Resolution Booklet – RSC Kutná Hora 2017

RESOLUTION BOOKLET Regional Selection Conference Kutná Hora 2017 3rd – 5th November 2017

The European Youth Parliament Czech Republic’s support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents, which only reflects the views of the individual participants of the Regional Selection Conference Kutnå Hora 2017 mentioned in the Resolution Booklet. The European Youth Parliament Czech Republic or its partners cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

CONTENTS 4

Procedure of the General Assembly

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Programme

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Committee on Employment and Social Affairs

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Committee on Foreign Affairs

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Committee on Development

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Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection

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Committee on Transport and Tourism

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Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice, and Home Affairs I

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Committee on Environment, Public Health, and Food Safety

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Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice, and Home Affairs II

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PROCEDURE OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY GENERAL RULES The wish to speak is indicated by raising the committee placard. The authority of the Session Board is absolute.

PROCEDURE AND TIME SETTINGS Presentation of the Motion for a Resolution The Session Board reads out the topic of the Motion for a Resolution.

One member of the proposing committee reads out the Operative Clauses from the stage.

Defence Speech (3 minutes) One member of the proposing committee presents a speech making the case to vote in favour of the Motion for a Resolution from the stage.

2 Attack Speeches (2 minutes each) A member of another committee present a speech fundamentally disagreeing with the direction of the Motion for a Resolution from the stage.

Response to Attack Speech (1.5 minutes) A member of the proposing committee responds to the points raised in the Attack Speeches from the floor.

Open Debate (3-4 rounds) Members of other committees voice their opinions on different aspects of the Motion for a Resolution from the floor.

After each round a member of the proposing committee responds to the points raised from the floor.

Summation Speech (3 minutes) After the last round of Open Debate up to two members of the proposing committee sum up the debate from the stage, responding to the points raised during the last round of Open Debate and making their final case for voting in favour of the Motion for a Resolution.

If two members of the proposing committee present the Summation Speech they may only pass on the microphone once.

Voting on the Resolution Announcement of the votes Point of Personal Privilege – Requests for a Delegate to repeat a point that was inaudible.

Point of Order – A Delegate feels that the Session Board has not properly followed the parliamentary procedure. The placard is used by Chairpersons after a request from a Delegate.

Direct Response – May be used by each committee once per debate. Should a Delegate raise the Direct Response together with the committee placard, the Session Board will recognise them immediately. The Direct Response sign is used to contribute to the point made directly beforehand.

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PROGRAMME PROGRAMME Sunday, 5th November 2017 08:30–08:45 Opening of the General Assembly 08:45–09:30 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs 09:30–10:15 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Foreign Affairs 10:15–10:45 Coffee Break 10:45–11:30 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Development 11:30–12:15 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection 12:15–13:00 Lunch 13:00–13:45 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Transport and Tourism 13:45–14:30 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice, and Home Affairs I 14:30–15:00 Coffee Break 15:00–15:45 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Environment, Public Health, and Food Safety 15:45–16:30 Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice, and Home Affairs II 17:00–18:00 Closing Ceremony

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS A lost generation? With 6.3 million of its citizens aged 15-24 neither employed nor in education or training (NEETs) in 2016, what measures should the European Union take to ease access to the labour market for young people?

Submitted by: Alžběta Nešporová (CZ), Alžběta Vítková (CZ), Anna Masaříková (CZ), Anna Sadilová (CZ), Andrej Blažek (CZ), David Rosypálek (CZ), Jan Boček (CZ), Jindřich Sedláček (CZ), Lena Völk (DE), Matěj Klíma (CZ), Nela Rindová (CZ), Tomáš Paukner (Chairperson, CZ)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Deeply concerned by high youth unemployment rates across most Member States, with an EU average of 16.7%1, B. Realising that some labour protection laws discourage companies from hiring young job entrees by favouring long-term employees, C. Believing that low wages and inadequate working conditions discourage young labour market participants, leading to long-term job vacancies in entry level jobs, D. Deeply concerned about the skills mismatch2 in the European labour market caused by a lack of communication and cooperation between employers and education providers, E. Believing that inflexible and underfunded national education systems in Member States struggle to provide students with relevant and up-to-date skills for the labour market such as IT-knowledge, F. Noting with deep concern that national education systems do not provide students with adequate knowledge about the labour market such as career planning or how to prepare for application procedures, G. Bearing in mind that the EU only has limited legislative competences in the area of education, vocational training, youth and sport;

1 Youth unemployment rate in the EU28 according to Eurostat in August 2017, with the highest rates in Greece (43.3%), Spain (38.7%), and Italy (35.1%).

2 Skill mismatch refers to differences between the skills students gather in school and the skills employers demand.

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1. Encourages Member States to allow for more flexible labour protection laws; 2. Expresses its hope that Member States increase their minimum wage; 3. Calls for Member States to provide tax benefits to companies having a high share of employees under the age of 25; 4. Endorses the adjustment of national educational systems in accordance with best-practice sharing within the Education & Training 2020 strategic framework3; 5. Supports the European Alliance for Apprenticeships (EAfA)4 in further developing its activities; 6. Encourages the Commission to expand the agenda of the EAfA by supporting vocational training and continued education through best-practice sharing; 7. Recommends Member States increase funding for national education systems; 8. Further recommends that Member States inform young people about their labour market opportunities through their school curricula; 9. Calls upon the Commission to expand the Youth Employment Initiative5 to fund the training of young people in companies and training programs.

3 The Education & Training 2020 strategic framework is a forum for relevant actors in education and training to meet, share knowledge, disseminate information about best practices, and improve education quality in the EU. 4 The EAfA is a platform which allows businesses, governmental bodies, young people, and other relevant actors to come together and share knowledge of improving the quality and quantity of apprenticeships in Europe.

5 The Youth Employment Initiative is the European Commission’s main funding source for projects combating youth unemployment.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS After the breakdown of reunification negotiations for Cyprus between its Greek and Turkish communities in July 2017, how can the European Union cooperate with its international partners in order to reach an agreement on the future of Cyprus that satisfies all stakeholders?

Submitted by: Ana Bageric (US), Daniel Richter (CZ), Jakub Chráska (CZ), Jakub Tichánek (CZ), Karolína Sobotková (CZ), Marek Příplata (CZ), Markéta Stuchlíková (CZ), Patrik Bouček (CZ), Petra Kabelková (CZ), Terezie Jaňourová (CZ), Andries Tjalma (Chairperson, BE), Julia Galantseva (Chairperson, CZ)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Taking into account the differing opinions on the form of government for a reunified Cyprus, B. Noting with deep concern the Republic of Turkey’s considerable influence over the TNRC’s internal and external affairs, C. Emphasising the ongoing Turkish military presence in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) as a cause of disruption for the Cypriot reunification process, D. Alarmed by the provisions of the Treaty of Guarantee1 insofar as they can be used as an excuse to interfere with the reunification process, E. Fully aware of the inadequate compensation for Cypriots who have lost their property following the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, F. Keeping in mind the difficulties in the negotiation process caused by cultural differences such as religion, language, and traditions between Greek and Turkish Cypriots;

1 The Treaty of Guarantee, signed alongside the London-Zürich Agreements in 1963, gives the three guarantor powers (the UK, Greece and Turkey) the right to take military action with the sole aim of safeguarding the independence, sovereignty, and bi-communal nature of the Republic of Cyprus.

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1. Urges the creation of a Cypriot constitutional assembly that: a) is elected by Greek and Turkish communities on the island under the auspices of EU observers, b) consists of an equal number of representatives for both communities, c) be given the power to draft a new Cypriot constitution that would supersede the current presence of both the Republic of Cyprus and the TRNC; 2. Expresses its hope that the aforementioned constitutional assembly will adopt a federal constitution; 3. Approves the recognition of the independence of the TRNC in the event that the aforementioned constitutional assembly fails to unify Cyprus under one constitution; 4. Encourages the gradual withdrawal of armed forces which do not operate within their official army bases in Cyprus; 5. Recommends a renegotiation of the London-ZĂźrich Agreements and the accompanying Treaty of Guarantee with reduced military intervention rights for the guarantor powers; 6. Further invites the Republic of Turkey to offer compensation for Cypriots who have lost their property following the 1974 invasion; 7. Instructs the Commission to offer financial compensation to Cypriots who did not retrieve their original property should the Republic of Turkey refuse to fully compensate them; 8. Requests that the Commission expands the current EU Aid Programme for the Cypriot Community by funding and organising cultural events that aim to promote unity between Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON DEVELOPMENT Negotiations for a new framework agreement between the European Union and African, Caribbean and Pacific states (ACP) replacing the current Cotonou agreement are set to start in 2018. What should be the EU‘s approach and priorities in these negotiations in order to facilitate sustainable growth on the African continent?

Submitted by: Jakub Dostál (CZ), Jáchym Fídler (CZ), Karel Halíček (CZ), Klára Hanzlíková (CZ), Maxim Kotúč (CZ), Stanislav Novák (CZ), Isabel Matthes (DE), Jakub Rech (CZ), Hoang Nguyen (Chairperson, CZ), Anna Trost (Chairperson, IT)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Deeply disturbed by the low skills base of the workforce in African economies, indicated by low literacy rates and insufficient vocational qualifications, B. Noting with deep concern that African states have failed to significantly improve workers’ rights and working conditions, C. Deeply regretting the widespread perpetration of white collar crime such as bribery or corruption in African countries, which leads to the diversion of funds from their intended use, e.g. business investments or development aid, D. Further noting that African enterprises often struggle to compete with multi-national corporations (MNCs) due to features of the political environment they operate in such as political instability, E. Believing that the lack of technological innovation and access to modern technologies impedes economic growth in Africa, F. Fully alarmed by an insufficient regulatory framework to protect African states from the exploitation of their natural resources by MNCs;

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1. Calls upon African states to increase their spending on education and infrastructure development projects; 2. Urges the Commission to fine European MNCs that violate workers’ rights in African states; 3. Further recommends using said fines to increase the funding of the European Development Fund (EDF)1; 4. Recommends that the Commission reforms the allocation of funds from the EDF so that: a) only programmes with pre-mediated goals and submit regular spending reports can be eligible for funds, b) a supervisor appointed by the Commission oversees the allocation of funds in tandem with a counterpart from the African Development Bank (AfDB)2; 5. Instructs the EDF to focus on projects that: a) help African companies acquire new industrial machinery, b) encourage the establishment of new African companies, c) support students whose family income is insufficient for them to continue with their studies; 6. Reaffirms the need for African states to regulate the exploitation of natural resources in a way that preserves these resources for the future.

1 The EDF is the EU’s primary instrument for funding projects in ACP countries.

2 The AfDB is a multilateral financial institutions that is comitted to fighting poverty and improving living conditions on the African continent.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON INTERNAL MARKET AND CONSUMER PROTECTION Digitising the economy: Completing the Digital Single Market could contribute up to € 415 billion annually to Europe‘s economy, yet the recent review of the Digital Single Market strategy still observed significant fragmentation in Europe‘s digital market.

What measures should the European Union take to create an accessible and secure Digital Single Market that connects industry and citizens from all Member States?

Submitted by: Tomáš Zatloukal (CZ), Matěj Rendl (CZ), Milan Vrbík (CZ), Matěj Mašata (CZ), Martin Zitko (CZ), Lukáš Lisý (CZ), Kateřina Slaná (CZ), Klára Čmejrková (CZ), Ondřej Šil (CZ), Debora Koubská (CZ), Elīna Jekale (Chairperson, LV)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Alarmed by the fact that cybersecurity1 systems developed in the EU are three times slower than those developed in Asia and the United States, B. Deeply regretting the reluctance of private companies to cooperate with the EU in research and development for cybersecurity, C. Aware of the differences between Member States in cybersecurity legislation as well as taxation policies, D. Acknowledging European citizens’ security concerns when buying goods and services online, E. Noting with regret the low involvement of private businesses in e-commerce2 and cross-border selling, F. Noting with deep regret the lack of funding for digital infrastructure in rural areas leading to digital fragmentation between remote areas and cities;

1 Cybersecurity is the name given to measures taken to protect a computer system against hacking.

2 E-commerce is the practice of buying and selling goods and services online.

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1. Calls upon the European Quality Assurance in Vocational Education and Training3 (EQAVET) to establish traineeships in the field of cybersecurity; 2. Invites the European Investment Fund (EIF) to: a) fund scholarships for successful high-school students that intend to study in fields related to information technologies (IT), b) financially support the private European cybersecurity companies that cooperate with the EU; 3. Affirms the Commission’s proposed regulations on e-commerce including its attempts to stop unjustified geo-blocking4, increase the transparency of parcel delivery prices, and improve the enforcement of consumers’ rights; 4. Asks the Commission to expand the European Trustmark5 to all Member States; 5. Supports the Commission’s proposed 5G action plan6.

3 EQAVET is an organisation promoting European collaboration in developing and improving quality assurance in vocational education and training.

4 Geo-blocking is a form of technological protection measure that restrics access to internet content based on the user’s geographical location.

5 The European Trustmark Is a certification offering an easy way to check if the online shop complies with the highest possible tracking standards.

6 The 5G action plan is a roadmap for public and private investment on 5G infrastructure in the EU.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORT AND TOURISM From Barcelona to Budapest and Copenhagen to Venice residents of popular tourist destinations have raised concerns about the effect of mass tourism on their hometowns. How can the European Union promote sustainable tourism that protects these residents in its Member States from negative social, economic and environmental consequences of mass tourism?

Submitted by: Dalien Prema (CZ), Eliška Přádová (CZ), Katie Brown (CZ), Klára Vrlíková (CZ), Jakub Vondráček (CZ), Lucie Hrdinová (CZ), Luke Piercy (ES), Martin Míšek (CZ), Petr Foniok (CZ), Tomáš Vajcík (CZ), Jou- an Chen (TWN), Daniel Dvořáček (Chairperson, CZ), Valentina Dytrychová (Chairperson, CZ)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Keeping in mind that tourism plays a key role for Europe’s economic development, B. Taking into account that the tourism industry represents one of the main sources of income for some Member States1, C. Noting with regret that disrespectful behaviour of tourists often damages monuments and interrupts the daily lives of residents in tourist destination, D. Noting with approval the existing programmes dealing with sustainability in mass tourism, E. Alarmed by the high amount of pollution related to tourism caused by the overly extensive usage of every day utilities and a lack of eco-friendly behaviour2, F. Deeply alarmed by the disregard among the general public for the dangers actors in the shared economy such as Airbnb pose for residents of mass tourist destinations, G. Deeply concerned by residents struggling to afford rising prices for everyday products and housing in mass tourist destinations3, H. Bearing in mind that overcrowded destinations can experience higher crime rates4;

1 In Croatia, tourism contributed 18,1% to Gross domestic product (GDP), in Malta 13,4% and in Cyprus 12,7%, making these countries’ economic well- being dependent on this sector.

2 In Croatia, tourism contributed 18,1% to Gross domestic product (GDP), in Malta 13,4% and in Cyprus 12,7%, making these countries’ economic well- being dependent on this sector.

3 During the last three years prices in Barcelonahave increased by 30%.

4 Since 2014 the number of criminal offences in Barcelona increased by 26%.

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1. Calls upon the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO)5 to establish a platform that shares best practices and collects information about responsible tourist behaviour; 2. Congratulates the work of programmes such as European Destinations of Excellence (EDEN)6, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)7, the EU Eco Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS)8, European Tourism Indicator System (ETIS)9 and Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises programme (COSME)10; 3. Calls for Member States to implement a reservation system that manages visits to popular destinations in a way that preservers ancient monuments and avoids overcrowding; 4. Encourages Member States to improve the infrastructure connecting transport and tourism hubs with more remote tourist destinations; 5. Endorses Member States to improve and strengthen public transport.

5 World Tourism Organisations (UNWTO) – The UN agency who is responsible for the promotion on a more sustainable and universally accessible tourism.

6 EDEN promotes sustainable tourism possibilities across the EU. 7 UNEO is an agency of the United Nations that coordinates its environmental activities and assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices.

8 EMAS is a management instrument for companies and other organisations to evaluate, report, and improve their environmental performance.

9 ETIS is a system of indicators suitable for all tourist destinations, encouraging them to adopt a more intelligent approach to tourism planning.

10 COSME helps companies develop and create programmes for sustainable tourism.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON CIVIL LIBERTIES, JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS I Fragile solidarity: With Member States failing to meet their obligations under the emergency relocation scheme by only having re-allocated about 25.000 asylum seekers since the end of 2015, how can the European Union ensure that burdens, responsibilities and opportunities of dealing with the continuing stream of newly arriving asylum seekers are shared fairly among its Member States?

Submitted by: Anna Břešťanová (CZ), Jaroslav Knápek (CZ), Vojtěch Donát (CZ), Matěj Koštíř (CZ), Veronika Čírtková (CZ), Matyáš Štěpánek (CZ), Jan Zvoníček (CZ), Erik Banič (CZ), Linda Bollenová (CZ), Maria Puig Guich (ES), Radim Ludvík (CZ), Vojtěch Stieber (CZ), Matyáš Diestler (CZ), Elisa Cappa Bava (Chairperson, IT), Theresa Lindlahr (Chairperson, DE)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Deeply concerned about the pressures the Dublin III Regulation1 put on Member States at the external border of EU, B. Bearing in mind that the Emergency Relocation Mechanism (ERM)2 only served as a short-term solution, C. Disappointed by Member states failing to meet their obligation under the ERM to reallocate 160 000 asylum seekers failed before its expiration in September 2017, D. Convinced that the ERM neither enticed nor exerted enough pressure on Member States to adhere to it, E. Keeping in mind that stricter sanctions for Member States not adhering to their obligations under the ERM i) may cause further conflict between EU institutions and Member States, ii) may incite for further rise in populism, iii) are necessary to incentivise Member States to abide the obligation to take asylum seekers, F. Deeply disturbed by many Member States’ refusal to accept asylum seekers, which puts a strain on solidarity between Member States, G. Believing that said refusal further violates Member States’ obligation to protect refugees under the 1951 Geneva Refugee Convention and the European Convention on Human 1 According to the 2013 Dublin III Regulation asylum seekers have to apply for asylum in the first country they entered when reaching the EU. 2 In the wake of the 2015 refugee crisis, the European Council established an exceptional and temporary relocation mechanism with the target to relocate 160 000 asylum seekers from Italy and Greece to other Member States by September 2017.

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Rights3, H. Fully aware of the growing hostility towards asylum seekers caused by the lack of cultural sensitivity and the misinformation about the causes of migration; 1. Recommends to prolong the duration of the ERM whilst maintaining its initial distribution key4; 2. Invites the European Commission to gradually strengthen sanctions on Member States that fail to meet their quotas under the ERM; 3. Calls upon the European Refugee Fund5 to give greater financial support and reward to Member States that meet their quotas; 4. Expresses its hope for Member States who have experience with large asylum seeker inflow to share best practices; 5. Encourages Member States to support external border countries by promoting voluntary work in countries overburdened with asylum seekers; 6. Encourages Member States to promote active citizenship by: a) introducing mandatory civic education in secondary schools, b) increasing the accessibility of information about crisis situations, asylum seekers’ living conditions and legal regulations through social media campaigns, leaflets, and state news websites, c) endorsing the creation of an EU-led expert group to raise awareness of false claims about asylum seekers.

3 The 1951 Geneva Refugee Convention outlines the fundamental rights of refugees and enforces the principle of nonrefoulement: Refugees can not be sent back to countries they are expected to be under threat in. The EU adopted similar legislation in the form of the European Convention on Human Rights, whose adherence is monitored by the European Court for Human Rights.

4 The distribution key takes into account a state’s GDP, size of population, unemployment rate and previous number of asylum applications.

5 The European Refugee Fund co-finances actions such as improvements in reception accommodation infrastructures, legal and social assistance for asylum seekers and refugees, or resettlement and relocation operations.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT, PUBLIC HEALTH AND FOOD SAFETY Making use of waste: 40% of food waste still ends up in landfills, despite recent technological innovations that can convert food waste into fertilisers and methanol to generate significant amounts of energy. How could the European Union foster the use of these technologies, taking into account potential implications for both environmental integrity and the development of a new organic industry, while reaching EU 2020 goals?

Submitted by: Lucie Bambušková (CZ), Tereza Bártová (CZ), Petr Čekal (CZ), Tomáš Hlačík (CZ), Anna Kassahunová (CZ), Anežka Mlíčková (CZ), Giovanni Murgia (IT), Anna Muzikantová (CZ), Marek Nerandžič (CZ), Valérie Taftová (CZ), Millie Smith (Chairperson, UK), Matěj Višňa (Chairperson, CZ)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Alarmed by the waste of food worth €143 billion annually in the EU1, B. Deeply concerned that households cause 53% of total food waste annually in the EU, whilst other contributors include food producers, food processors, as well as the food service, wholesale, and retail industry2, C. Taking into account that new companies struggle to enter and sustain in the market for food waste technologies due to high entry barriers such as high levels of initial investment, D. Further noting that there is no universally accepted legal definition of the terms food waste3 and organic industry4, E. Noting with regret that citizens and the food industry are not fully aware of the potential benefits of food waste technology for achieving the EU 2020 goals5, F. Disappointed that Member States follow diverging and at times contradicting strategies for promoting food waste technologies, G. Concerned about the lack of recycling options such as organic waste containers in some Member States’ waste management systems;

1 According to FUSIONS EU. 2 According to FUSIONS EU. 3 Generally, the term food waste refers to food that is lost, wasted, or left uneaten.

4 Most commonly, the term organic industry describes the industry of producing and trading organic fertilisers.

5 The Europe 2020 strategy is the EU's agenda for growth and jobs for the current decade. It emphasises smart, sustainable and inclusive growth as a way to overcome the structural weaknesses in Europe's economy.

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1. Encourages the Commission to use funds from Horizon 20206 to subsidise newly established companies in the organic industry as well as new companies using innovative food waste technologies; 2. Encourages the Commission Expert Group on Food Losses (WG FLW)7 to create common guidelines for the most efficient use of food waste technologies such as anaerobic digestion8 and methanol production9; 3. Calls upon the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)10 to arrange a conference in which experts, EU representatives, and representatives from other FAO member states define the terms food waste and organic industry; 4. Calls upon the Commission to promote awareness about the issue of food waste and new food waste technologies among citizens through information campaigns; 5. Urges Member States to provide more organic waste containers; 6. Recommends allowing actors from the organic industry to freely use the waste collected in said containers.

6 Horizon 2020 is an EU research and innovation programme with available funding of nearly â‚Ź80 billion.

7 The WG FLW is an informal expert group that assists the Commission and Member States in identifying and prioritising actions for preventing food waste. 8 Anaerobic digestion uses micro-organisms to break down food waste in the absence of oxygen. This process produces biogas.

9 Methanol is a clean-burning, biodegradable fuel, which can be made from food waste.

10 The FAO assists countries in improving their agriculural systems and food security whilsts also serving as a knowledge sharing platform for information about food, agriculture, and natural resources.

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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON CIVIL LIBERTIES, JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS II Building an inclusive Europe: With transgender people regularly facing discrimination at the workplace and communities they live in, what further steps should the European Union take to protect the rights of transgender people and promote their inclusion into society?

Submitted by: Alexandra Becková (CZ), Eliška Buzášová (CZ) , Matylda Folbergerová (CZ), Olga Hloušková (CZ), Blanka Konvalinková (CZ), Matěj Kozmík (CZ), Benedikta Krůželová (CZ), Lucie Malá (CZ), Veronika Očenášková (CZ), Adam Palivec (CZ), Martin Šustr (CZ), Nora Carbonell Vilaplana (ES), Michaela Králová (Chairperson,CZ), Conall Molloy (Chairperson, IE)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Concerned by the lack of a unified legislative approach to gender recognition and transgender rights people among Member States, B. Disappointed by the continued practice of forced sterilisation1 as a mandatory requirement for legal gender recognition in 13 Member States, despite the European Court of Human Rights’ (ECHR) ruling2 declaring it illegal, C. Deeply concerned by the impact of social discrimination on transgender people’s mental health, D. Disturbed by the high rate of transphobia related hate crimes perpetrated in the EU, E. Noting with regret the inadequate representation for transgender people in political and social spheres, F. Noting with concern the lack of awareness concerning support services available to transgender people, G. Deeply regretting the disregard for transgender issues among citizens;

1 Forced sterilisation is the practice of enforcing a government policy to remove someone’s ability to have children through a medical procedure.

2 In its April 2017 ruling on the case A.P. Garcon, E. Garcon, S. Nicot V France, the Court ruled that the condition of compulsory sterilising surgery or treatment for legal gender recognition violated Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights.

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1. Calls for an amendment to Article 21 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights3 that would add gender identity as a form of prohibited discrimination; 2. Recommends that Member States adopt equal marriage laws that define marriage as the legal union between two people regardless of their gender; 3. Urges Member States to adopt gender recognition laws based on self-determination, following the example of Malta’s Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics Act4; 4. Requests that all Member States comply with the ECHR ruling on compulsory sterilisation; 5. Calls upon Member States to implement anti-hate crime legislation in accordance with the European Legal Framework on Hate Speech, Blasphemy and its Interaction with Freedom of Expression5; 6. Has resolved to assist non-governmental organisations (NGOs) working to enhance the lives and inclusion of transgender citizens in creating support centres that provide workshops for family members, offer support groups and provide psychological as well as medical aid; 7. Encourages Member States to introduce gender diversity to school curricula; 8. Calls for the implementation of an information campaign that promotes media content representing transgender people in non-stereotypical ways; 9. Supports public events and workshops that allow the public to interact with and learn about transgender people in a direct manner.

3 The Article in its current state reads: “Any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.”

4 The Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics Act creates a quick, transparent and easy system for Maltese citizens to self-determine their own gender without providing proof of psychiatric, psychological or medical treatment.

5 The European Legal Framework on Hate Speech, Blasphemy and its Interaction with Freedom of Expression lays down a framework around which Member States should formulate legislation regarding hate crime and hate speech.

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