FME Issue 67

ISSUE 67

firemiddleeastmag.com

THE MAGAZINE FOR FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING & RESCUE

Taking fire protection personally Find out about Clarke Fire’s 60+ years of experience and 200,000+ engines installed world-wide

IoT ON ALERT

SMART BUILDINGS, SMARTER FIREFIGHTING

COMMANDING CHAOS

Internet of Things is changing the fire prevention landscape

Intelligent building infrastructure is boosting fire protection

Effective communication requires more than exceptional tools

| SAUDI ARABIA SEPTEMBER 29 — OCTOBER 1 2025 PREVIEW

Well prepared for the heat of the moment

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PUBLISHED BY MDC Middle East Ltd +44 (0)1752 267 330 6 Woodside Lane, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8QE, UK This publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form in whole or in part without the written consent of the publishers. ©MDC Middle East Ltd. 2025 For subscriptions and advertising enquires, or for further information on the magazine visit our website at: firemiddleeastmag.com

INSIDER’S VIEW Welcome to our special issue dedicated to Intersec Saudi Arabia, a key event in the region’s fire and security calendar. As the official media partner, we are proud to be attending the show and in this issue we bring you an exclusive look at what to expect. Inside, you’ll find a detailed guide to the agenda (page 75), a list of the visionary speakers (page 81) and a chance to hear from some of the show’s exhibitors (from page 85), ensuring you make the most of your time there.

This issue also features a special profile on Clarke Fire (page 16), celebrating an impressive 60-year legacy in the sector.

The company continues to invest heavily in R&D and reveals they’ll have some exciting announcements later this year. Elsewhere, we explore the divisive topic of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their role within the industry, highlighting the

importance of thoughtful and careful prompts and reminding us that these powerful tools are only as effective as the human engineer guiding them (page 30).

Finally, don’t miss an excellent piece from fire expert Bob Rea, who delves into the vital subject of communication on the fireground, reinforcing that trust is the non-negotiable foundation of effective teamwork (page 58).

Cora Lydon Editor editor@firemiddleeast.co.uk firemiddleeast Fire Middle East Magazine

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 3

CONTENTS

ISSUE 67

20

REGULARS 03 Up front

Foreword from the Editor

06 Regional news

27

The latest regional fire safety and protection news

12 International news

Fire-related news and advancements from around the globe

15 Product showcase

Find out about some of the newest products to reach the market

71 Diary

Diary dates for forthcoming fire safety exhibitions, conferences and events

FEATURES 16 Cover story

For over 60 years, Clarke has served the fire protection industry. Its global workforce, with over 2,500 years of combined technical knowledge, supports over 200,000 installations worldwide

20 Parking’s electric shift

Eiad Shami, Principle Fire and Life Safety Consultant, WSP Middle East, considers the remediation of existing car parks to accommodate electric vehicles

52

27 Precision under pressure

Jason Voerman, Regional Sales Manager – MEA, Firedos, looks at why smart pressure regulation is the backbone of foam fire suppression systems

30 Smart or risky?

Faris Alzahrani, OHS and fire safety practitioner, investigates large language models (LLMs) in Fire Safety Engineering and explores how they can aid fire safety experts without compromising safety

33 No longer blind

Anthony D. Parfitt, Chairman, founder and inventor of Ci Global, looks at how intelligent building infrastructure is transforming fire response, and envisages a future where prevention leads

50 Case study: Iraqi Ministry of the Interior

In a bid to streamline its emergency services, the Ministry of Interior in Iraq turned to Hytera

52 Bridging response and risk reduction

Fire safety solutions expert Peter Stephenson highlights that the future of firefighting vehicle procurement lies not in tradition, but in a data-driven, risk-based approach to fleet management

37 Safety in unity

Cross-sector collaboration is the nonnegotiable foundation of a safer future, says Zahi Daher, International Business Development Manager, KSA, NFPA®

40 United for safety

52

We speak with Sam Malins, Group CEO, Reacton and Mowafaq Al Braim, General Manager, Al Aswad Fire Protection Co, about the synergy between the two companies as they forge a new partnership

42 The hidden threat

In the fire protection industry, system reliability is not a convenience; it’s a life safety imperative. Mark Fessenden, Managing Director of the International Fire Suppression Alliance (IFSA) looks at the challenges of counterfeit equipment

4 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

42

THIS ISSUE’S PARTNERS & CONTRIBUTORS SAUDI ARABIA 2025

Eiad Shami

73 Intersec Saudi Arabia

Eiad Shami specialises in fire risk management for evolving urban landscapes, including hospitality and tourism-driven developments.

Everything you need to successfully navigate the forthcoming exhibition and get the most out of your attendance

74 Welcome from show director 75 Agenda 81 Meet the speakers 85 Meet the exhibitors

56 Revolutionising safety

Stefanie Steudel, Product Manager Fire Alarm Systems – Remote Services, Bosch Building Technologies, writes about the transformative power of Internet of Things (IoT) in fire prevention

58 Commanding chaos

Principle Fire and Life Safety Consultant, WSP Middle East

Zahi Daher

International Business Development Manager for Saudi Arabia, NFPA®

Zahi leads NFPA’s initiatives across the Kingdom, working to advance fire and life safety standards in line with Saudi Vision 2030.

Faris Alzahrani

OHS and fire safety practitioner

Faris Alzahrani is a fire safety professional specialising in Building Codes and Standards, Design and Analysis of Life Safety.

Sponsors & Supporters

Enquire about 2026 sponsorship packages

Bob Rea explores the hallmarks of effective communication under pressure and why trust is key SILVER SPONSOR

65 From frame to finish

Brett Shinn, Thomas Bell-Wright International Consultants, looks at the unsung role of supporting constructions for doors – what’s their role, are they standard or associated and how do we test them?

BRONZE SPONSORS

69 #IWMC2025 highlights

Find out about what’s coming up at the International Water Mist Conference 2025 EXHIBITORS

PROMOTIONAL FEATURES 11 Advanced 25 AVD Fire

SUPPORTERS

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KNOWLEDGE PARTNER

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 5

REGIONAL NEWS

UAE teams join wildfire operations A UAE rescue team continued operations for a fifth consecutive day to fight forest fires in multiple regions of Albania, acting in close coordination with local authorities under the directive of President Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan.

The mission deployed aircraft and a specialised team equipped with advanced monitoring tools to tackle the fires effectively. Over several days, the team conducted 15 aerial sorties, dropping over 600,000 kilograms of water to contain the blazes and prevent their spread towards residential areas.

Despite facing extreme heat and rugged terrain, the emirate’s efforts have been critical in managing fire activity and reducing risk to communities.

Abu Dhabi earns global distinction

“We are deeply honoured. Our strategic collaboration with NFPA has elevated our workforce capabilities and fostered a holistic safety ecosystem across Abu Dhabi.”

Abu Dhabi Civil Defence has earned global distinction for its proactive leadership in fire and life safety. Through collaboration with NFPA, the authority has achieved significant reductions in firerelated fatalities, invested in high-impact training for professionals, and fostered a resilient safety culture across Abu Dhabi.

The recognition reflects both a strategic commitment to innovation and tangible results in public safety.

The authority’s Director General, H.E. Brigadier General Salem Abdulla Al

6 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Dhaheri, commented: “We are deeply honoured. Our strategic collaboration with NFPA has elevated our workforce capabilities and fostered a holistic safety ecosystem across Abu Dhabi.”

A standout achievement is the three-year certification programme developed in partnership with NFPA. This initiative offers advanced training for engineers, inspectors and hazardous materials specialists, reinforcing ADCDA’s dedication to professional development and operational excellence.

DUBAI INDUSTRY NEEDS STRONGER FIRE SAFETY PROGRAMMES Dubai’s rapid industrial expansion is driving greater fire safety complexities. As manufacturing and logistics facilities proliferate, so do risks tied to flammable materials, complex equipment, electrical systems and heightened human activity. Proactive fire risk assessments have become essential to manage these emerging challenges effectively. In Dubai, where industry and logistics play a strategic role in economic development, industrial facilities are multiplying.

These environments, which often involve complex manufacturing processes and high human activity, naturally carry heightened fire risks due to equipment, electrical systems, flammable materials and open flames.

While fire safety engineering programmes exist in various parts of the world, there is no nationally licensed undergraduate programme in the UAE specifically dedicated to fire risk analysis. While master’s and doctorallevel programmes in fire engineering do exist, practical industry experience plays a pivotal role in conducting effective assessments. Dubai Civil Defence has mandated that any fire protection design or audit must be conducted by DCDapproved and certified consultants.

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REGIONAL NEWS

Fatal Iraq fire under investigation On 16 July 2025, a devastating fire broke out at the Corniche Hypermarket Mall, a five-storey shopping centre in Kut, Iraq, claiming 67 lives, with dozens injured and at least 11 still missing.

The blaze began near a perfume section, possibly triggered by an air conditioning unit explosion, and was greatly worsened by the building’s lack of emergency exits, alarms, fire extinguishers and use of flammable materials. Rescue efforts saved many, but recovery operations continue amid tragic losses and identification challenges.

The government has launched investigations, taken legal action, declared three days of mourning, and called for reforms in building safety protocols. The fire has also prompted political fallout, including the resignation of the provincial governor, underscoring longstanding concerns over Iraq’s construction oversight and safety standards.

Wildfires lead to firefighter fatalities

Ten firefighter and rescue workers were killed and 14 others were injured while fighting wildfires in a forested area of Eskisehir province, north-west Türkiye.

Forestry Ministry Ibrahim Yumakli said five of the dead were forestry personnel and five were members of the AKUT rescue organisation. The team were trapped when a sudden change of wind swept the fire towards them and they were engulfed.

The cause of the fire is not known, but

8 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Türkiye has been facing extreme high temperatures and wind shifts over the summer months. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan shared his condolences on X: “I pray for God’s mercy on our brothers and sisters who fought at the cost of their lives to protect our forests, and I offer my condolences to their families and our nation.” Hundreds of wildfires have forced tens of thousands of people out of their homes in Türkiye this year.

RECOGNITION FOR SAUDI MAN’S BRAVERY A young Saudi man has been recognised for his exceptional bravery by King Salman, following a recommendation from Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, after his life saving action when he came across a burning tuck at a fuel station.

Maher Fahd Al Dalbahi jumped into the truck, which the driver had abandoned, and drove it away from the fuel station, preventing catastrophic damage and almost certain loss of life.

Al Dalbahi suffered first and seconddegree burns to his face, head and limbs. He was promptly transferred to King Saud Medical City in Riyadh, where specialised medical teams are providing treatment.

Prince Mohammed bin Abdulrahman (Deputy Emir of Riyadh) personally called Al Dalbahi and instructed health authorities to ensure he receives the best possible medical care. In recognition of his exceptional bravery, King Salman, following a recommendation from Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, awarded Al Dalbahi the King Abdulaziz Medal (First Class) along with a 1 million Riyal (approx. $267,000) cash reward.

REGIONAL NEWS

FIRE TRIAL IN TÜRKIYE Thirty two people have gone on trial in Türkiye over a hotel fire at a ski resort, which killed 78 people including 36 children.

More than 130 people were injured when the 12 storey building was destroyed. Thirteen of the defendants face up to 1998 years in prison on 78 charges including “Manslaughter with possible intent”. Both survivors and experts have said that the hotels’ fire alarms didn’t work. It’s also alleged that an inspection report drawn up a month before the fire showed a lack of fire safety measurements, but that the hotel owners failed to act on it because it would have been too costly.

Saudi mall fire settlement The end of August saw Arabian Shield Cooperative Insurance Co. announce that it had reached a final settlement agreement with Arabian Centres Co, for an insurance claim that was related to the 2022 fire at Dhahran Mall in the Eastern Province.

In May 2022 a partial fire broke out in the mall, which the Civil Defense teams were able to contain. Although there were no major casualties there was damage to parts of the mall. The settlement value totalled SR250 million.

UAE school buses safety makeover School buses in the United Arab Emirates are to be a whole lot safer, thanks to Reacton Fire Suppression systems being retrofitted to the transport following a government directive.

As of April 2025, the Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology

brought in new rules that required older buses with 22 seats or more to be fitted with fire safety systems.

According to the Ministry, around 2,500 buses have already been fitted with the automatic extinguishers, out of a 17,000-strong fleet.

JORDAN OFFERS SUPPORT TO SYRIA Jordanian Civil Defence personnel are continuing to provide support to Syria to combat waves of fire which have swept along large areas of the Syrian coast. This move is part of a broader Jordanian strategy aimed at supporting Syria’s stability and territorial integrity, a point His Majesty King Abdullah has emphasised on multiple occasions. The JCD’s participation, led by Brigadier General Munther Al-Ajarmah, takes on added importance in light of the increasing scale of the fires that have devoured thousands of dunams of land, including forests; has displaced dozens of families; and caused significant environmental and economic losses.

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 9

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Whatever your fire protection challenge, Advanced brings you unrivalled solutions Effectively protecting people and property from fire can be complex. Advanced simplifies the challenge without compromising on safety.

Whether you need powerful networking, smoke control and fire audio for large-scale UL projects; extinguishing control and fire system redundancy for critical sites; or fast, fuss-free EN solutions for smaller, wireless installations, Advanced brings you fire safety peace of mind.

Creating a safer future Visit us at Intersec Saudi Arabia on stand 5-D36 Advanced – made in the UK. Trusted around the world.

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PROMOTIONAL FEATURE

Advanced at Intersec Saudi Arabia: Shaping the future of fire safety Advanced will be in attendance at Intersec Saudi Arabia later this month. Shadi Elhag, Business Development Manager – Middle East, tells us more about what visitors can expect From 29 September to 1 October 2025, the Riyadh International Convention & Exhibition Center (RICEC) will once again host Intersec Saudi Arabia, bringing together fire safety professionals, security specialists and decision-makers from across the region. At Stand 5-D36, Advanced will showcase its portfolio of UL and EN fire protection technologies, demonstrating how the company is supporting the Kingdom’s ambitious development plans with reliable, adaptable solutions.

Scalable UL platforms

Saudi Arabia’s rapid urban expansion continues to drive demand for UL-listed fire safety systems, particularly for tall buildings, mission-critical infrastructure and major residential developments.

Advanced’s Axis AX platform, approved to UL 864 10th Edition, is engineered to meet these needs with scalability, powerful networking and high performance at its core.

The system can be configured for anything from a small two-panel network to a 200-node installation, delivering fast communication, advanced cause-andeffect programming and straightforward setup. Available in red or grey enclosures, Axis AX also provides design flexibility to suit a wide range of environments.

Where voice evacuation is required, Axis AX offers integrated audio with both pre-recorded and live paging, supported by multiple channels for clear messaging.

PerfectSync technology ensures strobes

and audio remain coordinated across even the largest networks, eliminating confusion during an evacuation. An optional emergency telephone system further enhances communication in high-rise or multi-use buildings.

Next-generation EN solutions

Saudi Arabia is one of the few markets where both EN and UL standards are widely specified. For EN projects, Advanced’s enhanced Axis EN panel delivers faster processing, improved configuration options and more energyefficient power supplies.

Hybrid operation allows wired and wireless devices to be combined within a single installation, making Axis EN particularly effective for heritage or operational sites where cabling would be disruptive. Its compatibility with mesh wireless devices ensures dependable performance while minimising installation impact.

Protection beyond detection

Alongside its control panels, Advanced will highlight complementary technologies that expand protection across different building types.

AlarmCalm, available in Axis EN systems, reduces false alarms by enabling tailored investigation delays and verification strategies. Separate settings can be applied to kitchens, bedrooms or public areas, cutting costly and disruptive evacuations.

DynamixSmoke provides intuitive smoke control configuration for fans, dampers and stairwell pressurisation.

Its grid-based interface simplifies programming while supporting interlocks, post-alarm purging and automated testing.

Redundant panel options ensure continuity during faults, providing vital resilience for critical facilities such as telecoms hubs, hospitals and data centres.

ExGo delivers reliable gas extinguishing control with EN approvals, protecting high-value assets in singleflooding zones where water damage is unacceptable.

Oman’s Bidbid Tunnel, a critical infrastructure project along the Bidbid-Sur road, is equipped with a sophisticated Axis AX fire safety system from Advanced

Solutions for every scale

For smaller applications, AxisGo provides the power of the Axis EN platform in a compact, single-loop panel that is non-networkable but quick to set up via Advanced’s ConfigTool.

For conventional systems, QuickZone continues to provide dependable protection across up to 32 zones. Easy to install and maintain, it is available in both standard and XL formats, fully approved to EN54 Parts 2 and 4.

Partnering for progress

The demand for adaptable fire protection across Saudi Arabia is greater than ever.

Advanced is working closely with regional distribution partners while seeking new collaborations to further strengthen fire safety provision in the Kingdom.

By combining world-class engineering expertise with a commitment to usability, innovation and sustainability, Advanced is helping customers meet today’s regulations while preparing for future safety challenges.

Visitors to Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025 are invited to meet the team at Stand 5-D36, where Advanced will demonstrate its range of fire protection technologies and discuss project requirements. advancedco.com

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 11

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

USA The International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) has announced the IAFC Fire Chief of the Year 2025 honourees at Fire Rescue International (FRI) in Orlando, FL. This year’s recipients have been named as Volunteer Fire Chief Daniel Krushinski of the East Franklin Fire Department in Somerset, New Jersey, and Career Fire Chief Jeremy Craft of the Lehi Fire Department in Lehi, Utah.

Krushinski has spent more than two decades in the fire service and has helped establish a Water Rescue Team and secured specialised rescue boats in response to lessons learned from Hurricane Ida. Craft’s career has been focused on a commitment to firefighter health and safety, and has campaigned for presumptive cancer coverage, early screening and accountability measures to help protect firefighters statewide.

BELGIUM The mainstage of Belgium’s Tomorrowland festival was completely destroyed by fire less than 48 hours ahead of the festival site opening to 100,000 people. Several hundred firefighters worked to save the main stage. Antwerp prosecutors have opened an investigation, though they said the fire appeared accidental. Initially the fire was thought to have been started during pyrotechnic testing, but it seems that it was caused by a fault with the lighting rig. Experts from the firefighting and entertainment industry are not surprised by how quickly the fire spread, due to most of the stage being constructed from wood and polystyrene – both of which are highly flammable.

INDIA Over 1,000 first responders are to receive awards as part of India’s Independence Day celebrations this year. The honours include Gallantry Awards, the President’s Medal for Distinguished Service and the Medal for Meritorious Service. Sixty two medals have been awarded to members of the fire service, including six medals for gallantry, five presidential medals for distinguished service and 41 medals for meritorious service.

PACIFIC US shipping company Matson has temporarily banned the transport of electric vehicles (EVs) and plugin hybrid vehicles (PGEVs) on its ships over safety concerns. The decision affects routes between Hawaii, Guam, Alaska and the US Mainland, which creates problems for private owners and car manufacturers trying to move cars in the pacific. The decision has come after the sinking of the Morning Midas in June, a British owned ship, where a fire started on a deck carrying EVs, which would likely have been intensified by Lithium-Ion batteries.

The loss of this ship follows the loss of the Fremantle Highway and the Felicity Ace, both of which were carrying EVs when they were lost.

12 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

SOUTH AFRICA The South African city of Tshwane is seeking legal instruments to prohibit private firefighting services operating in the city without proper authorisation. The city alleges that these services are contravening national and local legislation governing emergency services. However, the metro’s legal team has been hit with a judgment ordering them to pay costs to the Sinoville Firefighting Association as they did not obtain the necessary mandate in time to act on behalf of the metro in the court application.

SINGAPORE Eighteen individuals from India are to be recognised by Singapore with the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) Community Lifesaver Award for saving 16 children and six adults from a fire at a threestorey shophouse that housed a children’s enrichment centre, Newtonshow Camp and the Tomato Cooking School.

The group of construction workers came to the aid of 22 individuals, including the sevenyear-old son of the Deputy Chief Minister of Ahdhra Pradesh, when they became trapped in a fire.

Industrial and marine notification solutions High output, robust audible and visual warning signals for demanding environments

The AlertAlarm range of alarm horn sounders are the next generation of audible signals for fire alarm notification in industrial and harsh environments.

The robust thermoplastic or aluminum enclosures are rated Type 4/4X and capable of alarm tone sound output of up to 124dB(A). The compact Xenon strobe and LED multifunction beacons can be installed as standalone visual signals or combined with an audible alarm device.

UL, cUL, ULC and DNV approved for industrial or marine fire applications, the AlertAlarm range is also MED and CPR compliant (EN54-3 & EN54-23). All signals feature low current consumption and E2S auto-synchronization technology.

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Rapid response starts with the right doors For over 40 years, Jewers’ has been supplying bi-folding doors to the emergency services.

Our sideways-opening doors provide full-height headroom and a clear line of sight allowing emergency vehicles a safe and quick getaway every time.

Fully insulated doors help temperature regulation, minimizing heat loss in cold environments and maintaining a cool atmosphere in hot climates. Additionally, our fully glazed doors not only allow natural light to illuminate the station but also enhance its aesthetic appeal.

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PRODUCT NEWS

Collaboration for thermal imaging drones market

LEDLENSER’S BRIGHT FUTURE Ledlenser has revealed its fourth generation of the P-Series, which features the use of 75 per cent recycled aluminium, making it an environmentally friendly choice for users needing reliable lighting in various settings.

The P7R is an updated version of a classic Ledlenser flashlight, featuring enhancements such as increased brightness, improved handling and a Mode Select Ring. This new mechanism allows users to easily switch between light modes, activate transport lock and access USB-C charging, even in low visibility or while wearing gloves.

Its design includes One Touch Focus, allowing for easy adjustment of the beam from floodlight to spotlight, which is useful in demanding conditions. This model, along with others in the P-Series, features the Advanced Focus System, which optimises lighting transitions. ledlenser.co.uk

Teledyne FLIR OEM has announced a collaboration with Japanese drone manufacturer ACSL to integrate its advanced thermal imaging modules into new drone payloads.

The partnership has focused on ACSL’s SAMO thermal payload, which combines a 64MP visible camera with the Hadron 640R dual thermal-visible camera system.

This payload incorporates FLIR’s patented Multi-Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) technology, which overlays visible details onto thermal imagery for improved clarity.

The SAMO system is designed for realtime imaging, supporting applications in

public safety, disaster response and inspection. ACSL’s foldable SOTEN drone, which features a weather-resistant design, a flight time of 25 minutes, and a swappable payload capability, is intended to enhance operational efficiency in these sectors.

The companies showcased the SOTEN drone and SAMO payload at the Commercial UAV Expo in Las Vegas from 2 to 4 September 2025. oem.flir.com/en-gb/

Ready to evacuate EVAC+CHAIR has recently unveiled its Evac+Power 1000H. Designed for rapid deployment and ease of use, this new model enhances manoeuvrability and simplifies storage.

Equipped with an integrated 36 V lithium-ion battery, the 1000H delivers smooth and controlled stairway ascent and descent, providing up to 90 minutes (or 150 flights of stairs) of continuous use on a full charge. This allows for the evacuation of multiple people quickly and safely when every second counts.

Claire Blakemore, Managing Director of Evac+Chair, commented: “…whilst a fire

might be the first scenario that springs to mind where an Evac+Chair could be utilised, they can also be deployed in a wide range of scenarios such as during health emergencies, lift failures and natural disasters.” evacchair.co.uk

AJAX SYSTEMS LAUNCHES EN54 LINE Ajax Systems is redefining fire safety via the introduction of the EN54 Line – the most user-centric and fully wireless fire detection and alarm system tailored for commercial and municipal sites.

“EN54 Line is more than a new product line — it’s our statement and a real revolution in fire safety. Intuitive, scalable, and future-ready — these are the main pillars of our latest innovation,” said

Aleksandr Konotopskyi, Chairman of the Supervisory Board at Ajax Systems.

The CIE features built-in Ethernet, Wi-Fi and dual SIM slots, eliminating the need for separate communicators. It maintains continuous communication with monitoring stations and Ajax apps while managing up to 200 addressable devices and 40 fire zones. ajax.systems

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 15

COVER STORY | CLARKE FIRE

We take fire protection personally For over 60 years, Clarke has served the fire protection industry.

Its global workforce, with over 2,500 years of combined technical knowledge, supports over 200,000 installations worldwide In a small corner office of a regional distributorship of GM Diesel in 1964, a key decision was made: To begin selling General Motors’ diesel industrial engines as fire pump engines. Within 15 years, Detroit Diesel Engine Division (formerly General Motors’ Diesel Industrial Engines) transferred its fire pump engine certification and global marketing to

16 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Clarke GM Diesel, effectively setting the stage for the development of the industry’s most influential and dedicated fire pump engine manufacturing company: Clarke Fire Protection Products.

Since the 1980s, Clarke has focused on improving the reliability and operation of fire protection systems. It has developed industry solutions such as dual starters

and dual electronic control modules for reliable engine starting; pump-ready bases and driveshaft couplings for alignment and vibration control; engine enclosures for weather protection; and variable speed pressure-limiting drivers to manage system pressure. Since 2010, Clarke has grown significantly into the industrial and energy sectors with engine

COVER STORY | CLARKE FIRE

platforms capable of up to 1200HP and specialised options to support onshore and offshore energy projects worldwide.

Clarke FAQs

Igniting the future of fire pump engines

Engineering innovation at Clarke is more than just a marketing buzzword. Its passion has been rooted in designing and engineering a better fire pump engine for pump companies around the world.

This engineering and thereby ‘continuous improvement’ culture continues to define the company’s mission to protect people and property at all costs.

Within the last year, two global product enhancements were released with end user maintenance teams and service dealers in mind. Clarke’s new Touch Screen Engine Instrument Panels (TSP) include intuitive touch screen commands for operating the engine, testing alarms and conducting start-up and annual tests.

The new platforms also include event data recording and electronic circuitry protection technology.

In addition, Clarke’s NSR heat exchangers were engineered to enhance cooling performance, provide options for aggressive sea water and to give service providers the ability to remove and clean the heat exchangers’ cooling components as needed for long term maintenance.

Why choose a diesel fire pump engine?

Diesel fire pump engines provide the best value when considering installation costs and minimising potential losses when compared to electric motors.

A major advantage of this type of driver is its reliability as it can operate independently from the electric grid.

How do fire pump engines work?

When exposed to heat in a fire, fire sprinkler heads activate and release pressurised water from sprinkler piping. Sensors detect the pressure drop, which sends a signal to the fire pump controller, which then automatically starts the engine and provides power to the pump to increase water flow and pressure to the sprinkler lines.

Why should I buy Clarke Genuine Parts instead of third-party components?

Only Clarke Genuine Parts are manufactured to the precise specifications of Clarke diesel engines. Third-party components may compromise performance, void warranties or even put lives at risk due to incompatibility or failure under fire system conditions.

Clarke’s new Touch Screen Engine Instrument Panels (TSP) include intuitive touch screen commands

Clarke’s NSR heat exchangers were engineered to enhance cooling performance

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 17

COVER STORY | CLARKE FIRE

“Clarke is a quality product, obviously... It’s synonymous when you talk about diesel engines... most cases, they’re going to say Clarke. Most of the competitors are obviously chastened for good reason. It’s not just that, they’ve been ahead of the game the whole time. They also have been leaders in the market and innovation, and in what they’re doing” Jason Halle, Regional Sales Manager, Peerless Pump Company

When you buy Clarke, you are buying ‘Sleep Insurance’

investing in a Clarke Diesel Fire Pump Engine provides peace of mind, knowing your project is protected by a supplier partner who has demonstrated longevity in the fire protection market and has shown the ability to adapt to changing market conditions, while still providing a competitively priced product that meets the performance requirements of the fire pump and site conditions.

Remember that the engine you choose is an investment in the reputation of your business which should never be tainted by a poorly performing product or supplied by an alternative supplier with unproven technology. Clarke provides reassurance that when parts or service are required, Clarke has service dealers and technicians to quickly resolve the issue. Clarke makes you part of a family of fire protection professionals who know how important it is to use only the most reliable components in protecting lives and property. Over the expected 20-25year operational life of a fire pump, Clarke engines prove to be the total lowest cost investment for end users based on their longevity and easy serviceability. This means you can sleep soundly knowing Clarke was the right choice.

Partnering with industryleading OEMs

Trusted solutions require trusted partners. Just as its customers trust Clarke to provide a fire pump engine for their specific installation and application, Clarke trusts the original equipment manufacturers (OEM) to provide a robustly designed, well-built product. Clarke’s relationship with

world-class OEMs illustrates its commitment to achieving excellence through every engine sold and installed.

John Deere, Caterpillar and HD Hyundai Infracore embody the same world class manufacturing principles of using technology, lean methodologies, continuous improvement and problem solving that Clarke has relied on for over 60 years.

What does the future hold for Clarke?

Clarke continues to invest significantly in R&D to develop new engine platforms that will benefit customers operating in the commercial, industrial and energy market sectors. It is also close to completing several projects in the coming months and promises to share more details about these exciting developments with customers towards the end of 2025.

clarkefire.com

18 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

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CAR PARKS | EV REMEDIATION

Eiad Shami, Principle Fire and Life Safety Consultant, WSP Middle East, considers the remediation of existing car parks to accommodate electric vehicles

20 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

CAR PARKS | EV REMEDIATION

The global shift toward electric mobility is no longer a speculative forecast, it is a present-day transformation. With governments pushing for decarbonisation, manufacturers phasing out internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and green infrastructure policies advancing, electric vehicles (EVs) are now becoming the dominant occupants of parking facilities in cities worldwide.

This transition, however, introduces a profound fire and life safety challenge: existing car parks were never designed for the unique risks posed by EVs. Recent fire events involving electric vehicles and battery energy storage systems (BESS) have underscored the severity of thermal runaway, smoke toxicity, re-ignition and suppression limitations in real-world settings. From EV fires in underground parking structures to charging station malfunctions in residential towers, each incident contributes to a growing consensus among fire professionals.

Legacy car parks require urgent remediation to remain safe now they face a new hazard profile, compliant and operationally resilient.

Key differences compared to ICE vehicles

The EV fire risk landscape

Moreover, emergency procedures and maintenance remain optimised for ICE risks and are ill-equipped for EV hazards, even as operators promote EVs by allocating prime parking near asset entrances.

Lithium-ion batteries under abuse conditions can enter thermal runaway, releasing flammable electrolytes, generating extreme heat, and creating self-sustaining fires. A single cell failure can cascade through an entire pack, exceeding 1,100°C, and producing toxic gases. Unlike ICE fires, which are localised, EV fires engulf the whole vehicle and produce dense, toxic smoke.

The invisible onset of EV fires and latent re-ignition risk after suppression are particularly dangerous in underground or poorly ventilated structures, where escape routes can be compromised quickly.

Legacy car park limitations

Most car parks built before 2020 were not intended to host EVs or charging infrastructure. Key limitations include: Lack of fire-rated separation between charging areas and building cores.

Outdated detection systems relying solely on smoke detection.

Low-capacity sprinkler or standpipe systems with no consideration of lithium-ion suppression needs.

Characteristic

ICE Vehicle

EV Vehicle

Ignition Source

Fuel system, engine

Battery thermal runaway

Smoke Toxicity

CO, hydrocarbons

HF, CO, VOCs, soot

Fire Duration

Typically localised, shorter

Long, may reignite

Detection Visibility

Audible and visible early

Silent onset possible

Suppression

Effective with sprinklers

Requires prolonged cooling, large water volumes

Peak Heat Release Rate

Moderate and gradual (~ 2 – 4 MW)

High and rapid (~5–7 MW); escalates quickly after runaway

Fire Growth Rate

Slower growth allows more occupant reaction and firefighter intervention time

Rapid fire growth leaves less time before untenable conditions and peak HRR are reached

Limited ventilation rates that are designed to address CO2 control, especially in basement levels.

No integrated gas detection or toxic fume extraction.

No zoning control, allowing mixed use of ICE and EVs side-by-side.

Real-world incidents highlight the risk

Several recent global fire events offer critical lessons: Stuttgart, Germany (2022): An EV caught fire in an underground car park, filling multiple basement levels with smoke. Suppression took hours, and re-ignition occurred during vehicle extraction.

Shanghai, China (2021): A charging station malfunction caused a battery fire in a commercial building’s car park, leading to partial structural collapse.

Arizona, USA (2019): A lithium-ion battery system exploded during suppression operations, severely injuring four firefighters. While not a vehicle fire, the battery dynamics mirrored EV hazards.

These events reinforce the importance of both physical system upgrades and emergency planning modifications tailored to EVs. Most car park fire design assumptions stem from 1970s–80s ICE vehicles with lower plastics and fuel loads. Modern cars, with higher polymer content, drive faster fire growth, higher heat release and more smoke, even before EV hazards are considered. Events like the Liverpool Arena fire (2017) and Luton Airport collapse (2023) show current design parameters are already outdated.

Strategies for fire and life safety remediation

To transition existing car parks into future-ready infrastructure, remediation strategies should be both holistic and phased, accounting for fire science, code compliance and operational resilience.

Zoning and fire compartmentation Designate dedicated EV charging zones, located near exits and away from vertical shafts, mechanical rooms, or building cores.

Install fire-rated barriers or enclosures around charging areas, especially when installed in enclosed or basement zones.

Use thermal separation and spacing between chargers and vehicle bays to limit lateral fire spread.

Apply post-installed fire barriers where feasible, such as suspended fire-rated ceilings or concrete block enclosures.

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 21

CAR PARKS | EV REMEDIATION

Detection and early warning systems Given the silent onset of thermal runaway, enhanced detection is vital. Detection systems should be selected based on location type, ventilation conditions and fire risk profile.

Recommended (baseline for EV zones): Multi-criteria detectors (smoke + heat) Especially in areas where ventilation may delay traditional smoke detection.

Offers better immunity to nuisance alarms compared to single technology detectors.

Air sampling detection systems (e.g., VESDA) Useful in enclosed or poorly ventilated underground levels, where early smoke particles may accumulate before a fire is visible.

Recommended if ceiling heights and obstructions reduce effectiveness of point detectors.

“EV fires tend to involve the full vehicle body and generate a dense smoke plume with low visibility and high toxicity”

Optional (project-specific enhancements): Thermal imaging cameras or infrared sensors Only in high-density EV charging clusters or where EV turnover is high (e.g., public or fast-charging facilities).

Supports continuous temperature monitoring of battery packs; not usually needed in low-volume private car parks.

Hydrogen fluoride (HF) or CO detectors Recommended in underground or semi-enclosed car parks where smoke control is limited and vented battery gases may accumulate.

Should be integrated with mechanical ventilation control.

Smoke control and ventilation Because smoke inhalation causes most fire fatalities, EV car parks should provide 10–12 ACH ventilation, detection-linked extraction fans, HF/CO/VOC monitoring, pressurised egress routes and backup power for life safety systems.

While HF and CO gas detectors are increasingly used in battery energy storage systems (BESS) to identify early stages of thermal runaway, this approach has not yet been widely adapted to car park environments despite their clear relevance.

Operational readiness is as vital as infrastructure. EV charging should be limited to supervised hours, with inspections, thermography and fire drills built into routine practice. Coordination with civil defence, digital sharing of layouts and team training on suppression, battery risks and evacuation complete the framework.

Suppression systems While sprinklers contain vehicle fires, they fall short for lithium-ion events.

EV zones should use higher-density heads, supplemented by water mist or fog systems, remote charging shutoffs and drainage with oil-water separators.

Alternatives like foams or inert gases may help but require compatibility checks.

22 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Passive protection: structural and compartmentation elements Concrete car parks resist fire, but EV heat can still cause spalling and steel deformation. Protection should include coatings on structural elements, retrofitted barriers, sealed voids and regular inspection of passive systems.

Operational safety measures and emergency planning

Codes, standards and the future of regulation

Remediation should align with current and emerging codes, including but not limited to: Saudi Building Code (SBC 201) and Saudi Fire Code (SBC 801)

NFPA 88A – Parking Structures NFPA 855 – Energy Storage Systems UL 9540A – Battery Fire Testing Methodology IEC 61851 / NEC 625 – EV Charging Installations SFPE Fire Risk Index Tools for LithiumIon Batteries As regulations evolve, it is anticipated that EV-specific clauses will become codified in national standards; remediation should be designed with forward compliance in mind.

From legacy to future-ready

The rise of EVs is inevitable, but the preparedness of our infrastructure is not. Car parks once considered low risk, now face an emerging class of hazards that demand proactive remediation.

Integrating fire engineering design, system upgrades and operational excellence is no longer optional, it is critical for life safety, property protection and business continuity.

By adopting a future-ready approach, asset owners and designers can not only safeguard their facilities but contribute to a safer, smarter and more resilient urban environment. The investment in safety today is a safeguard for tomorrow’s mobility. wsp.com

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PROMOTIONAL FEATURE

Safeguarding the Kingdom’s Future AVD Fire is making a call for collaboration, with its lithium-ion battery fire solutions ready to advance Saudi Arabia’s public sector protection Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 is driving rapid transformation across smart cities, transport, renewable energy and digital infrastructure. Central to this shift is the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries — powering everything from electric vehicles (EVs) and metro systems to energy storage, defence equipment and data centres.

But with this innovation comes risk.

Lithium-ion battery fires are fast, volatile and extremely difficult to control using traditional extinguishers. For public sector organisations across the Kingdom, a new class of suppression technology is essential.

AVD Fire, a UK-based leader in lithiumion fire safety, is bringing its proven solutions to Saudi Arabia. The company’s specialist Lithium-Ion Fire Extinguishers and Fire Blankets are engineered to suppress and contain these unique fire risks, protecting people, assets and infrastructure.

Lithium-ion batteries can enter thermal runaway when damaged or overheated, releasing toxic gases, re-igniting repeatedly, and in some cases exploding.

The consequences for public safety are severe — from EV fires in car parks and depots to energy storage failures in public buildings.

Traditional water, powder or foam extinguishers are ineffective and may worsen the danger. AVD Fire’s solutions are based on Aqueous Vermiculite Dispersion (AVD), a patented agent that rapidly cools and smothers fires while forming a protective, non-conductive barrier to prevent re-ignition.

Proven in the Middle East

AVD Fire’s products are already operational across the region: Qatari Civil Defence Approval – Official certification for use of AVD Fire’s lithium battery fire extinguishers.

Dubai Metro Network – AVD fire blankets installed across the entire metro system, covering all platforms and carriages.

These achievements demonstrate the trust placed in AVD Fire by regional authorities and underline the technology’s scalability in public sector projects.

Product range for Saudi Arabia

AVD Fire now offers its complete range to organisations in the Kingdom: Lithium-Ion Fire Extinguishers – Portable units (2L, 6L, 9L,) and mobile trolley versions (25L & 50L) for airports, industrial plants, transport depots, and military facilities.

Fire Blankets – Containment for all Electric Vehicles, and high batterypowered equipment. Essential for car parks, metro stations and emergency response.

Applications

Transport & EV Infrastructure – Protecting government fleets, charging stations, metro systems and depots.

Airports, Defence, Critical Infrastructure and Emergency Services – Equipping brigades with lithium battery fire extinguishers and EV fire blankets to handle newgeneration risks.

Smart Cities and Renewable Energy – Fire safety for solar farms, battery energy storage and connected infrastructure.

Education and Research – Protecting universities and laboratories working with advanced energy storage.

Partnership opportunities

While AVD Fire has established success in Qatar and the UAE, the company

does not yet have a business partner in Saudi Arabia. We are actively seeking new partnerships with distributors, government suppliers and organisations specialising in civil defence, transport and critical infrastructure safety.

This is a unique opportunity to bring world-leading lithium-ion battery fire suppression into the Kingdom at a crucial stage of national development. All AVD Fire products are performance-tested, and supported by full training and technical documentation.

Contact us

To explore how AVD Fire’s Lithium-Ion Fire Extinguishers, lithium battery fire extinguishers and fire blanket solutions can support your department’s fire safety strategy — or to discuss partnership opportunities in the Kingdom — please visit: www.avdfire.com AVD Fire will be at 29 September – 1 October 2025 at the Riyadh International Convention & Exhibition Centre (RICEC)

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 25

GEN III FOAM PROPORTIONERS RELIABLE, COST-SAVING AND ECO-FRIENDLY: GEN III is the next evolution level of hydraulic foam proportioners for firefighting from FireDos. Sturdier, smaller, safer, and more functional: GEN III features a lot of improvements which make operation even more efficient and comfortable. The proportioner consists of a water motor and piston pump and handles all types of foam agents, even extremely high-viscous, alcohol-resistant and fluorine-free ones. Furthermore, GEN III is a purely mechanic system and allows testing the proportioning rate in a cost-saving and eco-friendly way, producing no foam at all.

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FOAM | PRESSURE REGULATION

PRECISION UNDER PRESSURE Jason Voerman, Regional Sales Manager – MEA, Firedos, looks at why smart pressure regulation is the backbone of foam fire suppression systems In high-hazard environments such as refineries, chemical processing plants, aircraft hangars and tank farms, foam fire suppression systems are a first line of defence against flammable liquid fires. But while the foam itself often takes centre stage, what’s less visible (but no less vital) is pressure regulation.

Behind every effective knockdown is a finely tuned balance of pressure and proportioning.

Getting the balance wrong can mean the difference between a successful suppression effort and system failure.

Let’s explore why pressure control is essential in fixed foam proportioning systems, the tools available to achieve it, and how smart system design ensures readiness when every second counts.

The hidden variable

Foam proportioning systems work by mixing a foam concentrate with water at a

precise ratio; typically, 1%, 3% or 6%, to produce a solution discharged through nozzles, monitors or other delivery devices. Achieving this ratio in the venturi type proportioners consistently depends on stable pressure across both the water and foam concentrate inlets.

This is in contrast to variable viscosity water driven foam proportioners which are largely unaffected.

Venturi type proportioning systems are calibrated for specific flow rates and pressures. If those pressures fluctuate due to pump surges, elevation changes, valve restrictions or variable demand, the system may deliver a foam solution that’s too lean (ineffective) or too rich (potentially corrosive and wasteful).

Either scenario can compromise firefighting performance.

Proper pressure control ensures the foam concentrate enters the mixing point at the correct pressure relative to water

flow, enabling consistent, reliable foam generation.

Regulating pressure in foam systems

There are several methods used to manage and stabilise pressure in foam systems. The right choice depends on system complexity, operational demands and long-term maintainability.

Pressure Control Valves (PCVs) PCVs are the most widely used solution for regulating foam concentrate pressure. These valves automatically adjust to maintain a steady outlet pressure. When system pressure exceeds the valve’s set point, the valve throttles to maintain balance.

PCVs are available in various configurations: spring-loaded, diaphragmoperated and pilot-operated, each suited to different flow profiles. For high-volume

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 27

FOAM | PRESSURE REGULATION

“Getting the balance wrong can mean the difference between a successful suppression effort and system failure.”

systems, pilot-operated valves are often favoured due to their fast response and fine-tuned precision.

Relief Valves for Overpressure Protection Relief valves don’t control pressure during normal operations, but they play a key safety role. If a pressure spike occurs due to thermal expansion, valve closure or pump surge, a relief valve opens to release excess pressure and protect the system.

These valves are usually installed downstream of the PCV and set to open slightly above their calibration point.

Orifices and Manual Balancing Valves In smaller or more stable systems, passive control devices like orifice plates and balancing valves help restrict flow and maintain predictable pressure levels.

These are cost-effective but lack real-time adjustability, making them best suited for systems with minimal pressure variation.

Strategic valve positioning in foam systems

One of the most common design questions in foam systems is where to install the PCV: upstream or downstream of the proportioner. Both approaches are valid, and the decision depends on system layout and performance goals.

Most systems place the PCV upstream of the proportioner. This ensures that the foam concentrate enters at a controlled and stable pressure. When water supply pressure fluctuates, as it often does in hydrant-fed systems or systems with long piping runs, an upstream PCV helps maintain a consistent mixing ratio. It also protects the proportioner from pressure spikes, which can lead to premature wear or performance issues.

However, in systems where backpressure is high or variable, such as those with elevation changes or long discharge piping, it may be advantageous to install the PCV downstream. This configuration regulates outlet pressure, ensuring smooth flow through the proportioner. It’s also useful in gravity-

28 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

fed systems where the foam concentrate tank is positioned above the proportioner, helping to prevent siphoning and providing more precise flow control.

Each configuration comes with tradeoffs. Upstream placement offers better protection for the proportioner and is generally more forgiving under variable flow conditions. Downstream placement helps manage challenging hydraulics but allows pressure surges to reach the proportioner before being controlled.

Designers should choose based on layout, flow dynamics and the specific demands of the facility.

System design best practices

To get the most from a pressure-regulated foam system, several best practices should be built into the design process: 1. Model the system early Hydraulic modelling can help identify pressure drops, flow imbalances and elevation-related challenges before construction begins. This allows for smarter component selection and PCV placement.

2. Match valve type to application Not all valves perform the same. Ensure the selected PCV suits the system’s flow rate, pressure range and foam concentrate type. Pilot-operated valves, for example, offer better performance in high-volume or variable-pressure environments.

3. Include gauges and monitoring points Gauges should be placed before and after key components like the PCV, proportioner and pump. In more advanced systems, pressure transmitters with remote monitoring can help detect early signs of imbalance or valve failure.

4. Design for maintenance and uptime Bypass lines, typically fitted with manual or automatic isolation valves, are installed around PCVs to enhance system flexibility.

Their key benefits include: Commissioning and testing: During startup or maintenance, bypasses

allow flow testing or flushing without engaging the PCV. Redundancy: If the PCV fails or becomes blocked, the bypass maintains flow continuity, albeit at unregulated pressure; a valuable failsafe in critical systems.

Maintenance: A bypass line around the PCV allows the valve to be inspected, tested or replaced without taking the system offline. This is especially important in facilities where uptime is critical.

5. Schedule regular testing and recalibration Pressure settings may drift over time.

Routine testing ensures the system remains within its design envelope and continues to deliver accurate proportioning.

Pressure isn’t a setting; it’s a strategy

Effective foam fire suppression hinges on precise hydraulic performance, with pressure regulation serving as a critical control parameter. In systems utilising balanced pressure proportioning or variable flow-rate injection, maintaining stable inlet and discharge pressures is essential to ensure accurate foam concentrate mixing. Deviations in pressure can lead to under- or over-application, compromising extinguishment efficiency and potentially escalating fire hazards.

In high-risk environments, pressure control is not merely a design consideration, it is a performance determinant. Ensuring pressure stability across all operating scenarios is fundamental to delivering reliable, repeatable fire suppression outcomes.

By prioritising pressure control during design, selecting the right valves and placement strategy, and committing to ongoing system validation, engineers can safeguard lives, assets and operations.

In facilities where downtime isn’t an option, precision isn’t a luxury; it’s nonnegotiable. firedos.com

UniVario: Tailored, Intelligent Fire Detection

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LLMS | TOOLKIT

Smart or risky?

Faris Alzahrani, OHS and fire safety practitioner investigates large language models (LLMs) in Fire Safety Engineering and explores how they can aid fire safety experts without compromising safety

Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, Claude and Deepseek, offer a significant shift for fire safety.

Although they bring transformative opportunities, they also introduce profound risks. The challenge is to adopt LLMs without affecting core values, such as preserving lives and assets.

Remember, our profession is built on values, codes, empirical evidence and accountability.

The promise: a powerful engineer’s toolkit

The impact brought by LLMs will surely be felt in fire safety. This is a result of LLM’s advanced language and pattern processing. They’re crucial in: 1. Information Retrieval – LLMs can be used to quickly recall information or generate summaries at a superordinate level, saving time that would otherwise be spent on manual searching.

2. Communication – LLMs can free engineers’ time from drafting texts and formal reporting for client communications.

3. Ideation – It serves as a brainstormer, generating lists of possibilities (e.g.,

30 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

common sources of false alarms) for deeper human investigation.

The peril: illusions of competence and critical risks

The LLM’s fundamental operations on probabilities, not truths, are the greatest danger. LLMs focus on predicting the next word in the sequence instead of the next accurate technical fact. This creates critical risks such as: Hallucinations – The models can generate sections of technical documents that are fabricated, yet appear convincing.

Outdated Knowledge – An LLM’s knowledge is stagnant after the model training data cutoff date, making it unaware of the latest updates.

Content Blindness – They cannot physically grasp the unvoiced boundaries of the projects or the intent behind a code clause.

The difference between being a helpful tool and a serious risk hinges on one fundamental skill: prompt engineering. The efficacy and safety of the results rely on the user’s ability to form professional prompts.

Case example 1: system deficiency classification Scenario: An inspection of a dry valve sprinkler system reveals a missing clapper latch assembly.

Poor prompting: “What is wrong with a dry valve if the clapper’s latch is missing?”

The LLM’s misleading answer: “A missing clapper latch may result in reduced efficiency, but routine maintenance should resolve it.”

The risk: This answer is technically incomplete. It doesn’t explain why, and what authoritative references are needed to classify the deficiency. An inexperienced technician could document this as an “observation” without highlighting its implications.

The well-engineered prompt: “Act as a senior fire inspector examining systems in a warehouse that has 500 sprinklers installed. You note a missing clapper latch in a dry-valve, with a capacity of 1150 gpm. Classify the deficiency according to NFPA 25, 2017 edition, detailing

LLMS | TOOLKIT

What is wrong with a dry valve if the clapper’s latch is missing?

What is the maximum travel distance to an exit in an office building?

1) Chapter/Section reference, 2) Deficiency classification, 3) Implication for system operability.”

The weak prompt: “What is the maximum travel distance to an exit in an office building?”

The LLM’s answer (paraphrased): “According to NFPA 25 (2017 Edition), a missing clapper latch is a critical deficiency.

Reference: NFPA 25, Chapter 13, which governs dry pipe valves.

Classification: This is typically classified as a ‘Critical Deficiency’ as it prevents the valve from functioning as designed and renders the entire system inoperable. When the most remote hydraulically-calculated sprinkler activates, the water flow through the valve assembly is minimal.

In the absence of a latch, the clapper may close. In such scenarios, a lot of force, between 3 to 5 times, is acting on the clapper’s upper side. Mostly, the clapper will not reopen until water is drained from the upper-side.

Required Action: The deficiency must be corrected immediately. The system should be tagged and considered impaired per NFPA 25 Chapter 16.

Implication: The system may not control a fire.

The LLM’s inadequate answer: “The maximum travel distance in a sprinklered office is typically 300 feet, as per NFPA 101.”

The value: This precise prompt forces the LLM to formulate its response against an authoritative standard. It provides actionable information that is professional and code-compliant.

Case example 2: calculating travel distances Scenario: You are performing a life safety analysis of a business occupancy.

The risk: This is a risky and oversimplified assessment. An untrained person could just take the 300 ft. and measure a direct line on a drawing without considering the obstacles that an occupant may encounter, leading to unsafe designs.

The professionally engineered prompt: “Define travel distance per NFPA 101 Life Safety Code, 2018 edition, for a sprinklered business occupancy.

Express how it is measured in a realworld environment with obstructions like furniture and partitions.”

The LLM’s accurate answer (paraphrased): “Per NFPA 101 (2018 Edition), 7.6.1, travel distance is defined as the actual path the occupant would take to the nearest exit from any point within a building.

Measurement: It must be measured along the natural and unobstructed walking path and include all fixed obstructions, furniture, etc.

Maximum Limit: For a sprinklered business occupancy, the maximum travel distance is 300 ft (Chapter 38.2.6.3); however, the distance must be measured based on the path taken, not a straight-line distance.”

The value: This specifically prompts the model to outline the most ambiguous concept regarding egressing and be anchored to the code’s intended application.

Ethical and professional responsibilities

The deployment of LLMs brings ethical and legal issues for which the engineer is legally liable and responsible, such as: Accountability – The engineer who seals a design is fully accountable.

Liability cannot be transferred for an LLM. Insurance will not cover errors caused by an AI that the engineer didn’t catch.

Standard of Care – A court in a negligence claim will evaluate the Engineer’s standard of care if exercised or not. Those who blindly rely entirely on an LLM would fail the test unquestionably.

IP and Privacy – If confidential information or copyrighted documents are shared on a public LLM, it creates a significant privacy and intellectual property risk. No one has complete control over how that data is used, stored or possibly leaked.

The engineers are the conductor

LLMs will undoubtedly be integrated into fire safety workflows. Despite being amplifiers of human judgment, they are not substitutes for it. Think of an LLM in its current state as a junior engineer: bright, fast and knowledgeable but in need of continuous oversight. That is, a managed tool. The best approach is to combine engineering with advanced prompt design while training LLMs to boost efficiency and output quality.

Systematic testing and verification must be applied to all generated content through primary driving documents such as codes, standards, and datasheets.

The engineer must be the conductor, able to assess the tool’s capabilities, interpret results in light of professional benchmarks, and process each output in line with the profession’s requirements.

Such tools can be used for drafting, summarising and assumption testing.

They must never be trusted to conclude, certify, or make code-informed judgments that form the core of the business.

Remember, people’s lives and properties are dependent on you!

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 31

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FIRE RESPONSE | INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

No longer blind Anthony D. Parfitt, Chairman, founder and inventor of Ci Global, looks at how intelligent building infrastructure is transforming fire response, and envisages a future where prevention leads

Our approach to fire safety is still stuck in the past. Buildings are fitted with the same old technologies that activate in response to a fire that has already started, rather than preventing a fire before it even has the chance to start.

As a result, when a building fire breaks out, incident commanders can be forced to make critical decisions with partial, outdated, or no information at all. Many firefighters are operating in the literal and metaphorical dark.

Tragically, around 13,500 people still lose their lives in building fires worldwide each year, according to the latest Centre of Fire Statistics research.

This is hard to believe against a technological backdrop where we’ve put robots on Mars, built 3D printers that can produce customised meals, and engineered medicines that target cancer cells with surgical precision – to name just a few.

But times may finally be changing.

Across the Gulf region and beyond, we are starting to see a quiet shift towards connected building safety systems that use live incident data to give emergency services real-time visibility.

The Middle East is uniquely positioned to lead this change. Governments here are already committed to next-generation infrastructure, from Dubai’s goal to be the world’s safest and smartest city, to Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.

With rapid urbanisation, high-rise development and growing pressure on firefighting resources, the need for safety infrastructure enabled by AI and IA is no longer optional. It’s urgent and vital.

From passive reaction to predictive intelligence

The future of fire safety will be based on not just new technology, but also a new mindset.

Where the old approach waited for a fire to start, modern intelligent infrastructure works continuously to prevent ignition and prepare for a more rapid, targeted response.

Embedded sensors are at the heart of this transformation. Unlike conventional smoke and heat detectors that simply sound alarms, these sensors are embedded into a building’s electrical systems and connected safety devices.

This means they can detect and prevent fire risks and other dangers early before they escalate.

Ideally these operate on edge computing, allowing them to process data locally and act in milliseconds using intelligent autonomy IA. This doesn’t have to wait for instructions from the cloud to instantly shut off power to a faulty circuit or close a gas or water valve to stop a leak.

Take the case of an overloaded electrical socket. Heat builds, melting

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 33

FIRE RESPONSE | INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

insulation and exposing live wires to carpets, curtains, or other flammable materials, potentially sparking a fire. With embedded thermal sensing, this never happens. The moment the temperature crosses a pre-set safety threshold; power is instantly cut. This removes the supply of electrical ‘fuel’ before a fire even has a chance to start.

Eyes in the sky

Even the most advanced prevention systems can’t eliminate every fire risk.

Human behaviour is unpredictable – candles can fall, cooking oils can overheat, and accidents can and do happen. As a result, next-generation safety strategies will need to combine prevention with technologies designed to limit and contain harm when incidents do inevitably occur.

One of the most valuable emerging tools is Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology – drones – which provide instant situational awareness during a fire. Across the Middle East, fire services are already putting them to work. Abu Dhabi Civil Defence recently unveiled Suhail, the world’s first jet-powered firefighting drone, while Saudi Arabian authorities deployed an AI-powered UAV for the first time during this year’s Hajj annual pilgrimage to support firefighting and rescue operations.

Drones can give incident commanders a real-time aerial view, with thermal imaging to locate occupants and identify safe exit routes before crews enter. Many also carry microphones and loudspeakers, enabling rescuers to issue clear instructions – and reassurance – to people trapped inside.

Seeing through smoke

In a fire, every second counts, and smoke robs people of both time and

clarity. As visibility drops, confusion sets in. Obstacles become harder to avoid.

Disorientation increases the risk of injury or worse.

Laser-guided navigation systems address this long-standing challenge for fire crews and rescue teams by projecting guidance paths that remain visible even through heavy smoke. Instead of relying on instinct, occupants and firefighters can follow colour-coded laser patterns on floors and walls to reach safety — with green indicating a clear route and red marking fire or danger.

When integrated with a smart building management system, the technology can adjust escape routes dynamically, using real-time hazard data to guide people away from danger. This is what firefighting should look like in the 21st century. No more blind spots or guessing.

The birth of digital twins

Behind these advances lies a powerful enabler: live 3D building maps that act as digital twins of real structures. Far from static blueprints, they are dynamic, data-rich, live models that use real-time sensor readings, occupant locations and environmental conditions throughout a building.

Some systems go further, delivering these maps through AR headsets so incident commanders can move through and see inside a building remotely, as if they were physically present.

Until recently, creating a 3D map was slow and expensive. But AI has changed all that. Modern systems can now generate maps from standard floor plans in minutes and populate them with live data streams from building sensors, security systems and mobile devices.

The result is a continuously updating and fully comprehensive operational picture that gives commanders the insight

to direct teams and deploy resources where it will have the greatest impact. Put simply: get people safely in and safely out in the shortest time with the lowest risk.

A new era of fire safety

Advances in AI and intelligent autonomy are driving a fundamental shift – from reactive firefighting to proactive prevention and intelligent emergency response.

By embedding sensors throughout buildings, creating real-time 3D situational awareness, deploying drones and guiding people through smoke-filled environments with lasers, the industry is moving beyond the limits of traditional fire safety approaches.

For the Middle East, this is more than an upgrade; it is an opportunity to pioneer and lead, setting the global standard for next generation building fire and safety infrastructure. One that other countries will want to follow once they see the results.

With the right investment and commitment, Gulf cities could become global models for how smart buildings protect lives and property in an increasingly urban and densely populated, high-rise world.

The question is no longer whether the technology exists or works – but how quickly it can be deployed at scale. ci.global

34 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

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COLLABORATION | SAFER FUTURES

SAFETY IN UNITY Cross-sector collaboration is the non-negotiable foundation of a safer future, says Zahi Daher, International Business Development Manager, KSA, National Fire Protection Association® (NFPA®) Saudi Arabia stands at the forefront of a historic transformation. Vision 2030 has propelled the Kingdom into one of the world’s most ambitious development journeys, with giga-projects like NEOM,

Qiddiya and The Red Sea reshaping the nation’s urban and economic landscape.

Yet, as we race to build futuristic cities and world-class infrastructure, one truth must remain non-negotiable – safety is

the foundation of progress.

Too often, fire and life safety are viewed as a technical requirement, it is important, yes, but secondary to the greater goals of scale, speed and

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 37

COLLABORATION | SAFER FUTURES

Without being anchored in a wider ecosystem of robust standards, trained professionals and strong governance, technology becomes a facade. It creates a false sense of security, hiding dangerous vulnerabilities.

True fire safety is only achieved when every piece of the system, including standards, governance, people and technology work together in harmony.

When these elements are aligned, they create a self-reinforcing cycle of safety and resilience. The breakdown of even a single component – a lapse in training, a gap in governance or an unaddressed technological vulnerability – can compromise the entire system, often with devastating consequences.

A unified vision for a shared responsibility

innovation. This mindset is not only shortsighted but also dangerous. A single lapse in safety can undo decades of progress, damage reputations, and, most critically, cost lives. If Saudi Arabia or any other country in the region is to build cities that endure for generations, fire safety must be embedded not as a box-ticking exercise, but as a core pillar of nation-building.

The power of an ecosystem approach

What does it take to safeguard communities on such a grand scale?

The answer is not a single authority or a singular regulation, but a comprehensive system that connects them all. Fire safety is the outcome of an intricate and interdependent ecosystem; a framework built on critical elements that must be in perfect alignment.

The core of any effective fire safety strategy is its foundation, a robust system of codes and standards. These aren’t simply regulations, but the distillation of generations of expertise and scientific knowledge from fire protection engineers and safety professionals. By incorporating the latest codes and standards into its 2025 Saudi Building Code (SBC), Saudi Arabia is ensuring that local realities are matched with the standards of safety, allowing for innovation while grounding development in a framework of integrity and resilience.

38 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

This foundation is nothing without a robust governance and enforcement framework. The most comprehensive guidelines are meaningless without consistent and authoritative oversight. It is this system of governance, from fire authorities and civil defences to regulators and building inspectors, that holds the entire network accountable. It ensures that regulations are applied rigorously throughout every stage of a project, from initial design to final operation.

Building blocks of change

The human capital of the ecosystem is equally vital. The effectiveness of any code is dependent on the professionals who interpret, apply and enforce it. The rapid pace of Saudi Arabia’s development demands a new generation of safety professionals equipped with more than just theoretical knowledge. They need continuous, specialised education and training to translate complex codes into practical application in the real-world environments of giga-projects.

Finally, we have technology as a powerful enabler. While Saudi Arabia’s vision to lead in advanced technologies is a perfect fit for modern fire safety – with smart detection, AI analytics and blockchain tools offering unprecedented speed and accountability – it is a fundamental mistake to confuse these innovations for a complete strategy.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 is not just about building cities, it is about building sustainable, safe and thriving communities. Fire safety is central to that aspiration. No single authority, developer or technology provider can shoulder this responsibility alone. Longterm partnerships between the public and private sectors, as well as with international safety organisations, are essential for sustaining progress beyond the construction phase.

Encouragingly, such efforts are already well underway. Government agencies and regulators are partnering with global safety leaders to tailor international standards to the local context, equip professionals with the right training and adopt the latest safety innovations. These initiatives are not isolated projects, but they are part of a broader, integrated framework designed to connect all critical elements to create safer communities.

For instance, the NFPA Fire & Life Safety Ecosystem™ provides an integrated framework, connecting codes, standards, education, advocacy and technology to minimise risk and prevent loss from fire and other hazards. This model consists of eight interconnected components that must all function together to protect people and property.

By working together and applying tools like the Fire & Life Safety Ecosystem, we can ensure that we build not just landmarks, but sustainable communities, with safety and resilience at their heart.

This is the enduring legacy of a vision built on a foundation of non-negotiable safety. nfpa.org

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Q&A | REACTON & AL ASWAD

UNITED FOR SAFETY Ahead of Intersec Saudi Arabia, we speak with Sam Malins, Group CEO, Reacton and Mowafaq Al Braim, General Manager, Al Aswad Fire Protection Co, about the synergy between the two companies as they forge a new partnership Could you both tell us what led to this partnership?

SAM: For us, the motivation was clear: we wanted to deepen our reach in the Saudi and Middle Eastern markets by working with a partner who truly understands the regional landscape. Al Aswad has a proven track record of delivering fire safety solutions locally, and we bring decades of engineering excellence and proven fire suppression technology. By combining these strengths, we ensure that end users have access to world-class solutions backed by local expertise and service.

MOWAFAQ: From our perspective, the partnership was born out of a shared vision to elevate fire safety standards across the Middle East. Reacton brings world-class fire suppression technology, while Al Aswad has an extensive footprint and trusted reputation in Saudi Arabia

40 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

and the wider region. By combining advanced technology with local expertise and market access, both companies saw a clear opportunity to deliver greater value to customers.

Al Aswad has a strong regional presence, while Reacton brings specialised technology. What synergy do you hope to achieve by combining these strengths?

SAM: The unique advantage comes from pairing cutting-edge technology with local presence and execution capability. Our systems are globally certified and trusted across critical industries, and Al Aswad’s market access and relationships mean we can deploy them quickly and effectively where they are needed most. Customers gain a complete package: advanced solutions tailored to local regulatory requirements, delivered and supported by a partner they already know and trust.

MOWAFAQ: For us, the synergy is about combining Reacton’s proven, certified solutions with Al Aswad’s regional strength in engineering, distribution and customer support. This creates a powerful combination: innovative technology deployed with localised service, faster project execution, and stronger aftersales support. Customers will benefit from solutions that are both globally recognised and locally adapted.

What does the other company bring to the table that you see as most critical for success in the Saudi market?

SAM: What we value most is Al Aswad’s deep market knowledge, strong client relationships, and the ability to deliver projects on the ground, which is essential in Saudi Arabia.

MOWAFAQ: Reacton provides internationally certified, cutting-edge fire

Q&A | REACTON & AL ASWAD

suppression systems that complement Al Aswad’s portfolio and enhance its ability to serve high-demand industries.

Looking specifically at Saudi Arabia, which industries do you believe will be the most critical for your partnership to target?

SAM: Looking at Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia’s transformation highlights several priority sectors: oil & gas, transportation, infrastructure and industrial manufacturing. These are highrisk environments where fire safety is not optional, it’s mission-critical. Additionally, with mega-projects such as NEOM and Red Sea developments, there is also growing demand in construction and smart city applications.

MOWAFAQ: We see the most urgent need in sectors such as oil & gas, transport, mining, construction and heavy equipment, all of which are central to Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 development plans. These industries operate in highrisk environments, where downtime caused by fire can mean significant financial and operational losses.

Where do you see the most significant demand and application for Reacton’s fire suppression systems in Saudi Arabia’s rapidly developing sectors?

SAM: We see strong demand in transport, mining and heavy equipment sectors, where protecting assets and ensuring operational continuity is critical. At the same time, the massive scale of new infrastructure projects creates opportunities for fixed system applications, particularly in commercial and industrial facilities. These developments require advanced, reliable solutions to safeguard both investments and lives.

MOWAFAQ: As we see it, the greatest demand is in critical infrastructure and high-value equipment, from industrial vehicles and mining machinery to power generation facilities and data centres. As Saudi Arabia modernises and expands, the emphasis on protecting assets, people and operations has never been greater.

From your vantage point in the fire sector, what is the government doing to push fire safety standards and ensure compliance across the country?

SAM: What we’re observing is that the Saudi government has taken significant steps by enforcing stricter building codes, mandating international certifications,

“The message is clear: the region now has access to global-quality fire protection” and embedding fire safety into megaproject approvals. We are also seeing closer alignment with global fire protection standards such as NFPA and UL, which raises the baseline for safety across the country. These measures create an environment where advanced solutions, like ours, become essential rather than optional.

MOWAFAQ: From our vantage point, Saudi Arabia’s government, under Vision 2030, is raising the bar for safety compliance through stricter regulations, international alignment of standards and enforcement across all sectors. We see increased requirements for certified solutions, mandatory safety audits and growing collaboration between authorities and private companies to ensure world-class protection.

How does the partnership ensure its solutions align with the evolving fire safety standards in Saudi Arabia?

SAM: Our approach ensures compliance in two ways: proactive certification and local adaptation. Reacton invests heavily in maintaining global accreditations, while Al Aswad ensures our systems meet Saudi-specific regulations and project specifications. Together, we are not only aligned with today’s requirements but also building agility into our approach so we can adapt quickly as standards evolve with Vision 2030 projects.

MOWAFAQ : For us, the key is staying proactive. Reacton’s systems are internationally certified, and Al Aswad ensures they are fully compliant with Saudi-specific regulations and project requirements. Together, we maintain continuous dialogue with regulators and project stakeholders, ensuring our solutions anticipate future standards rather than just react to them.

Intersec Saudi Arabia is a key platform for the region. What will the partnership be showcasing at the tradeshow, and what

message do you hope to convey to the attendees?

SAM: At the show, we will be showcasing our vehicle and fixed fire suppression systems, highlighting their reliability, ease of integration and compliance with international standards. The message we want to deliver is simple: safety, reliability and readiness for Saudi Arabia’s future. Our presence with Al Aswad also reinforces that customers will have both global expertise and local support, seamlessly integrated.

MOWAFAQ: On our part, we will showcase Reacton’s latest automatic fire suppression technologies alongside Al Aswad’s integrated solutions and service capabilities. The message is clear: the region now has access to global-quality fire protection delivered through a trusted local partner.

What are the long-term ambitions for the Reacton and Al Aswad partnership in the broader Middle East region?

SAM: Looking further ahead, our ambition is to create a regional footprint.

Together with Al Aswad, we see opportunities in the UAE, Qatar and Egypt, all of which have similarly ambitious development agendas.

Our long-term vision is to make Reacton systems synonymous with reliability and compliance across the Middle East, ensuring that wherever safety is paramount, our solutions are the first choice.

MOWAFAQ: Our long-term ambition is to expand across the GCC and wider Middle East, delivering localised fire safety solutions to industries undergoing rapid growth. Our ambition is to become a leading regional provider of advanced suppression systems, recognised for reliability, compliance and service excellence. reactonfire.com fireprotection.aswadgroup.com

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 41

FIRE SPRINKLERS | COUNTERFEITS

In the fire protection industry, system reliability is not a convenience; it’s a life safety imperative. But what if you can’t rely on your fire sprinklers? Mark Fessenden, Managing Director of the International Fire Suppression Alliance (IFSA) looks at the challenges of counterfeit equipment in the sector A reliable system in the fire protection sector is paramount; its failure is simply not an option when people’s lives are at stake. Fire sprinklers are designed to activate automatically during the earliest stages of a fire, suppressing flames, reducing property damage and saving lives. But a growing and dangerous problem is threatening the integrity of these systems: counterfeit fire sprinklers.

certified sprinkler heads, often falsely marked with logos and certification labels from trusted manufacturers, such as Tyco, Viking, Victaulic or Reliable. These uncertified and counterfeit products are not tested to the rigorous standards of UL, FM, VdS, LPCB, or equivalent thirdparty agencies. Even worse, they can be indistinguishable to the untrained eye and may fail catastrophically during a fire.

What are counterfeit fire sprinklers?

Why are counterfeit sprinklers dangerous?

Counterfeit fire sprinklers are unauthorised replicas or imitations of

42 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Legitimate fire sprinklers undergo extensive testing to ensure they activate

under specific conditions, deliver proper water distribution, and resist corrosion over decades. Counterfeit products lack this testing and may: Fail to activate during a fire.

Activate at the wrong temperature.

Distribute water ineffectively, rendering them useless in fire suppression.

Corrode prematurely, compromising long-term reliability.

A fire sprinkler that doesn’t function as intended can turn a survivable fire into a deadly catastrophe.

FIRE SPRINKLERS | COUNTERFEITS

How big is the problem?

While comprehensive global data is limited, fire protection professionals and regulatory bodies have documented numerous incidents of counterfeit sprinklers in warehouses, hotels, residential complexes and even government facilities. In 2015, the International Fire Suppression Alliance (IFSA) issued a Safety Alert after noncertified sprinklers labelled as Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) devices were proposed for use in a storage facility in China. At IFSA’s request, UL tested the sprinkler samples and found they lacked the critical performance characteristics of true ESFR sprinklers. Significant deficiencies were identified in both water distribution and long-term reliability, rendering the devices unsuitable for their intended purpose.

In another notable case, FM Approvals issued a product alert warning about counterfeit Tyco TY9223 sprinklers found in the Brazilian market. These knockoffs, shown in Figure 1, bore counterfeit Tyco logos and certification marks but were never manufactured or approved by Tyco.

The sprinklers appear very similar, and the most noticeable difference is the colour and shape of the orifice cap (the part indicated by the yellow arrows). The cap assembly in the authentic sprinkler consists of a copper cap with a stainlesssteel insert, whereas the cap in the counterfeit appears to be solid brass.

The counterfeit also includes a bent wire installed through a groove in the cap (typically known as an ejection spring or kick spring). Authentic TY9223 sprinklers do not use an ejection spring. The white paint on the frame arms of the authentic example indicates the intermediate temperature classification of this example. Authentic TY9223 sprinklers may also come without painted frame arms in the ordinary temperature range.

The inlet side of the orifice cap in the authentic TY9223 (left) is domed and made of copper, while the counterfeit (right) has a flat profile and appears to be brass. The PTFE-lined spring washertype seal is visible around the outside of the cap in the authentic sprinkler.

The counterfeit sprinkler has no visible portion of the seal. These counterfeit sprinklers also feature O-ring style water seals. O-ring type seals are not used in any current FM-approved or UL-listed sprinklers and have not been generally used since 2003. Additionally, the stampings on the deflectors are nearly identical and in the same relative

positions, but are significantly shallower on the counterfeit deflector. The deflector materials are different but look very similar to the eye. Because the authentic sprinkler is from a slightly older year of manufacture (2020), it does not have the FM marking; however, authentic versions from 2021 and newer do, and in the same relative position as the counterfeit deflector.

In 2016, IFSA partnered with the Brazilian Sprinkler Association (ABSpk) to remove and test hundreds of noncertified sprinklers from two buildings in São Paulo. Brazil, which closely monitors sprinkler imports, has reported a troubling rise in the presence of non-certified products in recent years. The buildings in question — a public parking garage and a

high-rise office tower — had fire sprinklers explicitly installed to protect occupants.

Sprinklers from both sites were carefully extracted and submitted to accredited testing laboratories for evaluation.

FM Approvals compared the sprinklers extracted from the high-rise office building against their test requirements in 13 areas. They found deficiencies in performance related to half of the regions examined: materials analysis, water distribution characteristics, resistance to rough use and abuse, potential hang-up of operating parts (lodgments), assembly load versus frame strength, and resistance to salt spray corrosion. The lodgment tests were of special concern, with a cumulative failure rate of 47.5% among 40 samples tested. Up to 100% of samples experienced a hang-up of operating parts in at least one combination of configuration and pressure. These hangup results suggest that the sprinklers would not be able to develop an effective water distribution pattern in the event of a fire, severely compromising their effectiveness.

The comparison of assembly loads to frame strength was also concerning.

Tests showed that the load placed on the sprinkler bulbs exceeded acceptable safety margins, raising the risk of accidental water discharge in the absence of a fire. Such false activations often result in systems being shut off to avoid

Figure 1: Authentic and counterfeit comparison of 360 K-factor ESFR.

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 43

FIRE SPRINKLERS | COUNTERFEITS

water damage, leaving them unavailable during actual emergencies.

UL also identified significant deficiencies in the sprinklers removed from the São Paulo parking garage. Both upright and pendent models used O-ring style water seals — a design prohibited within UL’s testing standards since 2003 due to its unreliability in the field. UL was the first standards body to prohibit dynamic O-ring style water seals at the time. These seals can adhere to mating surfaces, preventing water discharge during a fire. Unsurprisingly, the sprinklers failed to operate at low water pressures and exhibited poor performance in several key areas, including partial clogging, substandard spray patterns and inadequate fire control. Critically, they failed the standard wood crib fire test, a benchmark assessment of a sprinkler’s ability to extinguish or control fire.

The non-certified sprinklers removed from both buildings posed a clear public safety hazard. They were replaced with certified devices, but it remains unknown how many other properties still house dangerous, noncertified sprinklers that could fail when lives depend on them most.

In other instances, testing has revealed that some non-certified sprinklers are made with substandard materials that are incapable of withstanding the thermal demands of a fire. ISO 6182-1 requires sprinkler frames to withstand a temperature of 800°C for 15 minutes.

The frame of the counterfeit sprinkler, as shown in Figure 2, melted away within three minutes.

The consequences of using noncertified sprinklers can range from property damage to life safety failures.

How do counterfeit sprinklers enter the supply chain?

Many counterfeit products are distributed through online marketplaces,

44 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Figure 2: Counterfeit sprinkler frame failure within 3 minutes

unauthorised dealers, or secondary surplus sellers. Global e-commerce marketplaces like Alibaba and AliExpress, Mercado Libre, Flipkart and Noon all offer sprinklers with questionable certifications, or none at all. Amazon has taken action to reduce the frequency of this issue on its US platforms, but international platforms continue to pose a challenge.

Identifying counterfeit fire sprinklers

Spotting a counterfeit sprinkler requires careful attention to: Manufacturer details: Verify that the model number, logo and certification marks match official product catalogues.

Packaging: Authentic sprinklers are typically sold in factory-sealed boxes with matching serial numbers and date codes.

Markings: Look for inconsistencies in font, misspellings or misaligned labels.

Purchase channel: Always purchase from authorised distributors.

Avoid third-party sellers on online marketplaces.

FM Approvals and UL also encourage users to report suspicious products and refer to their official alerts and counterfeit bulletins for known models.

What can contractors and building owners do?

1. Source from reputable suppliers: Only purchase fire sprinklers and components from authorised manufacturers and distributors. Verify credentials before making a purchase, especially when sourcing large quantities or replacements.

2. Train your team: Educate installers, inspectors and purchasing staff on the risks and warning signs of counterfeit components.

3. Inspect shipments: Upon delivery, verify the packaging, markings and documentation against manufacturer specifications.

4. Report suspected products: If a sprinkler looks questionable, don’t install it. Please report it to the manufacturer, your AHJ, and relevant certification bodies like UL, FM, VdS, LPCB, or the IFSA. 5. Document everything: Maintain purchase records, including invoices and delivery documentation, to show due diligence in sourcing certified components.

To help publicise the issue, the IFSA has produced a video, available in English, Spanish, Portuguese and Mandarin Chinese, which can be found at ifsaglobal.org.

A call to vigilance

The fire protection industry is built on trust – in systems, standards and suppliers. Counterfeit sprinklers undermine that trust and put lives and property at risk. As fire safety professionals, we must remain vigilant, informed and proactive in protecting the integrity of the systems we design, install and inspect.

By raising awareness, strengthening procurement practices and demanding accountability from suppliers and platforms, we can work to eliminate counterfeit fire sprinklers from the global supply chain and uphold the life-saving reliability that fire protection systems promise.

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Unicorn Voice integrates PAVA, VADs, fire telephones, disabled refuge, steward phones, accessibility and safety alarms.

Approved to EN54-16 and one of the few BS 5839-8 compliant systems available, Unicorn Voice is lightweight and networkable making installation easy and economical.

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PROMOTIONAL FEATURE

Vox Ignis – a sound partner in Middle East fire and safety Vox Ignis has established itself as a specialist in voice alarm, emergency communications and safety alarm systems across the region. Leading technology, a can-do approach and rapid innovation are driving its reputation and sales growth via an expanding network of partners Specialisation in voice-driven safety

Vox Ignis is perhaps unique in its specialism in voice-driven fire safety systems. Its founder was one of the creators of the voice alarm industry and built and sold a number of related companies before starting Vox Ignis in 2014.

This has resulted in Vox Ignis’ technology moving ahead of a market that sees very little innovation. Vox Ignis’ customers enjoy market-leading features and usability, future-proofed product specifications and long-term reliability.

The requirements for safety products across the region are focused on value, compliance and scalability/flexibility; all in systems that can readily meet the demands of a cultural project in Oman, a landmark commercial development in KSA, or a high-rise residential building in the UAE. Vox Ignis systems meet these requirements in full.

Voice alarm, evacuation and public address

Vox Ignis’ Unicorn Voice PAVA is unique: designed for the Middle East market, the first to be approved to EN54-16 by UL, and with an exceptional integration of safety systems offering simplified incident management and real value.

Unicorn Voice has been called the ‘unified PAVA’ because of its integration of high-performance live and recorded voice alarm, public address, fire telephone, disabled refuge, VADs and accessibility alarms. The system is composed of lightweight, wall- or riser-mounted networked panels, making it easy to design, highly resilient and lower cost than rack-mounted equivalents. Its architecture also allows it to operate in highly energy-efficient modes.

Emergency voice communications (EVC)

The Lexicomm EVC (fire telephone and disabled refuge) range is renowned for its value, performance and simplicity, with customers repeatedly highlighting the fact it “just makes sense”. Stand-alone panels and networked systems allow the range to be easily specified from simple 8-line to 512-line systems, with global/local touchscreen management and control.

The panels support all of Lexicomm’s fire telephone, refuge and steward phone ranges, and also allow accessible room and WC alarms to be added.

Safety, water leak and accessibility alarms

Vox Ignis’ AssistCallPro range is setting the standard for monitored safety alarms across markets and projects. With a choice of network modules including touchscreen controller, zone controllers

and networked PSUs, it can fit almost any building. The range of sensors, inputs and outputs available across the system deliver alarms for water leak detection, emergency exit doors, panic, pool and sauna, first-aid cabinets, plant and general use.

Strategic value for specifiers and installers

With all of its products designed and manufactured in the UK, and with a globally recognised brand that is focused on customers, Vox Ignis is a partner that amplifies safety everywhere. Its systems reduce design complexity and ensure reliability and performance, while ongoing innovation supports future-proofing in evolving safety landscapes. vox-ignis.com info@vox-ignis.com +44 (0)191 516 6030

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 47

Safety and reassurance, always in reach.

Deafgard by Fireco – Sleep safe, stay alert, be compliant

Portable fire safety for peace of mind. Deafgard is a wireless, batterypowered device that uses a vibrating pad to alert deaf and hard of hearing people when the fire alarm sounds. Compact, reliable, and simple to operate, it provides critical reassurance in any environment.

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Deafgard: The alarm for the deaf and hard of hearing Guest safety is a top priority for hotels, and providing inclusive solutions is essential in today’s hospitality landscape. Fireco’s Deafgard is an innovative device designed to protect deaf and hard of hearing individuals during emergencies, offering peace of mind to both guests and hotel operators.

Deafgard seamlessly combines functionality, portability and compliance, making it a vital component of modern safety protocols.

Deafgard is a battery or mains-powered unit designed for bedside use. It includes a vibration pad placed under the pillow, a flashing light and a screen that displays the word “FIRE” when an alarm is detected.

If the fire alarm sounds, the pad vibrates and the lights flash, ensuring immediate and clear notification for guests who cannot rely on audible alerts.

A portable, cost-effective solution One of Deafgard’s greatest advantages is its portability. Unlike hardwired systems, Deafgard requires no installation or integration with a hotel’s fire alarm system. This makes it an ideal solution for properties of all types, whether new builds or heritage hotels. Guests can take the device to their room and set it up independently, ensuring their safety while maintaining their privacy.

This simplicity also translates into cost savings for hotel operators, as there’s no need for expensive retrofitting or complex installation processes. Additionally, Deafgard complies with elements of the Equality Act 2010, helping hotels meet their legal obligations to provide an inclusive environment.

Enhancing guest confidence

For deaf or hard of hearing guests, staying in a hotel equipped with Deafgard offers reassurance. It provides independence and ensures guests are alerted in emergencies without the need for intervention by staff or strangers.

“For someone who is deaf or hard of hearing, a stranger coming into your hotel room to alert you of an emergency could be distressing. Thankfully we found

Deafgard. Our guests can take the device to their room as it is easily portable, and they can relax knowing they will be alerted automatically in the event of a fire” explained Ben Hewitt, Hotel Manager.

Operational benefits for hotels

Deafgard also streamlines hotel operations. Its portability allows staff to allocate devices to specific rooms when needed, and its straightforward design makes maintenance simple.

“The Deafgard unit provides our hotel customers with a reliable solution that ensures deaf and hard-of-hearing guests will be alerted if a fire breaks out” shared Babette Potter, Sales Administrator.

With its focus on safety, inclusivity, and practicality, Deafgard from Fireco is a valuable investment for any hotel. fireco.uk 01273 320650

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CASE STUDY | HYTERA

CASE STUDY

Iraqi Ministry of the Interior In a bid to streamline its emergency services, the Ministry of Interior in Iraq evaluated solutions that could unify diverse technologies under one resilient system, ultimately selecting Hytera for its proven expertise and comprehensive platform Overview

The Ministry of Interior in Iraq is the government body responsible for overseeing a number of agencies, including the Emergency Response Unit, Iraqi Police, Highway Patrol and Traffic Department. It needed to overhaul its fragmented emergency response system in Baghdad to combat ongoing security challenges.

The challenges

The city of Baghdad has long faced security challenges due to political instability, terrorism and the aftermath of the ongoing conflict in Iraq. In the past the emergency response system was highly

fragmented with as many as 26 different emergency numbers in use leading to confusion for citizens about what number to call. This splintered approach caused delays in response times and hindered effective resource allocation.

In addition, for the operators and responders, the biggest pain point was the delay and inefficiency in allocating resources. With different agencies using separate systems and incompatible communication tools, information often did not flow quickly enough, leading to slower response times on the ground.

To overcome these challenges the MoI wanted to enhance the overall efficiency

About Hytera Hytera Communications Corporation Limited is a leading global provider of professional communications technologies and solutions. With voice, video and data capabilities, it provides faster, safer and more versatile connectivity for business and mission critical users. Hytera continuously invests in technology development and application innovation, and is committed to promoting more open communication standards.

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and resilience of Baghdad’s emergency response services to provide its citizens with a safer environment.

To achieve this, the MoI required a new command and control system able to integrate all the emergency calls ranging from fires, security issues, crimes and traffic incidents and manage them through one unified platform. In addition to emergency call handling and dispatch, the platform also needed to be able to integrate different two-way radio standards used by the emergency services, including DMR and TETRA, as well as other technologies such as CCTV and live video feeds from vehicles and body worn cameras.

CASE STUDY | HYTERA

The solution

Hytera’s SmartOne solution was deployed in the MoI’s 911 command and control centre to integrate all the different emergency call requests and dispatching activities for the various types of first responder agencies. The 911 call centre features 300 operator seats, supports case intake and creation and dispatches cases using DMR and TETRA two-way radio networks.

Additionally, the centre is connected to CCTV cameras and body cameras to provide live video feeds of incidents, which helps to facilitate a faster, more informed response. The system also includes call recording and statistical analysis capabilities for continuous improvement and training purposes.

The technology brings together several modules in order to meet operational goals. For example, the call taking and handling module efficiently manages emergency calls, records incidents, and forwards them to the appropriate response units.

The integration of computer-technology integration (CTI) and computer-aided dispatch (CAD) ensures timely, accurate and standardised responses from call handlers and dispatchers.

The visual command system module is designed to optimise patrol planning and monitoring. By helping to anticipate potential problems, this module can reduce the number of incidences and improve public safety. It also facilitates performance evaluations and enhances the management of personnel.

The incident analysis module uses data mining and advanced analytics to help personnel make informed decisions by offering incident reports, trend analysis and proactive warning features.

Finally, the mobile police application connects frontline officers’ communication devices to the central command centre, facilitating real-time updates and reducing administrative burdens, which ultimately improves field operations.

The system is built on a micro-service architecture to provide a more stable and scalable command and control solution.

It allows the platform to run modular services independently, making the system easier to scale, more resilient to faults and better able to handle large volumes of emergency calls.

The result

As a result of centralising all emergency requests, fragmentation has been eliminated which has improved coordination between police, fire and medical services. Combining these services into a single platform has resulted in fewer delays and quicker response times, as well as giving citizens greater clarity when seeking help.

There has also been an improved efficiency in resource allocation, as the system provides dispatchers with realtime visibility of available resources, enabling them to assign the appropriate personnel, vehicles or units to an emergency.

Faster response times have been achieved thanks to the new system. It can automatically generate case numbers and files, relieving personnel of admin tasks; dispatchers can also quickly locate callers and allocate resources, which saves lives by reducing response times.

The integration of CCTV and body camera systems further accelerates the decisionmaking process by delivering real-time visuals of the incident.

This integration is also enhancing situational awareness, which in turn empowers authorities to make informed decisions based on live video feeds and statistical analysis.

Finally, the MoI is now able to operate using data to aid decision making.

The system’s ability to record calls and analyse trends helps the Ministry continually assess and improve the effectiveness of the emergency response.

This data-driven approach ensures the system adapts to evolving needs and challenges.

The future

The new system has not only improved the situation for those working within the emergency services but has also served to elevate the reputation of the MoI and increase the trust in authorities. With a successful implementation, public confidence has been built in emergency services.

The system not only met its objectives but far exceeded them. On the very first day of its launch, it successfully received and processed approximately 70,000 calls demonstrating its robust capability. The project can now serve as a model for other conflict-affected areas seeking to improve their emergency response capabilities.

The technology

Powered by Hytera’s SmartOne platform, the MoI deployed the 911 Command and Control Center with 300 operator seats, supporting call intake, CAD/CTI, GISbased visual command, CCTV and body camera integration, patrol management, incident analysis and a mobile police app.

These features centralised all emergency requests, reduced response times and improved coordination. hytera.com

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FIREFIGHTING VEHICLES | NFPA 1300

BRIDGING RESPONSE AND RISK REDUCTION Fire safety solutions expert Peter Stephenson highlights that the future of firefighting vehicle procurement lies not in tradition, but in a data-driven, risk-based approach to fleet management Firefighting vehicles are the backbone of modern fire and rescue operations.

From first-due pumpers to specialised industrial foam tenders, these assets provide the operational capability that communities rely upon when an incident occurs. However, the days of procuring vehicles based on tradition and legacy fleet composition are fading. The modern approach requires data-driven, risk-based decision-making.

NFPA 1300 – Standard on Community Risk Assessment and Community Risk Reduction Plan Development provides the framework for fire departments and authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs) to align their apparatus strategy with the

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hazards, vulnerabilities and community expectations they serve. By linking apparatus capabilities with structured Community Risk Assessments (CRAs) and Community Risk Reduction (CRR) Plans, fire services can ensure that their fleets are not only operationally effective but strategically optimised.

A framework for risk-based planning

NFPA 1300 sets out requirements for developing CRAs and CRR plans. At its core, the standard emphasises that fire service resources—including vehicles— must be justified by measurable risk factors such as:

Community demographics (population density, age profile, vulnerable populations).

Built environment (high-rises, critical infrastructure, industrial facilities, heritage assets).

Fire and non-fire hazards (wildland–urban interface (WUI), hazardous materials transport, flood zones, terrorism).

Historical incident data (frequency, severity, geographic distribution of previous calls).

Response time benchmarks (travel times, apparatus placement, station coverage).

FIREFIGHTING VEHICLES | NFPA 1300

When applied to apparatus strategy, these elements shape decisions on type, size, number and distribution of firefighting vehicles.

Linking vehicles to hazard profiles Urban Fire Risk In densely built urban centres, the CRA may highlight: High-rise clusters requiring aerial ladder trucks with sufficient vertical reach.

Congested road networks necessitating compact rescue pumpers for manoeuvrability.

Population vulnerability (elderly or mobility-impaired residents) influencing the need for rapid intervention units to support rescue operations.

Here, NFPA 1300 guides the community to justify the presence of aerial platforms, hose layers and rapid deployment vehicles as part of a CRR plan.

Rural and Remote Risk For rural jurisdictions, the CRA may show: Limited hydrant coverage, necessitating water tenders with large tank capacity.

Long travel distances, requiring vehicles with off-road capability and extended fuel autonomy.

Agricultural or WUI fire risk, driving the need for brush trucks and wildfire skids.

In this case, apparatus must be aligned to risks identified in the CRA rather than mirroring urban fleet models.

Industrial and Special Hazards Industrial zones or petrochemical clusters create unique risks: High-volume flammable liquid storage necessitating foam tenders with proportioning systems and highcapacity monitors.

Hazardous materials transport corridors demanding hazmat units integrated into the vehicle fleet.

Rail and port facilities requiring dualagent crash tenders or rail-specific firefighting units.

NFPA 1300 enables communities to match apparatus selection to special hazard profiles, ensuring resources are proportionate to risk.

NFPA 1300 and the integration of apparatus into CRR plans

NFPA 1300 requires that CRR plans include measurable objectives and resource allocation. For firefighting vehicles, this means: 1. Evidence-Based Justification – Vehicle specifications and procurement are linked to identified hazards and expected incident types.

2. Response Time Modelling – Apparatus placement is validated using GIS analysis, travel time studies and coverage models.

3. Lifecycle and Reliability Assessment – CRR plans should account for fleet age, reliability and maintenance capacity to ensure continuous operational readiness.

4. Community Involvement – Stakeholders and community members should understand why significant investments – such as aerial appliances – are justified by real hazard assessments.

By embedding vehicles into the CRR cycle, NFPA 1300 ensures apparatus are not static assets, but dynamic tools evaluated continuously against changing risks.

Technology and innovation: supporting risk reduction

The latest generation of firefighting vehicles introduces capabilities that directly align with CRR objectives: Telematics and Fleet Analytics – Realtime data on pump hours, location and reliability supports proactive maintenance and operational efficiency.

Electric and Hybrid Vehicles – Reducing emissions and improving sustainability in line with community environmental goals.

Multi-Role Vehicles – Configurable units capable of fire suppression,

“NFPA 1300 enables communities to match apparatus selection to special hazard profiles” FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 53

FIREFIGHTING VEHICLES | NFPA 1300

Comparison Table: NFPA 1300 vs. Apparatus Planning Considerations NFPA 1300 Requirement

Apparatus Planning Consideration

Conduct a Community Risk Assessment (CRA)

Identify hazards (urban, rural, industrial) and match with appropriate apparatus (aerials, tenders, hazmat units, brush trucks).

Assess community demographics and vulnerabilities

Select vehicles that support vulnerable populations, e.g., rapid response and EMS-capable units for elderly communities.

Evaluate built environment

Procure aerial platforms for high-rise districts, foam tenders for industrial complexes, and compact pumpers for narrow road networks.

Analyse historical incident data

Align apparatus procurement with most common and severe call types (e.g., hazmat vs. structural fire vs. WUI).

Set measurable objectives in CRR plans

Define benchmarks: response time coverage, water delivery capacity, ladder reach and hazmat containment.

Ensure resource allocation and sustainability

Consider lifecycle costs, maintenance schedules, and adoption of hybrid/electric vehicles for long-term efficiency.

Engage stakeholders and community

Justify apparatus purchases to decision-makers and the public with transparent, evidence-based rationale.

EMS support and hazmat response, reducing capital expenditure by meeting multiple risks with one platform.

Integrated Communications – Linking vehicles to dispatch, drones and smart-city infrastructure, ensuring coordinated response during largescale incidents.

NFPA 1300’s emphasis on continuous evaluation of resources means these technologies should be adopted when they measurably improve risk reduction.

Firefighting vehicles 2025: what’s new, what’s next

Procurement and design conversations now start with NFPA 1900 (2024) — the consolidated standard that replaced NFPA 1901 (automotive fire apparatus), 1906 (wildland), 414 (ARFF) and 1917 (ambulances). If you’re procuring for North America or projects that mirror NFPA practice, refer to NFPA 1900 in the first instance as legacy numbers still appear as references inside the new guidance documents.

In Europe (and widely referenced internationally), EN 1846-2 was updated in 2024/2025 and remains the foundation for common safety/performance requirements and vehicle categorisation (on-road, rough-road, off-road; light/ medium/super mass classes).

Key areas of innovation and design enhancements include: Propulsion & drivetrains: Electric arrives. EV appliances remove onscene noise, exhaust and idling, but they do require charging strategy,

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electrical upgrades and duty-cycle analysis during spec.

Pumps, agents & automation: From clever foam to smart valves.

Digital pump control is moving fast networking the pump, intakes, discharges and pressure governor, automating tank-to-pump, source switching (tank ↔ hydrant/draft), discharge pressure control and protection logic — while preserving full manual override resulting in easier training and more consistent waterflow. The shift to fluorinefree foams is pushing apparatus toward precise proportioning and delivery efficiency. Modern CAFS/ UHP packages can reduce water use and speed knockdown in defined scenarios. Recent studies indicate performance benefits for CAFS (operational flexibility; reduced water consumption) and promising results in UHP comparative tests at low flows — useful when weight or water supply is constrained.

Crew health & ergonomics: The clean-cab movement. Keeping contaminated PPE and equipment out of the cab, upgrading surfaces/filtration and formalising decontamination workflow continues to influence designs and SOGs. NFPA 1900 does not mandate cleancab features but offers guidance; major unions/safety bodies publish practical checklists you can adapt.

In hot climates and long hauls, look for chassis with separate crew-area climate systems and heat-load design — small details that pay off when ambient temperatures soar.

Connected apparatus: Telematics is now mainstream providing remote diagnostics, readiness monitoring and maintenance insights. By connecting vehicle logs and component data during operation this can support digital inspections and post-incident reviews. Both reduce downtime and enable evidence-based maintenance.

Moving beyond tradition

Firefighting vehicles are no longer simply operational necessities — they are strategic assets within a community’s risk reduction ecosystem.

NFPA 1300 provides the framework to ensure that every apparatus, from the first-due engine to the specialised foam tender, is tied to identified risks, measurable objectives and long-term community resilience goals.

By applying CRAs and embedding apparatus into CRR planning, fire services can move beyond tradition-based procurement and into evidence-based, risk-driven fleet strategies. The result is not just improved response capability, but also greater accountability, sustainability and alignment with the evolving hazards communities face.

Firefighting vehicles are becoming quieter, cleaner, more connected and more capable — but the smartest vehicles are those matched to the risk profile, climate and maintenance reality. By using the current standards (NFPA 1900/ EN 1846-2), reviewing the specifications against the CRA worst-credible scenarios, investment in new vehicles can focus on safety and operational outcomes: water delivery, crew health, situational awareness and fleet efficiencies.

IOT | FIRE SAFETY

Revolutionising safety Stefanie Steudel, Product Manager Fire Alarm Systems Remote Services, Bosch Building Technologies, writes about the transformative power of Internet of Things (IoT) in fire prevention The landscape of fire safety is undergoing a profound transformation. As our buildings become smarter and our operational demands more complex, traditional fire detection systems, while robust, are being augmented by a new wave of innovation: the Internet of Things (IoT). For professionals across the Middle East’s fire safety sector – from system integrators to consultants, architects and end-customers – understanding the strategic integration of IoT is no longer a luxury but a crucial step towards creating truly resilient and responsive safety ecosystems. This exploration delves

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into how IoT is not just improving fire detection, but fundamentally reshaping our approach to prevention, offering unprecedented levels of insight, efficiency and proactive protection.

Beyond alarms: the intelligence of connected systems

Historically, fire detection has been reactive – an alarm sounds after smoke or heat is detected. While effective, this model often leaves a critical gap in early intervention and comprehensive risk management. IoT bridges this gap by enabling fire safety systems to become

intelligent, interconnected networks capable of far more than just sounding an alert.

At its core, IoT in fire prevention involves embedding sensors and devices with network connectivity, allowing them to collect and exchange data continuously. This data can range from environmental parameters like temperature, humidity and air quality to equipment status, occupancy levels and even predictive analytics on potential failure points. Imagine a fire system that doesn’t just detect smoke, but also understands airflow patterns, identifies

IOT | FIRE SAFETY

anomalous heat signatures before combustion, or even flags a potential electrical short circuit hours before it becomes a hazard. This shift moves fire safety from being solely an alarm system to an integrated, predictive safety network.

The pillars of IoT-enhanced fire prevention: 1. Enhanced detection and speed of response

IoT-enabled sensors offer superior sensitivity and precision. Multi-criteria detectors combine different measured values (smoke, heat, CO) and can therefore distinguish between various types of smoke (e.g., from burning wood vs. smouldering plastic), thus reducing false alarms. More critically, connectivity allows for instantaneous data transmission to central monitoring stations and emergency services. This significantly reduces response times, a critical factor in mitigating damage and saving lives. For example, systems can immediately pinpoint the exact location of an incident within a large complex, guiding responders directly to the source.

2. Predictive maintenance and system reliability

One of the most significant advantages of IoT is its ability to facilitate predictive maintenance. Instead of scheduled checks, IoT sensors monitor the health and performance of fire safety equipment in real-time. This means detectors can report low battery levels, blocked vents or even subtle changes in their operating parameters that indicate impending failure. This proactive approach ensures systems are always operational and reduces downtime, guaranteeing reliability when it matters most. It shifts from costly, reactive repairs to planned, efficient maintenance cycles, benefiting both system integrators and end-users.

3. Data-driven insights and continuous improvement

The true power of IoT lies in the data it generates. Connected systems collect vast amounts of information on environmental conditions, system performance, alarm history, and even occupant movement patterns. This data, when analysed, provides invaluable insights into building dynamics, common alarm triggers and

areas of high risk. Architects can use this data for safer building design, consultants can offer more tailored advice, and facility managers can optimise safety protocols.

This continuous feedback loop allows for ongoing improvements, making fire safety a dynamic, evolving process rather than a static installation.

4. Integrated safety ecosystems

IoT facilitates seamless integration between disparate building systems. A fire detection system can communicate directly with HVAC to shut down ventilation and prevent smoke spread, with access control to unlock exits, or with lighting systems to illuminate evacuation routes. This holistic approach ensures that all safety measures work in concert, creating a more comprehensive and coordinated emergency response.

This level of interoperability is crucial for complex modern infrastructures, offering a unified command and control system during critical events.

5. Remote monitoring and management

For large campuses, multiple facilities or even remote sites, IoT enables centralised, remote monitoring and management. Security and facilities teams can access real-time data, receive alerts and even perform diagnostic checks from a single dashboard, regardless of physical location. This capability streamlines operations, reduces the need for on-site personnel for routine checks, and allows

for rapid response to critical events from anywhere.

Navigating the future

While the benefits of IoT in fire prevention are compelling, successful adoption requires consideration from all angles. Cybersecurity is paramount; protecting sensitive data and preventing unauthorised access to critical safety systems is non-negotiable. Scalability and interoperability standards are also key – ensuring that new IoT solutions can integrate seamlessly with existing infrastructure and expand as needs evolve. Finally, the focus must always remain on how technology serves the overarching goal: enhancing human safety and operational continuity.

IoT is not merely an incremental upgrade to fire safety; it represents a paradigm shift. By moving beyond traditional detection to embrace predictive capabilities, data-driven insights and integrated ecosystems, the fire safety industry can significantly enhance its ability to prevent fires, respond effectively and protect lives and assets. For professionals in the Middle East, leveraging this transformative technology is essential to leading the charge in building a safer, smarter and more secure future. The future of fire prevention is intelligent, connected and proactive – and it’s powered by IoT. boschsecurity.com/en/products/ remote-monitoring-fire-alarm-systems/

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FIREFIGHTER | COMMUNICATIONS

Commanding chaos

Bob Rea QFSM, MBA, FInSTR, MIFireE, MIoL, TechIOSH, explores the hallmarks of effective communication under pressure and why trust is key

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FIREFIGHTER | COMMUNICATIONS

Principles of Effective Communication

To ensure clarity and consistency, all communications must adhere, where possible, to the following key principles: Clarity: Use plain language, avoid jargon and acronyms, and communicate in a direct and concise manner. Messages should be understandable to all stakeholders, regardless of technical expertise.

Rhythm: Maintain a steady and predictable flow of speech or messaging.

Avoid speaking too sporadically or rushing through key points. In radio or emergency communication, rhythm helps receivers anticipate and follow the message without confusion.

Sender

FEEDBACK

Effective incident ground communication is the cornerstone of any emergency management and effective incident resolution. It ensures that essential information is shared promptly, accurately and clearly across all relevant parties, enabling coordinated action, minimising confusion, reducing risk and attaining and maintaining situational awareness (which is essential for Incident Commanders and management).

Communications in the fire service is a really important topic, especially when you consider the additional pressures that firefighters encounter under operational conditions. Here I review the guiding principles, tools, procedures and protocols that contribute to effective communication based on my personal experiences.

With multi-agency incidents the challenge of interoperability is a significant communications challenge.

Not only does each agency have different terminology, acronyms, structures and visions, their operational objectives and tactics can be very different. Without clear communication a ‘Common Operational Picture’ and ‘Situational Awareness’ would not be achieved or maintained by all agencies in attendance.

To overcome some of this it is vital to recognise the principles of communication, especially in the stressful and dynamic situations of the incident ground, a situation where often information is being received from multiple sources, is incomplete and confused.

Receiving

Decoding

Speed: Deliver information at a pace that is fast enough for urgency but slow enough for accurate understanding. Speaking too fast can cause missed details; too slow can waste critical time.

Volume: Adjust volume according to the environment and channel. Ensure you are audible over background noise without shouting unnecessarily, which can distort clarity.

Tone/Pitch: Use a calm, confident and neutral tone. Avoid emotional highs or lows that may cause alarm or convey uncertainty. A steady pitch improves listener confidence and comprehension.

Simple: Use short sentences and common words. Eliminate unnecessary complexity so even under stress, all parties understand the essential message immediately. Use clear, jargon-free language, avoid using acronyms or organisational specific language/terms.

Timeliness: Information must be shared as quickly as possible, especially in evolving situations. Delays can result in missed opportunities, misinformed decisions, or increased risks. Regular updates assist in the incident management team attaining and maintaining Situational Awareness and it supports the strategic, tactical and operational decision making.

Encoding

Transmitting

Accuracy: Information must be verified before dissemination. Misinformation can cause panic, confusion or improper response.

Consistency: Messaging must be aligned across all channels and stakeholders.

Conflicting messages erode trust and hinder coordination.

Interoperability: Systems, formats and terminologies must be compatible between different teams, organisations and technologies to enable seamless exchange of information.

Two-Way Communication: Encourage feedback loops and ensure mechanisms are in place for upward and lateral communication, not just top-down directives.

Confirmation of Understanding: Always verify that the message has been received and correctly interpreted. This may include repeating back critical instructions, asking clarifying questions, or requiring acknowledgments from recipients. In crisis or high-stakes communication, confirmation ensures that no details are lost or misinterpreted, reducing the risk of errors in execution.

Add to the equation the communication loop and barriers to communication, you begin to understand the challenges for firefighters in communicating effectively.

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FIREFIGHTER | COMMUNICATIONS

The Communication Loop

The communication loop is a fundamental concept in communication and describes the process of transmitting a message from a sender to a receiver and back again. It involves several key components:

Sender

Encoding

Message

Decoding

Receiver

Sender: The individual or entity that initiates the communication by sending a message.

Noise

Encoding: Converting thoughts, feelings or intentions into a communicable form.

Message/Transmitting: The information or content being communicated.

Decoding: Interpreting and making sense of the encoded message.

Receiver: The individual or entity that receives and interprets the message.

Feedback: The response from the receiver back to the sender, which is crucial for effective communication and confirmation of understanding.

The communication loop seems pretty simple, but we have to consider the potential of barriers to communication.

Barriers to Communication

Barriers to communication are obstacles that prevent a message from being sent, received or understood as intended. It is a key part of communication to try to filter these out to ensure messages are received as intended.

They can exist at any stage of the communication loop — during encoding, transmission or decoding. Barriers to communication can be defined as noise in the communication loop.

Noise is anything that interferes with the transmission or understanding of a message. It can distort, block or change the meaning, leading to misunderstanding. Noise may be physical (tangible obstacles in the environment), physiological (physical or health conditions), psychological (mental or emotional factors) or semantic in type (problems caused by words, symbols or language differences).

Other barriers include organisational barriers which occur due to the issues in process or structure of communication in a workplace. This may be of too many layers/hierarchies, poor coordination between the departments and so on.

Another barrier is the cultural barrier which is due to differences in

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norms, values and communication styles. They may include different interpretations of gestures, varied levels of directness in speech, cultural taboos around certain topics.

In a communication loop, noise can affect both encoding and decoding, which is why repeat-backs, clear language and confirmations are critical in emergency operations.

When I was working in the USA programme managing a suite of firefighter programmes for a Middle Eastern client to NFPA Codes and Standards, I worked with USA Fire Instructors, so imagine the difficulties in ensuring that my expectations were delivered effectively.

I had to learn a different language as fire services used different terms; for example, the UK call top of the ladder the ‘head’ and the bottom the ‘heel’ whereas the USA use ‘tip’ and ‘tail’, so then in the need to ensure this was translated to Arabic by interpreters accurately, you can see the need to follow the communication loop and consider the barriers to communication.

Communication Equipment Development

Technology continues to reshape how firefighters communicate. Modern radios are smaller, more durable and equipped with noise-cancelling features that make voices clearer even through a mask.

Digital networks are creating dedicated secure channels for first responders, capable of transmitting not only voice but also data. Some departments now use vehicle mounted computers, tablets or smartphones to receive messages, building plans, hazard information, hydrant locations or even live drone feeds directly at the scene and remote control centres. Wearable sensors are being developed that can track firefighters’ vital signs, location and remaining air supply,

automatically transmitting the data back to Breathing Apparatus Entry Control or Command. Looking ahead, concepts such as body-worn cameras and heads-up displays may further enhance situational awareness.

Fire Services rely heavily on standardisation and training. Radio discipline is drilled into firefighters from their earliest days as are message structure and communication methods.

Everyone learns the same terminology, the same procedures and the same habits of confirming messages and repeating back critical instructions. This helps in communication at multi-agency incidents, where there are competing priorities, beliefs in primacy, language differences and personalities. Being consistent, clear and concise will ensure that when mutual aid is needed, communication won’t collapse under pressure and a coordinated presence will resolve the incident effectively.

Yet, with all these advances, one truth remains constant: the most effective communication is often the simplest. A short, clear message delivered at the right time can prevent disaster. Conversely, a missed or garbled transmission can mean the difference between a successful rescue and tragedy. Technology can support firefighters, but it cannot replace the discipline, training and culture of communication that must exist in every department.

Ultimately, firefighter communication is not just about equipment or procedure — it is about trust. Every firefighter must trust that the instructions they receive are accurate and timely. And they must trust that their fellow firefighters are listening as carefully as they are speaking.

In the unpredictable, hazardous world of firefighting, that trust, built through communication, is what keeps crews safe and makes the impossible possible.

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SUPPORTING CONSTRUCTIONS | DOORS

From frame to finish Brett Shinn, Thomas Bell-Wright International Consultants, Dubai branch, looks at the unsung role of supporting constructions for doors – what’s their role, are they standard or associated and how do we test them?

In your most recent trip to the airport you may have noticed that it’s rather standard for gates to be compartmentalised by glazed doors installed in infinitely long partitions. The same types of systems exist on storefronts at the mall, or the glazed units which separate a parking garage from an escalator bank in a commercial building.

These types of systems are often fire-rated, but how does one go about firerating an infinitely expansive system? The usage conditions on these systems, with respect to the supporting construction they’re installed in, is starkly different than, say, a traditional apartment unit door in a high-rise.

The role of a supporting construction

First, let’s consider what a supporting construction is. In broad terms, it’s the wall a door or other passive element is installed in. The wall, typically, has a known fire performance and when a door is installed in it, testing is performed to demonstrate that the continuity of the wall-performance is maintained.

Standard supporting construction

These walls often, but not always, tend to fall into a category of standard supporting constructions – generally either low or high-density rigid supporting

constructions, or gypsum-based flexible supporting constructions. EN 1363-1, the General Procedures standard for Resistance to Fire Testing under the European Harmonised Standards, conveniently outlines what makes a supporting construction standard, or even how to make one.

For example, a low-density rigid supporting construction will be aerated concrete blocks with a density of 650 ± 200 kg/m3; a high-density rigid supporting construction will be standard masonry or homogenous concrete with a density of ≥ 850 kg/m3; and a flexible supporting construction will be a studframed wall with layer, web-depth and

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SUPPORTING CONSTRUCTIONS | DOORS

installation characteristics given in EN 1363-1.

Then, EN 1634-1, the European standard for doors, outlines how a door tested in one standard supporting construction may, or may not, apply to installing in a different type of standard supporting constructions.

But, not all supporting constructions are standard, and some are even associated supporting constructions.

Non-standard supporting construction

Strictly speaking, a non-standard supporting construction is anything that doesn’t fit within the requirements laid out in EN 1363-1. It can be confusing because when something is installed and tested in a gypsum wall then that is, indeed, a flexible supporting construction, but it may not be a standard flexible supporting construction. By virtue of not being standard, the EN 1634-1 door standard lends few allowances to the applicability of the test to other supporting construction.

But, if we return to the airport and mall model, with a door installed in an infinitely long partition, what actually is the supporting construction? Is it nonstandard, or is it associated?

Associated supporting construction

The airport and mall model is best illustrated with glazed systems because framing components used to make a door and a partition are often part of the same larger system – i.e. one may use the same transom and mullion profiles to make a door frame, or leaf, as they do for the partition, then integrate them. This example, however, is not exclusive to glazed systems; it’s just the clearest example.

The boundaries of what is and what is not an associated supporting construction (ASC) in EN 1634-1 can be difficult to understand. EN 1634-1 itself defines an ASC as a “specific construction in which the doorset or openable window is to be installed in practice and which is used to close off the furnace and provide the levels of restraint and thermal heat transfer to be experienced in normal use.”

In concept, that’s just any supporting construction, standard or non-standard, rigid or flexible. But in the use of the test standard, it’s best to understand it in

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“The goal in fire-testing is to gain compliance of a building product with desired variations.” terms of the airport and mall model – a door installed within a partition system that is from the same system catalogue, which may be integrated with the door, and which may require infinite extension.

But, what is the difference between having side-lights, transom panels, or over panels in a door system vs. viewing the door as installed in an ASC with the same arrangement of adjacent, non-swinging panels to the door leaf or leaves? The bottom-line, key to understanding this is fixity: Is the partition system fixed to and within the test frame, or not?

Routes to compliance

The goal in fire-testing is to gain compliance of a building product with desired variations. In an ideal scenario, the route to compliance would be explicitly stated in a testing standard, but this is not always the case. It must be understood that EN 1363-1 is a general procedures standard which has information for supporting constructions, then EN 1634-1 is the specific product testing standard for doors which gives simple allowances based on test scenarios, then EN 15269 (which has many parts) is an Extended Application (EXAP) standard which outlines more possible variations. None of these standards, in part or together, lend substantial allowances to associated supporting constructions.

For scenarios which lack explicit allowances, it is often the case that a certification body (CB) or other party will make engineering judgments as a route to compliance. Those routes may differ from one CB to another, but an interpretative example can be understood in the following two cases, both of which consider a glazed door with glazed panels above and to either side of the door leaf.

Scenario 1 – Side and Transom Panels: The door, which is integrated with surrounding glazed panels creating,

essentially, a partition, is installed within a test frame. All four edges of the system are fixed rigidly within the test frame.

By virtue of having all four edges fixed, this is a door installed with side and transom panels, not an associated supporting construction. The results, essentially, apply to that system and there is not recourse to connect this test evidence with another test in service of extending the partition system indefinitely, which is fine, because that may not be required.

Scenario 2 – Associated Supporting Construction: The same exact overall construction is installed in the same test frame, but this time with the vertical edges of the partition not fixed to the test frame, or otherwise using free edges.

There is a possible route to compliance here considering that: This test evaluates the integration of the door with the partition, and the partition is indeed a partition because it has unrestrained edges.

Then, a second test may be conducted on the partition alone under EN 1364-1, which would give the partition system expansion allowances.

Then, a CB or qualified party may be able to write a justification tying the door and partition tests together to allow someone to install the door in an infinitely long airport concourse, or mall-front.

And a third, or more, tests could be done in other supporting constructions with the doorset alone to widen the applicability to other constructions.

Scenario 2 is broad example of one route to compliance, but an overall example of understanding how associated supporting constructions can be managed with sufficient pre-test planning. bell-wright.com

Fireray Hub Reflective Simplify installation.

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EN54-12 and UL268 7th Edition approved

Light Cancellation Technology™ Resists sunlight interference to prevent false alarms.

Building Movement Tracking Maintains alignment as buildings shift, reducing service call-outs.

Long beam distance Up to 120 m / 394 ft per head with the Long-Range Kit.

Fast alignment time Self aligns in ~2 minutes or less.

Integrated laser Precise targeting of the Reflector for accurate setup.

Scalable coverage One Controller manages up to three Heads.

Protecting lives. Protecting assets.

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SCAN TO LEARN MORE

ffeuk.com | ffeus.com

PROMOTIONAL FEATURE

#IWMC2025 highlights The 24th International Water Mist Conference will take place in Manchester, UK, on 24th and 25th September and is organised by IWMA, the International Water Mist Association.

“The programme has attracted more attendees than in previous years”, said Bettina McDowell, CEO at IWMA. “We have reduced the time for the speakers from 30 to 20 minutes, as we wanted to fit in more presentations and thus make the event more informative and at the same time livelier”, she explained.

“I think we have done rather well, because we have managed to create an event with many highlights” McDowell added.

One of them is the bestowal of the Ragnar Wighus Award 2025. The name of this year’s winner is Azad Hamzehpour.

He has finished his Ph.D. thesis at the Polytechnic University of Turin, Italy, under the supervision of Prof. Vittorio Verda and Prof. Romano Borchiellini. As it is tradition, Hamzehpour has been invited to the conference where he will get the

opportunity to introduce his thesis titled Experimental and Simulation Analysis of Water Mist Systems for shielded Fire Applications to an audience of experts.

On being informed about having been chosen as the winner, Hamzehpour said: “I’m deeply honored to receive this award for my Ph.D. thesis. It’s incredibly rewarding to have my work recognised in this way, and I’m grateful to my supervisors and colleagues for their support throughout the journey.

This recognition inspires me to continue pursuing research that contributes to meaningful advances in the field.”

Another highlight is the publication of the IWMA Water Mist Guide. IWMA President Max Lakkonen (IFAB) calls it a “generic reference document that we believe could be of broad interest to really tell generic facts about the technology.”

The guide will be published on the IWMA webpage as well as in Wikipedia. www.iwma.net

24th International Water Mist Conference Manchester, UK 24th and 25th September 2025 GET YOUR TICKET TODAY!

The #IWMC2025Sponsors

www.iwma.net/iwmc FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 69

THE

CONQUER EVERY CHALLENGE

INDUSTRY MONITOR | EVENTS

2025 September

October

November

24–25 September

13–16 October

5–7 November

18–21 November

1 December

24TH INTERNATIONAL WATER MIST CONFERENCE

CHINA FIRE 2025

SECUTECH THAILAND

MILIPOL PARIS

THE SECURITY & FIRE AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE

Hyatt Regency Hotel, Manchester, UK iwma.net

China International Exhibition Center (New Pavilion) fireexpo.cn

29 September– 1 October INTERSEC SAUDI ARABIA

Queen Sirikit National Convention Center, Bangkok

intersec-ksa.ae.messefrankfurt.com

2026

Paris Nord Villepinte, France

secutechthailand.tw. messefrankfurt.com

milipol.com

11–12 November

19–21 November

OFSEC

SICUREZZA INTERNATIONAL SECURITY & FIRE EXHIBITION

Oman Convention & Exhibition Centre, Muscat, Oman

Riyadh International Convention and Exhibition Centre

December

ofsecevent.com

sicurezza.it

11–13 November

19–21 November

THE FIRE SAFETY EVENT ASIA 2025

SINGAPORE INTERNATIONAL DISASTER & EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT EXPO (SIDEX)

Sands Expo & Convention Centre, Singapore

Singapore Expo Hall 3 safetysecurityasia.com

sidex.sg

April

12–14 January

28–30 April

28–30 April

29 April

INTERSEC

THE FIRE SAFETY EVENT

MILIPOL ASIA PACIFIC

FIRE MIDDLE EAST CONFERENCE

NEC Birmingham, UK

Marina Bay Sands Expo & Convention Centre, Singapore

VOCO Hotel Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

firesafetyevent.com

milipolasiapacific.com

firemiddleeastconference.com

intersec.ae. messefrankfurt.com

securityandfireawards.com

Strada Statale, Italy

January

Dubai World Trade Centre

JW Marriott Grosvenor House, London, UK

Please check the event websites for the most up-to-date details as dates can change all the time.

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 71

Industrial firefighting

When every second counts

When oil or petrochemical fires break out quick and effective access to large-scale water supply is essential.

With our mobile water transport systems you are equipped to respond swiftly and minimising damage when every second counts.

Take a look at our new website for more information.

hytrans.com

The Netherlands

THE REVOLUTIONARY BATTERY TOOL SERIES The new SMART-FORCE battery-powered tool series starts a digital revolution in the rescue equipment market. More speed, a powerful and MILWAUKEE compatible 18 V battery, intuitive design and numerous smart features packed into a rugged and submersible housing.

More SMART-FORCE products on our website:

Saudi Arabia’s Premier Platform for Security, Safety & Fire Protection Solutions INNOVATING TO PROTECT SAUDI PROGRESS

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

WELCOME TO INTERSEC We are honoured and delighted to welcome you to Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025, taking place from 29 September to 1 October 2025 at the Riyadh International Convention and Exhibition Centre (RICEC) Held under the patronage of His Royal Highness Prince Abdulaziz bin Saud bin Naif bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Minister of Interior, and in association with the General Directorate of Civil Defense, this year’s edition marks an important milestone in the event’s journey and continued contribution to the Kingdom’s safety and security ecosystem.

After a record-breaking edition in 2024, this year’s show reflects even greater momentum. Over 370 exhibitors from more than 35 countries will showcase over 1,000 brands across seven halls and a dedicated outdoor area. With exhibition space now totalling 30,000 sqm, and more than 27,000 visitors expected, Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025 continues to grow in both scale and impact.

The show presents a comprehensive showcase across five product sectors: Commercial & Perimeter Security,

74 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Homeland Security & Policing, Fire & Rescue, Safety & Health and Cybersecurity, and features rich learning and engagement opportunities.

Our CPD-certified content theatres include the Future Security Summit (Powered by ASIS International Middle East) and the Fire Protection & Technology Summit, each offering deep insights into the critical topics shaping our industries.

We are especially pleased to highlight the Majlis at Intersec Saudi Arabia, which plays a central role in hosting official delegations and key government entities, providing a dedicated space for high-level dialogue and meaningful engagement, as well as the return of the Intersec Saudi Arabia Premium Club, which offers enhanced networking and hospitality experiences for key buyers and decision-makers.

On behalf of the team at Messe Frankfurt Middle East and our organising

partners at 1st Arabia, I would like to extend our sincere thanks to all our exhibitors, speakers and visitors for their invaluable support.

We look forward to welcoming you in Riyadh as we shape a safer, smarter, and more secure future together.

Warm regards,

Riham Sedik Exhibition Director Intersec Saudi Arabia Messe Frankfurt Middle East

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

AGENDA At this year’s conference, we’re committed to reshaping the future of fire safety by driving bold conversations with industry leaders, regulatory authorities and international experts who will convene to

address the evolving fire safety landscape through specialised tracks. We’re also proud to announce a groundbreaking collaboration with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), which will be bringing unparalleled expertise in fire protection to the 2nd day of the Summit.

Key themes: Code Evolution in Fire Safety Regulations and Compliance

Fire-Resilient Design for Modern Structures Next-Gen Smart Protection & Suppression Innovation Protecting GIGA Developments and Large-Scale Events in the Kingdom Collaborating for an Enhanced Fire and Life Safety in the Kingdom

29TH SEPTEMBER, 2025

DAY ONE

10:00

Registration & Networking

11:00

Opening Keynote Speech Saudi Civil Defense

11:30

On-stage conversation Navigating the New Saudi Building Code and Fire Code

11:50

Presentation Enhancing the Safety Standard of Super High-rise Buildings under Construction through Regulatory Control and Modern Firefighting Strategy

12:20

Case Study Fire Safety for Mega-Events

12:40

Panel Discussion The Certification Imperative: Navigating Product Compliance in the Saudi Market

13:20

Presentation Using AI Tools to Analyse and Interpret Fire Safety Codes

13:40

Presentation Air Drone Technology Advantages in Fire & Rescue

14:00

Presentation Community Risk Assessment for Large-Scale Development

14:20

Case Study Strengthening Emergency Response: Interoperability Across Blue Light Services

14:40

Presentation Human Vulnerability and Emerging Risks: Why Fire Protection Must Keep Pace with AI Advancement

15:10

Panel Discussion From A to Z: Maintaining and Delivering Fire Safety Throughout a Building’s Life Cycle

15:50

Case Study Revolutionising Fire Protection in the Fuel Stations Sector: Smart Strategies to Significantly Reduce Costs and Enhance Compliance

16:10

Presentation Fire Prevention Management in Airport Facilities

16:35

Presentation Fire & Life Safety Compliance at Scale: Lessons from Giga Projects

16:55

Panel Discussion Fire Safety in the Tourism Boom: Hotels, Resorts and Seasonal Populations

17:30

Onstage conversation Designing for Safety: How Urban Growth Demands Smarter Protection Approaches

17:50

Closing Remarks & Day 1 Summary FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 75

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

30TH SEPTEMBER, 2025 The NFPA Day at INTERSEC Saudi 2025 offers a dedicated platform to explore how global fire and life safety standards can be innovatively applied to support Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. Curated by NFPA and chaired by Zahi Daher, NFPA’s Saudi Country Manager, the day brings together leading voices from government, industry and stakeholders to tackle emerging challenges and build more resilient communities.

DAY TWO From keynote remarks by NFPA President & CEO Jim Pauley and Saudi Civil Defense to in-depth presentations, panel discussions and case studies, the agenda addresses a wide range of topics — from electric vehicle fire risks and lithium-ion battery safety to fire safety, emergency response and the path from code compliance to code equivalency.

The sessions emphasise the critical role of standards in enabling innovation, ensuring public safety and fostering cross-

sector collaboration. Throughout the day, attendees will gain practical insights into NFPA standards, certifications, training programmes, and how they can be effectively utilised for Saudi Arabia’s unique needs.

The day concludes with a networking session, offering opportunities for stakeholders to connect, share experiences and explore partnerships that advance fire and life safety across the Kingdom.

THEME “Innovating Fire & Life Safety: Bridging Global Standards with Local Vision” Sub-Themes: Global Standards, Local Action: Emphasising the application of NFPA’s global expertise within the Saudi Arabian context.

Future-Ready Fire Safety: Exploring innovative technologies and approaches for enhanced safety.

Resilience & Preparedness: Focusing on building robust emergency response and crisis management capabilities.

Building Safety Ecosystems: Highlighting the importance of codes, compliance and capacity building

11:00

Registration & Networking

11:30

Opening Remarks From Grenfell to Global Action: Strengthening Communities Through the NFPA Fire & Life Safety Ecosystem™

11:50

Presentation Advancing Fire Safety in the Kingdom: Implementing Codes and Standards for a Safer Saudi Arabia

12:20

Panel Discussion Saudi Building Code and Fire Code – Changes and Implementation

12:50

Presentation Designing with Purpose – Building for Diversity

13:10

Panel Discussion How Compliance Builds Resilient Communities

13:50

Presentation MODON’s initiatives to Resilient Industrial Cities Against Risks and Crises

14:10

Presentation Electric Vehicles, Emerging Hazards: Rethinking Fire Safety for a Changing World

14:30

Fireside Chat Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS): Bridging the Gap Between Innovation and Firefighter Safety

15:00

Panel Discussion Standards Implementations in Saudi Projects: American vs European Standards

15:40

Presentation Beyond Compliance: The Role of NFPA 25 in Maintaining Fire Protection Performance

16:00

Presentation Enhancing Fire Safety in Railway Operations: Strategies for Prevention and Response in SAR facilities

16:20

Closing Remarks & Acknowledgements

78 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

1ST OCTOBER, 2025

DAY THREE

10:00

Registration & Networking

11:05

Opening Remarks

by Conference Chairperson

Passive Fire Focus by FCIA 11:10

Presentation Lifecycles of Firestopping & Compartmentation

11:30

Panel discussion Responsibilities across the Lifecycle of Firestopping & Compartmentation

12:20

Presentation Crowd Movement and Accessibility

12:40

Presentation Comparing Global Fire Truck Standards Tailored to Regional Mission Needs

12:55

Presentation Industrial Fire Operations

13:10

Presentation Resilience & Business Continuity

Taking the Industry Forward 13:25

Panel Discussion Trailblazers in Fire: Women Defining the Future of Safety

13:55

Presentation Mass Casualty Incidents: Delivering Effective Humanitarian Support to Victims and Their Families

14:20

Case Study Modernising Legacy Buildings: Fire Safety Retrofitting Strategies for Saudi Arabia’s Existing Structures

14:40

Closing Remarks FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 79

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

FEATURED SPEAKERS Fire Protection & Technology Summit

TERRACE TSANG

AHMED AL SUBAIE

HANI AL ALAIWI

Chief Fire Officer, Hong Kong Fire Services Department

Deputy Fire Chief, SASREF

Executive Director, Saudi Association for Safety & Fire (SASF)

KHALID AL MANDIL

JIM PAULEY

BETH TUBBS

Executive Director and Fire Commissioner, Red Sea Global

President & Chief Executive Officer, NFPA

Vice President of Codes, International Code Council

PHIL GARRIGAN

DANA NASSIF

MATT SUTCLIFFE

Chair, National Fire Chiefs Council

Assistant Project Manager AECOM

Assistant Chief Fire Officer, Humberside Fire and Rescue Service UK

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 81

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

30,000SQM of exhibition space

1,000+ top brands to explore

27,000+ industry peers to network

YOUSIF MOHAMED P.E.

SUTHARSON SATHAIAH

JOHN DUNNE

Fire Prevention Officer, King Fahd International Airport (KFIA)

HSE Director - Six Flags and Aquarabia, Qiddiya City

Group Head of Health and Safety, Red Sea Global

OLGA CALEDONIA

SAWSAN DAHHAM

PAUL SINCAGLIA

Global Director, NFPA

Founder & Chief Executive Officer, SIENA

Chief Fire Protection Engineer Codes and Standards Development Department, International Code Council

CHRIS CHENNELL

MOHAMMED AL SAEEFAN

Head of Fire & Life Safety Technical Director, WSP

Fire Protection Engineering Specialist, Saudi Aramco

ENG. HUSSEIN MOHAMMED RAJAB

82 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Senior Manager – Fire Prevention, King Fahd International Airport (KFIA)

OPTIMISED FIRE SPRINKLER WATER TANKS With over 45 years of experience, Balmoral Tanks specialises in designing, manufacturing and installing fire sprinkler tanks globally.

Our state‐of‐the‐art facilities, coupled with unrivalled expertise and exceptional customer service, supports all water storage projects.

For these reasons, engineers, investors, designers and contractors choose the Balmoral ‘firetanQ’ brand for their projects. balmoraltanks.com/firetanQ

Member

BS EN 12845 compliant designs Eurocode compliant designs

Join us at Saudi Arabia’s Premier Platform for Security, Safety, and Fire Protection

370+

Exhibitors from 35 different countries

27,000+ Trade Visitors

120+

Speakers across 2 stages

REGISTER NOW AND GET YOUR COMPLIMENTARY VISITOR PASS www.intersec-ksa.com

intersec-ksa@uae.messefrankfurt.com

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

HOCHIKI

STAND

5-E09 Hochiki, a world-renowned manufacturer with over 100 years of global experience, will be exhibiting at Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025 on Stand 5-E09.

With precision-crafted, performancedriven fire detection and emergency lighting solutions, Hochiki delivers systems designed in Japan and certified to UL, FM and EN standards. Built for resilience in high-risk sectors, their smart addressable technology offers intelligent control and seamless scalability across complex projects.

VIKING

STAND

5-B36

Viking is your trusted partner in fire protection. Come to see Viking at Intersec Saudi Arabia, Booth 5 B36! Our team of fire protection experts from Europe, the Middle East and North Africa will be available to provide comprehensive insights into our wide range of solutions.

Explore the latest innovations in Water and Deluge, Water Mist, Foam and Detection and Control systems. Take the opportunity to discuss your specific needs with our specialists and identify the solution best suited to your requirements. viking-emea.com

ADVANCED

Whether you’re specifying for industrial, commercial or critical infrastructure, Hochiki’s solutions offer flexible configuration to meet evolving protection needs. “Precision Safety, Proven Worldwide – Now Empowering the Kingdom” Visit the stand to explore the latest innovations in life safety technology and meet the expert team behind one of the world’s most trusted life safety brands. hochikieurope.com

STAND

5-D36

Advanced will be showcasing its latest UL and EN fire safety technologies at Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025 (Stand 5-D36). On display will be the UL 864-approved Axis AX system, designed for large and complex projects with powerful networking, scalability and integrated voice evacuation. Advanced will also present its enhanced Axis EN panels, offering faster processing, hybrid wired/wireless operation and improved energy efficiency. Complementary solutions including AlarmCalm false alarm management, DynamixSmoke smoke control, ExGo gas extinguishing and redundant panel configurations will also feature, alongside compact options like AxisGo and QuickZone, ensuring reliable protection for projects of every scale. advancedco.com linkedin.com/company/advancedfiresystems

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 85

WATER DRIVEN PUMP PROPORTIONERS FOR FLUORINE-FREE FOAMS (SFFF)

(Selected models)

FIREMIKS For Industrial and Sprinkler Firefighting Piston pumps (-PP) are well suited for systems with wide flow range, for example sprinkler systems.

Gear pumps (-GP) are particularly suited for working in deluge installations and with large flow monitors.

FIREMIKS Mobile unit for Fire Brigades With a FIREMIKS the firefighters get a flexible resource, easy to adapt to different firefighting situations. FIREMIKS works within a wide pressure and flow range giving a precise and steady dosing rate.

EASY TO INSTALL

EASY TO OPERATE

EASY TO TEST

COMPACT DOSING SYSTEM, NO NEED FOR PRESSURE TANK OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY SUPPLY.

RELIABLE MECHANICAL PROPORTIONER, DRIVEN BY THE WATER FLOW ONLY, NO NEED FOR PRESSURE BALANCING OR CALIBRATION

ECONOMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTALLY BENEFICIAL TESTING WITH A DOSING RETURN VALVE AND TWO SEPARATE FLOW METERS

Firemiks AB | www.firemiks.com | +46-8-551 196 10

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

DAFO FOMTEC AB

STAND

5-C36

Fomtec is a leading global manufacturer of firefighting foams, dedicated to protecting lives, property and the environment.

With headquarters in Sweden, the company provides an extensive portfolio of foam concentrates including fluorine-free, Class A, Class B and specialty products tailored to diverse firefighting applications.

Renowned for extensive product testing, innovation and reliability, Fomtec combines advanced research with strict quality standards to deliver effective, sustainable solutions for municipal, industrial, aviation, marine, and military sectors. Its commitment to customer support, technical expertise and environmental responsibility has established Fomtec as a trusted partner in fire protection worldwide.

Visit us on Booth 5-C36 with our partners FFS & ESS.

FIREPRO

VICTORY FIRE & GAS

STAND

7-E24

Victory Fire & Gas Inc. is a trusted global leader in the design and manufacturing of high-quality portable extinguisher hardware and UL/ULC and EN3 certified portable fire extinguishers.

Its product line includes ABC Dry Chemical, Stored Pressure Water, Water Mist, Wet Chemical and CO2 extinguishers, as well as cutting-edge AVD extinguishers specifically designed to tackle lithium battery fires.

Victory Fire & Gas Inc.—protecting lives and property with safety, quality, and innovation. victoryfiregas.com

STAND

6-C12 FirePro designs, manufactures and distributes worldwide the environment friendly FirePro Condensed Aerosol Fire Suppression Systems. FirePro is the leading brand in the condensed aerosol fire suppression technology for the past two decades.

FirePro is part of Halma plc. Halma is a global group of life-saving technology companies with a clear purpose to grow a safer, cleaner, healthier future for everyone, every day. To date FirePro installations have been completed in more than 110 countries for a welldiversified portfolio of clients.

FirePro is registered under the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and certified to conform to the International Register of Marks maintained under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol. firepro.com

FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67 | 87

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

OLYMPIA ELECTRONICS SA

STAND

7-A12

Olympia Electronics SA, one of Europe’s leading safety electronics manufacturers with numerous distinctions and a strong presence in international exhibitions, will once again participate in Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025, the premier global exhibition for security and emergency services.

Olympia Electronics SA will be represented by Export Manager Mr Pantelis Adar and Assistant Export Manager Mr Nikolaos Adar-Mavridis. During the exhibition, they will present the company’s latest innovative solutions, including an addressable emergency lighting system, advanced fire detection technologies, wireless emergency lighting and remote monitoring solutions, as well as other cutting-edge products for the safety electronics sector. With its participation at Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025, stand 7-A12, Olympia Electronics SA underscores its leading role in the security industry and reaffirms its commitment to a successful global expansion strategy. olympia-electronics.com

AVD FIRE

FFE

STAND

5-F33

FFE will showcase specialist fire detection solutions at Intersec Saudi Arabia, including Fireray One beam smoke detector, Fireray Hub Reflective beam smoke detector, Fireray 3000 Ex d beam smoke detector and Talentum flame detectors (Standard, Ex d and New 26000 Stainless Steel).

With over 50 years’ expertise, FFE delivers reliable detection for large and challenging environments, covering beam smoke, flame and linear heat detection. ffeuk.com ffeus.com

STAND

7-E24 AVD Fire, the global leader in lithiumion battery fire suppression, will showcase its world-class range of Lithium-Ion Fire Extinguishers and EV Fire Blankets at Intersec Saudi Arabia 2025.

In joint collaboration with our trusted distribution partner Victory Fire, we are proud to present proven solutions for safeguarding electric vehicles, energy storage, transport hubs and critical infrastructure. With successful deployments across the Middle East, including the Dubai Metro and Qatari Civil Defence approval, AVD Fire brings unrivalled expertise to the Kingdom. avdfire.com

88 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Built to Perform. Proven to Last.

Hochiki: The Gold Standard in Life Safety Trusted for unmatched reliability, global certification, and intelligent fire safety design.

Reduce false alarms with precision detection

Designed and manufactured in Japan, the UK, and the USA

Lower lifetime cost without compromising performance

Networking capabilities for complex and scalable projects

0.001% manufacturer failure rate

International network of trusted installers

Simple installation and low maintenance design

Trusted globally by leading developers and consultants

We Do Fire. Better.

Contact our Middle East team today to specify Hochiki devices for your next project.

Visit www.hochikie europe.com/middleeast or email sales@hochiki.ae

| SAUDI ARABIA 2025

BALMORAL TANKS

STAND

6-A11

With over 45 years of experience, Balmoral Tanks specialises in designing, manufacturing and installing fire sprinkler tanks globally. Its state-of-the-art facilities, coupled with unrivalled expertise and exceptional customer service, supports all water storage projects.

For these reasons, engineers, investors, designers and contractors choose the Balmoral ‘firetanQ’ brand for their projects. balmoraltanks.com/firetanQ

MSA SAFETY

STAND

5-C34

MSA Safety is proud to join the Saudi Sicli stand at Intersec Saudi Arabia, showcasing the latest innovations designed to protect those who protect others. Visitors can discover MSA’s advanced fire helmets, fire and rescue protective clothing from Bristol, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), and connected solutions that deliver real-time data to enhance safety and efficiency. Supporting the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 and the development of smart cities, MSA demonstrates how cuttingedge safety equipment integrates with digital ecosystems to empower first responders and industrial workers. With over a century of expertise, MSA partners with Saudi Sicli to set the standard for safety excellence across the region. ae.msasafety.com

Fireray Hub Reflective: advanced beam smoke detection The Fireray Hub Reflective, developed by FFE Ltd, is a next-generation reflective beam smoke detector for large, open spaces such as airports, warehouses, shopping centres and exhibition halls Using an infrared beam directed at a reflector, the system detects smoke by monitoring changes in light intensity.

This proven method delivers wide-area coverage with fewer devices, reducing installation complexity and ongoing costs.

Key innovations: Auto-Alignment™ – motorised alignment that sets up in minutes and stays on target, cutting install time and service call-outs.

Light Cancellation Technology™ – resists sunlight and strong artificial light to prevent false alarms.

Building Movement Tracking – continuously compensates for structural shifts to maintain reliable operation.

90 | FIRE MIDDLE EAST | ISSUE 67

Global approvals – certified to EN 54-12 and UL 268 (7th Edition) for worldwide deployment.

Designed for operational efficiency, Fireray Hub minimises maintenance, reduces disruption and integrates seamlessly with fire alarm and building management systems — ideal for futureready fire protection strategies across transportation, logistics, public venues and industry.

FFE Ltd +44 (0)1462 444 740 marketing@ffeuk.com ffeuk.com ffeus.com

Now manufacturing in KSA Enabling even faster delivery of class-leading gas detection products in support of more efficient supply chains.

Now even closer to both customers and suppliers

Proven, High-Precision Sensors Gas detection is an essential safety aspect throughout the oil and gas industry. With so much activity in the Middle East, we bring the production of key proven gas detection solutions closer to their point of use better serving a vast regional industry that recognises the importance of a robust and prevalent safety culture.

FP-700

The partnership with Industrial Detection Solutions (IDS) and its manufacturing facility in Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) now enables the local production of high-precision sensors for detecting toxic and combustible gases, helping to protect workers and assets at oil and gas production/ drilling facilities, LNG/CNG plants, and refining and petrochemical sites.

DM-700

IR-700

CONTACT US

These detectors support maximum safety with an innovative design that virtually eliminates sensor failure due to water ingress, corrosion, vibration or transient spikes.