Design Energy Futures: Xiong'an 1.3

雄 安

1.3 XIONG’AN

DESIGN ENERGY FUTURES

设计 能源 未来

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

致谢

REVIEWERS 评审 Lori Brown Ted Brown Julia Czerniak Roger Hubeli Molly Hunker Randall Korman Anne Munly Daekown Park Michael Speaks Fei Wang Zigeng Wang Abingo Wu Shuo Yan TEXT EDITING 文字校对 Michael Speaks Julie Sharkey Fei Wang TRANSLATION 翻译 Yixuan Xin Qingyang Yu Ying Zuo Wentao Zeng BOOK DESIGN 书籍设计 Common Name Fei Wang

雄 安

1.3 XIONG’AN

DESIGN ENERGY FUTURES

设计 能源 未来

DEAN’S INTRODUCTION 院长序言 4

DESIGN | ENERGY | FUTURES 设计 | 能源 | 未来

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INTELLIGENT VS SMART CITIES 智慧城市与 “智能城市”

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SYRACUSE AND XIONG’AN 雪城与雄安

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XIONG’AN, CITY OF UPCYCLE 雄安，环保之都

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RESEARCH 研究

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FASHION FOLLOWS WASTE 时尚追随环保 RECONSTRUCTING MEMORY 重构记忆

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BLUEDOT 蓝点

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A CIVIC LANDSCAPE 市民景观

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CATHEDRAL PURITY 纯净圣所

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FOOD URBANISM 食物城市

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BUBBLE UP - BOTTLE UP 塑昧瓶生

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GAME OF RECYCLING 回收游戏

DEAN’S INTRODUCTION

DESIGN ENERGY FUTURES

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Slowly, over the last half century, and more rapidly during the last decade, urbanization, climate change, and technological disruption have combined to shape an ever more volatile and unpredictable world. And yet it is a world more interconnected and interdependent than at any time in human history. In this new world, ENERGY has become increasingly important and changes, even small-scale ones, in energy production or consumption, have national, regional, and often global implications.

Under pressure to address contemporary energy concerns, architects and urban designers have begun to develop strategies intended to reduce energy use at all stages of the design process. Sustainability, the most important and well known of these approaches, emphasizes the efficient management of resources and offers dramatic improvements over wasteful past practices. But in today’s volatile, inter-connected and interdependent world, such approaches are insufficient. And that is because sustainability is inherently conservative, focusing on the present rather than on what might exist in the future, on what is rather than on what might be.

Science fiction writer William Gibson rather presciently remarked some years ago about the future that it “is already here, it is just not evenly distributed.” The future, then, is not distinct from the present, but is instead part of a marbled temporality where future and present coexist but do not overlap.

Extrapolating from Gibson’s observation, we could say that the future is the name we give to all that we cannot know in advance, all that is

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unpredictable and uncertain. The future is real but inaccessible and it shapes all that we are and can become. And it is in the eddies and swirls of this unevenly distributed future, in the vortices of uncertainty and unpredictability, that we find inspiration to DESIGN the solutions required to address the energy challenges we face in the 21st century. Unsatisfied with the present, DESIGN is an inherently future-oriented practice. At its best, DESIGN speculates through an iterative, prototype-driven process to pose and solve problems unanticipated by the problems of the present.

Whether final built designs, or versions produced along the way, all designs are temporary, provisional solutions. We thus give the name FUTURES to these design prototypes—versions and final design alike—as each is not only a solution to an existing problem, but each is also a means by which to interrogate existing problems and formulate unanticipated problems and solutions. FUTURES are thus designs—industrial products, buildings, and urban designs—but they are also provocations that anticipate the unknown, the unpredictable, the future.

DESIGN ENERGY FUTURES names a disposition towards this new world. But it also names a new research and design program at Syracuse Architecture that leads to a Master of Science (MS) in Architecture. Led and coordinated

by Professor Fei Wang, the program focuses on energy and the built environment with research and design projects ranging across many scales, from urban design to high performance buildings, from VR and computational simulation to

material research and product design, and across a range of disciplinary practices.

Students are directed for the duration of the program by faculty actively engaged in externally sponsored research and design projects, and have numerous opportunities for research internships with faculty, affiliated offices, and industry sponsors. The program requires the completion of 30 credit hours, typically over the course of three semesters.

Coursework consists of two required studios paired with a research seminar and a series of electives meant to complement the studios. Applicants holding a professional degree in architecture, landscape architecture, urban design or urban planning are encouraged to apply. Applicants in related disciplines, including management, engineering, geography, graphic and product design many also be admitted at the discretion of the admissions committee in consultation with program administrators.

Michael Speaks, Ph.D. Dean and Professor Syracuse Architecture

DEAN’S INTRODUCTION

设计 能源 未来

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渐渐地在过去的半个世纪中，特别是在 过去的飞速发展的十年间，城市化、气候变 化和技术的负面影响等，使得整个世界更加 动荡不安和不可预测。然而，当今世界比人 类历史上任何一个时代都更为相互关联和 彼此依存。在这个新的世界中， “能源”变得 越来越重要，即便是小规模的能源生产或者 消耗，都可能产生国家，区域，乃至全球范围 的影响。在当前越来越重要的能源问题的重 压之下，建筑师和城市设计师已经开始发展 出更加有效和更为强大的策略来减少各个 设计阶段的能源使用。可持续性，也就是众 多策略中最重要的和众所周知的方式，强调 了有效的资源管理和提供了对过去浪费性 实践的戏剧性的改善。但是，面对我们这样 一个动荡的、相互联系和相互依存的世界， 这种方法是远远不够的，因为可持续性专注 当下而非未来，专注确定性而非可能性，它 的本质是保守的。

科幻小说家威廉•吉普森在若干年前 就颇有先见之明，他声称： “未来已经在这里 了，它是不均匀分布的。 ”未来与现在并没有 区别，都是拼贴在一起的瞬间的一部分，未 来与现在并存其中但不重叠。从吉普森的观 察中推断，我们可以说，未来是我们不能提 前知晓的，所有这一切都是不可预知也是不 确定的。未来是真实的，是不可接近的，但它 又时刻影响着我们自身及我们能够成为的 将来。在这些不均匀分布的未来漩涡中，在 不确定性和不可预见性当中，我们找到灵感 去“设计”面对二十一世纪能源挑战的解决 方案。不满足于现在， “设计”天生是以未来 为导向的实践。在理想状态下， “设计”通过 推演、迭代、原型驱动的过程，提出和解决当 下问题所不曾预期的问题。无论最终的设计 能否建成，或是一路而来不同的设计版本， 任何设计都是暂时的和临时的解决方案。因 此，我们将设计原型（不同的设计版本或者 最终的设计）命名为“未来”。它们不仅是针 对现有问题的解决方案，也是研究现存问题 而构想不曾预期的问题和解决方式的一种 方式。 未来就是设计——工业产品、建筑和城 市设计——而且，同样也预测未知的，不曾预 测的，未来。

“设计 能源 未来”定义了面向这个新世 界的战略计划。它也是美国雪城大学建筑学 院专注于研究+设计的研究生课程，最终获 得建筑理学硕士学位。由王飞教授带领，通 过跨越多尺度的研究+设计项目，这个硕士 学位课程着重于能源和建造环境，涵盖了从 城市设计到高性能建筑，从虚拟现实和电脑 模拟到建筑材料的研究和产品设计，并且涉 及了多个学科和领域的实践。

在此研究生学位课程就读期间，学生由 教授指导，将积极地参与到外部资助的研究 与设计项目，同时也有大量参与教授多元研 究实习的机会。此学位课程要求学生完成三 十个学时，一般需要三个学期。课程设置包 含两门设计必修课和与之平行的一门原型 思维研究研讨课，以及一系列辅助于设计+ 研究设计课项目的选修课。申请者需要具有 建筑、景观建筑、城市设计或者城市规划的 职业学位。然而管理、工程、地理、环境学、平 面设计或者产品设计相关专业的申请者，也 可能在招生委员会和项目管理层的联合评 估之后得到录取。

迈克尔•斯皮克斯 博士 雪城大学建筑学院 院长及教授

DEAN’S INTRODUCTION

INTELLIGENT VS SMART CITIES

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Over the last three years, I have followed closely the discussion and the launch of the new BeijingTianjin-Hebei Integration Plan, or Jing-Jin-Ji, and, like many others, find it to be among the most exciting and ambitious planning projects in the world today. I have had the distinct honor and pleasure of serving as a professional advisor on large planning competition juries in Hebei Province, and on projects related to Jing-Jin-Ji, including serving as a Professional Juror on the Qinhuangdao Master Competition, in Qinhuangdao, China, in October, 2018, and serving as juror on the Xingtai Grand Theater & Xingtai Science and Technology Museum International Architecture Design Competition in Xingtai, in July 2019. I have also visited the Xiong’an New Area many times and had the privilege to view in person the new Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 this last May. The scale, ambition and impact this latter plan will have on China, and the world—for this plan is an experiment from which all planners can learn—cannot be overstated.

What is more, while this is a single initiative, and we can identify the plan as though it were a singular plan, its development, implementation and evolution over time will not be singular, but will instead consist of an almost incomprehensible number of microscopic plans, the results of which, when aggregated, will form an incomprehensibly large knowledge base of planning and “design intelligence.” In aggregate, these micro-plans form the larger body of the more comprehensive Master Plan for Xiong’an 20182035, and it is these micro plans and the knowledge they produce

that enable the overall plan to “learn” and evolve over time.

What is thus perhaps most exciting about new Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 is that it has the potential to avoid many of the problems associated with the kind of conventional, fixed master-plans with fixed expiry dates.

Rather, the Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 has the potential to become the largest, most comprehensive, “living plan” in the world and in human history. What does that mean? And how can Master Plan for Xiong’an 20182035 avoid the problems associated with 20th Century Master Planning?

In my view, for the Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 to achieve its full potential, it must not be considered a fixed, final, ideal plan meant to be completed in 2035.

Instead, the Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 should be considered a “living plan” that learns and evolves over time, and that has no shelf life or termination date.

That is to say it should be a plan that is intended to incorporate new information (at the micro and macro level) as it evolves, learning, in the process, and thus becoming more robust, more responsive and thus more resilient to the many challenges facing such large planning efforts, including, and especially those factors (such as climate change) that cannot be predicted in advance and thus cannot be calculated as part of an ordinary master plan. The key is to focus on time, interactivity and learning rather than space, inflexibility and completion.

The Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 must thus distinguish

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DEAN’S INTRODUCTION

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itself from conventional master planning and from many of the assumptions of such planning that dominate the so-called “smart cities” being developed around the world today. Indeed, most so-called “smart cities” are developed based on the kind traditional master planning that has dominated strategy and planning in the West for more than one hundred years. Planners executing so-called “smart cities” use big data to implement what are essentially conventional 20th Century Master Plans.

In contrast to these quantitatively-driven, “smart cities,” the Master Plan for Xiong’an 20182035 has the potential to become a living plan based on “design intelligence” rather than on big, dumb data, that is to say, based on knowledge quality not on data quantity. If we think of planning as a process rather than as a fixed thing, as a living, learning organism rather than as a fixed, dead plan to be developed and implemented, then there are three components: Software (the ideals of the plan); Hardware (the infrastructure, buildings, bridges, etc. that get built); and Orgware (or organizational ware, an evolving, quasi-tangible structure that translates Software into Hardware and that learns and becomes more intelligent in the process).

The so-called “smart city” uses big data and algorithms to more quickly and seemingly, more efficiently, implement the ideals of the plan. In other words, the smart city uses data and algorithms to turn software into hardware.

Importantly, and significantly, there is no “Orgware” in the development of smart cities. Why is this import-

ant? Because without “Orgware” the plan does not learn; it does not incorporate new knowledge created as it builds Hardware (buildings, bridges, etc.).

Instead the so-called “smart city” plows forward toward completion. Smart Cities are space based while Intelligent Cities are time based. The smart city’s purpose may be to transform software into hardware but it is doomed to fail because smart city planning is not intelligent; it does not learn, and thus it cannot evolve and change over time and become more robust, more resilient, and thus more adept and sophisticated in the way it achieves the ideals of the plan.

Ultimately, the inability of the smart city to learn and evolve will, like the master plans of 20th Century modernism in Europe and America, will call into question the very ideals of the plan itself.

My hope is that the Master Plan for Xiong’an 2018-2035 will become an intelligent, not a smart, city. There is great evidence that this is already occurring. And I look forward to following, with great interest, the progress over time.

Michael Speaks, Ph.D. Dean and Professor Syracuse Architecture

DEAN’S INTRODUCTION

智慧城市 与 智能城市

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在过去的三年里，我一直密切关注新北 京-天津-河北（即京津冀）的协同规划的讨 论和启动，像许多其他人一样，我发现这是 当今世界最令人兴奋和雄心勃勃的计划之 一。我曾作为专业顾问和评审专家，有幸参 与了很多位于河北省以及与京津冀地区有 关的大型规划项目，包括2018年10月担任 秦皇岛总体规划竞赛的评审专家，2019年7 月担任邢台市大剧院和科技馆国际设计竞 赛的评审专家。我也多次访问雄安新区，并 在今年5月份有幸亲身参观了新的河北雄安 新区启动区、起步区控制性详细规划（20182035年）的公示。

雄安规划的规模、雄心以及影响，毫不夸 张地说，对中国和世界来说，都将是一个所 有规划师都可以学习的试验。更重要的是， 这个规划是一个单一行动，我们姑且将这个 规划认为是一个单一的计划，但随着时间， 这个规划的发展、实施和演变将不会是单一 的，它将包括几乎难以想象数量的微观尺度 的规划，最终这些微观尺度的规划汇聚在一 起，将形成一个难以想象的关于城市规划及 “设计智慧”的大型知识库。这些微观尺度 的规划组合在一起，形成了一个更大、更复 杂的雄安新区规划，也正是这些微观尺度的 规划及其产生的知识，为整个雄安新区规划 能够随着时间的推移， “自我学习”并不断发 展提供了基础。这也许就是雄安新区规划最 令人兴奋的地方，它有可能避免那些传统 的、固化的、有确定规划期限的城市规划带 来的许多问题。相反，雄安新区规划有可能 成为世界上和人类历史上最大、最全面的“ 活的规划”。这意味着什么呢？雄安新区规划 要怎样能避免那些与20世纪时期城市总体 规划相关的问题？

在我看来，雄安新区规划（2018-2035 年）要实现其全部的潜能，就一定不能被当 作一个已经完全确定的、最终的、理想的计 划，并计划在2035年实现。相反，雄安新区 规划应被视为一个“有生命的规划” ，没有有 效期或终止日期，而是随着时间的推移而不 断学习和发展。也就是说，雄安新区规划在 学习和发展中要主动吸纳各种新信息（微观 和宏观层面），在此过程中，变得更强大、更

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具响应性，能更有弹性地应对这种大型规划 工作所面对的挑战，特别是那些无法提前预 测（如气候变化） ，所以在常规城市规划方法 中无法考虑计算到的因素 。“活的规划”的 关键是聚焦时间、互动性和不断学习的可能 性，而不是空间、不可更改性和目标的完成。

雄安新区规划必须区别于传统的城市 总体规划、以及那些基于很多假设的规划， 譬如那些在当今世界各地盛行发展的、所谓 的“智能城市”。实际上，这些大多数名义上 的“智慧城市”都是基于那些传统的、在西方 已经盛行了一百多年的城市总体规划策略 和方法，规划人员采用大数据来实现这些所 谓的“智能城市” ，但这些规划本质上还是传 统的20世纪时期的城市规划。

与这些数据量化驱动的“智能城市”相 比，雄安新区规划有可能成为一个基于“设 计智慧”的“活的规划” ，它不依赖于那些大 而愚蠢的数据，它是基于知识的质量而不是 数据的数量。如果我们将城市规划视作一个 过程而不是一个已确定的事情，视作一个有 生命力的、具有学习能力的有机体而不是一 个确定的、不变的计划去开发和完成，那么 城市规划将由三个部分组成：软件（规划的 各种想法）;硬件（城市建设的各种基础设施， 建筑物，桥梁等）;和斡件（或称为组织管理 系统，即不断发展的、相对有形的管理结构， 能将软件转换为硬件，并在此过程中不断学 习并变得更加智慧）。那些所谓的“智能城 市”使用大数据和算法，以期更快、看似更有 效地实现规划的各种想法。换句话说，智能 城市想使用数据和算法将城市软件（规划思 想）转换为城市硬件（建筑物，桥梁等）。但重 要的也是显而易见的是，这些智能城市的发 展中没有斡件（或组织管理系统）的组成。为 什么这很重要？因为没有斡件（或组织管理 系统） ，城市规划就不会学习，它无法吸纳那 些在创建城市硬件（建筑物，桥梁等）时所获 的新知识。那些所谓的“智慧城市”是像犁一 样，被拉向要完成的方向，它是基于空间的， 而智慧城市则是基于时间的。 “智能城市”目 的可能是将城市软件（规划思想）转化为城 市硬件（城市建设），但它将注定是失败的。 因为”智能城市”的规划一点也不智能，它不

会学习，它不会随着时间的推移而变化，不 会变得更强大、更有弹性，也无法用更熟练 和富有经验的方式完成理想的城市规划。最 终， “智能城市”由于其无法学习和持续发展 的特性，就像欧美国家20世纪的现代化进程 中的城市总体规划那样，将导向对规划方案 本身的自我怀疑。

我希望雄安新区规划（2018-2035年）成 为一个“智慧”而不只是“智能”的城市。现在 充分的证据表明，雄安新区正在正确的道路 上迈进，我非常感兴趣地期待着雄安新区规 划的未来进展。

迈克尔•斯皮克斯 博士 雪城大学建筑学院 院长及教授

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XIONG’AN NEW AREA AND BEIJING-TIANJING REGION

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XIONG’AN NEW AREA

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Syracuse Architecture Professor Fei Wang and MS and BArch students working in Xiong’an in the Summer of 2018

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Syracuse Architecture on Courtyard Houses Renovation in Xiong’an in the Summer of 2018 (Illustration by Minglu Wei)

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Syracuse Architecture Dean Michael Speaks and Professor Fei Wang presented Xiong’an 1.1 in XIong’an and Shenzhen IBR in December 2018

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Syracuse Architecture Dean Michael Speaks and Professor Fei Wang presented Xiong’an 1.1 in XIong’an in December 2018

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Syracuse Architecture Dean Michael Speaks and Professor Fei Wang presented Xiong’an 1.2 in XIong’an and Shenzhen IBR in June 2019

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Syracuse Architecture Alumni Minglu Wei and Ying Zuo (BArch ‘19) worked in Baita Village of Xiong’an in summer 2019

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Xiong’an 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 exhibited in Seoul Biennale of Urbanism and Architecture 2019

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Xiong’an 1.0 - 1.3 exhibited in Shenzhen Urbanism and Architecture Biennale 2019

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XIONG’AN, CITY OF UPCYCLE

环雄 保安 之 都

INTRODUCTION

XIONG’AN: CITY OF UPCYCLE

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China is currently developing a new area in the Beijing-TianjinHebei region that is meant to transform the north in the same way that the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone transformed the south and the Shanghai Pudong New Area transformed the east of China.

Established in April 2017, Xiong’an New Area is located about 100 km southwest of Beijing. Its primary function is to serve as a development hub for the Beijing-TianjinHebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) economic triangle. Additionally, “non-core” functions of the Chinese capital are eventually expected to migrate here, including offices of some state-owned enterprises, government agencies and research and development institutions. Xiong’an will spur economic growth and support many of Beijing’s non-governmental functions.

As the government states, the establishment of the Xiong’an New Area in Hebei province is a major historic and strategic choice made by the Communist Party of China Central Committee with President Xi Jinping as the core. It (the decision to set up the new area) is a strategy crucial for a millennium to come. The area will span three counties that sit at the center of the triangular area formed by Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei’s provincial capital, Shijiazhuang. The area has many positive geological advantages, convenient transportation, an excellent ecological environment, ample resources and room for development. It has an initial phase development area of 100 km2, extending across 60 villages in Rongcheng and Anxin. The New Area will eventually expand in the future to more than 2000 km2.

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The move will relocate functions from Beijing that are not related to the capital, explore a new model of optimized development in densely populated areas and restructure the urban layout in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

Xiong’an is unarguably the most ambitious urban planning initiative to emerge in the new century and is defined by seven major tasks: 1. To build a world-class, green modern, and smart new city; 2. To become a city with a scenic ecological environment, blue skies, fresh air, and clean water; 3. To develop high-end, innovative industries as new growth engines; 4. To create quality public services and infrastructure as well as a new urban management model; 5. To establish a fast, effective, and green transport network; 6. To initiate structural and institutional reforms that stimulate market vitality; 7. To open up to the outside world and become a new platform for foreign cooperation.

Aiming to be the city for the future of China, and a model city for the world, Xiong’an New Area aspires to become a future city of zero-waste, zero-landfill and ecofriendly. Collaborating with the Shenzhen Institute of Building Research, Syracuse Architecture faculty and students have worked on research and design projects in Xiong’an from regional, urban, landscape and architectural scales during the past three years.

In Fall 2019, Syracuse Architecture’s Master of Science Studio taught by Professor Fei Wang focused on “Waste.”

Students researched on global issues of waste, waste management, and landscape and architectural design of waste management.

Each team proposes a design strategy on waste management under the Xiong’an new master plan by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP (SOM) and Tom Leader Studio (TLS), which was revealed in June 2019. Throughout the semester, students visited world-renowned architecture and landscape architecture offices in New York City, which designed many incredible and inspirational waste management projects, and visited various sites there. They also participated in a series of workshops given by faculty and practicing professionals. The studio relied heavily on social, political, historical, economic, cultural, environmental and technological aspects of Xiong’an.

This enabled students to produce speculative urban waste management projects in response to the needs of the new Xiong’an communities. The final projects range from waste water treatment, a recycling facility, and a waste-energy-power plant, to construction waste recycling, and food waste reuse in urban farming.

This book continues the work and ambition of Xiong’an 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 to use advanced, interdisciplinary design and research methods to create innovative, energy-efficient designs for the city of regeneration.

Fei Wang MS Program Coordinator School of Architecture Syracuse University

INTRODUCTION

雄安： 环保之都

38

39

在过去的七十年间，中国以前所未有的 速度和效率实现了城市化和现代化。与此同 时，中国需要投入大量的努力来解决当前及 未来的能源效率、交通拥堵、废物处理、水和 空气污染等问题。

雄安新区成立于2017年4月，位于北京 西南方约100公里处。其主要功能是将成为 京津冀经济三角的发展中心。与位于中国南 部的深圳经济特区和东部的上海浦东新区 并行，雄安新区将作为中国北部地区的经济 引擎，促进京津冀地区的协调发展。此外，作 为“北京非首都功能疏解集中承载地” ，一些 国有企业、政府机构和研发机构的办公室将 逐渐迁移至雄安新区。

雄安新区的建设是中国中央委员会以 习近平主席为核心的“重大历史和战略选 择”。 “建立新特区的决定是一个对未来千年 发展至关重要的战略。”该地区位于北京市 中心西南方约100公里，横跨位于京津冀三 角带中心的三个县。该地区具有突出的地理 优势，交通便利，生态环境优越，资源丰富且 发展空间广阔。雄安新区的首期开发面积为 100平方公里，主要包括容城县和安新县的 60个村。未来的新区域规划将最终扩展至 2000平方公里。

雄安新区的成立将逐步把与首都无关的 功能迁移出北京市区，探索在人口密集地区 优化发展的新模式，并对京津冀地区的城市 布局进行调整。雄安新区是21世纪城市规划 项目中最具雄心的一项，这其中包括七个主 要任务： 1. 建设世界级的绿色、现代化的智慧型 新城市; 2. 成为拥有优美生态环境的城市; 3. 发展高端创新产业，将其作为新兴的 经济引擎; 4. 拥有优质的公共服务、基础设施，以及 新的城市管理模式; 5. 建立快速、高效、绿色的交通网络; 6. 推动市场的结构和体制改革，以激发 市场活力; 7. 扩大对外开放，成为对外合作的新平 台。

作为中国乃至全世界的城市范例，雄安

新区计划建成零垃圾、零填埋的生态城市。 三年来，与深圳建筑科学研究院的合作，雪 城大学建筑学院的师生进行了区域、城市、 景观和建筑尺度的研究与设计。

雪城大学建筑学院2019学年秋季学期， 由王飞教授所带领的建筑理学硕士生们进 行了“垃圾”问题的深入研究。学生们研究了 全球垃圾问题，垃圾处理以及相关领域极具 创意和突破的建筑与景观。每一组同学提出 在SOM和TLS所规划的启动区和起步区详 细规划的基础上垃圾处理问题的研究。整个 学期中，学生们赴纽约参观了设计了世界著 名垃圾处理项目的建筑及景观设计事务所， 以及在纽约的这些代表项目。他们也参加了 多个由教授们以及实践家所开设的相关工 作坊。这门设计课的研究也非常关注雄安社 会、政治、历史、经济、文化、环境以及科技的 因素。这帮助了学生们展开了雄安未来社区 需求的城市垃圾处理问题策略。最终的方案 极其有宽度和深度，包括污水处理中心、回 收中心、垃圾发电场、和建筑垃圾回收利用 和城市农场你的湿垃圾再利用等等。

本书是《雄安1.0》、 《 雄安1.1》和《雄安 1.2》的延续，旨在将先进的设计、研究方法 与批判性、生产性思维相结合，服务于未来 全球的节能设计。学生有机会在推动着创新 研究与实践的多学科交互背景下打磨他们 的作品。我们的目标是通过创造更好、更可 行的居住环境，提高新时代的居住水平与生 活质量。

王飞 雪城大学建筑学院 建筑理学硕士主任

40

Associate Dean Julia Czerniak Workshop “Waste“

42

MS Studio Review with Dean Michael Speaks

43

44

Dean Michael Speak and Professor Fei Wang with MS Class of 2020

45

MS Students Visited Covanta Onondaga Waste-to-Energy Facility, Syracuse, New York

46

Type of Waste

GARBAGE COLLECTION

SEGREGATION OF GARBAGE @ TRANSFER STATIONS

GARBAGE

LANDFILL

WASTE TO ENERGY TREATMENT

RECYCLING

TRANSPORTED TO STORES

47

COMPOSTING

RETAIL STORES

HOMES

1. Build in different factories 2. Human activities/ industrialization generates waste.

3. Identify in different types of garbage can 4. The garbage truck take the waste to the garbage transfer station 5. Some sold waste will be sent to recycling center 6. Some hazardous waste will be buried in landfill.

7. Some organic waste will be reused in compost and energy plant.

8. Some useful material will be sent to manufacturing facility for recycling them.

9. After processing the new product will be sold in stores 10. Go back to our home

48

Health / environmental concern

HDP, most used resin

-1953-

Sources: World Bank, Sloactive, Solid waste managment, National Geographic, What a waste 2.0, OECD bans importing waste

CHINA IMPORT -2017 - China

-2008- A waste sorting technology is developed in France called MIR

SORTING WASTE

-1992 - The waste management law is promulgated in Japan requiring reduce, reuse and Recycle

2000

Glob a

2010

ycling l Rec

50 MILLION OF E-WASTE

2000

Global food waste (1.3 billion tons) is around one third - 2011of the food produced Global plastic production reaches -2014300 million tons 10-20 million tons of plastic end up in oceans -2015267 species have suffered for ingestion or entanglement of marine debris Electronic waste increases a 20% from 2015 -2017-

FOOD WASTE PLASTIC PRODUCTION OCEAN POLLUTION

GLOBAL RECESSION

1990

WASTE LAW

countries pass legislation enlisting waste that cannot be imported

WASTE IMPORT -1992 - Many

BASEL CONVENTION

-1989 Adopted by 150 states to stop movement of harzadous waste from one country to another

1990

The MSW decreased momentarily -2009-

1980

1980

USA MSW

Pensylvania

1970

GLOBAL WARMING

1970 -1959This concept is introduced as a waste policy: The importance to reduce waste

WASTE HIREARCHY

RECYCLED PAPER -1972- 1st recycling mill is built in

as the symbole for reduce, reuse and recycle

LOGO -1965- The Mobius Loop is intriduced

RECYCLE -1964- Cans are made of recycled aluminium

1960

1 BILLION MSW

GUIDE

-1959- ASCE publishes a standard guide to sanitary landfills

1950

to mass produce cellphones

1960

PET, is used in beverage and -1973food cotaniners

1950

1st PET BOTTLE MOBILE PHONE IMPORTING WASTE

COMPUTERS

PLASTIC BOTTLES

IMB 65O, is the first mass produced -1953-

to srupport the war effort

1940

EPA confirmed a link between -2000global warming and waste USA generates an average of 2 kg of waste per person a day -2008700 kg per person a year

Waste generation

PLASTIC

DUMPSTERS -1937- Dumpsters are invented TRUCKS -1938- Garbage trucks incorporate a hydraulic compactor RECYCLE -1940- Metals, rubber and nylon are recycled

0.5 Billion

l GDP

Globa

s)

lat

Po pu

(Trillio n

Ur ba n

2 Billion Persons / USD 50 Trillion / 1 Billion Tons

Global Municipal solid waste -1993surpasses 1 Billion Tons.

Policies

1940 1930

Countries like China and India are -1980importing waste from North America and Western Europe

Waste management

r) 1920

is developed

(Tons per yea 1930

The production of plastic is tripled due -1942to war, funding and the material versatility

1920

XEROGRAPHY

1910 1910

computer

Global Munic ipal Solid Waste

Copy process is developed -1938-

1900

LDP, resin is developed -1933- PLASTIC BAGS

1 Billion

Sources: World Bank, OECD 1900

MOTOROLA, is the first company -1973-

2 Billion

History of Waste

ion

s)

on

(Bi lli

MSW, RECYCLE AND COMPOSTING, GDP AND URBAN POPULATION SINCE THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 4 Billion Persons / USD 100 Trillion / 2 Billion Tons

3 Billion Persons / USD 75 Trillion / 1.5 Billion Tons

1 Billion Persons / USD 25 Trillion / 0.5 Billion Tons

Global Municipal Solid Waste (Million tons)

Global Recycle and Composting 2010

(Million tons) 2020

- co

mp ost in

2020

ons g (T

2030

HISTORY OF WASTE SINCE THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

per )

r yea

2030

49

MX

CA

Global Flow of Waste

US

PY

(2018)

(2016)

BR

0.96 (2018)

1.94 (2016)

20.4 16.0 USA:

SN

From Western Europe

CI

0.55 (2018)

0.62 (2016)

UK:

4.94 (2016)

GH

FR

NL

NG

DE IT

AT

EG

0.73 (2018)

0.52 (2016) 0.53 (2018)

IN

(2016)

0.47 (2018)

0.05

THAILAND:

0.28 (2016) 0.36 (2018)

3.85 (2016)

INDIA:

VIETNAM:

GERMANY:

(2016) PL 3.05 1.32 (2016)

TH MY ID

0.37 (2016)

From Western Europe

AU

0.91 (2018)

MALAYSIA:

0.40 (2018)

1.52 (2016)

(2016)

0.89 (2018)

1.77 (2016)

6.40

JAPAN:

(2018)

E-WASTE (million tons)

PLASTIC WASTE (million tons)

PAPER WASTE (million tons)

WASTE FLOW IN TIME

HK VN

JP HONG KONG:

CN

0.06

7.50 (2016)

(2018)

(2016)

28.5 22.0 CHINA:

50

Waste Production

Ratio in Global Waste Managements

5.6% 60.7%

16.8% 4.0% 1.0% 11.9%

7.9% 68.0%

Recycled

17.3% 10.1% 1.0% 0.6%

Organic

Recycled

Paper

Organic

98.4%

Paper

Incinerated

Landfilled

89.9% 10.1%

Incinerated

35.2% 21.3% 30.2% 8.1% 1.5% 3.6%

35.2% 21.3% 30.2% 8.1% 1.5% 3.6%

Plastic

Plastic

1.6%

Landfilled

1.6% 0.4% 7.9%

34.7%

Glass Metal E-Waste

57.0%

Dicarded

Glass Metal E-Waste

81.7%

4.7% 0.5% 1.5%

2000

2015

Dicarded

Source:World Bank & International Telecommunication Union (ITU) & OECD & Our World in Data

Waste Rate Around The World

Sweden

Waste Management and Production

United Kingdom Switzerland

India

Waste generation rate kilogram per capita Total population by Country Waste rate million tonnes High

51

Japan

United States

Low

Source: worldpopulationreview.com, World Bank, European Environment Agency, The economist

China

2.5% 0.5% 7.0%

Classify some waste as fertilizer

Composting

Littering in ocean

Animal feed

Consumer used

Agriculture

Atomosphere

Treatment of Waste

High technology technique

Make profit

Pollution

Output gas

Incineration

Process of factory

Discard/Transport

Landfill

Recycling

52

Treatment of Waste

Atomosphere

Co

tr ns W

u a s c ti o te n

Magnetic separation

Separation in factory

Separate by humans

Fe

Fe

Non-ferrous metal

Ferrous metal

Usable parts

Atomosphere Amonium

Sulfide

CO2

CH4

CO

Iron Dissovled Solid

10,630,000 tons 5.8%

over years

Sulfate Manganese

Leachate

Cl-

CaCo3

Leachate collector

Heavy Metal

Underground water (data of China) Excellent(10.1%)

Sodium Leachate harmful chemical composition non-harmful chemical composition

Good(25.4%)

well of gas collector vegetation soil plastic liner

trash

leachate collector plastic liner gravel and drainage

underground water

53

Bad(45.4%)

Very Bad (14.7%)

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

UNITED KINGDOM

JAPAN

GERMANY

CHINA

SWITZERLAND

TAIWAN

NETHERLANDS

SWEDEN

INDIA

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Waste Management (Regulations)

SWITZERLAND SWEDEN GERMANY NETHERLANDS UNITED KINGDOM CHINA INDIA JAPAN TAIWAN

Household Waste

Plastic & Metal Waste Glass & Paper Waste Hazardous Waste Other Waste

54

SWITZERLAND

China

Taiwan

Germany Japan

Japan

1991 - Packaging law (Duales System Deutschland) 1997 - Law for the Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging 1998 - Specific Household Electrical Appliance Recycling Law

Ban On Manufacture Ban On Free Distribution Ban On Import

55

Ban On Manufacture Ban On Free Distribution Ban On Import Ban On Manufacture and Free Distribution Ban On Manufacture and Import Ban On Free Distribution and Import Ban On Manufacture, Free Distribution and Import

India Germany

New York

2000 - Landfilling ban 2017 - Stop accepting contaminated recycling from the world 2018 - Restricting the use of single-use plastic bags, straws, utensils, and cups - Anti-Plastic Laws (Thickness requirentmments) 2019 - New Packaging law (Without proper registration, producers or retailers must not offer the packaging) - Pass“The Food Donation and Food Scrap Recycling Act”

Ban On Import Ban On Free Distribution and Use Ban On Manufacture and Import, but not Distribution and Use Ban On Manufacture, Import, and Distribution and Use

No Ban / Data not found New Law Proposed Partial Ban

Ban On Manufacture and Free Distribution Ban On Manufacture and Import Ban On Free Distribution and Import Ban On Manufacture, Free Distribution and Import

Ban On Import Ban On Free Distribution and Use Ban On Manufacture and Import, but not Distribution and Use Ban On Manufacture, Import, and Distribution and Use

No Ban / Data not found New Law Proposed Partial Ban

Share of landfilled waste versus total waste generated (%) 93 82 63 43 31 12 0

Waste Management (Energy)

Source: What a Waste 2.0 (World Bank Group)

Share of wte waste versus total waste generated (%) More than 35% 25%-35% 15%-25% 5%-15% less than 5%

Source: What a Waste 2.0 (World Bank Group)

56

57

Source: What a Waste 2.0 (World Bank Group)

Sw

itz e

rl a nd

en

0.

2%

0%

y

G er m an

Sw ed

n

0.

9%

1%

ds

la n

1.

1%

1.

0.

8%

iu m

lg

Be

pa

ar k

nm

Ja

De

Ne th er

1.

4%

No

ay

rw

3.

4%

M on ac o 5%

to ni a

Es 7.

4%

ay

Sw e

.1 %

.2 %

51

51 .4 %

n

a

de

ni

52

4%

52 .6 %

52 .

ar k

do rra

Es to

An

No rw

De nm

Ta iw an

%

ud a

64 .2

Be rm

67 .6

%

Ja

pa n

Br itis h

80

in

.2 %

Vi rg

Is la

M on ac o

nd

85

80 .3 %

%

Sweden

Germany

USA Ireland

UK

% OF WASTE SEGREGATED IN DIFFERENT CATEGORIES

100%

France

LandďŹ lled

Austria Italy

Spain

Turkey

Greece

Incinerated 50%

Australia

Mexico

Composted

Japan

South Korea

Finland

Recycled 0% Source: What a Waste 2.0 (World Bank Group)

INCINERATION PROCESS

Electricity

Steam Drum Combustion

Steam Turbine

End products

Generator

Boiler cooler

Material Process

heating

desalinization

Spray dryer Bag House

Waste

Pit

Fly Ash

Environmental Controls

Water Vapor Co2

Induction fans

Grate Landfill Metals

Bottom Ash

Waste-to-Energy Treatment

Aggregate

PYROLYSIS PROCESS Recycled non- condensable Medium BTU gases

INCINERATION PROCESS

Electricity

Stack Exhaust Organic Waste

Steam Drum

Cyclone

Combustion Scrubber

Steam Turbine

End products

Generator

Boiler cooler

Material Process

heating

desalinization

Spray dryer Feed Preparation Grinding & Chopping Pyrolysis Reactor

Quench System

Bag House

Waste

Recycle Gas Blower

Pit

Fly Ash

Char Collector

Environmental Controls

Water Vapor Co2

Induction fans

Grate Bio-Oil Storage Unit

Landfill Metals

Bottom Ash

Aggregate Source: National Environment Agency, Multiple Sources

PYROLYSIS PROCESS Recycled non- condensable Medium BTU gases Stack Exhaust

58

Organic Waste

Cyclone Scrubber

Feed Preparation Grinding & Chopping Pyrolysis Reactor

Quench System

Recycle Gas Blower

Char Collector Bio-Oil

Waste to Energy Plants Potential Plants

Existing Plants CHP (Combined Heating Power Plant) Electricity only Heat only Capacity (Millions tonnes / year) 1.5 1 .5 .1

Source: What a Waste 2.0 (World Bank Group), CEWEP

Landfill Locations in USA /DQGÈ´OO 6WDWXV Open Close

$UHDV $FUH

1 500 1000 1620

WtE Locations in USA Plant Capacity 100MW 1MW

59

Map of Alaska

Source: US Energy Information Administration

(10,000 Years)

10,000 The ocean covers over 70 percent of the surface of our planet, and it play an important role for life on earth. Most of oxygen we breathe from oceans and it also provides world’s water supply.

That’s why keep ocean clean is important for us. We found that there are many type of wastes to ocean and the most terrible one is plastic. We will focus on it.

N

Glass

Plastic SOLID WASTE

Metal

Oil spill LIQUID WASTE

P

Nutrients

Sewage

Trash

Toxic Chemicals Pesticide GASEOUS WASTE

(600 Years)

1,000

Yangtze Body

(450 Years)

Yellow

(100 Years)

100 Hai He

Industrial Waste

Asian Pearl

Household trash

Amur

10 5 1 YEAR MONTH

6

Mekong Agricultural Waste

Indus

Africa

(20 Years) (12 Years)

3

(2 Months)

Ganges Sewage

Niger

0

(10 Days) Banana peel

(4 Weeks) Toilet tower

Apple Core

Cigarette butt Plastic bag

Aluminum can

Plastic bottles

Fishing line

Styrofoam

Nile Oil spill

WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM: 90% of plastic polluting our oceans comes from just 10 rivers How Long Does It Take Garbage to Decompose?

NPR | Following Garbage's Long Journey Around The Earth

Amur

East

80,000T

West

Waste in Water

16,400T

60

21,020T

Great Pacific Garbage Patch

South Pacific Gyres

South Atlantic Gyres

Indian Ocean Gyres

North Atlantic Gyres Reference: Surface plastic mass by ocean basin, 2013

(T=Tonnes)

23,150T

56,470T

Nile

Hai He Yellow River Indus Ganges

Mekong

Niger

12,780T

59,130T

Yangtze Pearl River

Plastic used

Total Production

Recycled

Discarded

Incinerated

Where Plastic Go?

%

0.0006

269,000T

80%

Surface ocean plastic

4,600M

12%

5,800M

%

70

700M Incinerated

8%

One Time Use Plastic

20%

500M

100M

Recycled then incinerated

8,300M 30% TOTAL Global plastics production

2,300M 300M

40% 100M 20% Recycled still in use

Recycled then discarded

2,500M

Fate of the Plastics

250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0

Recycled

Cumulative Plastics Production

8000000 7000000 6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0

Entangled Ingestion

Current global plastics production with recycling and incineration (tons) Anticipated global plastics production without recycling and incineration (tons)

61

?

(M=Million Tonnes)

Reference: Global plastic production and its fate (1950-2015)

Incinerated

Landfill

Natural enviroment Deep Ocean

Primary plastic still in use

Discarded

50%

Straight to landfill or discarded

Waste in Water

Coastal Inputs

Impervious Surface in Watersheds

Fishing Intensity

Shipping

0.6-0.4

0.4-0.2

0.2-0.1

>0.1

1-0.6

>1

Top Sources of Plastic Ocean Waste (Estimate for 2010, in million metric tons)

62

Both Law on Marine Litter and Voluntary Work

Voluntary Work

Law on Marine Litter

2014 Marine Plastic Garbage Clean Up and Countries Prohibiting Land-Base Materials Causing Marine Litter

63

64

MS Students Visited Newtown Creek Waste Water Facility, Brooklyn, New York

66

MS Students Visited Field Operations, New York

67

MS Students Visited West8, New York

68

MS Students Visited Seldorf Architects, New York

69

MS Students Visited Ennead Architects, New York

70

MS Students Visited Newtown Creek Waste Water Facility, Brooklyn, New York

71

remove

waste

remove

landfill

factory

green space

wetland

ruin

green space

landscape

sightseeing

drain

forest

rest space

forest

economy

space

pollution

reclaim

restoration

communication

appointment

waste

green space

forest

rest

exercise

waste

landfill

factory

green space

wetland

ruin

green space

landscape

sightseeing

drain

forest

rest space

forest

economy

space

pollution

reclaim

restoration

communication

appointment

waste

green space

forest

rest

exercise

recreation

recreation

restaurant

population

fishes

compost

birds

children

pet

photography

sightseeing

fishing

population

hiking

birds

drain

restaurant

fishes

dam

fishes

landfill

ship

transportation

Incineration

forest

parking area

P

fishes

birds

children

pet

photography

sightseeing

fishing

hiking

birds

dam

drain

green space

compost

landfill

record

ship

transportation

Incineration

recreation

green space

forest

parking area

record

P

recreation

Factory Area

Processing Area Rock Bund

Transportation First Phase

Second Phase

Movement of waste Island Area

Ocean Area

Landfill Area

Bukom Island

Factory Area

Singapore

Processing Area Rock Bund

Transportation First Phase

Second Phase

Movement of waste Island Area

Ocean Area

Landfill Area Sudong Island

Research on Wasteland of Landfills

Pawai Island

Senang Island

Factory Area

Processing Area Rock Bund

Cell 3

Sebarok Island

PHASE ONE

Cell 2

Cell 1

Transportation First Phase

Second Phase

Cell 11

Movement of waste Island Area

Cell 7

Ocean Area

Cell 6

Landfill Area Cell 10 Cell 8

Cell 4 Cell 5 Cell 9

72

green space

wetland

layered systems

vegetation

landscape quality

green space

landfill

remove

waste

environmental impact

forest

forest

recreation

reclaim

restoration

habitat

hiking

cycling

fishing

population

space

green space

landfill

waste

environmental impact

factory

landscape quality

green space

landfill

remove

waste

environmental impact

forest

forest

recreation

reclaim

restoration

habitat

hiking

cycling

fishing

exercise

park

scenery

sightseeing

pet

communication

social facilities

family

remove

vegetation

layered systems

compost

exercise

space

park

scenery

sightseeing

social facilities

family

remove

vegetation

landscape quality

green space

landfill

layered systems

compost

waste

environmental impact

factory

forest

gas collection

water collection

pollution

communication

green space

layered systems

vegetation

gas collection

population

water collection

wetland

water collection

pollution

landscape quality

green space

pet

green space

water collection

forest

recreation

recreation

Water Element Terrace Vegetative Soil Green Areas Social Building Pathways

Existing Woodland Mixed Woodland Swamp Forest Bosque Grove Wet Woods Recreational Turf Turf Meadow Successional Meadow Wetland Salt Marsh

Existing Green Areas Mounds Lowlands Wetlands Open Water Water Collection Water Basins Gas Collection DSNY Operations Facility

203 ft

76 ft 0 ft

Trash Mound

Forest

Terrace

Green Areas Park Territory Open Water NYC Roads Vehicular Circulation Vehicular Circulation (Alt A) Vehicular Circulation (Alt B) Vehicular Entrance New Parking Lot Pedestrian Circulation Pedestrian Entrance Hiking Trail Biking Trail Ferry Path Ferry Stop

DETAILED PLAN

TOPOGRAPHY

MASTER PLAN

73 landfill

waste

gravel

plastic liner

concrete layer

facilities

water irrigation system

water collection

gas recycling

adapting walls

Recyling facility

74

Research on Wasteland of Deindustrialized sites, Military buildings & Artefacts

Municipal Involvement

Pollution

Municipal Involvement

Pollution

Reduction of waste

Reduction of waste

GOVERNOR’S ISLAND

GOVERNOR’S ISLAND Restoring land

No economic return

Restoring building

No economic return

Enviromental remediation

Restoring land

Restoring building

Enviromental remediation

Real estate development

Eye Contamination

Real estate development

Reuse, not remove

RUHR MUSEUM / ZOLLVEREIN

Tourism boost

Topography relevancy

Vandalism

Eye Contamination

Reuse, not remove

Vandalism

Topography relevancy

RUHR MUSEUM / ZOLLVEREIN

Economic Return

Circulation

Tourism boost

Cultural events

Cultural events

THE HIGH LINE Waste of resources

THE HIGH LINE

Renewed Identity

Fitting with surrounding

Waste of resources

Public safety Lack of memory

Nature self expression

Lack of memory

Abandonment

The Intercontinental Hotel

IMPACTS

ISSUES

CONSTRUCTION Phase 1: 2006-2009 Phase 2: 2009-2011 Phase 3: 2011-2014 CIRCULATION Access points

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Original steel structure Additional levels

INFLUENCES Building development 2005-2013 Building development 2013-2019

PROGRAM Activities in highline Vegetation Interaction with buildings

Land Use

Major connection Intermediate connection

Minor connection PROGRAM Private areas: Hotel rooms Governor’s Island Museum Public areas: Restaurant, bar,Ruhr Complex lobby, conference room, etc. The High Line

Activism Movements Exaltation of nature

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Slope stabilization Foundation IMPACTS Steel structure + Concrete slabs Steel structure + Glass roof and façade

Additional program

DESIGN STRATEGIES

CIRCULATION Horizontal circulation Vertical circulation

BEFORE

LEGEND

Creating habitats

BEFORE

Ruhr Museum Complex The High Line

DESIGN STRATEGIES

Nature self expression

INTERCONTINENTAL SHANGHAI WONDERLAND

Governor’s Island

Additional program

Abandonment

Public safety

Major connection Intermediate connection Minor connection

Activism Movements Exaltation of nature

ISSUES

Renewed Identity

Fitting with surrounding

LEGEND

Creating habitats

INTERCONTINENTAL SHANGHAI WONDERLAND

Economic Return

Circulation

Exterior recreational areas:The Intercontinental Hotel Lake and green areas PERFORMANCE Microclimates: Green roof, green areas and lake AFTER

AFTER

Abandoned rail line before 2006

BEFORE

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Slope stabilization Foundation Steel structure + Concrete slabs Steel structure + Glass roof and façade CIRCULATION Horizontal circulation Vertical circulation

BEFORE CONSTRUCTION Phase 1: 2006-2009 Phase 2: 2009-2011 Phase 3: 2011-2014 CIRCULATION Access points

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Original steel structure Additional levels

INFLUENCES Building development 2005-2013 Building development 2013-2019

PROGRAM Activities in highline Vegetation Interaction with buildings

Land Use

BEFORE

PROGRAM Private areas: Hotel rooms Public areas: Restaurant, bar, lobby, conference room, etc.

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Slope stabilization Foundation Steel structure + Concrete slabs Steel structure + Glass roof and façade

Exterior recreational areas: Lake and green areas PERFORMANCE Microclimates: Green roof, green areas and lake

CIRCULATION Horizontal circulation Vertical circulation

AFTER

Abandoned quary PROGRAM Private areas: Hotel rooms Public areas: Restaurant, bar, lobby, conference room, etc.

Exterior recreational areas: Lake and green areas PERFORMANCE Microclimates: Green roof, green areas and lake AFTER

AFTER

BEFORE

Built from 2005 - 2013

Abandoned quary

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Slope stabilization Foundation Steel structure + Concrete slabs Steel structure + Glass roof and façade CIRCULATION Horizontal circulation Vertical circulation

BEFORE CONSTRUCTION Phase 1: 2006-2009 Phase 2: 2009-2011 Phase 3: 2011-2014 CIRCULATION Access points

STRUCTURE / BUILDING SYSTEM Original steel structure Additional levels

INFLUENCES Building development 2005-2013 Building development 2013-2019

PROGRAM Activities in highline Vegetation Interaction with buildings

Land Use

PROGRAM Private areas: Hotel rooms Public areas: Restaurant, bar, Slope stabilization lobby, conference room, etc.

Exterior recreational areas: Lake and green areas

Foundation

PERFORMANCE Microclimates: Green roof, green areas and lake AFTER

AFTER

75

Built from 2013 - 2019

76

Research on Waste Recycling Facility

Truck Circulation

Parking

Pedestrian Cars and Bikes Trucks Rail Barge

Zoning / Bubble diagram Landscape Truck Entrance Concrete Filled Plateau Parking Structure Materials - Concrete - Metal

Fac

Zoning / Bubble diagram Landscape Truck Entrance Concrete Filled Plateau Parking Structure Materials - Concrete - Metal

Aluminum

77

Aluminum Pa

78

Research on Waste-to-Energy Facility

System diagram of waste reuse architecture

Recycled House, Bogota Oscar Mendez

Other components

Plastics sheets

Factory process After 4 steps, it becomes over 8 different types of recycling material

Melt

Grind

Pour

Air pollution

New technology design

Cylinder (Beam)

Bricks

Moulds

Unique structure

Cylinder (Column)

Waste pollution

Construction waste

100

Providing houses

160

tonnes of plastics has been recycled Waste pollution

Plastics waste

Reduce pollution

Wheat straw waste

90

Factory process

tonnes of plastics can be recycled each month (8/25/2016)

Units design

Recycled construction material

House deficit

Factory process

House deficit

35%

Recycled construction material

House deficit

In 2013, about families of cundimarca

1400 square meters has

Lego-like design

Providing houses

Residents construct

Commercialize

Unable to employee

270

Benefit economy

Benefit economy

Landscape bricks

Train residents

Health

Benefit economy

Train residents

Cause and effect relationship

Unable to employee

over people settled down because of the project

cundimarca residents start to classify plastics by themselves

Commercialize

Poverty

been built

Poverty

Lego-like design

Residents construct

Providing houses

didn’t have home

Construction bricks

Units design

Reduce pollution

750

tonnes of plastics can be recycled

Reduce pollution

Souvenir

Waste pollution

tonnes of plastics are thrown in Bogota every day

only

Absorb smog

Plastics waste

Health Threat realize the waste

Sponstaneously reduce pollution

Health Smog Free Tower

Depression High construction efficiency

Contain relationship

Recycled House Rebirth Brick Project

Recycled House, Bogota Oscar Mendez

Plastics sheets

Roof

Bricks Building wall

Cylinder (Column)

Combination of beam and wall Combination of wall and column

Cylinder (Beam)

Other components

Joint

Combination of beams and column

Foundation structure

Entrance

Recycled House, Bogota Oscar Mendez

Research on Waste Reuse

House type 1

This type of house is mainly used for public activities, like set information desks or make relax places. The former space is intentionally equiped with stairs for the convenience of entering and leaving.

Structure

Bricks analysis

Column

Landscape bricks

Assembly

Construction bricks

Acticities

Floors

Plan

Stairs

Function: Public activities Acreage: 35m² Population capacity: No limitation components Estimate

bricks 210

columns&beams 17

plastics sheets 36m²

nails 88

foundation 12

Smog Free Tower Daan Roosegard

Recycled House, Bogota

Form A

Oscar Mendez

House type 2

Form B

Plan

Top

79 This type of house is designed for daily living in order to settle down people as many as possible. Sometimes it also aims to adapt tiny site space, because, in Cundimarca, there are large area of forest.

Perspective

Top

Elevation b

Elevation a

Perspective

Function: Resedential Acreage: 116.16m² (for each row) Population capacity: 12 (for each row) components Estimate

bricks 2,050

columns&beams 53

plastics sheets 108m²

nails 220

foundation 21

Elevation a

Elevation b

Washing Transport

Washing Transport

Open Parking Ground

Open Parking Ground Washing Street

Reduction of Green Space

Water level Water Reuse

Gathering

Sewage Treatment Sanitary Waste

Policy

Bank of River Construction Rapid Urbanization

Flooding

Power

wastewater Treatment

Policy

Sewage Treatment

OUTCOME

Clean River

Bio-soil Power

wastewater Treatment

Electric Reuse

Concrete Embankment

ISSUE

Park

Flooding

Lack of Public Space

Heat

Recreational Use

STRATEGIES

Bank of River Construction Rapid Urbanization

Electric Reuse

Concrete Embankment

Research on Waste Water Treatment

Water Pollution Sanitary Waste

Bio-soil

Garden

Domestic Waste

Pollution

Clean River Economy

Lack of Public Space

80

Park

Education Stinky Smell

Garden

Water Pollution

Watering plants

Sediment Deposition

Society

Domestic Waste

Pollution

Washing Toilet

Health Ecological Balance

Education Stinky Smell

Economy

Water Reuse

Gathering Enviroment Watering plants

Sediment Deposition

Society

ISSUE

Washing Toilet

Health

Enviroment Ecological Balance

Washing Street

Reduction of Green Space

Water level

Recreational Use

STRATEGIES

OUTCOME

Heat

ISSUE AND STRATEGIES SYSTEM Washing Transport

Watering farm Washing Street

Agriculture

Wash animals

Biosolid Water Reuse

Washing Toilet

Restroom

Education

Enviroment

Heath

Enviroment

Water reuse Water Planting

Watering plants

Household

+

Kitch Education Society

River

Stinky Smell Garden Bath

Industry

Industry WasteWater

Stucture Material

Sewage Treatment

Clearn River

Society

Water treatment

Household

Drink Water

Economy Flooding Laundry

+

Lack of potable water Bio-soil Politics

Population

Power

Swimming

Walking dogs

wastewater Treatment

Business

Politics

Need Public space

Water playing

Park Restaurant

Electric Reuse

Heat

Running

Optical Fiber Rain Pipe

Heavy Rain

Typhoon

ISSUE

STRATEGIES

OUTCOME

ISSUE

STRATEGIES

OUTCOME

Structure - Steel - Column Program - Administration center - Muti-function sapce and Events Active place - Circulation - Education Center - Purification Pond and Fluid water - Plants Context - Water treatment - Mechanical Room - Public Center - Landscape - Ponds

Water ponds Landscape

Context - Water - Park with Landsacpe - Residential nearby - Public walking path - Private traffic path

Materiality - Steel - Aluminum Louvers - Concrete - Glass

Water Quality Water Quality

8 B

7

9

6

4 3

5 2

1

A

1 Waste Waster Entry 2 Preliminary sedimentation tank 3 Bio-chemical Treatment 4 Secondary sedimentation tank 5 Blower Room 6 Maintenance Room 7 Anaerobic Digestion Room 8 Disinfection and Discharging 9 Mechanical Room A Water resources education center B Community Centre

Watertreatment processing Step 1 – Intake Step 2 – Enhanced Coagulation, Sedimentation Step 3 – Ozonation Step 4 – GAC Filtration Step 5 – Secondary Disinfection & Storage

Structure - Steel - Column

81

Program - Administration center - Muti-function sapce and Events Active place - Circulation - Education Center - Purification Pond and Fluid water - Plants Context - Water treatment - Mechanical Room - Public Center - Landscape - Ponds Materiality - Steel - Aluminum Louvers - Concrete - Glass

Materiality - Concrete - Brick - Glass - Steel plate

Drink Water

River

Economy

82

Zigeng Wang Workshop “Narrative“

83

Review of Zigeng Wang Workshop “Narrative“

84

MS Studio Final Review

85

86

MS Studio Final Review

87

88

MS Studio Final Review

89

MS STUDIO

The growth in production amount and inappropriate management of waste has been a challenging issue worldwide. Currently, there is a widely-used and relatively effective facility that can convert waste into energy. By incinerating waste and recycling metal materials, bottom ash and aggregate will be produced then landfilled.

Although this cannot fully resolve the polluting issue, it contributes greatly to the ocean environment by reducing the pollution from direct landfill and sea dumping.

Xiong’an is the third Chinese special economic zone after Shenzhen and Shanghai Pudong, which is currently being developed by the Chinese government.

Xiong’an is located in Hebei Province, which is close to Beijing and Tianjin. The fundamental function of Xiong’an is to relieve Beijing from its non-capital functions. The Chinese government places great expectations on Xiong’an to be a model city in China and even around the globe by proposing a series of objectives such as intelligence, clean, sustainable development and so forth. As for waste management, the government emphasizes and proposes the specific ambition of 100% waste harmless treatment, 45% of domestic waste recycled or incinerated and

90

0% landfilled.

The traditional waste to energy facility cannot reach the demand needed to fulfill the “zero landfilled” target. What is urgently needed is further retreatment to recycle the byproducts that are supposed to be landfilled. Through a series of research, two main programs are introduced in my proposal: a fly ash brick factory and an aggregate concrete factory, both of which will foster a more comprehensive and thorough treatment system.

As Xiong’an will be the model city of China, waste to energy in Xiong’an should also be model facilities. Apart from practical functions, the educational function of this facility is also revealed in my proposal. The main functions of this facility are decomposed into parts within reasonable scale, and a sequence of space for visitors is added on top of the decomposed facility. The visual connection between the facility and the space for visitors prevents disturbance of the industrial production and offers the opportunity for visitors to observe the process of waste management. With the aim to attract people to come and stay in this sequence of space, it’s placed on the ground floor along with cheerful fashion shop programs.

FASHION FOLLOWS WASTE

Qingyang Yu

时 尚 追 随 垃 圾

91

垃圾产量的不断增长和不正当的垃圾处 理长期以来一直都是世界范围的一大难题。 现在一个广泛使用并相对有效的处理方法 是建造垃圾焚烧厂，用以焚烧垃圾发电，回 收金属，得到飞灰和骨料，并将他们填埋。这 一处理方式并不能完全解决污染问题，但大 幅降低了直接填埋或倾倒至海洋所造成的 污染。

继深圳与浦东之后，中国政府正在建设 第三个经济特区-雄安新区。雄安位于河北 省，靠近北京天津，其主要功能为帮助疏解 北京的非首都功能。中国政府对这一新城给 予厚望，对它提出了“智能，清洁，可持续”等 一系列的目标，希望它能成为中国乃至世界 的一个范本城市。在垃圾处理方面，政府特 意提出“所有垃圾都无害化处理+45%生活 垃圾回收利用+零填埋”的具体目标。

针对雄安“垃圾零填埋”的目标，传统的 垃圾焚烧厂已无法满足需求。需要对需要被 填埋的副产品也进行二次处理，回收利用。 经过一系列的调研，我的方案引入了飞灰砖 工厂和骨料水泥厂这两个功能，对其进行补 充，以期使其成为一套更全面更完善的处理 系统。

雄安将会成为中国的一大范本城市，而 雄安的垃圾处理设施也将会成为范本工厂。 除了实际功能外，我的目标是赋予这一工 厂教育性，方式是将工厂的主要功能分块解 构，在其上方加入另一空间流线，与其产生 视觉关联，使上层的人们能够近距离参观了 解垃圾回收处理的流程。为了吸引人们来到 这一教育空间，参观空间将被置于水平地面 高度，并被赋予有趣时尚的市场空间，相应 的，工厂部分将被沉入地下。

92

Axonometric Drawing

Building System

Detailed dimensions of each components

94

95

Sections

96

Bird’s Eye View; Ground Floor Plan

97

Underground Floor Plans

98

Renderings

99

MS STUDIO

RECONSTRUCTING MEMORY

100

Because urban development has exponentially grown in recent years in China, old buildings are being demolished. Therefore, people are losing the memories of their hometowns, and towns are losing their historical value. This project intends to reconstruct the memory of traditional buildings and landscapes, by preserving, moving and recycling construction waste. The proposal is to develop a memorial park in a protected village in Xiong’an. The center of this park will be a recycling construction waste facility. This building will have a transparent façade, so that it becomes part of the landscape, and at the same time it will let people observe the recycling process.

Additionally, the memorial landscape will incorporate different infrastructure such as squares, swimming pools, bazaars and other spaces for recreational activities.

Also, the park will represent time— an old stage and farm area will symbolize the past, the present will be

represented with recycled residential buildings and paths, and the future by extreme sport facilities and parking areas. The goal of this design is to use the construction waste coming from the demolition in the new urban area of Xiong’an.

Through the recycling construction waste facility, the waste will become new material to create this park. As a result, the project will help to reconstruct the collective memory of the original residents.

Wentao Zeng

由于近年来中国城市发展呈指数级增 长，旧建筑正在被拆除。因此，人们失去了对 家乡的记忆，城镇也失去了历史价值。该项 目旨在通过保存、移动和回收建筑垃圾，重 建对传统建筑和景观的记忆。建议在雄安一 个受保护的村庄开发一个纪念公园。这个公 园的中心将是一个建筑垃圾回收设施。这 座建筑将有一个透明的外墙，使其成为景 观的一部分，同时它将让人们观察回收过 程。此外，纪念景观还将包括不同的基础设 施，例如：广场、游泳池、集市和其他娱乐活 动空间。同时，公园将代表时间：一个旧的舞 台和农场区域将象征过去，现在将代表回收 的住宅建筑和道路，以及未来的极端体育设 施和停车场。本次设计的目的是利用雄安新 城拆迁产生的建筑垃圾。通过建筑垃圾回收 设施，这些垃圾将成为这个公园的新材料。 因此，该项目将有助于重建原居民的集体记 忆。

101

重 构 记 忆

102

Site Analysis (Existing Villages and Future Master Plan Overlay)

103

104

Concept and System

105

Village Typology and New Building Typology

106

Sections

108

Axonometric Drawing

Renderings

110

Plan

MS STUDIO

BLUEDOT

112

The Chinese government is trying to create a zero-waste city and green urban space in Xiong’an New Area. Baiyang Lake is the core area of new district planning where water accounts for 23.4% of the total area. Water is the most important thing in our life, especially for people living in Xiong’an. People here live with water—they use reeds to do handicrafts and most of their jobs involve fishinf or tourism.

However, water is a large issue.

Baiyang Lake has experienced floods and periods of drought.

Water shortage and pollution issues affect people’s lives. Once the population grows, water will become even more of an issue.

Wastewater treatment can reduce the water issue and the pollution that’s caused from water. People live with water, but not wastewater treatment. No one wants to live next to a wastewater treatment plant. What about a wastewater treatment solution that also becomes a part of life? My proposal brings wastewater treatment into the community, combining it with

people’s traditional lifestyle and culture instead of eliminating them.

In my research, I found that in most areas of China, government had a huge floor area, but people never use it. People only go to the local government area with problems. By combining wastewater treatment with the local government area, we can create a water park for the community and everyone who lives nearby to use. Different functions of the water park will be placed in different areas: near schools, near offices, near tourism areas and near health care areas. With people using the water park, they’ll learn how water treatment works and where our water come from and where it goes.

Ching-Hui Wang

蓝 点

中国政府发展雄安新区以解决北京人口 问题，试图将雄安新区打造成一个零垃圾、 零污染的环境。白洋淀是雄安新区的主要水 资源，人们依赖着他生活着。然而白洋淀面 临了干枯、水源短缺以及水源污染的问题。 当人口一旦增加，水问题将会变成十分严 重。污水处理厂可以帮助处理污水，同时提 供干净的水资源给人们使用，可视为我们每 天生活的一部份；然而大家却很害怕与污水 处理厂为伍。蓝点设计是将污水处理厂依照 不同使用区域进行分析、建造。社区将被分 为学校区、办公区、医疗区以及观光区，这些 区域皆涵盖住宅及商场。因为地方政府占地 极大却鲜少人使用此区域，于是我将地方政 府分散开来，坐落于每个区域中，而污水处 理厂结合地方政府，形成了我的蓝点设计。 蓝点设计依照不同区域提供不同功能，供应 社区居民使用；保留部分传统文化以及生活 模式，同时创造新的空间供居民使用。在使 用公共空间的同时又可理解每天的水资源 何去何从

113

Floods

Washing Transport Watering farm

Agriculture

Washing Street Wash animals

Restroom Education

Water Reuse

Garden Washing Toilet

Kitch

Enviroment

Household

Water Pollution

wastewater Treatment

Watering plants Clearn River

Bath

Society

Bio-soil

Industry

Industry WasteWater

Water S-N

Laundry

Economy Finshing

Water Shortage

Getting Dry

Politics

Ground Water

Ice Ski

Lotus flower

Tour Boat

Bird watching

Water playing

Reer Died

Population Need Public space

Handcreaft Reed

Limited Water Use

Park

Limit Aquaculture

ISSUE

STRATEGIES

OUTCOME

Economy

When deal with the water issue, I would like to keep the traditional culture, lifestyle and current residents with new migrant during urbanization, instead of eliminate them.

WasteWater Treatment Processing

Water Quality

Step1. COLLECTION

Wastewater comes from water used in the home.

Step2. SCREENING

Screening removes large objects that may block or damage equipment.

Step3. PRIMARY TREATMENT

This involves the separation of organic solid matter (or human waste) from the wastewater.

Heavy particles of solid waste sink to the bottom to form a layer of sludge.

Step4. BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

Using bacteria to break the waste down into harmless substances.

Step5. FINAL TREATMENT

Take out any last remaining waste particles.

Step6. Filtered into river or provide to people use OR

Treating sewage produces a lot of solid matter called 'sludge'.

To produce fertiliser granules.

Step6. OZONE

Disinfection and the breakdown of organic chemicals

Step7. DISINFECTION

Clear Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection.

SLUDGE TREATMENT

Concept

BIO-SOIL

COLLECTION

SCREEN

PRIMARY TREATMENT

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

FINAL TREATMENT

OZONE

RIVER

114

For Resident use

DISINFECTION

LOCAL GOVERNMENT The place people only come with problems.

Home

Kindergarten

Supermarket Elementaryy school

Convenience store

Mall

Home

Local Government Post office

Home

Bank

Nursing home

Restaurant

Vegetable mart

Pharmacy

Health center er Senior center er Residential Education + Medical Care

Home

Commercial + Bussiness Goverment

Boundary in each field, and no touchable to government

+ Local Government

= WasteWater Treatment

BLUEDOT

LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES

The place people come to relax, play and have education.

Home Supermarket

Post office

Convenience store

Nursing home

Mall

Kindergarten

Health center Local Government

Senior center Home

Home

Bank

Elementary school Pharmacy

Restaurant Vegetable mart

115

Home

Residential Education + Medical Care Commercial + Bussiness Goverment

No Boundary, Government area become a part of our live

MY DESIGN DISTRICT 15-minutes walkable Community life circle Divided Government Area into Community.

Residential Commercial Community Government

Residential Education Commercial Goverment Medical Care

Commercial + Residential + Government

Tourism Bussiness

BLUE DOT ANALYSE WasteWater treatment ZONE CONNECTION

Member

Number

Size of Blue dot Sewage volume: (liters / person. day)

10,350 CRG + Education

Family with 1 or 2 kids

450 (people) *11 (block) = 4,950 (people) Elementary school=> 6*10*45=2,700 Secondary school=> 2,500-2,700

250

0.37*(10,350) + 0.042*(10,350) + 0.29 * (10,350) + 0.026 * (10,350) + 0.1 * (10,350) = 8570 m3 93*93*1

Urban Analysis

300m X 200m

3,600 450 (people) *16 (block) = 3,600 (people)

CRG + Medical care

0.828*3,600*350/250= 4,172 m3 47*47*1

People in every age

150m X 100m

4,950 450 (people) *11 (block) = 4,950 (people)

CRG + Tourism

0.828*4,950= 4,098 m3 64*64*1

People over 45

116

2000m X 150m

3,600 450 (people) *8 (block) = 3,600 (people)

0.828*3,600= 2,980 m3 55*55*1

CRG + Bussiness CRG = ( Commercial + Residential + Government)

Single young people

150m X 150m

Wastewater treatment 15-minutes walkable Community life circle Clear Water Flow Water flow

Medical care

Education

PORPOSAL Plan Concept

Relationship with surroundingarea

Function

Children Play

Prototypes

Education

Patient Cure Medical care

Tourist Visit Tourism

117 Office worker Bussiness

Relax/path

Bussiness

Tourism

Medical care

ISOMETRIC

Scenarios

Tourism

118

ISOMETRIC

Bussiness

ISOMETRIC

Education

119

ISOMETRIC

Education

Scenario

INTERIOR PUBLIC SPACE WITH WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESSING

120

Our life start with water Bussiness

So convenience, no hurry to work.

I have shortest walking path.

This water is so warm, nice to have foot sauna before working.

So many people this moring.

A good start.

COLLECTION

Education

Education

OZONE

FINAL TREATMENT

Interior Space is so amazing, people can be here watching the WWT processing. Water comes from home.

Annual Concert here combine with WWT park, a nice community space.

YO!

PRIMARY TREATMENT

DISINFECTION

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

Medical care

Tourism

Storyboard

Do you see the reeds? These is where economy come from, many people use it to do handcraft. We can harvest it before winter come.

121

Every one can take tourism boat and learn how ecological grow here, at same time know how WWT work.

I know where water go and where they from, let’s go home.

Birds!

Yes, our daily life is water’s daily life in wastewater treament park.

Let’s play.

I feel save in semi-priviate area

MS STUDIO

A CIVIC LANDSCAPE

122

From our background research, we learned that China as a country has a high amount of waste production in different forms including contamination of the water.

Statistics released by the Ministry of Ecology & Environment (MEE) showed that the amount of general industrial solid waste, industrial hazardous waste, medical waste and domestic waste generated in large and medium sized cities, nationwide reached 1.31 billion tons, 40.1 million tons, 781,000 tons and 219.44 million tons domestic waste respectively in 2017. With such a large generation of municipal solid waste, our project is to develop a waste management facility in response to tackling the large amounts.

Since the Xiong’an New Area is a new city with a fast-paced developing urban context, there has been a lot of studies on urbanism from various perspectives. Keeping in mind the traditional masterplan layout, with the boot area reaching near completion, the focus of our work is through the theory of landscape urbanism, where the master

plan is treated as a living ecology.

The proposal revolves on the five general themes of Landscape Urbanism as outlined by James Corner (Field Operations): 1. Horizontality 2. Infrastructures 3. Forms of Process 4. Techniques 5. Ecology By studying the connectivity (road networks), organizational systems (districts), social points (community centers), the green system (landscape) the hydrological system (wetlands) in isolation and in combination, the project develops an ideological bond between the facility and the various systems in the master plan generating an eco-park. The larger aim is to treat the proposal as a civic landscape projecting an understanding of its growth over a period in the Xiong’an New Area.

Ishita Narendra Parmar Analee Bipin Patel

123

市 民 景 观

从我们的背景研究中我们了解到，中国 作为一个国家，有大量不同形式的废物产 生，包括水的污染。从生态环境部发布的统 计数据显示，仅2017年全国大中城市一般的 工业固体废物、工业危险废物、医疗废物和 生活垃圾产生量分别达到13.1亿吨、4010万 吨和78.1万吨、21944万吨。随着城市固体 废物的大量产生，设计将开发一个废物管理 设施，以应对大量的废物。

雄安新区作为一个城市环境快速发展的 新城，从多个角度对其进行了大量的研究。 考虑到传统的总体规划布局，随着启动区接 近完成，我们的设计重点是通过景观城市化 理论，将总体规化视为一个活的生态系统。 该方案将围绕詹姆斯•科恩概述的景观城 市化的五大主题展开：

1. 层级

2. 基础设施

3. 过程的形式

4. 技术

5. 生态学

通过研究连通性（道路网络）、组织系统（ 区域）、社会点（社区中心）、绿地系统（景观） 、水文系统（湿地）的隔离和组合，该项目在 设施和总体规划中的各种系统之间建立了 一种思想纽带，从而形成一个生态公园。更 大的目标是将该提案视为雄安新区的一个 城市景观，并对其在一段时期内的发展进行 了解。

SYSTEM DIAGRAM

Concept and Sections

PROPOSAL : DESIGN AS A LAYERED SY

124

CULTURAL NODES

ECOPARK

he Xiong’an

Management Facility

Greens Flowers

Waters

Outlook Hills

Play lawns Groves Ground cover Hammocks area

Flowers Flowers

Flowers

Plan

Waste Management facility

Lotus Pond

Fishing Retention pond

Water feature

Promenade

125 Water feature

Ecopond

Proposal : Design as a layered system of flows

126

Scenarios

Research & Design Strategies for addressing the Waste issues of the Xiong’an New Area

Water

Lotus Pond

Proposal Concepts : Scenerio Planning PROPOSAL : DESIGN AS A LAYERED SYSTEM OF FLOWS WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITY SEGREGATION PROCESS

TRUCK WEIGHING AREA

TRUCK EXIT

STORAGE BUILDING MANAGEMENT FACILITY TRIPPING BUILDING

Planting

View points

Ecopond

Food hall

Groves

Groves

Planting

Proposal : Master Plan

Lotus pond

TRUCK ENTRY

127 KEY PLAN

MS STUDIO 128

The world is an ever-growing entity that relies on its natural resources to develop and as the world continues with its rapid expansion, these finite resources are depleting by each passing day.

Xiong’an is another example of human-driven development.

Xiong’an as a city relies on Baiyang Lake for meeting its daily water needs. These needs will further increase after the Xiong’an New Area starts developing. Baiyang Lake occupies almost twenty-five percent of the total area of Xiong’an and has a huge impact on the life of people living there. Using the culturally unique plants like reed and lotus and their scientific qualities of phytoremediation, the different scenarios of lake edge are speculated and guidelines provided for future lake front edge conditions.

Wastewater facilities have traditionally been the source of treating polluted water. But they are often neglected industrial structures always placed in isolation with strong mental stigmas attached to them. These industrial buildings become unspeakable terms which are detested by the masses. In addition to this, humans have always taken water for granted, overlooking the fact that every drop wasted eventually leads to an ocean polluted, in this case, the Baiyang Lake. To handle the ongo-

ing struggle, the WWF seeks to focus on adding to the existing wastewater treatment processes to form a culturally rooted facility as the part of the new urban fabric of the city. The introduction of lotus, reed and fishing workshops along with flea market, both sustained by public participation, would promote the culture and act as a catalyst to attract people to this facility. The architecture uses water to guide people in this facility, consciously making them feel how water is an integral form of life. The design allows people to feel and experience the beauty of water as they make their way across the facility while being educated about the important of water as a resource and enjoying their favorite activity in this complex.

This proposal therefore is not an isolated design, but a series of carefully thought out design interventions, which become integral to the city of the future and redefine the typology of a wastewater facility. It becomes a space that not only treats the wastewater, but also a cathedral for the people of this city to spend their quality time in.

Trisha Tarun Gupta Vedyun Mishra

CATHEDRAL PURITY

世界是一个依靠其自然资源来发展的日 益增长的实体，并且随着世界的迅速扩张， 这些有限的资源正日益枯竭。雄安是人类驱 动发展的另一个例子。雄安作为一个依靠白 洋淀来满足日常用水需的城市，在开发后， 这些需求将进一步增加。白洋淀几乎占了雄 安总面积的百分之二十五并且对生活在那 里的人们的生活产生了巨大的影响。利用芦 苇和荷花等具有独特文化的植物以及它们 的植物修复的科学特性，来推测湖泊边缘的 不同情景，并为未来湖泊的情况提供指导。

废水处理设施历来是污水处理的主要来 源。但作为一个产业结构，它已经并且正在 被忽视，它总是处于孤立状态，也带有强烈 的精神污点。这些工业建筑成了人们深恶痛 绝的难言之词。除此之外，人类一直认为水 是理所当然的，忽略了一个事实，那就是每 浪费一滴水最终都会导致海洋污染，在这个 案例中，就是白洋淀。为了处理正在进行的 冲突，废水处理设施关注增加现有的污水处 理过程，来形成一个根植于文化的设施，作 为城市新城市结构的一部分。莲花、芦苇和 钓鱼交流会以及跳蚤市场的引入，都是由公 众参与来维持的，这将促进文化的发展，并 成为吸引人们到这个设施的催化剂。在这个 设备中，建筑使用水来引导人们，有意识地 让他们感觉到水是我们生活中不可或缺的 一种形式。设计使得人们在穿过设施的同时 感受和体验水的美丽，在享受他们最喜欢的 活动的同时，不断接受关于水作为一种资源 的重要性的教育，

因此，该方案不是一个孤立的设计，而是 一系列经过深思熟虑的设计干预，成为未来 城市的一部分，并重新定义了废水设施的类 型。它不仅成为了一个处理废水的空间，也 成为了这个城市的人们度过美好时光的大 教堂。

129

纯 净 圣 所

130

Issue of Waster System in XIong’an

131

Issue and Strategy System

132

Waste Water Treatment System

133

134

Concept and Master Plan

135

Renderings

MS STUDIO

FOOD URBANISM

136

Responding to the accelerated urban growth and its need of food, the necessity to minimize the incoming waste to landfills or other waste treatment facilities, and the general distrust of China in the industrial system that uses agriculture chemicals, this proposal gives the new city of Xiong’an the opportunity to develop its own food production that follows the premise of food safety throughout different typologies that can be replicated in the city.

As it is known, the key elements in urban farming are water, energy and nutrients. The water will be supplied by the natural and dechannelized wetland submitted to a phytoremediation mechanism or by rainwater harvesting. The nutrients will be provided by the organic waste and the energy by the biofuel generated in the composting process.

Additionally, the different typologies of the food urbanism chain will follow the land use, method of

composting, type of user and the species grown. The main goal is to include food production in the daily life of the habitants and to build a concept of a food production cycle that includes the use of organic waste. Although, some of the typologies will be privately managed, some can be viewed as a source of employment either on the composting, production or retail phase.

Sena Gokkus Carol Fatima Pacheco

本设计目标为应对不断加速的城市扩张 所导致的食物需求问题。出于尽量减少垃圾 填埋或其他的垃圾处理方式，以及对中国食 品生产安全的不信任这两方面考虑，我们的 设计旨在给雄安新城提供一个发展自身食 品生产的机会，这项计划在遵循食品安全的 前提下，可适用于雄安市不同的场地条件， 具有可复制性。

众所周知，城市农业的关键要素是水、能 源和养分。这些水主要通过湿地修复，河道 调整，以及雨水收集，来源于自然降水。这些 养分将由有机废物提供，而能源则由堆肥过 程中产生的生物燃料提供。

此外，食物城市化链的类型区分将受土 地利用、堆肥方法、使用者类型和种植的物 种等方面影响。我们的主要目标是将粮食生 产纳入居民的日常生活，并建立包括使用有 机废物在内的粮食生产循环概念。尽管设计 中的有些类型是私人管理的，但仍有很大一 部分可以在堆肥、生产或零售阶段提供就业 机会。 137

食 物 城 市

138

Concept

139

Scenarios

140

Scenarios

141

142

Scenarios

143

MS STUDIO

BUBBLE UP BOTTLE UP

144

The development of human civilization has been though the “Stone Age,” “Bronze Age,” “Iron Age,” and now entering the “Plastic Age.” Plastic has become a sugar-coated poison addiction in this modern lifestyle. We don’t necessarily need it but we also can’t leave it.

Using the methods of visualization and quantification, we try to bring awareness to people about how plastic is harming our world, and eventually reduce our reliance on plastic.

We collect four types of plastics that are safe to be melted: PET, PP, HDPE and LDPE. All the plastic waste will be moved to the waterfront of each neighborhood and packed into transportation bubbles according to type. On the bubble’s journey of flowing down the river, and before it reaches the destination, it will collect the waste floating on the surface of the water and bring it to the facility. After the bubble is captured and swallowed by the facility, it will go through all

kinds of processes such as being melted and cast into a new transportation bubble, an urban farming bubble or even the structure of a growing bubble tower. As people create more plastic waste, the tower of plastic bubbles will get taller and taller, alerting the people in this city to the urgency of this issue, and thus try to change their practices in their daily life.

Chunyi Ho Yixuan Xin

塑 昧 瓶 生 145

此人类文明发展至今，我们经历了“石 器时代”、 “青铜时代”和“铁器时代” ，并进入 了“塑料时代”。塑料已经成为现代生活中一 种如糖衣毒药般的依赖，既不必需使用，却 也离不开它。

本项目试图通过一种视觉化与量化的手 段来唤醒大众，使得人们意识到塑料垃圾的 危害，最终减少对于塑料的依赖。

我们搜集四类可安全融化再制的塑料， 分别是PET, PP, HDPE, LDPE。 不同的塑料 会通过地下管道运输至岸边，被打包进入运 输球，之后塑料球沿河岸漂流并沿途搜集河 水中的垃圾，最终进入泡泡塔— —塑料再生 工厂。运输球中的塑料垃圾经过一系列过程 被重新加工成为新的运输球，农场球，生态 球...... 同时，重新浇注的塑料球也作为建筑 材料成为这座生长中的塔的一部分。人们用 的塑料越多，塑料塔即会变高，使城市里的 使用者能以最直接的方式体会到此议题的 急迫性，进而改变使用习惯。

146

Analysis of Plastics

147

Water

water quality

factory pollution

less amount of trash

upcycling facilities

trash pollution

new resident

increase the amount of trash

water related activity

better environment

fishing

boating

increase health

provide space and oppotunities

better life

incineration

skiing

increase health

lack of knowledge of sorting

landfill

water farming

increase awareness

Trash

low recycling rate

visualize

New City

lack of environmental awareness

truck

underground waste storage

bubble

tower

cost less money

use less energy

Automation

Electronic Devices Recycled Plas�c Shell Reed Fiber Film

Concept and System

Plas�c Waste

148

Colleccng

Compressing

Renderings

Floaang

149

150

Bottle Tower Analysis

151

Narrative of a Bottle’s Life

152

Renderings

153

MS STUDIO

GAME OF RECYCLING Garbage recycling is a global problem. The difficulty is that people can’t always take the initiative to recycle, because although the benefit is huge on a social scale, it is not profitable for them personally. If people are disciplined and forced to do something, the things cannot always be done well. This problem is especially urgent in some developing countries such as China.

Xiong’an New District, as a newly planned city in China, aims to establish a zero-landfill area, so how to classify and handle domestic waste is a very important issue.

The design hopes to make residents pay attention to the problem of garbage recycling by establishing a recycling game that can participate in autonomously. The system of this game combines some new materials in the theory, allowing residents to use their own garbage to build communities and cities in turn. This construction product may take many forms. This project proposes four designs based on four main types of solid waste. They are to some extent different from their traditional characteristics and are a symbol of the future.

154

Tianyi Long

回收游戏

垃圾回收是一个全球性的难题，问题在 于人们总是不能主动地进行垃圾回收，因为 这对于他们个人是毫无收益的事情（虽然放 到社会尺度来看收益巨大）。如果人们被管 束，被要求强行做一些事情，那么他们总是 不能将做这件事的效率最大化。尤其是在一 些后发现代化的国家例如中国，这个问题尤 其严重。

雄安新区作为中国新规划的城市，目标 是建立一个垃圾零填埋的地区，那么如何分 类，处理生活垃圾是非常重要的课题。本设 计希望通过建立一个可以自主参加的回收 游戏，让居民注意到垃圾回收的问题。这个 游戏的系统，结合了一些理论中的新型材 料，让居民可以用自己回收的垃圾反过来建 设社区和城市。这种建设的产品可能有许多 种形式。本方案根据四种主要的固体垃圾类 型提出了四种设计。他们都在一定程度上与 本身的传统特性不同，是一种未来的象征。

155

数据：一个中国人每日生产的固体垃圾

Data: The municipal trash a Chinese produces per day Source: Earth911

0.00

Eat

0.05

0.10

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

0.73 pounds per person

Paper

kitchen waste

0.15

(organic waste)

food packaging bag (plastics waste, paper waste)

drinking cans

(metal waste, plastics waste)

Organic

0.65 pounds per person

Plastics

0.44 pounds per person

Glass

0.36 pounds per person

Use used papers (paper waste)

Metal

coal burning

(dust and ashes waste) 0.0

0.1

Organic

0.12 pounds per person 0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1.21 pounds per person

Dust and Ashes

0.97 pounds per person

Plastics, Metal and Glass

构筑物原型设计 (一)

0.6

0.17 pounds per person

Explosion diagram

Structure Prototype design 1

Gazebo 1 Mixed recycled material

Recycled plastics waterproof layer Mixed recycled material

Recycled glass

Waste Analysis and Prototype

provide light to interior

Uneven facade

because bricks are put in their side face, the difference of bricks’ length makes it uneven

Metal structure

bear wieght of the construction, using recycled metal

Ring seats

provide place to rest and communication, using recycled woods or plastics

Uneven facade

156

Recycled material roof

构筑物原型设计 (三) Structure Prototype design 3

Platform

Stairs

Facade

bricks as facade elements are placed in the space of railing

Facade

like the gazebo design 1, the facade is uneven because of the way it place

Metal structure

bear wieght of the construction, using recycled metal

Metal structure

bear wieght of the construction, using recycled metal

Stair

each of stair is made up of two raws of bricks

Mixed recycled road layer

Metal structure

构筑物原型设计 (二)

Explosion diagram

Structure Prototype design 2

Gazebo 2 Gradually opening well

because the area is small, the upper part is designed as a gradually opening well

Flat interior

interlaced bricks make the surface relatively flat

Small seating area

regularly for whom are dating

Gradually larger foundation makes larger area for people’s feet

Gradually larger foundation

157

Regularly changed facade

A restplace with 3 dimensional enclosure

provides opportunity for others to interact with the facade

MS Arch (Design | Energy | Futures) Program Inquiries: Fei Wang Assistant Professor Coordinator of MS Arch Program Vittoria Buccina Assistant Dean Enrollment Management 201 Slocum Hall Syracuse University School of Architecture Syracuse NY 13244 USA +1-315–443–1041 soa.syr.edu/programs/post-professional-ms/ms-def/

158

PARTICIPANTS 参与学生

M.S. ‘20 Sena Gokkus Trisha Tarun Gupta Chunyi Ho Tianyi Long Vedyun Mishra Carol Fatima Pacheco Ishita Narendra Parmar Analee Bipin Patel Ching Hui Wang Yixuan Xin Qingyang Yu Wentao Zeng