Nippon Philippines Kigen 2603, No 10 by Filipiniana Online

hilippines. GHOUT ASIA

NTN

Head Olf,c

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44 5850 57

Toro BEARING SEIZO KABUSHIKI KAlS

THE HEART OF TH[

GLOBE} Number 10

Nippon-Philippines

Kigen 2603

CO NTE NTS Pog.

CART OONS Slim & Shorty Visit Tokyo . . . . . . . .

24·

LECTURE We Speak Nippo ngo· . . • . . . . . . . The gi rl on the cover typifies the pu lse of the sen and sky. Both the soft whispering summer seB b reeze, an d the fleecy ca rl y SU mmer clouds floaling in the sky, arc each att empt. ing to win the heart of this prelly damse l. She encounters the buffeting sen bree-.l.c whi h tTies to dis hevel her hair. The clouds gath er together as if to challenge the sen breeze's right to monopolize the girl. But she appeases both with a radiant smile full of s ubtle charm blithe wi th the bliss of swcet innocence.

MISCELLANEOUS Man Figh ts Sea Mon fers'

Ushering Nippon's Summer·

aughty Wind . . . . . . .

Why Wives Become Hysteric! (A satire)·

Kus unoki Masasige (A s tory) . . . . . .

MOVIES " Dawn of the Gods"

MUSIC Sa kUTa no Uta (Song of ule Sakura) . . .

•

SALVAGING · .. .. .

Rebirth of • Dead Ship·

SCIENCE ·EDITORIAL STAFF Kurasige Tetuili, Sibnta Ryiizi, 5alo Katumi , Asaka T osie, Wasiaa 5i010.

tory of the Submarine· . . . . . . . . .

FOR

SUBMA RINE Submarine the Undersea Terror·

DRAWING, STUDYING, BUSI N E S'" 3

ART DEPARTMENT

Spiri t of the Su bmarine·

tnagaki Siko, Kawai Jin siro, Wakamatu Ukili.

Sinkin gs & Replacements

ELECTRO - OSMOSIS

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Photos by : Nippon Syasin Kogeis),a, And al,o by:

Yamahata Syasin Kagaku Kenkyu8)'0, Domei TiisinsY8, Tokyo Kogei. sya, Tokyo Kogasya. Syasin Ky6kai , Asah i Sinbunsyo, Dai Nippon Ei ga Kabu siki Kaisya, 1 avy Mini stry . MOfizuki , member of Navy press co r ps, Obi Takehiko , Yamnmura lppei, Yasuda Kafu hiko.

Photographs are censored by War Ministry and Navy Mi nistry, No. 783.

Nippon. Philippines is publis hed by Nippon. Philippines Syo, Osaka, Bldg., Utisaiwa i. tyo, KOzimoti. ku, Tokyo. P ub lisher : Kubo Senzi. Rates fo r adverti semen ts will be given on application.

Nippon Pencil Mfg. C8., Ltd. slma. ~t.

lrDta . ku. Tokyo. NIPIDN

IANKYO {OMPANYLTD. CAPITAL :

Yen 15,000,000 ( PAID UP)

Orient's Foremost Manufacturers of Pharmaceuticals, Chemicals Specialities. HOME OFFICE :

Muromati, Nihonbasi, Tokyo

CABLE ADORESS: .. DIASTASE" TOKYO All Sta nd ard Codes Us ed

BRANCHES:

Osaka, Taihoku

FACTORIES:

Tokyo, Osaka, Dairen

Inquiries Receive d at Home Office

T HE PREMIER CLASS OF TO I L ET PREPARATIONS IN THE G R E ATER EAST ASIA

JHIJEIDO

:Toitet 9ae GINZA . TOKYO. NIPPON ( ESTABLISHED 1672)

Kigen 2603

~ . , ;- '"

THE NIPPON MATCH TOSEI KAISYA LTD. Sole Manufacturing & Distributing tlon In Nippon

, 6, 2路tyome, Gokii路diiri Fuklal路ku. KOBE, NIPPON Cable Address~

JOINT-MATCH

Codes: BENTLEY'S 1st edition A. B. C. CODE

NI PPON-PH ILIPPINES

SPIRIT OF THE IMPERIAL SUBMARINE How It is Being Developed duty. His spirit of loyalty and sacrifice is imprinted on the front page of our s ubmarine history, and stands out as the tradition of our submarine prowess. On April 15, 1910, Nippon's first submarine equipped with gasoline motor was tested. First Lieutenant Sakuma Tu tomu was in command of this unfortunate Submarine No . 6, Ivhioh never rose. T he next day' the ill-fated submarine wa refloated, but COlllmander Sakuma and his crew of 14 met their tragic de- tIl. Everyone was as his post until the last brea th was out. There was no disorder, confusion , or indi ca tion of frant ic efforts '" ~ ..J " " ~.! "1~~ ~r-~c1 'i1~A~ ~1i.~i\ ~• ,~tf I r" ~a.%*-..

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-- G et you r enemy! Every torpedo means a hit! " These are our submarine's credo upon whi ch the pirit of ubmarine is built. This spirit has been developed tltroug h tradition, perseverance and vigorous training whi ch none but ippon's navy can llJldel·go. The daring and relentless war activiLies of the Imperial ubmarine cover an area of 87,000,000 sq. mi. in the Pa cifi c, and arc a source of constant terror to the e nemy. Whether in a ttacking warships, raiding commerce, or she ll ing the foe' land bases, the submarine can be reued upon to bla t the enemy's offense or defen e . In dis('ussing the historica l development of Nippon's submarine spirit we can not overlook the ga llantry of First Lieutenant akuma Tutomu, who laid down his Ufe in the discharge of his

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like true busi of yore, remaining to perform their duties to the last. Commander Sakuma prepared a detailed report concerning the condition of the new engine, cause of the tragedy, and condition of the submarine after it sank. This report proved a very valuable contribution towards the fu ture development of the submarine, as well as in matters pertai ning to engineering and tech nique. Part of COll1l11ander Sakuma's mellJQTandum reads : " While we died f01 the State in the performance of our dUlles, yet OUT only regret is that we fear the pubuc may form all erroneous judgment because of this incident and thereby prej udice the development of the submarine in the future. " Such loyalty and .acri5 ce manifested by Conunander :)akullla spurred others interested in submarine and heralded the dawn of the noble Submarine Spirit.

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l\lclI1o whi ch wos pre pared by Commander Sakuma g ivin g th e couse of Submarine Six incident.

by the men to escape from the sunke n either was there any sign submarine. of phy ica l agony. (If this were an American or British submarine, it is easi ly co nceiva ble that the crew would havc !Ua Ie a \vild scramble to seek ou tlet to save themse lves.) The crew of Submarine No.6 died

At tha t time the disaster was regarded by the avy as the 010 t deplorable tragedy. Be that as it may, this mute lesson of Commander Sakuma's mart)'dom , whi ch wa atoned for "'ith his life and those of his crew, forms a pecial page in ippOll'S glorious naval hi tory. And ince then, tllis spirit of unselfi h-

TPPO -PHIUPPlNES ne and loyalty ha been perpetuated as Nippon's Submarine Spirit. Two things stand out con picuously in the moulcling of the Submarine Spirit, which can not be readily appreciated by landlubber . The fir t is the pleasure in discovering the enemy, especially after a somewhat long and uneventful voyage. uch pleasure becomes a complete delight, as may be found among children, after the torpedo has hit its mark! Shouts of banzai re-echo throughout every comparbnent of the hip. The second factor is the perfect harmonyand understanding which prevails among the men. They are like a large family. Everybody acts without any make-shift or coat of veneer. Each knows the other fellow's weakness, merit and general trait, and will overlook the unpleasanl side of life. This becomes necessary sin ce they live in cramped quarters day in and day out. ippon sLLbmarine crew's training is more intense tllan actual warfare, and it takes place without choice of time or place. In order to freely manipulate the submarine, which calls for the cream in modern science, its crew must not only he the pick of the pick, hut they should be fairly' intelligenl au d skillful. The torpedo is the submarine's main weapon , therefore the most important and strenuous training of its crew is how to sink a giant warcraft with a single torpedo. A torpedo is handled sacredly by the crew, and at times prayer is offered to it with the sam e reverence held for a deity. At other times a torpedo is regarded with an attachment or love bestowed upon one's flesh and blood. After a torpedo is clischarged the crew, with their hands clasped, pray

that it will hit the target. The ipponese ubmarine crew do not consider the torpedo a mere mechani cal agent, bUI a li ving creature whi ch will accurate ly hit the intended objective because it is permeated with the spirit of the crew. Precision machIne, unenJjng training, pillS the great spiritua l power, all combined have fostered the spirit of our invin cible submarine.

T he ine War-God of the First pecia l Au ack Flotilla which torpedoed Ihe Ameri ca n fl eet in Pearl Il arbor on December 8. 1941, and the Ten Heroes, who made urprise au ack s on Ihe enem y warships in Sydn ey and Diego-Juarez (Madagascar) on May 31, 194.2. as members of the econd Specia l Auack F loti lla. have not dicd in vain. In all theEe attacks the mcn specially Conti nue.1

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NIPPON路 PHILIPPINES

SEIMEI BOHEN

S060IWSYA

(The First Mutual Life Insurance Co.)

The daring attack in Pearl Harbor could have been made only by Nippon's submarine.

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picked and trained for such hazardous undertakings never expected to return. In fact they are unmindful of death. Their deeds live after them and speak for themselves. In the case of the ttack on Sydney harbor, perilous but \ hich succeeded, even the Australian

authorities paid a special tribute to the gallantry and heroism of the Nipponese submarine crew. These men are the incarnation of the traditional Submarine Spirit originally created by First Lieutenant Sakuma Tutomu.

True hero is m k nows no national ba r rier for the Aus traliun navy paid tribut e to the crew of th e 2nd

Special Allack Floti.

ur business is just as

lI a wHi ch wrigg led into Syd ney harbor Oil May 31, 1942, and torpedoed the enemy warcra rl. Such feat

sound and firm as our new earthquake-proof, fireproof, and bomb-proof building, which is 10 storeys above and 4 storeys below the ground, built solidly on a foundation of rock.

HIE~IYA

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was not only un expected but could not have been conceived or ca rri ed out b y others than Nipponese. Aus tra lian authorities out o f res路 pect for the braver)' of the Nipponese crew a co rd ed State funeral.

SINKINGS vs. REPLACEMENT OF SHIPS Axis are sinking more merchantmen than the Allies can build

1 939

1 940

194 1

1942

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."U,bl l 1.IUlt I.f 4 mOlt •••f S.pl. t. Otc. Tonna2' avallabl. 10 us & Britain

26,739,000

3.,.1110.'

III. t. Ham

22,304,000

18,020,000

12,887 ,000

13,421,000

3.Z34.000 SlUppiog still plays a vital role in modern warfare, therefore victory or defeat depends on whether the sinkings exceed the replacement, of losses or vice versa. Since the outbreak of the European War jr; Se.pt. 1939, up to April tlUs year, the Axis powers have sunk 29,500,000 toos of allied slUpping. TlUs figure exceeds the estimated total combined tonnage of 28,000,000 toos held by or available to the US and Britain prior to the war.

TRANSMlSSION

No amount of frantic efforts by the glo-American powers to replenish these losses cat! overco e the recent brisk siokings by the Axis submarine aoll air forces. Even the American Navy Department admitted that the allies have lost 12,000.0(\0 tons during 1942. The London Daily Express cynically stated : "If the ~xis submarines keep on sinking our ships at this rate they may even tually sink the British isles."

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Tokyo' . . . . . . . . . . Ira n' . • . . • • . • . , . Arabia. leak . . . Turkey· . . . . . . . . . J Z J 11.800 kc/ s. , A ..}.t.

JLT2

9,654 kc/ s ..

1:30- 3:45a.m. 8:(10--10:15 p.m. 7:30- 9:45 p.m. 6:30- 8:45 p .m. 25.42 m. 31 . 10 m.

l:30-News in French 2:OC>-News in Arabic 2:30-News in Iranilln (Tues •• Thurs. & Silt.) or in Turkish (Wed .• Fri. & S.un.) 2:50-News in English 3:15-News in ~ipponese

TRANSIIOSSION 5- (Fo, 'Ddl_ & wutern A.t.) Tokyo' . . . . . . . . . . ClIlcutta' . . J Z J 11.800 kc/ s.. JLG 4 I5.1OS kc/ s..

P_..t.

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0:00- 2:00p.m. 8:30-18:30a.m. 25.42 m. 19.86 m.

O:30-New. in T am il l:00-News & Commentary in Irania n (Tues .• Thuu . & Sat.) or in Turkish (Wed .• Fri. & Sun.) l:30-News in Arabic

TRANSIIOSSION 10-(Fo, TOkyo ' . . . . .

Chino)

. . . 8:GO-IO:15p.L .

Moscow ' . . . . . . . . . . . 2:00- 4:15 p.m .

11.800 kc/ s.. 15.160 kc/ s..

25.42 m. 19.79 m.

P.At .

8:oo-New. in Nippone.e 8:2o-New. in Cantonese Dialect 8:~News in Fukiene8e Dialect 9:CIO-Newa in Stllndard Chineae lO:OO-News in Russilln

TRANSIIOSSION 12-(Fo,

'ndl_)

In the Atlantic the German U-boats are successfully engaged in commerce raidings, while the Italian submarines are taking care of the Mediterranean. In the expensive Pacifi c the Nippon submarines have sunk and are sinking the US and British warslUps, aircraft carriers and transports. The prime object of Nippon's submarine is to render im potent the enemy's combative power ralber than commerce raiding, nltho the latter is also important.

A .M .

O:OO-News in English l :OG-News io Nipponese

TRANSIIUSSION 13-(Fo,

JVW:.!

9.675 kc/ s..

Tobo • . . . . . . . 10:30 p.m.-l:1511.m.

P.Af.

Calcutt" . . . . . . . 7:00 p.m.-9:45 p.m. J Z J 9.535 kc/s.. 31.46 m. JLC 2 9.505 kc/ s. . 31.57 m.

lO:.30-New8 ll:OO-Ne ..... l1 :40-New. ll:55-News

P.Af .

10:3:>-Newa in Hindustani l1:00-News in Urdu ll :OO-News in Tamil

PhiUpp;D~.

Frencb Indo-Chin., Thai, Eall t IndIes and BUl'ma) Tobo ' . . . . . . . IG-.30p.m.- 1:15a.m. Bangkok. Saigon' . 8:30 p.m.-11:15 p.m . J Z J 11.800 kc /s .. 25.42 m. in in In in

31.01 m.

French Thai Tagalog Malai

A ./ol.

O:1G-New8 in Burmese O'.35-News in Nipponese 1:00-News in English

NIPPON

HOSO KYOKAI, THE 8ROADCASTING CORPORATION Of NIPPON

MAN FIGHTS SEA MONSTERS Man seeks New Thrill in Undersea Fishing

Fishermen, armed with bamboo abou t five feet long with a big hook at the end, dive into the sea. They prefer some monster whi ch will give ple nty of action and oftentimes come

aero a vl elou olle who rightly resent being " hooked, " and battle ensues. The e fi shermen prefer to " hook " these deep. sea fi shes in their natural abode than to attempt getling them

from the surface with ree l, hook and line. This unique under. sea photo was taken somewhere in the sea at Miye pre路 fecture, whi ch supplies fi sh a nd sea products in abundance.

Ushering Nippon's When the gentle May breeze begins to blow over the glassy sea it is a sign of the approaching wmner . Yachting becomes popular among the lassies, to whom the white sails beckon.

DEVELOPMENT CO., INC.

IMPORTERS General

Merc/i all di8e

PLANTERS Abace, Ramie, Cocoanuts, Rice, Co tton

EXPORTERS Manila Hemp, Ramie, Copra , Almacig a Y.

M O R OKU MA PRESIDENT

HEAD OFFICE: DAVAO BRANCHES: MANILA KOBE,

TOKYO

NIPPON-PHILIPPINES

SAKURA

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SAKURA NO UTA if?S .I ~~ By Sato Sonosuke ~~S

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break of early crimson morn As the mis~ clears o'er ~he eastern sley Blooms the Sakura in her radiance Amidst the sparleling drop of dew,

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Dimly blossomed Sakura 01 ~he hil/s Solt zephyr in sweet fragrance is siglling As we recall ~he memories 01 yore Tha~ linger longer ~han ~he scen~ed blossom .

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At tw,Jigh~ the Sakura blooms in her glory ~§§~=~ Tintea :n ~he g/o · InJ1 e ening tide' :: A litHe petal tucked i., a ,'td io'en's hair. l-Ial9,eCl 10 he s~W.~g SUII.

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In a song to ~he beloyed S~~ura Whose brief blossomed file (,OW (a des Beneath Ihe pale moonligh~ sky; I-fer admira~ion soon ~o lose.

NIPPON-PHILIPPINES

WHY WIVES BECOME HYSTERIC! A SATIRE n wartime we can't afford to encourage

I a non-productive activity in which .. a small hard ball is struck with clubs so a to drive it into a series of holes-' (usually 18) as the game of go lf has been defined_ Golf is not only nOnproductive enterprise but tends to disrupt domestic bliss of a family presided by a "golf-at-all-cost " hubby (assuming that man is still the boss of his household_) We want to be fair ,vith golfbugs generally, but at the same time we'd like to present our side of the story that golf can become baneful. Well, here it goes_ After having trodden the green links for several miles, more or less, and after having turned in an amazing score of 104 net (he received a handicap of 8 points) our golf hound comes home_ Of course, such a score would humiliate any pretended golfer. He C'lmes home because it is too dark to do any more driving,ironing, slicing, mashing, or putting_ (Note: These are golf t e rm s and have nothing to do mth motor cars, laundry, butchery • .~ brewery, or oarpentry _) His enthusiasm hasn' t coo led down , nor i he too tired to try a couple more rounds but for the all-too-soon- darkne _ He curses blankety blank! FiHed with an insatiable zeal Our golf fiend prow Is about the house and finally pi cks up a white object in the kitchen_ In his fuming blind ardor any Iwhite lobject may look like a go lf ball! He lifts tl,e unwilling club and takes a healthy whack. Swash- po£sibly a mild sli ce ! Result - a splash that has

put a new coat of veneer on the furnit"re and fixtures ' His model wife, who has been preparing the dinner, hesitatingly emerges [rom the kitchen and vainly searches for the object which has so mysteriously disappeared. IV' uch to her chagrin (hut she holds her temper) sh e finds the battered and shattered remains of an egg shell smeared with mayonnaise-like stuff pread all over the imitation Persian rug_ Littering the floor with ashes, cigarette stubs, and matches is bad enough. but here's something worse than those domestic sins which are usua lly co mmitted by any spouse. She discovers her only devoted husban~ unconcernedly scribbling something on a piece of cardboard_ Then he carefully wipes the h!\roic golf dub and puts it back into the ;golf bag. T en to celebrate the perfect drive the golf -stricken hubby non chalantly li ghts a certain brand of cigarette whjch smokers generally believe will not irritate their throat s . A golfer 'S throat must be in a hoarseless condition before he can shont FORE ! The timid wife has been watching all these anti cs of her beloved golf (not go ld) hu s band. alld was almost on the verge of protesting or raisi ng the howL They-ve been married only two years, but their ma:rital life seemed to have reached a mental la£situd e: I t isn' t the case of another woman or another man being involved in their domestic tranquility . Rather its th e ca£e of too much golf and neglecting the wife.

Si lence is the better part of domesti c peace, the good wife thought, so she noiselessly re treats to her proper place, namely, the !..--itchen and locks up the remaining eleven cackle balls. Eggs cost 99 sen a dozen (latest marke t price reported ill the " Rooster & Hen, " a weekly poultry paper.) The golf-craze SpOlL~C has wasted 8 t sen worth of eggs_ He <Iidn', mea n to be ex tra vagant, but what's an egg to a co nfi rmed golfer! Their eggs 'ome (rom ome loca l poultry farm and are guara nteed to be ab olutely fresh to the minute_ They don' t consume unbreakable , ice-co ld mai I order eggs. I n this case the tangib le damages in cluded the smearing of the furniture, fixtures, rug, and the brea!..--ing of an egg. Trifle enough. Bnt uppose the wife raised the howl and created a scene. However, in tllis instan ce, th e good wife was tolerant and was willing to und ergo the menta l agony and humilialion. Perhaps a golf-bug reader may protest and ask: " Whi ch is wor_e: a druilk.en spouse or a go lf-craze hubby?-' We're not in a position to judge, but we'd like to ay neither C<1n be ca lled an " ideal husband. ,-

VISIT TOKYO

PHOTO PROCESS ARTISTIC PRINTING OFFSET PRINTING IN LA~GE QUANTITY

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I HEAD OFFICE: WA路KU, OSAKA. ERIE路MATI, RRANCHES:NISIYODOGA路 TOKYii, TAl路 HOKU, SHANGHAI, TIENTSIN, MUKDEN.

XAaU~IKI

XII

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TOKYO SHIBAURA DENKI K. K. NISHI 路 GINZA . TOKYO. NIPPON .

NIPPON-PHILIPPINES

STORY OF.THE SU KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUBMARINE BY HARADA MITUO

here are many shapes of fishes, but the slender ones with both ends poi nted like a cigar can swim fa t because they easily overcome the resistance of the water. A submarine is similarly shaped but has a deck and conning tower in the midd le of its back. A ubmarine rises 10 the surface or submerges by in creasing or decreasing its weigh t. but how i thi done? There are two hulls in a Ilbmarine, and the space between t~e outer and inner hulls constitutes tl,e ballast tanks. The submarine' weight is regulated by flooding these tanks or discharging the water therefrom. (see fig. 1) There are valves on the top and hottom of these tanks. When both valve are opened the water rushes ill from the bo ttom, while the a路r is ejected from the top va lve, and th IS the tanks are till,"d. In discbarging I he water, compressed air is let in from the 101' va lve, which force th.e water ou t frolll the lowe r valve. If a body were of the same density as wa ter, the body can suspend in the water. Therefore, when a submarine ubmerge it rnust ma intain the same den. ity as the wat"r, and the rudder regulates the depth of its dive. Just as an airplane rises or descends by means "f its tail plane and elevator, a submarJOe has rudders on both sides of the bow, which perform similar fun ction. Another rudder which keeps the submarine in horizontal posit.ion is at the

stern of the hip. Steam turbines and die e l engine propel steamers and ordinary warcraft. bu t air and fue l are required to operate such motive power. These motive powers are not fea sible under the water. Therefore the submarine is eq uipped with both the 'diesel engine and the dynamo. The diesel engine is used when the subm arjn e runs on th e surface, while

Sold by

SUZUKI NIPPONDG NO. 3, BAKURO-TYO, NIHONBASI-KU,

TOKYO

the ilynamo operates the boat under the water. Then how is the electric current made available to run the dynamo? There are several storage batteries installed in the submarine with whi ch

the dynamo is operated. In order to recharge these batteries after they are U

run down " a motor is needed.

A dynamo can be made to fun ction by electri c current, and if another motive power is used instead, electric cu rrent is generated . Therefore when the sllbmarine is travelling on the surfa ce, the diese l engine can mn the dynamo which will be used in recharging the storage batteries. The shaft of the diesel engi ne is connected to the dynamo by means of a clutch. And the shaft of the dynamo is in turn connected to the propeller by means of a clutch. But when the dutch between the dynamo and the propeller i disconnected, the batteries can still be recharged, even though the dynamo may not be fun ctioning. When the submarine is under the water I.be operation between the diesel engine and the dynamo ceases, and the dynam.o propels the boat. WI'en the "" bmarine is moving 011 the urface. the dynamo and the storage b芦up-rics are superfluous and therefore become ex tra burden due to their weight. This load retards the submarine's speed to about 21 knots. On the other hand the heavy diesel engine becomes an undue burden under the water, and rerluces its under-surface speed to about one-half because of the water's resistance. The storage batteries, which are unu ually large and numerous, will be quickly discharged when the submarine travels at full speed, therefore it can not remain for any great length of time under the water. When the batteries are

run down " the submarine

DIUSl

come up to the surface and recharge them . This is the submarine's bigge t drawback, butlrecenlly a Dew type of submarine, which can be operated either ubmerged or ou nrface withont batteries or dynamo, was invented. Such a submarine may soo n be put into action,

and it is believed will have more speed and can remain submerged longer than the current type.

NIPPO -PHILIPPINES

BMARINE

;IMPLIFIED We all know that the ubmarine-s chief weapon is the torpedo which is discharged through the torpedo tube by means of compressed air. Usually there are four tube in the bow and two in the rear of the submarine. The submarine sticks out its peri. scope through the conning tower and makes an observation when it arrives at a location where an enemy is likely to appear. The periscope is equipped with a mirror into which the object under observation is reRected. When an enemy ship is sighted its distance, course, and speed are gauged, after which the submarine dive and approaches its victim . The periscope may be regarded as the submarine's eye, but when it is submerged the submarine relies upon the sound detector which can be likened to its ear. With this delicate in trument the submarine can detect by sound the peed, location, size, etc. of the surface ship. Mter the submarinE. reaches the effective range of the target it fires the torpedo.

ubmarin e rises to lh ~ s urface when till" \Vhen the ballast tanks are filled with wa ler, as s hown on the lefl, lhe submarine s ubmerges. water in th e ballas t tank s is dl c har~ ed . Figure 1.

Because the submarine's speed is comparatively slow it can not attack an enemy wareraft by pursuit. Therefore in many c.ases the submarine attacks the enemy by waylaying for its victim along the latter's probable course. As a rule the submarine approaches the enemy as near as po 'ble, but ome~s incurs the risk of being detected and attacked. Nil'Pop's daring and invincilile submarine will hazard such consequence and go near the enemy ships, which accounts for its uccessful ubmarine warfare.

When the submarine i ubmerged compressed oxygen is slowly released to purify the stuffy air in the boat. Because carbonic acid gas is chemically absorbed, the crew on board will not find it difficult to breathe. Of course, there are other devices intended to minimize the inconvenience and discomfortable life on the submarine. It is therefore safe to assume that the submarine prowess of any country can be judged by the capacity of its people to per evere and withstand hardships and the rigors of life that harrlen them for this service.

VERTICAL SECTION OF A SUBMARINE SHOWiNG GENERAL STRUCTURE 1) 2)

TORPEDO TUBES TORPEDOES 3 ) BERTHS OR HAMMOCKS 4 ) STORAGE BATTERIES 5 ) GUN

6) 7) 6) 9)

PERISCOPES BRIDGE HANDLES FOR BAl LAST TANK VALVES CONTROL- ROOM

10) I t) 12) 13) 14)

ANTENNA OR AERIAL CONNING- TOWER HATCH DIESEL ENGINE DYNAMO & MOTOR

IS) 16)

17) 16) 19)

TORPEDO STERN TORPEDO TUBE PROPELLER HORIZONTAL RUDDER LATERAL RUDDER

HOW IT ·IS Wl,at is salvaging ? The raJsmg of sunken slups, or !l,e freeing of slurs which have run aground or stranded on rocks, and the general operations con· nected therewith are generally known as salvaging. Nippon's salvagi ng industry began to take on active shape about 1897, and during a short 'period had made rapid stride in coordination with her advance in maritime transportation. Today Nippon's salvaging techn ique and equip'. ment even surpass thoEe of the foreign cou ntries, and stand out as the world's best. There are many rea ons for this, but one or two may suffice. Salvaging is a battle against the high wind, sto rm and water. The Eeas border· ing Nippon mak .. frequent attacks upon shipring and shipwrecks are of frequent occurrenre. Nippon has not seen fit to abandon sunken vessels, such as the foreign shippers and owners have, 0) might lllwe done, but went through all the trouble of salvaging them despite l'O"tih weather and strong ocean current. These factors can be cited as chief cau· ses which have enhan~ed and added to Nippon's salvaging technique and ex· perience. When a salvaging company receives a distress call a fully equipped salvaging slup is dispatched to the scene of dis· tress. Heavy anchors are attached to large cables, and the slup held fast so that it will not be tossed about by the waves, tide and wind before the work is commenced. There are several me· thods of salvaging, depending upon the

E IN NIPPON depth of water, location, condition and nature of the ship to be sa lvaged. The most common method is to attach several SO路 ton floating tanks or pontoons (9 meters long and 3 meters in diameter) on both sides of the vessel which is to be floated. Compressed air is pumped into these tanks, and as the tanks rise the vessel floats . Smaller tanks of box-shaped are also placed inside the vessel. This method is not so easy as it may be imagined, since many technical difliculties are likely to arise during its operation. When a vessel is sunk every opening in the ship must be sealed and made water-tight and water pumped out of it. This method becomes impracticable if the water is certain height above the deck, in which case sot!le other method must be adopted. Sometimes the outer hull of the tillken vessel is extended to th s路tria ce of the water like a wall S l) as t preven t the outside water from comi.1g Inte> tbe sbip. After this wa ll is built, the watel inside the ship is pumped out to enable it to float. As a praclical matter this method calls for considerable amount of materials and labor, to say nothing of the possibility with which the wall may be desttoyed by waves during operation, and so its application is usually restricted to parts of the ship. In raising small sunken vesse l the " lifting" method is used, by which the ship is pulled up to the surface. It is resorted to in deep-sea sa lvaging, and is the combination of pontoon and com-

pressed air methods. In the com pre ed air method every opening of tile vesse l is sea led and air pumped into the hip amj causing it to float. Nipponese make competent diver because of their stamina, perseveran ce and training. Their role is as equa lly vita l as the fighting services, sin e they

wi ll be ca lled upon ooner or later to help sa lvage the ships sunk during the current war. In addition to the practica l trai ni ng in divi ng, repa iring and other techniques, prospe tive diver are taught shipbuilding, electri c engineeri ng, drafting, mathematics and English.

REBIRTH OF

The " Yasim a iMaru " (94.6 tons), wl1ile plying be tween Kobe and Beppu, sank in a fi erce ga le in the Tnla nd ea on November 20,1933. Pronoun ced a tota l loss, the ship lay at the botlom of the sea for nearly six years. But a certain salvaging firm thought otherwise a nd un rlertook to raise the ill-fated ship , and on June 3,

1939, the battered, mud-and-barnacle-covered hulk of the llip wa raised from her 70-ÂŁ001 watery grave. Imm ed iately repairs and remodelling started, and on Angust 5, 1941 , a trim, white-painted vessel, the " Kosei Maru " (meaning re-born sllir) made her first voyage between Tokyo and ()sima, without a trace of her grim past.

NIPPON-PHILIPPINES

KUSUNOKI MASASIGE GOTO KATUMI The Empire of Nippon is ruled by an unbroken line of Emperors, although the Imperial Family has not always been able to a sume actlUll power. There was a period in the history of Nippon when local chieftains or military leaders actlUllly did or attempted to usurp the Imperial rule. But whether the actual control oJ the government was in the IUlnds of these temporary usurpers or not, the Tenn6 or Emperor was, and'is, always the rightful ruler of the Empire. Anyone who ignores the imperial prerogative is regarded as rebel or traitor. According to histor), political power had been assumed by such f amilies as Soga, Hujiwara, Tazra, Mtnamoto, Hozro, Asikaga, Oda . T oyotomi mw T okugawa. Frequently these regimes bro" f!ht c1Ulos to the country. "et most oj them paid scrupulous heed to I.he fnct that actlUll sovereignt:r Tested with the imperial Family, alld that they were mend), acting as administrative organs or" bakuhu" as some of them were know!!. 0" the other IUlnd there were staunch loyal militar:y leaders who advocated the absolute imperial preroga.ive, alld when it IUls been transcended it must be restored. And oftentimes military campaig lIS were conducted by loyal support~r.' of such cause. In the reign of Emperor Go-Daigo (1318-1 339) the Hozro family was in power as the Kamakura bakuhu, while the Emperor held his court in K:yoto, the then capital.

this period there lived a patriotic military leader During named Kusunoki Masasige who, with his son Masatura, rallied to the loyalist canse. Their adversary was Asikaga Takauzi, a traitorous general under Hozyo bakulm. Takauzi attempted to ursurp the Imperial rule and plauned to invade Kyoto with a llU ge army. The Emperor co mmanded Kusunoki Masasige to prevent Asikaga Takauzi's plot. Masasige was not only a very capable genera l, who bad engaged in many battles against odds, but enjoyed the confidence of his subordinates. He immediately made preparations to combat Takauzi , the rebel. Masasige had a so n called Masatura, who wa then eleven years of age_ Masatura pleadec! with his father to let him

join the for ces s<' thal hp roo migbt have a ehance to attack the rebel. The fatber realized that lhis coming battle might be his last so h.. Sl,1l111l01led Masatura at akurai aud as a keepsake handed to the so n thp. Hoating chrysa nthemum crest dagger which the fath"r h ad received from the Emperor. In this connection Masa ige counselled his son, '- YOll are now 11 years old, and no doubt YOll will listen to what I shall have to say_ The rebe l has a huge army, while ours is small. No amonnt of strategy will enable us to defeat the foe . Theref6re, your father intends to fight to the last and die valiantly. " It is very clear that after my death Takauzi will have his own way_ I want YOll to go back home where mother is waiting and become a full-fledged warrior. Upon attaining manhood you can the n show yom路 10yaIt y to the Empe路ror by exterminating the rebel and thus ease Hi Majesty's mind. This is the greate t filial devotion which you can render to your father. " Young Masatura , however, was adamant and pleaded eantestly, "Father, no matter what YOll may say I ca n't go back withollt doing something! Please le t me accompany you to the battle field so that I can die with YOll."

NIPPON-PH'ILIPPINES

U Even the bud of a bead-tree is fragr ot.

Li ~ewjs

to becom a g reat man , one must be urilliarlt from childhood."

Masasige sternly admonished hi son , " MasatUTa, don' t you understaod yOUT fath er ? Your body belongs to yo u, yet you can't do with it as you please . Have n' t you offered YOUTself to the Emperor? If 0, then your deaU, 00 the battle fie ld doesn' t mean loyalty. After you have lived to be an adult, and have slain the rebel, then you w i II have become a loyal subject. So please go home, and thi nk thi matter over carefully. " Masatura had DO alternati ve but to obey. The parting between the father and son was pathe tic, ye t Masasige stood it grievously. This is the famou story abou t the " Parting at Sakurai " between the loyalist K usunoki and his son. It is aD exemplary classic or loyalty and parenta l devotion. After sending his son home from Sakurai, Masasige and his army marched to Hyogo provin ce, where the enemy's huge combined land and sea forces were waiting. But Masasige remained undistubed as he was imbued with the spirit of a true warrior. Neither did he fear mtmeri al superiority, nor disdained inferior forces. With wisdom and valor of a great general, Masasige showed no sign of weakening. Before taking their position on the field , Masasige advised his younger bro ther Masasuye, " We are ou tnumbered so let's not think about vi ctory or defeat, but let us fight for the sake of loyalty. " The enemy's force tota lled about 500,000 as against a mere handful of 700 for Masasige, Victory was ou t of question so the loyalist troops were determined to die fi ghting, which could on ly be envisaged by men of co urage. This is Nippon's national trait- fight to the last even

against overwhelnung odds. Tills spirit shown by Masasige is manifested in the current war, which accounts for the gallan try and chivalro us cond uct of OUT fighting service. Masasige's forces plunged into the enemy who were repulsed for the time being. Sixteen skirmishes were held , and meanwhile Masasige's force was depleted until only 73 remained. Th ~e co uld have retreated to Kyoto, but they refrained from doing so and fought to the bitter end . Finally they repaired to a farmer's house and committed "harakiri. " Since then Knsunolci Masasige is being he ld up as the example of loyalty to the Emperor. The SO n Masatura had retUTned to his home, and began training to hecome a full-fledged " busi " or warrior. Hisako, the wife of Masasige, was a lady of refin ed training and culture, who had reared the two SOnS worthy of a warrior's offspring. One day the rebel's emissary brought Masasige's head to them, and after seeing it both broke down. MasatUTa wept a he recalled tbe parting scene at Sakurai. As he watched his father's head, the son was very much chagrined that he had not joined his father in the battle fi eld. With suppressed tears Masatura repaired to another room. Feeling somewhat suspicious his mother followed him. Much to her surprise she discovered Masatttra, with the dagger which he had received from his father at Sakurai, about to commit e( harakiri. " The mother rushed forward and grabbed her son's arm and aid, " MasatUTa , what does this mean? There is a saying

NIPPON-PHILIPPINES that even the bud of a bead-tree is fragrant. And likewise in order to become a great man, one must be brilliant from childhood. You certainly ought to be able to understand tltis. Father didn' t want you to follow him after his death, so he sent you back from Sakurai. Neither did he expect you to commit

harakiri. "

" Didn't your father tell you that after his death you should gather up reinforcement from among the members of our family and retainers, and fight the rebel, and ease the Emperor's mind? Tltis was your father's parting advice, wltich you yourself told me, but now you seem to have forgotten it. With such an attitude you can't be expected serve the Emperor. Moreover I fervently hope that you will not bring dishonor to your father's name ." The mother took away the dagger from Masatura's hand. Masatura threw himself down, covered his face and wept. Sin ce that incident Masatura followed his father's counsel and his mother's teachings. Even willie playi ng with his friends Masatura would pretend taking the adversary's head. " I've taken rebel's head! " he would shout. At other time he would ride on stilts and shout as if from horseback, " Takauzi, you can' t get away !" And thus the young Masa tura even in IDS play constantly bore in mind the need to crush the traitor. During the evenings Masatura would study war strategy through famous war books, while his mother remained nearby and helped her son. As predicted by Masasige, Takauzi began to run rampant and there was no one who could overthro w him . After the lapse of t<'n years when he was 22 years old_ Masatura was prepare" to attack Takauzi, th rebe l. He reported his preparation to the spi..-it of his fath r and bade farewell to his Dloti ,er. ccYfJli. io l nice in your warrior's outfit," the mother C1!mpJimented. "f'm S\lYe your father will be pleased. When yo u m>'-et the enemy don t conduct yourself in a cowardly manner 00 ." 'c i)nng ciJSI,'lace upon your father. Now you can go through " noble death. This is my last word," the good mother counselled Masatura. First she had lost her husband, and noW she was about to lose her beloved son, yet like a true Nippone e mother the thought of allegiance {orbade her to shed tears. But at the final parting between the mother and son she could not hold hack her tears, for motherly love eventually overcame her. When Masatura was out of sight, lhe mother wept-perhaps like all mothel s. Masatura and his men emerged victorious in battle after battle, and finally he too met a heroic death. He was 23 at the time of his death. But the loyalty of the Kusunokis for two generations is being venerated by every Nipponese. They are enshrined and looked upon as the highest example of loyalty. The essence of Nippon's martial spirit consists in defending the country and in loyalty to the Emperor. Our nationality is based on the idea of the Imperial Family as the head family of the Nipponese race whi ch conviction has crystallized in to a loyal sentiment of devotion and attachment similar to the sentiment felt by children for their father. This spirit which regards the Imperial Family as our head and centre is our national spirit. The Nipponese Empire founded by the Imperial Ancestors on broad and everlasting basis, in which the subjects are united in loya lty and filial piety from generation to generation.

CHEMICAL Our ideal was and is, to contribute to the welfare of mankind through the production and investigation of scientific medicinals.

Outstanding Yam anolJchi produ cts include th . follo wing:

ALBASIL Dimeth yl sulfanily l-sulfanilantide_ Supplied in tablets, powder a nd a mpnles.

BlUKLAN A water-soluble bismuth antisyphilitic, for hypodermic injection.

Autohormon of blood-vessels, for artetial sedation in high blood pressure. Supplied in ampules.

DAI NIPPON EIGA SEISAKU KABUSIKI KAISYA ( Dai Nippon Motion Picture Co., ltd.) Presents

~~'DAWN

Of, ~ EGODS"

A bund musician. who lost both of hi. eye sights in the war, is sandwi ched between music and love. He gives up 10'/e, but wi th an undaunted determina· tion he composes a noasterpiere which rekind les confidence in himself despite his physical disabIlity. After graduating from a musical ara· demy Kitagawa Sa huro, an aspil'ing

young musi ian, becomes a music teacher at a rural girl ' school. The stu· dents become attached to Jum because of his winning personality. One day , wh.ile directing a local factory's brass band, he meets Tutida Akiko , daughter of the fa tory owner. Later Kitagawa is called to the color, and in a fierce battle somewhere in the

southern regions, he loses both eyes. After returning from the front he gives up hope of continuing as a music tea· cher, but makes up his mind to become a musical composer despite Ius blind· ness. Encouraged by his friends and sister, as well as by Akiko , who is devo· ted and sacrificing as ever, h e plans to \ rite a masterpiece rnusica l composition .

In spite of Akiko's undying devotion for him, Kitagawa feels that he is unable to make her happy because of his physical hanclicap. Upon completing his composition, Kitagawa bids farewell to Akiko and comes to Tokyo. Through the recom路 mendation of his benefactor, Kitagawa's musical composition is published and his fame suddenly spreads. Then for the first time he feels confident that his blindness is no handicap, and that he can fa ce the world as any normal in clividual. He accepts Akiko's love which he previously felt he did not deserve.

NIPPONGO II

f.J ~ f.J

(8 ) BY ISIGURO YOSIMI fIrst oi all iearo the following words.

We U, have

YOll

?~?OI

learned them?

is a particle whi ch denotes the nominative case.

;t indica tes the objective case and is

also a particle. 1J~ ..~

write

I write a leller.

I rend a le lle r .

" (pc) , J (n) , -{ (i) , ~ (lei), :r: (e) , t: (pi) , ':/ (tu It slt in English]) , 1J (ka) , :. (mi), 7 (htl) (- indi ca tes a long vowel. 7 - hii , or hUll), I" (to), T (te), ~"'T (kine), n (ha),

with, by I write a letter with a p en.

rT5I you, T= wlwt tl is an interrogative particle. With what do you write a letter'?

"J~?~ "J rj~ "J

'\:; '\:;

TD=.;t Tf.J'=.;;t

13=t=7A ' 13=t=7A 13.

I write a le tter with a p e n.

Do you write a letter with a p en '?

,,-<

yes

For answer wc generally

mit the words in the parenthesis,

Yes, I write a le tter wit

I:;C'!) T"

rt~ "J

("J~ ?~ "J)

1 - I,

(r; ~?~ "J)

-<-I

tl*~EJ

a pen.

TD =. ;t

1:l=f7 A 13.

(Th' =. ;t)

I:;C'!)

'\:; T"

(T f.J' =. ;;t)

13 =t=7'E:;.

13 =t=7 A'

do not write

Do y ou write a letter with a p encil '? N o, I do not write a letter with a p eucil.

I write a letter wilh a pe n .

tl*~A

write

tl*~EJ

do nol wri te

3~~A

read

3~~EJ

do not read

-<V~A

to post (a letter)

-<v~EJ

do not post (a letter)

I\'J~A

put (a stamp on)

IW~UJ

do not put (a stamp on)

As yon can sce, in Nippongo we do not insert any word to express the negativc ,

Il is expressed by

a little altcration of ~A to ~UJ '

7- 1--- (..1 jl3) into, in

/ Ttl

I pllt the letter into the envelope.

"J~?~ "J (/

~I)

7-1--- (..1 r~JI )

=t='.:JT;t

In Nippongo, however, wc generally omi t

I put a stamp On

t ~e

}\IJ7A. (..I rJ I)

envelope.

Some of the stamps which are being uscd in Nippon today are shown on lOp of the page.

(ga, or nga), '7 (wa) , 51 (ta), ? (ku), 01 (si Ishi in E nglish]) , ;t (0), (a), "t (na) , (ni), 13 (sc) , v ('Te)

(ma) , A (Stl) , if. (de) ,

t: J A:J

post b01'

I pul Ibe leiter iuto the pOSI box. OW

th!:ll , I ,,"iU explain about the tenses of the

nil in the J'" eut tenoe.

The verbs here tofore given were

past tense

n~~~

write

n~?:J5I

wrote

::;~

read

3~? :J5I

read

-(1I77<.

post

-("'?:J5I

posted

pUl

J\lJ?A

verb .

T he pa t tense is as fo Uows.

present lc,:se

ippo ne~e

(n stamp on)

1\ IJ ? :J 51

pllt (a stamp on)

The present tense ends ,vilh ?~ nml lhe past with ?:J5I. of Ellglish or Fr II ch the

ipponese i

In co mpari

011

with the verb co njugation

more regular alld simple.

?t51 'J

Have you written Ihe le u er? Yes, I have" rilten I e leUe,路.

~\.I

who

is a parti cle which ,Jenote. purpo e or dire lioll.

~\.II

to whom

To whom did yo u wrile'1

'J 51?:';

I" '1:117 fnellr!

~/_

[ wrote a lettta'

my friend.

[ wrote a leite r

my frie nd in Tokyo.

yesterday

<,,)'rl" IJ?OJ5I

from

received

<")'rl" IJ?~

receive

Yes te rday I r eceived a le tte ,' from m y friend in Tokyo.

'J 51?:'; 'J I r ead the leiter from m y frie nd.

TOJ5I

tomorrow

'"\'J:J

answer

n~?OJ"'-

slwll (wiil) ItTite.

Tomol"row I will write all answer to my friend.

~ (ela) , ~ ..

IJ (ri) ,

~ (yu),

(bi) ,

(kyo) , 7 (ra) . <") (u), 'r (ke).

/\ (ba) ,

:J (ko),

'I: (mo) ,

(Ii [chi in English]) , I

(e) ,

r1J"",;;,

the day after tomorrow

r"~

tomorrow

'!' .. '!'/-

today

:;tH1'

the day before yesterday

yesterday

Tense

Example

- .,

present

- .,,,

past

- .,,, . -

fu ture

- ., - ., " - ., " . -

~ ~

Even in spealcing of the future, in Nippongo when the context is clear enough we frequently use the present tense such a

'J~?"J

r;;'T

'TD=..

t.J'r 7 "J ~ -

r-CI

1 n)

'J'9?"J 'J

'TD=.. :;t-

'J 51?:" 'J

?'TT ~

nT -:;;- :"'~,l 路

'J~?"J

T'.:J'T

J\ IJ ? :; ~

"J51?"J 'J

:ff3=.

l - C"JJ\:J

1 v7 "J~ -

J (./ Tn)

1v7 ~-

address

I n Nippongo the addre

is written as below -

= f-"J '.!J

r-T3-"J

~Tij1'J1T3='.!J

:J-:J7T?

~-ijn

CJI,

f-"J ' 7-( IJ '.!J C"J "J1'

The order of writing the address is exactly the opposite to that of English, but it is more convenient for the post-man.

" :;tJ~=>. - "

is Messrs.

regardless of sex, married or single.

When the letter is addressed to an individual " 1J"., " is used

(Tlris is written after the name.)

The given address is that of the publishing ollice of this magazine.

If you have any comments or

requests we wonld be very glad to hear them - in Nippongo if possible. Furthermore , if you wonld like to have any pen friends it wo nld be a great pleasure to introduce them to you. ,,(he) ,

(zi [ji in English) ,

m (po),

English)), ~:>. (tyu Ichu in English]) .

=",;tb:'i :J-of 8

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NIPPON·PHILIPPINE

MANILA, TOKYO} OSAKA

HEAD OFFICE

PHILIPPINE SOCIETY OF lAPAN • A Foundational Juridical Body Incorporated for the Purpose of Promoting Better Relations Between Japan and the Philip pines OFF:CERS : President · . . . . .

· l\l arq uis Tokugawa Yorisada Viscoun t Oka bc agakoge · Viscount Bosin o l\l nsuaki · Lie ut.-Gen. Ha rug uli Ba lu taro · Kimura Atus i

V ice-Preside nt . . . Chailf'moo of the Board of Directors'

Ma nag ing Director Manag ing Director ·

. . .... . .

HEADQUARTERS : KANSAI OFFICE: KYUSYU OFFICE:

32 Gazenbo. Azabu. Tokyo 31 -1 Utihonmati Hasizume. H igasi. Osaka Mori Heibee. Manager. 88 Hanabata. Kumamoto Hurusyo Kenziro, Manager.

DuenON OF I

acc~racy and cleanliness Sutf"pyridine . 1',"w b ~ Chemotherapy in pne umococcal, gono路 coccal and other infections.

Amip),rt'tir and ftnalgf".sic

F ebrile infections, phthi sis, septicemia,

headache, migraine. e tc.

Synthetic follic ular HormornGenital diseases originated in diminished or defici ent ovarian function .

Quininl' pllu Strychnine for malariu Malaria, acute pneumonia, influenza and general tonic, etc.

E p~cific

in mnebic dysenterY

Amebic dysentery (acute and chronic) , wounds, serious colitis, etc.

Water $olub/~ bismuth compound For treatment of all cases of syphilis angi na and framboesia

Head OjJi.ce: Osalm Nippon Branches, Agencies and Correspondents: T oIIYO, Keijo, TaihollU, Mukden , H sinl(in g, H arb in, Pelling, Tientsin, Tsingtao, Shanghai, H an lw w, Macassar, Manila, Banglwl', Ha noi, Saigon, Haiphong, Syonan, Djawa, Han goon, etc.

TANABE GOHEI & Cable Address:

co.,

.. GOHETANABE OSAKA"

LTD.