369
INDEX
Crete, 304 Cromwell, Jimmy, 23 Crowell, Benedict, 265--66 Cruz, Pelagio, 83 Cuba, 3, 16, 98 Curley, James B., 54 currency: in Philippines, 189 Curtin, John, 194-95,278,298 Czechoslovakia, 83 Dale, Jack D., 182 Damortis, 206, 207 Davao, 101, 177, 179 Davis, Dwight F., 33 Davis, Thomas J., 32, 71 Dawson, Harry, 156 De Ruyter (Dutch cruiser), 283 Defense Department, U.S.: budget of, 87 defense of Philippines: and ABDA command, 195; air power/patrols, 105--6, 153; American commitment to, 51, 55, 62--63; American public'S views about, 90; as American responsibility, 87, 96, 142, 191; and Arcadia Conferences, 193-94; budget for, 50-51, 52, 53, 59-61, 87, 95-96, 97-98,106,110,118,142-43;and citizens' army concept, 43; contingency plans for, 125; criticisms of, 59-60, 62--63, 89-90, 92, 122, 124, 150-51, 160--61,305-7; as deterrence to Japanese advance, 124; DeWitt's views about, 89-90; early defense plans for, 44, 49, 50; and economic concerns of U.S., 27; effects of European events on, 86--87; Eisenhower-Ord plan for, 52, 53-54, 60, 61; Embick's concerns and proposal about, 50, 51; equipment and supplies for, 107, Ill, 112, 13&-40, 147-48; and Europe First strategy, 111, 255, 278, 297; first Philippine committee meeting about, 52; and formation of Philippine Division, 26; and geography, 67; Gerow's plans for, 125; and Great
Britain, 95, 116--17; Grunert's plans for, 99-100, 105, 106--8; and importance of reinforcing Philippines, 186, 187; and independence for Philippines, 92; and interservice relations, 28, 125, 129, 131-32; and Japan as enemy of U.S., 27; Lassiter's report about, 31; MacArthur Sr. calls for stronger, 8; MacArthur's first report about, 61; and MacArthur's miscalculations about Japan, 124-26, 142; MacArthur's plans for, 50, 54, 57, 65-66; MacArthur's press statement about, 87-88; MacArthur's views about, 147, 173-74; and Military Districts, 53; need for coherent U.S. policy for, 106; and Pearl Harbor, 307; as political judgement, 97; power and authority for, 129; and proposed surrender of Philippines, 260--65; Quezon asks MacArthur to assume responsibility for, 44-47; Quezon's views about, 86--87, 95-98; and reactions to Pearl Harbor, 173-74; reinforcements for, 186--87, 189-90, 193-94, 255, 260--65, 280; revision of plans for, 130; Roosevelt's (Theodore) views about, 27; Sharp in command of, 299-300; and U.S. Far East policy, 124; U.S. Navy's role in, 306; and U.S.-Japanese bilateral agreement, 69; and Wainwright's surrender of Corregidor, 299-300; waning of enthusiasm for, 63; and Washington Naval Conference, 12; and Washington's let down of MacArthur, 230-31; Wood's views about, 27. See also Bataan; Corregidor; Luzon; National Defense Act (Philippine); Plan Orange; United States Army Forces in the Far East;
specific plan Defensive Information Patrol (American), 155 Del Carmen Field, 164, 168 Castano, Jose, 102