Nippon Philippines Kigen 2603, No 8 by Filipiniana Online

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Head Office

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Toro BEARING SEIZO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOYO

BEARING

MANUFACTURING

CO .•

Vol. 2, No.8

Nippon-Phil£fines

A Gift from the Heart

Kigen 2603

the

CONTENTS

Globe!

IMPERIAl> NAVY UNLIMITED . .. NIPPON'S WARTIME DIET SPOT. LIGHTED Premi er TfljCI Spcuh Nippon's Economi(' Pt)si tioll So und ·

[ anpo Knih olll Kinkn· . .

i\'IAP mell e are the "snow trees," which appea r elsewhere in this iss ue under th e title "Trees in Winter Attire." We heJic\lc our fri ends in the tropics will be interc8 ted in the snow so prepared a special number. orry we can', send ) ' OU specimen of th e s now, but these photos will g ive YOII nn id en of wl1l.1I it look

SOllthern Region:. F.:coIIIllU,· . . . • . . . .

SNOW It flowed i ll Tok),,-, . Tree in \"(' int eT Attin' Snow-Bound

10 15 28

SK,JJNG Skiers from the Trorh;s· . . Virgin Snow -~ ki e r'~ Of>light

like.

SCIENCE Story of I he

Sn ow.~·

Suitable

MUSIC

for

Kiso Bus i Popular Songs in

Drawing, Writing , Studying

MOUNTAINEER Th e Defia n l Snow

and

Business.

The GhOSl's

CARTOONS Nippon

Miss f' c('o nd tro nt" fo rgo tle n Itcr dale? 18 Said 10 Chian g Kai.~ Ill'k misses its Target 18 Tbree or 0 Kind . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Ha

Pho tos by: yas in Kf.ge is ha,

And also L y: Ynmahalu yasin Kugaku Kenk yii. syo, Dome i Tu sin ya, Syasin Kyo. kai , Koku sn i S yas ill Kyokai. ya. Sirl Bunko, SYClliku Kuhus iki Kai. sya. Army & uvy Ministries,

fl owers a t tlte' front . . . . . . . . . • .

F,O ITORIAL STAFF: Kurosigc T etuiti, ibow. B yul': i, atf! Katumi , ASll ka Tos ie. Wn. ida Sin iti.

AliT m ; PARTMENT: Jn oAnki SikO, Kawai Jin s iro.

Lead

LECTU RE We .. pea k Nippon g(l

Railwa ys MinisLr y, Obi Toteh iko, Morooka Kc,l': i, Minomi YfHlos ukc, Tomioko Hirosi, O luke y'-'I': i, and Funokos i Yos ihum i.

Electro-Os mosis

i\'JOVIES

.•• .. .•.. .

Photographs nrc ce nsored by \Var Mini stry ond Navy Minis lr)',

o. 783.

lippon . Philippin es is publi shed hy Nippon.Philiplpin es ya , Osaka . Bldg., Uli su iwa i. I)'O. KOl': ima ti.ku , Tok yo . Publisher : Kuho . em: i. Hales for tui vcrli semenl s will he Ai vc" on nPl' lim li o ll . I

D@NAlEij BY 4VALA eQItP6"4T'ON fa FILI~JN4fj '9YNDATION, INC,

PENCILS ..L

A,.,

~ .EI=Nippon Pencil Mfg. Co., Ltd.

+..a.tf

;1' tD

3· tyome, iisima · mati, Zyiito·ku, Tijkyo, NIPPON

FOR THE PROMO TION OF HEALT H OF pmUP P I ES ilami n B

Deficiency

causes

beriberi,

~nfan.i1l e-路

.1>\

beriberi , pellagra, anemja, lowers th e resisting powe. _t~ tuberculo sis, pneumo nia, bronchi tis , malaria, dyse nt~ry,

and thus u ndermine s health a nd vitality of Phi!~).p in e habitants.

WAKA MOTO . which pre e nts the r ichest

SO Ul--

cc of potent Vitamin B Complex, so essential to life and health , i a re medy kept by every family in Nippon. It is also an essen tial

Re member W AKAMOT O,

tonic of military usc.

whO l e output rank. hi ghest

Drive off th e curse of all diseases through W A K AMOTO just as Nippon

in the world, i. the leadin g nutritiona l preparatio n of the Greater Eaat A.ia .

ex te rmina ted the baneful Anglo-Ameri. can influ ences fro m the Orien t.

Manufa cturing Branche s:

Chemis ts

WAKA MOTO

LTD .

I I

Siba

Park, Tokyo

Shangha i, Hankow. Osaka, Hukuoka , Taihoku, Sapporo , Keijo, Mukden, Peking,

Vol. 2, No.8

Nippon-Philippines

K igCD 2603

, '" 1

News that Rad拢utes Throughout A sin

IS SINKING ENEMY WARSHIPS THEY TRY COUNTER路OFFENSIVES HAS BEEN OUR VICTORIES IN THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC.

NIPPO -PI-IlLlPPI NES

NIPPON'S WARTIME DIET S which <,ollid be used in the pro ecution of the war to final victory. The one biUion inhabitants in Grea ter East ia are already cooperating with us in developing these resource , he declared. He emphasized that collaboration with ippon's " ILies has been finnly establ ished, therefore vigorous offensives hould be undertaken this year to crush the Anglo-American power.

SO U fl'CS

In ontra tto the solid coopcration among the Axi power and their allies, Ule Premier poin ted out thal the "United States and Britain are wrangling between themselve a to how they should protect their respective interests." Referring to Ule southern regions, Premier Tojo said that and order have been restored in Malai, Sumatra, Djawa (Java), Borneo, Celebes, etc., and their inhabitants are going abont their occupation as usual, and their livcWlOod is being fully pro tected under the benevolent guidance of the Imperial forces. l'ea~e

With reference to Burma, the PreUlier stated that the Burmese are cooperating with the Nipponese military in the construction of Burma for the Bllrme e, and that he hoped the • :" long cherished aspiration of the Burmese people for inde·.I~:peod!lllS~ ,':: will sooo be realized. : :....... " ':' £. t,. ~ _<j<"",.: !lliaking

about Ule Philippine, the Premier reiterated oQ • . " .iWllll'lse, Jllade last year (see our Magazine 1 0_ 1) that ipp~n'wollid be glad to accord them the hooor of iodepen_• :~Zl;dce " if thc Filipinos noderstand the real intentions of ippon - ~ a:nd cooperate as partners in the establiahmen t of thc Greater .._·;:.- £ast Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. ~:.I-'<:

'>Jl '.~ {,!

" IL is indp.cd encouraging to note that in the Philippines thcre is being shown a great deal of sincere cooperation under the new leader, Chief of Civil Administrator arga, and that peace and order are steadily being improved, " Premier Tojo declared. "1 sin cerely expect that the Filipinos will further strengthen their cooperation with our country and tl1l1 consum mate at the earliest possible opportunity the independence of their land _"

PREMIER 10JO SPEAKS se ion of the Diet convened on December When24thththee 818t world wa interesteu to know what developments were likely to take p lace in ippon. Of course, the mo t important a pect hinges upon the go e1'Ol11cnt's po licy to be plJl'slIcd during iLS ad minisLralion .

Premicr Il ideki Tojo made a stirring peech on l anuru'y 28th at the 8 ] 5t se ion of th e Diet and outlined th e govern ment's po li cics. l ie stressed th e po int that ippon's succe ive vi ·tories ha ve enabled her to secure stralegic po ilio ns. As a rc ull of lh csc vicLori

ippon has 3{'quircd enormous re-

Thus it will be seen that the realization of independence is largely up to the F ilipinos themselves_ Nippon means to fulfill her promise whenever made. The Filipinos have been clamoring for independence ever since the annexation of the island by the U.S. While the U.S . had promised independence to the F ilipinos she never ke pt her obligation -in fa ct there were alway stri"gs auached to the American prom i e fol' inde pendence_ T he term " cooperation -, as used by Premier Tojo means something more than political cooperation. Cooperation may takc On divers forms, one of which is co llaboration in the establishmcnt of economic elf- ufliciency within the Greater East Asia Co-pro perity Sphere _ 0 that races in East Asia an develop and enjoy the natural resources which had heretofore be n elfp loited and monopolized by the Ameri can_ Briti h. and Out ·h interests.

LPPOI ·PHILIPPI 115

POTLIGHTED

Outstanding Yemanoue"; products include the follow in g:

ALBASIL Dimethyl s ulfa nilyl.sulfanilamide. Supplied in t ablets, powder and ampules.

NIPPON'S ECON OMIC POSITION SOUND .. N ippon's economic strength has been greatly augmented by the War of Greater East Asia instead of being depleted, " declared Finance Minister Okinori Kaya before the general budgetary session of the Lower House. He refuted the charge commonly made that Nippon's eco nom ic power is waning, and stated that it has rather been strengthened since the China I ncident. Prior to the China Incident only the resources in ippon and Man choukuo were available, but today the immense raw materials from elsewhere are also at ippoLl's disposal. He referred to the high graue iron, coal and saIL wlJich are obtainable from China, as weU as otller resources from countries coUaborating with ippon , or tho e countries under Nippon's occupancy. The Finance Ministers added that not on ly have the re· sources in the outhern regions faUen into Nippon's hands, but the countries and peoples in those areas are al 0 cooperating

Heo~ Sulfanilacetamide. Supplied in powder and ampules.

BLUKLAN A water·soluble bismuth antisy· philitic, for hypodermic injection.

Autohormon of blood· vessels, for artetial sedation in l-high blood pressure. Supplied in ampules.

8 with ippon in perfecting the Grenter East Asia Co-prosperity economy_ In this connection he referred to the "Nanpo Kaihatu Kinko " or the Southern Regions Development Bank which is beginning to fun ction in building up the southern economic structure.

The manpower to develop the e newly acquired resources i also made available to ippon because " the peoples in the various localities are cooperating with Nippon in the economic warfare," the Finance Minister stressed_ -- In view of all lhese factors, I do not have the slightest apprehension about our future economic position, " the Finan ce Minister assured the members of the House_

NANPO KAIHATU KINKO Southern

Regions Development Bank )

regions include the Philippines, Malai , Borneo, Theandouthem Dutch East J ndie , which are rich in mineral and agricultural resources_ Som e of the important re ources are tin, petroleum, copper , bauxite , iron, manganese, ohrome, tungsten, coal, rubber, Manila hemp , copra, quinine bark, sugar, etc_ which had heretofore been developed and monopolized by the Briti h, Ameri can, and Dutch interest , to the exclusion of the native inhabitants who were oppressed and exploited to the limit. in ce the southern regions have been OCCUpl d by Nippon, it became necessary to develop these resources nd build up the outhern economy on the basis of self-sufficiency for the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere . After an intensive study of the problem, an intermediary organ was established to carry out the government's policy respecting Ihe southern economy. Tlus resulted in the establislunent, in March 1942, of the _. aupo Kaihatu Kinko " or the Sou thern Regions Development Bank. This Kinko supplies fuud s or makes loans for the purchases or development of resources, or for reconstruction of equipment wluch had been deliberately destroyed by the foe at the time of its retreat. For the present Nipponese military crip will be used in place of local currencies. The operation of the Nanpo Kail,atu Kinko will be made suffi ciently elasti c to permit it to function extensively. Actually it will cooperate closely with the local branches of the Yokohama Specie Bank, the Bank of Taiwan and other Nipponese banks. It can be assumed that the Kinko's loans will extend for a longer term than those of the ordinary banks, whose loans arc largely confi ned to commercial transactions and are for shorter duration. For lhe time being the Kinko will confine itself to making of loans, but in keeping with the development of the economic situation in the southern regions, it may engage in converting military s rip into lo cal currencies, accept local deposits, making investments or undertaking exchanges between Nippon and the southern regions. In due course, the Kinko ';'ay issue deben tures in local cllITencies so as to regulate the absorption of funds.

SOUTHERN REGIONS In contrast to ti,e selfish and OPPressive exploitation oi the natural resources heretofore carried on by the American, British and Dutch interests, Nippon will build and idea l economy for tants

路r ~In some localities

there may be a surplus of certain re ources, such as rubber,

petroleum, or ugar wluch are needed elsewhere within the Southern Region . By means of mutual interchange of raw materials and finished products the surplus and dearth can be satisfactorily adjusted . For instance, co tton may be

ECONOMY produced in abundance in ome locality, 'buL can noL be utilized wbere it is grown. In SUell a case the cotton can be senL to Nippon to be woven into cloth or manufactured into finished products, which can then be reshipped to Lhe COlUltrie in need of them.

CHI N A

MINERAL ORES

RUBBER

,~ MINERAL PRODUCTS

'1•

PETROLEUM

... ••

T C

COAL

COPRA

RICE

SUGAR

LUMBER

TEA

QUININE

_ _ HEMP

•

COFFEE

IT SNOWED IN TOKYO In Tokyo it nows ometimes between December and Feb路 ruary. The fluffy Hakes Hutter down through tl,e grey winter sky, and OOn clothe Tokyo's modern bujlding as well as the down路 town districts, winch still remind one of the grand old Yedo day, into fleecy silvery snowscapes. ince it seld om soow in Tokyo, tl,e clliJ Iren take great delight in making tfyuki daruma" or snow man.

Our frieods in the tropics will doubtless be intere ted in what soow looks like 0 we are presenting ome unusual picture of the sno, 路clad Tokyo.

Tokyo, Nippon, March 1, 1943.

Dear f'riends, Just a f'ew lines to let you know that I arrived in Kobe saf'ely . From Kobe I took the night train f'or Tokyo. Next morning as we passed by Numazu we saw the snow-capped Mt. Huzi in what I considered to be in her glory. The sun wa s shining on the slope, and the brilliance of' the s now-co\ }red mountain is beyond description.Of' course, I saw Mt ~ Huzi in pict ures, but I think af'ter al) it is the snow -t;-hat gives such g r andeur and stately ef'f'ect. All the while on that t r ain , I wanted to s ee how the snow f'all,S and f'eel it with my own hands. My wish was granted. I t happened about a month af'ter I had arrived in Tokyo. On e morning in F ebruary (which is supposed to be ,t he co~dest month in t he year) a5 I was lying in my wa:rm bed, I ' n otic ed my ro om was unusually bright. And like, a rias'h', ;'.it dawned on me that it must be snowing. I "Pu'l led up the blind , a nd sure e n ough my belief' was correct. MilliOns ' of' b ig and little f'lakes came tumbling down f'rom the sky â&#x20AC;˘. : .Its too bad that I can't send any specimen of' these f'lak-es to you. And would you believe it if' I told you that ,the f'lak es give a warm sOf't f'luf'f'y ef'f'ect like the cotto'h? The snow scene in the city is beautif'ul, but af'ter seeing that of' the country, you'll f'eel something is stirring in you that beckons you to the vast white-coated outdoors. All angles are rounded into sOf't curves. Boughs droop down in gracef'ul slant by the weight of' the snow. Every color is vividly blend.ed into rainbow hues by the silvery f'lakes when the sun strikes over the snow. Tomorrow some of' the f'ellows in the apartment, where I'm staying, are going out skiing and they've asked me whether I'd care to go. They told me that there were other students f'rom the sunny south who were also gOing wi th the party. Theref'ore, I accepted their kind invitation and will try my hand at skiing. If' I survive the ordeal, I phall write you about my f'irst experience in skiing. Yours sincerely,

TROPICS

These frie nd from Lhe tropics looked qu ite impressi n~ in Lheir skiing outfits llnLil they [a.-ted to tumble a nel fall! Mo L of them ha\ seen the snow for the fi rst Lime, a nd also LIJ s wa. their m aide n attempt a t skiing. It was lots of flln watching them go th ro ugh the forms of expel'ie n("ed skie rs. J.'I':;t ~Iv n-( ? = ) t~~7 ') ).'1't ',T ;(-3 0 :11: ik ~ :"'J ) ~J:J/-t ')'5-(jI ') J. 'I' } t 7 :J j7 ,, 7). _ II'j ./.'7'

:;t

Sale Manufacturing " Dlstributfiil OrpnizatioD In Nippon

6, 2路tyinne, Goki路diri Fuldal-liu. Kobe, Nippon Cable Address : J INTMATCH Codes : BENTLEY'S 1st edltiGn

A, B, C. Code

ature frequently plays unusual pranks, In tho mountain, ous regions among the deep fOl'ests "snow trees" aJ'e formed by the ongelation of the wind, snow and ice, These myste rious, supernatural and weird phenomena give an idea of fairyWi,en land, yet skiers refer to them as "snow monster," the snow thaws and spring trot in , these trees will doff their winter gannents and resume the normal verdant attire,

STORY eo nlaet with a fairly low temperature, the vapor cools, aod whell it freezes the now forms. However , I Ius proce

ix.urmed star, abso lul el y regula r and need le · pointed fl ake gives an impression or a fine, yet fragile lace whi II ma y be used 8S a model.

now? Ye, what ~ ' t? We shall try to the explain brieRy to our frien ds in the tropics how tho snow forms. Rain. now, leet, hailstone and haiL which fall from the sky are fo rmed tltrough a ommon element, namely vapor. When the water vapor from the earth rise into the upper atmosphere it freezes and con~eals 'and ag.;rin drops to tlte earth. All ·the, obj~cts" wluch fall om the 'a~tOS ' l,ere .G~n·J?e·· regarded as kindred. Then ; 'w is i[ tlt4t they aU in .lilfer6pf:f~rlJ1s w t~~ 111e:~riginal .; eqlCnt is va~or? 'Th.· depends J~gely u. on the density of the ·vapor, ten1pera. llue, and aU. current, 'which re ulls iu the for.n{.rtiorr of either rai~: snow, sleet 01 hajJ. We haU however confine our· selves (0 the dis~ussion of the snow. The temperature becomes lower as the latitude between the earth's surface and lhe upper slrala of the almosphere increases. Wlten lhe warm vapor from the earlh rises skywa rd and co mes ioto

alone is llladc.

quate to form the snow. The size of the snowflakes is abou t that of a pea, bot even to a!lain >ueh size a core is required. Just as there me cores in various kinds of frui ts, cores are likewise lodged in the snow . Bu t these core are so tiny that yoo can not see them with the oaked eyes. There are countIe. invisible dust particles floating in the air. When peaking about dust, we usually assume it to be visihle, but actuaUy it is all atom wluch ca Ol only be detected wilh the aid of a powerful microscope. The snow will atlach itself to such dust particles and to another el"ment called "ion " which is produ ced by electrical decomposi lion. After th~ snow fasten s itself to these mailers, \ hielt form the core, it gradually :nercascs in ize and faUs to the earth. Through the naked eyes the snowflake appear white and of uniform hape, but if examined under a IIUcrO ope they are hexagonal shape crystals of flower pattern. The difference in the quality of the now is determined by the types of crystals. Under the advanced modern cien ce the observation of the atmospheric denity, direction of the wind, and the condition of lhe air current can be made by minute studie of the snow crystals. Moreover tltrough these studie , scien-

There a re many kinds and s h ap~ of snow crysts ls. The hexagona l or six· cornered crystal i:i quite a co mmon hape. The shnpe Or form of th e crystal is determined by the kind and size of the dus t parti cle. which always lead to th e s),ste lmllic formati on of the same so rt of

In com in g through the air to ca rt h, the c rysta l Iraverse throug h va rious zones of varying deg rees of wale r satura ti on , and co nstanlly c hange the ir shapes. This con tinual change of shape ceases 1I1)on the crystu ls reac hin g: the ea rt h. Thi s exp lains the existence of the ma nifold

NIPPON. TOKYO

ntu re on ly can des ig n s il ver tra y of s uch deco r!Hi \'c patle rns which arc the unattainabl e dream of silversmi th.

Only 10 be seen and not touched. the loce o f s now c rys tal is more bea uti ful thOD any delica te c rochet work by man.

OF THE SNOW tists have succeeded in prod ucing artificial snow crys tals_ A a result of these scientific studies the truetme of the snow has been made known to a precise degree, which in turn enables tile taking of precautionary measurcs against disasters caused by the snow_ For Lnstanc0, n heavy snowfall a -companied with strong Willds cause deep drifts along higlnvays and railways, thus obstructing and interrupting lraffi _ The snow can break trees, telegraph poles, houses, etc_ by its weight when it piles 011 IhpS8 objects_ In mountain regions the grcat accumulatiuLl of tlte now on tlll;mmmtain sides would break off and descend as destructive avalanches into the valleys resulting in great damag~._ and oft" n :me. burying and destl'oying villages. The stu dy of the snow cryslals is necessary be"ause a knowledge of the qnality oE rhe snnw enables the public LO take piOj,er cO'Uf'ter-lneasures agains t the snow disasters_ Wit h the forecast of the ciaJy tClnpelalllre, air cltrrell l, wind velocity mId change of weather made available, it is now possible to d1eck or avoid disasters before their o,ccurrence_ By means of snch meteorological forecast it has been po. ible to save live. and property against calamities caused by blizzards or avalanche _ In ippon, which stretches from the frigid to the temperate 20nes, the snowfaU varies accordingly_ Snowfall in the temperate districts w'iU nat"rally be

smaU, consequently the damages or sufferings to hum an livelihood are likely _to be negligible_ I n fa ct people in the temperate 20ne attempt to seek an appreciatio n of the snow through songs, poems and pictures or by means of port , thus glorifying the snow a pleasant or harmless object.

011 the other hand_ if oue lives in a now country, where the inhabitants m-e snow-bound or live a greater part of the yeal- a mong the snow , then the menace or terror of the snow becomes evident to ltim_ From ancient times the inhabitan ts : -ehe now provinces have h~en waging battles against the havoc wrought by the snow, and they are still doing it_ They have been fighting this natural calamity for genera tions in order to preserve theu- existe nce_

DEVELOPMENl CO., INC-.

Today scie nce is combatting and overcoming t,he varions natural phe nomena_ ' bqhe case oCthe snow 'areful researc~sar~_llei.dg -cOnducted to deter:'r • " . .:.; . . . . I. mine ib:,i': --: '~I\.de and -'C_rul ilion 0: the snow'f'!'l'l} .. can, the;efo safei} presu~_ ,~~i4¥~er t1iC")la.:l-uI of the 8n(l "_ IS til ollghlY .!!n~ trstood, h e pr.;vaJ<mt terror and tlie d ~~tr1lctivt'dorcp of • he beco'lhe tbings -of\!>e p ast_ snow ~

;*.e

".-

,,,ill

Nippon , i1as llrod\t~e;d .,;;~~-:!:of lhe wodd's greatest scholar - on the snow_ He is Prof. Nakaya Ukitiro at the Hokkaido Imperia l University, who has been devoting himself to the study of the snOW for-many years, and is making valuable con tributions to the ubjec t.

IMPORTERS General

PLANTERS

s hapes of s now crystal s, and their occasiona l similarity and resemb lance, all ho ugh it is generall y believed, after microscopic examinations of tJlousand s of snowflak es, tbat no tWO s now e rvstals are alike. Artificial s now crystals we re produced for the first lim e in 1937 by Prot. N~kaya Ukitiro in a speciall y built laboratory.

Abace , Ramie, Cocoanuts, Rice, Cotton

\Vhen you see the s nowllakes tllTough a mi ..: roscope. :3ome of th em nppear like the picLures presented here.

die - pointed cry. Tray? ot exac tl y. II looks like an anci. nted crystal, III a y ent cas tle enclo ed by mouls, S hOWl1 Ly the C!8Lcd machin ery. white lines which are onl y air·fi llec1 lubes.

Merchandiae

EXPORTERS Manila Hemp, Ramie, Copra, Almaciga Y_

MOROKUMA PRESIDENT

HEAD OFFICE: DAVAO BRANCHES: MANILA K 0 B E,

TOKYO

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IPI'O ·PJlILIPPINES

POPULAR SONGS IN NIPPON By Noguti Hisamitu

erhaps the readers J11'ghL DOL I el"ll e iL if they werl' Lold Lhat nem'ly one million record, of a popular Nippo nese ong had been sold . BuL that is a d. Of course, tlris is a peak figure, if01' or· elinarily sale range anyl here froln t\\ l111ndr d thou and to fiye hun (h'erl thou· sand records. J usl why .uch ales aJ'e po ' ible may be inconceivable to peop le lil'ing in other countries, but-the fact lies... in the unique condition which e~sl 'ppOIl. . ; . l' I n the tirsl plae!) I) ·acti cal}y:f.eyory new popldar sO"g i. Ii te ill the ,cit;J.· logu e. of new .ungs whit I nre )~bU h· eel monlhly It;' lhe iiv<l IClUhng pho~o· graph companie iLl Nippon. Hi most cases a 80ng i t3ker. up and soJd through only one of these phonograpu com lIn. ni s. I n other \I ords, neh phonograph ('o m pan) beeollle Lhe· owner of the ('01') rigl,l. Some of th e new p"etes listed have been \I riL Le n and compo ed by jJopular ong wri lers (·ommissioned loy the phonograph c011lpanies. Othel's lIlight ha\e I,ee n "om l'0sed by lI) oti on pi(·tlll"e l'ompa ni es Lo he med a th eme ongs for one of their I'i("tlu·es. In 'Iippon radio is unrl cr tate ma· nogclIlcn l. \I ho>c first prineiple is to hroad('a ~ t uctllJ'alcl the cul ture and ('ivilil.a tioll of the (. IIntry so th broadeast· illl( of pop ular ,o ng. i. eompara Li ve ly rare. j\ "Cordingly. in mo I ca_e, i1'e I'"b li,' \I iU only be ahle to hea r new >o llg hiL s by means of new record or

populari ty oi the si nger. Aside from the opera si ngers, most of th e singers of popular Mngs arc a Ltached LO one of the phonograph cOll"[lnnies. They become intimate wi 11 lhe masses by mean of the song I·ecord s. Some of the pOpll' lru ongsters wi li make co n erl toUIS throughout the Cowl try wilh Iheir oW'1 troupes.. Then Ihere are BU h movie la]"' lik!) Todoroki Yukiko and Takami · ~le ;Mi~~ )Yfo are al 0 enjoyi ng pop'" ,lartty . as s~n gsler. On the other hanJ th.ere. ~re spm e populm' so ngsters who , like Raichi Kaluhiko, have become movie Slars as i~ the ea e of si milar iluation in other c6~tries. As rega~ds Ihe laste 01' preference for songs, until five Or six yem's ago, the lenden cy wa towards lyrical and non· sel) ' ical stuffs. Bllt during the l'ecenl few years the taste has swi tched 10 pa· lrio!-lc, anu to om e extenl, emotional and weet me lodies. Taken a a II'JlOle, the publie wa swamped with gloomy and eentim en tal so ngs i n contrast to currently pre l'ailing cheerful and li ely au·s. T he life of populm' SOLl lwo year at the mosl. On Ihere m'e ueh ong as ., ak ra" aJld t " Kazoe ta '1 whi ch mained the fa vol·i tes of the Nip 5i11('e e eral Illlndred years ago, Jung by the people nllarge. Also tl m'e folk songs replete with whi h are bei ng ung even 10 tlri day il"l'e pective of 1he wave 6f popular me· lodie . The " Kiso Bll i," which i In. troduced in th.i i ue, i one of these r presentative songs. Jt is humorous, peppery and ·harac Lerislie of a Nippo. nese [lopldar song. The ippone e ing this" I i 0 Bu i ,. al hal py gatherings or while at work .

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Iitrough th e movies. Th n if any melo· dy \ll cct wi th popular appea l il is eL 10 she I. 1I1l1"ie, a nd lIl ay I,e 'old or broarl· l'asLcd.

There is anoth r IJig fa CLor whk h in · fiu c nl'es Ihe p0l'ularity of any new melody. That is nO other Ihan the

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VIRGIN SN'OW - SKIER'S DELIGHT!

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SUZUKI NIPPONDO NO. 3. BAKURO.TYO. NIHONBASI路KU

TOKYO

THE DEFIANT SNOW PEAKS These gigantic awe-inspiring snow-capped mountains are not only imposing and defiant, but alluring, and mall , in Iu s insatiable thie t for conquest, is often tempted to scale them. Some of them have succeeded, wlule others failed. There are certain laws of nature which man will do well to observe were he to climb these peaks. For example, h e should study the weather forecast or meteoro logical reports,

and make such other preparation before attempti ng to conquer these peaks. Mountai"eers will take their fate and attempt to scale these peaks. Upon reaching the summit or other objecti ve . and gazing the snowscape below the mowJlaineer fee ls that he has tile world ,mder Iu s feet! And tlus feelin g of elation an not be appreciated by others, who merely view the now mountains from a safe distance .

EACHED

HIS

OBJECTIVE.

THE

SOARING

PEAKS

ARE

STILL

HURLING

THEIR

CHALLENGE

DEFIANCE

NlPPON-pmUPP1NES

SNOW-BOUND ' :

....

hen the snowfall continues for days it soo n piles into drifts or accumulates several feet deep and covers houses, road ,trees and everything in sight. [n clearing the snow-covered railway track, a "snow plough" is attached in . front of the engine, and thus traffi c is kept open. Oftentimes traffi c and COmmuni ca tions with the outside world are cut off, yet the snow-bound inhabitants pass the winter cooped up in theil: homes and contentedly await for the spring.

IPPON-PHILIPPPPINES

TH-E GHOST'S HAIR by People li/.il<g In the tropical cOltntrfes visualize the beauty of the snow through poetry_ . oags_ ar pictures. and seem to appreciate only the pleasant side af the snow_ But to the people living in snow countries the snow is oftentimes regarded as a natural foe against which they are cOll,stantly waging desperale ballie . of life and death_ In tiu! olden days when the means of communications alUJ tra.Jie were crLVi.e and undeveloped. and civilization was still in its infant stagp_ the problems of how to combat tlte luwoc wrought by the snoW_ and ,he horrors attached to the snow, L'Jl!rf! be.von.d the imagination of the people who knew nothing about the or ils tel.denc), . Tn mdPr to aU/ltOi,,1 slIch people 1I1it" Ihe Mtllre of the MOW S/'::uki Bokusi, a resident OJf ftt .fro province, wrote ~ book called ""\: " Hokaetu Seppu" or noW Sketches of Hokuetu. wltich wa regarded as a classic during the Yedo era. It is an old literary masterpiece written in 1770, ar.d contains un· lLSUal_ weLrd, mysterious.

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SUZUKI BOKIJSI

there Aowed a river called" Unogawa'-' Whenever there was a heavy rain , or when the snow melted the water rose, and washed away all the bridges span· ning tI,is river. Even the temporary bridges were not safe after a heavy torm , and many villagers met their tragic deaths when the bridges gave way. Prie t Genk"o was wnn t to pray for the repose of the sou l < ~f Lho e ill·fated villagers who 10 t , IT live at the hands of the turbulent water. One stormy ,vinter night Genkyo was at the bridge as usual. The snOw was falling thi ck and fast in the mid t of the cold whistling wind, which eemed to pierce the marrow of hi bone. Genky'o stood at th~ foot of the bridgc

and interesting STo,ics.

sketches and legends We selected one of the legerlds eoncemiag the snow, and present it to our friends in tlU! south. ( Editors' note)

ears ago , in the pro'<llce of Etigo, there lived a prie t named Genkyo. He was about 60 years old, and lived in a lonely hut a liule removed from the village of Sekiyama. Geukyo did not have any formal education to speak of. but as a prie t he was equal to, or even urpassed so me of hi more learned and eminent bro ther. His reputation pread far and wide, and naturally he was m ueh re pee ted by the villagers and otl,ers who knew or heard of him. Tl,rough the "illage of ekiyama

and chanted the -'Nenbutu,'- which consisted in I'cpeating the Buddha's name_ Despite the heavy sno,vfall it was a brilliant moonlight. Occasional· ly he tapped the bell and continued saying Itis " Nenblltu. " Sudd,mly the brighl 11100n darkened like an eelips", and the surrounding land cape became murky as tllough it wa splashed with black ink. Genkyo began to feel the howling w-;nd ling his skin. He felt that all wa not right. and he imagined to have been 'lrrounded by weird creature ! " This seems queer!" the priest sa id to himself. As if to muster courage Genkyo raised hi, voice and kept up the " enbutu . ,. All of a udden he

saw a bl,ush light hoot up from the river like a spiral ,vhich burst into flame. "This must be the p,nt of the dead'-' the prie t mumbled and se renely continued with hi " enbutu. ,- He dosed his eyes and tapped th bell more frequently a if to drown the spooky atmosphere. After a while be opened hi" eye ' . And behold, about ix feet away On th bridge. there tood a woman around 30 year of age_ he was dripping wet. Her flowing dishevelled blach. hair partly covered her haggard facc n ordinary human being 'ould have Red or bec'orne terror-stri(·ken at ueh a hideou phantom. But not s with Genkyo_ \ h had been trained in the spiri. tual ways of Buddhi 111. He remained compo ed. Genkyo noticed that the phantom ' s lorso wa transparent LllIt blurred be low the waist. " 0 thi is the ru· mored ghost wlrieh I' ve heard'-' Genkyo 5<1id to him se lf and re main ed cabn. The ghost did not walk. but advanced toward the priest by floating tlrrough the air. It poke in a whi per. but the voi,' was not such as might be ut· tered by a hUlllan being_ Genkyo collected his courage and wa prepared to listen . " My nam e is Okiku ,'- the ghost be· gan. ' I lived in the neighboring vii· lage. My husband I assed into the other world and left me behind. I couldn ' t make ends meet and led a hand· to -mouth exi tence. I hau are· lative in the village of Igarasi, 0 thought of going to him for he lp. While crossing the bridge . I fell illto the ri ver and . . . .-Like a corp e dangllllg from a tree_ the pectre wa waying to alld fro in the air. Genkyo remained unruRled and waited for the gho.t to continue

its narration. 'Tonight happens to be the 4 9th day in ce I passed into the other world," the gho t continued. " Be· cause I'm a pauper, no one burned in· cense for me, or even gave me a drink of water. However , yo u were ki nd to offer prayers for me, and I' ve been comforted. " The n the ghost paused as if to take a brea th. " Unhappily olving to my black I,ail' I co uld not re t in pea e. T herefore, I have one more request," the ghost said embarrassingly. " Will you be kind enougll to shave tllis black hair of mine? " the gllOSt pleaded and wept bitterly. " Oh, I'm so sorry," Genkyo com· forted as if talking to a li ving creature. " If you can' t rest in peace because of YOUI black hair, then I can easily shave it 01T. But I can' t do anythi ng here just now , 60 w'ill yo u come to my hut at Sekiyama village tomorrow night ? Then I sllall surely grant you wish. " The ghost nodded wi th an apparent satisfaction and vanished like smoke. Again the mOOn shone in brilliance while the snowfall subsided. Genkyo re turned to his hut, mingled with a

NIPPON·PHlLIPPINES

". ,

1 .....

feelil)g of tlotiPt a nd fear. ,' .•.~", Early next"jhorning Ge'*#~'.~~led On hi fri eD~. onya, Sit:i4ej 'i'a~ Telat· ed wh at he ha,d seelJ, !11e prilvlDus night. ~'Jhe ghost' of Okik;u .is.~0il'ing here tonignt," Genk yo told' hi~.fJ.i eil (/ :. "Such tt,ings'; don' t happen ' oftei'!.., , l'rq ao hooest man so' want the peJjp~e•. to 'be· lieve ' what I've see n. SQme '~people may no t be lieve in ghost, so"!'m going to tell them, and thiok tllis will be a practieal teaching io Buddhism. In order to do this I most have someone bear wi tness 10 the fact that I have seen the ghost. This proof is for the sake of the world and mankind, " the priest informed Sitibei. Siti bei, about the age of the priest, was an ad herent of Genkyo's sect so q ui ckly saw the point a nd responded to the lauer's sugge tio n. " Then I'm going to see Okiku's gh ost," Sitibei volunteered. " I shall come back later ," and as if an after· thought he added, " I wonder where ca n I hide to watch the ghost ?" "Under the altar- that's the best place ," the priest suggested. " Bot under no cirCLUnstan ces mu t you talk about it. If you do , the young men

from the village , out of curiosity, will be rushing over here, and that will spoil our plan. Understand ?" Genkyo warned his friend. Sitibei promised to keep mum and left the priest's h~t. Whe n twilight came around priest Genkyo began his " Nenbutu ". itibei arrived as pronUs, ed. Mter Genkyo had fi nished recit· ing his prayer , he offered tea and cake to Silibei. Both spoke little an d waited for darkness. Genkyo then directed Sitibei to take cover Wlder the altar. A small peep' hole was bored in the altar through which Sitibei co uld watch he ghost. The lamp was dinlmed, and the room became eerie. Genkyo then kept the door open a little. Two razors were placed in front of the altar. TIm the tage was set so the priest and llis hid· den fri end awaited for the arrival of Okiku's ghost. There was a flurry of snow outside, and the raging lvind slrrieked through the small opening of the door which swayed back and forth. The dim light flickered and seemed to go out any min· ute. In the wake of such indefinite waiting, thing looked rather gloomy.

ilPPO ·PHJUPPINES " Say, itihei san , I've pnt some quilts in there, but don't go to sleep, ,. Geol-yo reminded his fri end. " Far from it,~ tJ,e oilier retorted. " Why should r go to sleep, even if r wanted to. a I'm amuous to see ilie ghost. I'm praying in silence." There was a brief pause. "r suppose you yourself are dozing ?" "Silence ! Your voice is too loud . I warn you again not to make any noise if you see the gho to" the priest admo· rusbed iLibei. Okiku's ghost was tardy . To while away the time Genl-yo smoked, yawned and mechanically recited the " en· butu. ,. It was getting towards mid· night, and the old priest was bored. 11,e relentless nowstorm increa cd in '0 trace of human being inten.it} was WIthin earshot, and the whole at· mosphere appeared ,]i;;mal. " , hat is ke"ping the gho t from bt!ing ia,e ?'. Genkyo kep t saying to him,!:, I;' \li' hile L"e torm raged out· sir!", the interior of the but was kept f:lid) W3.1·m by fire . McanIV!tile Gen· kyo began to .IMP, altnough Ile struggi· ed ha.rd to "ee" a'YaKe. He unconsci· ously n~ddcd' ,)ite~. In one of his spasr,;()(lic no~s he JU!l1ped his head against the deok. Genkyo's eyes opened. To his sur· prise Genkyo discovered that the gho t was sitting beside him . When did it sneak in ? The gh ost' black hair was dishevelled and dangled over its sickly face. It remamed ilent and listless. Genkyo was frightened. 11. cold chill ran down his spine and made him shiver. It took him som e time to reo gain his com posure . . " Welcome, I've beP-D W3.1llng for you ," Genkyo greeted ilie silent guest. The ghost made DO answer. omehow it appeared different from that which Genkyo had met at tl,e bridge ilie night before. Genkyo poured hot water into the basin , picked up the razor and went behind the ghost. !L's disarrayed hair was dripping wet. Yet there was no indicatioD tJ,at the gho t had come through ilie snow· torm. Genkyo intended to use the ghost's hair as evidence in proving the fact tJ,at he had een the ghost. He commenced shaving the gho t' head. To his astonishment the hair, which had been shaved , lid into tl,e ghost' bosom as if it had been pulled by a piece of string. Genkyo then

thought that it was woman's instinct to prize her hair, so he took hold of a strand of hair and con tinued shaving. Stranger still, this portion likewise lipped Ollt of Genkyo's hand and slid i nto the gho t's hosom ! After he had fi nishca shaving he gathered up from the fl oor what little was left of tJ,e ghost's hair. l'he ghost li pped its emaciated hand into the bosom to make sure tJ,at the hair was there. With it h3.1lds clasped in prayerful atti tude the ghost humbly howed to the priest. It grinned a hor· rible ghastly smile. and disappeared in the unseeD air. Konya Sitihei crawled out from his hiding place. " r was never so scared in my life," he admitted and wiped ilie perspiration (rom his brow. "Didn't expect that the world con tained such a YOll certainly had frightful object. ilie courage no t only to onverse WitJl the ghost, b,.t LO 6ha,'e its head," Siti· bei shuddered. It was past midn ight. ''I'm s~r~d -;md don't want to go ..home tonight. . you r:~ t me up for ~\e Dig!).!'?" . itibef.,,?~ged"Pl\lllse do," . GemsYQ agreed. Then he added:'with a.'leaslri~\enile "The ghost ha gone .l)ome to:\i;~' illhe; i, il much-. .lieve£\: :: ·.:f .. "L'66k " t thi~l co)J./dit, i!;~t more Ihand4i;:":CeP.kyo !~~~ ;.oln .!land· ed a slJ'ana· of' the l;.t's~hair to Sil]· bei. Sitibei witht;l:r ',,,-and dared •• ot to toucb itr~'I?~~)II'iest carefully w)'~~ped the !#.J: in--a V'a,per and' placed' :it .00 the.:itllft. · :'T'hen Genkyo took out' the ., saKe "'(ir 'n ce wine left over from last night. Both sat before tl,e fire· place and ell joyed the "sake."

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'iLibei returned 10 hi home early next morning. Jl e assembled tile vil· lager , to whom he related the ghost story He took out the strand of hair wh ich priest Genkyo h,,,l .haved eff from the ghost'S head and showed it to the villagers. ~ i tlb~i (;xhorted iliem to become more religious, and recognize the unsnng de"ds ot the priest. That night the villager gathered toge ther at the priest's hut and heard the mass. Okiku's hai r was buried at ilie foo t of the bridge where she had been drowned, and a tomb was placed On the spot. Tlus was done by the good people out of sym pathy for poor Okiku. Even today this monwnent stands in the viUage of ekiY3.1l1 a.

£ orA KinD T he LIFE i ll its July 7, 1941 , i ue reported that the U.S. army had,'adopt· ed a new camou fl age tactic~ ' -caUed

TRANSMISSION

(For Aaltralia) Tokyo' • • .••• • ••• 5:80-7:45 p.m. Svdne)'" • • • • • • • • • • 6:3O-8:.t& p.m.

J Z J 1l,800kc/.~ J Z K 15,160 kC/B., 5:3O-New. in Nippoae..

6000-N.... In Bualbh 7:00-N.... In En.lbb

25.42 m. 19.79 m.

"spider hole " during the 1941 maneu· verso This" spider hole" is shown in the picture reproduced from the LIFE.

How effective this "spider hole" tactics migh t be in the \V ar of Greater East Asia was answered by Urree cartoonists, M urayama Sigeru, Akiyosi Kaoru and Hujii Tornu, who conceived uleu own ideas on the basis of ule LIFE' photos. This "spider hole" is a cramped sort

of tactics whereby the Yankee doughboy is forced to crawl into it and " wait unti l the enemy h as passed overhead , then will spring out, attack the enemy from rear !" Our cartoonists too m list have felt a bit "cramped " when they

were forced to use their ingenuity in e.xposing this puerile Yankee war strat~gy.

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01 fAe ..or/d. Hear the ne.a proflided for yoa! P.M. l~New.

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lJ;QO-Newa in Thai

lllCO-Ne1n in Taaaloa U:S6-New. in Malal

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O:lo-News in Bumea. O;85-New. in Nippcme.. loOO-.t(.... iD En.li.b

Syotiku Motion Pictures' Continental Feature Produced under the guidance of Local Nippon Army Press Corps Supported by Tyuka Minkoku Sinminkai

FLOWERS ATTH~ FR NT A stupendo us featu re revealing the am ity and coo peration

between the Ni p ponese and Ch inese in the rec onstruction o f n e w Ch ina, am idst r omantic love, t h ri lls, hat red, and in trig ues of C hungking's plundering arm y. Locati on of the p icture is laid o n t he vast pl ains of North China.

he International Amity Society is composed of ippones, Chine c , 1anchoukuau , Filipino and other fo r· eign students who are studying in Nip· pon. Among the members are Ya So· ken, a Clunese actress of the classic school, who is tudying Nipponese cul· ture and dramatics, and Sakai Tetno, n young ipponese student , who is in· terested ill Chi nese literature. A friend· Iy atmosphere prevail. among the

mem bers of the ociety, who pledge to build an ideal Creater East Asia. Then on July 7 , 1937, the first shot lil'ed at Luko" c1riao (Marco Polo Bridge) ex pands into the China Iuci· dent. The friend of yest~rday are forced bcircum Lances to become e nemie , an 'ltU'e iri'~mbe'r • of the Soci· ety axe placed emb;'rrassing itlIa' !,ion. Tbj is keenly Se lt by Sakai and '10 So·ken.· · . y th 1 pring of 1938, the lmperial Nlp nes force have eptered Peking. Oa~~ more 'Pea e return to that city. y~ o·ken, who was undecided whether to pursue the anti· il'pon fron t. or the patl\ of peace , makes up her mind to collaborate w~ith the newly·born Clrina. 1n order to preserve the Chinese cuI· tme, he organizes a dmmatic tToupe. On the other hand Sakai is sum· "lOned to the rolor and serves lus

countt'}' somewhere at the fro nt. ei· ther knows of each other's where· abouts. After aluJ is discharged from the aIm y, he joins th p inmin Kru, a national movemenl s(}cie!y ~ and l.U1ex-

pectediy meets Chin, fQrmerly a memo ber of the InternatiO!lal ni ty Society. Chill undertukes to arrange the meet· ing between Sakru ?oml Yc So·ken , but on the appointeei c.a), Sakai is again called to the fron t on a new mission. Thus Sakai and Yo So· ken lose an 01" portunity of seeing each oUler but both, solicitous over each other's safe· ty, strive and collaborate ill the con· struction of a new China. In the summer of 1941, the scene Aashes back to a cer tain tow n in North CI, ina. The Ch ungking regime makes no pretence of layi ng down its arms. but is spurred on by the Anglo·Ameri· can powers to continue its re istan e.

But the co ntinuous defeat of the Chungking forces finally In'ing about a dissension amo ng the leaders of tbe 8th Route AI nl"{ and the Cen tral Army, which ]'"s'U[S il~ tire creation of the reo sistance and the peace factions. Mean· "hjle Yo So ·k'·I' ' S thrown ;nto prison oy th~ Ceh tfdi Arm y, through the be· trayal of L1 , 'v 1\(0 <II. ~lIi aes himself a a member I)~ lhe dramatic troupe. In cidell tal ly Sakru, while passing near by, learn of Yo So·ken·s im· prisonment so determines to rescue her. Taking advantage of the chaos in the enemy forces, Sakai plans to undertake pacifi cation movement and lead them to seek peace. At the risk of personal danger he joins one of the CentJ:al Arm 's tlJlits to calTY out thi compaign. Will he succeed? See the " Flowers at the Front" for the IInS\ er.

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hown masks which are wo rn by aclors in a Nipposese m usical drama called

Masks may be u_ed in dramas a nd fesli va ls ·in any cou n try, bUI lhere is none which is so h igh in

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highly known lhroughoul lhe world.

ex t I t us lea rn Ihe na mes of lh e vario us pa ris of Our body. Il c rca fl

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?':.I

1].

Do yo u luke things wilh your feel ?

r IJ7~J.

I" IJ7~J do not take (Th e negative form of .. ~ .

do 1Iot /l£or) ::j (de),

3. nose,

~ (su) ,

T (lIa) , J (n), ;;i (me) ,

4. mouth.

= ", ;Ib:i :J-'f 6

5. tooth.

(mi) , l' (ha) , ~ (ti) (chi in E nglish)

1. eye, 2. ear,

(In Nipponese the singular and plurn l form s are not differen tiated.)

I do not toke things wit h m y fect.

rt51 ? (or T:J)

III

=t==t=7~

With what do you h ear?

what

I hear wi th my ea rs.

CD 'J +

+ ®

( 7~ ) D.

Practi ce ) ourse lves by changing the words that should he in80rted in (D. words

ujtable for

For th~ answer a lter thc

®.

t= ;t

X T"

rt51 ?

:';7·~

:;t

is a particle that fo il ws an objCdi-;c.

:J"~

is do . does.

D:.

Expre ing tlus in a ff\ n pula it would be ...

CD ? + ®

III

It =I ;t + :.; 7 ~

i- +

Accordj ng to Form ula I , the answer would be .. .

X T"

is a particle ordinarily indicati ng a nominative case.

?~'Y

two.

tate of things, i frequently used.

ten ce or

But here it indicate

the accusative ca 'e.

In Nippo ngo when po e sion is used in broade r e nse r'J~~ , wltich expresses an exis. On the o ther hand wh en an object is actually he ld in one's

hand we say ~ "'7 -(~~ .

?51?:';?

I havc a book in my haud.

it-::/ ' ;t

r IJ 7;(·

1 have a father.

Note carefully that in English the world " have" is used for both ·ascs.

(Pay specia l attentiop in the

case of b.)

751'~ ~

too, also I also have two fee t.

S (ra) ,

-;;t

(ma) ,

-( (i) , J: (e)

6 (mu) ,

(hu)

Ifu]

'* (ne), 1.

7 (te),

book.

* (ki) , 2.

father.

(be), =e (mo)

t- (to) ,

;f; (ho) , if (sa) ,

IJ (ri) ,

JIJ

(rll) ,

'J9.?':.J 'J

7l1f''E

...J

+\'

r IJ ~~.

7~ :~

(')9.?,f:J 'J)

?7-

f.i

tt-'J

'Tvf:e but, t t-'.)I olle I have two eyes.

But I have only one mouth.

As you call see in Lbe examp le above, in English the numerals come h.;fore the noun, but in Nippollgo Lhey come afLer the noun.

Furthermore, in

ippOllgO there is

plural

101111 c,,~ept

for pecial purposes.

This is because the plurality is clearly expressed by the numerals. ippones~

Let us review what we learned in Lhe previous lesson (-) the

11. go

:Ii.

zyu

S hyaku

san

-t

1\ hati

siti

I!!l si

iti

nmnera .

roku

T en

By the way, there is another more common way of a lli og the figures below ten (bllt noue above teo).

=.. I!)

= I!"J

hitotu

hutatu

':\.'3:ririttu

*'1) muttu

-t:; 19

~1:J' i\~'!J -:"

'./!'

nanatu

x~ttu'

, 1!!l '.!J

11.'.)1

::"~ 'ytt."

itutu

.,. :. ':'::n:~' ~

;:J~~~~tu

to\

f",:.." â&#x20AC;˘.â&#x20AC;˘

In this form the word '.)I is atla<--hed at :the end

every

.,,,co

Repeat these monhers in order to familiarize your elve wIt h ,he", .

how many

.(-:/'.)1

How many ears have you? OW,

h c<e

a riddle in

'J9.?':.J 'J ?7- 'E

r IJ

b9.?':.J 'J) '.J':.JT

ippoogo for yon to think over.

f.i

rIJ~E:;.

711

~ ~:J

T tJ

t:;

A watch (or clock)

'T (ke) , t (hi), 0 (ro), ? (gu)

}'Ij?~ .

'" .~

"t~::Jr tj'

#=t=~~ .

=f~ 13.

I have no eyes, nor a mouth. Answer:

~' =t:

7-:;l 'Y

'J9.?':.J 'J

'J?9.':.J 'J

I have t wo e ars.

But I havc t wo hands.

And I Can t a lk. What a m I?

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