 is
turned into a market and concert hall, featuring a water basin that is used either by a boat markets or a floating stage; Hangar 02 is transformed into a multipurpose building that can be used as a flea market, lecture or concert hall; Hangar 03 will accommodate a restaurant, office spaces and storage for the activities in the other halls. An existing ramp for landing ships is redesigned to become the new central square of the area, featuring a swimming platform for outdoor events like open-air cinema or concerts. In addition, a new pedestrian bridge will link to the island of San Pietro di Castello, thus fostering the relevance of Market+ as the new communal center of the area.
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01
into a a laroating he bato the ia the was to as the at the e. The s have hed to h the
Market+
HANGAR Hangar 01, current state
02
HANGAR HANGAR02 03 Hangar 03, current state Hangar 02, current state
Hangar 02 is now a multipurpose building that can be used as a flea market, lecture hall or concert hall. The existing hangar consisted only of the load bearing skeletal structure and one wall. By adding three new walls the hangar was closed and got a new highlight with its big pivotal doors that can open up both main facades. By opening the doors we can connect the hangar with the exterior and create a passage through it. On one side it opens to the big ramp in the focal point of all three halls.
Hangar Hangar 02 03ishas now been a turned multipurpose into the building service that point can of be the used development. as a flea market, It houses lecture a bighall restaurant or concert and office hall. space, The existing restroomshangar and a consisted storage area onlyforofthe theother load hangars. bearing The skeletal restaustructure rant opens and up one to wall. its By patio adding and to three thenew plaza walls andthe can hangar also was be used clo- as sedan andopen got kitchen a new highlight or partywith room. its big pivotal doors that can open up both theinThemain openfacades. kitchen By is opening especially doors we canasconnect the hangar teresting it correlates to the with themarket. exterior and create a pasfood The office space is used sage it. On oneand side by through the administration theit stoopens toareas the big in the rage canramp be used forfocal storing point of all halls. stands or three the event equipment.
An existing ramp to the sea has been redesigned by adding steps on the sides and placing a floating stand in front of it. This ramp is the central point of the Market+ area that acts similar to the Piazza del Campo in Siena. It can be used for outdoor events like an open-air cinema or an open-air concert venue.
An existing ramp to the sea has been redesigned by adding steps on the sides and placing a floating stand in front of it. This ramp is the central point of the Market+ area that acts similar to the Piazza del Campo in Siena. It can be used for outdoor events like an open-air cinema or an open-air concert venue.
close Addibeen under r the nd for
Activation of the waterfront: axonometric view of the project
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Ha ng ar 01 Han
gar
02
Hangar
03
Rio de
i Giard
ini
Site plan showing the activated hangars
Reporting from Venice
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Market+
1
1
2
2
1
2
3
3
3
4
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5
4
Hangar 01, design steps
Hangar 01, elements
Hangar 02, design steps
1 Current state 2 Demolition of the shed 3 Opening the walls 4 Water let into the building
1 Roof 2 Structure 3 Retail spaces 4 Stair/tribune, stage 5 Total project
1 Current state 2 Demolition of the shed 3 Closing walls, doors to front and back 4 Activation of existing slope
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1
1
1
2 2
2
3 3
4 4
5 5
Hangar 02, elements
Hangar 03, design steps
Hangar 03, elements
1 Roof 2 Structure 3 Retail spaces 4 Stages 5 Total project
1 Current state 2 Pushing back the northern facade, adding a second floor
1 Roof 2 Structure 3 Office spaces 4 Restaurant 5 Total project
Reporting from Venice
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Market+
Sectional view Hangar 01
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Ground floor and section Hangar 01, market scenario
Reporting from Venice
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Market+
Sectional view Hangar 03
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Ground floor and section Hangar 03
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Housing Petra Veljkovic, Flavius Tinco
The urban structure of Sant’Elena provides qualities hardly found in Venice: green areas act as space for recreation and play; wide streets allow for good lighting conditions; the elevated ground of the island diminishes the risk of floods. The project makes use of these qualities to target the issue of large vacancies in the area. Proposing new housing typologies for the ground floor zone shall attract differentiated user groups to stay at or move to the neighborhood of Sant’Elena.
Five apartments provide prototypic answers to the challenges and potentials of the ground floor: exposure vs. privacy of everyday life, accessibility for people with limited mobility, interface with public space, etc. Reacting to the immediate urban context, the single projects integrate additional programmatic content: a single apartment with an atelier, a shared student flat, a shared flat with a room to let and a bistro, and a senior flat attached to a family apartment.
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ENTWURF
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Dwelling the Ground Floor
3
4
5
Floor plan of the five apartments
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ENTWURF
ENTWURF
SINGLEWOHNUNG | ATELIER
SINGLEWOHNUNG | ATELIER
53m² + 15m² NGF
sight protection furniture (rotatable)
+2.80
atelier 0.00
wardrobe
kitchen 0.00
Schnitt 1.100
bath
ENTWURF
staircase
SINGLEWOHNUNG | ATELIER Grundriss 1.100 - Aussicht (Park | Meer) wird gewährleistet - durch Integration eines Ateliers wird auf die Lage Bezug genommen - die Pufferelemente (Designmöbel) sind auf den Bewohner (Künstler) abgestimmt GSEducationalVersion
Axonometrie
GSEducationalVersion
Ansicht NEU 1.100
GSEducationalVersion
Axonometry and elevation of the single apartment with atelier
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Dwelling the Ground Floor
RF
ENTWURF
NSCHAFT
WOHNGEMEINSCHAFT
ENTWURF
117m²NGF
0.00
integrated bookshelf WOHNGEMEINSCHAFT |MIETZIMMER |BISTRO reading niche
couch niche
communication niche +3.00
bathroom
+2.20
staircase Grundriss1.100
ENTWURF
0.00
bistro Schnitt 1.100
room toWOHNGEMEINSCHAFT let | MIETZIMMER | BISTRO Axonometrie
- Sichtschutz vor dem gegenüberliegenden Gebäude wird gewährleistet durch innenliegende Sitznischen und außenleiegendem Lamellensystem - Aussicht wird auf Meer und Park gelenkt urch Bistro | Distanzierung vom Wohnbereich GSEducationalVersion
U-slats
staircase
GSEducationalVersion
Ansicht NEU 1.100
Axonometry and elevation of the shared student apartment and shared apartment with room to let and bistro GSEducationalVersion
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ENTWURF ENTWURF SENIORENWOHNUNG |FAMILIENWOHNUNG
SENIORENWOHNUNG | FAMILIENWOHNUNG
kitchen niche eating niche
staircase roofed terrace
childrens' room
parents' room bathroom
Ansicht NEU 1.100
slats
ENTWURF
SENIORENWOHNUNG | FAMILIENWOHNUNG
- Aussicht auf Park wird gewährleistet - Kopplung der Gebäude
Axonometrie
GSEducationalVersion
Ansicht NEU 1.100
Axonometry and elevation of the senior apartment attached to the family apartment GSEducationalVersion
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Housing Matthias Heytmanek, Sebastian Hofer
Located in the port area of Sant’Elena, the project revolves around the theme of the experience of one night in Venice. Focusing on cultural tourists reaching Venice by boat from the shores of Slovenia and Croatia, it functions as a hub providing all the infrastructure needed before entering the city on foot (lockers, mini market, refreshments, etc). Returning at night, compact hotel rooms—the park, sky and sea units— emphasize the experience of typical Venetian qualities.
The rectangular structure of the building is situated on the water’s edge and frames a former boat ramp of the adjacent shipyard. The sloped plane enhances the visibility of the tides and the presence of the sea. The thematic units are grouped on three sides of the building, each providing the immediate perception of the natural surroundings.
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.views.
GSEducationalVersion
Framing of the existing topogra-
GSEducationalVersion
Zoning of the volume
Positioning of the rectangular basic form
GSEducationalVersion
Horizontal extension of the basic form
GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion
Vertical extension of the basic form
Definition of single Schemes of the design process
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Rooftop
Sky units sea units
units Park units
Axonometry of the hotel rooms
Reporting from Venice
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.views.
Sky Unit - Grundriss 1.20
hnittansicht 1.20
Floor plan and sectional view of the sky unit
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Interior view of the sky unit
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.views.
Water Unit - Grundriss 1.20
Water Unit - Schnittansicht 1.20
Arbeitsblatt (1)
Floor plan and sectional view of the sea unit
GSEducationalVersion
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Interior view of the sea unit
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Projects The southern island of Giudecca is separated from the city center by the wide Canale della Giudecca and historically served as a hinterland for agricultural and industrial production and a land reserve. This role of the island left significant traces in its urban fabric: while the north side is heavily built-up, density decreases towards the south, leaving wide areas open at the shore. These attractive locations are mainly privately owned, abandoned and closed to the public. The varying urban condition of Giudecca asked for differentiated projects on the island, its northern, central and southern parts. While the proposals for central locations aim to intensify and promote urban everyday life by a larger urban strategy and interventions at the scale of the architectural element, the projects located at the north and south bank tackle more conflictory topics of land use and equity. Along the northern Canale della Guidecca, a project of moveable bridges creates ambiguous situations of connection, blockade and seclusion. On the southside, various projects aim to open up and activate the hidden sites to the public—be it in the form of community-based housing projects or a swimming platform for various scenarios of public use.
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Macchina Flottante – Transport Sotoportego – Transport The EVERYtool! – Communities Activators – Communities Il bene comune – Housing Compact – Housing
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Transport Sabrina Kerber, Nicolas Grabenbauer
Macchina Flottante is proposing a new link between Giudecca and Fondamente Zattere, negotiating the problem of disconnection and the potential of seclusion. The project is on the one hand influenced by the famous Rialto Bridge and Redentore Bridge—a temporary pontoon bridge installed once a year to connect Giudecca to the rest of the city. On the other hand, it tries to translate a local activist group’s protest against the passing of cruiseships
through the Canale della Giudecca—a conflict that has been catching media attention for years—into an architectural statement. The proposed answer is a movable bridge, composed of three rotating arms, that allows for a set of spatial and programmatic configurations: a barrier, a gate, a bridge, an extension of the shore, a piazza on the water.
Giudecca – Transport
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Reporting from Venice
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Macchina Flottante
SABRINA KERBER NICOLAS GRABENBAUER
MACCHINA FLOTTANTE
Rialto Bridge, image and floor plan Redentore Bridge, image and floor plan
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Spatial configurations/scenarios
Network of waterways before and after
Reporting from Venice
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Macchina Flottante
SABR NICOLAS GR
CCHINA FLOTTANTE
Giudecca – Transport
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Section and details of pontoon structure
Reporting from Venice
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Transport Saly Elbasiouny, Theresa Brock
The Sotoportego project is investigating the Venetian element of the same name and its lost or hidden potentials. Sotoportego, a kind of pedestrian passage on private ground, is an important element in the network of the city, since it connects the narrow alleys to a continuous public space. As spaces between path and place, between inside and outside, Sotoporteghi often become informal social hubs, very often with a symbolic meaning and sometimes even
an accommodating program. After analyzing the existing pedestrian network of Giudecca and the role of Sotoporteghi in this regard, the aim of the project is two-fold: adopting the network to allow for an improved pedestrian flow and therefore more interaction between residents; prototyping a set of spatial and programmatic adaptations on the level of the element Sotoportego itself.
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Reporting from Venice
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eng we enee we ho w eng we ew hoc tie h e we ho w h tief du t hoc tiew ht dun he d h tief td du hel ein tdh dun heh e d ein be he hel ein b h bee off ein beeb offe veebo o bee off v b ver loc o offe veovlo loc ge vlo ver loc g gem kavlo g loc gelo k kal bu g gem kagkb bun kb kal bu kb bun b
Sotoportego
Spatial analysis of existing sotoporteghi
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Perspective view of new intervention
Reporting from Venice
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Communities Marina Anton, Alexandra Marin
EVERYtool is the name of a swimming platform that is intended to activate abandoned places at the south bank of Giudecca. Until the first half of the 20th century, the south bank of Giudecca was mainly used as industrial area and has not seen much urban development since then, although its qualities—in particular the view towards the south and the lagoon—seem to be obvious. By adapting the operating principle of a submarine, the EVERYtool may vary its altitude above sea level by receiving water into or expelling it from its body, thus being able to flexibly adapt to the height of the coastline it is attached to. Featuring additional flexible elements
that make up the upper surface of the platform, the EVERYtool may transform into a variety of possible scenarios that establish a dialog with the place it is attached to: an outside swimming pool (docking location: Piscina di Sacca Fisola), a stage for concerts (docking location: Vecchia Fabrica), an exhibition space (docking location: Calle Convertite), an urban gardening and market (docking location: Casette) or a cinema (docking location: Campo Junghans). Conceived as a mobile tool for activating the existing, the EVERYtool is intended not only to commute between places on Giudecca, but also to be implemented beyond Venice at any place needed.
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Reporting from Venice
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The EVERYtool
soccer court Footbal court
Piscina Sacca Fisola tennis court Tennis court
Hilton Molino Stucky Hotel abandoned Hilton Molino Stucky factory
Piscina Sacca Fisola
luxury Hotel
away from the noise of the city
unifinished gallery development empty plot
unfinished housing construction
Gallery
offices
hotel
Prison
prison
Hotel
center Center of Offices Giudecca Giudecca
school
Teatro Junghans
vaporetto JungstationSchool hansTheatre Hotel Cafe/Restaurant La Palanca square hotel
Vaporetto Station Hilton Molino Stucky
Vaporetto Station La Palanca
3 Min walk
3 Min walk
View
Legend
outdoor pool
into the Lagoon no barriers
concert exhibition
walking routes sites route Everytool main walking routs walking routs sites
market
water
Sacca Fisola empty unused space docking possibility
Sacca Fisola
Vecchia Fabrica
Calle Convertite
Casette
abandoned old factory unused space stays in disrepair
construction site unfinished unused space
abandoned unused space stays in disrepair
Calle Convertite
Vecchia Fabrica
Junghans Square
cinema
square which doesn’t attract new housing construction with a lot of empty commercial ground floor space
Campo Junghans
Casette
Overview, showing different sites at the waterfront of Giudecca where the EVERYtool may be implemented
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Design steps
Elements
1 Dimensions: maximum usage, even for olympic pool 2 Platform 3 Extension to crate decks/ floating bodies 4 Division of platform into smaller elements 5 Elements are individually movable in order to create multiple scenarios
1 Vertically movable elements 2 Platform 3 Structure facade 4 Walls 5 Lower floor 6 Structure platfrom 7 Total project (scenario: cinema)
Reporting from Venice
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Basic concept
dividing the platform in dividing the platform in smaller modules smaller modules air tank
The EVERYtool 2m
water Process tank
air tank
each module can go up and each module go a upthe and down individually for when it iscan empty down individually for a on multitude of arragement construction floats multitude of arragement
water tank
air tank
each module can go up and down individually for each module go a up and when it iscan water inside, multitude of arragement down for a sinks theindividually construction multitude of arragement
Design Design Process
2m
dividing the platform in 2m 2m smaller dividing modules the platform in air smaller modules tank
2m
2m
2m
2m
Different usage of the smaller platform modules Basic concept air Basic concept air tank tank
water water tank tank
water
into the water
when it is empty the air air tank tank
When empty, the the when it is empty construction floats on platform construction water floatsfloats on on the water water
Sport activities
Basic concept Basic concept
air air air tank tank air tank tank
Different usage of the smaller platform modules air Different usage of the smaller platform modules tank air tank
water water water tank tank water tank tank
air air air tank tank air tank tank
water tank water tank
air tank air tank
when itit is the when filled, is empty water When the inside, when it issinks water inside, empty the construction floats on platform into the the construction sinks the sinks construction on water water into construction the waterfloats into thePool water water Infinity with a beautiful view into the lagoon when it is water inside, when it is water inside, the construction sinks the construction into the water sinks into the water Sport activities Sport activities
Different usage of the smaller platform modules Different usage of the smaller platform modules Scenario sport Infinityactivities Pool with a beauSport activities Infinity Pool beautiful view intowith the alagoon Cinema and lecture Sport activities
tiful view into the lagoon
Infinity Pool with a beauInfinity Pool alagoon beautiful view intowith thepool Scenario infinity tiful view into view the lagoon with beautiful over lagoon
Cinema and lecture Cinema and lecture Concert and events
Scenario cinema and lecture
Cinema and lecture Cinema and lecture Scenario market and Market and fairs fairs
Concert and events Art and exhibition Concert and events Scenario multiple events
Concert and events Concert and events
Market and fairs Market and fairs Scenario art exhibition
Art and exhibition Art and exhibition
Art and exhibition Art and exhibition
Market and fairs Market and fairs
Principle of floating platform (top) Programmatic scenarios (bottom)
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Longitudinal section (top), plan (bottom), both showing a cinema scenario
Reporting from Venice
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Communities Lin Zhehan, Han Peiying, Shi Yunze
Located in the very center of Giudecca, the project activates abandoned existing constructions around the square of Campo di San Cosmo and the adjacent canal by introducing new programs intended to attract local residents and tourists alike: a public library, implemented in the entrance of Chiesa dei Santi that has recently been converted into office spaces; an art shop adjacent to the monastery Convento dei Santi that today houses an art gallery; a gym, replacing an abandoned residential house, additionally offering a cafĂŠ and a basketball court on the roof; the extension of an existing
hotel, implementing a restaurant and a new entrance to the hotel that may be reached by a new bridge crossing the canal. In the center of the new neighborhood, Campo di San Cosmo is equipped with a new pavement in order to effectively link all new programs around. By interpreting historic patterns, the pavement is partially extruded to create benches, desks and a new bank towards the canal, evoking multiple communal activities like children’s play, public cinema viewing or a flower market.
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communication flower market movie point
waterside steps
playground
outdoor cafĂŠ outdoor restaurant new bridge
Reporting from Venice
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Activators
A: 50x50 cm
A: 50x50 cm B: 50x100 cm
B: 50x100 cm
Laying down
A: 50x50 cm C: 100x100 cm
B: 50x100 cm C: 100x100 cm
B: 50x100 cm C: 100x100 cm D: 100x150 cm
Leaning on
Sitting
Communication
Resting
Gathering
Talking/watching films
Stair height: 15 cm
Resting along the river
Campo di San Cosmo: elements (left) and scenarios (right)
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concrete sand and gravel cushion soil compaction
Campo di San Cosmo: detail
Reporting from Venice
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Housing Fabio Daniele, Adam Gajdos
The project is set within the current discussion on privatizing and commercializing the site of Villa Heriot, a highly attractive twin-villas area in eastern Giudecca, serving the public since the end of Second World War. The area is located adjacent to the unfinished social housing project Campo di Marte by Álvaro Siza (1985). As a first intervention, several walls along the plot boundaries are removed, thus creating the new situation of an open quarter: The park of the villas flows into the urban space of alleys and squares.
Two new rectangular volumes add to the arrangement of the villas. They provide a structure for communal life, proposing a radical concept of shared living and stimulating the rather monofunctional neighborhood with various activities— such as new qualities in public space, the livable parterre, or the public rooftop pool—one of a kind in Giudecca.
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Reporting from Venice
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Il bene comune
to 'La Zitelle' station
housing area
unfinished shell planned Siza's structure enclosed space
library Siza's housing proposal to demolish (red) kindergarten
villas used for education
semi-public green area
lagoon
Axonometric view of the urban context
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Axonometric view of the new buildings and urban space
Reporting from Venice
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A7 7
Il bene comune
cafĂŠ
multipurpose room
technical facility
library
entrance
kids library
Ground floor plan
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GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100
Plans of upper floors and rooftop
Reporting from Venice
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Housing Anatol Bogislav, Hannah Geskes
Located on the plot of a long abandoned factory, the project is surrounded by water and adjoins the social housing project IACP by Gino Valle (1980–86) in the north. It transforms this remote site into a place of quality living and production, strongly connected to the markets of Venice. Compact reacts to IACP in various ways: the orientation of the linear blocks, the acceptance of vistas or the extension of the existing square. The centrally located factory building is turned into a covered open space for regular markets for the neighborhood.
The new buildings are arranged vertically to strengthen the relationship of the site and the sea. The freed ground floor level provides productive spaces: new waterways for transport logistics, craft ateliers and food supply fields. Two sets of typologies organize housing for individuals, couples or families on three to five levels. Arranged as ensembles, they create common plateaus for the micro-neighborhoods.
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Compact
The existing situation
Linear positioning of the new volumes
Definition of new waterways
Provision of garden areas and vistas Schemes of the design process
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Ground floor plan
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Compact
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Typology “Pantaleo” – a home for an individual/couple or a home for an individual/couple with atelier on the ground floor
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Typology “Fabio” – a three-bedroom house or a threebedroom house with ateliers on the ground floor
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Compact
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Typology “Charlotte” – a family home with an office space or a family home with an office space and ateliers on the ground floor
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Facade section of “Charlotte”
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Garden ensemble and waterfront ensemble
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View of a common plateau
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Imprint
Publication data
Special thanks to
Published by:
Expert lecturers and tour guides:
Architectural Typology and Design
Giulio Grillo, Re:Biennale, Venice
Institute of Architecture
Sergio Pascolo, Sergio Pascolo Architects, Venice
TU Wien
Rally Prato, architect, Venice Antonio Revedin, director of the Venice Port Authority
Edited by:
Carlo Trevisan, former president of IACP, Venice
Tina Gregoric, Thomas Amann, Katharina Urbanek, Fabian Wallmüller
Workshop presentation external jury: Aljosa Dekleva, dekleva gregoric architects, Ljubljana
Editorial assistance:
Giulio Grillo, Re:Biennale, Venice
Basilis Neururer, Mona Steinmetzer
Jana Revedin, École Spéciale d’Architecture, Paris
Design Studio mentors:
Final presentation jury:
Tina Gregoric, Thomas Amann, Katharina Urbanek,
Thomas Amann, TU Wien
Fabian Wallmüller
Anne Catherine Fleith, feld72, Vienna Tina Gregoric, TU Wien
Student contributors:
Werner Neuwirth, architect, Vienna
Marina Anton, Valerio Alvarez, Lara Baler, Anatol Bogislav,
Michael Obrist, feld72, Vienna
Theresa Brock, Fabio Daniele, Saly Elbasiouny, Adam
Florian Sammer, ASAP, Vienna
Gajdos, Hannah Geskes, Sophie Giefing, Laura Gnadke,
Katharina Urbanek, TU Wien
Nicolas Grabenbauer, Melanie Grasl, Josephine Hermann,
Bernd Vlay, StudioVlayStreeruwitz, Vienna
Matthias Heytmanek, Sebastian Hofer, Insa Höhne, Peter
Fabian Wallmüller, TU Wien
Jakowitsch, Tin Jelavic, Emre Kacar, Sabrina Kerber, Deng Ketian, Katharina Khan, Verena Kößl, Lena
Image credits:
Krautgartner, Alexandra Marin, Gregor Mljac, Domagoj
p. 5: La Biennale di Venezia/Alejandro Aravena
Osrecak, Pinar Pakfiliz, Leona Asrin Palantsken, Han
p. 7: Gervasuti Foundation/Ronan Chris Murphy
Peiying, Caterina Revedin, Dorukhan Sakar, Erita
p. 11: La Biennale di Venezia/Alejandro Aravena
Tahirsylaj, Flavius Tinco, Carmen Trifina, Marius Valente,
p. 14: www.google.com/maps
Petra Veljkovic, Nina Winkler, Ma Xiaoxiao, Shi Yunze, Lin
p. 29: veneziablog.blogspot.com (bl); Fernando Guerra (br)
Zhehan
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Design:
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Beton
p. 42: Luke Hayes (t); Architecture and Vision (b)
www.vvox.it (bl); Timothy Hursley (br)
p. 43: Fernando Guerra (t); Ricardo Loureiro (b) Proofreading:
p. 44: La Biennale di Venezia (t); Inexhibit magazin (b)
Hana Cirman
p. 45: Liu Jiakun (t); designboom.com (b)
Brian Dorsey
p. 46: Paul Kranzler (t); Ferdinando Crespi (b) p. 47: Rural Studio (t); Gábor Fábián, Dénes Fajcsák (b)
Sonderzahl Verlag
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ISBN 978 3 85449 542 0
p. 49: Kirsten Bucher (t); Dinko Peračić, Miranda Veljačić (b) p. 50: La Biennale di Venezia (t); Christian Kerez (b)
All rights reserved
p. 51: Laurian Ghinitoiu (t, b)
© 2019 Gebäudelehre und Entwerfen
p. 52: Julien Lanoo (t); Clara Dykstra (b)
Institut für Architektur und Entwerfen
p. 53: dekleva gregoric architects (t); Lars Uhlig (b)
TU Wien
p. 61: duchy/ shutterstock (tl) Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders, and we appologize for any unintentional omissions.
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Reporting from Venice Prof. Tina Gregoric Thomas Amann Katharina Urbanek Fabian Wallm체ller Design Studio WS 2016/2017
Institut f체r Architektur und Entwerfen Abteilung f체r Geb채udelehre und Entwerfen