Inside Whitehall Winter 2023

The Magazine for Flagler Museum Members

Winter 2023 Volume Thirty • Number One Inside

TM

Whitehall

FL AGLER MUSEUM

he nr y mo rris on palm beach, florida

One Whitehall Way, Palm Beach, FL 33480 (561) 655-2833 www.FlaglerMuseum.us

museum hours

Tuesday - Saturday, 10 am to 5 pm Sunday, 12 to 5 pm

Closed Mondays, Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s Day

board of trustees

Kelly M. Hopkins, President

G. F. Robert Hanke, Vice President

William M. Matthews, Treasurer

Thomas S. Kenan, III, Secretary

Barry G. Hoyt, Trustee

Richard M. Krasno, Trustee

George G. Matthews, Trustee

leadership Team

John Blades, Executive Director

Christina Bernstein, Director of Finance

David Carson, Public Affairs Director

Mark Johnson, Store & Café Manager

Ben Hillman, Director of External Affairs

Volume 30, Issue 1

Henry Morrison Flagler Museum, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation.

National Historic Landmark

Accredited since 1973 by follow us:

@flaglermuseum

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Cover Image: Pickets, Charles Schreyvogel, 1907 Above Photos: Erwin E. Smith Collection, Library of Congress, 1905- 1926

Inside Whitehall - Winter 2023 1

West american the

During the gilDeD age

Winter exhibition on vieW January 31 - april 23, 2023

So much of how the Gilded Age is viewed and understood has been shaped by what has been written about the activities and experiences of those living in cities, particularly those cities in the Northeast. However, there were an entirely different set of experiences and activities taking place during the Gilded Age that were as big as the West itself and every bit as important to both the development of the nation and shaping the American Character.

The Flagler Museum’s 2023 winter exhibition, The American West During the Gilded Age, will introduce and consider those aspects of the American West during the Gilded Age that were important to both the development of the nation and the shaping of the American Character, including: the role of railroads in opening up the West, Native Americans of the West, the impact of the Homestead Act, Mountain Men and the importance of the fur trade, the role of the US Army in the West, the development of Cattle Ranching, the importance of mining in the West, the West as entertainment, the development of the National Park System, the growth of the Nation as 11 states and massive amounts of land were added to the Union, and the Lawmen and Outlaws of the West.

FLAGLER MUSEUM 2023

All concerts begin at 7:30 p.m. Tickets are $75 per concert

$350 for the five-concert Series

Regularly featured on Performance Today! and National Public Radio, the Flagler Museum Music Series brings acclaimed musicians to the finest chamber music venue in South Florida. Audience members experience chamber music as it was intended, in a gracious and intimate setting. The Flagler name has long been associated with great music. Henry and Mary Lily Flagler frequently hosted musical performances in Whitehall’s Music Room equipped with a 1,249 pipe J.H. & C.S. Odell & Co. organ. Flagler’s son, Henry Harkness Flagler, was instrumental in the organization of the New York Symphony Society, serving also as its president.

The Flagler Museum Music Series is funded in part by The Palm Beach County Board of County Commissioners, Tourist Development Council, and the Cultural Council for Palm Beach County.

February 7The Viano String Quartet

The highly acclaimed Viano String Quartet portray “all the warmth, balanced sound, rhythmic solidity, and elegance one could wish for” (American Record Guide). The Quartet has achieved outstanding success since their formation in 2015, with a career-defining First Prize win at the 2019 Banff International String Quartet Competition. The name “Viano” describes the four individual instruments in a string quartet interacting as one. Each of the four instruments begins with the letter “V”, and like a piano, all four string instruments together play both harmony and melody, creating a unified instrument called the “Viano”.

February 14Violinist Simone Porter with Rohan de Silva

Violinist Simone Porter has been recognized as an emerging artist of impassioned energy, interpretive integrity, and vibrant communication. In the past few years she has debuted with the New York Philharmonic, the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Los Angeles Philharmonic; and with a number of renowned conductors, including Stéphane Denève, Gustavo Dudamel, Yannick Nézet-Séguin, Nicholas McGegan, and Donald Runnicles. Simone made her professional solo debut at age 10 with the Seattle Symphony and her international debut with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in London at age 13. In 2015, Simone was named a recipient of an Avery Fisher Career Grant.

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February 21-

The Summit Piano Trio

Celebrating its 14th season as the ensemble-inresidence at Georgia’s Kennesaw State University, the critically acclaimed Summit Piano Trio continues to impress and delight audiences with its highly refined, dynamic performances, and has firmly established itself as one of the Southeast’s preeminent chamber ensembles. Offering an eclectic repertoire ranging from the beloved classics to the latest of the avant-garde, SPT is regularly heard on Atlanta’s NPR station and throughout the country.

February 28-

Cuarteto Latinoamericano

Founded in Mexico in 1982, the Latin American Quartet, has won the Latin Grammy twice; in 2012 for the album “Brasileiro, works of Francisco Mignone” and in 2016 for “El Hilo Invisible.” The Quartet represents a unique voice in the international arena, disseminating the musical creation of Latin America in five continents. The Quartet continues to tour four continents with the scores of Villa-Lobos, Revueltas, Ginastera, Piazzolla and many other great Latin American masters under their arms.

March 7The Neave Trio

Since forming in 2010, Neave Trio violinist Anna Williams, cellist Mikhail Veselov, and pianist Eri Nakamura has earned enormous praise for its engaging, cutting-edge performances. The group’s 2019 album “Her Voice”, on Chandos Records, was named one of the best recordings of the year by both The New York Times and BBC Radio 3. The Boston Musical Intelligencer reports, “it is inconceivable that they will not soon be among the busiest chamber ensembles going,” and “their unanimity, communication, variety of touch, and expressive sensibility rate first tier.”

Roe Green

The MBS Family Foundation

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2023 Whitehall Lecture Series

Architects of the Gilded Age

February 5 - March 19, 2023

Lectures begin at 3:00 pm on Sunday afternoons

Tickets available at www.FlaglerMuseum.us

Free for Museum Members at the Visionary and Legacy level

$15 for all other Members

$40 per lecture for non-members

Includes Museum Admission

- The Influence of École des Beaux-Arts in America

Presented by Dr. Laurie Ossman

The most famous and oldest school of arts is the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris. The school has a history spanning more than 350 years, training many of the great artists in Europe. The Beaux-Arts style of architecture draws on classical design, preserving these idealized forms and passing the style on to future generations.

Dr. Laurie Ossman joined the Antiquities Coalition Advisory Council in May 2017. Previously, Laurie was the Director of Museum Affairs at the Preservation Society of Newport County, overseeing the curatorial, conservation, interpretation and academic initiatives at the Preservation Society’s 11 historic properties – seven of them National Historic Landmarks – which range in date from the mid-18th to the early 20th centuries.

February 12th - The Architecture of Horace Trumbauer: “The Standard, Metropolitan and Authoritative Thing”

Presented by Dr. David Brownlee

Horace Trumbauer (December 28, 1868 - September 18, 1938) was in many ways the most enigmatic architect of America’s “Gilded Age.” Although he left school when he was 14, by the time he was thirty he had built palatial homes for some of the nation’s wealthiest families, and his office would produce more than 800 designs over the next forty years. In addition to great houses, this included important public buildings such as the Widener Library at Harvard, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Free Library of Philadelphia, and the two campuses of Duke University.

An important aspect of his work was the key role played by Julian Abele, the first African-American graduate of the architecture program at the University of Pennsylvania and the chief designer in Trumbauer’s office. Abele’s artistry was a vital ingredient in some of the firm’s most significant buildings, and despite racial prejudice and Jim Crow restrictions, his role was clearly visible and appreciated by many clients and fellow architects.

February 19th - Memory and Imagination: Stanford White in Detail

Presented by Samuel G. White FAIA, LEED AP

Stanford White (November 9, 1853 – June 25, 1906) is remembered for the density, diversity, and sheer visual energy of the ornament with which he enriched his architecture, while the buildings themselves are both strikingly original and reassuringly familiar. This observation formed the basis of Samuel G. White’s book, Stanford White in Detail (Monacelli Press, 2020), which explores White’s dazzling use of ornament with close-up photography by Jonathan Wallen. White’s lecture “Memory & Imagination” will step back from those tightly framed images to consider the larger sources of Samuel White’s great grandfather’s inspiration for those extraordinary designs, ranging from the voluptuous interiors of the Villard Houses to the exuberance of Gould Memorial Library in the Bronx.

Dr. Laurie Ossman Dr. David Brownlee

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Samuel G. White

February 26th - Julia Morgan: The Most Accomplished Female Architect of Her Time

Presented by Dr. Karen McNeill

Julia Morgan (January 20, 1872 – February 2, 1957) an American architect and engineer, designed more than 700 buildings in California during a long and prolific career. She is best known for her work on Hearst Castle in San Simeon, California. Morgan was the first woman to be admitted to the architecture program at l’École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris and the first woman architect licensed in California. She designed many buildings for institutions serving women and girls, including a number of YWCAs.

Julia Morgan was the first woman to receive the American Institute of Architects highest award, the AIA Gold Medal, posthumously in 2014.

March 5th - Charles Follen McKim: Creating an Architecture for America

Presented by Dr. Richard Guy Wilson

Charles Follen McKim (August 24, 1847 – September 14, 1909) provided the architectural expertise as a member of the partnership McKim, Mead & White.

Richard Guy Wilson is an expert on historic architecture. He is the Commonwealth Professor in Architectural History at the University of Virginia and has received numerous awards, including the university’s Outstanding Professor award in 2001.

March 12th - Daniel Burnham and the City Beautiful Movement

Presented by Dr. Kristen Schaffer

Daniel Hudson Burnham FAIA (September 4, 1846 – June 1, 1912) was an American architect and urban designer. A proponent of the Beaux-Arts movement, he may have been, “the most successful power broker the American architectural profession has ever produced.”

A successful Chicago architect, he was selected as Director of Works for the 1892–93 World’s Columbian Exposition, colloquially referred to as “The White City”. He had prominent roles in the creation of master plans for the development of a number of cities, including the Plan of Chicago, and plans for Manila, Baguio and downtown Washington, D.C.

March 19th - Carrère & Hastings: Perhaps If Not for Henry Flagler

Presented by Dr. Laurie Ossman

In 1902 the New York Herald proclaimed Whitehall as, “more wonderful than any palace in Europe, grander and more magnificent than any other private dwelling in the World.” Carrère and Hastings, who designed Flagler’s Hotel Ponce de Leon, studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to design many Gilded Age landmarks.

Dr. Ossman is an architectural historian who has worked in curatorial and preservation roles at Vizcaya, Ca’d’Zan, the Flagler Museum, and Monticello, prior to her current position at Woodlawn Plantation and Pope-Leighey House in Mt. Vernon, Washington D.C.

Dr. Karen McNeill Dr. Richard Guy Wilson Dr. Kristen Schaffer

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Dr. Laurie Ossman

West Palm Beach: Flagler’s Vision is Finally Becoming a Reality

Join us Saturday, January 28, at 10:30 a.m. at The Square in West Palm Beach for a discussion between Flagler Museum Executive Director, John M. Blades, and Harvey Oyer, attorney and historian, about the founding of West Palm Beach, the history of the city, and the recent growth of the downtown. The discussion will take place at The Square, 700 S Rosemary Avenue, on the lawn, in West Palm Beach.

RSVP: Live on Eventbrite; complimentary to attend. $20 optional donation to Flagler Museum includes a gift bag and reserved covered seating. Learn more at: www.TheSquareWestPalm.com

Valentine’s Day Tea in the Café des Beaux-Arts

Tuesday, February 14

Seatings at 12 pm and 2 pm

Tickets available at www.FlaglerMuseum.us

$50 for Museum Members

$80 for non-members

Includes Museum Admission, Tax (Gratuity will be added at time of payment)

Advance Purchase Required

Tea was a popular vacation pastime for those visiting Palm Beach and Henry Flagler’s lavish resort hotels during the Gilded Age. Join the Museum in commemorating the return of this historic tradition, with your sweetheart, on Valentine’s Day. Guests will indulge in a special tea while listening to the romantic sounds of a live classical harp performance.

Valentine’s Day Tea is funded in part by The Palm Beach County Board of County Commissioners, Tourist Development Council, and the Cultural Council for Palm Beach County.

Image: Indiehouse Films

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How Orange Blossoms Made Miami

In 1891, following the death of her husband and father, Julia Tuttle sold her home in Cleveland, Ohio, and moved to Biscayne Bay with her two children.

Tuttle purchased 640 acres of land on the north bank of the Miami River, with the hope of attracting settlers and developing the area around Fort Dallas. In a letter to a friend, Tuttle wrote:

“It may seem strange to you, but it is a dream of my life to see this wilderness turned into a prosperous country where this tangled mass of vines, brush, trees and rocks now are to see homes with modern improvements surrounded by beautiful grassy lawns, flowers, shrubs and shade trees.”

More than just a landowner, Tuttle was a sharp businesswoman. With the mission of extending Henry Flagler’s railroad south, Tuttle visited Flagler

in St. Augustine in 1893. She hoped to convince Flagler to purchase land in Fort Dallas, which would draw the attention of other investors and settlers. However, Flagler declined her request.

Then, during the winter of 1894-1895 much of Florida experienced two freezes that devastated the citrus crops. On December 29, 1894, the usual sunny Florida day was disrupted by a chilling rainstorm. Temperatures plummeted to 19 degrees in Central Florida. A second freeze arrived on February 6, 1895, devastating the citrus industry and leaving thousands of dead trees.

Tuttle realized she had an opportunity since the freeze did not affect the crops in the Fort Dallas region. She wrote to her friend, James E. Ingraham, a railroad engineer hired by Flagler, hoping to encourage him to visit the area.

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Florida farmer surveying damage to orange trees in Orlando after the Great Freeze (1894-95). State Archives of Florida

Ingraham visited Biscayne Bay and found flourishing agriculture. “I gathered up a lot of blooms from these various trees, put them in damp cotton, and after an interview with Mrs. Tuttle and Mr. and Mrs. Brickell of Miami, I hurried to St. Augustine, where I called on Mr. Flagler and showed him the orange blossoms,” Ingraham recalled.

Flagler visited Biscayne Bay, accompanied by Ingraham and other lieutenants, and was convinced by Tuttle of the area’s potential. Tuttle, alongside Brickell, offered hundreds of acres of land in exchange for the railroad, water and power systems, and a hotel site. The next year, Flagler accepted the offer. On April 13, 1896, the first train arrived in Miami with Flagler and other prominent figures aboard. Three months later, Miami incorporated with just 444 citizens. However, he refused to have the town named after him, instead suggesting they name the new town after the river. Flagler opened his Hotel Royal Palm on the north bank of the Miami River, overlooking Biscayne Bay.

Julia Tuttle, the “Mother of Miami” was a pioneer resident and the only woman to have ever founded a major U.S. city. State Archives of Florida This early 1900s postcard depicts Florida’s thriving citrus and flowers. In advertisements, orange crates were often labeled “The box of oranges I promised you from Florida” or “Greetings from Florida”. State Archives of Florida

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Whitehall’s Easter Egg Hunt

Saturday, April 8, 2023

Gates open at 9:00 am, Hunt begins at 10:00 am Tickets available at www.FlaglerMuseum.us

$40 for Adults

$25 for Children

Free for Members at the Sponsor level and above (2 tickets) includes Children or Grandchildren

Free for Family level Members

(2 tickets) Children or Grandchildren require a paid ticket

Families and children of all ages are invited to our traditional Easter Egg Hunt on Museum grounds the Saturday before Easter. Treat-filled eggs will be “hidden” on the Museum’s lawn as well as in the Cocoanut Grove, and areas will be sectioned-off by age group so that all children, including toddlers, have the opportunity to participate safely.

Easter-themed games and face painting will be available during the first hour of the event, as well as visits with the Easter Bunny.

Whitehall’s Easter Egg Hunt is funded in part by The Palm Beach County Board of County Commissioners, Tourist Development Council, and the Cultural Council for Palm Beach County.

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Whitehall Society Mixing

It Up

Thursday, March 2, 2023

Doors open at 6:30 pm

Free for Whitehall Society Members

$50 for Flagler Museum Members

$75 for non-members

Mixing It Up is a celebration held in honor of the young professionals of the Whitehall Society. However, tickets are available for all Museum Members and non-members alike. This annual cocktail party supports the Museum’s educational programming for children. The evening’s festivities feature delicious refreshments and live entertainment.

Bluegrass in the Pavilion

Saturday, April 15, 2023

Event begins at 3:00 pm

Performances by The Larry Stephenson Band and Joe Mullins & The Radio Ramblers

$40 per person

The award-winning Larry Stephenson Band has been entertaining audiences for 30 years including their numerous performances on the Grand Ole Opry, RFD-TV and headlining festivals and concerts across the US and Canada. The group is led by Virginia Country Music Hall of Fame member and 5-time Society for The Preservation of Bluegrass Music in America (SPBGMA) Male Vocalist of the year. They also inducted Stephenson into their Hall Of Greats in 2018. With numerous IBMA and SPBGMA nominations and awards, Larry records on his own label, Whysper Dream Music.

Named Entertainers of the Year by the International Bluegrass Music Association (IBMA) in 2019, Joe Mullins & The Radio Ramblers have consistently delivered chart-topping radio hits and energetic performances for nearly 15 years. The Radio Ramblers are seen by tens of thousands of bluegrass fans every year and since 2013 have become regular guests on the historic Grand Ole Opry. Joe Mullins & The Radio Ramblers have generated an indemand following on the national scene, allowing them to be one of today’s most heralded torch-bearers in mainstream bluegrass and gospel music.

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A Nearly Forgotten Florida City and its Connection to one of the Great Events in American History

While some historians believe it was one of the three most important events in American history, today few seem to know anything about the World’s Columbian Exposition. One of the many significant and enduring impacts of the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition on American culture was the rise of the “City Beautiful” movement and the popularity of Beaux-Arts architecture, even in rather remote locations here in Florida, such as a small community along the St. Lucie River, less than 60 miles north of West Palm Beach. White City, Florida was named in honor of the gleaming, white façades of Chicago’s World’s Columbian Exposition, and its main street, Midway Road, was named after the Fair’s Midway Plaisance. The history of Florida’s White City, however, is an example not only of the enduring legacy of the 1893 Exposition, but also the immense appeal of Florida’s frontier, the wide-reaching influence of Henry Flagler, and the resilience of the human spirit.

White City was founded in November 1893 by Louis Pio, a Danish journalist, labor leader, and land promoter. Born in Denmark on December 14, 1841, Pio was best known as the editor of the Copenhagen paper, Social Democraten. His involvement in politics and labor organizing eventually landed him in prison, from which he was pardoned by the King after two years, due to his health, and exiled to the United States. Once in the United States, Pio began working to establish a utopian settlement of Danish and German workers near Salina, Kansas. The settlement, however, lasted only six weeks due to lack of funds, insufficient planning, and disagreements between the Danes and Germans. Pio then moved to Chicago and worked a variety of jobs, including: working in a Danish-language print shop, editing and writing for several Danish-NorwegianAmerican papers, and publishing eight books. He also worked as a Customs officer, and finally as a land agent for Niels Christian Frederiksen, a former professor turned magazine publisher turned real estate developer.

Through his connections with Frederiksen, Pio became involved in other land companies, namely the Florida Coast Line Canal & Transportation Company, the Boston and Florida Atlantic Coast Land Company, and, most importantly, the East Coast Line of the Jacksonville, St. Augustine, & Indian River Railway. Gilded Age Florida was in

many ways America’s last frontier. Throughout the 1890s, settlers from the American Midwest and Europe were drawn to Florida, bolstered by the ever-growing reach of Henry Flagler’s railway, the availability of land along the newly constructed lines, and the tireless work of land promoters like Pio. After traveling along Florida’s east coast from December 1892 to May 1893, Pio published The East Coast of Florida: Its Climate, Soil, and Products, a book designed to promote Florida to Danish and English-speaking audiences. He also placed ads in local Chicago newspapers for “Scandinavian workers for railroad and bridge work” on Florida’s east coast, directly recruiting for the Jacksonville, St. Augustine, & Indian River line.

Pio further promoted Florida through an office in the Florida State Building, which Henry Flagler helped fund and where he may well have met Flagler’s son Henry Harkness Flagler, at the 1893 World’s

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Louis Pio, Undated, Royal Danish Library Collections

Columbian Exposition in Chicago, a position that clearly inspired him to develop his settlement in Florida.

From his office in the Florida State Building, Pio distributed “about 50,000 small circulars and 10,000 books to visitors who inquired about Florida,” primarily “Northwestern farmers, especially Scandinavians and Germans.” From the inquiries and connections made at the Fair and throughout the Midwest, Pio organized 23 families to establish the “first Scandinavian colony on the East Coast,” which became known as the White City. By January 1894, 400 people reportedly lived in White City. In addition to his work in bringing Danes to White City through land agencies and promotional materials, Pio’s influence is also apparent in the street names. While the main street was named Midway after the 1893 Exposition, a 1907 map also shows Augusta, Percival, and Sylvia streets, which were named after Pio’s wife, son, and daughter.

While there is no direct correspondence between Pio and Henry Flagler, the Jacksonville, St. Augustine, & Indian River Railway (later renamed the Florida

East Coast Railway) was certainly involved in the development of White City. According to a December 1893 letter from Pio to the editors of The Southern States, the Jacksonville, St. Augustine, & Indian River Railway built an “immigrant hotel” at White City and gave “the settlers very fair conditions for payment.” This included seed, fertilizer, and a weekly stipend until crops were harvested and sold. Despite the relatively small number of settlers living in White City, the rich soil was expected to yield a significant crop of tomatoes, beans, and citrus. Pio, ever the idealist, believed there would be a thousand pioneers in White City before the spring of 1894.

By December 1894, however, multiple tragedies had struck the growing settlement. In spring, Pio and “a companion became lost in jungle-like growth” while trying to establish a road and did not find their way out for several days. Despite the ordeal, Pio immediately left for Minneapolis, Minnesota to meet with potential settlers. In Minnesota, Pio contracted pneumonia and returned to his family in Chicago to recover. However, Pio did not recover and died on June 24, 1894. At the age of 52, Pio left behind a wife, two sons, a daughter, and the White City colony.

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Florida State Building, 1893, Columbian Exposition Album, Rand McNally & Co.

Without Pio’s leadership, the colony fell solely under the management of the Florida Cosmopolitan Immigration Company, a land company that had been established by Pio, California rancher Emanuel Jose, and Peter G. Meyer, who served as the company’s treasurer. The company was formally deeded the White City land on March 17, 1894, and that same day the Company filed incorporation documents with the Florida Secretary of State. However, Myer, tasked with managing the colony’s finances, quickly absconded with the settlers’ money after Pio’s death and fled to South America, never to be heard from again. According to historian George Pozzetta, the colonists who, “possessing some monetary resources left the area immediately. The majority, however, were absolutely destitute and had to remain.”

The situation became even more dire on December 19, 1894, when Florida experienced a severe freeze, which destroyed citrus trees and other crops. The recorded temperatures at various stations along the line from St. Augustine to West Palm Beach on the morning of December 19th ranged from 15 degrees to 28 degrees. Suddenly, the impoverished White City colonists were in desperate need of leadership and assistance.

Following the freezes of 1894 and 1895 Flagler, via the FEC land commissioner James E. Ingraham and Florida Coast Line Canal & Transportation Company president George F. Miles, came to the rescue of the White City’s residents, providing money and fertilizer until the settlers could earn enough selling their crops to survive on their own. In 1895 the railroad gifted citrus trees to the community and in 1899 Ingraham sent seeds for Kaffir corn (to be used for livestock) and sugar cane. The Railway and Canal Company appointed Charles Tobin McCarty – the owner of a large lemon, orange, and vegetable grove in nearby Ankona – to manage the colony and advise settlers on climate, soil conditions, and farming operations.

By 1897, Ingraham reported to FEC Vice President J.R. Parrott that there were 70 families residing in White City, writing, “they have now become independent and will after next seasons [sic] crops begin to make payments on their indebtedness. Newcomers are being attracted. Several sales are under way, and the prospects for the colony are encouraging. No advances have been made to these settlers for over a year, and no expenses have been incurred, other than taxes and the care of the Company’s property at this place.”

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Court of Honor, 1893, Chicago Historical Society

By 1900, the Florida East Coast Homeseeker described the colony as having more than 500 fruit and citrus trees, 250 head of cattle, and five acres for truck farming.

The ultimate success of White City led to additional Scandinavian settlements in South Florida under the direction and development of the Model Land Company, a subsidiary of the FEC. These settlements included Modelo, a Danish community later renamed Dania Beach, and Hallandale, a Swedish community. And, the “City Beautiful” movement

spawned by the World’s Columbian Exposition greatly influenced the design of Whitehall and the design of other cities in Florida, such as Kelsey City, now known as Lake Park.

While few today know about the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition, which was designed in-part to celebrate American ingenuity and resilience, its far-reaching influence inspired a nearly forgotten settlement here in Florida named in its honor that lead to the establishment of several of Florida’s better-known cities.

Above and Below: From approximately 1890 to 1900, Florida’s Rolling Exposition – built by Jackson and Sharp Company with native Florida wood – toured the northeast and Midwest to promote settlement in Florida. Under Flagler’s direction via the Travellers’ Information Company, the special railcar, also known as “Florida on Wheels,” made appearances in Indiana, Michigan, and Arkansas. The car’s most notable stop, however, was at the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois.

In 1908, President Theodore Roosevelt travelled to Central America to inspect the construction of the Panama Canal. While there, he was given a toquilla straw hat, made in Ecuador, which he wore constantly. Images of the President in his “Panama hat” were splashed across newspapers around the globe. The media and the public couldn’t get enough. The Panama hat became the fashion of the day.

Weaving of the Panama hat can be traced back to 1630, in the provinces of Guayas and Manabi, on the coast of Ecuador. This is the only region in the world where the Carludovica Palm grows. The toquillales are harvested, stripped, boiled, dried, and then weavers from local villages come to choose only the best materials for their craft. The process of weaving a single hat can take days, weeks, or even months. The finer the weave, the longer it takes, the higher quality of hat. Hats are graded and priced based on the number of weaves in a square inch. The process is completed by washing, bleaching, molding, ironing and pressing into the final hat form.

In 2012, the weaving of the Panama hat was named to the UNESCO List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. You can support this tradition by purchasing a genuine Panama hat when visiting the H M Flagler & Co. Museum Store.

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New and Renewing Members

September 1 - December 31, 2022

Legacy Members ($15,000)

Mr. Adam Adelson & Ms. Kaitlyn Kohler

Ms. Christie Houlihan & Mr. James Houlihan

Mr. Robert Nalecz & Mrs. Ally Caldwell Nalecz

Mr. Om Pandya & Ms. L.A. Martz

Mr. & Mrs. Ronald Rotondo

Mrs. Thomas A. Saunders, IIII

Mr. & Mrs. John Richard Stamm

Ms. Macie Windhaus & Mr. Alfred Eichold

Flagler Associate Members ($5,000)

Mr. & Mrs. Christopher Cowie

Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey Fisher

Mr. & Mrs. Avram Glazer

Mr. Trey Olcott & Ms. Alison Conway

Mrs. Alice Z. Pannill

Benefactor Members ($2,500)

Mr. & Mrs. Sidney F. Dinerstein

Mrs. Alexander R. Raywood

Mrs. Sandra Reisman

Patron Members ($1,000)

Mr. & Mrs. R. Michael Barry

Mrs. Lisa Caniff & Mr. John Hynes

Mr. & Mrs. David C. Drysdale

Mr. Ray K. Farris, II & Mrs. Jacqueline Pearson

Mr. & Mrs. Keith Frankel

Ms. Danielle Ganek

Dr. Jo Gressette & Mr. D.E. Gressette

Mr. Dennis F. Hummel

Mr. & Mrs. William Indoe

Mr. & Mrs. John H. Johnson

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas M. Kirchhoff

Mr. & Mrs. Walter Kirkbride

Ms. Karen Klopp

Ms. Denise LeClair-Robbins

Sir Geoffrey Leigh

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas MacCowatt

Mrs. Michelle K. Manolis

Mr. & Mrs. Mark McFadden

Mr. & Mrs. Stephen E. Memishian

Mr. & Mrs. Sam Michaels

Mr. & Mrs. George J. Michel, Jr.

Ms. Lynn D. Moore & Mr. Ron Blaylock

Mrs. Lena Nepryntseva

Ms. Linda R. Olsson

Ms. Anka Kriser Palitz

Mr. & Mrs. Frank Rogozienski

Ms. Madeleine Kyle Rudin & Mr. Grant Johnson

Mr. David Theodore Sarama & Mr. Daniel Drennen

Mrs. Suzette de Marigny Smith

Mr. & Mrs. Perry J. Spencer

Mrs. Nancy Stone

Mr. & Mrs. Douglas Taylor

Mr. & Mrs. Dominick A. Telesco

Mr. & Mrs. William H. Told, Jr.

Mr. & Mrs. Shakir A. E. Wissa

Mr. & Mrs. Watson Wright

Sponsor Members ($500)

Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Anbinder

Mr. & Mrs. Larry Bastianelli

Mr. Tristan Bavaria

Mr. & Mrs. Edward W. Callahan

Mr. Vincent T. Cloud

Ms. Maureen Conte

Mr. & Mrs. Timothy Coppage

Ms. Suzanne E. Mott Dansby

Ms. Beth Rudin DeWoody

Mr. & Mrs. Luis Dorelle

Mr. John Dragisic

Ms. Kristina G. Durr & Mr. J. Barclay Collins

Mr. & Mrs. James R. Freney

Mr. & Mrs. Ralph I. Freudenthal

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Frisbie

Mr. & Mrs. John Galiardo

Ms. Holly Gleason & Mr. Jamie Callender

Ms. Lisa Hale & Mr. James E. Haas, III

Mr. & Mrs. Shepard Harris

Mr. & Mrs. Joel Hart

Mr. & Mrs. Dale Hedrick

Mr. & Mrs. Frank Frederick Herz

Mr. & Mrs. Carl H. Hewitt

Mr. & Mrs. Martin Jacobson

Mr. & Mrs. Douglas Jewell

Mrs. Allison Ridder Johnstone

Mrs. Hope Haskell Jones

Mr. & Mrs. Michael Kafrissen

Ms. Marti LaTour & Mr. George T. Elmore

Mrs. Jacqueline E. Michel & Mr. David E. Weisman

Mr. & Mrs. Kevin Milner

Mr. & Mrs. Alan Murphy

Mr. & Mrs. Ward C. Parker

Mr. & Mrs. Richard J. Phelps

Mr. & Mrs. James C. Pizzagalli

Mrs. Lynn T. Pohanka

Mrs. Susan H. Schwartz

Mr. & Mrs. Don Sharkey

Mrs. Lynn Stockford & Mr. Keith Lang

Mr. James Toomey

Ms. Holiday C. Tuttle

Mr. & Mrs. Howard Weinreich

Family Members ($300)

Mrs. Leeda Atkinson Allen

Mr. & Mrs. Warren Aplin

Mr. James M. Ballentine, Jr.

Mr. & Mrs. Harris Baseman

Mr. & Mrs. Joel Bedor

Mr. & Mrs. George Berg

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas F. Bergen

Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey Bolton

Mr. & Mrs. Bryan Bowers

Mr. & Mrs. Kathleen Ann Brandte

Mrs. Barbara Brylawski & Mr. Amin Grullon

Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey Burck

Mr. & Mrs. Jeoff Charest

Mrs. Etonella Christlieb

Dr. & Mrs. Edgar Covarrubias

Ms. Gertrude Coxe & Mr. Jim Gaffney

Mrs. Vanessa Gabrovsky Cuellar & Mr. Jason Cuellar, MD

Mr. & Mrs. Rodger Currie

Mr. & Mrs. Joseph D’Angelo

Mr. & Mrs. Richard Davis

Mrs. Susan DePaula

Ms. Bebe Duke & Mr. Rich Mascolo

Mrs. Geraldine M. Emmett & Mr. Michael Magnani

Mr. & Mrs. Paul D. Flach

Ms. Crystal Friend & Ms. Alexis Ostrov

Mr. & Mrs. Mark Gallo

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Grudovich

Mr. Doug Hartwell & Mrs. Cynthia Sheehan-Hartwell

Mr. & Mrs. Desmond Heathwood

Dr. Joann Hendelman-Pearl & Dr. Bill Pearl

Mr. & Mrs. Patrick Henry

Mr. & Mrs. Richard Horowitz

Mr. & Mrs. A.T. Highland

Mr. & Mrs. Harry E. Hill, III

Ms. Jeanne B. Hogue & Mr. Frank S. Bell, Jr.

Mr. Dale Jenkins & Mrs. Sandra Panem

Mr. & Mrs. Russell P. Kelley

Mr. & Mrs. Peter W. Klein

Mr. & Mrs. Dana Koch

Mrs. Manola Kozar & Mr. Manuel Valladares

Mr. & Mrs. Brian Krause

Mr. & Mrs. Fred Latsko

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Z. Lehrer

19

Mr. George Evangelos Leventis

Mr. & Mrs. Mark S. Levy

Mr. Steve B. Lowden

Ms. Anita E. Manuel & Ms. Wanita DeToma

Mr. William Mattle & Ms. Shirlee Carlberg

Mr. & Mrs. Liam McCarthy

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas M. Millhiser

Mr. & Mrs. Marco A. Morin

Ms. Kathleen C. Nelson & Mr. Frederick Barry Nelson

Ms. Kathie Orrico

Mr. & Mrs. Margarita Pellito

Ms. Theresa Phelan & Mr. John Ford

Mr. & Mrs. Earl W. Powell

Mr. & Mrs. Michael J. Pucillo

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas L. Pulling

Mr. & Mrs. Keith Ragon

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Redmond

Ms. Mary Reed

Mr. & Mrs. Chris Rezendes

Mr. & Mrs. Douglas E. Rogers

Ms. Danielle Rollins & Mr. Tom D’Agostino, Jr.

Ms. Lynne F. Romeo & Mr. Brian White

Mr. Heinrich Rose

Mr. & Mrs. Peter Sachs

Mr. & Mrs. David H. Scaff

Mr. & Mrs. William H. Send, Jr.

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Shannon

Mr. & Mrs. Paul Shaviv

Mr. & Mrs. David Skok

Mr. & Mrs. Michael B. Small

Mr. & Mrs. Edward J. Smith

Mr. & Mrs. Michael Speiser

Mr. Armando Tabernilla & Ms. Iris Valle

Mr. Greg Thorpe & Mrs. Ilene Goldstein

Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Tiger

Mr. Neil A. Useden

Ms. Lisa Marie Utasi

Mr. & Mrs. Luke Visconti

Mrs. Marie B. Weigl & Mr. Jinky Calma

Dr. Emily White & Dr. Richard B. White

Mr. & Mrs. Sam Whittaker

Individual Members ($150)

Ms. Taciana Aguiar

Ms. Karen Alexander

Mrs. Melody B. Alstodt

Mr. Tim J. Anderson

Mr. Anthony W. Atkiss

Mrs. Laurel T. Baker

Ms. Karen Haas Baker

Ms. Brenda Blind

Ms. Patricia Bradford

Ms. Kathryn A. Caulfield

Ms. Daryl Cheifetz

Mrs. Jean Clair

Mr. William Cochran

Ms. Phyllis L. Comeau

Mr. John Cook

Ms. Ann B. Copeland

Ms. Karen Crea

Mr. Anthony W. Cuseo

Mrs. Roberta B. Daisley

Mrs. Barbara Daniels

Ms. Susan Deckert

Ms. Olympia Devine

Ms. Debra Dietrich

Ms. Elaine Epstein

Ms. Patricia Evans

Ms. Elena Fasulo

Ms. Patricia S. Friedberg

Mrs. Lauren Fitzgerald

Mr. Rodger S. Fowler

Mrs. Constance Galley

Mrs. Doris Gilman

Mrs. Carol Goldenhersh

Mrs. Jacqueline L. Goldman

Mrs. Nancy Graham

Mr. & Mrs. Ronald S. Gross

Mr. Kenneth L. Groves

Mrs. Suzy C. Hammond

Mrs. Vivian Harnett

Mr. Robert W. Harper, III

Ms. Heather T. Henry

Mrs. Judith M. Hodge

Mr. John Iannitto

Mr. Stephen Jacobs

Mrs. Michele Jehle

Ms. Cynthia Kasper

Ms. Patricia Kennedy

Mr. George Kirkos

Mr. Thomas J. Lanahan

Mr. Rene LaPierre

Mr. Jeffrey Larsen

Ms. Stephanie Lefes

Mrs. Helen M. Luecke

Mrs. Mary C. Macfarland

Mrs. Sandra McAndrew

Mr. Michael McCabe

Mrs. Laurene McEneny

Mr. Michael McKeich

Mrs. Terrie McKelvey

Mr. Robert F. Mancuso

Mr. Alfred Y. Morgan

Ms. Georgia S. Mouzakis

Mrs. Nancy M. Murray

Mrs. Nina Nemerofsky

Ms. Elizabeth Nichols-Ross

The Rev. Dr. Barbara H. Nielsen

Mrs. Kelly J. O’Connell

Mrs. Joanne D. Payson

Ms. Mary Denise H. Pendergrass

Mr. & Mrs. Gordon Lee Pollock

Mrs. Carol Ponder

Mr. David V. Reese

Ms. Patricia Reilly Rosen

Mr. Stephen Schmidt

Mr. Shouky Shaheen

Mrs. Jean S. Sharf

Mrs. Mary K. Shaughnessy

Mrs. Patricia A. Shebell

Mr. Morton H. Simkins

Ms. Suzanne T. Smart

Mrs. Linda Jane Smith

Mr. Victor Somogyi

Ms. Sally Speidel

Mrs. Ellen B. Stamler

Ms. Sandra Sullivan

Ms. Louise K. Terry

Mr. David Thayer

Mr. G. Richard Thoman

Ms. Sandra L. Thompson

Ms. Lynn M. Tone

Mrs. Silvia Tsoflias

Mrs. Lois Umbach

Mr. Ronald Vaughan

Mrs. Amy Viellieu

Mr. Philip W. Warner

Ms. Caroline Willi

Ms. Linda Windel

Mr. Michael Wise

Mr. Alex Wong

Educator Members ($75)

Dr. Janis Barrett

Mrs. Lois Lucek

Mr. Jeffrey Luft

Mr. Robert Muller

Whitehall Society

Mr. John Cohen & Ms. Ellen Oshins

20

Contributors, Sponsors & Grantors

September 1 - December 31, 2022

$35,000 and above

Palm Beach County Board of Commissioners, Palm Beach County Tourist Development Council, & The Cultural Council for Palm Beach County Florida Department of State Division of Arts and Culture

$30,000 and above

Relgalf Charitable Foundation

$20,000 and above

The Fortin Foundation of Florida, Inc.

Mr. & Mrs. Frederick E. Hopkins, III

The David & Sondra Mack Foundation, Inc. in Honor of Michael Belisle

Seth Sprague Educational and Charitable Foundation

W.M. Matthews Family Fund

$15,000 and above

Mr. & Mrs. Barry G. Hoyt

The Marmot Foundation & Willis H. du Pont

Randleigh Foundation Trust

The Roe Green Trust

Vecellio Family Charitable Fund

$10,000 and above

Mr. & Mrs. John M. Blades

Colonel & Mrs. G.F. Robert Hanke

Mrs. Sterling H. Kenan

Mr. Thomas S. Kenan, III

Ms. Denise LeClair-Robbins

$5,000 and above

The David Minkin Foundation

Mr. & Mrs. Randall C. Doane

First Republic Bank

Mr. & Mrs. Patrick Henry

The Kenan Family Foundation

Ms. Elizabeth Matthews & Mr. Chip James

MBS Family Foundation

Milton and Tamar Maltz Family Foundation

Mr. & Mrs. Richard Morgenstern

John F. Scarpa in Honor of Michael Belisle & Linda Gary

Templeton Accountants & Advisors

$3,500 and above

The Richard S. Johnson Family Foundation, Inc.

$1,000 and above

Bardes Fund

Mr. & Mrs. John K. Castle

Cedric Dupont Antiques, Palm Beach-In Kind

Mr. & Mrs. Christopher Cowie

Crows Nest Fund

The Donald M. Ephraim Family Foundation

Dudley L. Moore, Jr. Family Foundation, Inc.

Florida Weekly (In Kind)

Mr. & Mrs. Mike Gilroy

Griffin Family Foundation

Mr. Lamont B.P. Harris

Mr. & Mrs. Carl H. Hewitt

Ms. Elizabeth L. Johnson

Mrs. Betty P. Kenan

Mr. & Mrs. Douglas M. Kinney

Moran Family Foundation

Nancy and Joel Hart Charitable Foundation

Peter R. & Cynthia K. Kellogg Foundation

Mr. & Mrs. W. Stephen Murray

Mrs. Amanda Irene Polk

Mr. & Mrs. Briscoe White

$500 and above

Ms. Ann Appleman

Mr. & Mrs. John William Broch

Mr. & Mrs. Robert T. Eigelberger

Mr. & Mrs. Robert Frisbie

Mr. & Mrs. Murray Gross

Mr. & Mrs. Kevin P. Hoch

Dr. Eleanor Laudicina & Dr. Robert Laudicina

Mr. Kuni Nakamura

Mr. David Silverman

$100 and above

Mr. & Mrs. Joel Bedor

Mr. & Mrs. William L. Brickley

Mrs. Sandra Kay Crawford

Mrs. Joan K. Eigen & Dr. Philip P. Gassman

Mr. & Mrs. H. Spencer Everett, Jr.

Ms. Judy L. Flynn

Mrs. Linda Lee Grabkowski

Mr. & Mrs. W. Gibson Harris, II

Mrs. Mary C. Macfarland

Mr. Thomas O. McCarthy

Mrs. Harriet Miller

Stephen Mooney Interiors

Mr. & Mrs. John H. Morris, Jr.

Mr. Donald E. Runge & Ms. Diane Dorio

Mrs. Clinton R. Wyckoff, III

Up to $100

Mr. & Mrs. Anthony W. Atkiss

Ms. Eliana Huffman

Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Lowe

Mr. & Mrs. William H. Told, Jr.

Ms. Susan F. Zimmerman

Corporate Memberships

September 1-December 31, 2022

Corporate Chairman - $15,000

GM Financial & Creative Group

The Palm Event

Corporate CEO - $10,000

Labatt Food Service

The Modern Group

Corporate Executive - $5,000

Business Development Board of PBC

21

Schedule of Upcoming Events

Winter Exhibition - The American West During the Gilded Age

On view January 31, 2023, The American West During the Gilded Age introduces and considers the aspects of the American West during the Gilded Age that were important to both the development of the nation and the shaping of the American Character.

West Palm Beach: Flagler’s Vision is Finally Becoming a Reality, January 28, 10:30 am

Join in a discussion between Flagler Museum Executive Director, John M. Blades, and Harvey Oyer, attorney and historian, about the founding of West Palm Beach, the history of the city, and the recent growth of the downtown. The discussion will take place at The Square, 700 S. Rosemary Ave, on the lawn, in West Palm Beach.

Flagler Museum Music Series

Experience chamber music, as it was intended, in the gracious and intimate setting of the Museum’s West Room. Concerts begin at 7:30 pm. Audience members are treated to a rare opportunity to meet performers during a champagne and dessert reception following each concert.

• February 7 - Viano String Quartet

• February 14 - Simone Porter

• February 21 - Summit Piano Trio

• February 28 - Cuarteto Latinoamericano

• March 7 - Neave Trio

Whitehall Lecture Series - Architects of the Gilded Age

A Series of seven lectures presented at 3:00 pm each Sunday from February 5 to March 19.

• February 5 - École des Beaux-Arts in America

• February 12 - Horace Trumbauer

• February 19 - Stanford White

• February 26 - Julia Morgan

• March 5 - Charles Follen McKim

• March 12 - Daniel Burnham

• March 19 - Carrère & Hastings

Valentine’s Day - Tuesday, February 14, Seatings at 12 and 2:00 pm

Enjoy a special tea in Whitehall’s Flagler Kenan pavilion while listening to the romantic sounds of a classical harp.

Whitehall Society’s Mixing It Up - Thursday, March 2, 6:30 pm

The Mixing It Up cocktail party is a celebration held in honor of the young professionals of the Whitehall Society. Tickets are available for all Museum Members and non-members alike.

Whitehall’s Easter Egg Hunt - Saturday, April 8, 9:00 am

Families and children of all ages are invited to our traditional Easter Egg Hunt on Museum grounds the Saturday before Easter.

Bluegrass in the Pavilion - Saturday, April 15, 3:00 pm

Enjoy live performances in the Flagler Kenan Pavilion by the award-winning Larry Stephenson Band and Joe Mullins & The Radio Ramblers.

For more information, please call (561) 655-2833 or visit www.FlaglerMuseum.us

Nonprofit Organization U.S. Postage PAID West Palm Beach, FL Permit No. 1831 A National Historic Landmark One Whitehall Way Palm Beach, Florida 33480 FL AGLER MUSEUM h e n r y m o rri s o n palm beach, florida

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